WO2016145875A1 - 一种实现小基站休眠的方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种实现小基站休眠的方法和装置 Download PDF

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WO2016145875A1
WO2016145875A1 PCT/CN2015/093700 CN2015093700W WO2016145875A1 WO 2016145875 A1 WO2016145875 A1 WO 2016145875A1 CN 2015093700 W CN2015093700 W CN 2015093700W WO 2016145875 A1 WO2016145875 A1 WO 2016145875A1
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base station
wireless network
heterogeneous wireless
user
calculating
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PCT/CN2015/093700
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张冬英
甘小莺
王绍鹏
李楠
陈思维
孙瑞佳
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2016145875A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016145875A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • This application relates to, but is not limited to, the field of wireless communications.
  • the interval setting time is used to calculate the number of users and the user distribution state of the cell corresponding to each base station; the index value of the cell corresponding to each base station is calculated according to the number of users of the cell and the user distribution state; and the obtained index values are in ascending order Arrange, the base station corresponding to the largest index value enters a sleep state at the beginning of the next time period.
  • This paper proposes a method and device for implementing small base station dormancy, which can reduce energy consumption and ensure service quality.
  • a method for implementing sleep of a small base station comprising:
  • the total revenue of the heterogeneous wireless network is calculated according to the transmit power of each base station in the heterogeneous wireless network and the cost loss of the heterogeneous wireless network;
  • the calculating the total revenue of the heterogeneous wireless network according to the transmit power of each base station in the heterogeneous wireless network and the cost loss of the heterogeneous wireless network includes:
  • the calculating, according to the transmit power of each base station in the heterogeneous wireless network, the total capacity of the heterogeneous wireless network includes:
  • the capacity of the user is calculated according to the transmit power of each base station, and the total capacity of the heterogeneous wireless network is calculated according to the capacity of each user.
  • the calculating the capacity of the user according to the transmit power of each base station includes: calculating, according to the transmit power of each base station, the signal power received by the user by each base station, and receiving each base station according to the calculation.
  • the signal power calculates the signal to noise ratio of the user, and calculates the capacity of the user based on the calculated signal to noise ratio.
  • the calculating, according to the transmit power of each base station, the signal power received by the user by each base station includes:
  • P represents the small base station
  • P P,t,r,i (a) is the user in the t-th period and the base station switching strategy a r receives the signal power of the i-th small base station
  • P P,t,i (a) is the transmit power of the i-th small base station in the t-th period and the base station switching strategy a
  • L P,t,r,i (a) is the large-scale path loss of the i-th small base station to the user r in the t-th period and the base station switching strategy a;
  • calculating the signal to noise ratio of the user according to the calculated signal power received by each base station includes:
  • SINR t,r (a) is a signal to noise ratio of the user r in the tth time period and the base station switching strategy a, For noise power;
  • the calculating the capacity of the user according to the calculated signal to noise ratio comprises:
  • SINR t,r (a) is the signal to noise ratio of the user r in the tth time period and the base station switching strategy a
  • C t,r (a) is in the tth time period
  • the capacity of the user r under the base station switching strategy a is the capacity of the user r under the base station switching strategy a.
  • the calculating the total capacity of the heterogeneous wireless network according to the capacity of each user includes:
  • calculating the total revenue of the heterogeneous wireless network according to the calculated total capacity and the cost loss of the heterogeneous wireless network includes:
  • R t (a) C t (a)- ⁇ E t (a); wherein R t (a) is the total of the heterogeneous wireless network in the tth time period The revenue, ⁇ is the cost loss impact factor, and E t (a) is the cost loss of the heterogeneous wireless network in the t-th period.
  • a device for implementing sleep of a small base station comprising:
  • the first acquiring module is configured to: obtain the number of small base stations in the heterogeneous wireless network, and determine all possible base station switching policies according to the obtained number of small base stations;
  • the calculation module is configured to: calculate, for each of the determined base station switching strategies, the total revenue of the heterogeneous wireless network according to the transmit power of each base station in the heterogeneous wireless network and the cost loss of the heterogeneous wireless network;
  • the second obtaining module is configured to: obtain an optimal base station switching policy according to the total revenue of the heterogeneous wireless network corresponding to each base station switching policy;
  • the control module is configured to: control the switch of the small base station according to the obtained optimal base station switching policy.
  • the computing module is configured to:
  • the computing module is configured to:
  • For each user in the heterogeneous wireless network calculate the capacity of the user according to the transmit power of each base station, calculate the total capacity of the heterogeneous wireless network according to the capacity of each user, and calculate the total capacity and the total
  • the cost loss of the heterogeneous wireless network is calculated as the total revenue of the heterogeneous wireless network.
  • the computing module is configured to:
  • the computing module is configured to:
  • t represents the time period
  • r represents the user
  • a is the base station switching policy
  • M represents the macro base station
  • P M, t, r (a) is in the t-th time period and the base station switching strategy a
  • the user r receives the signal power of the macro base station
  • P M,t (a) is the transmission power of the macro base station in the t-th period and the base station switching policy
  • L M,t,r (a) is in the t-th period and The large-scale path loss of the macro base station to the user r under the base station switching strategy
  • X ⁇ is a lognormal shadow
  • P represents the small base station
  • P P,t,r,i (a) is the user in the t-th period and the base station switching strategy a r receives the signal power of the i-th small base station
  • P P,t,i (a) is the transmit power of the i-th small base station in the t-th period and the base station switching strategy a
  • L P,t,r,i (a) is the large-scale path loss of the i-th small base station to the user r in the t-th period and the base station switching strategy a;
  • P P,t,r,i (a) is 0;
  • the computing module is configured to:
  • SINR t,r (a) is a signal to noise ratio of the user r in the tth time period and the base station switching strategy a, For noise power;
  • the computing module is configured to:
  • SINR t,r (a) is the signal to noise ratio of the user r in the tth time period and the base station switching strategy a
  • C t,r (a) is in the tth time period
  • the capacity of the user r under the base station switching strategy a is the capacity of the user r under the base station switching strategy a
  • the computing module is configured to:
  • each user in the heterogeneous wireless network calculate the capacity of the user according to the transmit power of each base station, according to the formula Calculating a total capacity of the heterogeneous wireless network; wherein C t (a) is a total capacity of the heterogeneous wireless network, and calculating the heterogeneous wireless network according to the calculated total capacity and the cost loss of the heterogeneous wireless network Total income.
