WO2016138861A1 - 一种信道检测方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种信道检测方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016138861A1
WO2016138861A1 PCT/CN2016/075345 CN2016075345W WO2016138861A1 WO 2016138861 A1 WO2016138861 A1 WO 2016138861A1 CN 2016075345 W CN2016075345 W CN 2016075345W WO 2016138861 A1 WO2016138861 A1 WO 2016138861A1
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Prior art keywords
channel
cca threshold
power level
determining
transmit power
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PCT/CN2016/075345
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨柳
孙波
邢卫民
方永刚
Original Assignee
中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201510821796.1A external-priority patent/CN105939543B/zh
Application filed by 中兴通讯股份有限公司 filed Critical 中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority to US15/554,704 priority Critical patent/US10645600B2/en
Priority to EP16758476.2A priority patent/EP3255917B1/en
Publication of WO2016138861A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016138861A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/08—Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present application relates to, but is not limited to, the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a channel detection method and apparatus.
  • WLAN Wireless Local Area Networks
  • IEEE 802.11 group of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers has defined a series of standards such as 802.11a/b/g/n/ac to meet the growing demand for communication.
  • an Access Point AP
  • STAs stations
  • BSS basic service set
  • AP Access Point
  • STAs stations
  • BSS basic service set
  • 802.11 supports two methods for determining channel idleness, namely physical carrier detection and virtual carrier detection.
  • Physical carrier detection refers to Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) channel detection technology.
  • CCA Clear Channel Assessment
  • the associated station detects whether the channel is busy or idle by detecting the signal strength on the medium.
  • a basic bandwidth such as a 20 MHz channel, when it is judged that the received signal is an 802.11 signal and the intensity is greater than -82 dBm, the channel is considered busy.
  • the virtual carrier detection refers to a third-party associated station other than the communication parties.
  • the local channel protection reservation time is set according to the transmission time indication in the frame.
  • the transmission time in the frame may be a value of a Local Network Allocation Vector (NAV) or a value of a BSS Response Indication Delay Counter (BSS RID counter).
  • NAV Local Network Allocation Vector
  • BSS RID counter BSS Response Indication Delay Counter
  • CCA channel detection techniques have long used fixed thresholds as criteria for judging channel busyness, which in some scenarios reduces channel access opportunities.
  • station 1 and station 2 are two transmitting stations, respectively, and can hear each other's signals and receive power.
  • the CCA detection threshold (-82dBm) is used to determine the busy time when a fixed threshold is used
  • the station 1 sends data to the station 3 the signal receiving strength of the transmission to the station 2 is greater than the CCA detection threshold of the station 2 (-82dBm). )
  • Site 2 judges that the channel is busy and waits for the backoff.
  • Site 2 sends data to Site 4
  • Site 1 can only retire waiting. In this way, only one pair of stations can communicate at each moment. But in fact, the transmission of data by Site 1 to Site 3 does not affect Site 2 sending data to Site 4.
  • the low and fixed CCA detection threshold reduces the transmission opportunity of the sending site, resulting in low network utilization.
  • the Dynamic Sensitivity Control (DSC) technology can improve the channel multiplexing rate by dynamically and flexibly configuring the CCA threshold. For example, timely and appropriate increase of the CCA detection threshold can improve the transmission opportunity.
  • the transmit power of the sending site is different. The power imbalance between the transmitting sites will cause the coverage to be asymmetric. This will cause the high-power devices to cause small power devices when using the DSC technology to adjust the CCA threshold. Interference, or cause unfair competition.
  • Site 1 and Site 2 are transmitting sites, and the transmitting power of Site 2 is smaller than that of Site 1.
  • station 2 sends data to station 4 the power of the signal arriving at station 1 is slightly higher than -82 dBm.
  • station 1 since station 1 uses DSC technology to raise the CCA threshold, station 1 determines that the channel is idle, so multiplex channel to station 3 Sending data, because the station 1 power is too large, the transmission process causes serious interference to the receiving of the station 4 (receiving the data of the station 2), causing the station 4 to receive (receive the data of the station 2), which is caused by the high-power equipment. Interference problem.
  • station 1 monitors that the signal strength of station 2 is low, and can use DSC technology to increase the CCA threshold, and the multiplex channel sends data to station 3, but station 2 monitors that station 1 has a higher signal strength than
  • the range of CCA is dynamically adjusted, so station 2 cannot multiplex channels for data transmission, which is a problem of unfair competition caused by high-power equipment.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a channel detection method and device, which can effectively reduce the interference caused by high-power devices while improving the network utilization rate, and ensure the fairness of the multiplexing transmission.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a channel detection method, which is applied to a wireless local area network device, and includes:
  • the idle channel estimation (CCA) threshold is determined according to the channel measurement result, the correspondence between the transmission power level and the channel access parameter, and the channel state is determined to be idle according to the CCA threshold.
  • the determining, according to the channel measurement result, the correspondence between the transmit power level and the channel access parameter, a clear channel estimation (CCA) threshold, and determining, according to the CCA threshold, whether the channel state is idle including:
  • Whether the channel state is idle according to the CCA threshold is determined.
  • the method further includes:
  • Whether the channel state is free or not is determined according to the CCA threshold obtained by recalculation.
  • the determining, according to the channel measurement result, the correspondence between the transmit power level and the channel access parameter, a clear channel estimation (CCA) threshold, and determining, according to the CCA threshold, whether the channel state is idle including:
  • the channel access parameter includes one or more of the following parameters: a radio frame received power upper limit value sent by the access point, a CCA threshold boundary value, a CCA threshold minimum value, and a fixed CCA indication.
  • the parameter of the threshold is not limited to the following parameters: a radio frame received power upper limit value sent by the access point, a CCA threshold boundary value, a CCA threshold minimum value, and a fixed CCA indication.
  • the channel measurement result includes: a received power of a signal being transmitted received on a channel on which the device is to transmit data, and a received power of the received wireless frame transmitted by the access point.
  • the calculating a CCA threshold according to the channel access parameter and the channel measurement result including:
  • the smaller one of the radio frame reception power upper limit value sent by the access point and the reception power of the radio frame transmitted by the access point received by the device is determined as the effective reception power
  • the larger of the CCA threshold temporary value and the CCA threshold minimum value is determined as the CCA threshold.
  • the correspondence between the sending power level and the channel access parameter includes:
  • the transmission power is divided into N numerical intervals, and each numerical interval corresponds to one level;
  • the channel access parameter corresponding to the level of the transmit power exceeding the threshold includes: a parameter indicating a fixed CCA threshold;
  • the channel access parameter corresponding to the level at which the transmit power does not exceed the threshold includes the following parameters: a radio frame receive power upper limit value sent by the access point corresponding to the transmit power level, and a CCA threshold boundary value corresponding to the transmit power level And the lowest CCA threshold value corresponding to the transmission power level.
  • the measuring the channel before transmitting the data includes: measuring a plurality of channels before transmitting the data;
  • CCA clear channel estimation
  • the method further includes:
  • transmission power allocation is performed between the channels.
  • the determining, according to the channel measurement result, the correspondence between the transmit power level and the channel access parameter, a clear channel estimation (CCA) threshold, and determining, according to the CCA threshold, whether the channel state is idle including:
  • the transmission power and the CCA threshold of the device for the contention channel are determined according to the multiplexing parameter information monitored from the channel, the strength of the signal being transmitted on the channel, and the corresponding relationship between the power level set by the system and the CCA threshold.
  • CCA thresholds including:
  • a signal frame that carries the multiplexing parameter information, where the multiplexing parameter information includes: an address of a receiver occupying the channel, a sending power of the receiver, and an interference threshold of the receiver;
  • a candidate transmit power level and a CCA threshold according to the determined maximum transmit power Pmax of the device, the corresponding relationship between the system-set power level and the CCA threshold, and the received power of the signal being transmitted on the channel received by the device. And if at least one set of candidate transmit power levels that do not exceed the maximum transmit power Pmax can be selected, and the CCA threshold corresponding to the candidate transmit power level enables the device to determine that the state of the channel is idle,
  • the candidate transmit power level and the CCA threshold are used as the transmit power level and the CCA threshold of the device for the contention channel, and the transmit power of the device is determined according to the transmit power level used for the contention channel.
  • the determining, according to the monitored multiplexing parameter information, a maximum transmit power Pmax that does not interfere with a receiver that has occupied the channel after multiplexing the channel includes:
  • the determining a path loss L between the device and the receiver device that has occupied the channel includes:
  • the device receives the transmission response frame CTS for confirming channel multiplexing transmission sent by the receiver device that has occupied the channel, according to the receiver sending power obtained from the multiplexing parameter information of the CTS frame
  • the determining a path loss L between the device and the receiver device that has occupied the channel includes:
  • the device receives the transmission request frame RTS for requesting channel multiplexing transmission sent by the sender device that has occupied the channel, and does not receive the acknowledgement channel sent by the receiver device that has occupied the channel
  • the multiplexed transmission response frame CTS is used to query the path loss history of the device. If the history record corresponding to the receiver device is queried, the queried path loss history value l is used as the device and the occupied device. Path loss L between receiver devices of the channel;
  • the signal frame is a CTS frame or other data frame.
  • the multiplexing parameter information is carried in a physical layer header or a medium access control (MAC) layer header of the signal frame.
  • MAC medium access control
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a channel detecting device, which is applied to a wireless local area network device, and includes:
  • the measurement module is configured to: measure the channel before transmitting the data;
  • the CCA threshold determining module is configured to: determine a CCA threshold according to a channel measurement result, a correspondence between a transmission power level and a channel access parameter, and determine, according to the CCA threshold, whether the channel state is idle.
  • the CCA threshold determination module is configured to:
  • Whether the channel state is idle according to the CCA threshold is determined.
  • the CCA threshold determining module is further configured to: after determining that the channel state is busy according to the CCA threshold, adjust a transmit power level that is expected to be used; and determine a corresponding channel connection according to the adjusted transmit power level that is expected to be used. Incoming parameters; recalculating the CCA threshold according to channel access parameters and channel measurement results; determining whether the channel state is idle according to the recalculated CCA threshold.
  • the CCA threshold determination module is configured to:
  • the channel access parameter includes one or more of the following parameters: a radio frame receiving power upper limit value sent by the access point, a CCA threshold boundary value, a CCA threshold minimum value, and a fixed CCA threshold value. parameter.
  • the channel measurement result includes: a received power of a signal being transmitted received on a channel on which the device is to transmit data, and a received power of the received wireless frame transmitted by the access point.
  • the CCA threshold determining module calculates a CCA threshold according to the channel access parameter and the channel measurement result by:
  • the smaller one of the radio frame reception power upper limit value sent by the access point and the reception power of the radio frame transmitted by the access point received by the device is determined as the effective reception power
  • the larger of the CCA threshold temporary value and the CCA threshold minimum value is determined as the CCA threshold.
  • the correspondence between the sending power level and the channel access parameter includes:
  • the transmission power is divided into N numerical intervals, and each numerical interval corresponds to one level;
  • the channel access parameter corresponding to the level of the transmit power exceeding the threshold includes: a parameter indicating a fixed CCA threshold;
  • the channel access parameter corresponding to the level at which the transmit power does not exceed the threshold includes the following parameters: a radio frame receive power upper limit value sent by the access point corresponding to the transmit power level, and a CCA threshold boundary value corresponding to the transmit power level And the lowest CCA threshold value corresponding to the transmission power level.
  • the measuring module is configured to: measure multiple channels before transmitting data
  • the CCA threshold determining module is configured to determine, according to a measurement result of the channel, a correspondence between a transmission power level and a channel access parameter, a CCA threshold corresponding to the channel, and determine the channel according to the CCA threshold. Whether the status is idle;
  • the device also includes:
  • the power allocation module is configured to: after determining the CCA threshold corresponding to each channel, perform transmission power allocation between the channels.
