WO2016140655A1 - Lunettes optiques stéréoscopiques réglables - Google Patents

Lunettes optiques stéréoscopiques réglables Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016140655A1
WO2016140655A1 PCT/US2015/018566 US2015018566W WO2016140655A1 WO 2016140655 A1 WO2016140655 A1 WO 2016140655A1 US 2015018566 W US2015018566 W US 2015018566W WO 2016140655 A1 WO2016140655 A1 WO 2016140655A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens assembly
glasses
image
viewing
parallax
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2015/018566
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jay Song
Lishang ZHOU
Original Assignee
Jay Song
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jay Song filed Critical Jay Song
Priority to PCT/US2015/018566 priority Critical patent/WO2016140655A1/fr
Priority to JP2017565036A priority patent/JP2018508841A/ja
Priority to CN201580075935.9A priority patent/CN107660276A/zh
Priority to EP15884120.5A priority patent/EP3265868A4/fr
Publication of WO2016140655A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016140655A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/22—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/34—Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers
    • G02B30/36—Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers using refractive optical elements, e.g. prisms, in the optical path between the images and the observer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/60—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images involving reflecting prisms and mirrors only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/332—Displays for viewing with the aid of special glasses or head-mounted displays [HMD]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to optical stereoscopic glasses. More particularly, the present invention relates to adjustable optical stereoscopic glasses that can perceive three-dimensional ("3D") stereoscopic vision when viewing the two-dimensional (“2D”) content on a planar surface such as a screen.
  • 3D three-dimensional
  • 2D two-dimensional
  • Human eyes have 3D stereoscopic vision of objects in natural real space. This natural 3D stereoscopic vision of human is provided by his brain's combination of the offset image created by each eye.
  • human eyes the left eye L and the right eye R
  • the interocular distance 1 is generally about 60mm ⁇ 65mm in adults.
  • the eyes' close side-by-side positioning allows each eye to take a view of the same area from a slightly different angle and thereby creating two offset images in a process known as binocular disparity.
  • These offset images have plenty in common but are not exactly the same as each eye picks up visual information the other eye does not.
  • the two offset images are processed and combined by the viewer's brain into a single final 3D stereoscopic image.
  • the brain combines the two offset images by matching up their similarities and adding in the small differences.
  • the small differences between the two offset images allow the brain to experience the 3D stereoscopic vision of the viewed content. Basically, when a viewer views an object in real space, his eyes focus and converge onto the object and the binocular disparity informs his brain to perceive depth and the location of the object is in real 3D space.
  • parallax is a displacement of difference in the apparent position of an object viewed along two different lines of sight. The parallax informs the viewer's brain that the objects viewed on the planar screen is stereoscopic in the viewing space.
  • 3D stereoscopic vision of conventional 3D stereoscopic content such content must first be processed and viewed with (i) specific conventional 3D glasses (e.g., anaglyph glasses, polarized glasses, LED glasses, shuttered glasses, split image (adjacent side by side image) glasses or the like) and/or (ii) lenticular screen, interleaved screen, process separation screen, adaptive stereoscopic TV screen, or the like.
  • specific conventional 3D glasses e.g., anaglyph glasses, polarized glasses, LED glasses, shuttered glasses, split image (adjacent side by side image) glasses or the like
  • lenticular screen interleaved screen
  • process separation screen adaptive stereoscopic TV screen, or the like
  • the conventional preparation of 3D stereoscopic content in movies and broadcast is to stimulate the natural process of the human eyes discussed above in order to create the illusion of depth of the content shown on a planar screen.
  • the preparation of such content generally requires two cameras (L1 , R1 ) each representing a human eye. Just like the human eyes, the two cameras are placed at the same elevation next to each other at about the same distance apart as the human eyes (i.e., the interocular distance 1 ) but may be more or less, depending on the shots being captured in order to create two offset images of the captured scene.
  • This variable distance is hereinafter defined as the variable stereo base distance 2 and it assists in conveying the depth of objects shown in the captured scene.
  • FIG. 1 (c) illustrates the concept of this conventional 3D stereoscopic content process by having a top portion showing real space 300 and a bottom portion showing created stereoscopic space 400.
  • the real space 300 shows the locations of three objects 10, 1 1 , and 12 in nature when they are being recorded by the two cameras (L1 and R1 ) as described in FIG. 1 (b).
  • the created stereoscopic space 400 shows the offset images recorded by the cameras (L1 , R1 ) of the objects 10, 1 1 , and 12 being viewed by the human eyes (L, R).
  • the left camera L1 and the right camera R1 are separated by the variable stereo base distance 2.
  • the angles 60, 61 of both cameras (L1 , R1 ) are adjusted to horizontal and both cameras (L1 , R1 ) are focused onto the object 1 1 .
  • the corresponding two offset images of objects 10, 1 1 , and 12 recorded by the cameras (L1 , R1 ) are shown in the created stereoscopic space 400 wherein the left eye L and the right eye R are separated by the interocular distance 1 .
  • object 1 1 is located at the same location where the planar screen 4 is located (because the cameras L1 , R1 were focused on the object 1 1 in real space 300) requires zero parallaxing of the human eyes (L, R). Accordingly, this mode of viewing object (1 1 ) appearing at the location of the screen 4 is defined as zero parallax viewing mode 30.
  • the offset images of the object 10 (10L, 10R) located forward from the screen 4 causes the left eye L to view the offset image 10L located on the right side and the right eye R to view the offset image 10R located on the left side.
  • This action causes both eyes (L, R) to turn excessive inward in order to converge onto them.
  • This type of viewing of the offset images (10L, 10R) appearing in the region located in front of the screen 4 is defined as negative vertical parallax viewing mode 31 , unless otherwise state, the vertical direction hereinafter means eyes' advancing direction (z- axis).
  • the offset images of the object 12 (12L, 12R) located backward from the screen 4 causes the left eye L to view the offset image 12L located on the left side and the right eye R to view the offset image 12R located on the right side.
  • This action causes both eyes (L, R) to turn outward in order to converge onto them (12R, 12L).
  • This type of viewing of the offset images (12L, 12R) appearing in the region located in back of the screen 4 is defined as positive vertical parallax viewing mode 32.
  • the offset images recorded by the cameras (L1 , R1 ) discussed above are displayed as 3D stereoscopic content to the viewer wearing specific 3D glasses and/or specialized screen.
  • the viewer perceives the illusion of 3D stereoscopic vison of such content.
  • the left-eye image is taking in by the left-eye retina
  • the right-eye image is taking in by the right-eye retina
  • the viewer's brain combines and processes the two offset images characterized by horizontal parallax to yield a type of stereoscopic vision and to achieve stereoscopic viewing.
