WO2016150280A1 - 无源光电标签、光电读写器及无源光电标识系统 - Google Patents

无源光电标签、光电读写器及无源光电标识系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016150280A1
WO2016150280A1 PCT/CN2016/075240 CN2016075240W WO2016150280A1 WO 2016150280 A1 WO2016150280 A1 WO 2016150280A1 CN 2016075240 W CN2016075240 W CN 2016075240W WO 2016150280 A1 WO2016150280 A1 WO 2016150280A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optical
tag
passive
receiver
chip
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PCT/CN2016/075240
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐继东
付志明
王莹
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2016150280A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016150280A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K17/00—Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a passive optical tag, an optical reader/writer and a passive photoelectric identification system.
  • the label identification technology considering the requirements of energy saving and environmental protection, can also be edited as a basic requirement.
  • the current requirement is that the tag identification technology is RFID technology, which has the characteristics of non-contact, tag passive and tag ID information editable, as shown in Figure 1, but because it uses wireless radio frequency for transmission, it also has radio frequency.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a passive optical tag, an optical reader/writer, and a passive photoelectric identification system to solve at least the problem of large RFID tag area and high cost in the related art.
  • a passive optical tag including: a photo cell, a light emitting receiver, and an Optoelectronics Identification (OEID) chip; wherein the photo cell is used for The light emitting receiver and the control processing OEID chip are powered; the control processing OEID chip is for controlling the light emitting receiver to be in a state of a transmitter or a receiver for transmitting or receiving data, and managing data and Storing; the light emitting receiver is configured to transmit or receive an optical signal, wherein the optical transmitting receiver is a device in which the optical transmitter and the optical receiver are combined into one.
  • OEID Optoelectronics Identification
  • the light emitting receiver is integrated with the control processing OEID chip on the same OEID chip.
  • the photocell, the light emitting receiver, and the control processing OEID chip are integrated in On the same OEID chip.
  • control processing OEID chip includes a power management module, wherein the power management module is configured to store the photoelectrically converted electrical energy through a capacitor of the power management module, and the stored electrical energy is the light The transmit receiver and the control process the OEID chip for power.
  • control processing OEID chip includes a micro control module, wherein the micro control module includes a micro control unit; wherein the control processing OEID chip is used to control the light emitting receiver to be at a transmitter or a receiver The status is to transmit or receive data, and to manage and store data.
  • the method includes: converting, by the photocell, the received light energy into electrical energy to the power management module and the light emitting receiver, and converting the optical signal into electricity after the optical transmitting receiver receives the optical signal Transmitting a signal to the micro control unit, the micro control unit notifying the power management module to adjust the optical transceiver to a state of the optical transmitter after the electrical signal is processed, and storing and managing the data
  • the micro control unit issues an instruction to the light emitting receiver, and the light emitting receiver transmits according to the command
  • the micro control unit controls the power management module to adjust the state of the optical transceiver to the optical receiver, wherein the reply signal is data stored by the storage unit or information of an existing state.
  • an optical reader/writer which can be used as a wireless power supply in a passive photoelectric tag system, the optical reader/writer including: light emission And a control chip; wherein the optical transmitter is configured to transmit a downlink data signal by transmitting pulsed light, and to wirelessly power the passive optical tag by transmitting continuous light; the optical receiver is configured to receive An uplink data signal transmitted by the photoelectric tag; the control chip is configured to process the downlink data signal and process the received uplink data signal.
  • control chip is configured to receive an instruction to read and write a passive optical tag, where the command includes at least one of the following: setting an identity ID and setting information of the location information to the blank passive optical tag, a read instruction for reading information in the passive photoelectric tag, a modification command for modifying information in the passive photoelectric tag; the control chip is configured to process data of the passive photoelectric tag according to the instruction .
  • a passive photoelectric identification system includes: a passive photoelectric tag and an optical reader/writer;
  • the passive photoelectric tag includes: a photo cell, a light emitting receiver, and a control processing photoelectric Identifying an OEID chip, wherein the photovoltaic cell is configured to power the light emitting receiver and the control processing OEID chip;
  • the control processing OEID chip is configured to control a state of the light emitting receiver at a transmitter or a receiver Performing uplink data transmission or receiving downlink data, and managing and storing data of the passive optical tag;
  • the light emitting receiver is configured to transmit or receive an optical signal, wherein the optical transmitting receiver is a light emitter And an optical receiver comprising: a light emitter, a light receiver, and a control chip, wherein the light emitter is configured to transmit the downward direction to the passive photoelectric tag by transmitting pulsed light Data a signal;
  • the optical receiver is configured to receive a data signal transmitted by the passive optical tag; and the control chip is configured to process
  • an information exchange method for information exchange between a passive photoelectric tag and an optical reader/writer in a passive photoelectric tag system in which a passive photoelectric tag enters After the working state, the optical reader/writer issues an inquiry command to the passive photoelectric tag; after the passive photoelectric tag receives the inquiry command, the light emitting and receiving in the passive photoelectric tag Adjusting the state of the optical transmitter to the optical transceiver, and transmitting the identity information or status of the passive optical tag to the optical reader/writer, and adjusting the optical transceiver to the state of the optical receiver after the transmission is completed; The optical reader/writer verifies the identity information, and in the case of passing the verification, feeds back an information exchange completion message to the passive photoelectric tag.
  • the optical reader/writer transmits identity information assigned to the passive photoelectric tag to the passive photoelectric tag; the passive photoelectric tag is received After the identity information is assigned by the passive optical tag, the optical transceiver is adjusted to the state of the optical transmitter, and the current identity information of the passive optical tag is sent to the optical reader for verification.
  • an information exchange apparatus comprising: an optical reader/writer for invoking an inquiry to the passive photoelectric tag after the passive photoelectric tag enters a working state a passive photoelectric tag, configured to adjust a light emitting receiver in the passive optical tag to a state of the light emitter after receiving the query command, and to identify the identity of the passive optical tag Sending to the optical reader/writer, after the transmission is completed, adjusting the optical transceiver to the state of the optical receiver; the optical reader/writer is further configured to verify the identity information, and the verification is performed. And feeding back an information exchange completion message to the passive photoelectric tag.
  • the optical reader/writer is further configured to: send the identity information allocated for the passive photoelectric tag to the passive photoelectric tag if the identity information is empty; the passive photoelectric tag And being further configured to: after receiving the identity information assigned by the passive optical tag, adjust the optical transceiver to a state of the optical transmitter, and send current identity information of the passive optical tag to the optical reading. The writer is verified.
