WO2016141814A1 - 电源适配器 - Google Patents

电源适配器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016141814A1
WO2016141814A1 PCT/CN2016/074907 CN2016074907W WO2016141814A1 WO 2016141814 A1 WO2016141814 A1 WO 2016141814A1 CN 2016074907 W CN2016074907 W CN 2016074907W WO 2016141814 A1 WO2016141814 A1 WO 2016141814A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
output port
processor
power adapter
voltage divider
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/074907
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张加亮
Original Assignee
广东欧珀移动通信有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 filed Critical 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司
Priority to EP16761041.9A priority Critical patent/EP3160005A4/en
Publication of WO2016141814A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016141814A1/zh
Priority to US15/403,680 priority patent/US10003213B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/022—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
    • H02H9/041—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using a short-circuiting device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0045—Converters combining the concepts of switch-mode regulation and linear regulation, e.g. linear pre-regulator to switching converter, linear and switching converter in parallel, same converter or same transistor operating either in linear or switching mode

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of charging technology and, more particularly, to a power adapter.
  • the power adapter converts the alternating current into a direct current of a predetermined voltage and transmits it to the electronic device, and is provided with a charging control circuit electronically, and controls the charging of the battery by the charging control current.
  • the charging control circuit fails, the charging voltage cannot be controlled.
  • the charging voltage is too large, the battery may be damaged or even exploded, which seriously affects the safety of use.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a power adapter, which can improve the security of charging.
  • a power adapter in a first aspect, includes: an adapter body for obtaining an alternating current from a power source, and converting the alternating current into a direct current having a predetermined voltage; and an output port including a positive pole electrically connected to the adapter body An output port and a negative output port, configured to obtain the DC power from the adapter body, and provide the DC power to the external device through the positive output port and the negative output port; a voltage divider connected to the positive output port and the negative output Between the ports, after the control signal is received, the voltage dividing process is performed, so that the voltage outputted through the positive output port and the negative output port is less than or equal to a preset value; and the processor is communicably connected to the voltage divider. Used to send a control signal to the voltage divider.
  • the power adapter further includes:
  • An input port communicatively coupled to the processor for receiving information transmitted by the external device and transmitting the information to the processor
  • the processor is specifically configured to send the control signal to the voltage divider when receiving information sent by the external device to indicate that the output voltage is reduced through the input port.
  • the power adapter further includes: a voltage sensor, is communicatively coupled to the processor, and configured to detect a voltage value of the DC voltage, and The voltage value is transmitted to the processor; and the processor is specifically configured to send the control signal to the voltage divider when the voltage value is greater than the preset value.
  • the processor is further configured to control a voltage division process performed by the voltage divider according to the voltage value.
  • the voltage divider comprises a metal oxide semiconductor field effect MOS transistor switch.
  • the voltage divider comprises a transistor switch.
  • the output port is specifically configured to output the DC current to the mobile phone.
  • the voltage passing through the positive output port and the negative output port can be made less than or equal to a preset value, thereby It can prevent damage or even explosion of the battery and improve the safety of use.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power adapter in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power adapter 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the power adapter 100 includes:
  • the adapter body 110 is configured to obtain an alternating current from a power source, and convert the alternating current into a direct current having a predetermined voltage;
  • the output port 120 includes a positive output port 122 and a negative output port 124 electrically connected to the adapter body 110 for acquiring the DC power from the adapter body 110, and providing the external device through the positive output port and the negative output port.
  • Direct current
  • the voltage divider 130 is disposed between the adapter body 110 and the output port 120 for performing a voltage dividing process after receiving the control signal, so that the voltage output through the positive output port 122 and the negative output port 124 is less than Or equal to the preset value;
  • the processor 140 is communicatively coupled to the voltage divider 130 for transmitting control signals to the voltage divider 130.
  • the adapter body 110 can obtain an alternating current (or an alternating current voltage or an alternating current) from a power source, and perform an alternating current-direct current conversion process on the alternating current to generate a predetermined voltage (for example, less than or equal to 5 volts of direct current.