  • the computing module is configured to:
  • the second obtaining module is configured to:
  • a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions for performing the method of any of the above.
  • the embodiment of the present invention includes: acquiring the number of small base stations in a heterogeneous wireless network According to the number of small base stations obtained, all possible base station switching strategies are determined; for each determined base station switching strategy, the heterogeneous wireless network is calculated according to the transmission power of each base station in the heterogeneous wireless network and the cost loss of the heterogeneous wireless network. The total revenue of the wireless network; obtaining the optimal base station switching strategy according to the total revenue of the heterogeneous wireless network corresponding to each base station switching policy, and controlling the small base station switching according to the obtained optimal base station switching policy.
  • the solution of the embodiment of the present invention obtains an optimal base station switching policy according to the total revenue of the heterogeneous wireless network corresponding to each base station switching policy, thereby reducing energy consumption, and the total revenue of the heterogeneous wireless network is based on each base station. Transmit power and cost loss are calculated to ensure quality of service.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for implementing sleep of a small base station according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a heterogeneous wireless network
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a topology network structure of a cell
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optimum base station switching strategy as a function of time when ⁇ is 2.7;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the total return of time according to the method of the embodiment of the present invention and the method of permanently turning on some small base stations when ⁇ is 2.7;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for implementing sleep of a small base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for implementing sleep of a small base station, including:
  • Step 100 Obtain the number of small base stations in the heterogeneous wireless network, and determine all possible base station switching policies according to the obtained number of small base stations.
  • the base station switching policy refers to a policy corresponding to the state in which all base stations in the heterogeneous wireless network are in an on or off state.
  • a base station switching strategy can be represented by an N-bit string, each character representing the state of a base station.
  • the state of the macro base station in the heterogeneous wireless network must be open, and the state of the small base station can be either on or off. Therefore, all possible base station switching strategies in the heterogeneous wireless network have a total of 2 N-1. Kind.
  • Step 101 Calculate the total revenue of the heterogeneous wireless network according to the transmit power of each base station in the heterogeneous wireless network and the cost loss of the heterogeneous wireless network for each base station switching policy.
  • calculating the total revenue of the heterogeneous wireless network according to the transmit power of each base station in the heterogeneous wireless network and the cost loss of the heterogeneous wireless network includes:
  • the total capacity of the heterogeneous wireless network is calculated according to the transmit power of each base station in the heterogeneous wireless network, including:
  • the capacity of the user is calculated according to the transmission power of each base station, and the total capacity of the heterogeneous wireless network is calculated according to the capacity of each user.
  • Calculating the capacity of the user according to the transmit power of each base station includes: calculating, according to the transmit power of each base station, the signal power received by the user, and calculating the signal noise of the user according to the calculated signal power of each base station received. Ratio, the user's capacity is calculated based on the calculated signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the calculation of the signal to noise ratio of the user according to the calculated signal power received by each base station includes:
  • SINR t,r (a) is the signal-to-noise ratio of the user r in the t-th period and the base station switching strategy a, For noise power.
  • calculating the user's capacity according to the calculated signal to noise ratio includes:
  • SINR t,r (a) is the signal-to-noise ratio of the user r in the t-th time period and the base station switching strategy a
  • C t,r (a) is the t-th time period and the base station The capacity of the user r under the switch strategy a.
  • the total capacity of the heterogeneous wireless network is calculated according to the capacity of each user, including:
  • the heterogeneous wireless is calculated based on the calculated total capacity and the cost loss of the heterogeneous wireless network.
  • the total revenue of the network includes:
  • R t (a) C t (a)- ⁇ E t (a); where R t (a) is the total revenue of the heterogeneous wireless network in the t-th period, and ⁇ is the cost loss.
  • the impact factor, E t (a), is the cost loss of the heterogeneous wireless network during the t-th period.
  • the small base station for the small base station whose state is open in the optimal base station switching policy, the small base station is kept in the open state in the next time period, and the small base station whose state is off in the optimal base station switching policy is used to make the small base station in the next time period. Is in a dormant state.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a topology network structure of a cell. As shown in FIG. 3, there is one macro base station and three small base stations in the heterogeneous wireless network, and the users are randomly distributed in the cell.
  • the number of users in the small area is 100 to 150 people, and each time period is increased by 5 people, and the length of each time period is 30 seconds (s).
  • the total revenue of the heterogeneous wireless network is calculated based on the transmit power of each base station in the heterogeneous wireless network and the cost loss of the heterogeneous wireless network.
  • the user performs wireless communication by transmitting a data packet, and the user within the coverage of the macro base station can receive the wireless signal of the small base station and the macro base station in the working state, and the small base station in the dormant state cannot provide the service to the user.
  • the macro base station and the small base station use different frequency resources, so that the macro base station and the small base station signal do not cause interference. However, the same frequency resources are used between different small base stations, so interference occurs between small base stations. For any user, the signal that reaches the user's maximum signal strength is used as a useful signal.
  • the lognormal shadow is 10 decibels (dB)
  • the macro base station transmit power is 46 decibels milliwatts (dBm)
  • the small base station's transmit power is 30 dBm
  • the noise power is -174 dBm/Hz
  • the small base station signal transmission bandwidth is 20 trillion. Hertz (MHz).
  • the cost loss of the entire system is the energy loss of the entire system.
  • the power required to power the macro base station is 50 watts (W), and the power required to turn on a small base station is 10 watts.
