WO2016145782A1 - 一种减少pim协议dr变化的方法及系统 - Google Patents

一种减少pim协议dr变化的方法及系统 Download PDF

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WO2016145782A1
WO2016145782A1 PCT/CN2015/087389 CN2015087389W WO2016145782A1 WO 2016145782 A1 WO2016145782 A1 WO 2016145782A1 CN 2015087389 W CN2015087389 W CN 2015087389W WO 2016145782 A1 WO2016145782 A1 WO 2016145782A1
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address
pim
pim device
protocol
interface
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PCT/CN2015/087389
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English (en)
French (fr)
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徐本崇
纪小利
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Priority to US15/557,467 priority Critical patent/US10291581B2/en
Priority to ES15885159T priority patent/ES2797729T3/es
Priority to EP15885159.2A priority patent/EP3258654B1/en
Publication of WO2016145782A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016145782A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/50—Address allocation
    • H04L61/5069—Address allocation for group communication, multicast communication or broadcast communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
    • H04L45/026—Details of "hello" or keep-alive messages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2101/00—Indexing scheme associated with group H04L61/00
    • H04L2101/60—Types of network addresses
    • H04L2101/604—Address structures or formats
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/16—Multipoint routing

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  • This document relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a method, system, and computer readable storage medium for reducing Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) protocol designated router (DR) changes.
  • PIM Protocol Independent Multicast
  • Protocol Independent Multicast PIM
  • DRs routers
  • the device receives a Hello packet and re-selects the DR to select a new DR.
  • IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol
  • MLD Multicast Listener Discovery Protocol
  • the DR is responsible for forwarding multicast traffic to users on this network.
  • DR changes may occur. Specifically, when the newly added PIM device is elected as the DR, the original DR no longer forwards the traffic, and the new DR has not learned the complete IGMP or MLD user information, which will result in packet loss; the newly added PIM device first After learning IGMP or MLD user information, and then discovering other PIM neighbors, there will be double streams.
  • the prior art is to perceive DR changes as soon as possible, and learn IGMP or MLD user information as soon as possible, which cannot fundamentally solve the above problems.
  • the embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for reducing the DR change of the PIM protocol, including the following steps: after the PIM device joins the shared network, the PIM device interface receives the Hello packet sent by the other PIM devices in the shared network, where the The Hello message carries the DR address option. The PIM device interface uses the currently used DR address carried in the Hello packet as the DR address of the interface.
  • the method for reducing a DR change of a PIM protocol further includes: adding, by the PIM device After the PIM device interface receives the Hello packet sent by the other PIM devices in the shared network, the PIM device interface enters a waiting state, and the waiting state timer is started, and the PIM device sends the DR address. Option Hello message.
  • the DR address is 0 or is empty.
  • the method for reducing the DR change of the PIM protocol further includes: when the waiting state timer of the PIM device interface expires, or when the PIM device interface receives the DR address option and the DR address is legal After the Hello message of the unicast address is received, the waiting state of the PIM device interface ends and the DR election state is entered.
  • the PIM device interface elects a new DR, and sends a Hello packet carrying the latest DR address.
  • the PIM device interface where the DR address currently used by the Hello packet is the DR address of the interface, includes: when the PIM device interface receives the DR address option, and the DR address is a legal unicast address. After the Hello message, the PIM device interface uses the received DR address as the DR address of the interface.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a system for reducing the DR change of the PIM protocol, which is set in the PIM device, and includes a packet transceiver module and a protocol processing module.
  • the packet sending and receiving module is configured to: after the PIM device joins the shared network, receive a Hello packet sent by another PIM device in the shared network, where the Hello packet carries a DR address option;
  • the module is configured to use the currently used DR address carried in the Hello packet as the DR address of the interface of the PIM device.
  • the system for reducing the DR change of the PIM protocol further includes a state management module, configured to: after the PIM device joins the shared network, the PIM device interface receives a Hello message sent by another PIM device in the shared network. The PIM device interface is put into a waiting state, and the waiting state timer is started, and the packet sending and receiving module is notified to send a Hello message carrying the DR address option and the DR address is 0 or empty.
  • a state management module configured to: after the PIM device joins the shared network, the PIM device interface receives a Hello message sent by another PIM device in the shared network. The PIM device interface is put into a waiting state, and the waiting state timer is started, and the packet sending and receiving module is notified to send a Hello message carrying the DR address option and the DR address is 0 or empty.
