WO2016138834A1 - 密钥设备、数据转接装置、组件和系统及设备启动方法 - Google Patents

密钥设备、数据转接装置、组件和系统及设备启动方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016138834A1
WO2016138834A1 PCT/CN2016/074664 CN2016074664W WO2016138834A1 WO 2016138834 A1 WO2016138834 A1 WO 2016138834A1 CN 2016074664 W CN2016074664 W CN 2016074664W WO 2016138834 A1 WO2016138834 A1 WO 2016138834A1
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Prior art keywords
interface
pin
data
data switching
switching device
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PCT/CN2016/074664
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李东声
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天地融科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2016138834A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016138834A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/30—Authentication, i.e. establishing the identity or authorisation of security principals
    • G06F21/31—User authentication
    • G06F21/34—User authentication involving the use of external additional devices, e.g. dongles or smart cards

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of data security, and in particular, to a key device, a data switching device, a data interaction component, a data interaction system, and a device startup method.
  • USBkey (often referred to as U shield or superior key, etc.) is currently widely used.
  • the existing USBkey power supply mode includes an external power supply mode and a self-power supply mode.
  • the existing USBkey external power supply mode is to obtain working power from an external device connected for data interaction through a USB cable. This is the most common power supply mode of the existing USB key, which can automatically power the USBkey when the external device works normally, and automatically starts up. USBkey works. On such a USBkey, there is usually no need to set any manual start switch.
  • the USBkey has a simple structure and is convenient for users.
  • the existing USBKey's self-powered mode is built-in power (such as a suitable battery) in the USBKey itself.
  • Such a USBKey with a built-in power supply usually needs to operate a manual switch provided on the USBKey to start the internal power supply to directly supply power to the power component in the USBKey, so that the USBKey starts to work, and its structural design is relatively complicated, and the user is not enough. Convenience.
  • the existing USB key is generally connected to an external device through a standard USB cable (the connection interface at both ends can be a standard same USB interface type or a different USB interface type), and data is transmitted with the external device according to the USB communication protocol. Interaction.
  • some external devices do not have a standard USB interface, or in some special application situations, it is not convenient to use the USB interface of the external device.
  • a portable terminal such as a smart phone is used as an external device for data interaction with a USB key
  • the limitation of this connection method has seriously affected the application scope and marketing of USBKey, and even become the primary reason why many users do not choose to use USBKey as their data security tool even when handling important financial services.
  • An object of the present invention is to solve at least one problem of the prior art, and to provide a key device, a data switching device, a data interaction component, a data interaction system, and a device startup method that are convenient to use and have an extended application scope.
  • the built-in power supply in the device automatically powers the key device and data transfer device without the need for special manual operation by the user.
  • Another further object of the present invention is to enable the use of different types of interfaces (especially USB interfaces and audio) in the key device, data transfer device, data interaction component, data interaction system and device boot method of the present invention.
  • Interface Data interaction between the key device and the corresponding external device.
  • a key device comprising a built-in power supply and an external connection port.
  • the external connection port comprises:
  • An electrical energy output pin configured to communicate with the built-in power source to output electrical energy outward
  • a power input pin configured to be externally coupled to the power output pin to initiate the internal power supply to begin powering the key device.
  • the external connection port further includes at least one data pin for transmitting a data signal.
  • the external connection port is a five-core USB interface
  • the power output pin is an ID pin of the five-core USB interface
  • the power input pin is the five-core USB interface.
  • at least one of the data pins of the external connector is a D+ pin and/or a D- pin of the five-wire USB interface.
  • the external connection port is a five-core USB female interface.
  • a data switching device comprising a first interface for connecting a first external device, and a second interface for connecting a second external device.
  • the data switching device further includes: a trigger circuit connected between the first interface and the second interface, configured to: when the second interface receives a trigger signal from the second external device, The power output pin of the first interface is connected to the power input pin of the first interface;
  • the first interface includes:
  • a power input pin configured to input electrical energy from the first external device to provide at least power to the operation of the data switching device
  • An electrical energy output pin configured to be controlled in communication with the power input pin
  • the trigger circuit includes: a trigger component and a controllable switch;
  • the triggering component is connected in series between the second interface and the first end of the controllable switch, and the second end of the controllable switch is electrically connected to the power input pin, and the controllable switch is The three ends are electrically connected to the power output pin;
  • the triggering component is configured to conduct the second end and the third end of the controllable switch when receiving a trigger signal from the second interface.
  • controllable switch includes at least a MOS transistor, a first end of the open switch is a gate of the MOS transistor, and a second end of the controllable switch is a source of the MOS transistor, The third end of the controllable switch is a drain of the MOS transistor;
  • the triggering component is configured to turn on the MOS transistor when the second interface receives the trigger signal.
  • controllable switch further includes a bias resistor connected in series between the source and the gate of the MOS transistor.
  • the first interface further includes at least one data pin for transmitting a data signal.
  • the first interface is a five-core USB interface
  • the power input pin of the first interface is an ID pin of the five-core USB interface
  • the power output pin of the first interface is a VCC pin of the five-core USB interface
  • At least one data pin of the first interface is a D+ pin and/or a D- pin of the five-wire USB interface.
  • the first interface is a five-core USB male interface.
  • the second interface is an audio interface.
  • a data interaction component comprising:
  • a data conversion device according to the second aspect of the present invention, wherein the external connection port of the key device and the first interface of the data switching device are configured to be operably connected to each other such that the key The device is used as a first external device connected to the data switching device;
  • the power output pin of the external connection port of the key device and the power input pin of the first interface of the data switching device are configured to be operably connected to each other, and the external connection port of the key device
  • the power input pin and the power output pin of the first interface of the data switching device are configured to be operatively coupled to each other.
  • the first external device is any key device according to the first aspect of the invention; and/or the second external device comprises a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a smart mobile communication terminal and a personal digital assistant.
  • a data interaction system comprising:
  • a data conversion device according to the second aspect of the present invention, wherein the external connection port of the key device and the first interface of the data switching device are configured to be operably connected to each other such that the key The device is used as a first external device connected to the data switching device;
  • a terminal device wherein a terminal interface of the terminal device and a second interface of the data switching device are configured to be operably connectable to each other such that the terminal device functions as a connection with the data switching device Two external devices.
  • a device startup method for a data interaction system includes:
  • the trigger circuit of the data switching device connects the power output pin of the first interface of the data switching device to the power input pin of the first interface according to the trigger signal received by the second interface, At least the key device is activated to work.
  • a device startup method for the data interaction system of the fourth aspect of the present invention including:
  • the power output pin of the external connection port of the key device is in communication with the built-in power source of the key device, and outputs power to the power input pin of the data switching device to transmit at least the data
  • the device provides electrical energy
  • An output pin is connected to a power input pin of the first interface of the data switching device such that a power input pin of the first interface of the key device is connected to a location of the key device
  • the power output pin of the first interface starts to power the key device by starting the built-in power source.