  • a predetermined voltage for example, less than or equal to 5 volts of direct current.
  • a 220V or 110V alternating current input from the grid is subjected to a voltage transformation process to obtain an alternating current of a prescribed voltage (for example, less than or equal to 5 volts).
  • the rectification and filtering process is performed on the AC power after the step-down to obtain the required DC power.
  • the structure of the adapter body 110 and the specific components included in the embodiment of the present invention may be It is similar to the prior art, and the description thereof is omitted here in order to avoid redundancy.
  • DC power of a predetermined voltage can be acquired from the adapter body 110, and the DC power can be transmitted to an external device through a wire.
  • the output port 120 can include a positive output port 122 and a negative output port 124.
  • the output port 120 is specifically configured to output the DC power to the mobile phone.
  • the external device may be a mobile phone, that is, the power adapter 100 is used to charge the mobile phone.
  • the specification and model of the output port can be adapted to the corresponding charging object.
  • a USB interface (specifically, an interface for transmitting current in the USB interface) can be used as the output port 120.
  • the voltage divider 130 is disposed between the positive output port 122 and the negative output port 124.
  • one port of the voltage divider 130 may be disposed between the positive output port 122 and the positive output end of the adapter body 110, and the other port of the voltage divider 130 may be disposed at the negative electrode.
  • the output port 124 is between the output terminal 124 and the negative output terminal of the adapter body 110.
  • the voltage divider 130 is connected in parallel with the external device, so that the voltage can be adjusted by the voltage divider of the voltage divider 130.
  • the voltage of the external device is the voltage divider 130.
  • the voltage divider 130 is in an open state under normal operation, and thus, under normal conditions, the direct current output from the adapter main body 110 can all flow into the output port 120 and be output to the external device.
  • the control signal may be sent to the voltage divider 130, and the voltage divider 130 switches to the working state after receiving the control signal (or It is said that the communication state is such that the direct current output from the adapter main body 110 can be shunted, and the voltage of the direct current output from the output port 120 can be reduced to a preset value.
  • the following elements may be employed as the voltage divider 130.
  • the voltage divider includes a metal oxide semiconductor type field effect MOS transistor switch.
  • MOS metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor
  • a MOS tube switch is selected as the voltage divider 130.
  • a voltage for example, 4V or 10V
  • the gate of the MOS transistor for example, an N-MOS transistor
  • the positive output port 122 and the negative output port 124 communicate via the MOS transistor.
  • the direct current output from the adapter main body 110 can be shunted by the MOS tube, thereby reducing the voltage output from the positive output port 122 and the negative output port 124.
  • the voltage divider comprises a transistor switch.
  • the function of the voltage divider 130 described above can be implemented by using a transistor switch.
  • the adapter body 110 when the adapter body 110 is operating normally, its output voltage is lower than a forward voltage capable of turning on the transistor switch, or its output voltage is a reverse voltage at which the transistor is turned off, when it is determined that it is necessary to perform After the voltage division process, a forward voltage can be output to the transistor to turn on the transistor, so that the DC power output from the adapter body 110 can be shunted by the transistor, thereby reducing the output from the positive output port 122 and the negative output port 124. Voltage.
  • the form of the voltage divider 130 enumerated above is merely an exemplary description, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the voltage divider 130 may also be capable of receiving signaling (eg, digital signals) and signaling the same. The identification is performed, and when it is identified that the signaling is used to indicate that the voltage division process is required, a corresponding process is performed to reduce the output voltage of the power adapter 100.
  • the voltage divider 130 may also be composed of a switch (for example, a normally open relay switch) and a resistor (for example, a fixed resistor or a variable resistance resistor).
  • a switch for example, a normally open relay switch
  • a resistor for example, a fixed resistor or a variable resistance resistor.