  • this conventional 3D stereoscopic viewing process can cause some viewers to suffer eyestrain, dizziness, headache, and vomiting due to over parallaxing, excessive convergence and/or divergence. Moreover, the frequent switching between divergence and convergence required of the viewers may also cause them to perceive deformity, distortion and ghosting of the viewed content.
  • FIG.1 (d) illustrates the phenomenon of left and right eyes (L, R) excessive divergence in the stereoscopic space 400 that occurs when the distance between the offset images (12L, 12R) located in back of the screen 4 exceeds the interocular distancel .
  • This situation causes divergence and forces both eyes (L, R) to each turn too outward resulting in strabismus. It also prevents the viewer's brain from effectively combining the left-eye image 12L and right-eye image 12R of the object 12, and therefore resulting in eyestrain and fatigue.
  • FIG.1 (e) illustrates the phenomenon of left and right eyes (L, R) excessive convergence in the stereoscopic space 400 that occurs when the converging point of the offset images (10R, 10L) located in front of the screen 4 is too close to both eyes (L, R). This situation causes both eyes to each turn too inward resulting in strabismus. It also prevents the viewer's brain from effectively combining the left-eye image 10L and right-eye image 10R of the object 10, and therefore resulting in eyestrain and fatigue.
  • Conventional preparation of 3D stereoscopic content is usually divided into pre-production and post-production phases. In the pre-production phase, the two cameras (L1 , R1 ) are used to film the content.
  • the filmed content is then digitally processed in accordance with the principles of horizontal parallax and stereoscopic vision.
  • the process involves changing the objects in multi-level of depth of field (usually 4-8 layers) in order to strengthen the 3D stereoscopic effect.
  • This post- production process can also be used to convert 2D content into 3D stereoscopic content.
  • the present invention solves the above-mentioned issues and provides optical stereoscopic glasses that establish 3D stereoscopic vision when viewing 2D content on a planar screen.
  • the present invention includes adjustable optical glasses comprising: a housing, a left lens assembly and a right lens assembly wherein: (a) when a 2D image shown on a planar screen is viewed by left eye of a viewer through the left lens assembly, the left lens assembly induces the left eye to perceive a left eye offset image of the 2D image which appears to be located at a different spatial location than actual physical location of the 2D image shown on the planar screen in real space; (b) when a 2D image shown on a planar screen is viewed by right eye of the viewer through the right lens assembly, the right lens assembly induces the right eye to perceive a right eye offset image of the 2D image which appears to be located at a different spatial location than actual physical location of the 2D image shown on a planar screen in real space; (c) a spatial difference exists between perceived location of the
  • FIG.1 (a) illustrates the interocular distance of stereoscopic version of human eyes
  • FIG. 1 (b) illustrates the variable of stereo base distance of two cameras
  • FIG. 1 (c) illustrates a viewing mode relating to vertical parallax
  • FIG. 1 (d) illustrates a viewing mode relating to excessive divergence
  • FIG. 1 (e) illustrates a viewing mode relating to excessive convergence
  • FIG. 2(a) illustrates the different viewing modes when the variable stereo base distance is varied
  • FIG. 2(b) illustrates the different viewing modes when the point of convergence is varied
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the viewing mode involving a Galilean telescope
  • FIG. 4(a) illustrates a back view of an embodiment of an adjustable optical stereoscopic glasses of the present invention
  • FIG. 4(b) illustrates a left side view of the optical stereoscopic glasses shown in FIG. 4(a);
  • FIG. 4(c) illustrates a front view of the optical stereoscopic glasses shown in FIG. 4(a);
  • FIG. 4(d) illustrates a right side cross-section view of the optical stereoscopic glasses shown in FIG. 4(a);
  • FIG. 5 issues a perspective view of the optical stereoscopic glasses shown in FIG. 4(a);
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a top cross-sectional view of one type of the optical stereoscopic glasses shown in FIG. 4(a);
  • FIG. 7 illustrates the numbers of optical elements of the left and right lens assemblies of the optical stereoscopic glasses shown in FIG. 4(a);
  • FIG. 8(a) illustrates a positive parallax hyperstereo viewing mode
  • FIG. 8(b) illustrates a negative parallax hyperstereo viewing mode
  • FIG. 8(c) illustrates a positive parallax hypostereo viewing mode
  • FIG. 8(d) illustrates a negative parallax hypostereo viewing mode
  • FIG. 9(a) illustrates a viewing mode when viewing a planar screen through a rectangular prism that is angled to the horizontal axis
  • FIG. 9(b) illustrates a viewing mode when viewing a planar screen through another rectangular prism that is angled to the horizontal axis
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a positive parallax hyperstereo viewing mode when viewing a planar screen through rectangular prisms that are angled relative to a horizontal axis;
  • FIG. 1 1 illustrates a positive parallax hypostereo viewing mode when viewing a planar screen through rectangular prisms that are angled relative to a horizontal axis;
  • FIG. 12 illustrates a viewing mode when viewing a planar screen through a triangular prism
  • FIG. 13 illustrates a viewing mode when viewing a planar screen through another triangular prism
  • FIG. 14 illustrates difference between two viewing modes based upon the amount of separation space between two triangular prisms
  • FIG. 15 illustrates a zero vertical parallax hyperstereo viewing mode when viewing a planar screen through an embodiment of the left lens assembly and the right lens assembly of the optical stereoscopic glasses of the present invention
  • FIG. 16 illustrates a zero vertical parallax hypostereo viewing mode when viewing a planar screen through an embodiment of the left lens assembly and the right lens assembly of the optical stereoscopic glasses of the present invention
  • FIG. 17 illustrates a positive parallax hyperstereo viewing mode when viewing a planar screen through an embodiment of the left lens assembly and the right lens assembly of the optical stereoscopic glasses of the present invention having six triangular prisms;
  • FIG. 18 illustrates a positive parallax hypostereo viewing mode when viewing a planar screen through an embodiment of the left lens assembly and the right lens assembly of the optical stereoscopic glasses of the present invention having six triangular prisms;
  • FIG. 19 illustrates a positive parallax hyperstereo viewing mode when viewing a planar screen through another embodiment of the left lens assembly and the right lens assembly of the optical stereoscopic glasses of the present invention having six triangular prisms;
  • FIG. 20 illustrates a positive parallax hypostereo viewing mode when viewing a planar screen through another embodiment of the left lens assembly and the right lens assembly of the optical stereoscopic glasses of the present invention having six triangular prisms;
  • FIG. 21 illustrates a positive parallax hyperstereo viewing mode when viewing a planar screen through an embodiment of the left lens assembly and the right lens assembly of the optical stereoscopic glasses of the present invention having eight triangular prisms;
  • FIG. 22 illustrates a positive parallax hypostereo viewing mode when viewing a planar screen through an embodiment of the left lens assembly and the right lens assembly of the optical stereoscopic glasses of the present invention having eight triangular prisms
  • FIG. 23 illustrates a positive parallax hyperstereo viewing mode when viewing a planar screen through another embodiment of the left lens assembly and the right lens assembly of the optical stereoscopic glasses of the present invention having eight triangular prisms;
  • FIG. 24 illustrates a positive parallax hypostereo viewing mode when viewing a planar screen through another embodiment of the left lens assembly and the right lens assembly of the optical stereoscopic glasses of the present invention having eight triangular prisms.