  • the key device since the key device has a built-in power supply, and the external connection port thereof is particularly The ground is set to include a power output pin for providing external power and a power input pin connected to the power output pin by an external control, and the power input pin is connected to the power output pin to start the internal power supply to start powering the key device.
  • This allows the key device of the present invention to automatically power the key device and the data transfer device when connected via an appropriate data transfer device, allowing for convenient data interaction without the need for special manual operations by the user.
  • the first interface of the data switching device is specifically configured to include a power input pin for inputting electrical energy from the first external device and a second external interface according to the trigger circuit via the second interface
  • the trigger signal received by the device is controlled to communicate with the power output pin of the power input pin to enable it to work well with the key device in accordance with the first aspect of the present invention.
  • the data switching device is configured to communicate the power output pin and the power input pin of the first interface thereof after the second interface receives the trigger signal,
  • the key device starts to work only after the entire system is properly connected and the corresponding external device is started, which effectively reduces unnecessary power consumption of the built-in power of the key device. Significantly extend the use time of the key device's built-in power supply for one replacement or charging.
  • the type of the second interface of the data switching device may be different from the type of the first interface, and an appropriate trigger circuit may be set according to the corresponding interface requirement.
  • Data signal conversion such as the conversion between the data signal required by the USB interface and the audio signal required by the MIC plug, greatly improves the flexibility of connecting the key device of the present invention with other external devices, and significantly expands the confidentiality of the present invention. The scope of application of the key device.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a key device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic pin diagram showing a connection port of a key device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic block diagram of a data switching device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • 4A is a schematic block diagram showing a portion of a trigger circuit in a data switching device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • 4B is a schematic circuit diagram showing a portion of a trigger circuit in a data switching device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic block diagram of a data interaction component in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic block diagram of a data interaction system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 7 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a data interaction system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a device startup method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 shows a flow chart of another device startup method in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a key device 100 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a key device 100 may be, for example, a USB key for storing a user digital security certificate and a user private key, which may generally include a built-in power source 110 and an external port 120, and the like.
  • the built-in power source 110 is used to provide electrical energy
  • the external connection port 120 is used to connect with other external devices.
  • the key device 100 may also include a specific circuit capable of implementing the key providing function. The specific circuit portion that may exist is well known and easily implemented by those skilled in the art, and details are not described herein.
  • the external connection port 120 is configured to include at least two pins, namely a power output pin 121 and a power input pin 122.
  • the power output pin 121 is configured to communicate with the built-in power source 110 to provide electrical energy outward.
  • the power input pin 122 is configured to be in communication with the power output pin 121 by external control to initiate the internal power supply 110 to begin powering the key device 100.
  • the key device since the key device has a built-in power supply, and the external connection port thereof is specifically configured to include a power output pin that provides external power and a power input pin that is externally controlled to communicate with the power output pin,
  • the power input pin is in communication with the power output pin to activate the internal power supply to begin powering the key device, thereby allowing the key device of the present invention to automatically access the key device and the data transfer device when connected via a suitable data transfer device Power is supplied for easy data interaction without the need for special manual operations by the user.
  • the external connector 120 further includes at least one data pin 123 for transmitting a data signal. Since the key device 100 is typically used to provide a digital key required for authentication for payment operations, the data pin 123 is preferably configured for transmitting digital signals. If the key device 100 is capable of providing other types of keys, the data pins 123 can also be configured to transmit other corresponding types of signals (eg, some form of analog signal, such as an audio signal, carrying data information).
  • the data pin 123 can also be configured to transmit other corresponding types of signals (eg, some form of analog signal, such as an audio signal, carrying data information).
  • FIG. 1 in order to schematically show that the external connection port 120 includes a data pin, only one data pin 123 is shown.
  • those skilled in the art can recognize that, in practical applications, according to actual needs, for example, Set the number of data pins according to the requirements of the communication protocol or interface standard used.
  • the external connector 120 can be a common HDMI interface, a DVI interface, or a USB interface.
  • a five-wire USB interface is preferably employed, and more preferably a five-wire USB female interface is employed as the outer connector 120 of the key device 100 of the present invention.
  • Common five-core USB interfaces include, for example, a mini USB interface, a Micro USB interface, etc., and the pins include a VCC pin, a D+ pin, a D- pin, an ID pin, and a GND pin.
  • the power output pin 121 of the external connector 120 is the ID pin of the five-core USB interface
  • the power input pin 122 of the external connector is a five-core USB interface
  • the VCC pin, at least one of the data pins 123 of the external connector 120 is a D+ pin and/or a D- pin of a five-wire USB interface.
  • the present invention also provides a data switching device 300 that can be used in conjunction with the above-described key device 100.
  • the data switching device 300 includes a first interface 310, a second interface 320, and a trigger circuit 330, wherein the first interface 310 is used to connect to the first external device, and the second interface 320 is used to connect the second external device.
  • the trigger circuit 330 is connected between the first interface 310 and the second interface 320.
  • the first interface 310 of the data switching device 300 includes at least a power input pin 311 and a power output pin. 312.
  • the trigger circuit 330 is configured to connect the power output pin 311 of the first interface 310 to the power input pin 312 of the first interface 310 at least when the second interface 320 receives the trigger signal from the second external device.
  • the first external device The device may be the key device 100 according to the present invention as described above, and the second external device may be an electronic data processing device such as a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a smart mobile communication terminal, and a personal digital assistant.
  • the power input pin 311 is configured to input electrical energy from the first external device to provide at least electrical energy for operation of the data switching device 300; the power output pin 312 is configured to be in accordance with the trigger circuit 330 The trigger signal received via the second interface 320 is controlled to be connected to the power input pin 311.
  • the data switching device has a data transfer function, and also has a data type conversion/transfer processing function. Therefore, the data transfer device usually needs to have a built-in power supply, and uses the built-in power supply to maintain data transmission, transfer, and the like.
  • the built-in power supply itself is relatively heavy, which is a big burden for the data transfer device itself, which requires a light and flexible function, and does not have a built-in power supply, and causes data transmission, transfer and other functions to be unmaintainable. It has become a technical problem that cannot be solved in the prior art.
  • the data switching device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be connected to the first external device by using the first interface, and receives the electrical energy input from the outside by using the power input pin in the first interface. That is, the data switching device of the embodiment of the present invention can utilize the external power source to realize power supply to itself, maintain the data transmission function, and make the data switching device more versatile; and, since the data switching device itself does not need to have a built-in power supply The weight reduction makes the data transfer device lighter and more convenient, and increases its application range.