  • the number of people communicating with the macro base station or the small base station is as shown in Table 1.
  • the total capacity of the three small base stations of the small base station A, the small base station B, and the small base station C is 9142, and the cost loss is 80.
  • the small base station A and the small base station B are turned on, and when the small base station C is turned off, the number of people communicating with the macro base station or the small base station is as shown in Table 2.
  • the small base station A and the small base station B are turned on, and the total revenue of the system when the small base station C is off is 6540.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the optimal base station switching strategy as a function of time when ⁇ is 2.7. As shown in FIG. 4, as time goes by, the number of users in the cell is increasing, and the number of small base stations that need to be opened is also increasing.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the total gain versus time of the method of the embodiment of the present invention (ie, the greedy algorithm in the figure) and the method of permanently turning on some small base stations when ⁇ is 2.7. As shown in FIG. 5, the total benefit of using the method of the embodiment of the present invention is always higher than other methods over time, and therefore, the method of the present application is superior to other methods.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for implementing sleep of a small base station, including at least:
  • the first obtaining module 61 is configured to: obtain the number of small base stations in the heterogeneous wireless network, and determine all possible base station switching policies according to the obtained number of small base stations;
  • the calculating module 62 is configured to: calculate, for each determined base station switching policy, a total revenue of the heterogeneous wireless network according to a transmit power of each base station in the heterogeneous wireless network and a cost loss of the heterogeneous wireless network;
  • the second obtaining module 63 is configured to: obtain an optimal base station switching policy according to the total revenue of the heterogeneous wireless network corresponding to each base station switching policy;
  • the control module 64 is configured to: control the switch of the small base station according to the obtained optimal base station switching policy.
  • the calculation module 62 is configured to:
  • the calculation module 62 is configured to:
  • Cost loss calculates the total revenue of a heterogeneous wireless network.
  • the calculation module 62 is configured to:
  • For each user in the heterogeneous wireless network calculate the signal power received by the user according to the transmit power of each base station, and calculate the signal-to-noise ratio of the user according to the calculated signal power of each base station, according to the calculation.
  • the obtained signal-to-noise ratio calculates the capacity of the user, calculates the total capacity of the heterogeneous wireless network according to the capacity of each user, and calculates the total revenue of the heterogeneous wireless network according to the calculated total capacity and the cost loss of the heterogeneous wireless network.
  • the calculation module 62 is configured to:
  • t is the time period
  • r is the user
  • a is the base station switching policy
  • M is the macro base station
  • P M, t, r (a) is the user r received in the t-th time period and the base station switching strategy a
  • the signal power of the macro base station P M,t (a) is the transmit power of the macro base station in the t-th period and the base station switching strategy
  • L M,t,r (a) is in the t-th period and the base station switching strategy
  • Large-scale path loss from macro base station to user r, X ⁇ is a lognormal shadow;
  • the calculation module 62 is configured to:
  • the signal power received by the user for each base station is calculated according to the transmit power of each base station
  • SINR t,r (a) is the signal-to-noise ratio of the user r in the t-th period and the base station switching strategy a, For noise power;
  • the user's capacity is calculated according to the calculated signal-to-noise ratio
  • the total capacity of the heterogeneous wireless network is calculated according to the capacity of each user
  • the total revenue of the heterogeneous wireless network is calculated according to the calculated total capacity and the cost loss of the heterogeneous wireless network.
  • the calculation module 62 is configured to:
  • For each user in the heterogeneous wireless network calculate the signal power received by the user according to the transmit power of each base station, and calculate the signal to noise ratio of the user according to the calculated signal power received by each base station;
  • SINR t,r (a) is the signal-to-noise ratio of the user r in the t-th time period and the base station switching strategy a
  • C t,r (a) is the t-th time period and the base station The capacity of the user r under the switch strategy a;
  • the total capacity of the heterogeneous wireless network is calculated according to the capacity of each user, and the total revenue of the heterogeneous wireless network is calculated according to the calculated total capacity and the cost loss of the heterogeneous wireless network.
  • the calculation module 62 is configured to:
  • each user in the heterogeneous wireless network calculates the user's capacity according to the transmit power of each base station, according to the formula Calculate the total capacity of the heterogeneous wireless network; where C t (a) is the total capacity of the heterogeneous wireless network, and calculate the total revenue of the heterogeneous wireless network according to the calculated total capacity and the cost loss of the heterogeneous wireless network.
  • the calculation module 62 is configured to:
  • the second obtaining module 63 is configured to:
  • all or part of the steps of the above embodiments may also be implemented by using an integrated circuit. These steps may be separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps may be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module. achieve.
  • the devices/function modules/functional units in the above embodiments may be implemented by a general-purpose computing device, which may be centralized on a single computing device or distributed over a network of multiple computing devices.
  • the device/function module/functional unit in the above embodiment When the device/function module/functional unit in the above embodiment is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as a stand-alone product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the above mentioned computer readable storage medium may be a read only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk or the like.
  • the embodiment of the present invention obtains an optimal base station switching strategy according to the total revenue of the heterogeneous wireless network corresponding to each base station switching policy, thereby reducing energy consumption, and the total revenue of the heterogeneous wireless network is based on the transmission power and cost of each base station.
  • the loss is calculated to ensure the quality of service.