  • FIG. 2(a) illustrates how adjusting the variable stereo base distance 2 between the two cameras (L1 , R1 ) can dynamically change the depth of the 3D stereoscopic content provided by the screen 4.
  • FIG. 2(a) shows three viewing modes comprising of real space 300, 301 , 302 and their respective created stereoscopic space 400, 401 , and 402.
  • two cameras (L1 and R1 ) separated by different variable stereo base distance 2 are used to capture images of three objects (10, 1 1 , 12).
  • FIG. 2(a) shows that there is a direct relationship between the length or distance of the variable stereo base distance 2 and the depth perspective of the images of the three objects (10, 1 1 , 12).
  • the variable stereo base distance 2 between the two cameras (L1 , R1 ) depicted in the real space 300 is shorter than the variable stereo base distance 2 between the two cameras (L1 , R1 ) depicted in the real space 301 .
  • the same relationship is true for the depth perspective of the images of the three objects (10, 1 1 , 12) in their respective created stereoscopic spaces (400, 401 ).
  • the depth perspective of the images of the three objects (10, 1 1 , 12) is reduced in the created stereoscopic space 400 when compared to the depth perspective of the images of the three objects (10, 1 1 , 12) in the created stereoscopic space 401 .
  • This direct relationship between the length or distance of the variable stereo base distance 2 and the depth perspective of the images of the three objects (10, 1 1 , 12) is also shown in comparing real space 301 and 302 and their respective created stereoscopic space 401 and 402. Accordingly, increasing the variable stereo base distance 2 in real space will result in increasing the depth perspective of three images in created stereoscopic space.
  • FIG. 2(b) illustrates how adjusting convergence will change the vertical parallax effect of the stereoscopic images of the objects shown by the screen 4.
  • FIG. 2(b) shows (i) real space 303, 304, 305 each has the two cameras (L1 , R1 ) separated by different variable stereo base distance 2 recording two objects (10, 12); and (ii) their respective created stereoscopic space 403, 404, 405 viewing modes of the images of the two objects (10, 12) shown by the screen 4 viewed by both eyes (L, R) using the glasses 5.
  • the two cameras (L1 , R1 ) are angled (60, 61 ) toward each other.
  • the images of the objects 10, 12 are moved in a direction from front of the screen 4 toward back of the screen 4 as shown in FIG. 2(b).
  • the cameras (L1 , R1 ) are not angled and parallel to each other.
  • Its respective created stereoscopic space 403 shows the images of the two objects (10, 12) are located in front of the screen.
  • the cameras (L1 , R1 ) are angled to a predetermined degree (60, 61 ) relative to a horizontal axis.
  • Its respective created stereoscopic space 404 shows the images of the two objects (10, 12) are located around the location of the screen 4.
  • the cameras (L1 , R1 ) are angled to a predetermined degree (60, 61 ) relative to a horizontal axis that is greater than the predetermined degree used in the real space 304.
  • Its respective created stereoscopic space 405 shows the images of the two objects (10, 12) are located behind the location of the screen 4.
  • the present invention presents optical stereoscopic glasses that can provide 3D stereoscopic vision when viewing 2D content on a planar 2D surface (hereinafter referred to as "planar screen") such as a book or a screen such as a movie screen, a television screen, a computer screen, a tablet screen, a phone screen, a gaming console screen, or the like.
  • planar screen a planar 2D surface
  • it is able to induce the viewer's brain to yield depth perception of spatial field and restore the continuous extension of the nature space, generate 3D stereoscopic vision and view along with continuous depth field of space.
  • the glasses not only solve the technical issue of multi-layer depth of space but also negate the required preparation of 3D stereoscopic content for viewing.
  • the glasses 5 includes a housing 7, a left lens assembly 5L and a right lens assembly 5R wherein the housing 7 is designed and configured to be worn as eye glasses by a viewer.
  • Each of the left lens assembly 5L and the right lens assembly 5R is comprised of one or more optical prisms, lenses, curved mirrors, planar mirrors, and a combination thereof (hereinafter referred to as "optical element(s)").
  • the optical element(s) can be constructed of any suitable material such as optical glass, plastic, colloidal and other lightweight, high transparency, high refractive index optical materials, including but not limited to solid, liquid, colloidal and other medium or combinations of them.
  • the optical element(s) are comprised of a combination of plane prism and triangular prism collocation. In an effort to avoid image distortion, it is preferred that the optical element(s) have the following characteristics: no diopter, no color difference and a vertex angle is not too large.
  • the one or more optical elements provide refraction which represents deflection of the viewing pathway that causes spatial displacement of the viewed 2D image.
  • the refraction of the optical elements of the two lens assemblies (5L, 5R) create each of the four viewing modes illustrated in FIGS. 8(a)-(d) that can provide 3D stereoscopic vision of 2D content shown on a planar screen.
  • Optimal fusing of parallax is achieved by adjusting refraction of the optical elements.
  • the glasses 5 eliminate the negative effect to 3D stereoscopic vision by zero parallax when focusing on a planar screen.
  • the glasses 5 provide a left eye offset image and a right eye offset image.
  • the left eye offset image characterized by spatial displacement
  • the right eye offset image characterized by spatial displacement
  • the viewer's brain combines and processes these two offset images containing the specific difference discussed herein that resulted in spatial parallax in order to form a continuous and natural feeling 3D stereoscopic vision.
  • the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) can include optical elements similar to the ones used in a Galilean telescope to view a 2D content shown on the planar screen 4 by the viewer's eyes (L, R) separated by the interocular distance 1 .
  • the optical elements of the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) provides the desired virtual image which reduces or even eliminates the planar view effect and induces the viewer to perceive 3D stereoscopic vision of such content.
  • the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) of the glasses 5 are structured to simulate the variable stereo base distance 2 that realizes a viewing mode with appropriate depth such as the one illustrated in the real space 301 and its respective created stereoscopic space 401 of FIG. 2(a). It is also preferred that the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) provides a convergence point to form a positive parallax such as the viewing mode illustrated in in the real space 301 and its respective created stereoscopic space 401 of FIG. 2(b).
  • the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) provide an appropriate adjustment range of binocular convergence for the desired varying degrees of parallax in order to meet the needs of a broad spectrum of viewers. It is also desired that the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) avoid providing viewing modes that cause the viewer's eyes to turn either excessively outwards due to excessive divergence as illustrated in FIG. 1 (d) or excessively inwards due to excessive convergence as illustrated in FIG. 1 (e).