  • the first interface 310 further includes at least one data pin 313 for transmitting a data signal.
  • the number of such data pins is specifically determined according to actual needs.
  • the first interface 310 of the data transfer device 300 can be a common HDMI interface, a DVI interface, or a USB interface. In some embodiments of the invention, a five-wire USB interface is preferred, and a five-wire USB male interface is more preferred as the first interface 310 of the data switching device 300 of the present invention.
  • the power input pin 311 of the first interface 310 is an ID pin of the five-core USB interface
  • the power output pin 312 of the first interface 310 is a VCC pin of a five-core USB interface
  • the first interface 310 At least one of the data pins 313 is a D+ pin and/or a D- pin of a five-wire USB interface.
  • the second interface 320 is an audio interface, such as a MIC plug or a headphone plug.
  • the trigger circuit 330 includes: a triggering component 331 and a controllable switch 332; the triggering component 331 is connected in series with the second interface 320 and the controllable switch 332. Between one end, the second end of the controllable switch 332 is electrically connected to the power input pin 311 (VBAT), and the third end of the controllable switch 332 is electrically connected to the power output pin 312 (VCC); the trigger component 331 is configured To receive a trigger signal from the second interface 320, the controllable switch 332 is turned “on”.
  • the controllable switch 332 includes at least a MOS transistor (for example, an N-type MOS transistor), and the first end of the controllable switch is a gate of the MOS transistor, and the second end of the controllable switch The source of the MOS transistor, the third end of the controllable switch is the drain of the MOS transistor; the triggering component is configured to turn on the MOS transistor when receiving the trigger signal from the second interface.
  • a MOS transistor for example, an N-type MOS transistor
  • controllable switch 332 further includes a bias resistor R2 connected in series between the source and the gate of the MOS transistor.
  • FIG. 4B shows a schematic line of a portion of the trigger circuit in the data switching device 300, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Road map. Referring to FIG. 4B, the first interface of the data switching device 300 is a five-core USB interface CN2, and the second interface is a MIC plug, and the two are connected by a trigger circuit 330.
  • the trigger circuit In order not to obscure or obscure the improvement of the present invention in the data switching device 300, in an alternative embodiment in this embodiment, only the main portion of the trigger circuit is shown in FIG. 4B, and the trigger circuit may exist. The rest of the description is well known and readily implemented by those skilled in the art and will not be described herein.
  • the trigger component includes: a bias resistor R3, a resistor R1, a PNP diode Q3, and an NPN type diode Q1.
  • the base of the Q3 is connected to The second interface MIC interface
  • the emission set of Q3 is connected to the power input pin (ID pin)
  • the bias resistor R3 is connected between the emission set and the base of Q3, and the role of R3 is
  • the level of the base of Q3 is raised to VBAT, so that Q3 will not be turned on, and when the trigger signal (high level signal) is received, Q3 is turned on, and the collector of Q3 passes through R1.
  • VCC1 Connected to the base of the NPN type diode Q1, when Q3 is turned on, the level of VCC1 is VBAT, so that Q1 is turned on, the emitter of Q1 is connected to GND, and when Q1 is turned on, the gate of Q2 (P-channel MOS) The level of the pole is pulled down to a low level. At this time, Q2 is turned on.
  • the source of Q2 is connected to the power input pin (ID pin), and the external input power VBAT is received.
  • the drain of Q2 is connected to the power output pin ( VCC pin), shown as VBUS, when Q2 is on, connect the ID pin to the VCC pin, that is, VBAT is connected to VBUS.
  • the bias resistor R2 is connected in series between the source and the gate of the MOS transistor.
  • the bias resistor R2 has two functions: when no trigger signal is received, R2 pulls up the level of the gate of Q2, so that Q2 is turned off; When receiving the trigger signal, the current limit (do not directly connect VBAT to GND), and pull down the voltage to low level, so that Q2 is turned on.
  • the data switching device 300 accesses the second external device (such as a mobile phone), a high level signal (trigger signal) is received from the MIC interface, and VBAT and VBUS can be turned on, thereby enabling the data transfer device 300.
  • the corresponding external ID device of the first interface CN2 is also connected to the corresponding ID pin and the VCC pin, and the first external device can be started to supply power.
  • the present invention also provides a data interaction component including the key device 100 of the present invention and the data switching device 300 of the present invention.
  • the outer connector 120 of the key device 100 and the first interface 310 of the data switching device 300 are configured to be operatively connectable to each other such that the key device 100 functions as a data transfer device 300 connected first external device.
  • the power output pin 121 of the external interface 120 of the key device 100 and the power input pin 311 of the first interface 310 of the data switching device 300 are configured to be operably connected to each other, and the external connection of the key device 100
  • the power input pin 122 of the port 120 and the power output pin 312 of the first interface 310 of the data switching device 300 are configured to be operatively coupled to each other.
  • the data switching device usually has a built-in power supply, and the built-in power supply maintains the function of data transmission.
  • the data switching device provided by the present invention is combined with the key device to form a data interaction component, and the data conversion device is powered by the built-in power source of the key device to implement the data transmission function, so that the data conversion device does not have a built-in function.
  • the power supply can also be powered by other key devices with built-in power supplies, making the data transfer device more versatile.
  • the present invention further provides a data interaction system, comprising: the key device 100 of the present invention (as shown in FIG. 1), and the data switching device 300 of the present invention (as shown in FIG. 3). And terminal device 600.
  • the external interface 120 of the key device 100 and the first interface 310 of the data switching device 300 are configured to be operatively connectable to each other such that the key device 100 functions as a data transfer device 300 connected first external devices; one terminal interface 610 of the terminal device 600 and the second interface 320 of the data switching device 300 are configured to be operably connected to each other such that the terminal device 600 functions as a connection with the data switching device 300 The second external device.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a data interaction system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the external interface CN1 of the key device 100 is connected to the first interface CN2 of the data switching device 300, wherein the two pins having the same identification are interconnected in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • the ID pin in CN1 is connected to the anode of the built-in power source of the key device 100 or the power supply terminal VBAT, and the GND pin of CN1 is connected to the cathode of the built-in power supply or the ground GND.
  • a terminal device such as a smart phone
  • This voltage signal can turn on transistor Q3.
  • the level of VCC1 is VBAT, which makes Q1 turn on.
  • the gate of Q2 P-channel MOS
  • the level of the pole is pulled down to a low level.
  • Q2 is turned on, and when Q2 is turned on, VBUS is connected to VBAT. Since VBUS is connected to the VCC pin of CN2 of the data switching device 300, and this pin is now connected to the VCC pin of CN1 of the key device 100, it is possible to supply power to the key device 100 using VBUS, so that the key The device 100 is capable of data interaction with the terminal device via the data switching device 300.