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Abstract

本文公布一种实现小基站休眠的方法和装置，所述方法包括：获取异构无线网络中的小基站数目，根据获得的小基站数据确定所有可能的基站开关策略；对于确定出的每一种基站开关策略，根据异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率和异构无线网络的成本损耗计算异构无线网络的总收益；根据每个基站开关策略对应的异构无线网络的总收益获取最优基站开关策略，根据获得的最优基站开关策略控制小基站的开关。

Description

一种实现小基站休眠的方法和装置 技术领域
本申请涉及但不限于无线通信领域。
背景技术
随着无线用户和业务的不断增长，传统的蜂窝网络结构已经难以满足无线通信系统日益增长的流量需求。通过在无线蜂窝网络中引入小基站组成异构无线网络，利用小基站的流量分流功能，是实现无线系统容量增加的有效手段。但是随着小基站的数目不断增加，无线系统的能量消耗也将随之增大，提高无线系统的能量效率成为当前需要迫切解决的问题。通过将异构无线网络中小基站进行休眠是目前提高无线系统的能量效率的有效方法。
相关技术的实现小基站休眠的方法大致包括：
间隔设定时间计算每个基站对应的小区的用户数量和用户分布状态；根据小区的用户数量和用户分布状态计算每个基站对应的小区的索引值；将得到的索引值按从小到大的顺序排列，最大的索引值对应的基站在下一时间段开始时刻进入休眠状态。
相关技术的实现小基站休眠的方法中，在每一个时间段只能让一个小基站休眠，不是小基站休眠的最佳方案，无线系统的能量消耗较高。
发明内容
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。
本文提出了一种实现小基站休眠的方法和装置，能够降低能量消耗，并保证服务质量。
一种实现小基站休眠的方法，包括：
获取异构无线网络中的小基站数目，根据获得的小基站数目确定所有可能的基站开关策略；
对于确定出的每一种基站开关策略，根据异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率和异构无线网络的成本损耗计算异构无线网络的总收益；
根据每个基站开关策略对应的异构无线网络的总收益获取最优基站开关策略，根据获得的最优基站开关策略控制小基站的开关。
可选地，所述根据异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率和异构无线网络的成本损耗计算异构无线网络的总收益包括：
根据所述异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率计算所述异构无线网络的总容量，根据计算得到的总容量和所述异构无线网络的成本损耗计算所述异构无线网络的总收益。
可选地，所述根据异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率计算异构无线网络的总容量包括：
对于所述异构无线网络中的每一个用户，根据每个基站的发射功率计算用户的容量，根据每个用户的容量计算所述异构无线网络的总容量。
可选地，所述根据每个基站的发射功率计算用户的容量包括：根据所述每个基站的发射功率计算所述用户接收到每个基站的信号功率，根据计算得到的接收到每个基站的信号功率计算所述用户的信噪比，根据计算得到的信噪比计算所述用户的容量。
可选地，所述根据每个基站的发射功率计算用户接收到每个基站的信号功率包括：
按照公式PM,t,r(a)＝PM,t(a)-LM,t,r(a)+Xδ计算所述用户接收到宏基站的信号功率；其中，t表示时间段，r表示用户，a为基站开关策略，M表示宏基站，PM,t,r(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r接收到宏基站的信号功率，PM,t(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略下宏基站的发射功率，LM,t,r(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略下宏基站到用户r的大尺度路径损耗，Xδ为对数正态阴影；
当所述基站开关策略中第i个小基站为开时，按照公式PP,t,r,i(a)＝PP,t,i(a)-LP,t,r,i(a)+Xδ计算所述用户接收到第i个小基站的信号功率；其中，P表示小基站，PP,t,r,i(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r接收 到第i个小基站的信号功率，PP,t,i(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下第i个小基站的发射功率，LP,t,r,i(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下第i个小基站到用户r的大尺度路径损耗；
当所述基站开关策略中第i个小基站为关时，PP,t,r,i(a)为0。
可选地，所述根据计算得到的接收到每个基站的信号功率计算用户的信噪比包括：
判断出接收到宏基站的信号功率最大，按照公式
Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-000001
计算所述用户的信噪比；其中，SINRt,r(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r的信噪比，
Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-000002
为噪声功率；
判断出接收到的一个小基站的信号功率最大，按照公式
Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-000003
计算所述用户的信噪比；其中，i0表示接收到的信号功率最大的小基站。
可选地，所述根据计算得到的信噪比计算用户的容量包括：
按照公式
Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-000004
计算所述用户的容量；其中，SINRt,r(a)为在第t个时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r的信噪比，Ct,r(a)为在第t个时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r的容量。
可选地，所述根据每个用户的容量计算异构无线网络的总容量包括：
按照公式
Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-000005
计算所述异构无线网络的总容量；其中，Ct(a)为异构无线网络的总容量。
可选地，所述根据计算得到的总容量和异构无线网络的成本损耗计算异构无线网络的总收益包括：
按照公式Rt(a)＝Ct(a)-αEt(a)计算所述异构无线网络的总收益；其中，Rt(a)为第t时间段所述异构无线网络的总收益，α为成本损耗影响因子，Et(a)为第t时间段所述异构无线网络的成本损耗。
可选地，所述根据每个基站开关策略对应的异构无线网络的总收益获取最优基站开关策略包括：按照公式a*＝argmaxa∈ARt(a)获取所述最优基站开关 策略；其中，A为a组成的空间，a*为所述最优基站开关策略。
一种实现小基站休眠的装置，包括：
第一获取模块，设置为：获取异构无线网络中的小基站数目，根据获得的小基站数目确定所有可能的基站开关策略；
计算模块，设置为：对于确定出的每一种基站开关策略，根据异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率和异构无线网络的成本损耗计算异构无线网络的总收益；
第二获取模块，设置为：根据每个基站开关策略对应的异构无线网络的总收益获取最优基站开关策略；
控制模块，设置为：根据获得的最优基站开关策略控制小基站的开关。
可选地，所述计算模块是设置为：
根据所述异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率计算所述异构无线网络的总容量，根据计算得到的总容量和所述异构无线网络的成本损耗计算所述异构无线网络的总收益。
可选地，所述计算模块是设置为：
对于所述异构无线网络中的每一个用户，根据每个基站的发射功率计算用户的容量，根据每个用户的容量计算所述异构无线网络的总容量，根据计算得到的总容量和所述异构无线网络的成本损耗计算所述异构无线网络的总收益。