  • a passive optical tag includes: a photo cell, a light emitting receiver, and a control processing photoelectric identification OEID chip; wherein the photo cell is used to process the OEID chip for the light emitting receiver and the control Powering; the control processing OEID chip for controlling the light emitting receiver to be in a state of a transmitter or a receiver for transmitting or receiving data; the light emitting receiver for transmitting or receiving an optical signal, wherein the light
  • the transmitting receiver is a device combining the optical transmitter and the optical receiver.
  • the optical transmitting receiver is made by CMOS technology, and can be directly integrated with the OEID chip also made by CMOS technology, and is also used for final use.
  • CMOS technology has made it possible to integrate all devices such as photovoltaic cells into a single OEID tag chip, which solves the problem of large size and high cost of RFID tags in related art, thereby reducing the size of the tag, facilitating mass production and reducing costs. Provides a basis for feasibility.
  • FIG. 1 is a basic schematic diagram of a passive RFID tag in the related art
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an information exchange method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a basic schematic diagram of a passive optical tag in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the basic structure of a read/write head of an OEID according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a basic structural block diagram of an OEID tag according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a unit component structure of an OEID chip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram 2 of a unit component structure of an OEID chip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the basic structure of a single-chip OEID tag chip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a flow chart of communication between an optical pickup and a tag in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a passive optical tag including: a photo cell, a light emitting receiver, and a control processing photoelectric identification OEID chip; wherein the photo cell is used to supply power to the optical transmitting receiver and the control processing OEID chip; Control processing OEID chip for controlling the state of the light emitting receiver in the transmitter or receiver for transmitting or receiving data, and managing and storing data; the light emitting receiver is configured to transmit or receive an optical signal, wherein A light emitting receiver is a device in which a light emitter and a light receiver are combined.
  • the optical transceiver is integrated with the control processing OEID chip on the same OEID chip.
  • the photocell, the light emitting receiver, and the control processing OEID chip are integrated on the same OEID chip.
  • the above-mentioned control processing OEID chip includes a power management module, wherein the power management module is configured to store the photoelectrically converted electrical energy through a capacitor of the power management module, and the stored electrical energy is the optical emission receiver and the control processing OEID Chip powered.
  • the above-mentioned control processing OEID chip includes a micro control module, wherein the micro control module includes a micro control unit; wherein the control processing OEID chip is used to control the light emitting receiver to be in a state of a transmitter or a receiver for data transmission or Receiving, and managing and storing the data, comprising: converting, by the photocell, the received light energy into electrical energy to the power management module and the optical transceiver, after the optical transceiver receives the optical signal, The optical signal is converted into an electrical signal and transmitted to the micro control unit. After the electrical signal is processed, the micro control unit notifies the power management module to adjust the optical transmitter to the state of the optical transmitter, and stores and manages the data.
  • the micro control unit After receiving a reply to complete the state of adjusting the light emitting receiver to the light emitter, the micro control unit issues an instruction to the light emitting receiver, after the light emitting receiver sends a reply signal according to the command Control unit controls a state in which the power management module adjusts the light emitting receiver back to the light receiver, wherein
  • a data signal multiplexed information storage unit stores the data or a tag status, i.e., the reply signal may be stored may be simple status reply, such as: ID information is blank or the like has been received or end.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides an optical reader/writer, which can be used as a wireless power supply in a passive photoelectric tag system, the optical reader/writer comprising: a light emitter, a light receiver and a control chip Wherein the light emitter is used to charge the OEID tag by transmitting continuous light, and can also be used to transmit pulsed light to transmit a downlink data signal; the light receiver is configured to receive an uplink data signal transmitted by the photoelectric tag; The downlink data signal is transmitted, and the received uplink data signal is processed.
  • the optical reader/writer comprising: a light emitter, a light receiver and a control chip
  • the light emitter is used to charge the OEID tag by transmitting continuous light, and can also be used to transmit pulsed light to transmit a downlink data signal
  • the light receiver is configured to receive an uplink data signal transmitted by the photoelectric tag
  • the downlink data signal is transmitted, and the received uplink data signal is processed.
  • the control chip is configured to receive an instruction for reading and writing a passive optical tag, where the command includes at least one of the following: setting an identity ID and a position information setting instruction for the blank passive optical tag, and the passive photoelectric tag
  • the read instruction in the information is read, and the modified instruction is modified on the information in the passive photoelectric tag; the control chip is configured to process the data of the passive photoelectric tag according to the instruction.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a passive photoelectric identification system, comprising: a passive photoelectric tag and an optical reader/writer;
  • the passive photoelectric tag comprises: a photocell, a light emitting receiver, and a control processing photoelectric identifier OEID chip, wherein The photocell is configured to supply power to the optical transmitting receiver and the control processing OEID chip;
  • the control processing OEID chip is configured to control the optical transmitting receiver to be in a state of a transmitter or a receiver for transmitting or receiving downlink data of uplink data, and Managing and storing data of the passive optical tag;
  • the optical transmitting receiver is configured to transmit or receive an optical signal, wherein the optical transmitting receiver is a device in which the optical transmitter and the optical receiver are combined into one;
  • the optical reading The writer includes: a light emitter, a light receiver, and a control chip, wherein the light emitter is configured to transmit a downlink data signal to the passive photoelectric tag by transmitting pulsed light; the light receiver is configured to receive
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides an information exchange method for information exchange between a passive photoelectric tag and a photoelectric reader in a passive photoelectric tag system
  • FIG. 2 is an information exchange method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the flow chart, as shown in Figure 2 includes the following steps:
  • Step S202 after the passive photoelectric tag enters the working state, the optical reader/writer sends the passive photoelectric tag to the passive photoelectric tag. Inquire about the inquiry;
  • Step S204 after the passive optical tag receives the inquiry command, adjust the optical transceiver in the passive optical tag to the state of the optical transmitter, and send the identity information of the passive optical tag to the photoelectric
  • the reader/writer after the transmission is completed, adjusts the light emitting receiver to the state of the optical receiver
  • step S206 the optical reader/writer verifies the identity information, and in the case of passing the verification, the information exchange completion message is fed back to the passive photoelectric tag.