  • the embodiment further provides a device startup method, which adopts the data interaction system as described above, and the connection relationship between the components is as described above, and details are not described herein again.
  • a brief description is as follows:
  • FIG. 8 shows a flow chart of a device startup method in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device startup method includes:
  • Step S801 The second interface of the data switching device receives a trigger signal from a terminal interface of the terminal device.
  • the trigger signal can be a high level voltage signal.
  • Step S802 The trigger circuit of the data switching device connects the power output pin of the first interface of the data switching device to the power input pin of the first interface according to the trigger signal received by the second interface, so as to activate at least the key device. working.
  • the data switching device of the present invention is combined with the key device to form a data interaction component, and receives a trigger signal from the terminal device by using the data switching device, triggering the power output pin of the first interface to be connected to the power input pin, thereby externally supplying power To at least activate the key device to work, providing a basis for subsequent key devices to power other external devices (including data transfer devices).
  • the data switching device is configured to communicate the power output pin and the power input pin of the first interface after the second interface receives the trigger signal, so that in the device starting method according to the present invention, only the entire system is properly connected and The key device starts to work after the corresponding external device is started, which effectively reduces the unnecessary power consumption of the key device's built-in power supply, and significantly prolongs the use time of the key device's built-in power supply for one replacement or charging.
  • FIG. 9 shows a flow chart of another device startup method in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device startup method includes:
  • Step S901 The power output pin of the external connection port of the key device is connected to the built-in power source of the key device, and outputs power to the power input pin of the data switching device to provide power for at least the data switching device.
  • Step S902 The second interface of the data switching device receives the trigger signal from the terminal interface of the terminal device, and connects the power output pin of the first interface of the data switching device to the data switching device according to the trigger signal received by the second interface.
  • the power input pin of the first interface is such that the power input pin of the first interface of the key device is connected to the power output pin of the first interface of the key device to start the internal power supply to start powering the key device.
  • the trigger signal can be a high level voltage signal.
  • the data switching device of the present invention is combined with a key device to form a data interaction component, and the data conversion device is powered by the built-in power source of the key device to implement a data transmission function, so that the data conversion device does not have a built-in power supply, It can be powered by other key devices with built-in power supplies, making the data transfer device more versatile.

