WO2016145556A1 - Thermoplastic arc-quenching tube and its application - Google Patents

Thermoplastic arc-quenching tube and its application Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016145556A1
WO2016145556A1 PCT/CN2015/074150 CN2015074150W WO2016145556A1 WO 2016145556 A1 WO2016145556 A1 WO 2016145556A1 CN 2015074150 W CN2015074150 W CN 2015074150W WO 2016145556 A1 WO2016145556 A1 WO 2016145556A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arc
quenching
weight ratio
quenching tube
tube according
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PCT/CN2015/074150
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French (fr)
Inventor
Jiansheng Chen
Gary Haynes
Yinglei WENG
Ding Wang
Yurong Lv
Jianqing WENG
Tao Yu
Jens Rocks
Zhanwei Tu
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Abb Technology Ltd
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Application filed by Abb Technology Ltd filed Critical Abb Technology Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2015/074150 priority Critical patent/WO2016145556A1/en
Publication of WO2016145556A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016145556A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/76—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid wherein arc-extinguishing gas is evolved from stationary parts; Selection of material therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/38—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H01H85/42—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc using an arc-extinguishing gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/302—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts wherein arc-extinguishing gas is evolved from stationary parts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to arc-quenching materials and articles fabricated therefrom for high-voltage, medium-voltage, and low-voltage electrical devices. More particularly, the present invention relates to a thermoplastic composition for preparing arc-quenching tubes and the arc-quenching tubes thus formed that achieves desirable arc-quenching and mechanical properties in electrical devices such as a cutout, a surge arrester, a switchgear, a disconnector, a breaker, or an interrupter.
  • Arc-quenching tube is the arc-quenching and supporting component in electrical devices.
  • the traditional arc-quenching tubes are generally two-or three-layered structures, and are mostly made of thermosetting composites, for example, epoxy composites.
  • a commonly seen epoxy composite arc-quenching tube is consisted of an inner tube made of epoxy composite with arc-quenching compound and an outer tube made of continuous glass fiber reinforced epoxy composite for supporting.
  • the manufacturing process of these epoxy composite tubes typically consists of filament winding (twice) and post curing, which is cost-consuming and time-consuming.
  • US5975145A relates to an arc-quenching fuse tube comprising an tubular body having an inner arc-quenching surface layer, which comprises an arc-quenching matrix comprising a fibrous material and an arc-quenching composition which comprises a cured composition of an aromatic epoxy resin and a linear aliphatic epoxy resin.
  • thermosetting polymer requires complicated processing techniques and equipements.
  • US2008/0169271A1 relates to an arc-extinguishing composition, and the article prepared therefrom to extinguish electrical arc.
  • the arc-extinguishing composition comprises polymeric binder, arc-extinguishing compound, and a polymeric coupling agent for binding the said polymeric binder and the arc-extinguishing compound.
  • arc-extinguishing composition of this application is encircled around a fuse as a sheath or liner, that is, as an additional layer of the fuse tube.
  • the object of the invention is, inter alia, to solve one or more of the previously described drawbacks of known solutions and problems discussed later in the description of the invention.
  • an arc-extinguishing tube can be prepared from thermoplastic polymer materials by a simple extrusion or injection molding technique.
  • an arc-quenching tube consisting of a homogeneous elongated tubular body which comprises an arc-quenching compound, a fibrous filler, and a thermoplastic binder.
  • the homogeneous elongated tubular body is prepared by a fabrication method of extrusion molding or injection molding.
  • the arc-quenching compound is selected from the group consisting of magnesium hydroxide (Mg (OH) 2 ) , zinc borate (2ZnO ⁇ 3B 2 O 3 .3 ⁇ 5H 2 O) , aluminum hydroxide (Al (OH) 3 ) , the di, tri, and pentahydrate salts of magnesium carbonate (MgCO 3 ⁇ 2H 2 O, MgCO 3 ⁇ 3H 2 O, and MgCO 3 ⁇ 5H 2 O) , artinite (MgCO 3 ⁇ Mg (OH) 2 ⁇ 3H 2 O) , hydromagnestite (4MgCO 3 ⁇ Mg (OH) 2 ⁇ 4H 2 O) , dipingite (4MgCO 3 ⁇ Mg (OH) 2 ⁇ 5H 2 O) , melamine, guanidine, guanidine acetate, guanidine carbonate, 1, 3 diphenylguanidine, a cyanurate, a
  • the fibrous filler is selected from the group consisting of polyester, polyurethane, rayon, acrylic, polyamide, cotton, cellulose, glass fibers, and combinations thereof.
  • the thermoplastic binder includes a functionality selected from the group consisting of anhydride, hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amine, amide, ether, lactam, lactone, ester, sulfate, sulfonate, sulfinate, sulfamate, phosphate, phosphonate, phosphinate, and combinations thereof.
  • thermoplastic binder is selected from the group consisting of polyester, polyamide, and combinations thereof.
  • the arc-quenching compound has a weight ratio of 5-50%, preferably a weight ratio of 10-50%, more preferably a weight ratio of 10-40%, still more preferably a weight ratio of 10-30%, based on the total weight of the arc-quenching tube.
