WO2016129130A1 - Plant cultivation system - Google Patents

Plant cultivation system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016129130A1
WO2016129130A1 PCT/JP2015/068706 JP2015068706W WO2016129130A1 WO 2016129130 A1 WO2016129130 A1 WO 2016129130A1 JP 2015068706 W JP2015068706 W JP 2015068706W WO 2016129130 A1 WO2016129130 A1 WO 2016129130A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cultivation
cultivation container
plant
lighting device
air
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2015/068706
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
勤 佐藤
順三 川上
山内　隆宏
Original Assignee
シャープ株式会社
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Publication of WO2016129130A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016129130A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/20—Forcing-frames; Lights, i.e. glass panels covering the forcing-frames
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a plant cultivation facility provided with a plurality of cultivation containers arranged along the vertical direction and lighting devices provided for the respective cultivation containers.
  • an air conditioner is generally provided in order to suppress a temperature rise around the plant.
  • Patent Document 1 a plurality of cultivation containers arranged at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, an illumination device arranged immediately above each cultivation container, and an air duct extending from the air conditioner to above each illumination device And a plant factory configured to blow cooling air from a blower duct to a plant grown in a cultivation container via a lighting device.
  • Patent Document 1 has the following problems (i) and (ii).
  • Ii When the wind directly hits the plant, the plant is stressed and adversely affects the growth of the plant. In particular, the growth is likely to be hindered in the case of plants with low resistance to wind such as straw.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its purpose is to suppress an increase in the temperature around the plant without complicating the equipment configuration and without adversely affecting the plant due to wind. There is.
  • the plant cultivation facility includes a plurality of cultivation containers arranged at intervals from each other along the vertical direction, and a plurality of lighting devices provided corresponding to the respective cultivation containers, Each of the lighting devices is from a virtual straight line in which the shape of the facing portion of the cross section parallel to the vertical direction with the cultivation container corresponding to the lighting device extends in the vertical direction through the center in the horizontal direction of the cultivation container in the cross section. Air between the end portion on the virtual straight line side in the lighting device and the other cultivation container disposed above the cultivation container corresponding to the lighting device in a shape inclined downward along the separating direction It is characterized in that a gap through which the gas flows is provided.
  • the air heated by the exhaust heat from an illuminating device guides upward along the said illuminating device, and the other arrange
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the cultivation shelf with which the plant cultivation equipment shown in FIG. 1 is equipped
  • FIG. 2 is the sectional drawing.
  • A) is a figure which shows the simulation result of the temperature distribution around the cultivation shelf shown in FIG. 2
  • (b) is the figure which shows the simulation result of the temperature distribution around the cultivation shelf concerning the comparative example shown in FIG.
  • A) is a perspective view of the cultivation shelf concerning a comparative example
  • (b) is the sectional drawing.
  • A) is sectional drawing of the cultivation shelf concerning other embodiment of this invention
  • (b) is sectional drawing of the cultivation shelf concerning the modification.
  • (A) is sectional drawing of the cultivation shelf concerning other embodiment of this invention
  • (b) is a figure which shows the simulation result of the temperature distribution around the cultivation shelf shown to (a). It is sectional drawing of the cultivation shelf concerning further another embodiment of this invention.
  • (A) is sectional drawing of the cultivation shelf concerning other embodiment of this invention
  • (b) is sectional drawing of the cultivation shelf concerning the modification. It is sectional drawing of the cultivation shelf concerning further another embodiment of this invention.
  • (A) is a perspective view of the cultivation shelf concerning other embodiment of the present invention, and (b) is the sectional view.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of a plant cultivation facility 100 according to the present embodiment.
  • the plant cultivation facility 100 includes an air conditioner 1, an underfloor air conditioning chamber 2, a cultivation room 3, a ceiling exhaust chamber 4, and an exhaust fan 5.
  • the air conditioner 1 adjusts the temperature of air sucked from the outside to a predetermined temperature range (or a predetermined temperature range and a predetermined humidity range) and supplies the air to the underfloor air conditioning chamber 2.
  • the underfloor air conditioning chamber 2 is a space provided under the floor of the cultivation room 3, and the air supplied from the air conditioner 1 to the underfloor air conditioning chamber 2 is supplied from the air conditioning outlet 2 a provided on the floor surface of the cultivation room 3. It is supplied upwards.
  • the arrow shown in FIG. 1 has shown the flow of air.
  • a large number of cultivation shelves 10 are arranged in the horizontal direction on the floor surface of the cultivation room 3.
  • four cultivation shelves 10 are provided, but the number of cultivation shelves 10 installed is not limited to this.