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Abstract

一种密钥设备（100）、数据转接装置（300）、数据交互组件、数据交互系统及设备启动方法。密钥设备（100）包括内置电源（110）和外连接口（120），其中外连接口（120）包括：电能输出引脚（121），配置为与内置电源（110）连通，以向外输出电能；和电能输入引脚（122），配置为由外部控制与电能输出引脚（121）连通，以启动内置电源（110）开始为密钥设备（100）供电。数据转接装置（300）被相应设置以配合密钥设备（100）进行工作，从而基于该密钥设备（100）和数据转接装置（300）提供了相应的数据交互组件、数据交互系统和设备启动方法。

Description

密钥设备、数据转接装置、组件和系统及设备启动方法 技术领域
本发明涉及数据安全领域，特别是涉及密钥设备、数据转接装置，数据交互组件、数据交互系统和设备启动方法。
背景技术
网络技术日益发达的今天，网上银行、网络支付等已经成为人们目前常用的操作。相应地，支付安全等数字安全行为的保障已经成为人们最关注的事情之一。
因网络的开放性和广泛性，用户的数据安全可能会受到黑客、假网站、木马病毒等各种风险的威胁。为解决这些威胁，现有技术提供了密钥设备来保护用户的数据安全。在各种密钥设备中，USBkey(常称为U盾或优Key等)目前应用较为广泛。
USBkey通常需要供电才能工作。现有的USBkey供电方式包括外部供电方式和自供电方式。现有的USBkey外部供电方式是通过USB线缆从相连进行数据交互的外部设备获取工作电能，这是现有USBkey最为常见的供电方式，其可在外部设备正常工作时为USBkey自动供电，自动启动USBkey进行工作。在这样的USBkey上，通常不需要设置任何手动启动开关，USBkey的结构设计简单，用户使用方便。与之不同，现有USBKey的自供电方式是在USBKey本身中内置电源(例如某种适当的电池)。这种具有内置电源的USBKey通常需要例如操作设置在USBKey上的手动开关来启动内置电源直接向USBKey中的用电部件供电，使USBKey开始工作，其结构设计相对而言较为复杂，用户使用也不够方便。
而且，现有的USBkey一般是通过标准的USB线缆(其两端的连接接口可为标准的相同USB接口类型或不同的USB接口类型)与外部设备相连，按USB通讯协议与该外部设备进行数据交互。然而，某些外部设备上并不具有标准的USB接口，或者在某些特殊的应用情形中，并不方便使用外部设备的USB接口。例如，用智能手机等便携式终端作为与USBkey进行数据交互的外部设备时，利用标准USB线缆进行连接可能就不够方便。可以说，这种连接方式上的限制当前已严重影响了USBKey的应用范围和市场推广，甚至成为很多用户即使在办理重要的金融业务时也不选择使用USBKey作为自己数据安全工具的首要原因。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的旨在解决现有技术的至少一个问题，提供一种使用方便、应用范围扩展的密钥设备、数据转接装置、数据交互组件、数据交互系统和设备启动方法。
本发明的一个进一步的目的是要使得在本发明的密钥设备、数据转接装置、数据交互组件、数据交互系统和设备启动方法中，在完成必要的线缆连接后，即可使用密钥设备中的内置电源自动对密钥设备和数据转接装置进行供电，无需用户进行特别的手动操作。
本发明的另一个进一步的目的是要使得在本发明的密钥设备、数据转接装置、数据交互组件、数据交互系统和设备启动方法中，允许利用不同类型的接口(特别是USB接口与音频接口)在密钥设备与相应外部设备间进行数据交互。
本发明的又一个进一步的目的是要使得本发明的密钥设备兼容现有同类型密钥设备的线缆连接、供电启动和数据交互方式。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种密钥设备，包括内置电源和外连接口。特别地，所述外连接口包括：
电能输出引脚，配置为与所述内置电源连通，以向外输出电能；和
电能输入引脚，配置为由外部控制与所述电能输出引脚连通，以启动所述内置电源开始为所述密钥设备供电。
可选地，所述外连接口还包括至少一个数据引脚，用于传输数据信号。
可选地，所述外连接口为五芯线USB接口；所述电能输出引脚为所述五芯线USB接口的ID引脚；所述电能输入引脚为所述五芯线USB接口的VCC引脚；且所述外连接口的至少一个数据引脚为所述五芯线USB接口的D+引脚和/或D-引脚。
可选地，所述外连接口为五芯线USB母座接口。
根据本发明的第二方面，提供了一种数据转接装置，包括用于连接第一外部设备的第一接口、用于连接第二外部设备的第二接口。特别地，
所述数据转接装置还包括：连接在所述第一接口和所述第二接口之间的触发电路，配置为在所述第二接口从所述第二外部设备接收触发信号时，将所述第一接口的电能输出引脚连接到所述第一接口的电能输入引脚；
所述第一接口包括：
电能输入引脚，配置为从所述第一外部设备输入电能，以至少为所述数据转接装置的工作提供电能；和
电能输出引脚，配置为受控地连通到所述电能输入引脚；
可选地，所述触发电路包括：触发部件和可控开关；
所述触发部件串联在所述第二接口与所述可控开关的第一端之间，所述可控开关的第二端与所述电能输入引脚电连接，所述可控开关的第三端与所述电能输出引脚电连接；
所述触发部件，配置为在从所述第二接口接收到触发信号时，将所述可控开关的第二端与第三端导通。
可选地，所述可控开关至少包括MOS管，所述开控开关的第一端为所述MOS管的栅极，所述可控开关的第二端为所述MOS管的源极，所述可控开关的第三端为所述MOS管的漏极；
所述触发部件，配置为在所述第二接口接收到触发信号时，将所述MOS管导通。
可选地，所述可控开关还包括偏置电阻，所述偏置电阻串联在所述MOS管的源极和栅极之间。
可选地，所述第一接口还包括至少一个数据引脚，用于传输数据信号。
可选地，所述第一接口为五芯线USB接口；所述第一接口的电能输入引脚为所述五芯线USB接口的ID引脚；所述第一接口的电能输出引脚为所述五芯线USB接口的VCC引脚； 所述第一接口的至少一个数据引脚为所述五芯线USB接口的D+引脚和/或D-引脚。
可选地，所述第一接口为五芯线USB公座接口。
可选地，所述第二接口为音频接口。
根据本发明的第三方面，提供了一种数据交互组件，包括：
根据本发明第一方面的任一密钥设备；和
根据本发明第二方面的任一数据转接装置，其中所述密钥设备的外连接口与所述数据转接装置的第一接口配置成能够可操作地彼此连接，从而使得所述密钥设备用作与所述数据转接装置连接的第一外部设备；
其中，所述密钥设备的外连接口的电能输出引脚与所述数据转接装置的第一接口的电能输入引脚配置成能够可操作地彼此连接，所述密钥设备的外连接口的电能输入引脚与所述数据转接装置的第一接口的电能输出引脚配置成能够可操作地彼此连接。
可选地，所述第一外部设备为根据本发明第一方面的任一密钥设备；和/或所述第二外部设备包括桌面计算机、膝上计算机、智能移动通讯终端和个人数字助理。
根据本发明的第四方面，提供了一种数据交互系统，包括：
根据本发明第一方面的任一密钥设备；
根据本发明第二方面的任一数据转接装置，其中所述密钥设备的外连接口与所述数据转接装置的第一接口配置成能够可操作地彼此连接，从而使得所述密钥设备用作与所述数据转接装置连接的第一外部设备；和
终端设备，其中所述终端设备的一个终端接口与所述数据转接装置的第二接口配置成能够可操作地彼此连接，从而使得所述终端设备用作与所述数据转接装置连接的第二外部设备。
根据本发明的第五方面，提供了一种用于本发明第四方面数据交互系统的设备启动方法，包括：
所述数据转接装置的第二接口从所述终端设备的所述终端接口接收触发信号；以及