可选地，所述计算模块是设置为：
对于所述异构无线网络中的每一个用户，根据所述每个基站的发射功率计算所述用户接收到每个基站的信号功率，根据计算得到的接收到每个基站的信号功率计算所述用户的信噪比，根据计算得到的信噪比计算所述用户的容量，根据每个用户的容量计算所述异构无线网络的总容量，根据计算得到的总容量和所述异构无线网络的成本损耗计算所述异构无线网络的总收益。
可选地，所述计算模块是设置为：
对于所述异构无线网络中的每一个用户，按照公式 PM,t,r(a)＝PM,t(a)-LM,t,r(a)+Xδ计算所述用户接收到宏基站的信号功率；其中，t表示时间段，r表示用户，a为基站开关策略，M表示宏基站，PM,t,r(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r接收到宏基站的信号功率，PM,t(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略下宏基站的发射功率，LM,t,r(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略下宏基站到用户r的大尺度路径损耗，Xδ为对数正态阴影；
当所述基站开关策略中第i个小基站为开时，按照公式PP,t,r,i(a)＝PP,t,i(a)-LP,t,r,i(a)+Xδ计算所述用户接收到第i个小基站的信号功率；其中，P表示小基站，PP,t,r,i(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r接收到第i个小基站的信号功率，PP,t,i(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下第i个小基站的发射功率，LP,t,r,i(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下第i个小基站到用户r的大尺度路径损耗；
当所述基站开关策略中第i个小基站为关时，PP,t,r,i(a)为0；
根据计算得到的接收到每个基站的信号功率计算所述用户的信噪比，根据计算得到的信噪比计算所述用户的容量，根据每个用户的容量计算所述异构无线网络的总容量，根据计算得到的总容量和所述异构无线网络的成本损耗计算所述异构无线网络的总收益。
可选地，所述计算模块是设置为：
对于所述异构无线网络中的每一个用户，根据所述每个基站的发射功率计算所述用户接收到每个基站的信号功率；
判断出接收到宏基站的信号功率最大，按照公式
Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-000006
计算所述用户的信噪比；其中，SINRt,r(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r的信噪比，
Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-000007
为噪声功率；
判断出接收到的一个小基站的信号功率最大，按照公式
Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-000008
计算所述用户的信噪比；其中，i0表示接收到的信号功率最大的小基站；
根据计算得到的信噪比计算所述用户的容量，根据每个用户的容量计算所述异构无线网络的总容量，根据计算得到的总容量和所述异构无线网络的成本损耗计算所述异构无线网络的总收益。
可选地，所述计算模块是设置为：
对于所述异构无线网络中的每一个用户，根据所述每个基站的发射功率计算所述用户接收到每个基站的信号功率，根据计算得到的接收到每个基站的信号功率计算所述用户的信噪比；
按照公式
Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-000009
计算所述用户的容量；其中，SINRt,r(a)为在第t个时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r的信噪比，Ct,r(a)为在第t个时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r的容量；
根据每个用户的容量计算所述异构无线网络的总容量，根据计算得到的总容量和所述异构无线网络的成本损耗计算所述异构无线网络的总收益。
可选地，所述计算模块是设置为：
对于所述异构无线网络中的每一个用户，根据每个基站的发射功率计算用户的容量，按照公式
Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-000010
计算所述异构无线网络的总容量；其中，Ct(a)为异构无线网络的总容量，根据计算得到的总容量和所述异构无线网络的成本损耗计算所述异构无线网络的总收益。
可选地，所述计算模块是设置为：
根据所述异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率计算所述异构无线网络的总容量，按照公式Rt(a)＝Ct(a)-αEt(a)计算所述异构无线网络的总收益；其中，Rt(a)为第t时间段所述异构无线网络的总收益，α为成本损耗影响因子，Et(a)为第t时间段所述异构无线网络的成本损耗。
可选地，所述第二获取模块是设置为：
按照公式a*＝arg maxa∈ARt(a)获取所述最优基站开关策略；其中，A为a组成的空间，a*为所述最优基站开关策略。
一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于执行上述任一项的方法。
与相关技术相比，本发明实施例包括：获取异构无线网络中的小基站数 目，根据获得的小基站数目确定所有可能的基站开关策略；对于确定出的每一种基站开关策略，根据异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率和异构无线网络的成本损耗计算异构无线网络的总收益；根据每个基站开关策略对应的异构无线网络的总收益获取最优基站开关策略，根据获得的最优基站开关策略控制小基站的开关。通过本发明实施例的方案，根据每个基站开关策略对应的异构无线网络的总收益获取最优基站开关策略，从而降低了能量消耗，并且异构无线网络的总收益是基于每个基站的发射功率和成本损耗来计算的，从而保证了服务质量。
在阅读并理解了附图和详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。
附图概述
图1为本发明实施例实现小基站休眠的方法的流程图；
图2为异构无线网络的实施例的结构组成示意图；
图3为蜂窝小区的拓扑网络结构示意图；
图4为在α为2.7时最优基站开关策略随时间变化的示意图；
图5为在α为2.7时采用本发明实施例的方法和固定开启某些小基站的方法的总收益随时间变化的示意图；
图6为本发明实施例实现小基站休眠的装置的结构组成示意图。
本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的实施方式进行描述。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的各种方式可以相互组合。
参见图1，本发明实施例提出了一种实现小基站休眠的方法，包括：
步骤100、获取异构无线网络中的小基站数目，根据获得的小基站数目确定所有可能的基站开关策略。
本步骤中，异构无线网络可以是指由一个宏基站和一个或一个以上小基站组成的网络。图2为异构无线网络的实施例的结构组成示意图。如图2所 示，以异构无线网络包括一个宏基站和一个小基站为例进行说明，并不用于限定异构无线网络的组成形式。
本步骤中，基站开关策略是指异构无线网络中所有基站处于开或关的状态对应的策略。例如，可以用N位字符串表示基站开关策略，每一个字符表示一个基站的状态。
其中，由于异构无线网络中宏基站的状态必须是开的，而小基站的状态可以是开，也可以是关，因此，异构无线网络中所有可能的基站开关策略总共有2N-1种。
步骤101、对于每一种基站开关策略，根据异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率和异构无线网络的成本损耗计算异构无线网络的总收益。
本步骤中，根据异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率和异构无线网络的成本损耗计算异构无线网络的总收益包括：