  • the housing 7 is used to house or contain the left lens assembly 5L and the right lens assembly 5R.
  • the glasses 5 achieve the desired 3D stereoscopic vision using at least one of the following viewing modes: positive parallax hyperstereo viewing mode, positive parallax hypostereo viewing mode, negative parallax hyperstereo viewing mode, and negative parallax hypostereo viewing mode. Each of these viewing modes is discussed in detailed below and illustrated in FIGS. 8(a)-8(d).
  • the optical elements of the left lens assembly 5L include an exterior triangular lens 102, an inner triangular lens 101 and an interior triangular lens 100 forming a composite structure containing separation spaces 90, 96.
  • the optical elements of the right lens assembly 5R also include an exterior triangular lens 1 12, an inner triangular lens 1 1 1 , an interior triangular lens 1 10 creating a composite structure containing separation spaces 91 , 97.
  • This embodiment further optionally includes adjustment mechanism 38 for each of the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) to adjust the separation space (96, 97) located within each lens assembly (5L, 5R) in order to realize spatial parallax adjustment.
  • This embodiment further optionally includes adjustment mechanism 39 for each of the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) to adjust the angle (60, 61 ) of the outer one or more of the optical elements within each lens assembly (5L, 5R) in order to realize spatial parallax adjustment. Adjustment(s) to the horizontal parallax and vertical parallax allows the glasses 5 to reach appropriate binocular parallax effect and to weaken the negative effect of zero parallax when converging on the planar screen 4.
  • the adjustment mechanism 38 include a feature, preferably located on each side of the frame adjacent to each lens assembly (5L, 5R), that can move within an axis (e.g., up and down direction) in order to change the amount of the separation space (96, 97).
  • the adjustment mechanism 38 shown in FIG. 6 can be used to change the amount of the separation space (96, 97) between the inner triangular lens (100, 101 ).
  • the adjustment mechanism 39 include a feature, preferably located on top of the housing 7 of the glasses 5, that can optionally move within an axis (e.g., back and forth direction) and change the angle of the outer optical elements within each of the lens assembly (5L, 5R).
  • variable angle (60, 61 ) of the exterior triangular lens (102, 1 12) in order to realize the adjustment of spatial displacement of imaging screen and convergence point.
  • the separation space (96, 97) between the inner triangular lens (100, 101 ) and (1 10, 1 1 1 ) is changed to zero by the adjustment mechanism 38, the combination of the inner triangular lens (100, 101 ) and (1 10, 1 1 1 ) become a rectangular prism structure.
  • the variable angles (60, 61 ) of each of the exterior triangular lens (102, 1 12) are used to fine-tune the spatial displacements of the imaging screen plane and the convergence point.
  • FIG. 7 is schematic diagram of the left lens assembly 5L and the right lens assembly 5R of the present invented 3D stereoscopic glasses.
  • Each optical element of the left lens assembly (5L) is shown separately as 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 . . . .
  • Each optical element of the right lens assembly (5R) is shown separately as 1001 , 2001 , 3001 , 4001 . . . .
  • the number of optical elements within each lens assembly (5L, 5R) may range from 0 up to 100 based upon desired commercial applications and requirements. It should be noted that the number of optical elements for the left lens assembly 5L and the right lens assembly 5R cannot be zero at the same time.
  • FIGS. 8(a)-8(d) illustrate four stereoscopic viewing modes used by the glasses 5 to achieve 3D stereoscopic vision of a 2D image shown on the planar screen 4.
  • the left eye L and the right eye R is viewing the 2D image on the planar screen 4 using the glasses 5 comprising the left lens assembly 5L and the right lens assembly 5R.
  • the left eye L views the 2D image through the left lens assembly 5L
  • it (L) perceives the 2D image to be located at left eye image plane 6.
  • the right eye R views the 2D image through the right lens assembly 5R
  • it (R) perceives the 2D image to be located at right eye image plane 7.
  • the image points 10-13 are specific objective points or portions of the 2D image shown on the screen 4 at specific locations.
  • the image point 20 is a specific point on the left eye image plane 6 viewed by the left eye through the left lens assembly 5L that corresponds to the objective point 10.
  • the image point 21 is a specific point on the left eye image plane 6 viewed by the left eye through the left lens assembly 5L that corresponds to the objective point 1 1 .
  • the image point 22 is a specific point on the right eye image plane 7 viewed by the right eye through the right lens assembly 5R that corresponds to the objective point 12.
  • the image point 23 is a specific point on the right eye image plane 7 viewed by the right eye through the right lens assembly 5R that corresponds to the objective point 13.
  • FIG. 8(a) illustrates a positive parallax hyperstereo viewing mode of the present invention involving both horizontal parallax and vertical parallax.
  • the left eye image plane 6 and the right eye image plane 7 are located in back of (or backward from) the screen 4 resulting in backward vertical displacement for both eyes (L, R).
  • the left eye image plane 6 and the right-eye image plane 7 can but does not need to have the same vertical (z) axis coordinate/location.
  • the image points 10, 1 1 on the screen 4 viewed by the left eye L has been horizontally displaced to the right as shown by the image points 20, 21 on the left eye image plane 6.
  • the image points 12, 13 on the screen 4 viewed by the right eye R has been horizontally displaced to the left as shown by the image points 22, 23 on the right eye image plane 7.
  • FIG. 8(b) illustrates a negative parallax hyperstereo viewing mode of the present invention involving both horizontal parallax and vertical parallax.
  • the left eye image plane 6 and the right eye image plane 7 are located in front of (or forward from) the screen 4 resulting in forward vertical displacement for both eyes (L, R).
  • the left eye image plane 6 and the right- eye image plane 7 can but does not need to have the same vertical (z) axis coordinate/location.
  • the image points 10, 1 1 on the screen 4 viewed by the left eye L has been horizontally displaced to the right as shown by the image points 20, 21 on the left eye image plane 6.
  • the image points 12, 13 on the screen 4 viewed by the right eye R has been horizontally displaced to the left as shown by the image points 22, 23 on the right eye image plane 7.
  • FIG. 8(c) illustrates a positive parallax hypostereo viewing mode of the present invention involving both horizontal parallax and vertical parallax.
  • the left eye image plane 6 and the right eye image plane 7 are located in back of (or backward from) the screen 4 resulting in backward vertical displacement for both eyes (L, R).
  • the left eye image plane 6 and the right-eye image plane 7 can but does not need to have the same vertical (z) axis coordinate/location.
  • the image points 10, 1 1 on the screen 4 viewed by the left eye L has been horizontally displaced to the left as shown by the image points 20, 21 on the left eye image plane 6.
  • the image points 12, 13 on the screen 4 viewed by the right eye R has been horizontally displaced to the right as shown by the image points 22, 23 on the right eye image plane 7.