  • FIG. 2A is a perspective view of the cultivation shelf 10
  • FIG. 2B is a cross section along the vertical direction in the cultivation shelf 10 (a cross section parallel to the vertical direction and perpendicular to the extending direction of the cultivation container 20).
  • the cultivation shelf 10 includes four support columns 11a to 11d extending in the vertical direction, the upper end of the support column 11a, the upper end of the support column 11b, and the support column.
  • Two connecting portions 12 that respectively connect the upper end of the portion 11c and the upper end of the column portion 11d, the upper end of the column portion 11a and the upper end of the column portion 11c, and the upper end of the column portion 11b and the upper end of the column portion 11d are connected, respectively.
  • Two connecting portions 13 are provided.
  • the length of the support columns 11a to 11d is 2000 mm
  • the length of each connecting portion 12 is 320 mm
  • the length of each connecting portion 13 is 1300 mm, thereby forming a substantially rectangular parallelepiped cultivation shelf 10.
  • the shape and size of the cultivation shelf 10 are not limited to this.
  • the three cultivation container support rods 14a are attached so that it may extend in the horizontal direction at predetermined intervals along the perpendicular direction.
  • the cultivation container support bar 14b is attached so that it may extend
  • the cultivation container 20 is hooked on the cultivation container support rods 14a and 14b opposed in the horizontal direction.
  • the width of the side surface of the cultivation container 20 on both sides in the horizontal direction in the cross section perpendicular to the extending direction of the cultivation container 20 becomes narrower as it goes downward.
  • it has a curved shape (so-called bowl shape) that protrudes outward, and a hook portion 21 that protrudes outward in the horizontal direction is provided at the upper end of each side surface.
  • the hooking portion 21 has a shape corresponding to the outer shape of the cultivation container support rods 14a and 14b.
  • the installation number of the cultivation containers 20 is not restricted to this, For example, four or more are provided in each cultivation shelf 10.
  • a cultivation container 20 may be arranged.
  • the material of the cultivation container 20 is not specifically limited, For example, resin, a metal, wood, etc. can be used.
  • the cultivation container 20 may consist of a sheet-like member having flexibility.
  • a culture medium and a plant may be directly accommodated in the cultivation container 20, and a container (for example, a flower pot etc.) accommodating the culture medium and the plant may be accommodated in the cultivation container 20.
  • Each of the lighting device support rods 15a and 15b has a plurality of (two in this embodiment) lighting device mounting portions at a predetermined distance along the horizontal direction (the extending direction of the lighting device support rods 15a and 15b). 16 is attached. As shown in FIG. 2B, each lighting device mounting portion 16 is disposed such that the surface facing the cultivation container 20 is inclined by 45 ° with respect to the horizontal direction.
  • each illuminating device 30 is each attached to the opposing surface with the cultivation container 20 in each illuminating device attachment part 16. As shown in FIG. Thereby, each illuminating device 30 is substantially C-shaped in both the upper left diagonal and upper right diagonal of each cultivation container 20 in the cross section (cross section perpendicular
  • each part of the cultivation shelf 10 (the column parts 11a to 11d, the connection part 12, the cultivation container support bars 14a and 14b, the lighting device support bars 15a and 15b, and the lighting device mounting part 16) is used as a ready-made product. It is composed of aluminum structural material. Thereby, an assembly can be performed easily and cost can be reduced.
  • the material of each part of the cultivation shelf 10 is not limited to this, and members made of other materials may be used.
  • the illumination device 30 includes five illumination lamps 31 each having an LED (light emitting diode) as a light source.
  • Each illuminating lamp 31 has a shape extending along a direction substantially parallel to the extending direction of the illuminating device support rods 15a and 15b (the extending direction of the cultivation container 20), and is arranged with a slight gap therebetween.
  • the light source of the illumination lamp 31 is not restricted to LED, For example, you may use other light sources, such as a fluorescent lamp.
  • each illuminating device 30 is an end by the side of the cultivation container 20 in each illumination lamp 31 in the cross section perpendicular
  • the tangent line (virtual tangent line) A) passing through the portion is arranged at an angle inclined by 45 ° with respect to the horizontal direction. That is, the lighting device 30 is a straight line (virtual straight line) CL along the vertical direction in which the shape of the facing portion of the cross section parallel to the vertical direction with the cultivation container 20 passes through the horizontal center C of the cultivation container 20 in the cross section. It is the shape which inclined below along the direction away from.
  • each illumination lamp 31 is arrange
  • the light quantity required for the growth of a plant does not run short.