  • the state management module is further configured to: when the waiting state timer of the PIM device interface expires, or when the packet sending and receiving module receives the DR address option and the DR After the Hello packet is a valid unicast address, the PIM device is in the standby state and enters the DR election state.
  • the protocol processing module is further configured to: after the waiting state timer of the PIM device interface expires, elect a new DR, and notify the packet sending and receiving module to send a Hello packet carrying the latest DR address. .
  • the protocol processing module configured to use the currently used DR address of the Hello packet as the DR address of the PIM device interface, includes: the protocol processing module, configured to receive the DR when the packet transceiver module receives After the address is selected and the DR address is a Hello unicast address, the DR address carried by the Hello packet is used as the DR address of the PIM device interface.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed, a method for reducing DR change of the PIM protocol provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be implemented.
  • the PIM Hello message is added with the DR address option, and the DR address option carries the DR address currently used by the interface.
  • the PIM device that joins the shared network learns and uses the original Hello message. DR in the network, thus avoiding DR re-election, reducing DR changes, and complementing the standard RFC4601.
  • the problem that the PIM device joins the shared network causes the DR to change and then the impact on the user traffic is not affected by the route convergence performance and the routing capacity.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for reducing a DR change of a PIM protocol disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a DR address option of a Hello packet disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a topology of a multicast network disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method for reducing the change of the PIM protocol DR disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: Step S1: After the PIM device joins the shared network, the PIM device interface receives the Hello message sent by other PIM devices in the shared network.
  • the Hello message carries the DR address option;
  • the method for reducing the DR change of the PIM protocol further includes: after the PIM device joins the shared network, the PIM device interface receives the Hello message sent by other PIM devices in the shared network, and the PIM The device interface enters a wait state, and the wait state timer is turned on. The PIM device sends a Hello packet carrying the DR address option.
  • the DR address of the Hello packet sent by the PIM device is 0 or null.
  • the method for reducing the change of the PIM protocol DR further includes: when the waiting state timer of the PIM device interface expires; or when the PIM device interface receives the DR address carrying option and the DR address is legal
  • the PIM device interface is in the DR election state, and the PIM device interface can perform DR election.
  • the PIM device interface elects a new DR, and sends a Hello packet carrying the latest DR address, that is, sends a Hello packet carrying the DR address option. , where the DR address is the latest DR address.
  • the PIM device interface uses the received DR address as the DR address of the interface.
  • Figure 2 shows the structure of the DR address option for the newly added PIM Hello message.
  • the fields in the DR address option structure are defined as follows:
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be any one of the types of Hello message options (36-65535);
  • DR Address The unicast address encoding format (Encoded-Unicast format) specified in the standard RFC4601 4.9.1.
  • the unicast address encoding format fields include: an address family (Addr Family), an encapsulation type (Encoding Type), and a unicast address (Unicast Address).
  • An address family (Addr Family)
  • an encapsulation type (Encoding Type)
  • a unicast address (Unicast Address).
  • RFC4601 4.9.1 the meaning of the address 0 in the following is that the address family field is filled in the legal address family, the encapsulation type field can be any value, and the unicast address field is filled with 0.
  • the state change of the PIM device interface includes the following five events.
  • Event E1 Interface is up (UP). This means that the interface is up - and there is a legal IP address. After event E1 is triggered, the interface enters a wait state and a wait state timer is turned on.
  • Event E2 The interface receives a Hello packet carrying the DR address option and the DR address is 0. After the event E2 is triggered, the interface remains in its original state. If the interface is in the DR election state, you need to send its own DR address through the Hello packet.
  • Event E3 The interface receives a Hello packet carrying the DR address option and the DR address is a legal unicast address. After the event E3 is triggered, the interface enters the DR election state and uses the DR address carried in the received Hello packet as its DR. When it is found that its DR has changed, the interface should send a Hello packet carrying the latest DR address.
  • Event E4 The wait state timer of the interface times out. After the event E4 is triggered, the interface enters the DR election state. The DR election is performed according to the DR election process specified in the standard RFC 4601. Then, a Hello packet carrying the latest DR address is sent.