  • FIG. 8(d) illustrates a negative parallax hypostereo viewing mode of the present invention involving both horizontal parallax and vertical parallax.
  • the left eye image plane 6 and the right eye image plane 7 are located in front of (or forward from) the screen 4 resulting in forward vertical displacement for both eyes (L, R).
  • the left eye image plane 6 and the right- eye image plane 7 can but does not need to have the same vertical (z) axis coordinate/location.
  • image plane 6 can be located vertically in front of image plane 7 or vice versa.
  • the image points 10, 1 1 on the screen 4 viewed by the left eye L has been horizontal displaced to the left as shown by image point 20, 21 on the left eye image plane 6.
  • the image points 12, 13 on the screen 4 viewed by the right eye R has been horizontal displaced to the right as shown by image point 22, 23 on right eye image plane 7.
  • the positive parallax hyperstereo viewing mode as illustrated by FIG. 8(a) is the most preferred viewing mode.
  • the positive parallax hypostereo viewing mode as illustrated by FIG. 8(c) is the next preferred viewing mode. This mode could be used when the size of the image is properly restricted; otherwise, visual divergence as illustrated in FIG. 1 (d) may occur resulting in excessive outward eyes squint.
  • the negative parallax hyperstereo viewing mode as illustrated in FIG. 8(b) is the next preferred viewing mode after the positive parallax hypostereo viewing mode. This mode could be used when the image is properly restricted for less near objects, otherwise, visual convergence as illustrated in FIG. 1 (e) may occur resulting in excessive inward eyes squint.
  • the negative parallax hypostereo viewing mode as illustrated in FIG. 8(d) is the least preferred viewing mode. It could only be used when the size of the image and the near objects is properly restricted, otherwise, visual divergence and convergence as illustrated in FIGS.1 (d) may occur resulting in excessive outward eyes squint and visual convergence as illustrated in FIG.1 (e) may also occur resulting in excessive inward eyes squint.
  • the optical elements of each of the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) comprise a collection of prisms. Since a collection of prisms generally occupies less physical space than a collection of plane mirrors, it is preferred. Furthermore, in order to reduce the thickness of the glasses 5, it is preferred that the optical element be made thinner is possible. For example, a thin prism having a relatively large refractive index may be a suitable choice. However, it should be noted that a large refractive index would produce dispersion. To reduce the dispersion effect, various means can be used such as mixing different refractive index of prism and/or different vertex angles in order to equalize for each other.
  • each of the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) is comprised of a plurality of prisms providing separating and filtering functions to stray lights resulting in the glasses 5 providing the additional benefit of providing a more colorful, brighter and sharper 3D stereoscopic image compared to viewing with the naked eyes.
  • the naked eyes are affected seriously by background stray light when compared to viewing through such lens assemblies (5L, 5R) of the glasses 5.
  • the viewing modes illustrated in FIGS. 8(a)-8(d) are achieved by the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) comprising of various optical elements. Exemplary embodiments of the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) are discussed below and illustrated in FIGS.10-1 1 and 15-24.
  • the optical element of an angled rectangular prism 100 of the glasses 5 causes deflection of the viewer's viewing pathway of a 2D image in order to provide the desired parallax needed to induce 3D stereoscopic vision of such image. As shown in FIG.
  • the optical element 100 is a rectangular prism angled at a predetermined degree either count-clockwise 60 or clockwise 61 to the horizontal axis.
  • the spatial displacements include the horizontal displacement 720 and the vertical displacement 820.
  • the left lens assembly (5L) includes optical element 100 which sets an angle 60 count-clockwise to a horizontal axis and the right lens assembly (5R) includes optical element 1 10 which sets an angle 61 clockwise to a horizontal axis.
  • the objective points 10, 1 1 on the screen 4 viewed by the left eye L has been horizontal displaced 720, 721 to the right as shown by objective point 20, 21 on the left eye image plane 6.
  • the image points 12, 13 on the screen 4 viewed by the right eye R has been horizontal displaced 722, 723 to the left as shown by image point 22, 23 on right eye image plane 7.
  • the left eye image plane 6 and the right eye image plane 7 are located in back of (or backward from) the screen 4 resulting in backward vertical displacement 820, 822 for both eyes (L, R). Accordingly, this embodiment provides a positive parallax hyperstereo viewing mode as illustrated in FIG. 8(a).
  • the left lens assembly (5L) includes optical element 100 which sets an angle 60 clockwise to a horizontal axis and the right lens assembly (5R) includes optical element 1 10 which sets an angle 61 count-clockwise to horizontal.
  • the objective points 10, 1 1 on the screen 4 viewed by the left eye L has been horizontal displaced 720, 721 to the left as shown by image point 20, 21 on the left eye image plane 6.
  • the objective points 12, 13 on the screen 4 viewed by the right eye R has been horizontal displaced 722, 723 to the right as shown by image point 22, 23 on right eye image plane 7.
  • the left eye image plane 6 and the right eye image plane 7 are located in back of (or backward from) the screen 4 resulting in backward vertical displacement 820, 822 for both eyes (L, R). Accordingly, this embodiment provides a positive parallax hypostereo viewing mode as illustrated in FIG. 8(c).
  • the optical element 100 is a triangular prism with a vertex angle 70 placed along a horizontal axis.
  • the viewing pathways 40, 41 , 42 experienced spatial deflection shown by respective image points 20, 21 , 22 of the image plane 6.
  • the spatial displacement includes the horizontal displacement 720, 721 , 722 to the left and the vertical displacement 820 backward.
  • the optical element 100 is a triangular prism with vertex angle 70 that is a mirror image of the triangular prism illustrated in FIG. 12.
  • the viewing pathways 40, 41 , 42 experienced spatial deflection shown by respective image points 20, 21 , 22 of the image plane 6.
  • the spatial displacement includes the horizontal displacement 720, 721 , 722 shifted to the right and the vertical displacement 820 shifted backward.
  • a triangular prism is hereinafter defined as the two main optical planes or extension cross a vertex angle as illustrated in FIGS. 12 and 13.
  • the spatial displacements achieved by the triangular prism 100 shown in FIGS.12-13 indicate that an angled triangular prism to the horizontal axis can be used as an optical element for each of the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) of the glasses 5 to fulfill the functionality requirements by the viewing modes shown in FIGS. 8(a)-8(d).
  • the following scenarios can occur.
  • a lens assembly (e.g., either 5L or 5R) of the glass 5 may include the following optical elements: a triangular prism 100 with a vertex angle 70 and an opposing triangular prism 101 with a vertex angle 71 separated by the separation space 96 as shown on left portion of FIG. 14 or a triangular prism 1 10 with a vertex angle 70 and an opposing triangular prism 1 1 1 with a vertex angle 71 separated by the separation space 97 as shown on right portion of FIG. 14.
  • the only difference between the left portion and the right portion of FIG. 14 is that the size of the separation space 97 is greater than the size of the separation space 96.