  • the fibrous filler has a weight ratio of 5-50%, preferably a weight ratio of 5-30%, more preferably a weight ratio of 10-25%, based on the total weight of the arc-quenching tube.
  • the thermoplastic binder has a weight ratio of 5-90%, preferably a weight ratio of 10-85%, more preferably a weight ratio of 30-85%, still more preferably a weight ratio of 40-80%, based on the total weight of the arc-quenching tube.
  • an electrical device comprising an arc-quenching tube as set out in the first aspect, and such a device can be a cut-out, a surge arrester, a switchgear, a disconnector, a breaker, or an interrupter.
  • a composition comprising an arc-quenching compound, a fibrous filler, and a thermoplastic binder for the preparation of arc-quenching tube, during which the composition is extrusion or injection molded to form the tube.
  • thermoplastic arc-quenching tube of the present invention has excellent mechanical strength and stiffness, as well as qualified arc-quenching performance.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of the arc-quenching tube in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is an end view of the arc-quenching tube of Figure 1.
  • the terms ′′about′′ and ′′approximately′′ denote an interval of accuracy that a person skilled in the art will understand to still ensure the technical effect of the feature in question.
  • the term typically indicates a deviation from the indicated numerical value of ⁇ 10 %, preferably ⁇ 5 % or even ⁇ 1%.
  • the term ′′comprising′′ is not limiting.
  • the term ′′consisting essentially of′′ is considered to be a preferred embodiment of the term ′′comprising′′ . If hereinafter a group is defined to comprise at least a certain number of embodiments, this is meant to also encompass a group which preferably consists of these embodiments only.
  • the phrase “consisting essentially of” when denoting the constitution of a composition, means that the composition contains specified materials and those do not materially affect the basic and novel characteristic (s) of the composition.
  • there is no more than 10wt% of components in the composition other than the specified components preferably no more than 8wt%, more preferably no more than 5wt%, and even more preferably no more than 2wt%.
  • the term “homogeneous” indicates that the tubular body is homogeneous or uniform in composition along its thickness direction.
  • the tubular body has a mono-layer structure, in which the arc-quenching compound and the fibrous filler, as well as other possible additives, are uniformly dispersed in a matrix formed essentially from thermoplastic binder.
  • the present invention is directed to arc-quenching tubes for use in electrical devices.
  • the arc-quenching tubes are desirably capable of quenching arcs which may occur in the electrical devices.
  • quenching generally refers to the suppression, extinguishment and/or quenching of an electrical arc.
  • the arc-quenching tubes of the present invention may exhibit superior mechanical strength and structural endurance during use.
  • the present arc-quenching tubes also enable a substantially reduce cost of manufacturing as extrusion or injection molding techniques can be carried out in a more simple process and equipment compared with those needed for conventional thermosetting compositions.
  • the arc-quenching tubes of the present invention comprise, or consisting of, elongated, tubular or cylindrical bodies, which comprises an arc-quenching compound, a fibrous filler, and a thermoplastic binder.
  • This arc-quenching tube can be used in electrical devices, such as a cutout, a surge arrester, a switchgear, a disconnector, a breaker, or an interrupter.
  • the arc-quenching mechanism of most arc-quenching compounds is the capability of generating inert gas, such as water, ammonia, or nitrogen, under arcing conditions (high temperatures) within the tube.
  • inert gas such as water, ammonia, or nitrogen
  • the inert gas under high pressure expands rapidly, dilute the ionized air, and consequently quench the arc. All of this occurs at a sufficiently rapid rate that the arc is quenched so early in the event that overall erosion of the tube material is significantly decreased.
  • the arc-quenching compound that is suitable for the present invention includes inorganic or organic compounds.
  • inorganic compounds mention may be made of magnesium hydroxide (Mg (OH) 2 ) , zinc borate (2ZnO ⁇ 3B 2 O 3.3 ⁇ 5H 2 O) , aluminum hydroxide (Al (OH) 3 ) , the di, tri, and pentahydrate salts of magnesium carbonate (MgCO 3 ⁇ 2H 2 O, MgCO 3 ⁇ 3H 2 O, and MgCO 3 ⁇ 5H 2 O) , artinite (MgCO 3 ⁇ Mg (OH) 2 ⁇ 3H 2 O) , hydromagnestite (4MgCO 3 ⁇ Mg (OH) 2 ⁇ 4H 2 O) , dipingite (4MgCO 3 ⁇ Mg (OH) 2 ⁇ 5H 2 O) .
  • magnesium hydroxide Mg (OH) 2
  • Organic compounds can be melamine, guanidine, guanidine acetate, guanidine carbonate, 1, 3 diphenylguanidine, a cyanurate, a melamine cyanurate, hydantoin, allantoin, urea, urea phosphate, benzoguanidine, dithioammelide, ammeline, a cyanuric halide, a fluorine containing polymer like Teflon, a silicone, a polyester, a polyurethane, and combinations thereof.