  • the CCA threshold determination module is configured to:
  • the transmission power and the CCA threshold of the device for the contention channel are determined according to the multiplexing parameter information monitored from the channel, the strength of the signal being transmitted on the channel, and the corresponding relationship between the power level set by the system and the CCA threshold.
  • the CCA threshold determination module is configured to:
  • a signal frame that carries the multiplexing parameter information, where the multiplexing parameter information includes: an address of a receiver occupying the channel, a sending power of the receiver, and an interference threshold of the receiver;
  • the determined maximum transmission power Pmax of the device the corresponding relationship between the power level set by the system and the CCA threshold, and the receiving function of the signal being transmitted on the channel received by the device. Rate, selecting a candidate transmit power level and a CCA threshold, if at least one set of candidate transmit power levels that do not exceed the maximum transmit power Pmax can be selected, and the CCA threshold corresponding to the candidate transmit power level enables the device to determine the If the state of the channel is idle, the candidate transmit power level and the CCA threshold are used as the transmit power level and the CCA threshold of the local device for the contention channel, and the transmit power of the device is determined according to the transmit power level for the contention channel.
  • the CCA threshold determining module determines, according to the monitored multiplexing parameter information, a maximum transmit power Pmax that does not interfere with a receiver that has occupied the channel after the device multiplexes the channel:
  • the CCA threshold determination module determines a path loss L between the device and a receiver device that has occupied the channel by:
  • the device receives the transmission response frame CTS for confirming channel multiplexing transmission sent by the receiver device that has occupied the channel, according to the receiver sending power obtained from the multiplexing parameter information of the CTS frame
  • the CCA threshold determination module determines a path loss L between the device and a receiver device that has occupied the channel by:
  • the device receives the transmission request frame RTS for requesting channel multiplexing transmission sent by the sender device that has occupied the channel, and does not receive the acknowledgement channel sent by the receiver device that has occupied the channel
  • the multiplexed transmission response frame CTS is used to query the path loss history of the device. If the history record corresponding to the receiver device is queried, the queried path loss history value l is used as the device and the occupied device. Path loss L between receiver devices of the channel;
  • the path loss value in the path loss history record is received by the device according to the transmit power Pt of the other device and the device when the device receives a signal frame sent by another device.
  • the signal frame is a CTS frame or other data frame.
  • the multiplexing parameter information is carried in a physical layer header or a medium access control (MAC) layer header of the signal frame.
  • MAC medium access control
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, which are implemented when the computer executable instructions are executed.
  • a channel detection method and apparatus establishes a correspondence between a transmission power level and a channel access parameter, and the device can send a radio frame according to the received access point.
  • the received power and the correspondence between the transmit power level and the channel access parameter determine the CCA threshold used by the device when contending for the channel, or the device may be based on the multiplexed parameter information monitored on the channel and the signal being transmitted on the channel.
  • the strength, the system-specified power level, and the CCA threshold determine the CCA threshold used for transmitting power and competing channels, thereby improving network utilization while effectively reducing interference caused by high-power devices and ensuring fairness of multiplex transmission. Sex.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a basic service set of a wireless local area network in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of dynamically configuring a CCA threshold in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of interference and unfair competition caused by unbalanced transmission power when dynamically configuring a CCA threshold in the prior art
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a channel detecting method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a channel detecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of transmitting data using different transmission powers on different channels in the application example 4 of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a channel detection method, which is applied to a wireless local area network device, and includes:
  • Step S10 measuring a channel before transmitting data
  • Step S20 Determine a clear channel estimation (CCA) threshold according to a channel measurement result, a correspondence between a transmission power level and a channel access parameter, and determine, according to the CCA threshold, whether the channel state is idle.
  • CCA clear channel estimation
  • the channel status includes: the channel is idle or the channel is busy.
  • the wireless local area network device is an access point (AP) or a station (STA).
  • AP access point
  • STA station
  • the channel measurement result obtained by measuring the channel before transmitting the data may include one or more of the following information:
  • the radio frame may be a management frame, a control frame, or other radio frame that can be received by the station;
  • the management frame sent by the access point may be: a Beacon frame sent by the access point.
  • the channel measurement result obtained by measuring the channel before transmitting the data may further include one or more of the following information:
  • the bandwidth occupied by the ongoing transmission on the channel on which the device is to transmit data The bandwidth occupied by the ongoing transmission on the channel on which the device is to transmit data, the basic service set (BSS) information to which the ongoing transmission on the channel on which the device is to transmit data, and the ongoing channel on the channel on which the device is to transmit data.
  • BSS basic service set
  • Whether the channel state is idle according to the CCA threshold is determined.
  • the method further includes: after determining that the channel state is busy according to the CCA threshold, the method further includes:
  • Whether the channel state is free or not is determined according to the CCA threshold obtained by recalculation.
  • the correspondence between the sending power level and the channel access parameter is predefined or notified to the device by the network.
  • the network notifies the device of the correspondence between the sending power level and the channel access parameter, including:
  • the access point (AP) notifies the corresponding relationship between the transmission power level and the channel access parameter to the station (STA) in the basic service set (BSS) where the AP is located by means of broadcast or unicast.
  • the channel access parameter includes one or more of the following parameters: a radio frame receiving power upper limit value sent by the access point, a CCA threshold boundary value, a CCA threshold minimum value, and a parameter indicating a fixed CCA threshold value;
  • the channel access parameter may further include: a sending bandwidth.
  • the CCA threshold is calculated according to the channel access parameter and the channel measurement result, including:
  • the smaller one of the radio frame reception power upper limit value sent by the access point and the reception power of the radio frame transmitted by the access point received by the device is determined as the effective reception power
  • the larger of the CCA threshold temporary value and the CCA threshold minimum value is determined as the CCA threshold.
  • the correspondence between the sending power level and the channel access parameter includes:
  • the transmission power level is divided into two levels: a high power level greater than a threshold and a low power level lower than a threshold;
  • the channel access parameter corresponding to the high power level includes: a parameter indicating a fixed CCA threshold;
  • the channel access parameter corresponding to the low power level includes the following parameters: a radio frame received power upper limit value, an CCA threshold boundary value, and a CCA threshold minimum value sent by the access point.
  • the corresponding relationship between the transmission power level (in two levels) and the channel access parameter is as shown in Table 1.
  • the channel access parameter corresponding to the low power level includes the following parameters: the Beacon frame receiving power upper limit value ( Upper limit), CCA threshold value (Margin), and CCA threshold minimum value (Lower limit);
  • the channel access parameters corresponding to the high power level include the following parameters: parameters indicating a fixed CCA threshold.
  • the correspondence between the sending power level and the channel access parameter includes:
  • the transmission power is divided into N numerical intervals, and each numerical interval corresponds to one level;
  • the channel access parameter corresponding to the level of the transmit power exceeding the threshold includes: a parameter indicating a fixed CCA threshold;
  • the channel access parameter corresponding to the level at which the transmit power does not exceed the threshold includes the following parameters: a radio frame receive power upper limit value sent by the access point corresponding to the transmit power level, and a CCA threshold boundary value corresponding to the transmit power level And the lowest CCA threshold value corresponding to the transmission power level.
  • the corresponding relationship between the transmission power level (divided into four levels) and the channel access parameter is as shown in Table 2, wherein the channel access parameter corresponding to any level other than the level with the highest transmission power includes the following parameters. :Beacon frame receiving power upper limit (Upper limit), CCA threshold boundary value (Margin), CCA threshold minimum value (Lower limit); the channel access parameter corresponding to the highest transmission power level includes: indicating a fixed CCA threshold value parameter.
  • Measuring the channel before transmitting the data including: measuring multiple channels before transmitting the data;
  • the method further includes:
  • transmission power allocation is performed between the channels.
  • the determining, according to the channel measurement result, the correspondence between the transmission power level and the channel access parameter, the CCA threshold, and determining whether the channel state is idle according to the CCA threshold including:
  • the transmission power and the CCA threshold of the device for the contention channel are determined according to the multiplexing parameter information monitored from the channel, the strength of the signal being transmitted on the channel, and the corresponding relationship between the power level set by the system and the CCA threshold.
  • the transmission power and the CCA threshold of the device for the contention channel are determined according to the multiplexing parameter information monitored from the channel, the strength of the signal being transmitted on the channel, and the corresponding relationship between the power level set by the system and the CCA threshold. include:
  • a signal frame that carries the multiplexing parameter information, where the multiplexing parameter information includes: an address of a receiver occupying the channel, a sending power of the receiver, and an interference threshold of the receiver;
  • a candidate transmit power level and a CCA threshold according to the determined maximum transmit power Pmax of the device, the corresponding relationship between the system-set power level and the CCA threshold, and the received power of the signal being transmitted on the channel received by the device. And if at least one set of candidate transmit power levels that do not exceed the maximum transmit power Pmax can be selected, and the CCA threshold corresponding to the candidate transmit power level enables the device to determine that the state of the channel is idle,
  • the candidate transmit power level and the CCA threshold are used as the transmit power level and the CCA threshold of the device for the contention channel, and the transmit power of the device is determined according to the transmit power level used for the contention channel.
  • the multiplexing parameter information is carried in a physical layer frame header or a medium access control (MAC) layer frame header of the signal frame.
  • MAC medium access control
  • the determining, according to the monitored multiplexing parameter information, the maximum transmit power Pmax that does not interfere with the receiver that has occupied the channel after the multiplex channel is used by the device includes:
  • the determining the path loss L between the device and the receiver device that has occupied the channel includes:
  • the device receives the transmission response frame CTS for confirming channel multiplexing transmission sent by the receiver device that has occupied the channel, according to the receiver sending power obtained from the multiplexing parameter information of the CTS frame
  • the determining the path loss L between the device and the receiver device that has occupied the channel includes:
  • the device receives the transmission request frame RTS for requesting channel multiplexing transmission sent by the sender device that has occupied the channel, and does not receive the acknowledgement channel sent by the receiver device that has occupied the channel
  • the multiplexed transmission response frame CTS is used to query the path loss history of the device. If the history record corresponding to the receiver device is queried, the queried path loss history value l is used as the device and the occupied device. Path loss between receiver devices of the channel Consumption L;
  • the signal frame is a CTS frame or other data frame.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a channel detecting apparatus, which is applied to a wireless local area network device, and includes:
  • the measurement module is configured to: measure the channel before transmitting the data;
  • the CCA threshold determining module is configured to: determine a clear channel estimation (CCA) threshold according to a channel measurement result, a correspondence between a transmission power level and a channel access parameter, and determine, according to the CCA threshold, whether the channel state is idle.
  • CCA clear channel estimation
  • the CCA threshold determination module is set to:
  • Whether the channel state is idle according to the CCA threshold is determined.
  • the CCA threshold determining module is further configured to: after determining that the channel state is busy according to the CCA threshold, adjusting a desired transmit power level; determining a corresponding channel access parameter according to the adjusted transmit power level after the adjustment; The channel access parameter and the channel measurement result recalculate the CCA threshold; and determine whether the channel state is idle according to the recalculated CCA threshold.
  • the CCA threshold determination module is set to:
  • the channel access parameter includes one or more of the following parameters: a radio frame receiving power upper limit value sent by the access point, a CCA threshold boundary value, a CCA threshold minimum value, and a parameter indicating a fixed CCA threshold value.
  • the channel measurement result includes: a received power of a signal being transmitted received on a channel on which the device is to transmit data, and a received power of the received wireless frame transmitted by the access point.
  • the CCA threshold determination module calculates a CCA threshold according to channel access parameters and channel measurement results in the following manner:
  • the smaller one of the radio frame reception power upper limit value sent by the access point and the reception power of the radio frame transmitted by the access point received by the device is determined as the effective reception power
  • the larger of the CCA threshold temporary value and the CCA threshold minimum value is determined as the CCA threshold.