  • the optical reader/writer transmits identity information assigned to the passive optical tag to the passive optical tag; the passive optical tag is received After the identity information is assigned by the passive optical tag, the optical transceiver is adjusted to the state of the optical transmitter, and the current identity information of the passive optical tag is sent to the optical reader for verification.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides an information exchange device, comprising: an optical reader/writer for issuing an inquiry command to the passive photoelectric tag after the passive photoelectric tag enters the working state; the passive photoelectric tag is used for After receiving the inquiry command, the optical transceiver in the passive photoelectric tag is adjusted to the state of the light emitter, and the identity information of the passive photoelectric tag is sent to the optical reader, and after the transmission is completed, the light is transmitted and received.
  • the device is adjusted to the state of the optical receiver; the optical reader/writer is also used for verifying the identity information, and in the case of verification, the information exchange completion message is fed back to the passive photoelectric tag.
  • the optical reader/writer is further configured to send the identity information allocated for the passive photoelectric tag to the passive photoelectric tag when the identity information is empty; the passive photoelectric tag is also used to receive the passive photoelectric tag After the assigned identity information, the optical transceiver is adjusted to the state of the optical transmitter, and the current identity information of the passive optical tag is sent to the optical reader for verification.
  • the optional embodiment proposes a non-contact passive photoelectric tag system, which uses photocell technology to charge the OEID tag, and uses optical wireless technology to read and recognize the optical tag, thereby satisfying the tag passive, and Non-contact read and write intelligent ODN label requirements.
  • the passive photoelectric tag system in the alternative embodiment is composed of an optical read/write head and a passive optical tag.
  • FIG. 3 is a basic schematic diagram of a passive optical tag according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG.
  • the head is composed of a light emitter, a light receiver and a control chip.
  • the reading and writing of the label information is initiated by the control chip in the optical head.
  • the optical label mainly stores information such as identity or location. It is given by the head, and can also be modified by the head.
  • the power of the photoelectric tag is converted by the photocell through the light, and can be charged by the optical head or by the external light source. Charge it.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the basic structure of an OEID read/write head according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, OEID
  • the head is an active device consisting of three modules: a light emitter, a light receiver, and a micro control processing chip.
  • the optical tag can be charged by the light emitter, or the pulsed light can be transmitted to the optical tag to transmit a corresponding data signal, and the optical receiver receives the data signal transmitted by the optical tag.
  • the function of the light emitter is to send a downlink data signal to the optical label, and also to charge the optical label.
  • the LED is mainly; and the optical receiver functions to receive the uplink data signal sent by the optical label;
  • the control processing chip can receive external commands, initiate reading and writing of optical tags, and can give information such as identity, location, etc. to blank optical tags, and can also read and compare tags of existing information, and can also correspondingly perform tags. After the information is modified, the last read/write head stores the relevant information, and can also be transmitted to the network management or control center through the network for storage.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the basic structure of an OEID tag according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the OEID tag is composed of a photocell, a light emitting receiver, and a control and processing OEID chip, and processes the data signal while controlling the light emitter.
  • the working status and the corresponding information is transmitted to the optical tag.
  • the photocell receives the light from the optical head or other external light source and converts it into electrical power to the power management module and the light emitting receiver in the OEID chip, and the optical transceiver receives the signal and transmits it to the OEID chip.
  • the micro control unit after the signal is processed, the micro control unit notifies the power management module to adjust the light emitting receiver to the state of the light emitter.
  • the micro control unit issues an instruction to the light emitting receiver.
  • the optical transmitting receiver sends a reply signal, and after the signal is sent, the control chip is notified, and then the power management module adjusts the electrical switch to adjust the optical transmitting receiver back to the optical receiver, waiting for the optical reading head to be next time. signal.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a unit component structure of an OEID chip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the module is composed of two modules, a power management module and a micro control module.
  • the main function of the power management module is to convert the photocell.
  • the electricity is stored by its own capacitor, and the micro-control module and the light-emitting receiver are stably powered.
  • the voltage of the light-emitting receiver is controlled by its own power switch to make it The state of the light emitter or light receiver.
  • the photocell converts the received light into electricity to the power management module.
  • the power management module stores the electrical energy on its built-in capacitor and supplies power to the optical transmitter and the micro-control processor.
  • the micro-control manager controls the positive and negative power supply of the power management module to the light-emitting receiver
  • the light-emitting receiver is a device in which the light emitter and the light receiver are combined
  • the positive and negative polarity of the power supply voltage determines Whether it is a device such as: a forward voltage acts on the light emitting receiver and becomes a light emitter, and a reverse voltage acts on the light emitting receiver to become a light receiver, and some light emitting receivers are positive and negative.
  • Sexual induction is just the opposite.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the structure of a unit component of an OEID chip according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, it is composed of three modules, a power management module, a micro control module, and a light emitting receiver. These three modules integrate all the modules together in CMOS technology.
  • the main function of the power management module is to store the electricity converted from the photovoltaic cell through its own capacitor, and then stably supply the micro control module and the light emission receiving module, and control the light through its own power switch.
  • the voltage of the transmitting receiver is positive or negative, making it in the state of the light emitter or the light receiver.
  • OEID chip is through CMOS
  • the technology integrates the power management module and the micro control module, wherein the power management module includes a micro power switch that will provide a forward or reverse voltage to the light emitting receiver according to the micro control processing module, causing it to become a light emission Or a light receiver; and the micro control module comprises a control management unit, a signal transmission or signal receiving processing unit and an ID information storage unit.
  • the OEID chip also integrates the light emitting receivers through CMOS technology.
  • the OEID tag is placed on the optical connector, and the head is placed above the tag.
  • the optical connector When the optical connector is inserted into the connector box, it indicates that the fiber is already connected, and the tag is just below the head.
  • the advantage of this is that the chip is further reduced in size, power consumption is further reduced, mass production is facilitated, assembly is facilitated, and production costs are reduced.
  • the optical transmitter receiver Since the optical transmitter receiver is the same device, under normal circumstances, its working state is an optical receiver. Only after receiving the micro control module command, the power management module turns the optical transceiver into a light transmitter, once the transmission task is completed. The power management module automatically changes the optical transceiver to the state of the optical receiver.
  • the photoelectric tag is passive.
  • the optical head is illuminated to charge the photoelectric tag, or the external tag is used to charge the photoelectric tag, and then the optical head sends a corresponding command to the photoelectric tag.
  • the photoelectric tag passes the self.