根据异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率计算异构无线网络的总容量，根据计算得到的总容量和异构无线网络的成本损耗计算异构无线网络的总收益。
其中，根据异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率计算异构无线网络的总容量包括：
对于异构无线网络中的每一个用户，根据每个基站的发射功率计算用户的容量，根据每个用户的容量计算异构无线网络的总容量。
其中，根据每个基站的发射功率计算用户的容量包括：根据每个基站的发射功率计算用户接收到每个基站的信号功率，根据计算得到的接收到每个基站的信号功率计算用户的信噪比，根据计算得到的信噪比计算用户的容量。
其中，根据每个基站的发射功率计算用户接收到每个基站的信号功率包括：
按照公式PM,t,r(a)＝PM,t(a)-LM,t,r(a)+Xδ计算用户接收到宏基站的信号功率；其中，t表示时间段，r表示用户，a为基站开关策略，M表示宏基站，PM,t,r(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r接收到宏基站的信号功率， PM,t(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略下宏基站的发射功率，LM,t,r(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下宏基站到用户r的大尺度路径损耗，Xδ为对数正态阴影。
当基站开关策略中第i个小基站为开时，按照公式PP,t,r,i(a)＝PP,t,i(a)-LP,t,r,i(a)+Xδ计算用户接收到第i个小基站的信号功率；其中，P表示小基站，PP,t,r,i(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r接收到第i个小基站的信号功率，PP,t,i(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下第i个小基站的发射功率，LP,t,r,i(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略下第i个小基站到用户r的大尺度路径损耗。
当基站开关策略中第i个小基站为关时，PP,t,r,i(a)为0。
其中，根据计算得到的接收到每个基站的信号功率计算用户的信噪比包括：
判断出接收到宏基站的信号功率最大，按照公式
Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-000011
计算用户的信噪比；其中，SINRt,r(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r的信噪比，
Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-000012
为噪声功率。
判断出接收到的一个小基站的信号功率最大，按照公式
Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-000013
计算用户的信噪比；其中，i0表示接收到的信号功率最大的小基站。
其中，根据计算得到的信噪比计算用户的容量包括：
按照公式
Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-000014
计算用户的容量；其中，SINRt,r(a)为在第t个时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r的信噪比，Ct,r(a)为在第t个时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r的容量。
其中，根据每个用户的容量计算异构无线网络的总容量包括：
按照公式
Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-000015
计算异构无线网络的总容量；其中，Ct(a)为异构无线网络的总容量。
其中，根据计算得到的总容量和异构无线网络的成本损耗计算异构无线 网络的总收益包括：
按照公式Rt(a)＝Ct(a)-αEt(a)计算异构无线网络的总收益；其中，Rt(a)为第t时间段异构无线网络的总收益，α为成本损耗影响因子，Et(a)为第t时间段异构无线网络的成本损耗。
步骤102、根据每个基站开关策略对应的异构无线网络的总收益获取最优基站开关策略，根据获得的最优基站开关策略控制小基站的开关。
本步骤中，根据每个基站开关策略对应的异构无线网络的总收益获取最优基站开关策略包括：按照公式a*＝argmaxa∈ARt(a)获取最优基站开关策略；其中，A为a组成的空间，a*为最优基站开关策略。
本步骤中，对于最优基站开关策略中状态为开的小基站，在下一时间段让小基站保持开启状态，对于最优基站开关策略中状态为关的小基站，在下一时间段让小基站处于休眠状态。
下面通过实施例进行详细说明。
首先，获取异构无线网络中的小基站数目和所有用户的地理信息。
图3为蜂窝小区的拓扑网络结构示意图。如图3所示，异构无线网络中存在一个宏基站和三个小基站，用户随机分布于小区中。
小区内的用户数目为100到150人，每一个时间段内增加5人，每个时间段的长度为30秒(s)。
其次，对于每一种基站开关策略，根据异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率和异构无线网络的成本损耗计算异构无线网络的总收益。
用户以发送数据包的方式进行无线通信，宏基站覆盖范围内的用户可以接收到处于工作状态的小基站和宏基站的无线信号，处于休眠状态的小基站无法为用户提供服务。宏基站和小基站使用不同的频率资源，因此其中宏基站和小基站信号不会产生干扰。但不同的小基站之间使用相同的频率资源，因此小基站之间会产生干扰。对于任意用户，将到达用户的信号强度最大的信号作为有用信号。
计算异构无线网络的总收益过程中按照公式LM,t,r(a)＝128.1+37.6log10RM,t,r(a)计算在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下宏基站到 用户r的大尺度路径损耗；其中，RM,t,r(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下宏基站到用户r之间的距离。
按照公式LP,t,r,i(a)＝140.7+36.7log10RP,t,r,i(a)计算在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下第i个小基站到用户r的大尺度路径损耗；其中，RP,t,r,i(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下第i个小基站到用户r之间的距离。
对数正态阴影为10分贝(dB)，宏基站发射功率为46分贝毫瓦(dBm)，小基站的发射功率为30dBm，噪声功率为-174dBm/Hz，小基站信号的传输带宽为20兆赫兹(MHz)。在此任务整个系统的成本损耗为整个系统的能量损耗。宏基站开启需要消耗的功率为50瓦(W)，一个小基站开启需要消耗的功率为10W。
当小区总人数为130人，三个小基站都开时，和宏基站或小基站进行通信的人数如表1所示。
宏基站 小基站A 小基站B 小基站C
120 3 5 2
表1
此时，在小基站A、小基站B、小基站C三个小基站都开的策略下总容量为9142，成本损耗为80。
取α为2.7，求得三个小基站都开时系统的总收益为8926。
当小区人数为130人，小基站A、小基站B开启，小基站C关闭时，和宏基站或小基站进行通信的人数如表2所示。
宏基站 小基站A 小基站B 小基站C
121 4 5 0
表2
在小基站A、小基站B开启，小基站C关闭的策略下总容量为6729，成本损耗为70。
取α为2.7，求得小基站A、小基站B开启，小基站C关闭时系统的总收益为6540。
其他策略的系统总收益采用相同的方法求得。
最后取系统的总收益最大(8926)的策略进行小基站的开关。
图4为在α为2.7时最优基站开关策略随时间变化的示意图。如图4所示，随着时间的推移，小区内用户人数越来越多，需要开启的小基站的数目也越来越多。
图5为在α为2.7时采用本发明实施例的方法(即图中的贪婪算法)和固定开启某些小基站的方法的总收益随时间变化的示意图。如图5所示，随着时间的推移，采用本发明实施例的方法的总收益一直高于其他的方法，因此，本申请的方法优于其他的方法。