  • the arc-quenching compound has a weight ratio of 5-50%, preferably a weight ratio of 10-50%, more preferably a weight ratio of 10-40%, still more preferably a weight ratio of 10-30%, based on the total weight of the arc-quenching tube.
  • the abrupt high temperature during arc condition causes the air (ionized or unionized) within the tube and the inert gas generated by arc-quenching compounds to expand suddenly, like an explosion.
  • the rapid pressure rise within the arc-quenching tube requires high mechanical strength of the tube. Fibrous fillers are suitable reinforcement for high resistance to impact and bending.
  • the fibrous fillers are employed in the arc-quenching tubes.
  • Exemplary fibrous fillers include, for example, polyester, polyurethane, rayon, acrylic, cellulose, nylon, cotton, cellulose, glass fibers, and the like.
  • the fibrous fillers are polymeric fibers, for example polyester fibers or polyamide fibers.
  • polyesters mention may be made of, but not limited to, aliphatic polyesters (such as PMA, PMMA) , aromatic polyesters (such as PET, PTT, PBT) , and any combination thereof.
  • polyamides mention may be made of, but not limited to, common polyamide fibers, such as PA6, PA66, PA12, PA610, PA46, PA612, etc.
  • the amount of fibrous filler which may be included in the arc-quenching tubes can vary and depends, for example, on the particular fibrous filler and arc-quenching composition employed. Generally speaking, the fibrous filler may be present in the arc-quenching tube, based on the total weight of the tube, in an amount of from about 5 to about 50% by weight, and all combinations and subcombinations of ranges therein. Preferably, the fibrous filler is present in the arc-quenching tube in an amount of from about 5 to about 30% by weight, with amounts of from about 10 to about 25% by weight being more preferred.
  • thermoplastic binder is usually in the form of granule or powder before molding. It is to bind the arc-quenching compound and fibrous filler together to form a tubular body through particular molding techniques, and thus can also be considered as a matrix. Some thermoplastic binders also provide a certain amount of carbon for reaction with water during the arc-quenching function of the tube.
  • the utilization of thermoplastic binder in the arc-quenching tube makes it possible to be molded by extrusion or injection. Particularly, for thermoplastic binder that can be extruded into tube, high melt viscosity, melt strength and melt stablitiy is needed, while for thermoplastic binder that can be injected into tube, low melt visicosity is needed.
  • thermoplastic binder suitable for use in the present invention contains a functionality selected from the group consisting of anhydride, hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amine, amide, ether, lactam, lactone, ester, sulfate, sulfonate, sulfinate, sulfamate, phosphate, phosphonate, phosphinate, and combinations thereof.
  • suitable polymeric binders include polypropylene, polycarbonate, polystyrene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polysulfone, polyester such as polybutylene terphthalate (PBT) , polyethylene terphthalate (PET) and poly (trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) , polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetherimide, polyurethane, polyphenylene oxide, polyetheretherketone, polyarylether ketone, polyetherketoneetherketoneketone, polyphthalamide, polyetherketoneketone, and blends of any two or more of these polymers.
  • PBT polybutylene terphthalate
  • PET polyethylene terphthalate
  • PTT poly (trimethylene terephthalate)
  • polyamide polyphenylene sulfide
  • polyetherimide polyurethane
  • polyphenylene oxide polyetheretherketone
  • polyarylether ketone polyetherketoneetherket
  • thermoplastic binder is selected from the group consisting of polyester, polyamide, and combinations thereof.
  • the thermoplastic binder has a weight ratio of 5-90%, preferably a weight ratio of 10-85%, more preferably a weight ratio of 30-85%, still more preferably a weight ratio of 40-80%, based on the total weight of the arc-quenching tube.
  • Additives that are often used in the extrusion or injection molding process are possible to be used in the arc-quenching tube.
  • examples are plasticizer, dispersant, stablizer, antioxidant, and defoamer. These compounds can be selected by those skilled in the art, as long as the properties of arc-quenching tubes are not affected, and the said additives serves the intended purpose.
  • arc-quenching compound, fibrous filler, and thermoplastic binder may first be homogenized by compounding using dry blending, roll milling, extrusion granulation and/or other plastic compounding techniques to obtain the molding resin composition.
  • the molding resin composition is then molded into tubes using extrusion or injection molding techniques.
  • the extrusion or injection molding is carried out under a temperature of higher than 160 °C, more preferably higher than 200 °C, and most preferably higher than 220 °C.
  • the temperature for extrusion or injection molding has no particularly determined higher limit, as long as the thermoplastic binder is melted while the fibrous material remains in the compounded mixture.
  • the extrusion or injection molding temperature can be lower than 400 °C, more preferably lower than 350 °C, and most preferably lower than 300 °C.
  • An exemplified temperature range for extrusion molding of poly (trimethylene terephthalate) is 240-260 °C
  • an exemplified temperature range for injection molding of polyamides is 270-290 °C.
  • the following examples are directed to the preparation of an extruded thermoplastic arc-quenching cutout tube.
  • Thermoplastic arc-quenching cutout tubes were prepared using the components in the indicated amounts as listed in Table 1.