  • Event E5 The interface is stopped (DOWN). This means that the interface IP address is invalid or the interface is stopped. After event E5 is triggered, the interface enters the initialization state.
  • the Hello packet sent in the waiting state is a Hello packet carrying the DR address option and the DR address is 0.
  • the DR election is not performed in this state.
  • the Hello packet is a Hello packet carrying the DR address option and the DR address is a legal unicast address.
  • the timing PIM router R1 interface 1 When the PIM router R2 interface 2 is started, the PIM router R1 interface 1 waits for the timer to expire, the PIM router R3 interface 3 starts, and the PIM router R1 interface 1 stops for detailed analysis.
  • the DR priority is that the PIM router R3 interface 3 is better than the PIM router R1 interface 1, and the PIM router R1 interface 1 is better than the PIM router R2 interface 2.
  • Step 3.1 The interface 1 of the PIM router R1 is triggered by the event E1. After the interface 1 is started, the interface enters the wait state. A wait state timer is also enabled, and a Hello packet is sent. The Hello packet carries the DR address option and the DR address is 0. . At this time, the interface is in a waiting state and no DR election is performed.
  • Step 3.2 Interface 2 of PIM router R2 is triggered by event E1, which is the same as the action of starting state of PIM router R1 interface 1 in step 3.1.
  • Step 3.3 The PIM router R1 interface 1 receives the Hello packet sent by the PIM router R2 interface 2, and is triggered by the event E2.
  • the PIM neighbor relationship is established normally.
  • the address of the DR address option is found to be 0 and the user is in the waiting state. And no DR elections are conducted.
  • Step 3.4 The interface 1 of the PIM router R1 waits for the timeout, is triggered by the event E4, and enters the DR election state.
  • the RIM interface 1 of the PIM router is elected as the DR of the shared network LAN1, and then a Hello packet carrying the latest DR address is sent.
  • Step 3.5 After the DR is elected, in the scenario where the IGMP or MLD user joins, the DR forwards the multicast traffic to the shared network LAN1.
  • Step 3.6 The PIM router R2 interface 2 receives the Hello packet sent by the PIM router R1 interface 1, and is triggered by the event E3.
  • the DR election state is entered.
  • the DR address carried in the received Hello packet is used as its own DR.
  • Hello packet carrying the latest DR address is used as its own DR.
  • Step 3.7 The PIM router R3 interface 3 is triggered by the event E1, and the action is the same as the action of the PIM router R1 interface 1 state starting in step 3.1.
  • Step 3.8 The PIM router R1 interface 1 and the PIM router R2 interface 2 receive the Hello packet from the PIM router R3 interface 3. If the new neighbor is found, the device will send the Hello packet carrying the latest DR address.
  • Step 3.9 The PIM router R3 interface 3 receives the Hello packet sent by the PIM router R1 interface 1 or the PIM router R2 interface 2, and is triggered by the event E3. The action is the same as the action of the PIM router R2 in step 3.6. The DR in the shared network LAN1 is still the PIM router R1 interface 1.
  • Step 3.10 The RIM interface 1 of the PIM router stops, and is triggered by the event E5.
  • the Hello message with the keepalive time is 0.
  • Step 3.11 The PIM router R2 interface 2 and the PIM router R3 interface 3 receive the Hello message sent by the PIM router R1 interface in step 3.10, and then perform the DR election again to select the higher priority PIM router R3 interface 3 as the DR. And send a Hello packet carrying the latest DR address.
  • the new DR is responsible for forwarding multicast traffic to the shared network LAN1.
  • the reference value of the waiting state timeout period may be the default keepalive time of the neighbor (see the standard RFC4601 section 4.11 Default_Hello_Holdtime description), and the default is 105S.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the reference value of the DR packet priority option type of the Hello packet may be 36, and other reference values may be set.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific type.
  • a Hello packet that does not carry the DR address option is received, and the DR election is processed according to the standard RFC4601 before the timeout of the packet created by the packet expires.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further discloses a system for reducing the DR change of the PIM protocol, which is disposed in the PIM device, and includes a packet transceiver module and a protocol processing module.
  • the packet receiving module is configured to: after the PIM device joins the shared network, receive a Hello packet sent by another PIM device in the shared network, where the Hello packet carries a DR address option; and the protocol processing module is set to The DR address currently used by the Hello packet is used as the DR address of the interface of the PIM device.