  • the processor 140 is communicatively coupled to the voltage divider 130. And can judge It is determined whether the output voltage of the power adapter 100 needs to be lowered, and after a positive determination result is obtained, a control signal is sent to the voltage divider 130 to cause the voltage divider 130 to operate.
  • the following may be exemplified to determine whether it is necessary to reduce the output voltage mode of the power adapter 100:
  • the power adapter 100 further includes:
  • An input port 150 communicatively coupled to the processor 140, for receiving information transmitted by the external device, and transmitting the information to the processor 140;
  • the processor is specifically configured to send the control signal to the voltage divider when the information sent by the external device for indicating the output voltage is received through the input port 150.
  • the processor 140 of the power adapter 100 can receive information of an external device (eg, a mobile phone) through the input port 150.
  • an external device eg, a mobile phone
  • the processor 140 may send a control signal to the voltage divider 130 to cause the voltage divider 130 to operate.
  • a USB interface (specifically, an interface for transmitting information in the USB interface) can be used as the input port 150.
  • the power adapter 100 further includes:
  • a voltage sensor 160 communicatively coupled to the processor 140 for detecting a voltage value of the DC voltage and transmitting the voltage value to the processor 140;
  • the processor 140 is specifically configured to send the control signal to the voltage divider 130 when the voltage value is greater than a preset voltage threshold.
  • a voltage sensor 160 (eg, a voltmeter) may be disposed to detect a voltage value of the direct current output from the positive output port 122 and the negative output port 124, and transmit the voltage value to Processor 140.
  • a voltage threshold may be stored in advance, so that the processor 140 determines the voltage of the direct current output from the positive output port 122 and the negative output port 124 detected by the voltage sensor 160. When the value is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold, a control signal can be sent to the normally closed switching element 130 described above.
  • the voltage sensor 160 can also be used to detect the voltage of the direct current output from the adapter body 110, which is not particularly limited in the present invention.
  • the voltage threshold may be determined according to the specification or type of the battery used by the external device, for example, may be 4.35 volts.
  • the processor 140 may be a central processing unit (“CPU"), and the processor 140 may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs). , an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, and the like.
  • the general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • the integrated logic circuit of the hardware in the processor 140 or the instruction in the form of software is completed.
  • the steps of the processing method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented as hardware processor execution completion, or performed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • the software module can be located in a conventional storage medium such as random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, and the like.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor 140 reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above processing method in combination with the hardware thereof. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.
  • the adapter body 110 may include a positive output terminal (ie, "+” in FIG. 2) and a negative output. End (ie, "-" in Figure 2).
  • the positive output end of the adapter body 110 is connected to the positive output port 122 of the power adapter 100, and the negative output end of the adapter body 110 is connected to the negative output port 124 of the power adapter 100.
  • the voltage sensor 160 is connected between the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the adapter body 110, or alternatively, the voltage sensor 160 is connected between the positive output port 122 and the negative output port 124, so that the output of the adapter body 110 can be detected. Voltage (ie, the output voltage of the power adapter 100).
  • the voltage divider 130 is disposed between the positive output port 122 and the negative output port 124. When the adapter 100 is connected to an external device to charge an external device, the voltage divider 130 and the external device are connected in parallel.
  • the installation position of the voltage divider 130 listed above is merely an exemplary description, and the present invention is not limited thereto, as long as the voltage divider 130 can be connected in parallel with the external device.
  • the processor 140 can be disposed between the positive output end and the negative output end of the adapter main body 110, so that the processor 140 can be powered by the adapter main body 110, and the processor 140 is communicably connected to the voltage sensor 160. Thereby, the data detected by the voltage sensor 160 can be obtained.
  • the processor 140 is also communicatively coupled to the input port 150 such that indication information from the external device can be received via the input port 150.
  • the processor 140 is electrically coupled to the voltage divider 130 described above to enable transmission of control signals (e.g., electrical signals, i.e., applied voltage) to the voltage divider 130.