  • the edge part on the side far from the said straight line CL in each illuminating device 30 is arrange
  • positioned above the said illuminating device 30 (The cultivation container arrange
  • interval is not specifically limited if it is a space
  • the illuminating lamp 31 (illuminating lamp 31 arrange
  • the said interval is not restricted to this, You may change suitably according to the kind, growth degree, etc. of the plant to grow.
  • the ceiling exhaust chamber 4 is provided on the ceiling of the cultivation room 3 and is connected to an exhaust fan 5. Thereby, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 1, the air supplied from the air conditioner 1 to the cultivation room 3 via the underfloor air conditioning chamber 2 and the air conditioning outlet 2 a passes through the vicinity of the cultivation shelf 10 and grows in the cultivation room 3. Then, the air is exhausted from the exhaust fan 5 to the outside of the plant cultivation facility 100 via the ceiling exhaust part 4 a and the ceiling exhaust chamber 4.
  • Underfloor air-conditioning is an air-conditioning method that has been conventionally used in offices and the like, and allows easy air-conditioning design.
  • the plant cultivation equipment 100 includes a control unit (not shown) that controls the operation of the lighting device 30, the air conditioner 1, and the exhaust fan 5.
  • the said control part switches the illuminating device 30 to an ON state (daytime state) and an OFF state (nighttime state) every predetermined time (for example, every 12 hours).
  • the control unit 30 operates the air conditioner 1 and the exhaust fan 5 while the lighting device 30 is in the on state, and stops the air conditioner 1 and the exhaust fan 5 while the lighting device 30 is in the off state. .
  • the control unit 30 operates the air conditioner 1 and the exhaust fan 5 under the operating conditions set for the on state during the period in which the lighting device 30 is in the on state, and during the period in which the lighting device 30 is in the off state.
  • the air conditioner 1 and the exhaust fan 5 may be operated under the operating conditions set for the off state.
  • FIG. 3 is a figure which shows the simulation result of the temperature distribution around the cultivation shelf 10 concerning this embodiment
  • (b) of FIG. 3 is the circumference of the cultivation shelf 110 concerning the comparative example shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the simulation result of temperature distribution.
  • (A) of FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the cultivation shelf 110 concerning a comparative example
  • (b) of FIG. 4 is the cross section (cross section perpendicular
  • the cultivation shelf 110 is provided with the illuminating device 130 which arranged the some illumination lamp 31 in the space directly above each cultivation container 20 in the horizontal direction. .
  • Other configurations are substantially the same as the cultivation shelf 10.
  • the air heated by the exhaust heat of each lighting device 130 is a space immediately above the cultivation container 20 (a space between the cultivation containers 20. ) And the temperature of the space, that is, the space where the plant is grown is increased.
  • the exhaust heat of each lighting device 30 is generated by the upward air flow generated by heating the air and the underfloor air conditioning equipment (the air conditioner 1, the underfloor air conditioning chamber 2, and the air conditioner). Due to the upward air flow from the floor surface of the cultivation room 3 supplied by the blower outlet 2a), each of the lighting devices 30 and other cultivation containers 20 disposed above the cultivation container 20 corresponding to the lighting device 30. It can flow upward from the gap between them. For this reason, as shown to (a) of FIG. 3, the temperature rise of the space (space where a plant is cultivated) above each cultivation container 20 can be suppressed.
  • each lighting device 30 includes a plurality of lighting devices 30 provided corresponding to each cultivation container 20, and each lighting device 30 is opposed to the cultivation container 20 corresponding to the lighting device 30 in a cross section parallel to the vertical direction.
  • the air heated by the exhaust heat from the lighting device 30 is guided upward along the lighting device 30 by the rising air flow generated by heating the air, and the lighting device 30 and the lighting device It can escape further upwards through the clearance gap between the other cultivation containers 20 arrange
  • FIG. Therefore, it can prevent that the air heated by the illuminating device 30 stays in the space immediately above the cultivation container 20, and can suppress the temperature rise around a plant.
  • it is not necessary to provide a ventilation duct for every cultivation container and to blow cooling air to a plant like the conventional technique mentioned above it does not make an equipment structure complicated, and does not have a bad influence by a wind on a plant. The temperature rise around the plant can be suppressed.
  • the illuminating device 30 is arrange
  • the underfloor air-conditioning equipment (the air conditioner 1, the underfloor air-conditioning chamber 2, and the air-conditioning blower outlet 2a) which supplies cooling air toward the upper direction from the floor surface of the cultivation room 3, and an illuminating device.