  • the system for reducing the DR change of the PIM protocol further includes a state management module, configured to: after the PIM device joins the shared network, the PIM device interface receives a Hello message sent by another PIM device in the shared network. Before the text, the PIM device interface is put into a waiting state, the waiting state timer is started, and the DR address option is transmitted through the packet sending and receiving module.
  • a Hello message with an address of 0 or null.
  • the state management module is further configured to: after the waiting state timer of the PIM device interface expires, or the message receiving and receiving module receives the Hello message carrying the DR address option and the DR address is a legal unicast address.
  • the protocol processing module is further configured to: after the waiting state timer of the PIM device interface expires, a new DR is elected, and the Hello packet carrying the latest DR address is sent by the packet sending and receiving module.
  • the protocol processing module is configured to: when the packet receiving and receiving module receives the Hello message carrying the DR address option and the DR address is a legal unicast address, the received DR address is used as the DR address of the PIM device interface. .
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed, a method for reducing DR change of the PIM protocol provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be implemented.
  • the DR address option of the PIM Hello message is added in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the DR address option carries the DR address of the interface.
  • the PIM device learns and uses the Hello message.
  • the DR in the original network avoids the occurrence of DR re-election and reduces DR changes.
  • Embodiments of the invention are a useful addition to the standard RFC4601.
  • all or part of the steps of the above embodiments may also be implemented by using an integrated circuit. These steps may be separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps may be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module. achieve.
  • the devices/function modules/functional units in the above embodiments may be implemented by using a general-purpose computing device, which may be concentrated on a single computing device or distributed among multiple computing devices. On the network.