  • the optical transmitter transmits a corresponding reply, and the read/write head processes the response after receiving the reply. If the information is sufficient, the optical tag is notified to be received and ends; if the information is insufficient, the read/write head then issues an inquiry command, and the photoelectric tag is in accordance with the request. Send a reply again until the head is satisfied.
  • the head is not in contact with the photoelectric tag, but the distance is very short, generally limited to a short distance, and the data transmission is carried out by optical wireless communication point-to-point (P2P) technology.
  • P2P optical wireless communication point-to-point
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a basic structure of a single-chip OEID tag chip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the OEID tag chip includes: a solar cell, a power management unit, an electric energy storage unit, an ID information storage unit, a control management unit, and a signal. Transmitting unit/signal processing unit and light emitting receiver.
  • the OEID tag chip integrates all the tag modules such as solar cells and OEID chips through CMOS technology, and the order of integration can be determined according to the CMOS process.
  • the monolithically integrated OEID tag chip is smaller, more reliable, lower cost, and easy to mass produce.
  • the method includes: first, a read/write head receives an instruction from a network management or a control center to read and write a tag, and controls a chip. Start the read and write process, first charge the optical tag, then the read/write head issues an inquiry command to the tag, such as the status of the tag. After receiving the information, the label adjusts the optical transmitter to the state of the optical transmitter, and sends the current status information of the label, such as blank or existing identity information. After the transmission is completed, the optical transceiver returns to the state of the optical receiver. .
  • the read/write header assigns an identity information to the tag; if the correct identity information is already present, the read/write header requests the tag to report the identity information.
  • the optical transmitter receiver is adjusted to the state of the optical transmitter, and the current identity of the tag is transmitted. After the transmission is completed, the optical transmitter receiver returns to the state of the optical receiver. The head verifies the identity information.
  • the head re-assigns the tag to the new identity information, and then the reader re-evaluates the message if it is not satisfied, and repeats; if the feedback information meets the requirements, Then, the head is issued, and the instruction of "End” is issued; after the label is received, thank you for the instruction, the light emitting receiver is adjusted to the state of the light emitter, and the information of "End, Confirm” is sent, and after the transmission is completed, the light is emitted. The receiver returns to the state of the optical receiver. After the head receives the message of "End, Confirm", the dialogue ends.
  • this process of reading and writing is a half-duplex way, that is, the uplink or downlink of information transmission cannot be performed at the same time, because the light-emitting receiver of the tag cannot simultaneously perform light emission and light reception, and each time it can only be in one state. That is, the state of the light emitter or the state of the light receiver.
