Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
  • A01K15/00—Devices for taming animals, e.g. nose-rings or hobbles; Devices for overturning animals in general; Training or exercising equipment; Covering boxes
  • A01K15/02—Training or exercising equipment, e.g. mazes or labyrinths for animals ; Electric shock devices; Toys specially adapted for animals
  • A01K15/025—Toys specially adapted for animals
  • A01K15/026—Chewable toys, e.g. for dental care of pets
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
  • A01K15/00—Devices for taming animals, e.g. nose-rings or hobbles; Devices for overturning animals in general; Training or exercising equipment; Covering boxes
  • A01K15/02—Training or exercising equipment, e.g. mazes or labyrinths for animals ; Electric shock devices; Toys specially adapted for animals

Definitions

• the present disclosure relates to devices and systems for use in seent based activities with atti iais:.
• Dog appeasing pheromones including synthetic compositions that replicate certain calming pheromones emitted by dogs, have also been: used to deal with certain behaviours m dogs and other animal species.
• pheromones can be used in animal bedding to cairn an animal during sleep time.
• many wild animals associate human scent with danger or avoidance- and, as a result, it is often desirable for people attempting to interact with -wildlife- to mask their human scent with a stronger animal-neutral or animal-attractive scent.
• a problem with many known scent based training aids, toys and devices is the scent is not renewable and, as a consequence, the scent based aspect of the aid, toy or device has a limited life. There is a need fo a replaceable scent for such, training aids, toys or devices. Alternatively, or in addition, there is a need -for a scent for a trainin aid, toy or device in which the user can control when the scent is released,
• the present disclosure arises from research into scented training aids, toys and devices for animals in which the scent is .replaceable.
• a scented insert for use with a animal training aid, toy or device, the insert comprising a substrate having a microencapsulated scented material thereon and/or therein, a substantially scent impermeable coating on the substrate, and at least one detent that is operable to orient the insert in a carrier for the scented insert, and wherein the coating substantially prevents release of a seent from, the scented mate-rial.
• the insert in use, can be changed from anunactivated state in which the coatin substantially prevents release of the scent from the scented materia! to an activated state in whic the coating is not intact and the scent is released from the scented material.
• the coatin may be abraded of pierced to activate the insert and. release a scent from the microencapsulated scented material.
• the ' substrate and at least one detent that is operable to orient the insert i a. carrier for the scented insert, and wherein the scented material releases substantially no scent that is desirable to an animal when the insert is in an uiiaetivated state and releases a scent that is desirable to the animal whe the insert is in an activated state.
• the scented insert is converted from the unaetivated state to the acti vated state by abrading the coating to release- a scent from the
• microencapsulated scented material
• the microencapsulated scented material is coated on at least part of a surface of the substrate.
• the scented material comprises a least one of a phero ione, meat, egg, dairy, vegetable or fruit scent.
• the substantially scent impermeable coating comprises a polymeric material
• the substrate comprises a porous -material.
• the at least one detent inhibits a movement of the insert in the carrier.
• the movement that is inhibited may be rotation of the insert in the earner.
• the msert has thi form, factor.
• the insert may be in the form of a disc.
• the at leas t one detent extends from a periphery of the insert.
• the at least one detent may substantially inhibit rotational movement of the disc about an axis of the disc when positioned in the carrier.
• the at least one detent extends radially from the periphery of the disc
• a scented insert for rise with an animal training aid, toy or device comprising substrate having a microencapsulated scented .material thereon or therein, and at leas t one detent for engaging with a cognate protrusion, or depression of a carrier for the insert.
• the at least one detent is operable to orient the insert in the carrier. In certain embodiments of the third aspect, the at least one detent extends from a periphery of the insert. In certain embodiments of the third aspect, the at least one detent inhibits a movement of the insert in the carrier. For example, the at least one detent may inhibit a rotational movement of the insert in the earner.
• the insert has a thin form factor.
• the insert may be in the form of a disc.
• the at l east one detent may extend radially from the periphery of the disc.
• the at. least, one detent may inhibit rota tional movemen t of the disc about a central axis of the disc when it is positioned in the carrier.
• the scented insert further comprises a substantiall scent impermeable coating on the substrate.
• the coatin comprises a polymeric material.