  • the inner diameter of the tube was about 13.3 mm,the outer diameter was about 25.2 mm, and the length was about 360 mm.
  • the tubes were extrusion molded by an extrusion molding machine at temperatures from 240 to 260 °C.
  • the cutout tubes prepared were subjected to breaking tests in accordance with IEC Standard 60682-2 1997 “High-voltage fuses-Part 2: Expulsion fuses” .
  • the cutout tubes passed the tests with rated current 8 kA and 12.5 kA satisfactorily.
  • Example 1-A was repeated, except that the 710 was replaced with SB 432.
  • Example 1-A was repeated, except that the 710 was replaced with Goyenchen-AP462, and the PET was replaced with PBT.
  • the following examples are directed to the preparation of an injected thermoplastic arc-quenching cutout tube.
  • Thermoplastic arc-quenching cutout tubes were prepared using the components in the indicated amounts as listed in Table 1.
  • the inner diameter of the tube was about 13.3 mm, the outer diameter was about 25.2 mm, and the length was about 360 mm.
  • the tubes were injection molded on an injection molding machine at temperatures from 270 to 290 °C.
  • cutout tubes prepared were assembled into cutouts and subjected to breaking tests in accordance with IEC Standard 60682-2 1997 “High-voltage fuses-Part 2: Expulsion fuses” .
  • the cutouts passed the tests with rated current 8 kA and 12.5 kA satisfactorily.
  • Example 2-A was repeated, except that the 710 was replaced with SB 432.
  • Example 2-A was repeated, except that the 710 was replaced with Goyenchen-AP462, and the PBT was replaced with PET.
  • the following examples are directed to the preparation of an extruded thermoplastic arc-quenching tube.
  • Thermoplastic arc-quenching tubes for load break switches were prepared using the components in the indicated amounts as listed in Table 1.
  • the inner diameter of the tube was about 48.2 mm, the outer diameter was about 63.5 mtn, and the length was about 200 mm.
  • the tubes were extrusion molded by an extrusion molding machine at temperatures from 240 to 260 °C.
  • the arc-quenching tubes prepared were assembled into load break switches and subjected to making and breaking tests in accordance with IEC Standard 60256-1 1998 “High-voltage switches-Part 1: Switches for rated voltage above 1 kV and less than 52 kV” .
  • the load break switches passed the tests with rated voltage 25 kV and 34.5 kV satisfactorily.
  • Example 3-A was repeated, except that the 710 was replaced with SB 432, the PA66 was replaced with PA6, and the amounts of the components were changed.
  • Example 3-A was repeated, except that the 710 was replaced with Goyenchen-AP462, and the amounts of the components were changed.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to an arc-quenching tube consisting of a homogeneous elongated tubular body, in which the tubular body comprises an arc-quenching compound, a fibrous filler, and a thermoplastic binder. The arc-extinguishing tube of the present invention can be prepared from thermoplastic polymer materials by a simple extrusion or injection molding technique. The present arc-quenching tubes also can substantially reduce cost of manufacturing.

Description

THERMOPLASTIC ARC-QUENCHING TUBE AND ITS APPLICATION  Field of the invention
The present invention relates to arc-quenching materials and articles fabricated therefrom for high-voltage， medium-voltage， and low-voltage electrical devices. More particularly， the present invention relates to a thermoplastic composition for preparing arc-quenching tubes and the arc-quenching tubes thus formed that achieves desirable arc-quenching and mechanical properties in electrical devices such as a cutout， a surge arrester， a switchgear， a disconnector， a breaker， or an interrupter.
Background of the invention
Arc-quenching tube is the arc-quenching and supporting component in electrical devices. The traditional arc-quenching tubes are generally two-or three-layered structures， and are mostly made of thermosetting composites， for example， epoxy composites. A commonly seen epoxy composite arc-quenching tube is consisted of an inner tube made of epoxy composite with arc-quenching compound and an outer tube made of continuous glass fiber reinforced epoxy composite for supporting. The manufacturing process of these epoxy composite tubes typically consists of filament winding (twice) and post curing， which is cost-consuming and time-consuming.
US5975145A relates to an arc-quenching fuse tube comprising an tubular body having an inner arc-quenching surface layer， which comprises an arc-quenching matrix comprising a fibrous material and an arc-quenching composition which comprises a cured composition of an aromatic epoxy resin and a linear aliphatic epoxy resin. However， the use of thermosetting polymer requires complicated processing techniques and equipements.
US2008/0169271A1 relates to an arc-extinguishing composition， and the article prepared therefrom to extinguish electrical arc. The arc-extinguishing composition comprises polymeric binder， arc-extinguishing compound， and a polymeric coupling agent for binding the said polymeric binder and the arc-extinguishing compound. For preparing the fuse tube， arc-extinguishing composition of this application is encircled around a fuse as a sheath or liner， that is， as an additional layer of the fuse tube.
Therefore， there is still a need of arc-quenching tubes that can be industrially prepared by simple methods without sacrificing the mechanical strength and product stability， and at the same time have desired arc-extinguishing effects.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is， inter alia， to solve one or more of the previously described drawbacks of known solutions and problems discussed later in the description of the invention.