  • the optical transceiver is in the state of the optical receiver. Only when the micro control module needs to send uplink information, the optical transceiver needs to be adjusted to the state of the optical transmitter, and then the instruction for transmitting the uplink information can be executed. After the transmission is completed, the optical transmitter receiver returns to the state of the optical receiver, and waits for receiving the downlink information of the read/write head.
  • the optical tag is charged by the optical head or the peripheral light source, and then the tag is read and written by the optical wireless transmission technology, and the optical tag has an editable and reusable function.
  • modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented by a general-purpose computing device that can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. Alternatively, they may be implemented by program code executable by the computing device such that they may be stored in the storage device for execution by the computing device and, in some cases, may be performed differently than herein.
  • the steps shown or described are either made separately into individual integrated circuit modules, or a plurality of modules or steps are fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
  • the above embodiments of the present invention can be applied to the field of communication, and solve the problems of large size and high cost of the RFID tag in the related art, thereby providing a feasible basis for reducing the volume of the label, facilitating mass production and reducing the cost.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种无源光电标签、光电读写器及无源光电标识系统，其中，无源光电标签包括：光电池、光发射接收器和控制处理光电标识OEID芯片；其中，所述光电池用于为所述光发射接收器和所述控制处理OEID芯片供电；所述控制处理OEID芯片用于控制所述光发射接收器处于发射器或接收器的状态进行数据的发射或接收；所述光发射接收器用于发射或接收光信号，其中，所述光发射接收器是光发射器和光接收器合二为一的器件，解决了相关技术中RFID标签面积较大和成本较高的问题，从而为减小标签体积，方便大规模生产和降低成本提供了可行性基础。

Description

无源光电标签、光电读写器及无源光电标识系统 技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域，具体而言，涉及一种无源光电标签、光电读写器及无源光电标识系统。
背景技术
随着物联网的飞速发展，以及现代社会的生产力大幅提高，产品及服务极大丰富，特别对流通以及支付领域提出了快速、便捷的需求，这就要求有一个快速、方便、准确的以及低成本的标签识别技术，考虑到节能环保的要求标签可编辑也成为基本需求。目前能满足其要求的是标签识别技术是RFID技术，它具有非接触、标签无源以及标签ID信息可编辑的特点，如图1所示，但是由于它使用无线射频进行传输，因此也具有射频的一些弱点，如：对电磁辐射场所以及对金属的器件敏感，不能正常工作，同时RFID标签由于天线的缘故，不能做到太小，因此RFID标识在许多地方的工作受限。
鉴于此，我们需要找到一种可能使得标签还是保持非接触式、可编辑的读写，同时也能满足在多种情况下能正常工作的其他标签的读写技术。
针对相关技术中RFID标签面积较大和成本较高的问题，目前尚未提出有效的解决方案。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种无源光电标签、光电读写器及无源光电标识系统，以至少解决相关技术中RFID标签面积较大和成本较高的问题。
根据本发明实施例的一个方面，提供了一种无源光电标签，包括：光电池、光发射接收器和控制处理光电标识(Optoelectronics Identification，简称为OEID)芯片；其中，所述光电池用于为所述光发射接收器和所述控制处理OEID芯片供电；所述控制处理OEID芯片用于控制所述光发射接收器处于发射器或接收器的状态进行数据的发射或接收，以及对数据进行管理和存储；所述光发射接收器用于发射或接收光信号，其中，所述光发射接收器是光发射器和光接收器合二为一的器件。
进一步地，所述光发射接收器与所述控制处理OEID芯片集成在同一OEID芯片上。
进一步地，所述光电池、所述光发射接收器以及所述控制处理OEID芯片集成在 同一OEID芯片上。
进一步地，所述控制处理OEID芯片包括电源管理模块，其中，所述电源管理模块用于将所述光电池转换的电能通过所述电源管理模块的电容器储存，通过储存的所述电能为所述光发射接收器和所述控制处理OEID芯片供电。
进一步地，所述控制处理OEID芯片包括微控制模块，其中，所述微控制模块包括微控制单元；其中，所述控制处理OEID芯片用于控制所述光发射接收器处于发射器或接收器的状态进行数据的发射或接收，以及对数据进行管理和存储。包括：所述光电池将接收到的光能转换为电能传送给所述电源管理模块和所述光发射接收器，在所述光发射接收器接收到光信号之后，将所述光信号转化为电信号传送给所述微控制单元，所述微控制单元在所述电信号被处理后通知所述电源管理模块将所述光发射接收器调整为光发射器的状态，以及对数据进行存储和管理；在接收到完成将所述光发射接收器调整为光发射器的状态的回复后，所述微控制单元给所述光发射接收器发出指令，在所述光发射接收器根据所述指令发送回复信号后所述微控制单元控制所述电源管理模块将所述光发射接收器调回到光接收器的状态，其中，所述回复信号为存储单元存储的数据或现有状态的信息。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面，提供了一种光电读写器，所述光电读写器可以做为为无源光电标签系统中的无线供电方，所述光学读写器包括：光发射器、光接收器和控制芯片；其中，所述光发射器用于通过发射脉冲光来传递下行数据信号，以及通过发射连续光对所述无源光电标签进行无线供电；所述光接收器用于接收光电标签发射的上行数据信号；所述控制芯片用于对发射下行数据信号，以及对接收到的所述上行数据信号进行处理。