• the microencapsulated scent is coated on. at least part of a surface of the substrate,
• th scented insert in. use., is converted from an unactivated state to an activated state by abrading the coating, to release a scent from the
• microencapsulated scented material
• the scent comprises at least one of a pheromone, meat, egg, dairy, vegetable or fruit scent.
• the substrate comprises a porous material.
• scented insert for use with an animal training aid. toy or device, the insert comprising a substrate having a microencapsulated scented material thereon and/or therein, a substantially scent rrapermeaWe coating, and at least one detent that is operable to orient the insert in a earner for the scented insert, and wherei the coating substantially prevents release of a scent from the scented material
• the insert c in use, an be changed from an unactivated state in which the coating substantially prevents: release of the scent from the scented material to an activated state in which, the coating is not. intact and the scent is released from the scented material
• the coating may be abraded or pierced to activate the insert and release scent from the microencapsulated scented material.
• a scented iiiseri for use with an animal training aid, toy or device, the insert comprising a substrate having a microencapsulated scented material thereon and/or therein, a substantially scent impermeable coating, and at least one detent that is operable to orient the insert in a carrier for the scented insert, wherein the scented material releases substantiall no scen that is desirable to an animal when the insert is in an unactivated state and releases a scent that is desirable to the animal when the insert is in an activated state.
• the scented insert in use, is converted from the unactivated state to the activated state by abrading the coating to release a scent, from the
• microencapsulated scented material
• the microencapsulated scented material is coated on at least part of a surface of the substrate.
• the scented material comprises at least one of a pheromone, meat, egg, dairy, vegetable or fruit geeiit.
• the substantially scent, impermeable, coating comprises a polymeric material
• the scented material is contained within • microcapsules and each microcapsule comprises a shell, and wherein the substantially scent impermeable coating is the shell.
• th substrate comprises a porous material
• the at least one detent inhibits movement of the insert in the carrier. Th movement that is inhibited may be rotation of the insert in the carrier.
• the insert has a thin for factor.
• the insert may be in the form of a disc ,
• the at least one detent extends from a peripher of the insert.
• the at least one detent may substantially inhibit rotational movement of the disc about an axis of the disc when positioned in the carrier;.
• the insert is in the form of a disc
• the at least one detent extends radially from the periphery of the disc
• Figure ,1 is a plan view of the scented Insert in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure.
• Figure 2 is a perspective vie w of the scented insert in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure.
• Figure 3 is a plan view of the scented insert showing the scented material in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure;
• Figure 4 is an end view of the vie of the scented insert showin the scented material i
• Figure 5 is a plan view of the. carrier for the scented insert i accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure.
• Figure 6 is a perspective view of the carrier for the scented insert in accordance with an embodi ment of the disclosure.
• Figure 7 i s an exploded view of an animal training aid, toy or de vice, carrier and scented inser t in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure
• FIGS. 1 to 7 show an embodiment of a scented insert JO for an. animal training aid, toy or device.
• the scented insert 10 fo an animal, training aid, toy or device is suitable fo use in scent based animal activities.
• the scented inset 10 can be used in. an animal training aid, toy or device produced by the present applicant and described in. Australian provisional patent application No.
• the scented insert 10 ha a body 1 1 comprising a substrate 18, a microencapsulated scented material 20, a substantially scent impermeable coating 22 o the substrate and at least one detent 12 that is operable to orient the insert in a carrier for the scented insert.
• the coating 22 is an additional layer that coats the substrate 18 and microencapsulated scented material 20.
• the coating 22 is a shell surrounding individual microcapsules drat contain the scented material. In an unactivated state, the coating 22 substantially prevents release of the scented material.
• the scented insert 1 is. activated by abrading the coating 22 to expose the microencapsulated.
• Suitable methods and means include, but are not limited to. puncturing the coating 22, dissolving the coating 22 or part thereof * physically removing the coating 22 or part thereof, forcing open perforations,, slits or star- shaped openings etc.
• the term, “substantially prevents release of the scented material", or simil ar terms means that the scented material 20 should not appreciabl contaminate the hands of a user inserting a new scented insert into an. animal trainin aid, toy or device when the coating 22 is still, intact.
• the term “substantially prevents release of the scented material'', or similar terms means the scent is not substantially detectable to a human when the coating 22 is intact. The scent may not be detectable or it may be faintly detectable to a dog when the coating 22 is intact.