  • the spatial displacement includes the horizontal displacement 720, 721 shifted to the left and zero vertical displacement.
  • the viewing pathways 42, 43 experienced spatial deflection shown by respective image points 22, 23.
  • the spatial displacement includes the horizontal displacement 722, 723 shifted to the left and zero vertical displacement. Comparing the left portion and the right portion of FIG. 14, it is clear that when all other structures are the same, a larger separation space (97 vs. 96) leads to greater horizontal displacement (722 and 723 versus 720, 721 ).
  • each lens assembly 5L, or 5R
  • modification of the amount of horizontal displacement or horizontal parallax to be provided by each lens assembly (5L, or 5R) can be regulate by the size of the separation space (96, 97).
  • the size of the separation space(s) can be made to be an optional adjustment for each of the lens assembly (e.g., see the adjustment mechanism 38 illustrated in FIG. 6).
  • the left lens assembly 5L includes optical elements that are two opposing triangular prisms 100, 101 forming a separation space 96.
  • the prisms 100, 101 have two vertex angles (70, 71 ).
  • the right lens assembly 5R is positioned as mirroring of the left lens assembly 5L relative to the central advancing axis.
  • the right lens assembly 5R includes triangular prisms 1 10, 1 1 1 with two vertex angles 75, 76.
  • the prisms 1 10 and 1 1 1 form a separation space 97. Due to the fact that the left lens assembly 5L and the right lens assembly 5R are mirroring each other, the separation space 96, 97 together forms a "V" shape.
  • the viewing pathways 40L, 41 L experienced spatial deflection shown by respective image points 20 and 21 .
  • the horizontal displacement (720, 721 ) of the left eye image of the 2D image shown on the screen 4 is to the right.
  • the viewing pathways 42R, 43R experienced spatial deflection shown by respective image points 22 and 23.
  • the horizontal displacement (722, 723) of the right-eye image of the 2D image shown on the screen 4 is to the left. Accordingly, this embodiment provides a zero parallax hyperstereo viewing mode.
  • FIG. 16 and the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) of this embodiment together forms a mirroring of the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) of the embodiment shown in FIG. 15 relative to the central horizontal axis resulting in the separation spaces 96, 97 forming an upside down "V" shape.
  • the viewing pathways 40L, 41 L experienced spatial deflection shown by corresponding image points 20, 21 .
  • the horizontal displacement (720, 721 ) of the left eye image of the 2D image shown on the screen 4 is to the left.
  • this embodiment of the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) provides a zero parallax hypostereo viewing mode.
  • a comparison the two embodiments illustrated in FIGS.15-16 reveals that their difference is basically a swap or exchange between the right lens assembly 5R and the left lens assembly 5L or vice versa.
  • Examination of the resulting left eye images and right eye images reveals that (i) the orientation of the set of opposite triangular prisms (100 & 101 ; 1 10 & 1 1 1 ) determines the resulting stereoscopic viewing mode (e.g., hyperstereo versus hypostereo); and (ii) changing the separation space distance/width varies the horizontal parallax. Without the separation space 96, 97, both of the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) will form a rectangular prism.
  • the entire structure (e.g., optical elements 100 and 101 along with separation space 96 of the left lens assembly 5L and the entire structure (e.g., optical elements 1 10 and 1 1 1 along with separation space 97) of the right lens assembly 5R can be angled similar to the angles 60, 61 as illustrated in FIGS. 10-1 1 in order to modify the spatial parallax.
  • this modified alternative embodiment of the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) can provide either the positive parallax hyperstereo viewing mode as illustrated in FIG. 8(a) or the positive parallax hypostereo viewing mode as illustrated in FIG. 8(c).
  • the left lens assembly 5L of the glasses 5 is comprised of a composite of three triangular prisms 100, 101 , 102 as its optical elements.
  • This composite structure is basically formed by placing a triangular prism 102 with a vertex angle 72 and a variable angle 60 on top of the set of opposing triangular prisms 100, 101 with vertex angles 70, 71 and separation space 96 as illustrated in FIG. 15 wherein a separation space 90 separates the triangular prism 102 from the triangular prism 101 .
  • the right lens assembly 5R is mirroring of the left lens assembly with triangular prism 1 10, 1 1 1 , 1 12 with vertex angles 75, 76, 77 and variable angle 61 and the separation spaces 97 and 91 .
  • the viewing pathways 40L, 41 L experienced spatial deflection shown by corresponding image points 20, 21 on the left eye image plane 6.
  • the horizontal displacement (721 , 722) of the left-eye image is to the right.
  • this embodiment provides a positive parallax hyperstereo viewing mode as illustrated in FIG. 8(a).
  • this embodiment of the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) of the glasses 5 is basically the same as the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 17 except that the triangular prism 102 with vertex angle 72 and the triangular prism 1 12 with vertex angle 77 no longer have their vertex angles 72 and 77 facing each other. Instead, the vertex angles 72 and 77 of the triangular prisms 102 and 1 12 are now facing away from each other as illustrated in FIG. 18.
  • the viewing pathways 40L, 41 L experienced spatial deflection shown by corresponding image points 20, 21 on the left eye image plane 6.
  • the horizontal displacement (721 , 722) of the left-eye image is to the left.
  • the viewing pathways 42R, 43R experienced spatial deflection shown by corresponding image points 22, 23 on the right eye image plane 7.
  • the horizontal displacement (722, 723) of the right-eye image is to the right.
  • the left eye image plane 6 and the right eye image plane 7 are located in back of (or backward from) the screen 4 resulting in backward vertical displacement 820, 822. Accordingly, this embodiment provides a positive parallax hypostereo viewing mode as illustrated in FIG. 8(c).
  • the left lens assembly 5L of the glasses 5 is comprised of a composite of three triangular prisms 100, 101 , 102 as its optical elements.
  • This composite structure is basically formed by placing a triangular prism 102 with a vertex angle 72 and variable angle 60 on top of the set of opposing triangular prisms 100, 101 with vertex angles 70, 71 and separation space 96 as illustrated in FIG. 16 wherein a separation space 90 separates the triangular prism 102 from the triangular prism 101 .
  • the right lens assembly 5R is a mirror image of the left lens assembly with triangular prism 1 10, 1 1 1 , 1 12 with vertex angles 75, 76, 77 and variable angle 61 and the separation spaces 97 and 91 .
  • the viewing pathways 40L, 41 L experienced spatial deflection shown by corresponding image points 20, 21 on the left eye image plane 6.
  • the horizontal displacement (721 , 722) of the left-eye image is to the right.
  • this embodiment provides a positive parallax hyperstereo viewing mode as illustrated in FIG. 8(a).