Through extensive studies， the inventors of the present application have found that an arc-extinguishing tube can be prepared from thermoplastic polymer materials by a simple extrusion or injection molding technique.
According to one aspect of the invention， there is provided an arc-quenching tube consisting of a homogeneous elongated tubular body which comprises an arc-quenching compound， a fibrous filler， and a thermoplastic binder.
In one embodiment of the present invention， the homogeneous elongated tubular body is prepared by a fabrication method of extrusion molding or injection molding.
In one embodiment of the present invention， the arc-quenching compound is selected from the group consisting of magnesium hydroxide (Mg (OH) 2) ， zinc borate (2ZnO·3B2O3.3 ·5H2O) ， aluminum hydroxide (Al (OH) 3) ， the di， tri， and pentahydrate salts of magnesium carbonate (MgCO3·2H2O， MgCO3·3H2O， and MgCO3·5H2O) ， artinite (MgCO3·Mg (OH) 2·3H2O) ， hydromagnestite (4MgCO3·Mg (OH) 2·4H2O) ， dipingite (4MgCO3·Mg (OH) 2·5H2O) ， melamine， guanidine， guanidine acetate， guanidine carbonate， 1， 3 diphenylguanidine， a cyanurate， a melamine cyanurate， hydantoin， allantoin， urea， urea phosphate， benzoguanidine， dithioammelide， ammeline， a cyanuric halide， a fluorine containing polymer like Teflon， a silicone， a polyester， a polyurethane， and combinations thereof.
In one embodiment of the present invention， the fibrous filler is selected from the group consisting of polyester， polyurethane， rayon， acrylic， polyamide， cotton， cellulose， glass fibers， and combinations thereof.
In one embodiment of the present invention， the thermoplastic binder includes a functionality selected from the group consisting of anhydride， hydroxyl， carbonyl， carboxyl， amine， amide， ether， lactam， lactone， ester， sulfate， sulfonate， sulfinate， sulfamate， phosphate， phosphonate， phosphinate， and combinations thereof.
In one embodiment of the present invention， the thermoplastic binder is selected from the group consisting of polyester， polyamide， and combinations thereof.
In one embodiment of the present invention， the arc-quenching compound has a weight ratio of 5-50％， preferably a weight ratio of 10-50％， more preferably a weight ratio of 10-40％， still more preferably a weight ratio of 10-30％， based on the total weight of the arc-quenching tube.
In one embodiment of the present invention， the fibrous filler has a weight ratio of 5-50％， preferably a weight ratio of 5-30％， more preferably a weight ratio of 10-25％， based on the total weight of the arc-quenching tube.
In one embodiment of the present invention， the thermoplastic binder has a weight ratio of 5-90％， preferably a weight ratio of 10-85％， more preferably a weight ratio of 30-85％， still more preferably a weight ratio of 40-80％， based on the total weight of the arc-quenching tube.
According to another aspect of the present invention， there is provided an electrical device comprising an arc-quenching tube as set out in the first aspect， and such a device can be a cut-out， a surge arrester， a switchgear， a disconnector， a breaker， or an interrupter.
According to a further aspect of the present invention， there is provided the use of a composition comprising an arc-quenching compound， a fibrous filler， and a thermoplastic binder for the preparation of arc-quenching tube， during which the composition is extrusion or injection molded to form the tube.
The thermoplastic arc-quenching tube of the present invention has excellent mechanical strength and stiffness， as well as qualified arc-quenching performance.
Brief description of the drawings
In the following， the present invention will be described in more detail by way of example and with reference to the attached drawings， in which
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the arc-quenching tube in accordance with the present invention；
Figure 2 is an end view of the arc-quenching tube of Figure 1.
Detailed description
Although the present invention will be described with respect to particular embodiments， this description is not to be construed in a limiting sense.
As used in this specification and in the appended claims， the singular forms of ″a″ and ″an″ also include the respective plurals unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In the context of the present invention， the terms ″about″ and ″approximately″ denote an interval of accuracy that a person skilled in the art will understand to still ensure the technical effect of the feature in question. The term typically indicates a deviation from the indicated numerical value of ±10 ％， preferably ±5 ％ or even ±1％.
It is to be understood that the term ″comprising″ is not limiting. For the purposes of the present invention the term ″consisting essentially of″ is considered to be a preferred embodiment of the term ″comprising″ . If hereinafter a group is defined to comprise at least a certain number of embodiments， this is meant to also encompass a group which preferably consists of these embodiments only.
It is further to be understood that the phrase “consisting essentially of” ， when denoting the constitution of a composition， means that the composition contains specified materials and those do not materially affect the basic and novel characteristic (s) of the composition. Generally speaking， there is no more than 10wt％ of components in the composition other than the specified components， preferably no more than 8wt％， more preferably no more than 5wt％， and even more preferably no more than 2wt％.
As used herein， the term “homogeneous” indicates that the tubular body is homogeneous or uniform in composition along its thickness direction. In other words， the tubular body has a mono-layer structure， in which the arc-quenching compound and the fibrous filler， as well as other possible additives， are uniformly dispersed in a matrix formed essentially from thermoplastic binder.