进一步地，所述控制芯片用于接收对无源光电标签进行读写的指令，其中，所述指令包括以下至少之一：对空白无源光电标签设置身份标识ID、位置信息的设置指令，对无源光电标签中的信息进行读取的读取指令，对无源光电标签中的信息进行修改的修改指令；所述控制芯片用于根据所述指令对所述无源光电标签的数据进行处理。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面，提供了一种无源光电标识系统，包括：无源光电标签和光学读写器；所述无源光电标签包括：光电池、光发射接收器和控制处理光电标识OEID芯片，其中，所述光电池用于为所述光发射接收器和所述控制处理OEID芯片供电；所述控制处理OEID芯片用于控制所述光发射接收器处于发射器或接收器的状态进行上行数据的发射或接收下行数据，以及对所述无源光电标签的数据进行管理和存储；所述光发射接收器用于发射或接收光信号，其中，所述光发射接收器是光发射器和光接收器合二为一的器件；所述光学读写器包括：光发射器、光接收器和控制芯片，其中，所述光发射器用于通过发射脉冲光向所述无源光电标签传递下行数据 信号；所述光接收器用于接收所述无源光电标签发射的数据信号；所述控制芯片用于对接收到的所述数据信号进行处理。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面，提供了一种信息交换方法，所述方法用于无源光电标签系统中无源光电标签与光电读写器之间的信息交换，在无源光电标签进入工作状态后，所述光电读写器向所述无源光电标签发出问询指令；在所述无源光电标签接收到所述问询指令之后，将所述无源光电标签中的光发射接收器调整到光发射器的状态，将所述无源光电标签的身份信息或状态发送给所述光电读写器，发送完毕后，将所述光发射接收器调整到光接收器的状态；所述光电读写器对所述身份信息进行验证，在通过验证的情况下，向所述无源光电标签反馈信息交换完成消息。
进一步地，在所述身份信息为空的情况下，所述光电读写器将为所述无源光电标签分配的身份信息发送给所述无源光电标签；所述无源光电标签在接收到所述无源光电标签分配的身份信息之后，将所述光发射接收器调整到光发射器的状态，将所述无源光电标签的当前身份信息发送给所述光电读写器进行验证。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面，提供了一种信息交换装置，所述装置包括：光电读写器，用于在无源光电标签进入工作状态后，向所述无源光电标签发出问询指令；无源光电标签，用于在接收到所述问询指令之后，将所述无源光电标签中的光发射接收器调整到光发射器的状态，将所述无源光电标签的身份信息发送给所述光电读写器，发送完毕后，将所述光发射接收器调整到光接收器的状态；所述光电读写器还用于对所述身份信息进行验证，在通过验证的情况下，向所述无源光电标签反馈信息交换完成消息。
进一步地，所述光电读写器还用于在所述身份信息为空的情况下，将为所述无源光电标签分配的身份信息发送给所述无源光电标签；所述无源光电标签还用于在接收到所述无源光电标签分配的身份信息之后，将所述光发射接收器调整到光发射器的状态，将所述无源光电标签的当前身份信息发送给所述光电读写器进行验证。
通过本发明实施例，一种无源光电标签，包括：光电池、光发射接收器和控制处理光电标识OEID芯片；其中，所述光电池用于为所述光发射接收器和所述控制处理OEID芯片供电；所述控制处理OEID芯片用于控制所述光发射接收器处于发射器或接收器的状态进行数据的发射或接收；所述光发射接收器用于发射或接收光信号，其中，所述光发射接收器是光发射器和光接收器合二为一的器件，光发射接收器是用CMOS技术制成的，它可以与同样由CMOS技术制成的OEID芯片直接集成在一起，也为最终用CMOS技术将光电池等所有的器件集成为单片OEID标签芯片提供了可能，这解决了相关技术中RFID标签体积较大和成本较高的问题，从而为减小标签体积，方便大规模生产和降低成本提供了可行性基础。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明实施例的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1是相关技术中的无源RFID标签的基本示意图；
图2是根据本发明实施例的信息交换方法的流程图；
图3根据本发明实施例的无源光电标签的基本示意图；
图4根据本发明实施例的OEID的读写头的基本结构框图；
图5根据本发明实施例的OEID标签的基本结构框图；
图6根据本发明实施例的OEID芯片的单元组件结构框图一；
图7根据本发明实施例的OEID芯片的单元组件结构框图二；
图8根据本发明实施例的单片OEID标签芯片的基本结构框图；
图9是根据本发明实施例的光读写头与标签之间通讯的流程图。
具体实施方式
下文中将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
本实施例中提供了一种无源光电标签，包括：光电池、光发射接收器和控制处理光电标识OEID芯片；其中，该光电池用于为该光发射接收器和该控制处理OEID芯片供电；该控制处理OEID芯片用于控制该光发射接收器处于发射器或接收器的状态进行数据的发射或接收，以及对数据进行管理和存储；该光发射接收器用于发射或接收光信号，其中，该光发射接收器是光发射器和光接收器合二为一的器件。
为了减小无源标签占用的面积以及功耗，将该光发射接收器与该控制处理OEID芯片集成在同一OEID芯片上。在一个更优的实施例中，将该光电池、该光发射接收器以及该控制处理OEID芯片集成在同一OEID芯片上。
上述的控制处理OEID芯片包括电源管理模块，其中，该电源管理模块用于将该光电池转换的电能通过该电源管理模块的电容器储存，通过储存的该电能为该光发射接收器和该控制处理OEID芯片供电。
上述的控制处理OEID芯片包括微控制模块，其中，该微控制模块包括微控制单元；其中，该控制处理OEID芯片用于控制该光发射接收器处于发射器或接收器的状态进行数据的发射或接收，以及对数据进行管理和存储，包括：该光电池将接收到的光能转换为电能传送给该电源管理模块和该光发射接收器，在该光发射接收器接收到光信号之后，将该光信号转化为电信号传送给该微控制单元，该微控制单元在该电信号被处理后通知该电源管理模块将该光发射接收器调整为光发射器的状态，以及对数据进行存储和管理；在接收到完成将该光发射接收器调整为光发射器的状态的回复后，该微控制单元给该光发射接收器发出指令，在该光发射接收器根据该指令发送回复信号后该微控制单元控制该电源管理模块将该光发射接收器调回到光接收器的状态，其中，所述回复信号为存储单元存储的数据或标签状态的信息，即回复信号可以是所存储的数据也可以是简单的状态回复，如：ID信息是空白或已有，收到或结束等。
本发明实施例还提供了一种光电读写器，该光电读写器可以做为无源光电标签系统中的无线供电方，该光学读写器包括：光发射器、光接收器和控制芯片；其中，该光发射器用于通过发射连续光来给OEID标签充电，也可以用于发射脉冲光来传递下行数据信号；该光接收器用于接收由光电标签发射的上行数据信号；该控制芯片用于发射下行数据信号，以及对接收到的上行数据信号进行处理。
上述的控制芯片用于接收对无源光电标签进行读写的指令，其中，该指令包括以下至少之一：对空白无源光电标签设置身份标识ID、位置信息的设置指令，对无源光电标签中的信息进行读取的读取指令，对无源光电标签中的信息进行修改的修改指令；该控制芯片用于根据该指令对该无源光电标签的数据进行处理。
本发明实施例还提供了一种无源光电标识系统，包括：无源光电标签和光学读写器；该无源光电标签包括：光电池、光发射接收器和控制处理光电标识OEID芯片，其中，该光电池用于为该光发射接收器和该控制处理OEID芯片供电；该控制处理OEID芯片用于控制该光发射接收器处于发射器或接收器的状态进行上行数据的发射或接收下行数据，以及对所述无源光电标签的数据进行管理和存储；该光发射接收器用于发射或接收光信号，其中，该光发射接收器是光发射器和光接收器合二为一的器件；该光学读写器包括：光发射器、光接收器和控制芯片，其中，该光发射器用于通过发射脉冲光向该无源光电标签传递下行数据信号；该光接收器用于接收该无源光电标签发射的数据信号；该控制芯片用于对接收到的该数据信号进行处理。
本发明实施例还提供了一种信息交换方法，该方法用于无源光电标签系统中无源光电标签与光电读写器之间的信息交换，图2是根据本发明实施例的信息交换方法的流程图，如图2所示，包括以下步骤：