• the concentration of a scent in the air suiTounding the scented insert 10 should be below or around the odour threshold value (QTV) for a human when, the coating 22 is still intact.
• QTV odour threshold value
• the OTV .of 2- acetyl thiazole - found in roa sted tur k ey, ra w chicken, boiled or roas ted beef and pork liver - is 4 parts per billion (ppb). so the concentration of 2-aeeryithiazole should be below 4 ppfa when the coating 22 is intact.
• the seented insert 10 is a disc that is generall circular in pla view.
• the scented insert 10 could be an other suitable shape such as a polyhedron, pyramid, sphere, ellipsoid, cone or cylinder.
• the seented inser 22 preferably has a thin form factor, such as a disc.
• the disc may be any suitable shape in lan view, such as square, rectangular, triangular, etc. In. these eases, the scented insert 10 may not require any specifically formed detents extendin outwardly or inwardly from the periphery of the disc because any corners of the disc may perform the same function as the detents, as explained in more detail later.
• the scented insert 10 has a plurality of outward detents 12 and inward detents 14 extending radially from a periphery of the disc. Although a series of detents are illustrated, it is contemplated that the seented insert 10 can have only a single detent or more than one detent, in embodiments, at least one detent extends from an external portion of the seented insert 10. In embodiments, the at least one detent comprises a recess, or aperture within the seented insert 1 .
• the detents 12, 14 arc operable to orient the seented insert 1 in a interior cavity* 31 of a carrier 30, shown in Figures 5, 6 and 7.
• the detents locate in cognate depressions 34 arid cognate protrusions 32 of the carrier 30.
• the outward detents 12 locate in depressions 34 and the protrusions 32 locate in the inward detents 14.
• an at least one detent of the insert 10 and an at least one cognate portion of the carrier: 30 inhibit other forms of movement * such as translaiional movement
• the scented insert 10 is 44 millimetres (mm) in diameter between outward detents 12 and 38 ' nun in diameter between inward detents: 14.
• the scented insert 10 may be between 5 mm and SO mm in diameter, greater than 80 mm in diameter or any other suitable diameter
• the scented insert 10 has an. aperture 6 that is 12 mm in diameter.
• tire aperture 1 is between 1 turn and 70 ram in. diameter, in other embodiments, the aperture 16 is not present.
• the scented insert 10 has a thickness of 2 mm.
• the thickness of the scented insert 10 is between 0.1 mm and 80 mm or greater than 80mm.
• the above siz ranges apply to the illustrated embodiment of the scented insert 1.0 and are not intended to limit the size of the scented insert 10 in embodiments in which, the scented insert 10 is ofa different shape.
• the bod of the scented insert 10 may be any substantially porous or non-porous substrate. That is, the body may comprise either one or both of at least one porou substrate and at least one non-porous substrate, in embodiments, the substrate comprises at least one porous material such as paper, cardboard, card, wood, sponge, stone, ceramics, zeolites, porous plastics, foams, fibrous organic or inorganic material such as fibre matting or any other suitable porous material. Recycled, biodegradable card stock is a particularly suitable porous material for this purpose.
• the substrate comprises at least one substantially non-porous material such as plastic, polyethylene,, polyester, styrene, static ding, coated fibrefooard, poly-boards, foils, vinyls or synthetic papers.
• the substrate has multiple layers or is laminated- Accordingly, the substrate 14 may comprise a plastic layer sandwiched between two paper layers, which may increase strength and durability.
• the microencapsulated scented material 20 is any substance that provides a scent that is attractive to an animal or neutralizes another scent that is not attractive to an animal (e.g. the scent of a human). Accordingly, the material 20 may comprise a. gits, a liquid, a gel, a solid o a porous solid impregnated with a gas, liquid o gel. Scented materials 20 are commonly oils although othe forms can also be used.
• the material 20 comprises: at least an active constituent or scent.
• the scent may be a natural or synthetic food flavour, food fragrance, pheromone, glandular secretion, glandular material, urine, urine-derived scent, etc .
• the scent may be any one or more of a pheromone, meat, egg, dairy, vegetable or fruit scent.
• a pheromone for dogs, chicken, beef, bacon, ham or salmon scents can be used. These scents are available commercially from suppliers such as Taste Master Pty Ltd (South Australia, Australia), Allsense (New South Wales, Australia) or Doc's Products (Ohio, USA).