  • the correspondence between the sending power level and the channel access parameter includes:
  • the transmission power is divided into N numerical intervals, and each numerical interval corresponds to one level;
  • the channel access parameter corresponding to the level of the transmit power exceeding the threshold includes: a parameter indicating a fixed CCA threshold;
  • the channel access parameter corresponding to the level at which the transmit power does not exceed the threshold includes the following parameters: a radio frame receive power upper limit value sent by the access point corresponding to the transmit power level, and a CCA threshold boundary value corresponding to the transmit power level The lowest value of the CCA threshold corresponding to the transmission power level.
  • the measurement module is configured to: measure multiple channels before transmitting data
  • the CCA threshold determining module is configured to determine, according to the measurement result of the channel, the correspondence between the transmission power level and the channel access parameter, the CCA threshold corresponding to the channel, and determine whether the channel state is determined according to the CCA threshold. idle;
  • the device also includes:
  • the power allocation module is configured to: after determining the CCA threshold corresponding to each channel, perform transmission power allocation between the channels.
  • the CCA threshold determination module is set to:
  • the transmission power and the CCA threshold of the device for the contention channel are determined according to the multiplexing parameter information monitored from the channel, the strength of the signal being transmitted on the channel, and the corresponding relationship between the power level set by the system and the CCA threshold.
  • the CCA threshold determination module is set to:
  • a signal frame that carries the multiplexing parameter information, where the multiplexing parameter information includes: an address of a receiver occupying the channel, a sending power of the receiver, and an interference threshold of the receiver;
  • a candidate transmit power level and a CCA threshold according to the determined maximum transmit power Pmax of the device, the corresponding relationship between the system-set power level and the CCA threshold, and the received power of the signal being transmitted on the channel received by the device. And if at least one set of candidate transmit power levels that do not exceed the maximum transmit power Pmax can be selected, and the CCA threshold corresponding to the candidate transmit power level enables the device to determine that the state of the channel is idle,
  • the candidate transmit power level and the CCA threshold are used as the transmit power level and the CCA threshold of the device for the contention channel, and the transmit power of the device is determined according to the transmit power level used for the contention channel.
  • the multiplexing parameter information is carried in a physical layer frame header or a medium access control (MAC) layer frame header of the signal frame.
  • MAC medium access control
  • the CCA threshold determining module determines, according to the monitored multiplexing parameter information, the maximum sending power Pmax that does not interfere with the receiver that has occupied the channel after the device multiplexes the channel:
  • the CCA threshold determination module determines the path loss L between the device and the receiver device that has occupied the channel by:
  • the device receives the transmission response frame CTS for confirming channel multiplexing transmission sent by the receiver device that has occupied the channel, according to the receiver sending power obtained from the multiplexing parameter information of the CTS frame
  • the CCA threshold determination module determines the path loss L between the device and the receiver device that has occupied the channel by:
  • the device receives the transmission request frame RTS for requesting channel multiplexing transmission sent by the sender device that has occupied the channel, and does not receive the acknowledgement channel sent by the receiver device that has occupied the channel
  • the multiplexed transmission response frame CTS is used to query the path loss history of the device. If the history record corresponding to the receiver device is queried, the queried path loss history value l is used as the device and the occupied device. Path loss L between receiver devices of the channel;
  • the signal frame is a CTS frame or other data frame.
  • the transmission power of a typical WLAN terminal device has a certain difference.
  • the transmission power of a mobile phone is generally less than 11 dBm;
  • the transmission power of a tablet computer is about 11 dBm to 14 dBm;
  • the transmission power of a VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) terminal is about It is 11dBm ⁇ 16dBm;
  • the transmission power of notebook computer is about 17dBm ⁇ 20dBm.
  • This example mainly describes a corresponding method of sending power level and channel access parameter set, and how the station finds the corresponding channel access parameter set according to the transmission power level, and calculates the CCA threshold using the channel access parameter set, and the process of competing for the channel. .
  • devices with a transmit power greater than or equal to 15dBm will A fixed CCA threshold of -82dBm is used; a device with a transmit power of less than 15dBm corresponds to a set of channel access parameters, that is, the low power device can dynamically adjust the CCA threshold according to the channel access parameter set and the channel detection result. value.
  • Site A is a laptop device with a transmit power of 17 dBm.
  • the station A receives the correspondence between the transmission power level and the channel access parameter set shown in Table 1 in the Beacon frame broadcast by the AP. According to the correspondence, station A belongs to a high-power device, and a fixed value should be used as the CCA threshold, that is, -82 dBm as the CCA threshold.
  • Site B is a smartphone device with a transmit power of 11 dBm.
  • the station B receives the correspondence between the transmission power level and the channel access parameter set shown in Table 1 in the Beacon frame broadcast by the AP.
  • the site B belongs to a low-power device, and the dynamic CCA threshold technology can be used.
  • the corresponding channel access parameters are: Upper limit: -40 dBm, Margin: 20 dB, and Lower limit: -82 dBm.
  • Site B can dynamically calculate the CCA threshold based on the parameters and channel detection results specified in the channel access parameter set.
  • the upper limit of the Beacon frame receiving power (Upper Limit) and the received power RSS of the Beacon frame received by the device the smaller of the two is determined as the effective receiving power effR;
  • a CCA threshold temporary value is obtained by subtracting the CCA threshold boundary value (Margin) from the effective received power effR;
  • the larger of the CCA threshold temporary value and the CCA threshold lower limit is determined as the CCA threshold
  • station B when station B has data to send, use -60dBm as the CCA threshold to contend for the access channel.
  • This example mainly describes another method of corresponding transmission power level and channel access parameter set, and how the station finds the corresponding channel access parameter set according to the transmission power level, and calculates the CCA threshold using the channel access parameter set, and the contention channel. the process of.
  • the transmit power is divided into four levels, each of which corresponds to a different set of channel access parameters.
  • the correspondence is as shown in Table 2 above.
  • Site A is a tablet device with a transmit power of 13 dBm.
  • the AP associates with the AP, it receives the association response frame of the AP, and indicates the correspondence between the transmission power level and the channel access parameter set shown in Table 2 above.
  • the site B uses parameters: Upper limit: -40 dBm, Margin: 25 dB, and Lower limit: -82 dBm;
  • the CCA threshold is calculated to be -65 dBm.
  • This example mainly describes how the power tunable site selects the appropriate transmit power to send data.
  • the correspondence between the used transmit power level and the channel access parameter set is as shown in Table 2 above.
  • Site A is a power-adjustable notebook device with a transmit power range of 13 to 20 dBm.
  • the site A receives the association response frame of the AP, and indicates the correspondence between the transmission power level and the channel access parameter set shown in Table 2 above.
  • the site A can use two sets of parameter sets: parameter set 1: the transmission power T is greater than 11 dBm and less than or equal to 15 dBm, and the corresponding access parameters are: Upper limit: -40 dBm, Margin: 25 dB, Lower Limit: -82dBm; parameter set 2: The corresponding access parameters in the range of the transmission power T in the range of more than 15 dBm and less than or equal to 20 dBm are: Upper limit: -40 dBm, Margin: 35 dB, and Lower limit: -82 dBm.
  • the calculated CCA threshold is: -70 dBm
  • the CCA threshold is calculated to be: -80 dBm;
  • Site A monitors that the channel is occupied by other sites, and the signal strength to Site A is -77 dBm. If -80dBm is used as the CCA detection threshold, since the received signal received power is greater than the CCA detection threshold, station A determines that the channel is busy and waits for the retreat. If station A selects -70dBm as the CCA detection threshold, since the received signal received power is less than the CCA detection threshold, it is judged that the channel is idle, and the channel can be contending. According to the correspondence between the transmission power level and the channel access parameter set, the transmission of the station A is performed. The power cannot be higher than 15dBm. To ensure that the receiver correctly receives the data, Site A finally selects 15 dBm of power to transmit data.
  • This example primarily describes the process by which a station transmits data using different transmit power levels on different channels.
  • the correspondence between the used transmit power level and the channel access parameter set is as shown in Table 2 above.
  • Site A is a laptop device with a transmit power range of 13-20 dBm.
  • Site A can use two sets of parameter sets: Parameter Set 1: The transmission access T is greater than 11 dBm and less than or equal to 15 dBm.
  • the corresponding access parameters are: Upper limit: -40 dBm, Margin: 25dB, Lower limit: -82dBm;
  • Parameter set 2 The corresponding access parameters in the range of the transmission power T greater than 15dBm and less than or equal to 20dBm are: Upper limit: -40dBm, Margin: 35dB, Lower limit: -82dBm.
  • the calculated CCA threshold is: -68dBm
  • parameter set 2 Using the method of calculating the CCA threshold in Example 1, the CCA threshold is calculated to be -78 dBm;
  • station A has data to be sent, and it has an interference signal with an intensity of -70dBm on channel 1. If station A selects -68dBm as the threshold, it judges that the channel is idle, competing for the access channel, and connecting to the channel according to the transmission power level. For the correspondence of the parameter sets, the transmission power of station A on channel 1 uses 14 dBm.
  • PIFS Point Inter-Frame Space
  • station A In a period of time before transmission, such as PIFS (Point Inter-Frame Space) duration, if station A detects that channels 2 and 3 are idle, station A performs power allocation, and removes transmission on channel 1 from the maximum transmission power of 20 dBm. After 14 dBm of power, data can also be transmitted on channel 2 using a transmission power of 14 dBm, and data is transmitted on channel 3 using a transmission power of 17 dBm.
  • PIFS Point Inter-Frame Space
  • This example mainly describes another method of corresponding transmission power level and channel access parameter set, and how the station finds the corresponding channel access parameter set according to the transmission power level, and calculates the CCA threshold using the channel access parameter set, and the contention channel. the process of.
  • the transmit power is divided into four levels, each of which specifies the maximum transmit power value that can be used, and the corresponding set of channel access parameters.
  • the correspondence is shown in Table 3 below.
  • Site A is a power-adjustable notebook device with a transmit power range of 13 to 20 dBm.
  • the site A receives the association response frame of the AP, and indicates the correspondence between the transmission power level and the channel access parameter set shown in Table 3 above.
  • the site A can use two sets of parameter sets: parameter set 1: the corresponding access parameters in the range of the transmit power T less than or equal to 15 dBm are: Upper limit: -40 dBm, Margin: 25 dB, Lower limit: -82 dBm Parameter set 2: The corresponding access parameters in the range where the transmission power T is less than or equal to 20 dBm are: Upper limit: -40 dBm, Margin: 35 dB, and Lower limit: -82 dBm.
  • parameter set 1 Using parameter set 1: Using the method of calculating the CCA threshold in Example 1, the CCA threshold is calculated to be -65 dBm;
  • the CCA threshold is calculated to be: -75 dBm;
  • Site A monitors that the channel is occupied by other sites, and the signal strength to Site A is -77 dBm.
  • Site A uses both CCA thresholds to determine that the channel is idle.
  • the transmission power of the station A is not required to be higher than 20 dBm. In order not to cause excessive interference to other devices, station A selects 13 dBm of power to transmit data.
  • This example mainly describes that when a station contends for a channel, it estimates the impact of the multiplexed transmission of the local station on the current transmission according to the multiplexing parameter information carried by the signal being transmitted on the channel, and determines the transmission power and the CCA threshold according to the impact.
  • Site A is a power-adjustable notebook device with a transmit power range of 13 to 20 dBm.
  • the A receives the association response of the AP, and the association response carries the correspondence between the transmission power level of the station and the reference CCA threshold.
  • the correspondence between the transmit power level and the reference CCA threshold may also be predefined by the system.
  • Table 4 below is an example of the correspondence between the station transmission power level and the reference CCA threshold.
  • Site A listens to the channel, and receives the transmission request frame from Site B to Site C: RTS (Request To Send) frame, and Site C replies to Site B's Transmission Confirmation Frame: CTS (Clear To Send) frame.