  • the edge part in the side far from the said straight line CL in 30 is arrange
  • the cooling air supplied upward from the underfloor air conditioning facility (air conditioning outlet 2a) is cultivated container 20 corresponding to the lighting device 30 by each lighting device 30 as indicated by an arrow in FIG. Cultivation corresponding to the lighting device 30 and the lighting device 30 due to the flow of cooling air and the rising airflow generated by heating the air by the exhaust heat of the lighting device 30
  • the air is guided upward through a gap with the other cultivation container 20 disposed above the container 20.
  • the wind speed in the cultivation room 3 of the cooling air supplied from underfloor air-conditioning equipment is 0.1 m / s or more and 0.4 m / s or less. Thereby, it can prevent appropriately the bad influence by wind on plant growth.
  • the opposing part with the cultivation container 20 corresponding to the said illuminating device 30 in each illuminating device 30 (With the cultivation container 20 corresponding to the said illuminating device 30 in each illumination lamp 31 with which the illuminating device 30 is equipped).
  • the inclination angle of the tangent line A) on the opposite side with respect to the horizontal direction is 45 °.
  • tilt angle is not restricted to this, In order to obtain sufficient wind guide effect to the space above the cultivation container 20, and to suppress the fall of the irradiation light quantity with respect to a plant, it is 30 degrees or more and 60 degrees or less. Preferably there is.
  • the cultivation container 20 has the external shape where a width
  • each illumination device 30 includes five illumination lamps 31 has been described.
  • the number of illumination lamps 31 provided in each illumination device 30 is not limited thereto, and may be appropriately determined. It may be changed.
  • each illumination lamp 31 with which the illuminating device 30 is provided demonstrated the structure which is a shape extended along the direction parallel to the extending
  • the structure of each illumination lamp 31 is described. This is not a limitation.
  • a large number of illumination lamps 31 extending along a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the cultivation container 20 are along a direction parallel to the extending direction of the cultivation container 20. May be arranged side by side.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the section (section perpendicular to the extension direction of cultivation container 20) along the perpendicular direction in cultivation shelf 10 concerning this embodiment.
  • Embodiment 1 demonstrated the structure which arrange
  • the illuminating device 30 is arrange
  • FIG. 6 is sectional drawing of the cross section (cross section perpendicular
  • (b) of FIG. 6 is FIG. It is a figure which shows the simulation result of the temperature distribution around the cultivation shelf 10 shown to (a).
  • the plurality of illumination lamps 31 constituting the illumination device 30 are all arranged outside the region overlapping the cultivation container 20 in the vertical direction, and the illumination device 30 and the cultivation container 20 corresponding to the illumination device 30 are arranged.
  • the cooling air supplied from the underfloor air conditioning equipment (air conditioning outlet 2a) is more effectively transferred to the space above the cultivation container 20.
  • the air heated by the exhaust heat of each lighting device 30 can be guided between each lighting device 30 and another cultivation container 20 disposed above the cultivation container 20 corresponding to the lighting device.
  • the air can be guided more effectively upward from the gap.
  • the temperature rise of the space immediately above each cultivation container 20 can be suppressed more effectively.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a cross section (a cross section perpendicular to the extending direction of the cultivation container 20) along the vertical direction in the cultivation shelf 10 according to the present embodiment.
  • the lighting device 30 corresponding to the cultivation container 20 of each stage arranged in the vertical direction is directly above the cultivation container 20 toward the upper stage. It arrange
  • the ratio of the air which is guided to the space right above the cultivation container 20 by the illuminating device 30 in the cooling air heading upward from the underfloor air conditioner (air conditioning outlet 2a) is increased toward the upper stage. Therefore, the temperature of the space immediately above the cultivation container 20 at each stage can be made uniform.
  • the air above the cultivation container 20 at each stage is sequentially guided to the upper stage while absorbing exhaust heat from the lighting device 30 at each stage. For this reason, the temperature tends to rise as it goes upward.
  • the structure of this embodiment it goes to the space above the cultivation container 20 with the illuminating device 30 of the cooling air which goes upwards from underfloor air-conditioning equipment (air-conditioning blower outlet 2a), so that it goes to the upper stage. Since the cooling effect can be enhanced by increasing the amount of air flow, the temperature of each stage can be made more uniform.
  • FIG. 8 is sectional drawing of the cross section (cross section perpendicular
  • the tangent (virtual tangent) B which passes along the edge part by the side of the cultivation container 20 in each illumination lamp 31 with which the illuminating device 30 is equipped is a cultivation container.
  • Each illuminating lamp 31 is arranged so as to form a curved shape convex toward the 20 side. Also in this case, substantially the same effects as those of the above-described embodiments can be obtained.