所述数据转接装置的触发电路根据所述第二接口接收的触发信号，将所述数据转接装置的第一接口的电能输出引脚连通到所述第一接口的电能输入引脚，以至少启动所述密钥设备进行工作。
根据本发明的第六方面，提供了另一种用于本发明第四方面数据交互系统的设备启动方法，包括：
所述密钥设备的外连接口的电能输出引脚与所述密钥设备的所述内置电源连通，向所述数据转接装置的电能输入引脚输出电能，以至少为所述数据转接装置提供电能；
所述数据转接装置的第二接口从所述终端设备的所述终端接口接收触发信号，根据所述第二接口接收的触发信号，将所述数据转接装置的所述第一接口的电能输出引脚连通到所述数据转接装置的所述第一接口的电能输入引脚，以使得所述密钥设备的所述第一接口的电能输入引脚连通到所述密钥设备的所述第一接口的电能输出引脚，以启动所述内置电源开始为所述密钥设备供电。
在根据本发明第一方面的实施例中，由于密钥设备具有内置电源，且其外连接口特别 地设置为包括向外提供电能的电能输出引脚和由外部控制与电能输出引脚连通的电能输入引脚，电能输入引脚与电能输出引脚连通以启动内置电源开始为密钥设备供电，从而允许本发明的密钥设备经由适当的数据转接装置连接时能够自动地对密钥设备和数据转接装置进行供电，无需用户进行特别的手动操作即可方便地进行数据交互。
在根据本发明第二方面的实施例中，由于数据转接装置的第一接口特别地设置为包括从第一外部设备输入电能的电能输入引脚和根据触发电路经第二接口从第二外部设备接收的触发信号受控地连通电能输入引脚的电能输出引脚，使其能够很好地配合根据本发明第一方面的密钥设备进行工作。
进一步地，在根据本发明第二方面的一些实施例中，数据转接装置配置成在所述第二接口接收到触发信号后才连通其第一接口的电能输出引脚和电能输入引脚，使得在根据本发明的数据交互系统中，仅在整个系统正确连接且相应的外部设备启动后才会启动密钥设备开始工作，这有效地降低了对密钥设备内置电源的不必要功率消耗，显著延长了密钥设备内置电源一次更换或充电的使用时间。
进一步地，在根据本发明第二方面的一些实施例中，数据转接装置的第二接口的类型可与第一接口的类型不同，且在其中可根据相应的接口要求设置适当的触发电路进行数据信号转换，例如USB接口所要求的数据信号与MIC插头所要求的音频信号之间的相互转换，这大大提高了本发明密钥设备与其他外部设备相连的灵活性，显著扩展了本发明密钥设备的应用范围。
根据下文结合附图对本发明具体实施例的详细描述，本领域技术人员将会更加明了本发明的上述以及其他目的、优点和特征。
附图说明
后文将参照附图并以示例性而非限制性的方式对本发明的一些具体实施例进行详细描述。附图中相同的附图标记标示了相同或类似的部件或部分。具体地，附图中：
图1示出了根据本发明一个实施例的密钥设备的示意性方框图；
图2示出了根据本发明一个实施例的密钥设备外连接口的示意性引脚图；
图3示出了根据本发明一个实施例的数据转接装置的示意性方框图；
图4A示出了根据本发明一个实施例的数据转接装置内一部分触发电路的示意性方框图；
图4B示出了根据本发明一个实施例的数据转接装置内一部分触发电路的示意性线路图；
图5示出了根据本发明一个实施例的数据交互组件的示意性方框图；
图6示出了根据本发明一个实施例的数据交互系统的示意性方框图；
图7示出了根据本发明一个实施例的数据交互系统的示意性线路图；
图8示出了根据本发明一个实施例的设备启动方法的流程图；以及
图9示出了根据本发明一个实施例的另一种设备启动方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了根据本发明一个实施例的密钥设备100的示意性方框图。这样的密钥设备100例如可以是用于存储用户数字安全证书和用户私钥的USBkey，其一般性地可包括内置电源110和外连接口120等。其中，内置电源110用于提供电能，外连接口120用于与其他外部设备连接。密钥设备100内部还可以包括能够实现密钥提供功能的具体电路，可能存在的具体电路部分是本领域技术人员公知且容易实现的，本文对其不予赘述。
特别地，在本发明的实施例中，外连接口120配置为至少包括两个引脚，即：电能输出引脚121和电能输入引脚122。电能输出引脚121配置为与内置电源110连通，以向外提供电能。电能输入引脚122配置为由外部控制与电能输出引脚121连通，以启动内置电源110开始为密钥设备100供电。
在本发明实施例中，由于密钥设备具有内置电源，且其外连接口特别地设置为包括向外提供电能的电能输出引脚和由外部控制与电能输出引脚连通的电能输入引脚，电能输入引脚与电能输出引脚连通以启动内置电源开始为密钥设备供电，从而允许本发明的密钥设备经由适当的数据转接装置连接时能够自动地对密钥设备和数据转接装置进行供电，无需用户进行特别的手动操作即可方便地进行数据交互。
在一个实施例中，参见图1，外连接口120还包括至少一个用于传输数据信号的数据引脚123。由于密钥设备100通常用于为支付操作提供身份验证所需的数字密钥，数据引脚123优选配置成用于传输数字信号。若密钥设备100能够提供其他类型的密钥，则数据引脚123也可配置成传输其他相应类型的信号(例如载有数据信息的某种形式的模拟信号，如音频信号)。
图1中为了示意性地表示外连接口120中包括有数据引脚，仅仅示出了一个数据引脚123，然而本领域技术人员均可认识到，在实际应用中，可根据实际需要，例如根据所用通信协议或接口标准的要求，具体设置数据引脚的数量。
外连接口120可以是常见的HDMI接口、DVI接口或USB接口。在本发明的一些实施例中，如图2所示，优选采用五芯线USB接口，更优选地是采用五芯线USB母座接口作为本发明密钥设备100的外连接口120。常见的五芯线USB接口例如包括mini USB接口、Micro USB接口等，其引脚包括VCC引脚、D+引脚、D-引脚、ID引脚和GND引脚。特别地，在本发明中这些实施例中，外连接口120的电能输出引脚121为该五芯线USB接口的ID引脚，外连接口的电能输入引脚122为五芯线USB接口的VCC引脚，外连接口120的至少一个数据引脚123为五芯线USB接口的D+引脚和/或D-引脚。
相应地，本发明还提供了一种数据转接装置300，可用于配合上述密钥设备100使用。参见图3，该数据转接装置300包括第一接口310、第二接口320和触发电路330，其中第一接口310用于连接第一外部设备，第二接口320用于连接第二外部设备，触发电路330连接在第一接口310和第二接口320之间，特别地，在本发明的实施例中，数据转接装置300的第一接口310至少包括电能输入引脚311和电能输出引脚312。其中，触发电路330至少用于在第二接口320从第二外部设备接收触发信号时，将第一接口310的电能输出引脚311连通到第一接口310的电能输入引脚312。在本发明的一些实施例中，第一外部设 备可以是前文所述根据本发明的密钥设备100，第二外部设备可以是例如桌面计算机、膝上计算机、智能移动通讯终端和个人数字助理等电子数据处理设备。特别地，在本发明的实施例中，电能输入引脚311配置为从第一外部设备输入电能，以至少为数据转接装置300的工作提供电能；电能输出引脚312配置为根据触发电路330经第二接口320接收的触发信号受控地连通到电能输入引脚311。
现有技术中，数据转接装置除具备数据传输功能外，还具备数据类型转换/转接等处理功能，因此，数据转接装置通常需要具备内置电源，利用内置电源维持数据传输、转接等功能。但对于不具备内置电源的数据转接装置，其无法维护上述功能。但是内置电源本身重量相对较重，这对于本身需要轻巧灵便的数据转接装置而言是一个较大的负担，而不具备内置电源，又会引起数据传输、转接等功能的无法维护，因此成为现有技术中无法解决的技术问题。本发明实施例提供的数据转接装置能够利用第一接口与第一外部设备连接，并利用第一接口中的电能输入引脚接收从外部输入的电能。即，本发明实施例的数据转接装置能够利用外界的电源实现对自身的供电，维护数据传输功能，使得数据转接装置更具备通用性；并且，由于数据转接装置自身不需要具备内置电源，减轻重量，使得数据转接装置更为轻巧灵便、方便使用，增加了其应用范围。