  • this embodiment of the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) of the glasses 5 is basically the same as the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 19 except that the triangular prism 102 with vertex angle 72 and the triangular prism 1 12 with vertex angle 77 no longer have their vertex angles 72 and 77 facing each other. Instead, the vertex angles 72 and 77 of the triangular prisms 102 and 1 12 are now facing away from each other as illustrated in FIG. 20.
  • the viewing pathways 40L, 41 L experienced spatial deflection shown by corresponding image points 20, 21 on the left eye image plane 6.
  • the horizontal displacement (721 , 722) of the left-eye image is to the left.
  • the viewing pathways 42R, 43R experienced spatial deflection shown by corresponding image points 22, 23 on the right eye image plane 7.
  • the horizontal displacement (722, 723) of the right-eye image is to the right.
  • the left eye image plane 6 and the right eye image plane 7 are located in back of (or backward from) the screen 4 resulting in backward vertical displacement 820, 822. Accordingly, this embodiment provides a positive parallax hypostereo viewing mode as illustrated in FIG. 8(c).
  • FIGS. 17 and 19 both provide positive parallax hyperstereo viewing mode as illustrated in FIG. 8(a). Assuming the vertex angles 70, 71 , 72, 75, 76, 77, variable angles 60, 61 , and separation spaces (90, 91 , 96, 97) in these two embodiments are the same, it is interesting to note that the viewing pathways go through the optical elements 100, 101 , and 102 as illustrated in FIG. 17 all generate the horizontal displacement to the right. However, in the FIG.
  • the viewing pathways go through the optical elements 100, 101 , 102, only optical elements 100 and 101 generate horizontal displacement to the left while the optical element 102 generate horizontal displacement to the right, partially offsetting the horizontal displacement generated by the optical element 100 and 101 .
  • This offsetting effect shall hereinafter be referred to as an "offset".
  • a comparison of the viewing pathways (e.g., light paths) and spatial parallax reveals that the spatial parallax of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 17 is greater than the spatial parallax of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 19. Due to the fact that the FIG. 17 embodiment does not have the offset provided by the FIG. 19 embodiment, the effect of hyperstereo viewing provided by FIG. 17 is greater than the effect of hyperstereo viewing provided by FIG. 19.
  • FIGS. 18 and 20 both provide positive parallax hypostereo viewing mode as illustrated in FIG. 8(c). Assuming the vertex angles 70, 71 , 72, 75, 76, 77, variable angles 60, 61 , and separation spaces (90, 91 , 96, 97) in these two embodiments are the same, it is interesting to note that the viewing pathways go through the optical elements 100, 101 , and 102 as illustrated in FIG. 18 all generate the horizontal displacement to the left. However, in the FIG.
  • the viewing pathways go through the optical elements 100, 101 , 102, only optical elements 100 and 101 generate horizontal displacement to the right while the optical element 102 generate horizontal displacement to the left, partially offsetting the horizontal displacement generated by the optical element 100 and 101 . Accordingly, a comparison of the viewing pathways (e.g., light paths) and spatial parallax reveals that the spatial parallax of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 18 is greater than the spatial parallax of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 20. Due to the fact that the FIG. 18 embodiment does not have the offset provided by the FIG. 20 embodiment, the effect of hypostereo viewing provided by FIG. 18 is greater than the effect of hypostereo viewing provided by FIG. 20.
  • the left lens assembly 5L of the glasses 5 is comprised of a composite of four triangular prisms 100, 101 , 102, 103 with vertex angles 70, 71 , 72, 73 and variable angle 60 and the separation spaces 92, 96, and 97 as its optical elements.
  • This composite structure is basically formed by placing the triangular prism 103 with a vertex angle 73 below the left lens assembly illustrated in FIG. 17 with a separation space 92 between the triangular prism 103 and the triangular prism 100.
  • the right lens assembly 5R is mirroring of the left lens assembly with triangular prism 1 10, 1 1 1 , 1 12, 1 13 with vertex angles 75, 76, 77, 78 and variable angle 61 and the separation spaces 91 , 93, and 97.
  • the viewing pathways 40L experienced spatial deflection shown by corresponding image point 20 on the left eye image plane 6.
  • the horizontal displacement (720) of the left-eye image is to the right.
  • this embodiment provides a positive parallax hyperstereo viewing mode as illustrated in FIG. 8(a).
  • the left lens assembly 5L of the glasses 5 is comprised of a composite of four triangular prisms 100, 101 , 102, 103 with vertex angles 70, 71 , 72, 73 and variable angle 60 and the separation spaces 92, 96, and 97 as its optical elements.
  • This composite structure is basically formed by placing the triangular prism 103 with a vertex angle 73 below the left lens assembly illustrated in FIG. 18 with a separation space 92 between the triangular prism 103 and the triangular prism 100.
  • the right lens assembly 5R is mirroring of the left lens assembly with triangular prism 1 10, 1 1 1 , 1 12, 1 13 with vertex angles 75, 76, 77, 78 and variable angle 61 and the separation spaces 91 , 93, and 97.
  • the viewing pathways 40L experienced spatial deflection shown by corresponding image point 20 on the left eye image plane 6.
  • the horizontal displacement (720) of the left-eye image is to the left.
  • this embodiment provides a positive parallax hypostereo viewing mode as illustrated in FIG. 8(c).
  • this embodiment of the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) of the glasses 5 is basically the same as the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 21 except that the triangular prism 103 with vertex angle 73 and the triangular prism 1 13 with vertex angle 78 no longer have their vertex angles 73 and 78 facing each other. Instead, the vertex angles 73 and 78 of the triangular prisms 103 and 1 13 are now facing away from each other as illustrated in FIG. 23.
  • the viewing pathways 40L experienced spatial deflection shown by corresponding image point 20 on the left eye image plane 6.
  • the horizontal displacement (720) of the left-eye image is to the right.
  • the viewing pathways 42R experienced spatial deflection shown by corresponding image point 22 on the right eye image plane 7.
  • the horizontal displacement 722 of the right-eye image is to the left.
  • the left eye image plane 6 and the right eye image plane 7 are located in back of (or backward from) the screen 4 resulting in backward vertical displacement 820, 822. Accordingly, this embodiment provides a positive parallax hyperstereo viewing mode as illustrated in FIG. 8(a).
  • this embodiment of the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) of the glasses 5 is basically the same as the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 21 except that the triangular prism 103 with vertex angle 73 and the triangular prism 1 13 with vertex angle 78 no longer have their vertex angles 73 and 78 facing away from each other. Instead, the vertex angles 73 and 78 of the triangular prisms 103 and 1 13 are now facing each other as illustrated in FIG. 24.
  • the viewing pathways 40L experienced spatial deflection shown by corresponding image point 20 on the left eye image plane 6.
  • the horizontal displacement (720) of the left-eye image is to the left.
  • the viewing pathways 42R experienced spatial deflection shown by corresponding image point 22 on the right eye image plane 7.
  • the horizontal displacement 722 of the right-eye image is to the right.