  • Site A receives only one of the RTS or CTS. By parsing the RTS and/or CTS frames, Site A knows that Site B will send data to Site C within the RTS/CTS subscription time. Site A attempts to reuse this time to transfer data to Site D.
  • Site A extracts multiplexing parameter information from a physical layer header or a MAC (Media Access Control) layer header of the RTS and/or CTS frame, where the multiplexing parameter information includes The sender address (address of station B), the address of the receiver (the address of station C), the sender transmission power (the transmission power Pb of station B), and the transmission power of the receiver (the transmission power of station C) ), the receiver's interference threshold (site C's interference threshold I) and other information.
  • the multiplexing parameter information includes The sender address (address of station B), the address of the receiver (the address of station C), the sender transmission power (the transmission power Pb of station B), and the transmission power of the receiver (the transmission power of station C) ), the receiver's interference threshold (site C's interference threshold I) and other information.
  • the station may calculate a path loss between the device and the other device when receiving the signal frame sent by the other device, and generate a record for saving; the path loss is the sending power of the other device minus the device. Receiving a difference obtained by receiving power of the signal frame;
  • the signal frame is a CTS frame or other data frame
  • the path loss L between station A and station C is 85 dBm
  • the interference threshold I of station C is -67 dBm
  • the corresponding relationship between the transmit power level of the station and the reference CCA threshold is queried.
  • the transmit power T that the station A can select can be selected. Is 11 ⁇ T ⁇ 15 dBm, or 15 ⁇ T ⁇ 20 dBm;
  • the reference CCA threshold corresponding to the transmission power level is -70dBm, and it is determined that the current channel is idle when the signal strength of the currently transmitting signal reaches the station A is -73dBm. ;
  • the reference CCA threshold corresponding to the transmission power level is -75dBm, and it is determined that the current channel is busy if the signal strength of the currently transmitting signal arrives at station A is -73dBm. ;
  • station A selects a CCA threshold that is beneficial to the contention channel of the station, that is, the final CCA threshold determined by station A can determine that the current channel is idle, that is, station A selects the CCA gate.
  • the limit is -70 dBm.
  • the level of the transmission power corresponding to the station A is 11 ⁇ T ⁇ 15 dBm.
  • the station A finally selects the transmission power to be 15 dBm, competing for the access channel.
  • the channel detection method and device provided by the foregoing embodiment establish a correspondence between a transmission power level and a channel access parameter, and the device can send the received power of the radio frame and the transmission power level and the channel according to the received access point.
  • the correspondence between the access parameters determines the CCA threshold used by the device when contending for the channel, or the multiplex parameter information that the device can listen to on the channel, the strength of the signal being transmitted on the channel, and the power level specified by the system.
  • the correspondence with the CCA threshold determines the CCA threshold used for the transmission power and the contention channel, thereby effectively reducing the interference caused by the high-power device while improving the network utilization, and ensuring the fairness of the multiplex transmission.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, which are implemented when the computer executable instructions are executed.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a channel detection method and device, which can effectively reduce the interference caused by high-power devices while improving the network utilization rate, and ensure the fairness of the multiplexing transmission.

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Abstract

一种信道检测方法，应用于无线局域网设备，包括：在发送数据前对信道进行测量；根据信道测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定空闲信道估计CCA门限，根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲。上述方法能够在提高网络利用率的同时有效降低大功率设备引起的干扰，并保证复用传输的公平性。本申请还公开了一种信道检测装置。

Description

一种信道检测方法和装置 技术领域
本申请涉及但不限于无线通信技术领域，尤其涉及的是一种信道检测方法和装置。
背景技术
目前，使用WLAN(Wireless Local Area Networks，无线局域网)进行数据通信已经十分普遍，全球对WLAN覆盖需求日益增长。电气和电子工程师协会工业规范IEEE802.11组先后定义了802.11a/b/g/n/ac等一系列标准来满足不断增长的通信需求。
如图1所示，在常见的WLAN网络中，可以由一个接入点(Access Point，简称AP)以及与之相关联的多个站点(Station，简称STA)组成一个基本服务集(Basic Service Set，简称BSS)。目前802.11支持两种判定信道空闲的方法，分别为物理载波检测和虚拟载波检测。物理载波检测是指空闲信道估计(Clear Channel Assessment，CCA)信道检测技术，关联站点通过对媒介上的信号强度进行检测，判定信道是忙碌还是空闲。在一个基本带宽，比如，20MHz信道上，当判断收到的信号是一个802.11信号且强度大于-82dBm时，则认为此信道繁忙。而虚拟载波检测，是指除了通信双方之外的第三方关联站点，当收到接收地址不是自己的无线帧时，根据帧中的传输时间指示，设置本地的信道保护预约时间。帧中的传输时间可以是本地网络分配矢量(NAV，Network Allocation Vector)的值，或为BSS响应指示延迟计时器(BSS Response Indication Delay counter，简称BSS RID counter)的值。当NAV的值或BSS响应指示延迟计时器的值不为零时，认为信道繁忙，不进行竞争发送。只有当物理载波检测和虚拟载波检测都判定信道空闲，关联站点才能够进行竞争接入信道发送。
一直以来，CCA信道检测技术都使用固定的门限值作为判断信道忙闲的标准，这在某些场景中，减少了信道的接入机会。例如，如图2所示，站点1和站点2分别是两个发送站点，彼此能听到对方的信号，且接收功率都大 于CCA检测门限(-82dBm)，使用固定的门限值判断忙闲时，当站点1给站点3发送数据时，该传输到达站点2的信号接收强度大于了站点2的CCA检测门限(-82dBm)，所以站点2判断信道繁忙，退避等待。同理，当站点2给站点4发送数据时，站点1也只能退避等待。这样，每个时刻，只能有一对站点进行通信。但事实上，站点1给站点3发送数据并不影响站点2给站点4发送数据，显然，过低且固定的CCA检测门限值，减少了发送站点的发送机会，导致网络利用率低下。
动态灵敏度控制(Dynamic Sensitivity Control，简称DSC)技术通过动态、灵活配置CCA门限能够提高信道复用率，比如，适时、适当地提高CCA检测门限值可以提升发送机会。但是，在实际环境中，发送站点的发送功率各不相同，发送站点间的功率不对等会引起覆盖范围不对称，这将导致大功率设备在使用DSC技术调整CCA门限时，对小功率设备造成干扰，或者引起竞争不公平现象。如图3所示，站点1和站点2是发送站点，且站点2的发送功率小于站点1。当站点2给站点4发送数据时，信号到达站点1的功率略高于-82dBm，此时，由于站点1使用了DSC技术提升了CCA门限，站点1判定信道空闲，因此复用信道对站点3发送数据，由于站点1功率过大，传输过程对站点4的接收(接收站点2的数据)造成了严重的干扰，导致站点4接收(接收站点2的数据)失败，这就是大功率设备引起的干扰问题。同样，在竞争信道时，站点1监听到站点2的信号强度较低，可以使用DSC技术提高CCA门限，复用信道给站点3发送数据，但站点2监听到站点1的信号强度较高，超出了动态调整CCA的范围，所以站点2不能复用信道进行数据发送，这就是大功率设备引起的竞争不公平问题。在相关技术中，对如何解决这种发送功率不对等造成的干扰、不公平问题，尚无有效解决方案。
发明内容
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。
本发明实施例提供一种信道检测方法和装置，能够在提高网络利用率的同时有效降低大功率设备引起的干扰，并保证复用传输的公平性。
本发明实施例提供了一种信道检测方法，应用于无线局域网设备，包括：
在发送数据前对信道进行测量；
根据信道测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定空闲信道估计(CCA)门限，根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲。
可选地，所述根据信道测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定空闲信道估计(CCA)门限，根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲，包括：
根据期望使用的发送功率等级确定对应的信道接入参数；
根据信道接入参数和信道测量结果计算CCA门限；
根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲。
可选地，当根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态为忙后，该方法还包括：
调整期望使用的发送功率等级；
根据调整后期望使用的发送功率等级确定对应的信道接入参数；
根据信道接入参数和信道测量结果重新计算CCA门限；
根据重新计算获得的CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲。