  • each device/function module/functional unit in the above embodiment When each device/function module/functional unit in the above embodiment is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as a stand-alone product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the above mentioned computer readable storage medium may be a read only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk or the like.
  • the embodiment of the invention solves the problem that the PIM device joins the shared network, which causes the DR to change and then solves the impact on the user traffic, and is not affected by the route convergence performance and the routing capacity.

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Abstract

本发明实施例公开了一种减少协议无关组播PIM协议指定路由器DR变化的方法及系统，其中，方法包括：PIM设备加入共享网络后，PIM设备接口接收共享网络中其他PIM设备发送的Hello报文，其中，所述Hello报文携带DR地址选项；所述PIM设备接口将所述Hello报文携带的当前使用的DR地址作为本接口的DR地址。

Description

一种减少PIM协议DR变化的方法及系统 技术领域
本文涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种减少协议无关组播(PIM)协议指定路由器(DR)变化的方法、系统和计算机可读存储介质。
背景技术
在一个共享网络中，比如以太网络，协议无关组播(Protocol Independent Multicast，PIM)协议选举出指定路由器(Designated Routers，DR)。接口启动后默认自己是DR，收到Hello报文重新进行DR选举，以选出新的DR。因特网组管理协议(IGMP)或组播侦听发现协议(MLD)用户加入或离开组的报文会被网络中所有设备都收到，DR负责向这个网络中的用户转发组播流量。
当网络中新增PIM设备时，有可能造成DR变化。具体而言，新增的PIM设备当选为DR时，原来的DR不再转发流量，而新的DR还没有学习到完整的IGMP或MLD用户信息，就会造成丢包；新增的PIM设备先学到IGMP或MLD用户信息，而后才发现其他PIM邻居时，会有双份流。现有技术都是尽快感知DR变化，尽快学习IGMP或MLD用户信息，无法从根本上解决上述问题。
发明内容
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。，本发明实施例公开了一种减少PIM协议DR变化的方法，包括以下步骤：PIM设备加入共享网络后，PIM设备接口接收所述共享网络中其他PIM设备发送的Hello报文，其中，所述Hello报文携带DR地址选项；所述PIM设备接口将所述Hello报文携带的当前使用的DR地址作为本接口的DR地址。
可选地，所述减少PIM协议DR变化的方法，还包括：所述PIM设备加 入共享网络后，所述PIM设备接口接收所述共享网络中其他PIM设备发送的Hello报文前，所述PIM设备接口进入等待状态，开启等待状态定时器，所述PIM设备发送携带有DR地址选项的Hello报文。
可选地，所述PIM设备发送的所述Hello报文携带的DR地址选项中，DR地址为0或者为空。
可选地，所述减少PIM协议DR变化的方法，还包括：当所述PIM设备接口的等待状态定时器超时后，或者，当所述PIM设备接口接收到携带DR地址选项且DR地址为合法单播地址的Hello报文后，所述PIM设备接口的等待状态结束，进入DR选举状态。
可选地，当所述PIM设备接口的等待状态定时器超时后，所述PIM设备接口选举出新的DR，并发送携带最新DR地址的Hello报文。
可选地，所述PIM设备接口将所述Hello报文携带的当前使用的DR地址作为本接口的DR地址包括：当所述PIM设备接口接收到携带DR地址选项且DR地址为合法单播地址的Hello报文后，所述PIM设备接口将接收到的所述DR地址作为本接口的DR地址。
本发明实施例还提供一种减少PIM协议DR变化的系统，设置于PIM设备中，包括报文收发模块及协议处理模块。所述报文收发模块，设置为在所述PIM设备加入共享网络后，接收所述共享网络中其他PIM设备发送的Hello报文，其中，所述Hello报文携带DR地址选项；所述协议处理模块，设置为将所述Hello报文携带的当前使用的DR地址作为所述PIM设备的接口的DR地址。
可选地，所述减少PIM协议DR变化的系统，还包括状态管理模块，设置为在所述PIM设备加入共享网络后，所述PIM设备接口接收所述共享网络中其他PIM设备发送的Hello报文前，使得所述PIM设备接口进入等待状态，开启等待状态定时器，并通知所述报文收发模块发送携带DR地址选项且DR地址为0或者为空的Hello报文。
可选地，所述状态管理模块，还设置为当所述PIM设备接口的等待状态定时器超时后，或者，当所述报文收发模块接收到携带DR地址选项且DR 地址为合法单播地址的Hello报文后，结束所述PIM设备接口的等待状态，进入DR选举状态。