  • the processor 140 can determine whether it is necessary to operate the voltage divider 130 based on the detection data or the indication information, and send a control signal to the voltage divider 130 when the positive determination is made to operate the voltage divider 130, thereby enabling
  • the DC power output from the adapter body 110 is shunted, and the voltage of the DC power output from the output port 120 is reduced to a preset value.
  • the voltage passing through the positive output port and the negative output port can be made less than or equal to a preset value, thereby It can prevent damage or even explosion of the battery and improve the safety of use.
  • the disclosed apparatus can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated as The components displayed by the unit may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种电源适配器（100），包括：适配器主体（110），用于从电源获取交流电，并将该交流电转换为具有规定电压的直流电；输出端口（120），包括与该适配器主体电连接的正极输出端口（122）和负极输出端口（124），用于从该适配器主体获取该直流电，并通过该正极输出端口和该负极输出端口向外部设备提供该直流电；分压器（130），连接配置在该正极输出端口和该负极输出端口之间，用于在接收到控制信号后进行分压处理，以使通过该正极输出端口和该负极输出端口输出的电压小于或等于预设值；处理器（140），与该分压器通信连接，用于向该分压器发送控制信号。该电源适配器能够提高充电的安全性。

Description

电源适配器
本发明要求2015年3月6日递交的发明名称为“电源适配器”的申请号201510100431.X的在先申请优先权，上述在先申请的内容以引入的方式并入本文本中。
技术领域
本发明涉及充电技术领域，并且更具体地，涉及电源适配器。
背景技术
目前，例如手机等电子设备通常都配置有能够充电的电池，从而能够通过电源适配器对该电池进行充电。
在充电时，电源适配器将交流电转换为规定电压的直流电并传输至电子设备，并且，在电子设置有充电控制电路，并通过该充电控制电流控制对电池的充电。
但是，在该充电控制电路发生故障时，无法对充电电压进行控制，当充电电压过大时，可能导致电池发生损坏甚至爆炸等情况的发生，严重影响了使用安全性。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种电源适配器，能够提高充电的安全性。
第一方面，提供了一种电源适配器，该电源适配器包括：适配器主体，用于从电源获取交流电，并将该交流电转换为具有规定电压的直流电；输出端口，包括与该适配器主体电连接的正极输出端口和负极输出端口，用于从该适配器主体获取该直流电，并通过该正极输出端口和该负极输出端口向外部设备提供该直流电；分压器，连接配置在该正极输出端口和该负极输出端口之间，用于在接收到控制信号后进行分压处理，以使通过该正极输出端口和该负极输出端口输出的电压小于或等于预设值；处理器，与该分压器通信连接，用于向该分压器发送控制信号。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第一种实现方式中，该电源适配器还包括：
输入端口，与该处理器通信连接，用于接收该外部设备发送的信息，并将该信息传输至该处理器；以及
该处理器具体用于在通过输入端口接收到该外部设备发送的用于指示减小输出电压的信息时，向该分压器发送该控制信号。
结合第一方面及其上述实现方式，在第一方面的第二种实现方式中，该电源适配器还包括：电压传感器，与该处理器通信连接，用于检测该直流电压的电压值，并将该电压值传输至该处理器；以及该处理器具体用于在该电压值大于该预设值时，向该分压器发送该控制信号。
结合第一方面及其上述实现方式，在第一方面的第三种实现方式中，该处理器还用于根据该电压值控制该分压器所进行的分压处理。