Hereinafter， exemplary embodiments will be referred to in describing the mechanism and spirit of the present disclosure. It should be understood that these embodiments are merely provided to facilitate those skilled in the art in understanding and in turn implementing the present disclosure， but not for limiting the scope of the present disclosure in any way.
Arc-quenching Tubes
The present invention is directed to arc-quenching tubes for use in electrical devices. The arc-quenching tubes are desirably capable of quenching arcs which may occur in the electrical devices. The term “quenching’ ， as used herein， generally refers to the suppression， extinguishment and/or quenching of an electrical arc. In preferred embodiments， the arc-quenching tubes of the present invention may exhibit superior mechanical strength and structural endurance during use. At the same time， the present arc-quenching tubes also enable a substantially reduce cost of manufacturing as extrusion or injection molding techniques can be carried out in a more simple process and equipment compared with those needed for conventional thermosetting compositions.
The arc-quenching tubes of the present invention comprise， or consisting of， elongated， tubular or cylindrical bodies， which comprises an arc-quenching compound， a fibrous filler， and a thermoplastic binder.
This arc-quenching tube can be used in electrical devices， such as a cutout， a surge arrester， a switchgear， a disconnector， a breaker， or an interrupter.
Arc-quenching Compounds
The arc-quenching mechanism of most arc-quenching compounds is the capability of generating inert gas， such as water， ammonia， or nitrogen， under arcing conditions  (high temperatures) within the tube. The inert gas under high pressure expands rapidly， dilute the ionized air， and consequently quench the arc. All of this occurs at a sufficiently rapid rate that the arc is quenched so early in the event that overall erosion of the tube material is significantly decreased.
The arc-quenching compound that is suitable for the present invention includes inorganic or organic compounds. For inorganic compounds， mention may be made of magnesium hydroxide (Mg (OH) 2) ， zinc borate (2ZnO·3B2O3.3·5H2O) ， aluminum hydroxide (Al (OH) 3) ， the di， tri， and pentahydrate salts of magnesium carbonate (MgCO3·2H2O， MgCO3·3H2O， and MgCO3·5H2O) ， artinite (MgCO3·Mg (OH) 2·3H2O) ， hydromagnestite (4MgCO3·Mg (OH) 2·4H2O) ， dipingite (4MgCO3·Mg (OH) 2·5H2O) . Organic compounds can be melamine， guanidine， guanidine acetate， guanidine carbonate， 1， 3 diphenylguanidine， a cyanurate， a melamine cyanurate， hydantoin， allantoin， urea， urea phosphate， benzoguanidine， dithioammelide， ammeline， a cyanuric halide， a fluorine containing polymer like Teflon， a silicone， a polyester， a polyurethane， and combinations thereof.
In an embodiment of the present invention， the arc-quenching compound has a weight ratio of 5-50％， preferably a weight ratio of 10-50％， more preferably a weight ratio of 10-40％， still more preferably a weight ratio of 10-30％， based on the total weight of the arc-quenching tube.
Fibrous Fillers
The abrupt high temperature during arc condition causes the air (ionized or unionized) within the tube and the inert gas generated by arc-quenching compounds to expand suddenly， like an explosion. The rapid pressure rise within the arc-quenching tube requires high mechanical strength of the tube. Fibrous fillers are suitable reinforcement for high resistance to impact and bending.
The fibrous fillers are employed in the arc-quenching tubes. Exemplary fibrous fillers include， for example， polyester， polyurethane， rayon， acrylic， cellulose， nylon， cotton， cellulose， glass fibers， and the like. In preferred embodiments， the fibrous fillers are polymeric fibers， for example polyester fibers or polyamide fibers. As specific embodiments of polyesters， mention may be made of， but not limited to， aliphatic polyesters (such as PMA， PMMA) ， aromatic polyesters (such as PET， PTT， PBT) ， and  any combination thereof. As specific embodiments of polyamides， mention may be made of， but not limited to， common polyamide fibers， such as PA6， PA66， PA12， PA610， PA46， PA612， etc.
The amount of fibrous filler which may be included in the arc-quenching tubes can vary and depends， for example， on the particular fibrous filler and arc-quenching composition employed. Generally speaking， the fibrous filler may be present in the arc-quenching tube， based on the total weight of the tube， in an amount of from about 5 to about 50％ by weight， and all combinations and subcombinations of ranges therein. Preferably， the fibrous filler is present in the arc-quenching tube in an amount of from about 5 to about 30％ by weight， with amounts of from about 10 to about 25％ by weight being more preferred.
Thermoplastic Binders
The thermoplastic binder is usually in the form of granule or powder before molding. It is to bind the arc-quenching compound and fibrous filler together to form a tubular body through particular molding techniques， and thus can also be considered as a matrix. Some thermoplastic binders also provide a certain amount of carbon for reaction with water during the arc-quenching function of the tube. The utilization of thermoplastic binder in the arc-quenching tube makes it possible to be molded by extrusion or injection. Particularly， for thermoplastic binder that can be extruded into tube， high melt viscosity， melt strength and melt stablitiy is needed， while for thermoplastic binder that can be injected into tube， low melt visicosity is needed.