可选地，所述协议处理模块，还设置为当所述PIM设备接口的等待状态定时器超时后，选举出新的DR，并通知所述报文收发模块发送携带最新DR地址的Hello报文。
其中，所述协议处理模块将所述Hello报文携带的当前使用的DR地址作为所述PIM设备接口的DR地址包括：所述协议处理模块，设置为当所述报文收发模块接收到携带DR地址选项且DR地址为合法单播地址的Hello报文后，将接收到的所述Hello报文携带的DR地址作为所述PIM设备接口的DR地址。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有程序指令，当该程序指令被执行时可实现本发明实施例所提供的一种减少PIM协议DR变化的方法。
与现有技术相比，在本发明实施例中，PIM Hello报文新增DR地址选项，DR地址选项携带接口当前使用的DR地址，加入共享网络的PIM设备通过Hello报文学习并使用原有网络中的DR，从而避免DR重新选举，减少DR变化，对标准RFC4601进行有益补充。解决了PIM设备加入共享网络会造成DR变化、继而解决对用户流量影响的问题，不受路由收敛性能和路由容量的影响。
在阅读并理解了附图和详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。
附图概述
图1所示为本发明实施例中公开的减少PIM协议DR变化的方法的流程图；
图2所示为本发明实施例中公开的Hello报文的DR地址选项结构图；
图3所示为应用本发明实施例中公开的组播网络拓扑示意图。
本发明的较佳实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方法和优点更加清楚，下面将详述其方法，同时结合附图对本发明实施例进行详细描述，没有特别说明的部分和标准RFC4601规定的协议行为一致。
如图1所示，本发明实施例中公开的减少PIM协议DR变化的方法包括以下步骤：步骤S1：PIM设备加入共享网络后，PIM设备接口接收所述共享网络中其他PIM设备发送的Hello报文，其中，所述Hello报文携带DR地址选项；步骤S2：所述PIM设备接口将所述Hello报文携带的当前使用的DR地址作为本接口的DR地址；所述Hello报文中携带的当前使用的DR地址，是指发送该Hello报文的其他PIM设备当前使用的DR地址。
可选地，所述减少PIM协议DR变化的方法，还包括：所述PIM设备加入共享网络后，所述PIM设备接口接收所述共享网络中其他PIM设备发送的Hello报文前，所述PIM设备接口进入等待状态，开启等待状态定时器，所述PIM设备发送携带DR地址选项的Hello报文。其中，所述PIM设备发送的Hello报文携带的DR地址选项中，DR地址为0或者为空。
可选地，所述减少PIM协议DR变化的方法，还包括：当所述PIM设备接口的等待状态定时器超时后；或者，当所述PIM设备接口接收到携带DR地址选项且DR地址为合法单播地址的Hello报文后，所述PIM设备接口的等待状态结束，进入DR选举状态，表示所述PIM设备接口可以进行DR选举。具体而言，当所述PIM设备接口的等待状态定时器超时后，所述PIM设备接口选举出新的DR，并发送携带最新DR地址的Hello报文，即发送携带DR地址选项的Hello报文，其中DR地址为最新DR地址。当所述PIM设备接口接收到携带DR地址选项且DR地址为合法单播地址的Hello报文后，所述PIM设备接口将接收到的DR地址作为本接口的DR地址。
图2所示为新增的PIM Hello报文的DR地址选项的结构图。如图2所示，DR地址选项结构中的字段定义如下：
类型(Type)：本发明对此并不限定，可以为目前未定义Hello报文选项类型中的任意一种(36-65535)；
长度(Length)：为变长；
DR地址(DR Address)：采用标准RFC4601 4.9.1规定的单播地址编码格式(Encoded-Unicast format)。
其中，单播地址编码格式字段有：地址族(Addr Family)、封装类型(Encoding Type)、单播地址(Unicast Address)，详细解释可见标准RFC4601 4.9.1。于此，下文中地址0的含义是，地址族字段填合法地址族，封装类型字段可以为任意值，单播地址字段填0。
于本实施例中，PIM设备接口的状态变化包括以下五个事件。
事件E1：接口启动(UP)。这里指接口启动-且存在合法IP地址。事件E1触发后，接口进入等待状态，同时开启一个等待状态定时器。
事件E2：接口接收到携带DR地址选项且DR地址为0的Hello报文。事件E2触发后，接口保持原来的状态。若接口处于DR选举状态，需要把自己的DR地址通过Hello报文发出去。
事件E3：接口接收到携带DR地址选项且DR地址为合法单播地址的Hello报文。事件E3触发后，接口进入DR选举状态，并采用收到的Hello报文携带的DR地址作为自己的DR。当发现自己的DR发生了改变，接口应当发送一个携带最新DR地址的Hello报文。
事件E4：接口的等待状态定时器超时。事件E4触发后，接口进入DR选举状态，按照标准RFC 4601中规定的DR选举流程进行DR选举，然后发送一个携带最新DR地址的Hello报文。
事件E5：接口停止(DOWN)。这里指接口IP地址失效或接口停止。事件E5触发后，接口进入初始化状态。
其中，于等待状态下，发送的Hello报文是携带DR地址选项且DR地址为0的Hello报文；在这个状态不进行DR选举。于DR选举状态下，发送的Hello报文是携带DR地址选项且DR地址为合法单播地址的Hello报文。
以下基于图3所示的组播网络拓扑详细描述本发明实施例公开的方法。