步骤S202，在无源光电标签进入工作状态后，该光电读写器向该无源光电标签发 出问询指令；
步骤S204，在该无源光电标签接收到该问询指令之后，将该无源光电标签中的光发射接收器调整到光发射器的状态，将该无源光电标签的身份信息发送给该光电读写器，发送完毕后，将该光发射接收器调整到光接收器的状态；
步骤S206，该光电读写器对该身份信息进行验证，在通过验证的情况下，向该无源光电标签反馈信息交换完成消息。
在一个可选实施例中，在该身份信息为空的情况下，该光电读写器将为该无源光电标签分配的身份信息发送给该无源光电标签；该无源光电标签在接收到该无源光电标签分配的身份信息之后，将该光发射接收器调整到光发射器的状态，将该无源光电标签的当前身份信息发送给该光电读写器进行验证。
本发明实施例还提供了一种信息交换装置，装置包括：光电读写器，用于在无源光电标签进入工作状态后，向无源光电标签发出问询指令；无源光电标签，用于在接收到问询指令之后，将无源光电标签中的光发射接收器调整到光发射器的状态，将无源光电标签的身份信息发送给光电读写器，发送完毕后，将光发射接收器调整到光接收器的状态；光电读写器还用于对身份信息进行验证，在通过验证的情况下，向无源光电标签反馈信息交换完成消息。
进一步地，光电读写器还用于在身份信息为空的情况下，将为无源光电标签分配的身份信息发送给无源光电标签；无源光电标签还用于在接收到无源光电标签分配的身份信息之后，将光发射接收器调整到光发射器的状态，将无源光电标签的当前身份信息发送给光电读写器进行验证。
下面结合可选实施例对本发明实施例进行进一步说明。
本可选实施例提出了一种非接触式的无源光电标签系统，它使用光电池技术对OEID标签进行充电，以及采用光无线的技术对光标签进行阅读和识别，满足了标签无源，以及非接触式读写智能ODN标签的要求。
本可选实施例中的无源光电标签系统由一个光学读写头，以及一个无源光标签组成，图3根据本发明实施例的无源光电标签的基本示意图，如图3所示，光学读写头是由光发射器，光接收器以及控制芯片等模块组成，对标签信息进行读写是由光读写头中控制芯片的发起的，光标签主要存储身份或位置等信息，这些信息是由读写头赋予的，也可以由读写头对其进行修改，光电标签工作的电源是由其光电池通过光转换而来的，可以通过光读写头对其充电，也可以通过外界光源对其充电。
图4根据本发明实施例的OEID的读写头的基本结构框图，如图4所示，OEID的 读写头是一个有源设备，是由三个模块组成光发射器，光接收器以及微控制处理芯片。可以通过光发射器发射光给光标签充电，也可以发射脉冲光给光标签传递相应的数据信号，光接收器接收光标签发射的数据信号。其中，光发射器的作用是给发送下行数据信号给光标签，也可以给光标签充电，对于短距主要是LED；而光接收器的作用是接收由光标签发送过来的上行数据信号；最后控制处理芯片可以接收外部指令，启动对光标签的读写，对于空白的光电标签可以赋予其身份、位置等信息，也可以对已有信息的标签进行阅读和比对，还可以对标签进行相应信息的修改，最后读写头将相关信息存储起来，也可以通过网络传送给网管或控制中心保存。
图5根据本发明实施例的OEID标签的基本结构框图，如图5所示，OEID标签是由光电池，光发射接收器以及控制和处理OEID芯片组成，对数据信号进行处理，同时控制光发射器的工作状态以及发射相应的信息给光标签。其中，光电池接收光读写头或其他外部光源的光将其转换为电传送给OEID芯片中的电源管理模块以及光发射接收器，而光发射接收器接收到信号后，将其传送给OEID芯片的微控制单元，该信号被处理后，微控制单元通知电源管理模块将光发射接收器调整为光发射器的状态，收到回复已经调整完毕后，微控制单元给光发射接收器发出指令，根据控制芯片的要求，光发射接收器发送回复信号，信号发送完毕后通知控制芯片，而后电源管理模块调整电开关将光发射接收器调回到光接收器的状态，等待光读写头下一次信号。
图6根据本发明实施例的OEID芯片的单元组件结构框图一，如图6所示，是由两个模块组成，电源管理模块和微控制模块其中，电源管理模块的主要作用是将光电池转化过来的电通过其自身所带的电容器将其存储起来后，对微控制模块和光发射接收器进行稳定供电，同时通过其自带的电源开关控制对光发射接收器的电压的正负，使其处于光发射器或光接收器的状态。首先由光电池将接收的光转化为电给电源管理模块，电源管理模块将电能存储在其内置的电容器上，并给光发射接收器，以及微控制处理器供电。由微控制管理器控制电源管理模块对光发射接收器供电的正负性，而光发射接收器是光发射器与光接收器合而为一器件，对其供电电压的正负性决定了其是否为那种器件，如：正向电压作用于光发射接收器后变为光发射器，而反向电压作用于光发射接收器后变为光接收器，某些光发射接收器对正负性的感应正好相反。
图7根据本发明实施例的OEID芯片的单元组件结构框图二，如图7所示，由三个模块组成，电源管理模块、微控制模块以及光发射接收器。这三个模块通过CMOS技术将所有的模块集成在一起。其中电源管理模块的主要作用是将光电池转化过来的电通过其自身所带的电容器将其存储起来后，对微控制模块和光发射接收模块进行稳定供电，同时通过其自带的电源开关控制对光发射接收器的电压的正负，使其处于光发射器或光接收器的状态。由于这三个模块是集成在一个芯片上的，相对来说体积较小，每个模块通过最短距离进行连接，其功耗能降到最低。OEID芯片是通过CMOS 技术将电源管理模块以及微控制模块集成在一起，其中，电源管理模块包括一个微电源开关，它将根据微控制处理模块对光发射接收器提供正向或反向电压，使其变为光发射器或光接收器；而微控制模块包括控制管理单元，信号发射或信号接收处理单元以及ID信息存储单元组成。OEID芯片也可通过CMOS技术将光发射接收器也集成在一起。
将OEID标签安置在光学连接头上，读写头安置在标签上方，当光连接头插入连接盒时，表示该光纤已经处于连接的状态，而这时标签正好处于读写头的下方。这样做的好处是芯片的体积近一步缩小，功耗进一步减低，便于大规模生产，方便组装，降低了生产成本。由于光发射接收器为同一个器件，正常情况下，其工作状态是光接收器，只有收到微控制模块指令后，电源管理模块才使得光发射接收器变为光发射器，一旦发射任务完毕，电源管理模块自动将光发射接收器变为光接收器的状态。光电标签是无源的，首先由光读写头发光给光电标签充电，或通过外界光源给光电标签充电，然后由光读写头对光电标签发出相应的指令，光电标签接收指令后，通过自己光发射器发射相应的回复，读写头收到回复后对其进行处理，如果信息足够，就告知光电标签收到，结束；如果信息不充分，读写头再发出询问指令，光电标签根据要求再发出答复，一直到读写头满意为止。读写头与光电标签之间是不接触的，但相距很短，一般限制在很短距离以内，它们之间是通过光无线通讯点对点(P2P)技术进行数据传输的。
图8根据本发明实施例的单片OEID标签芯片的基本结构框图，如图8所示，OEID标签芯片包括：太阳能电池、电源管理单元、电能储存单元、ID信息储存单元、控制管理单元、信号发射单元/信号处理单元以及光发射接收器。OEID标签芯片是通过CMOS技术将太阳能电池，OEID芯片等所有的标签模块均集成在一起，其集成的顺序可以根据CMOS的工艺来确定。单片集成的OEID标签芯片，体积更小，可靠性更好，成本更低，容易大规模生产。
图9是根据本发明实施例的光读写头与标签之间通讯的流程图，如图9所示，包括：首先读写头接收到网管或控制中心的指令对标签进行读写，控制芯片开始启动读写过程，首先对光标签进行充电，然后读写头向标签发出问询指令，如：标签的状态。标签收到信息后，将光发射接收器调整到光发射器的状态，发送标签目前状态的信息，如：空白或已有身份信息，发送完毕后，光发射接收器恢复到光接收器的状态。如果读写头收到是空白身份信息，读写头分配一个身份信息给标签；如果是已有正确身份信息，读写头要求标签报出身份信息。标签收到信息后，将光发射接收器调整到光发射器的状态，发送标签目前身份的信息，发送完毕后，光发射接收器恢复到光接收器的状态。读写头对身份信息进行验证，如果不符合要求，读写头重新赋予标签新的身份信息，然后读写头对信息重新评估如果不满意，再重复；如果反馈的信息符合要求， 则读写头，发出：《结束》的指令；标签收到结束，谢谢指令后，将光发射接收器调整到光发射器的状态，发送《结束，确认》的信息，发送完毕后，光发射接收器恢复到光接收器的状态。读写头收到《结束，确认》的信息后，结束本次对话。