可选地，所述根据信道测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定空闲信道估计(CCA)门限，根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲，包括：
选择一组或多组信道接入参数作为候选信道接入参数；
对每一组候选信道接入参数，根据所述候选信道接入参数和信道测量结果计算对应的候选CCA门限，根据所述候选CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲；
对所有候选信道接入参数进行筛选，筛选出将信道状态判断为空闲的候选信道接入参数，作为最终的信道接入参数；
根据所述最终的信道接入参数确定所述信道对应的发送功率等级。
可选地，所述信道接入参数包括以下参数的一种或多种：接入点发送的无线帧接收功率上限值、CCA门限边界值、CCA门限最低值、指示固定CCA 门限值的参数。
可选地，所述信道测量结果包括：在本设备要发送数据的信道上接收到的正在进行传输的信号的接收功率、和接收到的接入点发送的无线帧的接收功率。
可选地，所述根据信道接入参数和信道测量结果计算CCA门限，包括：
在使用动态CCA门限时，将接入点发送的无线帧接收功率上限值和本设备接收到的接入点发送的无线帧的接收功率二者中的较小者确定为有效接收功率；
从所述有效接收功率中减去CCA门限边界值获得CCA门限临时值；
将所述CCA门限临时值与CCA门限最低值二者中的较大者确定为CCA门限。
可选地，所述发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系，包括：
发送功率分为N个数值区间，每一个数值区间对应于一个等级；
发送功率超过阈值的等级对应的所述信道接入参数包括：指示固定CCA门限值的参数；
发送功率未超过阈值的等级对应的所述信道接入参数包括以下参数：与该发送功率等级对应的接入点发送的无线帧接收功率上限值、与该发送功率等级对应的CCA门限边界值、和与该发送功率等级对应的CCA门限最低值。
可选地，
所述在发送数据前对信道进行测量，包括：在发送数据前对多个信道进行测量；
所述根据信道测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定空闲信道估计(CCA)门限，根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲，包括：对每一个信道，根据该信道的测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定该信道对应的CCA门限，根据所述CCA门限判断该信道状态是否空闲；
所述方法还包括：
在确定每一个信道对应的CCA门限后，在信道之间进行发送功率分配。
可选地，所述根据信道测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定空闲信道估计(CCA)门限，根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲，包括：
根据从信道上监听到的复用参数信息、信道上正在传输的信号的强度、系统设定的功率等级与CCA门限的对应关系，确定本设备用于竞争信道的发送功率和CCA门限。
可选地，所述根据从信道上监听到的复用参数信息、信道上正在传输的信号的强度、系统设定的功率等级与CCA门限的对应关系，确定本设备用于竞争信道的发送功率和CCA门限，包括：
在信道上监听携带复用参数信息的信号帧；其中，所述复用参数信息包括：占用信道的接收方的地址、所述接收方的发送功率和所述接收方的干扰门限；
根据监听到的复用参数信息确定本设备复用信道后不对已经占用所述信道的接收方造成干扰的最大发送功率Pmax；
根据确定出的本设备的最大发送功率Pmax、系统设定的功率等级与CCA门限的对应关系以及本设备接收到的所述信道上正在传输的信号的接收功率，选择候选发送功率等级和CCA门限，如果至少能够选择出一组不超过所述最大发送功率Pmax的候选发送功率等级，且所述候选发送功率等级对应的CCA门限能够使得本设备判断所述信道的状态为空闲，则将所述候选发送功率等级和CCA门限作为本设备用于竞争信道的发送功率等级和CCA门限，根据所述用于竞争信道的发送功率等级确定本设备的发送功率。
可选地，所述根据监听到的复用参数信息确定本设备复用信道后不对已经占用所述信道的接收方造成干扰的最大发送功率Pmax，包括：
确定本设备与已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L；
根据所述路径损耗L和所述接收方设备的干扰门限I，确定本设备复用信道后不对已经占用所述信道的接收方造成干扰的最大发送功率Pmax，Pmax＝I+L。
可选地，所述确定本设备与已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L，包括：
若本设备接收到所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备发送的用于确认信道复用传输的传输响应帧CTS，则根据从所述CTS帧的复用参数信息中获取的接收方发送功率Pt和本设备接收所述CTS帧的接收功率Pr确定本设备与所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L，L＝Pt-Pr。
可选地，所述确定本设备与已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L，包括：
若本设备接收到已经占用所述信道的发送方设备发送的用于请求信道复用传输的传输请求帧RTS，且未接收到所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备发送的用于确认信道复用传输的传输响应帧CTS，则查询本设备的路径损耗历史记录，若查询到所述接收方设备对应的历史记录，则将查询到的路径损耗历史值l作为本设备与所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L；
其中，所述路径损耗历史记录中的路径损耗值l在本设备接收到其他设备发送的信号帧时，根据所述其他设备的发送功率Pt和本设备接收所述信号帧的接收功率Pr进行确定，l＝Pt-Pr；
其中，所述信号帧为CTS帧或其他数据帧。
可选地，所述复用参数信息携带在信号帧的物理层帧头或媒体访问控制(MAC)层帧头中。
本发明实施例提供了一种信道检测装置，应用于无线局域网设备，包括：
测量模块，设置为：在发送数据前对信道进行测量；
CCA门限确定模块，设置为：根据信道测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定CCA门限，根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲。
可选地，所述CCA门限确定模块，是设置为：
根据期望使用的发送功率等级确定对应的信道接入参数；
根据信道接入参数和信道测量结果计算CCA门限；
根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲。
可选地，所述CCA门限确定模块，还设置为：当根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态为忙后，调整期望使用的发送功率等级；根据调整后期望使用的发送功率等级确定对应的信道接入参数；根据信道接入参数和信道测量结果重新计算CCA门限；根据重新计算获得的CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲。
可选地，所述CCA门限确定模块，是设置为：
选择一组或多组信道接入参数作为候选信道接入参数；
对每一组候选信道接入参数，根据所述候选信道接入参数和信道测量结果计算对应的候选CCA门限，根据所述候选CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲；
对所有候选信道接入参数进行筛选，筛选出将信道状态判断为空闲的候选信道接入参数，作为最终的信道接入参数；
根据所述最终的信道接入参数确定所述信道对应的发送功率等级。
可选地，所述信道接入参数包括以下参数的一种或多种：接入点发送的无线帧接收功率上限值、CCA门限边界值、CCA门限最低值、指示固定CCA门限值的参数。
可选地，所述信道测量结果包括：在本设备要发送数据的信道上接收到的正在进行传输的信号的接收功率、和接收到的接入点发送的无线帧的接收功率。
可选地，所述CCA门限确定模块通过以下方式根据信道接入参数和信道测量结果计算CCA门限：
在使用动态CCA门限时，将接入点发送的无线帧接收功率上限值和本设备接收到的接入点发送的无线帧的接收功率二者中的较小者确定为有效接收功率；
从所述有效接收功率中减去CCA门限边界值获得CCA门限临时值；
将所述CCA门限临时值与CCA门限最低值二者中的较大者确定为CCA门限。
可选地，所述发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系，包括：
发送功率分为N个数值区间，每一个数值区间对应于一个等级；
发送功率超过阈值的等级对应的所述信道接入参数包括：指示固定CCA门限值的参数；
发送功率未超过阈值的等级对应的所述信道接入参数包括以下参数：与该发送功率等级对应的接入点发送的无线帧接收功率上限值、与该发送功率等级对应的CCA门限边界值、和与该发送功率等级对应的CCA门限最低值。
可选地，
所述测量模块，是设置为：在发送数据前对多个信道进行测量；
所述CCA门限确定模块，是设置为：对每一个信道，根据该信道的测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定该信道对应的CCA门限，根据所述CCA门限判断该信道状态是否空闲；
所述装置还包括：
功率分配模块，设置为：在确定每一个信道对应的CCA门限后，在信道之间进行发送功率分配。
可选地，所述CCA门限确定模块，是设置为：
根据从信道上监听到的复用参数信息、信道上正在传输的信号的强度、系统设定的功率等级与CCA门限的对应关系，确定本设备用于竞争信道的发送功率和CCA门限。
可选地，所述CCA门限确定模块，是设置为：
在信道上监听携带复用参数信息的信号帧；其中，所述复用参数信息包括：占用信道的接收方的地址、所述接收方的发送功率和所述接收方的干扰门限；
根据监听到的复用参数信息确定本设备复用信道后不对已经占用所述信道的接收方造成干扰的最大发送功率Pmax；
根据确定出的本设备的最大发送功率Pmax、系统设定的功率等级与CCA门限的对应关系以及本设备接收到的所述信道上正在传输的信号的接收功 率，选择候选发送功率等级和CCA门限，如果至少能够选择出一组不超过所述最大发送功率Pmax的候选发送功率等级，且所述候选发送功率等级对应的CCA门限能够使得本设备判断所述信道的状态为空闲，则将所述候选发送功率等级和CCA门限作为本设备用于竞争信道的发送功率等级和CCA门限，根据所述用于竞争信道的发送功率等级确定本设备的发送功率。
可选地，所述CCA门限确定模块通过以下方式根据监听到的复用参数信息确定本设备复用信道后不对已经占用所述信道的接收方造成干扰的最大发送功率Pmax：
确定本设备与已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L；
根据所述路径损耗L和所述接收方设备的干扰门限I，确定本设备复用信道后不对已经占用所述信道的接收方造成干扰的最大发送功率Pmax，Pmax＝I+L。
可选地，所述CCA门限确定模块通过以下方式确定本设备与已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L：
若本设备接收到所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备发送的用于确认信道复用传输的传输响应帧CTS，则根据从所述CTS帧的复用参数信息中获取的接收方发送功率Pt和本设备接收所述CTS帧的接收功率Pr确定本设备与所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L，L＝Pt-Pr。
可选地，所述CCA门限确定模块通过以下方式确定本设备与已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L：
若本设备接收到已经占用所述信道的发送方设备发送的用于请求信道复用传输的传输请求帧RTS，且未接收到所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备发送的用于确认信道复用传输的传输响应帧CTS，则查询本设备的路径损耗历史记录，若查询到所述接收方设备对应的历史记录，则将查询到的路径损耗历史值l作为本设备与所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L；
其中，所述路径损耗历史记录中的路径损耗值l在本设备接收到其他设备发送的信号帧时，根据所述其他设备的发送功率Pt和本设备接收所述信号 帧的接收功率Pr进行确定，l＝Pt-Pr；
其中，所述信号帧为CTS帧或其他数据帧。
可选地，所述复用参数信息携带在信号帧的物理层帧头或媒体访问控制(MAC)层帧头中。
此外，本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现所述信道检测方法。
与现有技术相比，本发明实施例提供的一种信道检测方法和装置，建立了发送功率等级与信道接入参数之间的对应关系，设备可以根据接收到的接入点发送无线帧的接收功率以及发送功率等级与信道接入参数之间的对应关系确定本设备在竞争信道时使用的CCA门限，或者，设备可以根据从信道上监听到的复用参数信息、信道上正在传输的信号的强度、系统指定的功率等级与CCA门限的对应关系确定发送功率和竞争信道时使用的CCA门限，从而在提高网络利用率的同时有效降低大功率设备引起的干扰，并保证复用传输的公平性。
在阅读并理解了附图和详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。
附图概述
图1为现有技术中无线局域网基本服务集示意图；
图2为现有技术中动态配置CCA门限的示意图；
图3为现有技术中动态配置CCA门限时发送功率不对等造成干扰和竞争不公的示意图；
图4为本发明实施例的信道检测方法的流程图；
图5为本发明实施例的信道检测装置的结构示意图；
图6为本发明应用示例四中在不同信道上使用不同的发送功率发送数据的示意图。
本发明的实施方式
下文中将结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
如图4所示，本发明实施例提供了一种信道检测方法，应用于无线局域网设备，包括：
步骤S10，在发送数据前对信道进行测量；
步骤S20，根据信道测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定空闲信道估计(CCA)门限，根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲。
其中，所述信道状态包括：信道空闲或信道忙。
其中，所述无线局域网设备为接入点(AP)或站点(STA)。
其中，在发送数据前对信道进行测量所获得的信道测量结果可以包括以下一种或多种信息：
在本设备要发送数据的信道上接收到的正在进行传输的信号的接收功率、和接收到的接入点发送的无线帧的接收功率；
其中，所述无线帧可以是管理帧、控制帧或其他能够被站点接收的无线帧；
其中，接入点发送的管理帧可以是：接入点发送的Beacon帧。
其中，在发送数据前对信道进行测量所获得的信道测量结果还可以包括以下一种或多种信息：