如图3所示，在三台PIM路由器R1～R3和IGMP用户H1相连的共享网络LAN1(Local Area Network，LAN)中，按照时序PIM路由器R1接口1启 动，PIM路由器R2接口2启动，PIM路由器R1接口1等待定时器超时，PIM路由器R3接口3启动，PIM路由器R1接口1停止进行详细分析。其中DR优先级为PIM路由器R3接口3优于PIM路由器R1接口1，PIM路由器R1接口1优于PIM路由器R2接口2。
以下，针对该网络中PIM路由器R1-R3，以及用户设备H1在网络中对应不同的触发事件响应的处理过程，进行说明：
步骤3.1：PIM路由器R1的接口1被事件E1触发，接口1启动，之后进入等待状态，同时开启一个等待状态定时器，同时发送Hello报文，该Hello报文携带DR地址选项且DR地址为0。这时候此接口处于等待状态，不进行DR选举。
步骤3.2：PIM路由器R2的接口2被事件E1触发，和步骤3.1中PIM路由器R1接口1状态启动的动作一样。
步骤3.3：PIM路由器R1接口1收到PIM路由器R2接口2发送的Hello报文，被事件E2触发，正常建立PIM邻居，同时，发现DR地址选项的地址为0且自己处于等待状态，保持等待状态且不进行DR选举。
步骤3.4：PIM路由器R1的接口1等待状态超时，被事件E4触发，进入DR选举状态，选举PIM路由器R1接口1为这个共享网络LAN1的DR，然后发送一个携带最新DR地址的Hello报文。
步骤3.5：DR选举出来之后，有IGMP或MLD用户加入的场景中，DR向这个共享网络LAN1转发组播流量。
步骤3.6：PIM路由器R2接口2收到PIM路由器R1接口1发送的Hello报文，被事件E3触发，进入DR选举状态，用收到的Hello报文携带的DR地址作为自己的DR，同时发送一个携带最新DR地址的Hello报文。
步骤3.7：PIM路由器R3接口3被事件E1触发，动作和步骤3.1中PIM路由器R1接口1状态启动的动作一样。
步骤3.8：PIM路由器R1接口1和PIM路由器R2接口2收到PIM路由器R3接口3的Hello报文，发现是新邻居，都会立即发送携带最新DR地址的Hello报文。
步骤3.9：PIM路由器R3接口3收到PIM路由器R1接口1或PIM路由器R2接口2发送的Hello报文，被事件E3触发，动作和步骤3.6中PIM路由器R2的动作一样。共享网络LAN1中的DR仍然是PIM路由器R1接口1。
步骤3.10：PIM路由器R1接口1停止，被事件E5触发，按照PIM协议发送保活时间为0的Hello报文。
步骤3.11：PIM路由器R2接口2和PIM路由器R3接口3收到步骤3.10中PIM路由器R1接口发送的Hello报文后，都会重新进行DR选举把优先级较高的PIM路由器R3接口3选为DR，并发送携带最新DR地址的Hello报文。新的DR开始负责向共享网络LAN1转发组播流量。
本实施例中，等待状态超时时间的参考值可以为邻居的默认保活时间(详见标准RFC4601 4.11章节Default_Hello_Holdtime描述)，默认是105S。然而，本发明对此并不限定。
本实施例中，Hello报文DR优先级选项类型的参考值可以为36，也可以设定其他参考值，本发明实施例对于具体类型不做限制。
此外，在一个共享网络中收到不携带DR地址选项的Hello报文且在由这个报文创建的邻居超时前，DR选举按照标准RFC4601规定处理，本发明实施例对此不做限制。
此外，本发明实施例还公开了一种减少PIM协议DR变化的系统，设置于PIM设备中，包括报文收发模块以及协议处理模块。报文接收模块，设置为在所述PIM设备加入共享网络后，接收所述共享网络中其他PIM设备发送的Hello报文，其中，所述Hello报文携带DR地址选项；协议处理模块，设置为将所述Hello报文携带的当前使用的DR地址作为所述PIM设备的接口的DR地址。
可选地，所述减少PIM协议DR变化的系统，还包括状态管理模块，设置为在所述PIM设备加入共享网络后，所述PIM设备接口接收所述共享网络中其他PIM设备发送的Hello报文前，使得所述PIM设备接口进入等待状态，开启等待状态定时器，并通过报文收发模块发送携带DR地址选项且DR地 址为0或者为空的Hello报文。
可选地，状态管理模块，还设置为当所述PIM设备接口的等待状态定时器超时后，或者，所述报文收发模块接收到携带DR地址选项且DR地址为合法单播地址的Hello报文后，结束所述PIM设备接口的等待状态，进入DR选举状态。具体而言，协议处理模块，还设置为当所述PIM设备接口的等待状态定时器超时后，选举出新的DR，并通过报文收发模块发送携带最新DR地址的Hello报文。协议处理模块，设置为当所述报文收发模块接收到携带DR地址选项且DR地址为合法单播地址的Hello报文后，将接收到的所述DR地址作为所述PIM设备接口的DR地址。
此外，本发明实施例公开的减少PIM协议DR变化的系统的具体操作过程与上述公开的减小PIM协议DR变化的方法中记载的内容相同。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有程序指令，当该程序指令被执行时可实现本发明实施例所提供的一种减少PIM协议DR变化的方法。
综上所述，本发明实施例通过新增一个PIM Hello报文的DR地址选项，所述DR地址选项携带接口自己在使用的DR地址，PIM设备加入共享网络后，通过Hello报文学习并使用原有网络中的DR，从而避免DR重新选举的发生，减少DR变化。本发明实施例是对标准RFC4601的有益补充。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以使用计算机程序流程来实现，所述计算机程序可以存储于一计算机可读存储介质中，所述计算机程序在相应的硬件平台上(如系统、设备、装置、器件等)执行，在执行时，包括方法实施例的步骤之一或其组合。