结合第一方面及其上述实现方式，在第一方面的第四种实现方式中，该分压器包括金属氧化物半导体型场效应MOS管开关。
结合第一方面及其上述实现方式，在第一方面的第五种实现方式中，该分压器包括晶体管开关。
结合第一方面及其上述实现方式，在第一方面的第六种实现方式中，该输出端口具体用于将该直流电流输出至手机。
根据本发明实施例的电源适配器，通过在该正极输出端口和该负极输出端口之间设置分压器，能够使通过该正极输出端口和该负极输出端口出的电压小于或等于预设值，从而能够防止电池发生损坏甚至爆炸等情况，提高使用安全性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对本发明实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是根据本发明实施例的电源适配器的示意性结构图。
图2是根据本发明实施例的电源适配器的示意性电路图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
图1是根据本发明实施例的电源适配器100的示意性结构图。如图1所示，该电源适配器100包括：
适配器主体110，用于从电源获取交流电，并将该交流电流转换为具有规定电压的直流电；
输出端口120，包括与该适配器主体110电连接的正极输出端口122和负极输出端口124，用于从该适配器主体110获取该直流电，并通过该正极输出端口和该负极输出端口向外部设备提供该直流电；
分压器130，设置在该适配器主体110与该输出端口120之间，用于在接收到控制信号后进行分压处理，以使通过该正极输出端口122和该负极输出端口124输出的电压小于或等于预设值；
处理器140，与该分压器130通信连接，用于向该分压器130发送控制信号。
下面，分别对该电源适配器100的各部件进行详细说明。
A.适配器主体110
在本发明实施例中，该适配器主体110可以从电源获取交流电(或者说，交流电流压或交流电流)，并对该交流电进行交流-直流变换处理，而生成具有规定电压(例如，小于或等于5伏特)的直流电。
另外，作为上述交流-直流变换处理可以列举以下过程，
首先，对从电网输入的220V或110V交流电进行变压处理，以获得规定的电压(例如，小于或等于5伏特)的交流电。
其中，对降压后的交流电进行整流滤波处理，得到所需要的直流电。
应理解，以上列举的适配器主体110将高压交流电变换为低压直流电的过程仅为示例性说明，本发明并未限定于此。
另外，本发明实施例中的适配器主体110的结构以及所包括的具体元件可 以与现有技术相似，这里，为了避免赘述，省略其说明。
B.输出端口120
与该适配器主体110的输出端相连，能够从该适配器主体110获取规定电压的直流电，并通过电线将该直流电传输至外部设备。
并且，该输出端口120可包括正极输出端口122和负极输出端口124。
可选地，该输出端口120具体用于将该直流电输出至手机。
具体地说，在本发明实施例中，该外部设备可以为手机，即，电源适配器100用于对手机进行充电。从而，可以使该输出端口的规格和型号可以与相应的充电对象相适应。例如，可以使用USB接口(具体地说，是USB接口中用于传输电流的接口)作为该输出端口120。
C.分压器130
在本发明实施例中，该分压器130设置在连接配置在该正极输出端口122和该负极输出端口124之间。
例如，在本发明实施例中，该分压器130的一个端口可以设置在上述正极输出端口122与适配器主体110的正极输出端之间，该分压器130的另一个端口可以设置在上述负极输出端口124与适配器主体110负极输出端之间。
即，当该电源适配器100与外部设备连接而对该外部设备进行充电时，该分压器130与该外部设备并联连接，从而，能够通过该分压器130的分压处理，调节输出至该外部设备的电压。
并且，该分压器130在正常工作情况下为断路状态，从而，在正常情况下，从适配器主体110输出的直流电能够全部流入输出端口120进而被输出至外部设备。当处理器140判定为需要减小对外部设备输出的直流电的电压时，则可以向该分压器130发送控制信号，该分压器130在接收到该控制信号后，切换为工作状态(或者说，联通状态)，从而，能够对从适配器主体110输出的直流电进行分流，将从输出端口120输出的直流电的电压减低至预设值。
另外，在本发明实施例中，可以采用以下元件作为分压器130。
例如，该分压器包括金属氧化物半导体型场效应MOS管开关。
具体地说，在本发明实施例中，可以利用金属氧化物半导体型场效应(MOS，Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor)管的截流特性而将 选用MOS管开关作为该分压器130。
作为示例而非限定，当判定为需要进行分压处理后，可以对MOS管(例如，N-MOS管)的栅极施加电压(例如，4V或10V)，从而使MOS管导通，进而使正极输出端口122与负极输出端口124经由该MOS管而连通。从而能够通过该MOS管对从适配器主体110输出的直流电进行分流，从而减小从正极输出端口122与负极输出端口124输出的电压。