参见图6，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现小基站休眠的装置，至少包括：
第一获取模块61，设置为：获取异构无线网络中的小基站数目，根据获得的小基站数目确定所有可能的基站开关策略；
计算模块62，设置为：对于确定出的每一种基站开关策略，根据异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率和异构无线网络的成本损耗计算异构无线网络的总收益；
第二获取模块63，设置为：根据每个基站开关策略对应的异构无线网络的总收益获取最优基站开关策略；
控制模块64，设置为：根据获得的最优基站开关策略控制小基站的开关。
本发明实施例的装置中，计算模块62是设置为：
根据异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率计算异构无线网络的总容量，根据计算得到的总容量和异构无线网络的成本损耗计算异构无线网络的总收益。
本发明实施例的装置中，计算模块62是设置为：
对于异构无线网络中的每一个用户，根据每个基站的发射功率计算用户的容量，根据每个用户的容量计算异构无线网络的总容量，根据计算得到的总容量和异构无线网络的成本损耗计算异构无线网络的总收益。
本发明实施例的装置中，计算模块62是设置为：
对于异构无线网络中的每一个用户，根据每个基站的发射功率计算用户接收到每个基站的信号功率，根据计算得到的接收到每个基站的信号功率计算用户的信噪比，根据计算得到的信噪比计算用户的容量，根据每个用户的容量计算异构无线网络的总容量，根据计算得到的总容量和异构无线网络的成本损耗计算异构无线网络的总收益。
本发明实施例的装置中，计算模块62是设置为：
对于异构无线网络中的每一个用户，按照公式PM,t,r(a)＝PM,t(a)-LM,t,r(a)+Xδ计算用户接收到宏基站的信号功率；其中，t表示时间段，r表示用户，a为基站开关策略，M表示宏基站，PM,t,r(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r接收到宏基站的信号功率，PM,t(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略下宏基站的发射功率，LM,t,r(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略下宏基站到用户r的大尺度路径损耗，Xδ为对数正态阴影；
当基站开关策略中第i个小基站为开时，按照公式PP,t,r,i(a)＝PP,t,i(a)-LP,t,r,i(a)+Xδ计算用户接收到第i个小基站的信号功率；其中，P表示小基站，PP,t,r,i(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r接收到第i个小基站的信号功率，PP,t,i(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下第i个小基站的发射功率，LP,t,r,i(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下第i个小基站到用户r的大尺度路径损耗；
当基站开关策略中第i个小基站为关时，PP,t,r,i(a)为0；
根据计算得到的接收到每个基站的信号功率计算用户的信噪比，根据计算得到的信噪比计算用户的容量，根据每个用户的容量计算异构无线网络的总容量，根据计算得到的总容量和异构无线网络的成本损耗计算异构无线网络的总收益。
本发明实施例的装置中，计算模块62是设置为：
对于异构无线网络中的每一个用户，根据每个基站的发射功率计算用户接收到每个基站的信号功率；
判断出接收到宏基站的信号功率最大，按照公式
Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-000016
计算用户的信噪比；其中，SINRt,r(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r的信噪比，
Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-000017
为噪声功率；
判断出接收到的一个小基站的信号功率最大，按照公式
Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-000018
计算用户的信噪比；其中，i0表示接收到的信号功率最大的小基站；
根据计算得到的信噪比计算用户的容量，根据每个用户的容量计算异构无线网络的总容量，根据计算得到的总容量和异构无线网络的成本损耗计算异构无线网络的总收益。
本发明实施例的装置中，计算模块62是设置为：
对于异构无线网络中的每一个用户，根据每个基站的发射功率计算用户接收到每个基站的信号功率，根据计算得到的接收到每个基站的信号功率计算用户的信噪比；
按照公式
Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-000019
计算用户的容量；其中，SINRt,r(a)为在第t个时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r的信噪比，Ct,r(a)为在第t个时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r的容量；
根据每个用户的容量计算异构无线网络的总容量，根据计算得到的总容量和异构无线网络的成本损耗计算异构无线网络的总收益。
本发明实施例的装置中，计算模块62是设置为：
对于异构无线网络中的每一个用户，根据每个基站的发射功率计算用户的容量，按照公式
Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-000020
计算异构无线网络的总容量；其中，Ct(a)为异构无线网络的总容量，根据计算得到的总容量和异构无线网络的成本损耗计算异构无线网络的总收益。
本发明实施例的装置中，计算模块62是设置为：
根据异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率计算异构无线网络的总容量，按照公式Rt(a)＝Ct(a)-αEt(a)计算异构无线网络的总收益；其中，Rt(a)为第t时间段异构无线网络的总收益，α为成本损耗影响因子，Et(a)为第t时间段 异构无线网络的成本损耗。
本发明实施例的装置中，第二获取模块63是设置为：
按照公式a*＝argmaxa∈ARt(a)获取最优基站开关策略；其中，A为a组成的空间，a*为最优基站开关策略。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以使用计算机程序流程来实现，所述计算机程序可以存储于一计算机可读存储介质中，所述计算机程序在相应的硬件平台上(如系统、设备、装置、器件等)执行，在执行时，包括方法实施例的步骤之一或其组合。
可选地，上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用集成电路来实现，这些步骤可以被分别制作成一个个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。
上述实施例中的装置/功能模块/功能单元可以采用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上，也可以分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上。
上述实施例中的装置/功能模块/功能单元以软件功能模块的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。上述提到的计算机可读取存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
工业实用性
本发明实施例根据每个基站开关策略对应的异构无线网络的总收益获取最优基站开关策略，从而降低了能量消耗，并且异构无线网络的总收益是基于每个基站的发射功率和成本损耗来计算的，从而保证了服务质量。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种实现小基站休眠的方法，包括：
    获取异构无线网络中的小基站数目，根据获得的小基站数目确定所有可能的基站开关策略；