可选地，上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用集成电路来实现，这些步骤可以被分别制作成一个个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。
上述实施例中的各装置/功能模块/功能单元可以采用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上，也可以分布在多个计算装置所组 成的网络上。
上述实施例中的各装置/功能模块/功能单元以软件功能模块的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。上述提到的计算机可读取存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
工业实用性
本发明实施例解决了PIM设备加入共享网络会造成DR变化、继而解决对用户流量影响的问题，不受路由收敛性能和路由容量的影响。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种减少协议无关组播PIM协议指定路由器DR变化的方法，包括以下步骤：
    协议无关组播PIM设备加入共享网络后，PIM设备接口接收所述共享网络中其他PIM设备发送的Hello报文，其中，所述Hello报文携带DR地址选项；
    所述PIM设备接口将所述Hello报文携带的当前使用的DR地址作为本接口的DR地址。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的减少PIM协议DR变化的方法，还包括：所述PIM设备加入共享网络后，所述PIM设备接口接收所述共享网络中其他PIM设备发送的Hello报文前，所述PIM设备接口进入等待状态，开启等待状态定时器，所述PIM设备发送携带有DR地址选项的Hello报文。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的减少PIM协议DR变化的方法，其中，所述PIM设备发送的所述Hello报文携带的DR地址选项中，DR地址为0或者为空。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的减少PIM协议DR变化的方法，还包括：当所述PIM设备接口的等待状态定时器超时后，或者，当所述PIM设备接口接收到携带DR地址选项且DR地址为合法单播地址的Hello报文后，所述PIM设备接口的等待状态结束，进入DR选举状态。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的减少PIM协议DR变化的方法，其中，当所述PIM设备接口的等待状态定时器超时后，所述PIM设备接口选举出新的DR，并发送携带最新DR地址的Hello报文。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的减少PIM协议DR变化的方法，其中，所述PIM设备接口将所述Hello报文携带的当前使用的DR地址作为本接口的DR地址包括：当所述PIM设备接口接收到携带DR地址选项且DR地址为合法单播地址的Hello报文后，所述PIM设备接口将接收到的所述Hello报文携带的DR地址为本接口的DR地址。
  7. 一种减少协议无关组播PIM协议指定路由器DR变化的系统，设置 于PIM设备中，所述系统包括报文收发模块和协议处理模块，
    所述报文收发模块，设置为在所述PIM设备加入共享网络后，接收所述共享网络中其他PIM设备发送的Hello报文，其中，所述Hello报文携带DR地址选项；
    所述协议处理模块，设置为将所述Hello报文携带的当前使用的DR地址作为所述PIM设备的接口的DR地址。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的减少PIM协议DR变化的系统，还包括状态管理模块，设置为在所述PIM设备加入共享网络后，使得所述PIM设备接口进入等待状态，开启等待状态定时器，并通知所述报文收发模块发送携带DR地址选项且DR地址为0或者为空的Hello报文。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的减少PIM协议DR变化的系统，所述状态管理模块，还设置为当所述PIM设备接口的等待状态定时器超时后，或者，当所述报文收发模块接收到携带DR地址选项且DR地址为合法单播地址的Hello报文后，结束所述PIM设备接口的等待状态，进入DR选举状态。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的减少PIM协议DR变化的系统，所述协议处理模块，还设置为当所述PIM设备接口的等待状态定时器超时后，选举出新的DR，并通知所述报文收发模块发送携带最新DR地址的Hello报文。
  11. 如权利要求9所述的减少PIM协议DR变化的系统，其中，所述协议处理模块将所述Hello报文携带的当前使用的DR地址作为所述PIM设备接口的DR地址包括：所述协议处理模块，设置为当所述报文收发模块接收到携带DR地址选项且DR地址为合法单播地址的Hello报文后，将接收到的所述Hello报文携带的DR地址作为所述PIM设备接口的DR地址。
  12. 一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有程序指令，当该程序指令被执行时可实现权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法。
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