此外，第一接口310还包括至少一个数据引脚313，用于传输数据信号。如前所述，本领域技术人员均可认识到这种数据引脚的数量根据实际需要具体确定。
数据转接装置300的第一接口310可以是常见的HDMI接口、DVI接口或USB接口。在本发明的一些实施例中，优选采用五芯线USB接口，更优选地是采用五芯线USB公座接口作为本发明数据转接装置300的第一接口310。
特别地，第一接口310的电能输入引脚311为该五芯线USB接口的ID引脚，第一接口310的电能输出引脚312为五芯线USB接口的VCC引脚，第一接口310的至少一个数据引脚313为五芯线USB接口的D+引脚和/或D-引脚。
在一个优选实施例中，第二接口320为音频接口，例如MIC插头或耳机插头。
图4A示出了根据本发明一个实施例的数据转接装置300内一部分触发电路的示意性方框图。在本实施例中的一种可选实施方式中，如图4A所示，触发电路330包括：触发部件331和可控开关332；触发部件331串联在第二接口320与可控开关332的第一端之间，可控开关332的第二端与电能输入引脚311(VBAT)电连接，可控开关332的第三端与电能输出引脚312(VCC)电连接；触发部件331，配置为在从第二接口320接收到触发信号时，将可控开关332导通。
在具体实施时，作为一种可选的方式，可控开关332至少包括MOS管(例如N型MOS管)，可控开关的第一端为MOS管的栅极，可控开关的第二端为MOS管的源极，可控开关的第三端为MOS管的漏极；触发部件，配置为在从第二接口接收到触发信号时，将MOS管导通。
此外，可控开关332还包括偏置电阻R2，偏置电阻R2串联在MOS管的源极和栅极之间。
图4B示出了根据本发明一个实施例的数据转接装置300内一部分触发电路的示意性线 路图。参见图4B，该数据转接装置300的第一接口为五芯线USB接口CN2，第二接口为MIC插头，两者之间由触发电路330连接。为了不模糊或掩盖本发明在数据转接装置300中的改进，在本实施例中的一种可选实施方式中，图4B中仅示出了该触发电路的主要部分，触发电路中可能存在的其余部分是本领域技术人员公知且容易实现的，本文对其不予赘述。
在本实施例中的一种可选实施方式中，如图4B所示，触发部件包括：偏置电阻R3、电阻R1，PNP型二极管Q3和NPN型二级管Q1，Q3的基极连接至第二接口MIC接口，Q3的发射集连接至电能输入引脚(ID引脚)，接收外部输入的电能VBAT，在Q3的发射集与基极之间连接有偏置电阻R3，R3的作用是在没有触发信号时，将Q3基极的电平拉高至VBAT，使得Q3不会导通，而当接收到触发信号(高电平信号)时，使得Q3导通，Q3的集电极通过R1连接至NPN型二极管Q1的基极，在Q3导通时，VCC1的电平为VBAT，使得Q1导通，Q1的发射集接GND，在Q1导通时，Q2(P沟道MOS)的栅极的电平被下拉为低电平，此时，Q2导通，Q2的源极连接电能输入引脚(ID引脚)，接收外部输入的电能VBAT，Q2的漏极连接电能输出引脚(VCC引脚)，图示VBUS，当Q2导通时，将ID引脚和VCC引脚连通，即VBAT与VBUS连通。偏置电阻R2串联在MOS管的源极和栅极之间，偏置电阻R2有两个作用：在没有接收到触发信号时，R2将Q2的栅极的电平上拉，使得Q2截止；在接收到触发信号时，限流(不会直接将VBAT与GND连接)，同时下拉电压至低电平，使得Q2导通。由此，数据转接装置300接入第二外部设备(如手机)时，从MIC接口接收到高电平信号(触发信号)，将VBAT和VBUS可以导通，从而使得与数据转接装置300的第一接口CN2连接的第一外部设备的相应ID引脚和VCC引脚也连通，第一外部设备可以被开始供电工作。
如图5所示，本发明还提供了一种数据交互组件，其包括本发明的密钥设备100和本发明的数据转接装置300。在这样的数据交互组件中，密钥设备100的外连接口120与数据转接装置300的第一接口310配置成能够可操作地彼此连接，从而使得密钥设备100用作与数据转接装置300连接的第一外部设备。其中，密钥设备100的外连接口120的电能输出引脚121与数据转接装置300的第一接口310的电能输入引脚311配置成能够可操作地彼此连接，密钥设备100的外连接口120的电能输入引脚122与数据转接装置300的第一接口310的电能输出引脚312配置成能够可操作地彼此连接。
现有技术中，数据转接装置通常具备内置电源，利用内置电源维持数据传输的功能。但对于不具备内置电源的数据转接装置，其无法维护数据传输功能。因此，本发明提供的数据转接装置与密钥设备组合，形成数据交互组件，利用密钥设备的内置电源为数据转接装置供电，以实现数据传输功能，使得数据转接装置即使不具备内置电源，也可以利用其他具备内置电源的密钥设备为其供电，使得数据转接装置更具备通用性。
如图6所示，本发明还提供了一种数据交互系统，其包括：本发明的密钥设备100(如图1所示)、本发明的数据转接装置300(如图3所示)和终端设备600。在这样的数据交互系统中，密钥设备100的外连接口120与数据转接装置300的第一接口310配置成能够可操作地彼此连接，从而使得密钥设备100用作与数据转接装置300连接的第一外部设备；终端设备600的一个终端接口610与数据转接装置300的第二接口320配置成能够可操作地彼此连接，从而使得终端设备600用作与数据转接装置300连接的第二外部设备。
本发明的一个进一步的目的是要使得在本发明的数据交互系统中，在完成必要的线缆连接后，即可使用密钥设备中的内置电源自动对密钥设备和数据转接装置进行供电，无需用户进行特别的手动操作，使用方便，应用范围较广。
图7示出了根据本发明一个实施例的数据交互系统的示意性线路图。密钥设备100的外连接口CN1与数据转接装置300的第一接口CN2相连，其中两者具有相同标识的引脚一一对应地互连。CN1中的ID引脚与密钥设备100内置电源的阳极或供电端VBAT连接，CN1中的GND引脚与内置电源的阴极或接地端GND连接。数据转接装置300的第二接口(图中示为MIC插头)插入终端设备(例如智能手机)时，会从终端设备可接收到电压信号。这一电压信号(高电平信号)可使三极管Q3导通，在Q3导通时，VCC1的电平为VBAT，使得Q1导通，在Q1导通时，Q2(P沟道MOS)的栅极的电平被下拉为低电平，此时，Q2导通，当Q2导通时，VBUS与VBAT连通。因VBUS连接到数据转接装置300的CN2的VCC引脚，而且该引脚此时与密钥设备100的CN1的VCC引脚连接，因此能够利用VBUS向密钥设备100提供电能，使得密钥设备100能够经由数据转接装置300与终端设备间进行数据交互。
如图8和图9所示，本实施例还提供一种设备启动方法，采用如上所述的数据交互系统，各个部件之间的连接关系如上所述，在此不再赘述，仅对方法流程进行简要说明如下：
图8示出了根据本发明一个实施例的设备启动方法的流程图。该设备启动方法包括：
步骤S801、数据转接装置的第二接口从终端设备的终端接口接收触发信号；
其中，作为一种可选的方式，触发信号可以是一种高电平的电压信号。
步骤S802、数据转接装置的触发电路根据第二接口接收的触发信号，将数据转接装置的第一接口的电能输出引脚连通到第一接口的电能输入引脚，以至少启动密钥设备进行工作。
本发明的数据转接装置与密钥设备组合，形成数据交互组件，利用数据转接装置接收来自终端设备的触发信号，触发第一接口的电能输出引脚连通到电能输入引脚，从而对外供电，以至少启动密钥设备工作，为后续密钥设备为其他外部设备(包括数据转接装置)供电提供了基础。数据转接装置配置成在第二接口接收到触发信号后才连通其第一接口的电能输出引脚和电能输入引脚，使得在根据本发明的设备启动方法中，仅在整个系统正确连接且相应的外部设备启动后才会启动密钥设备开始工作，这有效地降低了对密钥设备内置电源的不必要功率消耗，显著延长了密钥设备内置电源一次更换或充电的使用时间。
图9示出了根据本发明一个实施例的另一个设备启动方法的流程图。该设备启动方法包括：
步骤S901、密钥设备的外连接口的电能输出引脚与密钥设备的内置电源连通，向数据转接装置的电能输入引脚输出电能，以至少为数据转接装置提供电能；