• the scented material 20 further comprises any one or more of stabilisers, diluents, excipients and release-rate retardants or accelerators.
• Stabilisers are often used as suspending agents for fragrances.
• stabilisers that can be used include, but are not limited to, polyvinyl alcohol (PV A), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), polyacrylie acid (PA A), starch, gelatin, hydroxypropylniediyi cellulose phthalate (HPMCP) and the like.
• PV A polyvinyl alcohol
• PVP polyvinyl pyrrolidone
• PA A polyacrylie acid
• HPMCP hydroxypropylniediyi cellulose phthalate
• Diluents are often used to dilute more potent fragrances or to control the vapour pressure and evaporation characteristics of the fragrance.
• Non-limiting examples of diluents that can be used include, but are not limited, to aliphatic alcohols, such as ethyl alcohol, non-ethanoie diluents, diethyl phthalate, dipropy!ene glycol, benzyl benzoate, acetyl tributyl citrate, Hercoiyn D, isopropyl niyristate and the like.
• Excipients are generall inactive substances that serve as the vehicle o medium for other active substances, such as fragrances.
• Non-limiting examples of excipients that can be used include, but are not limited to ; surfactants:, eroulsifiets, soap acids, -solvents, colourants, preservatives, antioxidants, aniifoaming agents, antimicrobial agents, auti-redeposition agents, enzymes, vegetal or mineral oils, fats, fluorescent materials, fungicides, hydrotropes, moisturisers, perfume carriers, proteins, silicones,
• soIubrKsers sugar derivatives, vitamins, plant extracts and waxes. Excipients generally used in such products may be found in the "international Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary," Cosmetic, Toiletry &
• Non-limiting examples of release-rate accelerators include, but are not limited to, ihydroxy propyl quaternary ammonium salts, highly refined and deodorised kerosene, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol and. comparable low molecular weight monobasic, dibasic and poiyhydric alcohols, which, ma be more volatile than the scen t.
• Non-limiting examples of release-rate retardants that can be used include, but are not limited to, C Csiifttt alcohols and emoxylated fatty alcohols such behenyl alcohol caprylic alcohol, cetyl alcohol, cetaryl.
• Cs-C 2 o fatty acids such as stearic acid, capric acid, belienic acid, eaprylie acid, lauric acid, yristic acid, tallow acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid and isostearic acid: hydrocarbons, such as mineral oil, i-decene dinier, a poly-deeene, paraffir oetfoiatura, or isoparaffin; waxes, such as mink wax, montan wax, carnauba wax, and eandelill a wax; synthetic waxes, like silicone waxes, polyethylene, and polypropylene; fats and oils such as lanolin oil, lins
• the scented material 20 is microencapsulated.
• the scented material 20 is microencapsulated.
• microcapsules are between 0.1 micrometre (pm) and 5 mm in diameter.
• the microcapsules comprise a shell (i .e. wall) surrounding the scented material 20.
• the shell material is selected to optimise properties such as eohesiveness, permeability, moisture sorption, solubility, stability, clarity and rapture method.
• the shell comprises at least one of: a ater-soluble resin such as gelatine, agar, alginates, gum arabic, starch, polyoxymethylene urea, polyvinylpyrrolidone,
• Nylon poly (ethylene-vinyi acetate), cellulose nitrate, silicones, poiy(iactide-cogiycolide), a tinoplast polymers comprising the reaction products of urea and an aldehyde; a wax or lipid suc h as paraffin, carnauba, spermaceti, beeswax, stearic acid, stearyl alcohol, glyceryl stearates; or an enteric resin s ch as shellac, cellulose acetate phthaiate and zein or any other suitable natural or synthetic polymers.
• the shell thickness is designed to minimise rupture during an one or more of production of the scented insert, application, of the microcapsules to the substrate, packaging, storage arid manual handling.
• the shell thickness is designed to enhance rupture by an abrasive, compressi ve or piercing- force in accordance with the intended use of the scented insert 10.
• the shell thickness is optimised according to the rapture method such as mechanical shear, pH, temperature (i.e. melting or b ursting due to internal pressure) or dissolution when a sol vent c hemieal is added .
• the rapture method such as mechanical shear, pH, temperature (i.e. melting or b ursting due to internal pressure) or dissolution when a sol vent c hemieal is added .
• the microcapsules have an average shell thickness ranging from about 0.1 to 100 pm, for example, from about 0.4 to 30 ⁇ .