本设备要发送数据的信道上正在进行的传输所占用的带宽、本设备要发送数据的信道上正在进行的传输所属的基本服务集(BSS)信息、本设备要发送数据的信道上正在进行的传输的发送方地址和/或接收方地址、本设备要发送数据的信道上正在进行的传输的持续时长。
其中，根据信道测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定空闲信道估计(CCA)门限，根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲，包括：
根据期望使用的发送功率等级确定对应的信道接入参数；
根据信道接入参数和信道测量结果计算CCA门限；
根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲。
其中，当根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态为忙后，该方法还包括：
调整期望使用的发送功率等级；
根据调整后期望使用的发送功率等级确定对应的信道接入参数；
根据信道接入参数和信道测量结果重新计算CCA门限；
根据重新计算获得的CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲。
其中，根据信道测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定空闲信道估计(CCA)门限，根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲，包括：
选择一组或多组信道接入参数作为候选信道接入参数；
对每一组候选信道接入参数，根据所述候选信道接入参数和信道测量结果计算对应的候选CCA门限，根据所述候选CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲；
对所有候选信道接入参数进行筛选，筛选出将信道状态判断为空闲的候选信道接入参数，作为最终的信道接入参数；
根据所述最终的信道接入参数确定所述信道对应的发送功率等级。
其中，所述发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系是预定义的或由网络通知给所述设备的。
其中，网络将所述发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系通知给所述设备，包括：
接入点(AP)通过广播或单播的方式将所述发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系通知给本AP所在的基本服务集(BSS)内的站点(STA)。
其中，所述信道接入参数包括以下参数的一种或多种：接入点发送的无线帧接收功率上限值、CCA门限边界值、CCA门限最低值、指示固定CCA门限值的参数；
其中，所述信道接入参数还可以包括：发送带宽。
其中，根据信道接入参数和信道测量结果计算CCA门限，包括：
在使用动态CCA门限时，将接入点发送的无线帧接收功率上限值和本设备接收到的接入点发送的无线帧的接收功率二者中的较小者确定为有效接收功率；
从所述有效接收功率中减去CCA门限边界值获得CCA门限临时值；
将所述CCA门限临时值与CCA门限最低值二者中的较大者确定为CCA门限。
其中，所述发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系，包括：
所述发送功率等级分为大于阈值的高功率等级和低于阈值的低功率等级两个等级；
所述高功率等级对应的信道接入参数包括：指示固定CCA门限值的参数；
所述低功率等级对应的信道接入参数包括以下参数：接入点发送的无线帧接收功率上限值、CCA门限边界值和CCA门限最低值。
所述发送功率等级(分为两级)与信道接入参数的对应关系如下表1所示，其中，低功率等级对应的信道接入参数中，包括以下参数：Beacon帧接收功率上限值(Upper limit)、CCA门限边界值(Margin)、CCA门限最低值(Lower limit)；高功率等级对应的信道接入参数中，包括以下参数：指示固定CCA门限值的参数。
Figure PCTCN2016075345-appb-000001
表1
其中，所述发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系，包括：
发送功率分为N个数值区间，每一个数值区间对应于一个等级；
发送功率超过阈值的等级对应的所述信道接入参数包括：指示固定CCA门限值的参数；
发送功率未超过阈值的等级对应的所述信道接入参数包括以下参数：与该发送功率等级对应的接入点发送的无线帧接收功率上限值、与该发送功率等级对应的CCA门限边界值、和与该发送功率等级对应的CCA门限最低值。
所述发送功率等级(分为四级)与信道接入参数的对应关系如下表2所示，其中，除发送功率最大的等级之外的任意一个等级对应的信道接入参数中，包括以下参数：Beacon帧接收功率上限值(Upper limit)、CCA门限边界值(Margin)、CCA门限最低值(Lower limit)；发送功率最大的等级对应的信道接入参数包括：指示固定CCA门限值的参数。
Figure PCTCN2016075345-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2016075345-appb-000003
表2
其中，
在发送数据前对信道进行测量，包括：在发送数据前对多个信道进行测量；
根据信道测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定CCA门限，根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲，包括：对每一个信道，根据该信道的测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定该信道对应的CCA门限，根据所述CCA门限判断该信道状态是否空闲；
所述方法还包括：
在确定每一个信道对应的CCA门限后，在信道之间进行发送功率分配。
其中，所述根据信道测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定CCA门限，根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲，包括：
根据从信道上监听到的复用参数信息、信道上正在传输的信号的强度、系统设定的功率等级与CCA门限的对应关系，确定本设备用于竞争信道的发送功率和CCA门限。
其中，根据从信道上监听到的复用参数信息、信道上正在传输的信号的强度、系统设定的功率等级与CCA门限的对应关系，确定本设备用于竞争信道的发送功率和CCA门限，包括：
在信道上监听携带复用参数信息的信号帧；其中，所述复用参数信息包括：占用信道的接收方的地址、所述接收方的发送功率和所述接收方的干扰门限；
根据监听到的复用参数信息确定本设备复用信道后不对已经占用所述信道的接收方造成干扰的最大发送功率Pmax；
根据确定出的本设备的最大发送功率Pmax、系统设定的功率等级与CCA门限的对应关系以及本设备接收到的所述信道上正在传输的信号的接收功率，选择候选发送功率等级和CCA门限，如果至少能够选择出一组不超过所述最大发送功率Pmax的候选发送功率等级，且所述候选发送功率等级对应的CCA门限能够使得本设备判断所述信道的状态为空闲，则将所述候选发送功率等级和CCA门限作为本设备用于竞争信道的发送功率等级和CCA门限，根据所述用于竞争信道的发送功率等级确定本设备的发送功率。
其中，所述复用参数信息携带在信号帧的物理层帧头或媒体访问控制(MAC)层帧头中。
其中，所述根据监听到的复用参数信息确定本设备复用信道后不对已经占用所述信道的接收方造成干扰的最大发送功率Pmax，包括：
确定本设备与已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L；
根据所述路径损耗L和所述接收方设备的干扰门限I，确定本设备复用信道后不对已经占用所述信道的接收方造成干扰的最大发送功率Pmax，Pmax＝I+L。
其中，所述确定本设备与已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L，包括：
若本设备接收到所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备发送的用于确认信道复用传输的传输响应帧CTS，则根据从所述CTS帧的复用参数信息中获取的接收方发送功率Pt和本设备接收所述CTS帧的接收功率Pr，确定本设备与所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L，L＝Pt-Pr。
其中，所述确定本设备与已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L，包括：
若本设备接收到已经占用所述信道的发送方设备发送的用于请求信道复用传输的传输请求帧RTS，且未接收到所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备发送的用于确认信道复用传输的传输响应帧CTS，则查询本设备的路径损耗历史记录，若查询到所述接收方设备对应的历史记录，则将查询到的路径损耗历史值l作为本设备与所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损 耗L；
其中，所述路径损耗历史记录中的路径损耗值l在本设备接收到其他设备发送的信号帧时，根据所述其他设备的发送功率Pt和本设备接收所述信号帧的接收功率Pr进行确定，l＝Pt-Pr；
其中，所述信号帧为CTS帧或其他数据帧。
如图5所示，本发明实施例提供了一种信道检测装置，应用于无线局域网设备，包括：
测量模块，设置为：在发送数据前对信道进行测量；
CCA门限确定模块，设置为：根据信道测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定空闲信道估计(CCA)门限，根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲。
其中，CCA门限确定模块，是设置为：
根据期望使用的发送功率等级确定对应的信道接入参数；
根据信道接入参数和信道测量结果计算CCA门限；
根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲。
其中，CCA门限确定模块，还设置为：当根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态为忙后，调整期望使用的发送功率等级；根据调整后期望使用的发送功率等级确定对应的信道接入参数；根据信道接入参数和信道测量结果重新计算CCA门限；根据重新计算获得的CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲。
其中，CCA门限确定模块，是设置为：
选择一组或多组信道接入参数作为候选信道接入参数；
对每一组候选信道接入参数，根据所述候选信道接入参数和信道测量结果计算对应的候选CCA门限，根据所述候选CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲；
对所有候选信道接入参数进行筛选，筛选出将信道状态判断为空闲的候选信道接入参数，作为最终的信道接入参数；
根据所述最终的信道接入参数确定所述信道对应的发送功率等级。
其中，所述信道接入参数包括以下参数的一种或多种：接入点发送的无线帧接收功率上限值、CCA门限边界值、CCA门限最低值、指示固定CCA门限值的参数。
其中，所述信道测量结果包括：在本设备要发送数据的信道上接收到的正在进行传输的信号的接收功率、接收到的接入点发送的无线帧的接收功率。
其中，CCA门限确定模块通过以下方式根据信道接入参数和信道测量结果计算CCA门限：
在使用动态CCA门限时，将接入点发送的无线帧接收功率上限值和本设备接收到的接入点发送的无线帧的接收功率二者中的较小者确定为有效接收功率；
从所述有效接收功率中减去CCA门限边界值获得CCA门限临时值；
将所述CCA门限临时值与CCA门限最低值二者中的较大者确定为CCA门限。
其中，所述发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系，包括：
发送功率分为N个数值区间，每一个数值区间对应于一个等级；
发送功率超过阈值的等级对应的所述信道接入参数包括：指示固定CCA门限值的参数；
发送功率未超过阈值的等级对应的所述信道接入参数包括以下参数：与该发送功率等级对应的接入点发送的无线帧接收功率上限值、与该发送功率等级对应的CCA门限边界值、与该发送功率等级对应的CCA门限最低值。
其中，
测量模块，是设置为：在发送数据前对多个信道进行测量；
CCA门限确定模块，是设置为：对每一个信道，根据该信道的测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定该信道对应的CCA门限，根据所述CCA门限判断该信道状态是否空闲；
所述装置还包括：
功率分配模块，设置为：在确定每一个信道对应的CCA门限后，在信道之间进行发送功率分配。
其中，CCA门限确定模块，是设置为：
根据从信道上监听到的复用参数信息、信道上正在传输的信号的强度、系统设定的功率等级与CCA门限的对应关系，确定本设备用于竞争信道的发送功率和CCA门限。
其中，CCA门限确定模块，是设置为：
在信道上监听携带复用参数信息的信号帧；其中，所述复用参数信息包括：占用信道的接收方的地址、所述接收方的发送功率和所述接收方的干扰门限；
根据监听到的复用参数信息确定本设备复用信道后不对已经占用所述信道的接收方造成干扰的最大发送功率Pmax；
根据确定出的本设备的最大发送功率Pmax、系统设定的功率等级与CCA门限的对应关系以及本设备接收到的所述信道上正在传输的信号的接收功率，选择候选发送功率等级和CCA门限，如果至少能够选择出一组不超过所述最大发送功率Pmax的候选发送功率等级，且所述候选发送功率等级对应的CCA门限能够使得本设备判断所述信道的状态为空闲，则将所述候选发送功率等级和CCA门限作为本设备用于竞争信道的发送功率等级和CCA门限，根据所述用于竞争信道的发送功率等级确定本设备的发送功率。
其中，所述复用参数信息携带在信号帧的物理层帧头或媒体访问控制(MAC)层帧头中。
其中，CCA门限确定模块通过以下方式根据监听到的复用参数信息确定本设备复用信道后不对已经占用所述信道的接收方造成干扰的最大发送功率Pmax：
确定本设备与已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L；
根据所述路径损耗L和所述接收方设备的干扰门限I，确定本设备复用信道后不对已经占用所述信道的接收方造成干扰的最大发送功率Pmax，Pmax＝I+L。
其中，CCA门限确定模块通过以下方式确定本设备与已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L：
若本设备接收到所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备发送的用于确认信道复用传输的传输响应帧CTS，则根据从所述CTS帧的复用参数信息中获取的接收方发送功率Pt和本设备接收所述CTS帧的接收功率Pr确定本设备与所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L，L＝Pt-Pr。
其中，CCA门限确定模块通过以下方式确定本设备与已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L：
若本设备接收到已经占用所述信道的发送方设备发送的用于请求信道复用传输的传输请求帧RTS，且未接收到所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备发送的用于确认信道复用传输的传输响应帧CTS，则查询本设备的路径损耗历史记录，若查询到所述接收方设备对应的历史记录，则将查询到的路径损耗历史值l作为本设备与所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L；
