WO2016131604A1

WO2016131604A1 - High voltage system

Info

Publication number: WO2016131604A1
Application number: PCT/EP2016/051289
Authority: WO
Inventors: Josef Pömmerl
Original assignee: Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 2015-02-16
Filing date: 2016-01-22
Publication date: 2016-08-25
Also published as: DE102015202753A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a high voltage system (1), in particular for a motor vehicle that can be electrically driven, having at least one high voltage battery (2), at least one distributor (5) electrically connected to the high voltage battery (2), and at least one auxiliary unit (10) electrically connected to the distributor (5). In order to provide a high voltage system (1) which can be can be produced and operated more cost-effectively, according to the invention the electrical auxiliary unit (10) is electrically connected to the distributor (5) via at least one high voltage fuse (8).

Description

High-voltage system

description

The invention relates to a high-voltage system, in particular for an electrically driven motor vehicle, comprising at least one high-voltage accumulator, at least one distributor electrically connected to the high-voltage accumulator and at least one electrical ancillary unit electrically connected to the distributor.

In an electrically driven motor vehicle, in particular electric vehicle or hybrid electric vehicle, a high-voltage system is used, which includes a high-voltage storage, with an electric drive device (main unit) and other electrical loads (ancillaries) of the motor vehicle with electrical energy versorg bar.

It is known to electrically connect the electrical ancillaries of a high-voltage system via a distributor, which can also serve as a charging unit, with the high-voltage accumulator of the high-voltage system. Furthermore, it is known to provide the high-voltage accumulator in total or subcomponents of the high-voltage accumulator each with a high-voltage fuse. If there is a short circuit or other fault within the high-voltage system, which has an overcurrent result, the fusible element of the respective high-voltage fuse is heated so much by the overcurrent flowing through it that it melts. As a result, the distributor and thereby the electrical ancillaries of the high-voltage system are electrically from the High-voltage storage separated and thus protected from damage. Conventionally, several strands of electrical ancillaries are thus secured by means of a single high-voltage fuse arranged on the high-voltage accumulator. The object of the invention is to provide a high-voltage system that is less expensive to manufacture and operate.

This object is solved by the independent claim. Advantageous embodiments are set forth in the dependent claims, each of which taken alone or in various combinations with each other may constitute an aspect of the invention.

The high-voltage system according to the invention, in particular for an electrically driven motor vehicle, comprises at least one high-voltage accumulator, at least one distributor electrically connected to the high-voltage accumulator and at least one electrical ancillary unit electrically connected to the distributor, the electrical ancillary unit being electrically connected to the distributor via at least one high-voltage fuse.

According to the invention, each electrical ancillary unit can be electrically connected to the distributor via a separate high-voltage fuse and, with this, to the high-voltage accumulator. It is not, as is conventional, all electrically connected to the distributor electrical ancillaries connected via a single high-voltage storage device arranged on the high-voltage storage with the high-voltage storage. Therefore, according to the invention, a high-voltage melting fuse arranged on the high-voltage accumulator can be dispensed with.

Conventionally, after occurrence of a short circuit or other failure within a high-voltage system, the overcurrent and thus a melting of the fusible conductor of the Hochvoltspeicher or arranged on a subcomponent of the high-voltage storage high-voltage fuse has the consequence, the high-voltage storage or the respective subcomponent of the high-voltage storage are replaced together with the triggered high-voltage fuse. Due to the high-voltage safety to be maintained, it is usually not possible conventionally to replace only the high-voltage fuse which is arranged on the high-voltage accumulator or the subcomponent of the high-voltage accumulator. The replacement of the high-voltage accumulator or the sub-component of the high-voltage accumulator results in high repair costs, which increases the operating costs of a conventional high-voltage system.

In the high-voltage system according to the invention no correspondingly complex and costly fuses replacement is required. All that needs to be done is to replace the respective high-voltage fuse without at the same time having to replace an electrical component of the high-voltage system which has the high-voltage fuse. A fuse change is possible in the high-voltage system according to the invention in case of service with respect to the life of electrical components of the high-voltage system and compliance with the high-voltage safety without risk.

The use of a high-voltage system according to the invention also prevents damage to the image of a user equipped with the high-voltage system object, such as a motor vehicle because it is incomprehensible to the user that in the presence of a defective, relatively inexpensive high-voltage fuse a significantly higher price electrical component of the high-voltage system to be replaced got to.

Conventionally, all electrical consumers of a high-voltage system leading electrical reasons must Auxiliary unit lines always have the same or a larger cross section than one of the high-voltage storage to the distributor leading electrical line to which the high-voltage fuse is arranged. This is the case in particular because the high-voltage fuse is thermally triggered and must therefore always be designed for the smallest line cross-section. Due to the conventionally required use of accessory lines with a relatively large line cross-section arise on the line set side of a conventional high-voltage system both high costs and an increase in weight. In comparison, in the high-voltage system according to the invention, the ancillary line leading from the distributor to the electrical ancillary units can have a smaller line cross-section, which is accompanied by an advantageous weight reduction of the line set of the high-voltage system according to the invention. This is also associated with a reduction of manufacturing costs of the high-voltage system according to the invention.