• microcapsules arc prepared according to microencapsulation methods known i the art.
• Physical methods include spray drying, spray chilling, rotary disk atomisation, fluid bed coating, stationary nozzle co-extrusion, multi-orifice centrifugal process, submerged nozzle co-extnision, pan coating, air-suspension coating, centrifug l extrusio or an other suitable method.
• Chemical methods .include coacervation phase separation, solvent evaporation, solvent extraction, interfaciai polymerisation, simple and complex coaccrvation, in-situ polymerisation, liposome technology, nanOeneapsulation, matrix polymerisation or. an other suitable method.
• microcapsules produced may be mononuclear, poiynu ' clear or matrix type microcapsules.
• the microcapsules may be mononuclear with multiple shells, or ma form clusters of microcapsules.
• the microcapsules can, for example, be prepared as described in United States Patent No. 5,137,646, which is incorporated herein by reference with regard to the process of manufacturing microcapsules.
• Known commercial microencapsulation technology can I I
• microcapsules including those commercially marketed ' by, for example,
• Methods of applying the microencapsulated scented material 20 to the substrate include integrally forming the scented material 20 with the microcapsules, substrate impregnation or surface coating deposition. Ifi embodiments, die microcapsules are printed on the substrate using printing techniques- such. as letterpress, dry-offset, ilexographie printing,. Inkjet printing and screen printing.
• the substrate comprising the -microencapsulated scented material 20 is coated with a coating 22 to inhibit premature rupture of the microcapsules during packaging, storage and manua handling, hi embodiments, the coating 22 comprises a polymeric material such as polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyarmde, polyester o a wax.
• the coating 22 comprises either one or both of the existing shell iayeris) and at least one additional layer.
• the at least one additional layer comprises, for example, at least one of the previously described shell materials ox previously described polymeric coatin materials.
• the coating 22 may be applied as a single layer or as multiple layers: as a multi-layer Sim.
• the coating may be applied, by any suitable means, such as extrusion coating, dispersion coating, dip coating, spray coating and resin impregnation.
• a muiti-layer film may be produced by any suitable process, such as lamination or co-extrusion.
• a multi-layer film may advantageously comprise different polymers, such as a moisture-resistant polymer (e.g. polyethylene) and a scent resistant polymer (e.g. nylon, ethylene vinyl alcohol or polyester).
• the at least one additional layer is at least 0.1 pra in thickness.
• the at least one additional layer is between to 0.1 and 500 ⁇ in thickness, for example, from about 1 to 50 ⁇ in thickness.
• the at least one additional layer is perforated with openings, for example, slit or star shaped opening.
• the perforations- are star shaped which open upon a fo ce being ap lied to the coating and then close at rest.
• a scent is released from the microcapsules by first abrading a portion of the coating 22 to expose at least one microcapsule. Continued abrasion ruptures die at least one .microcapsule to release the scent.
• other forces/methods may be used including a compressive force, piercing force, pH, temperature (i.e. melting or bursting due to internal pressure) or dissolution when a sol vent chemical is added.
• abrasion of the coating 22 and rupture of the microcapsules only results in the rupture of a portion of the microcapsules. Accordingly, the coating 22 may be abraded fttrther at multiple instances over time to rupture further microcapsules and release further scent.
• the scented insert 10 locates within the interior cavity 31 of the carrier 30 (shown in Figures 5 to 7), in the illustrated embodiment, tine carrier 30 is: plate like and generally circular in cross section.
• die carrier 3.0 is any other suitable shape that pro vides an interior cavit suitable for housing the scented insert 10.
• the carrier 30 may be an animal training aid, toy or device.
• the carrier 30 tonus a portion, of an animal training aid, toy or device 40 as shown in Figure 7.
• the aid, toy or device 40 is: generally in fee shape of a ball and can be used as a stand-alone toy for ball- type activities with an animal. However, it is contemplated that the aid, to or device 40 can take an shape desired. The shape of the aid, toy or device 40 may be dictated by the end. vise of the aid, toy or device and, in cases where the aid, toy or device 40 is specifically used as a aid for attachment to a. wrist band for examp le, die aid 40 may be in the form of a small, circular, low-profile container.
• the animal training aid, toy or device 40 comprises a plurality ofkou ng arts 42, 44 that are separable from one another to allow the scented insert 10 to be introduced or removed from the interior cavity 31 of the cartief 30.