其中，所述路径损耗历史记录中的路径损耗值l在本设备接收到其他设备发送的信号帧时，根据所述其他设备的发送功率Pt和本设备接收所述信号帧的接收功率Pr进行确定，l＝Pt-Pr；
其中，所述信号帧为CTS帧或其他数据帧。
下面通过具体的应用示例对本发明实施例提供的方案进行说明。
常见的无线局域网的终端设备的发送功率有一定的差异，例如手机的发送功率一般小于11dBm；平板电脑的发送功率约为11dBm～14dBm；网络电话(VoIP，Voice over Internet Protocol)终端的发送功率约为11dBm～16dBm；笔记本电脑的发送功率约为17dBm～20dBm。
示例一
本示例主要描述一种发送功率等级与信道接入参数集的对应方法，以及站点如何根据发送功率等级找到对应的信道接入参数集，并使用信道接入参数集计算CCA门限，竞争信道的过程。
本示例中，以15dBm作为分界，发送功率大于或等于15dBm的设备将 使用-82dBm的固定CCA门限值；发送功率小于15dBm的设备，对应一套信道接入参数集，也即，小功率设备可以根据信道接入参数集与信道检测的结果，动态调整CCA门限值。
本示例中的发送功率等级与信道接入参数集的对应关系如上述表1所示。
例如，站点A为笔记本电脑设备，发送功率为17dBm。站点A在AP广播的Beacon帧中，收到上述表1所示的发送功率等级与信道接入参数集的对应关系。根据该对应关系，站点A属于高功率设备，应该使用固定值作为CCA门限值，也即，-82dBm作为CCA门限值。
例如，站点B为智能手机设备，发送功率为11dBm。站点B在AP广播的Beacon帧中，收到上述表1所示的发送功率等级与信道接入参数集的对应关系。根据该对应关系，站点B属于低功率设备，可以使用动态CCA门限技术，对应的信道接入参数为：Upper limit：-40dBm，Margin：20dB，Lower limit：-82dBm。站点B可以根据信道接入参数集中规定的参数和信道检测结果，动态的计算CCA门限值。
假设站点B收到Beacon帧的信号强度(RSS，Received Signal Strength)为-30dBm，计算过程如下：
首先计算有效接收功率effR：
effR＝MIN(RSS，Upper limit)＝MIN(-30dBm，-40dBm)＝-40dBm。
也即，Beacon帧接收功率上限值(Upper Limit)和本设备接收到的Beacon帧的接收功率RSS相比，二者中数值较小的一个确定为有效接收功率effR；
然后，计算CCA门限临时值CCAt：
CCAt＝effR–Margin＝-40dBm-20dBm＝-60dBm。
也即，从所述有效接收功率effR中减去CCA门限边界值(Margin)获得CCA门限临时值；
则最终使用的CCA门限值CCAT：
CCAT＝MAX(CCAt，Lower limit)＝MAX(-60dBm，-82dBm)＝-60dBm。
也即，将所述CCA门限临时值与CCA门限最低值(Lower Limit)二者中的较大者确定为CCA门限；
接下来，当站点B有数据待发送时，使用-60dBm作为CCA门限，竞争接入信道。
示例二
本示例主要描述了另一种发送功率等级与信道接入参数集的对应方法，以及站点如何根据发送功率等级找到对应的信道接入参数集，并使用信道接入参数集计算CCA门限，竞争信道的过程。
本示例中，将发送功率分成四个等级，每个发送功率等级对应不同的信道接入参数集。对应关系如上述表2所示。
例如，站点A为平板电脑设备，发送功率为13dBm。站点A在关联AP时，收到了AP的关联响应帧，指示了上述表2所示的发送功率等级与信道接入参数集的对应关系。根据该对应关系，站点B使用参数：Upper limit：-40dBm，Margin：25dB，Lower limit：-82dBm；
假设站点A收到Beacon帧的信号强度RSS为-35dBm，使用示例一中的计算CCA门限的方法，计算得到CCA门限为：-65dBm。
示例三
本示例主要描述了功率可调站点如何选择合适的发送功率发送数据的过程。
本示例中，使用的发送功率等级与信道接入参数集的对应关系如上述表2所示。
例如，站点A是功率可调的笔记本电脑设备，发送功率范围在13～20dBm。站点A在关联时，收到了AP的关联响应帧，指示了上述表2所示的发送功率等级与信道接入参数集的对应关系。根据该对应关系，站点A可以使用两套参数集：参数集1：发送功率T在大于11dBm且小于或等于15dBm的范围内对应的接入参数为：Upper limit：-40dBm，Margin：25dB，Lower limit： -82dBm；参数集2：发送功率T在大于15dBm且小于或等于20dBm的范围内对应的接入参数为：Upper limit：-40dBm，Margin：35dB，Lower limit：-82dBm。
假设站点A收到Beacon帧的信号强度RSS为-45dBm，动态计算CCA门限值：
使用参数集1：使用示例一中的计算CCA门限的方法，计算得到CCA门限为：-70dBm；
使用参数集2：使用示例一中的计算CCA门限的方法，计算得到CCA门限为：-80dBm；
假设站点A监听到信道被其他站点占用，且到达站点A的信号强度为-77dBm。如果使用-80dBm作为CCA检测门限，由于监听到的信号接收功率大于CCA检测门限，则站点A判断信道繁忙，退避等待。如果站点A选择-70dBm作为CCA检测门限，由于监听到的信号接收功率小于CCA检测门限，则判断信道空闲，可以竞争信道，根据发送功率等级与信道接入参数集的对应关系，站点A的发送功率不能高于15dBm。为保证接收方正确接收数据，站点A最终选择15dBm的功率发送数据。
示例四
本示例主要描述了站点在不同信道上，使用不同的发送功率等级发送数据的过程。
本示例中，使用的发送功率等级与信道接入参数集的对应关系如上述表2所示。
例如，站点A是笔记本电脑设备，发送功率范围在13～20dBm。
根据上述表2的对应关系，站点A可以使用两套参数集：参数集1：发送功率T在大于11dBm且小于或等于15dBm的范围内对应的接入参数为：Upper limit：-40dBm，Margin：25dB，Lower limit：-82dBm；参数集2：发送功率T在大于15dBm且小于或等于20dBm的范围内对应的接入参数为：Upper limit：-40dBm，Margin：35dB，Lower limit：-82dBm。
假设站点A收到Beacon帧的信号强度RSS为-43dBm，动态计算CCA 门限值：
使用参数集1：使用示例一中的计算CCA门限的方法，计算得到CCA门限为：-68dBm；
使用参数集2：使用示例一中的计算CCA门限的方法，计算得到CCA门限为：-78dBm；
假设站点A有数据待发送，监听到信道1上有强度为-70dBm的干扰信号，如果站点A选择-68dBm作为门限值，则判断信道空闲，竞争接入信道，根据发送功率等级与信道接入参数集的对应关系，站点A在信道1上的发送功率使用14dBm。
在发送前一段时隙内，如PIFS(Point Inter-Frame Space)时长内，假设站点A检测到信道2、3空闲，则站点A进行功率分配，从最大发送功率20dBm中除去信道1上的发送功率14dBm后，还可以使用14dBm的发送功率在信道2上发送数据，以及使用17dBm的发送功率在信道3上发送数据。
站点A同时在三个信道上进行功率分配的关系见图6。
示例五
本示例主要描述了另一种发送功率等级与信道接入参数集的对应方法，以及站点如何根据发送功率等级找到对应的信道接入参数集，并使用信道接入参数集计算CCA门限，竞争信道的过程。
本示例中，将发送功率分成四个等级，每个发送功率等级规定了可以使用的最大发送功率值，以及对应的信道接入参数集。对应关系如下表3所示。
Figure PCTCN2016075345-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2016075345-appb-000005
表3
例如，站点A是功率可调的笔记本电脑设备，发送功率范围在13～20dBm。站点A在关联时，收到了AP的关联响应帧，指示了上述表3所示的发送功率等级与信道接入参数集的对应关系。根据该对应关系，站点A可以使用两套参数集：参数集1：发送功率T小于或等于15dBm的范围内对应的接入参数为：Upper limit：-40dBm，Margin：25dB，Lower limit：-82dBm；参数集2：发送功率T小于或等于20dBm的范围内对应的接入参数为：Upper limit：-40dBm，Margin：35dB，Lower limit：-82dBm。
假设站点A收到Beacon帧的信号强度RSS为-40dBm，动态计算CCA门限值：
使用参数集1：使用示例一中的计算CCA门限的方法，计算得到CCA门限为：-65dBm；
使用参数集2：使用示例一中的计算CCA门限的方法，计算得到CCA门限为：-75dBm；
假设站点A监听到信道被其他站点占用，且到达站点A的信号强度为-77dBm。站点A使用两个CCA门限均判断信道为空闲。根据发送功率等级 与信道接入参数集的对应关系，站点A的发送功率只要不高于20dBm即可。为了不对其他设备造成过大干扰，站点A选择13dBm的功率发送数据。
示例六
本示例主要描述了站点在竞争信道时，根据信道上正在进行传输的信号携带的复用参数信息估计本站点复用传输对当前传输的影响，根据所述影响确定发送功率和CCA门限。
例如，站点A是功率可调的笔记本电脑设备，发送功率范围在13～20dBm。站点A在关联时，收到了AP的关联响应，所述关联响应携带站点发送功率等级与参考CCA门限的对应关系。所述发送功率等级与参考CCA门限的对应关系也可以是系统预定义的。
下表4是站点发送功率等级与参考CCA门限的对应关系的示例。
发送功率等级T 参考CCA门限
T≤11dBm -62dBm
11<T≤15dBm -70dBm
15<T≤20dBm -75dBm
T＞20dBm -82dBm
表4
站点A监听信道，先后收到了站点B给站点C的传输请求帧：RTS(Request To Send)帧，和站点C回复站点B的传输确认帧：CTS(Clear To Send)帧。或者，站点A只收到了RTS或CTS其中之一。通过解析RTS和/或CTS帧，站点A得知站点B将在RTS/CTS预约的时间内发送数据给站点C。站点A尝试复用这段时间传输数据给站点D。
站点A从RTS和/或CTS帧的物理层帧头或MAC(Media Access Control,媒体访问控制)层帧头中提取出复用参数信息，所述复用参数信息包含了即 将进行传输的信号的发送者地址(站点B的地址)、接收者地址(站点C的地址)、发送者发送功率(站点B的发送功率Pb)、接收者发送功率(站点C的发送功率Pc)、接收者的干扰门限(站点C的干扰门限I)等信息。
接下来，站点A根据站点C的发送功率Pc，与自己收到的站点C发出的CTS帧的接收功率Rc，估算得到站点A到C的路径损耗L＝Pc–Rc。然后，站点A结合站点C的干扰门限I，确定本设备复用信道后不对所述正在接收数据的接收方(站点C)造成干扰的最大发送功率Pmax，Pmax＝I+L。
如果站点A没有收到站点C发出的CTS帧，则可以查询本设备与其他设备之间的路径损耗记录，如查询到站点C的记录，则根据查询到的路径损耗L和站点C的干扰门限I确定本设备复用信道后不对所述正在接收数据的接收方(站点C)造成干扰的最大发送功率Pmax，Pmax＝I+L。
其中，站点可以在接收到其他设备发送的信号帧时计算本设备与所述其他设备之间的路径损耗，并生成记录进行保存；所述路径损耗为所述其他设备的发送功率减去本设备接收所述信号帧的接收功率所得到的差；
其中，所述信号帧为CTS帧或其他数据帧；
比如，站点A与站点C之间的路径损耗L为85dBm，站点C的干扰门限I为-67dBm；则可以计算出站点A的最大发送功率Pmax＝85+(-67)＝18dBm；
根据站点A的最大发送功率查询站点发送功率等级与参考CCA门限的对应关系，在查询了上述表4之后，由于站点A的发送功率范围是：13～20dBm，因此站点A可以选择的发送功率T是11<T≤15dBm，或15<T≤20dBm；
如果站点A选择的发送功率T属于11<T≤15dBm，该发送功率等级对应的参考CCA门限为-70dBm，假设当前正在传输的信号到达站点A的信号强度为-73dBm，则判断当前信道为空闲；
如果站点A选择的发送功率T属于15<T≤20dBm，该发送功率等级对应的参考CCA门限为-75dBm，假设当前正在传输的信号到达站点A的信号强度为-73dBm，则判断当前信道为忙；
因此，站点A选择有利于本站点竞争信道的CCA门限，也即站点A确定出的最终CCA门限能够判定当前信道为空闲，也即，站点A选择CCA门 限为-70dBm，此时站点A对应的发送功率的等级为11<T≤15dBm，比如，站点A最终选择发送功率为15dBm，竞争接入信道。
上述实施例提供的一种信道检测方法和装置，建立了发送功率等级与信道接入参数之间的对应关系，设备可以根据接收到的接入点发送无线帧的接收功率以及发送功率等级与信道接入参数之间的对应关系确定本设备在竞争信道时使用的CCA门限，或者，设备可以根据从信道上监听到的复用参数信息、信道上正在传输的信号的强度、系统指定的功率等级与CCA门限的对应关系确定发送功率和竞争信道时使用的CCA门限，从而在提高网络利用率的同时有效降低大功率设备引起的干扰，并保证复用传输的公平性。
此外，本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现所述的信道检测方法。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述方法中的全部或部分步骤可通过程序来指令相关硬件完成，所述程序可以存储于计算机可读存储介质中，如只读存储器、磁盘或光盘等。可选地，上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用一个或多个集成电路来实现，相应地，上述实施例中的各模块/单元可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。本申请不限制于任何特定形式的硬件和软件的结合。
需要说明的是，本申请还可有其他多种实施例，在不背离本申请精神及其实质的情况下，熟悉本领域的技术人员可根据本申请作出各种相应的改变和变形，但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本申请所附的权利要求的保护范围。
工业实用性
本发明实施例提供一种信道检测方法和装置，在提高网络利用率的同时有效降低大功率设备引起的干扰，并保证复用传输的公平性。

Claims (31)

  1. 一种信道检测方法，应用于无线局域网设备，包括：
    在发送数据前对信道进行测量；
    根据信道测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定空闲信道估计CCA门限，根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述根据信道测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定空闲信道估计CCA门限，根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲，包括：
    根据期望使用的发送功率等级确定对应的信道接入参数；
    根据信道接入参数和信道测量结果计算CCA门限；
    根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法，当根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态为忙后，该方法还包括：
    调整期望使用的发送功率等级；