注意这个读写的过程是半双工的方式，即信息传输的上行或下行不能同时进行，这是因为标签的光发射接收器不能同时进行光发射和光接收，每次它只能处于一种状态，即光发射器的状态、或者光接收器的状态。在正常的情况下，光发射接收器是光接收器的状态，只有微控制模块需要发送上行信息时，需要将光发射接收器调整到光发射器的状态后，然后才能执行发送上行信息的指令，发送完毕后，光发射接收器回复到光接收器的状态，等待接收读写头下行信息。
本可选实施例通过光读写头或外围光源给光标签充电，然后通过光无线传输技术对标签进行读写，另外光标签具有可编辑，可重复使用的功能。
显然，本领域的技术人员应该明白，上述的本发明的各模块或各步骤可以用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上，或者分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上，可选地，它们可以用计算装置可执行的程序代码来实现，从而，可以将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来执行，并且在某些情况下，可以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤，或者将它们分别制作成各个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。这样，本发明不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件结合。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
工业实用性
上述的本发明实施例，可以应用于通讯领域，解决了相关技术中RFID标签体积较大和成本较高的问题，从而为减小标签体积，方便大规模生产和降低成本提供了可行性基础。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种无源光电标签，包括：光电池、光发射接收器和控制处理光电标识OEID芯片；
    其中，所述光电池用于为所述光发射接收器和所述控制处理OEID芯片供电；
    所述控制处理OEID芯片用于控制所述光发射接收器处于发射器或接收器的状态进行数据的发射或接收，以及对数据进行管理和存储；
    所述光发射接收器用于发射或接收光信号，其中，所述光发射接收器是光发射器和光接收器合二为一的器件。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无源光电标签，其中，所述光发射接收器与所述控制处理OEID芯片集成在同一OEID芯片上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的无源光电标签，其中，所述光电池、所述光发射接收器以及所述控制处理OEID芯片集成在同一OEID芯片上。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的无源光电标签，其中，所述控制处理OEID芯片包括电源管理模块，其中，所述电源管理模块用于将所述光电池转换的电能通过所述电源管理模块的电容器储存，通过储存的所述电能为所述光发射接收器和所述控制处理OEID芯片供电。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的无源光电标签，其中，所述控制处理OEID芯片包括微控制模块，其中，所述微控制模块包括微控制单元；
    其中，所述控制处理OEID芯片用于控制所述光发射接收器处于发射器或接收器的状态进行数据的发射或接收，以及对数据进行管理和存储，包括：
    所述光电池将接收到的光能转换为电能传送给所述电源管理模块和所述光发射接收器，在所述光发射接收器接收到所述光信号之后，将所述光信号转化为电信号传送给所述微控制单元，所述微控制单元在所述电信号被处理后通知所述电源管理模块将所述光发射接收器调整为光发射器的状态，以及对数据进行存储和管理；
    在接收到完成将所述光发射接收器调整为光发射器的状态的回复后，所述微控制单元给所述光发射接收器发出指令，在所述光发射接收器根据所述指令发送回复信号后所述微控制单元控制所述电源管理模块将所述光发射接收器调回到光接收器的状态，其中，所述回复信号为存储单元存储的数据或现有状态的信息。
  6. 一种光电读写器，所述光电读写器包括：光发射器、光接收器和控制芯片；
    其中，所述光发射器用于通过发射脉冲光来传递下行数据信号，以及通过发射连续光对无源光电标签进行无线供电；
    所述光接收器用于接收所述无源光电标签发射的上行数据信号；
    所述控制芯片用于对发射所述下行数据信号，以及对接收到的所述上行数据信号进行处理。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的光电读写器，其中，
    所述控制芯片用于接收对无源光电标签进行读写的指令，其中，所述指令包括以下至少之一：对空白无源光电标签设置身份标识ID、位置信息的设置指令，对无源光电标签中的信息进行读取的读取指令，对无源光电标签中的信息进行修改的修改指令；
    所述控制芯片用于根据所述指令对所述无源光电标签的数据进行处理。
  8. 一种无源光电标识系统，包括：无源光电标签和光学读写器；
    所述无源光电标签包括：光电池、光发射接收器和控制处理光电标识OEID芯片，其中，所述光电池用于为所述光发射接收器和所述控制处理OEID芯片供电；所述控制处理OEID芯片用于控制所述光发射接收器处于发射器或接收器的状态进行数据的发射或接收，以及对所述无源光电标签的数据进行管理和存储；所述光发射接收器用于发射或接收光信号，其中，所述光发射接收器是光发射器和光接收器合二为一的器件；
    所述光学读写器包括：光发射器、光接收器和控制芯片，其中，所述光发射器用于通过发射脉冲光向所述无源光电标签传递下行数据信号；所述光接收器用于接收所述无源光电标签发射的上行数据信号；所述控制芯片用于对接收到的所述数据信号进行处理，以及发射下行数据信号。
  9. 一种信息交换方法，所述方法用于无源光电标签系统中无源光电标签与光电读写器之间的信息交换，其中，所述方法包括：
    在无源光电标签进入工作状态后，所述光电读写器向所述无源光电标签发出问询指令；
    在所述无源光电标签接收到所述问询指令之后，将所述无源光电标签中的光发射接收器调整到光发射器的状态，将所述无源光电标签的身份信息发送给所述光电读写器，发送完毕后，将所述光发射接收器调整到光接收器的状态；
    所述光电读写器对所述身份信息进行验证，在通过验证的情况下，向所述无 源光电标签反馈信息交换完成消息。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，
    在所述身份信息为空的情况下，所述光电读写器将为所述无源光电标签分配的身份信息发送给所述无源光电标签；
    所述无源光电标签在接收到所述无源光电标签分配的身份信息之后，将所述光发射接收器调整到光发射器的状态，将所述无源光电标签的当前身份信息发送给所述光电读写器进行验证。
  11. 一种信息交换装置，所述装置包括：
    光电读写器，用于在无源光电标签进入工作状态后，向所述无源光电标签发出问询指令；
    无源光电标签，用于在接收到所述问询指令之后，将所述无源光电标签中的光发射接收器调整到光发射器的状态，将所述无源光电标签的身份信息发送给所述光电读写器，发送完毕后，将所述光发射接收器调整到光接收器的状态；
    所述光电读写器还用于对所述身份信息进行验证，在通过验证的情况下，向所述无源光电标签反馈信息交换完成消息。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置，其中，
    所述光电读写器还用于在所述身份信息为空的情况下，将为所述无源光电标签分配的身份信息发送给所述无源光电标签；
    所述无源光电标签还用于在接收到所述无源光电标签分配的身份信息之后，将所述光发射接收器调整到光发射器的状态，将所述无源光电标签的当前身份信息发送给所述光电读写器进行验证。
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