The high-voltage system according to the invention may in each case also have a corresponding high-voltage fuse for two or more, in particular, all, with the distributor to be electrically connected to ancillary equipment.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the Hochvoltschmelzsicherung is arranged in a structural unit, which is connectable via a first connector with distributor and a second connector with a high-voltage cable, which is electrically connected to the electrical load. The high-voltage fuse can be arranged in a separate housing part of the assembly. The assembly may be formed such that it is for forming the first connector and / or the second connector between a conventionally formed connector which is connected to the high-voltage cable, and a conventionally formed socket can be mounted or plugged into the manifold. For this purpose, a plug socket which can be connected to the plug and a plug which can be connected to the plug connector on the distributor are formed on the module. By this design of the unit already existing plugs, which are each connected to a high-voltage cable, and existing sockets can be used on the manifold to form the first connector and the second connector so that these components must not be costly modified and redeveloped. The design of the unit allows a cost-effective and easy retrofitting of existing high-voltage systems. Alternatively, the plugs and sockets of the first connector and / or the second connector may have a non-conventional special design. If a fuse change is required, this can be done by replacing the respective unit, which is possible easily and at low cost. Through the assembly line sections of the auxiliary power lines HV + and HV- can be performed, the high-voltage fuse is integrated into the auxiliary unit line HV +. The assembly is designed such that it meets the given technical requirements for electrical plug-in systems, for example with regard to compliance with electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), tightness, current carrying capacity, high-voltage safety and the like. In principle, a corresponding unit can also be used in the low-voltage range. As a rule, an EMC shielding is usually required in the high-voltage range, which can be dispensed with in the low-voltage range.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the first connector and the second connector are each individualized via at least one physical feature and / or at least one electrical feature. This can be a necessary Mutual exchange security can be ensured. The individualization of the respective connector allows a one-to-one assignment of the respective connector of the connector to the respective socket of the connector. As a physical feature, the plug and associated receptacle may have, for example, cooperating complementary structures or the like. About an individualizing physical feature of a connector is a hardware coding of the connector. About an individualizing electrical feature of a connector can be a software coding of the connector.

Advantageously, runs through the assembly, a line section of at least one signal line to which at least one electrical resistance is connected in parallel, wherein the first connector and the second connector are individualized via the electrical resistance and its electrical properties. As a result, a software coding of the first connector or the second connector can be done. The electrical resistance can be a variable resistor. The ohmic resistance of the electrical resistance can be adjusted or evaluated for individualization of the first connector and the second connector with predetermined resistance values. If a module was connected incorrectly, an associated error message can be generated or it is prevented starting, for example, a suitably equipped motor vehicle. By the unit, a line section of a signal line (diagnosis line) Diag + and a line section of a signal line (diagnosis line) Diag- run. Compared to an individualization of the first connector and the second connector via a physical feature is the individualization of these connectors via an electrical Feature associated with the advantage that no modification of a connector connected to an accessory line and a socket of the distributor must be made. As a result, the high-voltage system is cheaper and in particular by a simple retrofitting of a conventional high-voltage system with a certain number of units manufactured.

A further advantageous embodiment provides that the high-voltage system has at least one fixing means with which the assembly is fixable to the manifold. As a result, the unit is securely fixed to the distributor even with strong vibrations, for example during a driving operation of a motor vehicle. This prevents inadvertent release of the connection between the assembly and the manifold. The fixing means may comprise at least one screw connection or the like. Further details, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description and the figures. Show it:

Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a conventional

High-voltage system;

Figure 2 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a high-voltage system according to the invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic and perspective view of a

Assembly of another embodiment of a high-voltage system according to the invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic sectional view of a structural unit of another embodiment of a high-voltage system according to the invention, and Figure 5 is a schematic sectional view of a structural unit of another embodiment of an inventive high-voltage system.

In the figures, functionally identical components are provided with the same reference numerals.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a conventional high-voltage system 1. The high-voltage system 1 comprises a high-voltage accumulator 2, a manifold 5 electrically connected to the high-voltage accumulator 2 via electrical leads 3 and 4, and three electrical ancillaries (not shown) electrically connected to the manifold 5 via two respective electrical ancillary assemblies 6 and 7. The high-voltage accumulator 2 comprises a high-voltage fuse 8 with a fusible conductor 9. When high-voltage fuse 8 is triggered, the distributor 5 and, as a result, the ancillary components are electrically separated from the high-voltage accumulator 2.

2 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a high-voltage system 1 according to the invention. The high-voltage system 1 comprises a high-voltage accumulator 2, a distributor 5 electrically connected to the high-voltage accumulator 2 via electrical lines 3 and 4, and three via two electrical auxiliary aggregate lines 6 and 7, respectively Each auxiliary electrical unit 10 is electrically connected to the distributor 5 via a high-voltage fuse 8 with a fusible conductor 9. At the high-voltage storage 2 no Hochvoltschmelzsicherung 8 is arranged.