    根据调整后期望使用的发送功率等级确定对应的信道接入参数；
    根据信道接入参数和信道测量结果重新计算CCA门限；
    根据重新计算获得的CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述根据信道测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定空闲信道估计CCA门限，根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲，包括：
    选择一组或多组信道接入参数作为候选信道接入参数；
    对每一组候选信道接入参数，根据所述候选信道接入参数和信道测量结果计算对应的候选CCA门限，根据所述候选CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲；
    对所有候选信道接入参数进行筛选，筛选出将信道状态判断为空闲的候选信道接入参数，作为最终的信道接入参数；
    根据所述最终的信道接入参数确定所述信道对应的发送功率等级。
  5. 如权利要求2-4中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述信道接入参数包括以下参数的一种或多种：接入点发送的无线帧接收功率上限值、CCA门限边界值、CCA门限最低值、指示固定CCA门限值的参数。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述信道测量结果包括：在本设备要发送数据的信道上接收到的正在进行传输的信号的接收功率、和接收到的接入点发送的无线帧的接收功率。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其中，所述根据信道接入参数和信道测量结果计算CCA门限，包括：
    在使用动态CCA门限时，将接入点发送的无线帧接收功率上限值和本设备接收到的接入点发送的无线帧的接收功率二者中的较小者确定为有效接收功率；
    从所述有效接收功率中减去CCA门限边界值获得CCA门限临时值；
    将所述CCA门限临时值与CCA门限最低值二者中的较大者确定为CCA门限。
  8. 如权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系，包括：
    发送功率分为N个数值区间，每一个数值区间对应于一个等级；
    发送功率超过阈值的等级对应的所述信道接入参数包括：指示固定CCA门限值的参数；
    发送功率未超过阈值的等级对应的所述信道接入参数包括以下参数：与该发送功率等级对应的接入点发送的无线帧接收功率上限值、与该发送功率等级对应的CCA门限边界值、和与该发送功率等级对应的CCA门限最低值。
  9. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法，其中，
    所述在发送数据前对信道进行测量，包括：在发送数据前对多个信道进行测量；
    所述根据信道测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定 空闲信道估计CCA门限，根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲，包括：对每一个信道，根据该信道的测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定该信道对应的CCA门限，根据所述CCA门限判断该信道状态是否空闲；
    所述方法还包括：
    在确定每一个信道对应的CCA门限后，在信道之间进行发送功率分配。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述根据信道测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定空闲信道估计CCA门限，根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲，包括：
    根据从信道上监听到的复用参数信息、信道上正在传输的信号的强度、系统设定的功率等级与CCA门限的对应关系，确定本设备用于竞争信道的发送功率和CCA门限。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述根据从信道上监听到的复用参数信息、信道上正在传输的信号的强度、系统设定的功率等级与CCA门限的对应关系，确定本设备用于竞争信道的发送功率和CCA门限，包括：
    在信道上监听携带复用参数信息的信号帧；其中，所述复用参数信息包括：占用信道的接收方的地址、所述接收方的发送功率和所述接收方的干扰门限；
    根据监听到的复用参数信息确定本设备复用信道后不对已经占用所述信道的接收方造成干扰的最大发送功率Pmax；
    根据确定出的本设备的最大发送功率Pmax、系统设定的功率等级与CCA门限的对应关系以及本设备接收到的所述信道上正在传输的信号的接收功率，选择候选发送功率等级和CCA门限，如果至少能够选择出一组不超过所述最大发送功率Pmax的候选发送功率等级，且所述候选发送功率等级对应的CCA门限能够使得本设备判断所述信道的状态为空闲，则将所述候选发送功率等级和CCA门限作为本设备用于竞争信道的发送功率等级和CCA门限，根据所述用于竞争信道的发送功率等级确定本设备的发送功率。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其中，所述根据监听到的复用参数信息 确定本设备复用信道后不对已经占用所述信道的接收方造成干扰的最大发送功率Pmax，包括：
    确定本设备与已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L；
    根据所述路径损耗L和所述接收方设备的干扰门限I，确定本设备复用信道后不对已经占用所述信道的接收方造成干扰的最大发送功率Pmax，Pmax＝I+L。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的方法，其中，所述确定本设备与已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L，包括：
    若本设备接收到所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备发送的用于确认信道复用传输的传输响应帧CTS，则根据从所述CTS帧的复用参数信息中获取的接收方发送功率Pt和本设备接收所述CTS帧的接收功率Pr确定本设备与所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L，L＝Pt-Pr。
  14. 如权利要求12所述的方法，其中，所述确定本设备与已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L，包括：
    若本设备接收到已经占用所述信道的发送方设备发送的用于请求信道复用传输的传输请求帧RTS，且未接收到所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备发送的用于确认信道复用传输的传输响应帧CTS，则查询本设备的路径损耗历史记录，若查询到所述接收方设备对应的历史记录，则将查询到的路径损耗历史值l作为本设备与所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L；
    其中，所述路径损耗历史记录中的路径损耗值l在本设备接收到其他设备发送的信号帧时，根据所述其他设备的发送功率Pt和本设备接收所述信号帧的接收功率Pr进行确定，l＝Pt-Pr；
    其中，所述信号帧为CTS帧或其他数据帧。
  15. 如权利要求10-14中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述复用参数信息携带在信号帧的物理层帧头或媒体访问控制MAC层帧头中。
  16. 一种信道检测装置，应用于无线局域网设备，包括：
    测量模块，设置为：在发送数据前对信道进行测量；
    空闲信道估计CCA门限确定模块，设置为：根据信道测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定CCA门限，根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的装置，其中，所述CCA门限确定模块，是设置为：
    根据期望使用的发送功率等级确定对应的信道接入参数；
    根据信道接入参数和信道测量结果计算CCA门限；
    根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的装置，其中，所述CCA门限确定模块，还设置为：当根据所述CCA门限判断信道状态为忙后，调整期望使用的发送功率等级；根据调整后期望使用的发送功率等级确定对应的信道接入参数；根据信道接入参数和信道测量结果重新计算CCA门限；根据重新计算获得的CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲。
  19. 如权利要求16所述的装置，其中，所述CCA门限确定模块，是设置为：
    选择一组或多组信道接入参数作为候选信道接入参数；
    对每一组候选信道接入参数，根据所述候选信道接入参数和信道测量结果计算对应的候选CCA门限，根据所述候选CCA门限判断信道状态是否空闲；
    对所有候选信道接入参数进行筛选，筛选出将信道状态判断为空闲的候选信道接入参数，作为最终的信道接入参数；
    根据所述最终的信道接入参数确定所述信道对应的发送功率等级。
  20. 如权利要求17-19中任一项所述的装置，其中，所述信道接入参数包括以下参数的一种或多种：接入点发送的无线帧接收功率上限值、CCA门限边界值、CCA门限最低值、指示固定CCA门限值的参数。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的装置，其中，所述信道测量结果包括：在本设备要发送数据的信道上接收到的正在进行传输的信号的接收功率、和接收到的接入点发送的无线帧的接收功率。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的装置，其中，所述CCA门限确定模块通过以下方式根据信道接入参数和信道测量结果计算CCA门限：
    在使用动态CCA门限时，将接入点发送的无线帧接收功率上限值和本设备接收到的接入点发送的无线帧的接收功率二者中的较小者确定为有效接收功率；
    从所述有效接收功率中减去CCA门限边界值获得CCA门限临时值；
    将所述CCA门限临时值与CCA门限最低值二者中的较大者确定为CCA门限。
  23. 如权利要求20所述的装置，其中，所述发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系，包括：
    发送功率分为N个数值区间，每一个数值区间对应于一个等级；
    发送功率超过阈值的等级对应的所述信道接入参数包括：指示固定CCA门限值的参数；
    发送功率未超过阈值的等级对应的所述信道接入参数包括以下参数：与该发送功率等级对应的接入点发送的无线帧接收功率上限值、与该发送功率等级对应的CCA门限边界值、和与该发送功率等级对应的CCA门限最低值。
  24. 如权利要求16-19中任一项所述的装置，其中，
    所述测量模块，是设置为：在发送数据前对多个信道进行测量；
    所述CCA门限确定模块，是设置为：对每一个信道，根据该信道的测量结果、发送功率等级与信道接入参数的对应关系确定该信道对应的CCA门限，根据所述CCA门限判断该信道状态是否空闲；
    所述装置还包括：
    功率分配模块，设置为：在确定每一个信道对应的CCA门限后，在信道之间进行发送功率分配。
  25. 如权利要求16所述的装置，其中，所述CCA门限确定模块，是设置为：
    根据从信道上监听到的复用参数信息、信道上正在传输的信号的强度、 系统设定的功率等级与CCA门限的对应关系，确定本设备用于竞争信道的发送功率和CCA门限。
  26. 如权利要求25所述的装置，其中，所述CCA门限确定模块，是设置为：
    在信道上监听携带复用参数信息的信号帧；其中，所述复用参数信息包括：占用信道的接收方的地址、所述接收方的发送功率和所述接收方的干扰门限；
    根据监听到的复用参数信息确定本设备复用信道后不对已经占用所述信道的接收方造成干扰的最大发送功率Pmax；
    根据确定出的本设备的最大发送功率Pmax、系统设定的功率等级与CCA门限的对应关系以及本设备接收到的所述信道上正在传输的信号的接收功率，选择候选发送功率等级和CCA门限，如果至少能够选择出一组不超过所述最大发送功率Pmax的候选发送功率等级，且所述候选发送功率等级对应的CCA门限能够使得本设备判断所述信道的状态为空闲，则将所述候选发送功率等级和CCA门限作为本设备用于竞争信道的发送功率等级和CCA门限，根据所述用于竞争信道的发送功率等级确定本设备的发送功率。
  27. 如权利要求26所述的装置，其中，所述CCA门限确定模块通过以下方式根据监听到的复用参数信息确定本设备复用信道后不对已经占用所述信道的接收方造成干扰的最大发送功率Pmax：
    确定本设备与已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L；
    根据所述路径损耗L和所述接收方设备的干扰门限I，确定本设备复用信道后不对已经占用所述信道的接收方造成干扰的最大发送功率Pmax，Pmax＝I+L。
  28. 如权利要求27所述的装置，其中，所述CCA门限确定模块通过以下方式确定本设备与已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L：
    若本设备接收到所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备发送的用于确认信道复用传输的传输响应帧CTS，则根据从所述CTS帧的复用参数信息中获取的接收方发送功率Pt和本设备接收所述CTS帧的接收功率Pr确定本设备与 所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L，L＝Pt-Pr。
  29. 如权利要求27所述的装置，其中，所述CCA门限确定模块通过以下方式确定本设备与已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L：
    若本设备接收到已经占用所述信道的发送方设备发送的用于请求信道复用传输的传输请求帧RTS，且未接收到所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备发送的用于确认信道复用传输的传输响应帧CTS，则查询本设备的路径损耗历史记录，若查询到所述接收方设备对应的历史记录，则将查询到的路径损耗历史值l作为本设备与所述已经占用所述信道的接收方设备之间的路径损耗L；
    其中，所述路径损耗历史记录中的路径损耗值l在本设备接收到其他设备发送的信号帧时，根据所述其他设备的发送功率Pt和本设备接收所述信号帧的接收功率Pr进行确定，l＝Pt-Pr；
    其中，所述信号帧为CTS帧或其他数据帧。
  30. 如权利要求25-29中任一项所述的装置，其中，所述复用参数信息携带在信号帧的物理层帧头或媒体访问控制MAC层帧头中。
  31. 一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现权利要求1至15任一项所述的信道检测方法。
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