• the animal training aid, toy or device 40 comprises two substantially hemispherical housing: parts 42 and 44.
• the aid, toy or device 40 also comprises an -activator 46 (shown in Figure 7) for activating, the scented insert 10 from the unaetivated state to the activated state, the activato 46 being operable from an external surface of the housing 42, 44.
• the interior cavity 31 of the carrier 30 is enclosed between ' t o internal surfaces on.
• the carrier 30 is positioned between the two housing parts 42 and 44. At least one vent is open to the interior cavity 31 and the exterior of the aid, toy or device 40 to allow passage of a scent from the scented insert 30 from the interior cavity 31 to the outside of ihe aid, toy or device 10. j0077
• the microencapsulated scented material 20 is prevented from release through rupture of the microcapsules by the coating 22 that prevents release of a scent until the scented insert 10 has been activated by removing at least part of fee coating 22.
• the scented insert 10 is activated by the activator 46 which, in the illustrated embodiment is in the form of one or more ribs 48 (shown, in Figure 7) that protrude from at least one of the housing parts 42, 44.
• the rib(s) 48 contact at least one surface of tile scented insert 1 ⁇ when the aid, toy or device 40 i assembled and rotation of one of the housing parts 42 relative to the other one: 44 results in the rib(s) 48 abrading the surface of the -scented insert 10 to remove at leas some of the coating 22 thereon to thereby activate the scented insert 10 so that the -scent is released therefrom.
• the scented insert 10 may be used in the carrier 30 in devices such as a.
• wrist band, lead, toy or similar These embodiments provide a modular system i which a single housing can be attached and removed from, a range of training aids (e.g. wrist band or lead) and/or toys (e.g. bone or toy animal).
• the aid, toy or device 40 can be attached to a substrate or device sixth as a larger toy or training aid. Accordingly, a device may be in the general shape of a bone. I this situation, the aid, toy or device 40 illustrated in Figure 7 can be attached to the ends of a central elongate portion to form a training aid, toy or device in the form of a scented bone,
• Microencapsulation of the scented material provides the ad vantages of preventing or inhibiting degradation of the scented materi al over time, providing a release of the scented material in response to abrasio and providing release of further scented material in response to additional abrasion.
• the scented insert can be stored with minimal loss of potency of the scented material.
• an, animal's interest in the aid, toy or device -comprising the scented insert can be renewed by abrading a fo ther portion of the scented insert to release further scented ma terial.
• Coating the scented insert provides the advantages of protecting the microcapsules from rupture during packing, transport and manual handling of the scented insert. Accordingly, the scented material 20 will not contaminate the hands of a user inserting a new scented insert into the carrier of the aid. toy or device, when the coating on the scented insert is intact.
• the disclosure- is not restricted in its use to the particular application described. Neither is the present disclosure restricted in its preferred embodiment with regard to the particular elements and/or features described or depicted herein. It will be appreciated that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiment or embod nents disclosed, but is capable of numerous rearrangements, modifications and substitutions without departing from the scope of the disclosure as set forth and defined by the following claims.

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Animal Husbandry (AREA)
• Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
• Dentistry (AREA)
• Toys (AREA)
• Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
• Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

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• 2016
  • 2016-03-07 HK HK18107917.5A patent/HK1248466A1/zh unknown
  • 2016-03-07 NZ NZ734849A patent/NZ734849A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2016-03-07 EP EP16760907.2A patent/EP3264887A4/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2016-03-07 CA CA2977399A patent/CA2977399C/en active Active
  • 2016-03-07 AU AU2016228932A patent/AU2016228932B2/en active Active
  • 2016-03-07 WO PCT/AU2016/000068 patent/WO2016141404A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2016-03-07 KR KR1020177027762A patent/KR20170125918A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 2016-03-07 JP JP2017546911A patent/JP2018506990A/ja active Pending
  • 2016-03-07 US US15/555,305 patent/US20180055013A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2016-03-07 CN CN201680022027.8A patent/CN107426982A/zh active Pending
  • 2016-03-07 BR BR112017018519-9A patent/BR112017018519A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2016-03-07 MX MX2017011362A patent/MX2017011362A/es unknown
• 2020
  • 2020-04-02 US US16/838,614 patent/US11304405B2/en active Active

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