Each Hochvoltschmelzsicherung 8 is arranged in a separate unit 1 1, which via a first connector 12 to the manifold 5 and a second connector 13 with the auxiliary power lines 6 and 7 and a corresponding high-voltage cable is connected, which is electrically connected to the respective electrical accessory 10. The first connector 12 and the second connector 13 are each individualized via at least one not shown physical feature and / or at least one electrical feature.

By the unit 11, a line section, not shown, extend from at least one signal line, to which at least one not shown electrical resistance is connected in parallel, wherein the first connector 12 and the second connector 13 are individualized via the electrical resistance and its electrical properties. A corresponding embodiment of a structural unit 11 can be taken from FIGS. 4 and 5 by way of example.

The high-voltage system 1 further comprises for each unit 1 1 a separate, not shown, fixing means with which the respective assembly 11 can be fixed to the manifold 5. A corresponding embodiment of a structural unit 1 1 can be seen by way of example in FIGS. 4 and 5.

An electrical auxiliary unit 10 can be designed, for example, as an electrical instantaneous water heater, as an electrical refrigerant compressor, as a unit for inductive charging or the like.

The sockets of the first connectors 12, not shown, may be realized by a pin header.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic and perspective illustration of a structural unit 11 of a further exemplary embodiment of a high-voltage system 1 according to the invention. The high-voltage system 1 can be designed in accordance with FIG. The assembly 11 has a socket 14 into which a conventional plug 15 can be inserted, via a high-voltage cable 16 with a not shown Accessory is connected. Furthermore, the assembly 1 1 comprises a plug 17, which can be inserted into a conventional socket 18 on the distributor 5.

The assembly 11 comprises a separate housing part 19, in which a Hochvoltschmelzsicherung not shown in accordance with the figures 4 and 5 is arranged. By the unit 1 1, not shown line sections of the auxiliary unit lines not shown line sections of two signal lines can extend. To one of the line sections, an electrical resistance, not shown, may be connected in parallel, as shown for example in Figure 5.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic sectional view of a structural unit 11 of a further exemplary embodiment of a high-voltage system 1 according to the invention. The high-voltage system 1 can be designed in accordance with FIG. The first connector, of which only the socket 14 of the unit 1 1 is shown, and the second connector, of which only the connector 17 of the unit 1 1 is shown, are each individualized via at least one not shown physical feature. By the unit 1 1 run a line section 20 of a signal line Diag + and a line section 21 of a signal line Diag-. Furthermore, run through the unit 1 1, a line section 22 of the auxiliary line HV +, which serves for high-voltage fuse, and a line section 23 of the auxiliary line HV- (return). The

Hochvoltschmelzsicherung 8 is disposed in the separated housing part 19 and integrated into the line section 22.

The high-voltage system 1 comprises two fixing means 24 in the form of screws, with which the assembly 11 at the not shown Distributor is fixable. For this purpose, corresponding threaded bores are arranged on the distributor.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic sectional illustration of a structural unit 11 of a further exemplary embodiment of a high-voltage system 1 according to the invention. The high-voltage system 1 can be designed in accordance with FIG. This unit 11 differs from the unit shown in Figure 4 only in that to the line section 20, an electrical resistance 25 is connected in parallel. about and about the electrical properties of the first connector, of which only the socket 14 of the unit 1 1 is shown, and the second connector, of which only the plug 17 of the assembly 11 is shown, are individualized. The first connector and the second connector are thus individualized instead of a physical feature on an electrical feature.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 high-voltage system

2 high-voltage storage

3 line

4 line

5 distributors

6 accessory line

7 accessory line

8 high-voltage fuse

9 fusible link

10 accessory

11 assembly

12 first plug connection

13 second plug connection

14 socket

15 plugs

16 high-voltage cables

17 plug

18 socket

19 housing part

20 line section

21 line section

22 line section

23 line section

24 fixative

25 resistance

Claims

claims:

1. High-voltage system (1), in particular for an electrically driven motor vehicle, comprising at least one high-voltage accumulator (2), at least one electrically connected to the high-voltage accumulator (2) distributor (5) and at least one electrically connected to the distributor (5) electrical auxiliary unit ( 10), characterized in that the elektnsche auxiliary unit

(10) via at least one high-voltage fuse (8) is electrically connected to the distributor (5).

2. High-voltage system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the high-voltage fuse (8) in a structural unit (1 1) is arranged, which via a first connector (12) with the

Distributor (5) and via a second connector (13) with a high-voltage cable (16) is connectable, which is electrically connected to the electrical auxiliary unit (10).

3. high-voltage system (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the first connector (12) and the second

Plug connection (13) are each individualized via at least one physical feature and / or at least one electrical feature.

4. High-voltage system (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that through the assembly (1 1) a line section (20) extends from at least one signal line to which at least one electrical resistance (25) is connected in parallel, wherein the first connector (12 ) and the second connector (13) via the electrical resistance (25) and its electrical properties are individualized.

5. High-voltage system (1) according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized by at least one fixing means (24), with which the structural unit (1 1) on the distributor (5) can be fixed.