The thermoplastic binder suitable for use in the present invention contains a functionality selected from the group consisting of anhydride， hydroxyl， carbonyl， carboxyl， amine， amide， ether， lactam， lactone， ester， sulfate， sulfonate， sulfinate， sulfamate， phosphate， phosphonate， phosphinate， and combinations thereof. Examples of suitable polymeric binders include polypropylene， polycarbonate， polystyrene， acrylonitrile butadiene styrene， polysulfone， polyester such as polybutylene terphthalate (PBT) ， polyethylene terphthalate (PET) and poly (trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) ， polyamide， polyphenylene sulfide， polyetherimide， polyurethane， polyphenylene oxide， polyetheretherketone，  polyarylether ketone， polyetherketoneetherketoneketone， polyphthalamide， polyetherketoneketone， and blends of any two or more of these polymers.
In a preferred embodiment， the thermoplastic binder is selected from the group consisting of polyester， polyamide， and combinations thereof.
In one embodiment of the present invention， the thermoplastic binder has a weight ratio of 5-90％， preferably a weight ratio of 10-85％， more preferably a weight ratio of 30-85％， still more preferably a weight ratio of 40-80％， based on the total weight of the arc-quenching tube.
Other Additives
Additives that are often used in the extrusion or injection molding process are possible to be used in the arc-quenching tube. Examples are plasticizer， dispersant， stablizer， antioxidant， and defoamer. These compounds can be selected by those skilled in the art， as long as the properties of arc-quenching tubes are not affected， and the said additives serves the intended purpose.
Method of Preparing the Arc-Quenching Tubes
To prepare the arc-quenching tube， arc-quenching compound， fibrous filler， and thermoplastic binder may first be homogenized by compounding using dry blending， roll milling， extrusion granulation and/or other plastic compounding techniques to obtain the molding resin composition. The molding resin composition is then molded into tubes using extrusion or injection molding techniques.
According to an embodiment of the present invention， the extrusion or injection molding is carried out under a temperature of higher than 160 ℃， more preferably higher than 200 ℃， and most preferably higher than 220 ℃. Generally， the temperature for extrusion or injection molding has no particularly determined higher limit， as long as the thermoplastic binder is melted while the fibrous material remains in the compounded mixture. Preferably， the extrusion or injection molding temperature can be lower than 400 ℃， more preferably lower than 350 ℃， and most preferably lower than 300 ℃. An exemplified temperature range for extrusion  molding of poly (trimethylene terephthalate) is 240-260 ℃， and an exemplified temperature range for injection molding of polyamides is 270-290 ℃.
Examples
The following examples are for illustration purpose only， and should not be construed as limitation to the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The following examples are directed to the preparation of an extruded thermoplastic arc-quenching cutout tube.
Examples 1-A
Thermoplastic arc-quenching cutout tubes were prepared using the components in the indicated amounts as listed in Table 1. The inner diameter of the tube was about 13.3 mm，the outer diameter was about 25.2 mm， and the length was about 360 mm. The tubes were extrusion molded by an extrusion molding machine at temperatures from 240 to 260 ℃.
The cutout tubes prepared were subjected to breaking tests in accordance with IEC Standard 60682-2 1997 “High-voltage fuses-Part 2： Expulsion fuses” . The cutout tubes passed the tests with rated current 8 kA and 12.5 kA satisfactorily.
Table 1：
Figure PCTCN2015074150-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2015074150-appb-000002
Example 1-B
Example 1-A was repeated， except that the 
Figure PCTCN2015074150-appb-000003
 710 was replaced with SB 432.
Example 1-C
Example 1-A was repeated， except that the 
Figure PCTCN2015074150-appb-000004
 710 was replaced with Goyenchen-AP462， and the PET was replaced with PBT.
Example 2
The following examples are directed to the preparation of an injected thermoplastic arc-quenching cutout tube.
Examples 2-A
Thermoplastic arc-quenching cutout tubes were prepared using the components in the indicated amounts as listed in Table 1. The inner diameter of the tube was about 13.3 mm， the outer diameter was about 25.2 mm， and the length was about 360 mm. The tubes were injection molded on an injection molding machine at temperatures from 270 to 290 ℃.
The cutout tubes prepared were assembled into cutouts and subjected to breaking tests in accordance with IEC Standard 60682-2 1997 “High-voltage fuses-Part 2： Expulsion fuses” . The cutouts passed the tests with rated current 8 kA and 12.5 kA satisfactorily.
Example 2-B
Example 2-A was repeated， except that the 
Figure PCTCN2015074150-appb-000005
 710 was replaced with SB 432.
Example 2-C
Example 2-A was repeated， except that the 
Figure PCTCN2015074150-appb-000006
 710 was replaced with Goyenchen-AP462， and the PBT was replaced with PET.
Example 3
The following examples are directed to the preparation of an extruded thermoplastic arc-quenching tube.