步骤S902、数据转接装置的第二接口从终端设备的终端接口接收触发信号；根据第二接口接收的触发信号，将数据转接装置的第一接口的电能输出引脚连通到数据转接装置的第一接口的电能输入引脚，以使得密钥设备的第一接口的电能输入引脚连通到密钥设备的第一接口的电能输出引脚，以启动内置电源开始为密钥设备供电。
其中，作为一种可选的方式，触发信号可以是一种高电平的电压信号。
本发明的数据转接装置与密钥设备组合，形成数据交互组件，利用密钥设备的内置电源为数据转接装置供电，以实现数据传输功能，使得数据转接装置即使不具备内置电源，也可以利用其他具备内置电源的密钥设备为其供电，使得数据转接装置更具备通用性。
至此，本领域技术人员应认识到，虽然本文已详尽示出和描述了本发明的多个示例性实施例，但是，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的情况下，仍可根据本发明公开的内容直接确定或推导出符合本发明原理的许多其他变型或修改。因此，本发明的范围应被理解和认定为覆盖了所有这些其他变型或修改。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种密钥设备，包括内置电源和外连接口，其特征在于，所述外连接口包括：
    电能输出引脚，配置为与所述内置电源连通，以向外输出电能；和
    电能输入引脚，配置为由外部控制与所述电能输出引脚连通，以启动所述内置电源开始为所述密钥设备供电。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的密钥设备，其特征在于，
    所述外连接口还包括至少一个数据引脚，用于传输数据信号。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的密钥设备，其特征在于，
    所述外连接口为五芯线USB接口；
    所述电能输出引脚为所述五芯线USB接口的ID引脚；
    所述电能输入引脚为所述五芯线USB接口的VCC引脚；且
    所述外连接口的至少一个数据引脚为所述五芯线USB接口的D+引脚和/或D-引脚。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的密钥设备，其特征在于，
    所述外连接口为五芯线USB母座接口。
  5. 一种数据转接装置，包括用于连接第一外部设备的第一接口、用于连接第二外部设备的第二接口，其特征在于，
    所述数据转接装置还包括：连接在所述第一接口和所述第二接口之间的触发电路，配置为在所述第二接口从所述第二外部设备接收到触发信号时，将所述第一接口的电能输出引脚连通到所述第一接口的电能输入引脚；
    所述第一接口包括：
    电能输入引脚，配置为从所述第一外部设备输入电能，以至少为所述数据转接装置的工作提供电能；和
    电能输出引脚，配置为根据所述触发信号受控地连通到所述电能输入引脚。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的数据转接装置，其特征在于，
    所述触发电路包括：触发部件和可控开关；
    所述触发部件串联在所述第二接口与所述可控开关的第一端之间，所述可控开关的第二端与所述电能输入引脚电连接，所述可控开关的第三端与所述电能输出引脚电连接；
    所述触发部件，配置为在所述第二接口从所述第二外部设备接收到触发信号时，将所述可控开关的第二端与第三端连通。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的数据转接装置，其特征在于，
    所述可控开关至少包括MOS管，所述可控开关的第一端为所述MOS管的栅极，所述可控开关的第二端为所述MOS管的源极，所述可控开关的第三端为所述MOS管的漏极；
    所述触发部件，配置为在从所述第二接口接收到触发信号时，将所述MOS管导通。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的数据转接装置，其特征在于，
    所述可控开关还包括偏置电阻，所述偏置电阻串联在所述MOS管的源极和栅极之间。
  9. 根据权利要求5-8任一项所述的数据转接装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一接口还包括至少一个数据引脚，用于传输数据信号。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的数据转接装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一接口为五芯线USB接口；
    所述第一接口的电能输入引脚为所述五芯线USB接口的ID引脚；
    所述第一接口的电能输出引脚为所述五芯线USB接口的VCC引脚；
    所述第一接口的至少一个数据引脚为所述五芯线USB接口的D+引脚和/或D-引脚。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的数据转接装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一接口为五芯线USB公座接口。
  12. 根据权利要求5至11任一项所述的数据转接装置，其特征在于，
    所述第二接口为音频接口。
  13. 一种数据交互组件，其特征在于，包括：
    权利要求1至4任一项所述的密钥设备；和
    权利要求5至12任一项所述的数据转接装置，其中所述密钥设备的外连接口与所述数据转接装置的第一接口配置成能够可操作地彼此连接，所述密钥设备用作与所述数据转接装置连接的第一外部设备；
    其中，所述密钥设备的外连接口的电能输出引脚与所述数据转接装置的第一接口的电能输入引脚配置成能够可操作地彼此连接，所述密钥设备的外连接口的电能输入引脚与所述数据转接装置的第一接口的电能输出引脚配置成能够可操作地彼此连接。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的数据交互组件，其特征在于，
    所述第二外部设备包括桌面计算机、膝上计算机、智能移动通讯终端和个人数字助理。
  15. 一种数据交互系统，其特征在于包括：
    权利要求1至4任一项所述的密钥设备；
    权利要求5至12任一项所述的数据转接装置，其中所述密钥设备的外连接口与所述数据转接装置的第一接口配置成能够可操作地彼此连接，从而使得所述密钥设备用作与所述数据转接装置连接的第一外部设备；和
    终端设备，其中所述终端设备的一个终端接口与所述数据转接装置的第二接口配置成能够可操作地彼此连接，从而使得所述终端设备用作与所述数据转接装置连接的第二外部设备。
  16. 一种用于权利要求15所述的数据交互系统的设备启动方法，其特征在于，包括：
    所述数据转接装置的第二接口从所述终端设备的所述终端接口接收触发信号；以及
    所述数据转接装置的触发电路根据所述第二接口接收的触发信号，将所述数据转接装置的第一接口的电能输出引脚连通到所述第一接口的电能输入引脚，以至少启动所述密钥设备进行工作。
  17. 一种用于权利要求15所述的数据交互系统的设备启动方法，其特征在于，包括：
    所述密钥设备的外连接口的电能输出引脚与所述密钥设备的所述内置电源连通，向所述数据转接装置的电能输入引脚输出电能，以至少为所述数据转接装置提供电能；
    所述数据转接装置的第二接口从所述终端设备的所述终端接口接收触发信号，根据所 述第二接口接收的触发信号，将所述数据转接装置的所述第一接口的电能输出引脚连通到所述数据转接装置的所述第一接口的电能输入引脚，以使得所述密钥设备的所述外连接口的电能输入引脚连通到所述密钥设备的所述外连接口的电能输出引脚，以启动所述内置电源开始为所述密钥设备供电。
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