    对于确定出的每一种基站开关策略，根据异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率和异构无线网络的成本损耗计算异构无线网络的总收益；
    根据每个基站开关策略对应的异构无线网络的总收益获取最优基站开关策略，根据获得的最优基站开关策略控制小基站的开关。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述根据异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率和异构无线网络的成本损耗计算异构无线网络的总收益包括：
    根据所述异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率计算所述异构无线网络的总容量，根据计算得到的总容量和所述异构无线网络的成本损耗计算所述异构无线网络的总收益。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述根据异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率计算异构无线网络的总容量包括：
    对于所述异构无线网络中的每一个用户，根据每个基站的发射功率计算用户的容量，根据每个用户的容量计算所述异构无线网络的总容量。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，所述根据每个基站的发射功率计算用户的容量包括：根据所述每个基站的发射功率计算所述用户接收到每个基站的信号功率，根据计算得到的接收到每个基站的信号功率计算所述用户的信噪比，根据计算得到的信噪比计算所述用户的容量。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述根据每个基站的发射功率计算用户接收到每个基站的信号功率包括：
    按照公式PM,t,r(a)＝PM,t(a)-LM,t,r(a)+Xδ计算所述用户接收到宏基站的信号功率；其中，t表示时间段，r表示用户，a为基站开关策略，M表示宏基站，PM,t,r(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r接收到宏基站的信号功 率，PM,t(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略下宏基站的发射功率，LM,t,r(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略下宏基站到用户r的大尺度路径损耗，Xδ为对数正态阴影；
    当所述基站开关策略中第i个小基站为开时，按照公式PP,t,r,i(a)＝PP,t,i(a)-LP,t,r,i(a)+Xδ计算所述用户接收到第i个小基站的信号功率；其中，P表示小基站，PP,t,r,i(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r接收到第i个小基站的信号功率，PP,t,i(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下第i个小基站的发射功率，LP,t,r,i(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下第i个小基站到用户r的大尺度路径损耗；
    当所述基站开关策略中第i个小基站为关时，PP,t,r,i(a)为0。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述根据计算得到的接收到每个基站的信号功率计算用户的信噪比包括：
    判断出接收到宏基站的信号功率最大，按照公式
    Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-100001
    计算所述用户的信噪比；其中，SINRt,r(a)为在第t时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r的信噪比，
    Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-100002
    为噪声功率；
    判断出接收到的一个小基站的信号功率最大，按照公式
    Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-100003
    计算所述用户的信噪比；其中，i0表示接收到的信号功率最大的小基站。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述根据计算得到的信噪比计算用户的容量包括：
    按照公式
    Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-100004
    计算所述用户的容量；其中，SINRt,r(a)为在第t个时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r的信噪比，Ct,r(a)为在第t个时间段和基站开关策略a下用户r的容量。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，所述根据每个用户的容量计算异构无线网络的总容量包括：
    按照公式
    Figure PCTCN2015093700-appb-100005
    计算所述异构无线网络的总容量；其中，Ct(a) 为异构无线网络的总容量。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述根据计算得到的总容量和异构无线网络的成本损耗计算异构无线网络的总收益包括：
    按照公式Rt(a)＝Ct(a)-αEt(a)计算所述异构无线网络的总收益；其中，Rt(a)为第t时间段所述异构无线网络的总收益，α为成本损耗影响因子，Et(a)为第t时间段所述异构无线网络的成本损耗。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述根据每个基站开关策略对应的异构无线网络的总收益获取最优基站开关策略包括：按照公式a*＝arg maxa∈ARt(a)获取所述最优基站开关策略；其中，A为a组成的空间，a*为所述最优基站开关策略。
  11. 一种实现小基站休眠的装置，包括：
    第一获取模块，设置为：获取异构无线网络中的小基站数目，根据获得的小基站数目确定所有可能的基站开关策略；
    计算模块，设置为：对于确定出的每一种基站开关策略，根据异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率和异构无线网络的成本损耗计算异构无线网络的总收益；
    第二获取模块，设置为：根据每个基站开关策略对应的异构无线网络的总收益获取最优基站开关策略；
    控制模块，设置为：根据获得的最优基站开关策略控制小基站的开关。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置，其中，所述计算模块是设置为：
    根据所述异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率计算所述异构无线网络的总容量，根据计算得到的总容量和所述异构无线网络的成本损耗计算所述异构无线网络的总收益。
  13. 根据权利要12所述的装置，其中，所述计算模块是设置为：
    根据所述异构无线网络中每个基站的发射功率计算所述异构无线网络的总容量，按照公式Rt(a)＝Ct(a)-αEt(a)计算所述异构无线网络的总收益；其中，Rt(a)为第t时间段所述异构无线网络的总收益，α为成本损耗影响因子，Et(a)为第t时间段所述异构无线网络的成本损耗。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的装置，其中，所述第二获取模块是设置为：
    按照公式a*＝arg maxa∈ARt(a)获取所述最优基站开关策略；其中，A为a组成的空间，a*为所述最优基站开关策略。
  15. 一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于执行权利要求1-10任一项的方法。
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