Examples 3-A
Thermoplastic arc-quenching tubes for load break switches were prepared using the components in the indicated amounts as listed in Table 1. The inner diameter of the tube was about 48.2 mm， the outer diameter was about 63.5 mtn， and the length was about 200 mm. The tubes were extrusion molded by an extrusion molding machine at temperatures from 240 to 260 ℃.
The arc-quenching tubes prepared were assembled into load break switches and subjected to making and breaking tests in accordance with IEC Standard 60256-1 1998 “High-voltage switches-Part 1： Switches for rated voltage above 1 kV and less than 52 kV” . The load break switches passed the tests with rated voltage 25 kV and 34.5 kV satisfactorily.
Example 3-B
Example 3-A was repeated， except that the 
Figure PCTCN2015074150-appb-000007
 710 was replaced with SB 432， the PA66 was replaced with PA6， and the amounts of the components were changed. 
Example 3-C
Example 3-A was repeated， except that the 
Figure PCTCN2015074150-appb-000008
 710 was replaced with Goyenchen-AP462， and the amounts of the components were changed.
It is to be understood that the above description and the accompanying Figures are only intended to illustrate the present invention. It will be apparent to a person skilled in the art that the inventive concept can be implemented in various ways. The invention and its embodiments are not limited to the examples described above but may vary within the scope of the claims.

Claims (13)

  1. An arc-quenching tube consisting of a homogeneous elongated tubular body， in which the tubular body comprises an arc-quenching compound， a fibrous filler， and a thermoplastic binder.
  2. An arc-quenching tube according to claim 1， wherein said homogeneous elongated tubular body prepared by a fabrication method of extrusion molding.
  3. An arc-quenching tube according to claim 1， wherein said homogeneous elongated tubular body prepared by a fabrication method of injection molding.
  4. An arc-quenching tube according to any one of the previous claims， wherein said arc-quenching compound is selected from the group consisting of magnesium hydroxide (Mg (OH) 2) ， zinc borate (2ZnO·3B2O3.3·5H2O) ， aluminum hydroxide (Al (OH) 3) ， the di， tri， and pentahydrate salts of magnesium carbonate (MgCO3 ·2H2O， MgCO3 ·3H2O， and MgCO3 ·5H2O) ， artinite (MgCO3·Mg (OH) 2·3H2O) ， hydromagnestite (4MgCO3·Mg (OH) 2·4H2O) ， dipingite (4MgCO3·Mg (OH) 2·5H2O) ， melamine， guanidine， guanidine acetate， guanidine carbonate， 1， 3 diphenylguanidine， a cyanurate， a melamine cyanurate， hydantoin， allantoin， urea， urea phosphate， benzoguanidine， dithioammelide， ammeline， a cyanuric halide， a fluorine containing polymer like Teflon， a silicone， a polyester， a polyurethane， and combinations thereof.
  5. An arc-quenching tube according to any one of the previous claims， wherein said fibrous filler is selected from the group consisting of polyester， polyurethane， rayon， acrylic， polyamide， cotton， cellulose， glass fibers， and combinations thereof.
  6. An arc-quenching tube according to any one of the previous claims， wherein said thermoplastic binder includes a functionality selected from the group consisting of anhydride， hydroxyl， carbonyl， carboxyl， amine， amide， ether， lactam， lactone， ester， sulfate， sulfonate， sulfinate， sulfamate， phosphate， phosphonate， phosphinate， and combinations thereof.
  7. An arc-quenching tube according to any one of the previous claims， wherein said thermoplastic binder is selected from the group consisting of polyester， polyamide， and combinations thereof.
  8. An arc-quenching tube according to any one of the previous claims， wherein said arc-quenching compound has a weight ratio of 5-50％， preferably a weight ratio of 10-50％， more preferably a weight ratio of 10-40％， still more preferably a weight ratio of 10-30％， based on the total weight of the arc-quenching tube.
  9. An arc-quenching tube according to any one of the previous claims， wherein said fibrous filler has a weight ratio of 5-50％， preferably a weight ratio of 5-30％， more preferably a weight ratio of 10-25％， based on the total weight of the arc-quenching tube.
  10. An arc-quenching tube according to any one of the previous claims， wherein said thermoplastic binder has a weight ratio of 5-90％， preferably a weight ratio of 10-85％， more preferably a weight ratio of 30-85％， still more preferably a weight ratio of 40-80％， based on the total weight of the arc-quenching tube.
  11. An electrical device comprising an arc-quenching tube according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
  12. An electrical device according to claim 11， wherein said device is a cut-out， a surge arrester， a switchgear， a disconnector， a breaker， or an interrupter.
  13. Use of a composition comprising an arc-quenching compound， a fibrous filler， and a thermoplastic binder for the preparation of arc-quenching tube， wherein the composition is extrusion or injection molded to form the tube.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112679952A (en) * 2020-12-25 2021-04-20 南京萨特科技发展有限公司 Gas-generating arc extinguishing tube and preparation method thereof
CN112679952B (en) * 2020-12-25 2023-05-26 南京萨特科技发展有限公司 Gas-generating arc-extinguishing tube and preparation method thereof

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