应理解，以上列举的MOS管的使用方法仅为示例性说明本发明并不限定于此，其他能够通过MOS管开关实现上述分压器130功能的元件均落入本发明的保护范围内。
可选地，该分压器包括晶体管开关。
具体地说，在本发明实施例中，可以利用晶体管开关实现上述分压器130的功能。
作为示例而非限定，适配器主体110正常工作时，其输出电压低于能够使该晶体管开关导通的正向电压，或者，其输出电压是时该晶体管截止的反向电压，当判定为需要进行分压处理后，可以向该晶体管输出正向电压，使该晶体管导通，从而能够通过该晶体管对从适配器主体110输出的直流电进行分流，从而减小从正极输出端口122与负极输出端口124输出的电压。
应理解，以上列举的分压器130的形式仅为示例性说明，本发明并未限定于此，例如，分压器130还可以是能够接收信令(例如，数字信号)并对该信令进行识别，当识别为该信令用于指示需要进行分压处理则，执行相应处理，从而减小该电源适配器100的输出电压。
在本发明实施例中，该分压器130还可以由开关(例如，常开式继电器开关)和电阻(例如，固定电阻或变阻电阻)构成，当判定为需要进行分压处理后，可以向控制该常开式继电器开关闭合，从而使正极输出端口122与负极输出端口124经由该电阻而连通，从而能够通过该电阻对从适配器主体110输出的直流电进行分流，从而减小从正极输出端口122与负极输出端口124输出的电压。
D.处理器140
在本发明实施例中，处理器140与该分压器130通信连接。并且，可以判 定是否需要降低该电源适配器100的输出电压，并在得到肯定的判定结果后向分压器130发送控制信号，使分压器130工作。
并且，作为示例而非限定，可以列举以下判定是否需要降低该电源适配器100的输出电压方式：
方式1
可选地，该电源适配器100还包括：
输入端口150，与该处理器140通信连接，用于接收该外部设备发送的信息，并将该信息传输至该处理器140；以及
该处理器具体用于在通过输入端口150接收到该外部设备发送的用于指示减小输出电压的信息时，向该分压器发送该控制信号。
具体地说，在本发明实施例中，电源适配器100的处理器140可以通过输入端口150接收外部设备(例如，手机)的信息。从而，例如，当外部设备确定其内置的充电控制电路发生故障时，或者，外部设备确定从电源适配器100输入的电压超过预设的安全电压值时，可以通过该输入端口150向电源适配器100发送指示减小输出电压的信息，处理器140在接收到该信息后，可以向分压器130发送控制信号，使分压器130工作。
另外，在本发明实施例中，可以使用例如，USB接口(具体地说，是USB接口中用于传输信息的接口)作为该输入端口150。
方式2
可选地，该电源适配器100还包括：
电压传感器160，与该处理器140通信连接，用于检测直流电压的电压值，并将该电压值传输至该处理器140；以及
该处理器140具体用于在该电压值大于预设的电压阈值时，向该分压器130发送该控制信号。
具体地说，在本发明实施例中，可以设置电压传感器160(例如，电压计)，用以检测从正极输出端口122与负极输出端口124输出的直流电的电压值，并将该电压值传输至处理器140。
并且，可以预先存储一个电压阈值，从而，处理器140在判定电压传感器160所检测出的从正极输出端口122与负极输出端口124输出的直流电的电压 值大于或等于该电压阈值时，可以向上述常闭式开关元件130发送控制信号。
需要说明的是，电压传感器160还可以用于检测从适配器主体110输出的直流电的电压，本发明并未特别限定。
另外，在本发明实施例中，该电压阈值可以根据上述外部设备所使用的电池的规格或类型确定，例如，可以是4.35伏特。
应理解，在本发明实施例中，该处理器140可以是中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit，简称为“CPU”)，该处理器140还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
在实现过程中，处理器140中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。结合本发明实施例所公开的处理方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器140读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述处理方法的步骤。为避免重复，这里不再详细描述。
图2是根据本发明实施例的电源适配器的各部件之间的连接关系的示意图，如图2所示，适配器主体110可以包括正极输出端(即，图2中的“﹢”)和负极输出端(即，图2中的“-”)。其中，适配器主体110的正极输出端与电源适配器100的正极输出端口122相连接，适配器主体110的负极输出端与电源适配器100的负极输出端口124相连接。