  • the left eye image plane 6 and the right eye image plane 7 are located in back of (or backward from) the screen 4 resulting in backward vertical displacement 820, 822. Accordingly, this embodiment provides a positive parallax hypostereo viewing mode as illustrated in FIG. 8(c).
  • FIG. 21 and FIG. 23 both represent positive parallax hyperstereo viewing mode as illustrated in Fig. 8(a). Assuming the vertex angles (70, 71 , 72, 73, 75, 76, 77, 78), the variable angles (60, 61 ), and the separation spaces (90, 91 , 92, 93, 96, 97) as shown in FIGS. 21 and 23 are the same, it is interesting to note that the viewing pathway 40L go through the optical elements 100, 101 , 102 and 103 as illustrated in FIG. 21 all generate the horizontal displacement to the right, and the viewing pathway 40R go through the optical elements 1 10, 1 1 1 1 , 1 12 and 1 13 as illustrated in FIG. 21 all generate the horizontal displacement to the left. However, in the FIG. 23 embodiment, the viewing pathways go through the optical elements 100, 101 , 102 and 103, only optical elements 100, 101 and
  • the viewing pathway 42R go through the optical elements 1 10, 1 1 1 , 1 12 and 1 13, only optical elements 1 10, 1 1 1 and 1 12 generate horizontal displacement to the left while the optical element 1 13 generate horizontal displacement to the right, partially offsetting the horizontal displacement generated by the optical elements 1 10, 1 1 1 , and 1 12. Accordingly, a comparison of the viewing pathways (e.g., light paths) and spatial parallax reveals that the spatial parallax of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 21 is greater than the spatial parallax of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 23. Due to the fact that the FIG.
  • FIG. 22 and FIG. 24 both represent positive parallax hypostereo viewing mode as illustrated in Fig. 8(c). Assuming the vertex angles (70, 71 , 72, 73, 75, 76, 77, 78), the variable angles (60, 61 ), and the separation spaces (90, 91 , 92, 93, 96, 97) as shown in FIGS. 22 and 24 are the same, it is interesting to note that the viewing pathways go through the optical elements 100, 101 , 102 and 103 as illustrated in FIG. 22 all generate the horizontal displacement to the left, the viewing pathway 42R go through the optical elements 1 10, 1 1 1 , 1 12 and 1 13 as illustrated in FIG. 22 all generate the horizontal displacement to the right.
  • the viewing pathways go through the optical elements 100, 101 , 102 and 103, only optical elements 100, 101 and 102 generate horizontal displacement to the left while the optical element 103 generate horizontal displacement to the right, partially offsetting the horizontal displacement generated by the optical elements 100, 101 , and 102;
  • the viewing pathway 42R go through the optical elements 1 10, 1 1 1 , 1 12 and 1 13, only optical elements 1 10, 1 1 1 and 1 12 generate horizontal displacement to the right while the optical element 1 13 generate horizontal displacement to the left, partially offsetting the horizontal displacement generated by the optical elements 1 10, 1 1 1 , and 1 12.
  • a comparison of the viewing pathways e.g., light paths
  • spatial parallax reveals that the spatial parallax of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 22 is greater than the spatial parallax of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 24. Due to the fact that the FIG.
  • FIG. 22 embodiment does not have the offset provided by the FIG. 24 embodiment, the effect of hypostereo viewing provided by FIG. 22 is greater than the effect of hypostereo viewing provided by FIG. 24.
  • FIGS. 10, 17, 19, 21 and 23, all of which provides positive parallax hyperstereo viewing mode as illustrated in FIG. 8(a) reveals that the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 10 requires too much physical space and the center corner of its optical elements 100, 1 10 can block certain viewing pathway resulting in potential dead viewing area. Accordingly, this embodiment is not as desirable as other embodiments illustrated herein for positive parallax hyperstereo viewing mode.
  • FIG. 17 is better than the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 19 in its ability to provide the desired 3D stereoscopic vison of 2D content shown on a planar screen.
  • FIG. 21 is better than the embodiment illustrated in FIG.
  • FIG. 21 in its ability to provide the desired 3D stereoscopic vison of 2D content shown on a planar screen. Since the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 21 includes more optical elements than the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 17, the FIG. 21 embodiment is likely to be thicker and heavier than the FIG. 17 embodiment. Nevertheless, the FIG. 21 embodiment has greater horizontal displacement when compared to the FIG. 17 embodiment so in some applications, it may be the desired choice over FIG. 17 embodiment. It is noted that the FIG.17 embodiment does give sufficient refraction. Accordingly, the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 17 is likely the most preferred embodiment discussed herein for potential use and commercial application. The embodiment illustrated in FIG. 10 requires too much physical space and the center corner of its optical elements 100, 1 10 blocked certain viewing pathway which can cause dead viewing area. Accordingly, this embodiment is not as desirable as other embodiments illustrated herein for positive parallax hyperstereo viewing mode.
  • the embodiments of the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) serve only as examples.
  • the present invention contemplates and includes other combinations of known optical elements for its lens assemblies (5L, 5R) of the glasses 5 as long as such combinations provide the desired 3D stereoscopic vision of a 2D image or content shown on the planar screen 4. It is preferred that the lens assemblies (5L, 5R) provides positive parallax hyperstereo viewing mode as illustrated in FIG. 8(a) or positive parallax hypostereo viewing mode as illustrated in FIG. 8(b) of such 2D content shown on the planar screen.
  • the present invention also includes, but is not limited to, methods of making and methods of using the glasses 5 for providing 3D stereoscopic vision of viewing 2D content on a planar screen.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne des lunettes optiques stéréoscopiques 3D (5) comprenant un boîtier (7), un ensemble de lentilles de gauche (5L) et un ensemble de lentilles de droite (5R), les ensembles de lentilles (5L, 5R) faisant appel à la réfraction pour créer l'un des modes de visualisation suivants : un mode de visualisation hyperstéréo à parallaxe positive, un mode de visualisation hypostéréo à parallaxe positive, un mode de visualisation hyperstéréo à parallaxe négative et un mode de visualisation hypostéréo à parallaxe négative, qui peuvent amener un observateur à percevoir une vision stéréoscopique 3D d'une image 2D affichée sur un écran plat.
PCT/US2015/018566 2015-03-04 2015-03-04 Lunettes optiques stéréoscopiques réglables WO2016140655A1 (fr)

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JP2017565036A JP2018508841A (ja) 2015-03-04 2015-03-04 調節可能光学立体メガネ
CN201580075935.9A CN107660276A (zh) 2015-03-04 2015-03-04 可调节光学立体眼镜
EP15884120.5A EP3265868A4 (fr) 2015-03-04 2015-03-04 Lunettes optiques stéréoscopiques réglables

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CN107660276A (zh) 2018-02-02
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EP3265868A1 (fr) 2018-01-10

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