电压传感器160连接在适配器主体110的正极输出端与负极输出端之间，或者说，或者说，电压传感器160连接在正极输出端口122与负极输出端口124之间，从而能够检测适配器主体110的输出电压(即，电源适配器100的输出电压)。
分压器130设置正极输出端口122与负极输出端口124之间，当该适配器100与外部设备连接而对外部设备充电时，该分压器130与该外部设备相当于并联连接。
需要说明的是，以上列举的分压器130的设置位置仅为示例性说明，本发明并未限定于此，只要能够使该分压器130与该外部设备并联连接即可。
处理器140可以设置在连接在适配器主体110的正极输出端与负极输出端之间，从而，能够通过适配器主体110为该处理器140供电，并且，该处理器140与上述电压传感器160通信连接，从而能够获得电压传感器160检测到的数据。另外，处理器140还与输入端口150通信连接，从而能够经由该输入端口150，接收来自外部设备的指示信息。另外，该处理器140与上述分压器130电连接，从而能够向分压器130发送控制信号(例如，电信号，即施加电压)。因此，处理器140能够基于上述检测数据或指示信息，判定是否需要使分压器130工作，并在得到肯定判定时向分压器130发送控制信号，使向分压器130动作，从而能够对从适配器主体110输出的直流电进行分流，将从输出端口120输出的直流电的电压减低至预设值。
根据本发明实施例的电源适配器，通过在该正极输出端口和该负极输出端口之间设置分压器，能够使通过该正极输出端口和该负极输出端口出的电压小于或等于预设值，从而能够防止电池发生损坏甚至爆炸等情况，提高使用安全性。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及方法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的装置可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为 单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种电源适配器，其中，所述电源适配器包括：
    适配器主体，用于从电源获取交流电，并将所述交流电转换为具有规定电压的直流电；
    输出端口，包括与所述适配器主体电连接的正极输出端口和负极输出端口，用于从所述适配器主体获取所述直流电，并通过所述正极输出端口和所述负极输出端口向外部设备提供所述直流电；
    分压器，连接配置在所述正极输出端口和所述负极输出端口之间，用于在接收到控制信号后进行分压处理，以使通过所述正极输出端口和所述负极输出端口输出的电压小于或等于预设值；
    处理器，与所述分压器通信连接，用于向所述分压器发送控制信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电源适配器，其中，所述电源适配器还包括：
    输入端口，与所述处理器通信连接，用于接收所述外部设备发送的信息，并将所述信息传输至所述处理器；以及
    所述处理器具体用于在通过输入端口接收到所述外部设备发送的用于指示减小输出电压的信息时，向所述分压器发送所述控制信号。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电源适配器，其中，所述电源适配器还包括：
    电压传感器，与所述处理器通信连接，用于检测所述直流电的电压值，并将所述电压值传输至所述处理器；以及
    所述处理器具体用于在所述电压值大于所述预设值时，向所述分压器发送所述控制信号。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电源适配器，其中，所述处理器还用于根据所述电压值控制所述分压器所进行的分压处理。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电源适配器，其中，所述分压器包括金属氧化物半导体型场效应MOS管开关。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电源适配器，其中，所述分压器包括晶体管开关。
  7. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电源适配器，其中，所述输出端口具体用于将所述直流电流输出至手机。
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US10003213B2 (en) 2018-06-19
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CN104753367B (zh) 2016-10-19
CN104753367A (zh) 2015-07-01
US20170126050A1 (en) 2017-05-04

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