  • the tangent (virtual tangent) B ' which passes along the edge part by the side of the cultivation container 20 in each illuminating lamp 31 with which the illuminating device 30 is provided is a curve which is concave on the cultivation container 20 side.
  • Each illumination lamp 31 may be arranged so as to form a shape. Also in this case, substantially the same effects as those of the above-described embodiments can be obtained.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a cross section (a cross section perpendicular to the extending direction of the cultivation container 20) along the vertical direction in the cultivation shelf 10 according to the present embodiment.
  • each lighting device 30 includes a plurality of illumination lamps 31 .
  • each illuminating device 30 is provided with one illuminating lamp 32, respectively.
  • the illumination lamp 32 is separated from the straight line CL along the vertical direction passing through the center C in the horizontal direction of the cultivation container 20, that is, the shape of the cross section along the vertical direction is extended along the extending direction of the lighting device mounting portion 16.
  • the shape is inclined downward along the direction.
  • the plant cultivation equipment 100 includes a plurality of cultivation containers 20 arranged at intervals from each other along the vertical direction, and a plurality of lighting devices 30 provided corresponding to the respective cultivation containers 20.
  • Each lighting device 30 is downward along a direction away from an imaginary straight line CL extending in the vertical direction through the horizontal center C of the cultivation container 20 in the cross section in a shape parallel to the vertical direction.
  • the air heated by the exhaust heat from the illuminating device 30 is guide
  • the upper direction of the cultivation container 20 corresponding to the said illuminating device 30 and the said illuminating device 30 It can escape further upwards through the clearance gap between the other cultivation containers 20 arrange
  • the plant cultivation facility 100 according to aspect 2 of the present invention is the above-described aspect 1, wherein the lighting device 30 is disposed on both sides of the virtual straight line CL in a cross section parallel to the vertical direction.
  • the plant cultivation facility 100 includes the underfloor air conditioning facility (air conditioning outlet 2a) for supplying cooling air upward from the floor surface in the above aspect 1 or 2, and the lighting device An end portion on the side farther from the virtual straight line CL in 30 is configured to be disposed outside a region overlapping with the cultivation container 20 in the vertical direction.
  • underfloor air conditioning facility air conditioning outlet 2a
  • lighting device An end portion on the side farther from the virtual straight line CL in 30 is configured to be disposed outside a region overlapping with the cultivation container 20 in the vertical direction.
  • the plant cultivation facility 100 according to aspect 4 of the present invention is the above-described aspect 3, wherein the cooling air supplied from the underfloor air conditioning facility (air conditioning outlet 2a) has a wind speed of 0.1 m / s to 0.4 m / s.
  • the configuration is as follows.
  • the plant cultivation equipment 100 according to the fifth aspect of the present invention is the plant cultivation facility 100 according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the cultivation container 20 has a shape extending along a horizontal direction, A plurality of illumination lamps 31 extending along the extending direction of the cultivation container are provided, and each of the illumination lamps 31 is an end on the side facing the cultivation container 20 corresponding to the illumination device 30 in each of the illumination lamps 31.
  • tangent lines (A, B, B ′) passing through the portion are arranged in a straight line or a curved line inclined downward along a direction away from the virtual straight line CL.
  • the irradiation efficiency of the light with respect to a plant is improved, and the air heated by the exhaust heat from the illuminating device 30 is guide
  • the plant cultivation facility 100 according to Aspect 6 of the present invention is configured in any one of Aspects 1 to 5 above, wherein the inclination angle of the facing portion with respect to the horizontal direction is 30 ° or more and 60 ° or less.
  • the air heated by the exhaust heat from the illuminating device 30 is guide
  • the heated air can be prevented from staying in the space immediately above the cultivation container 20.
  • the plant cultivation facility 100 according to aspect 7 of the present invention is the structure according to any one of the aspects 1 to 6, wherein the cultivation container 20 has an outer shape that becomes narrower in the vertical direction.
  • the air guided upward by the lighting device 30 can be effectively guided further upward along the other cultivation container 20. Thereby, it can suppress more effectively that the air heated by the heat_generation
  • the present invention can be applied to plant cultivation equipment provided with a plurality of cultivation containers arranged in the vertical direction and lighting devices provided corresponding to the respective cultivation containers.
  • Air conditioner underfloor air conditioner
  • Underfloor air conditioning chamber underfloor air conditioning equipment
  • Air conditioning outlet underfloor air conditioning equipment
  • DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 Cultivation room 4
  • Ceiling exhaust chamber 4a Ceiling exhaust part 5
  • Exhaust fan 10 Cultivation shelf 11a-11d Support
  • pillar part 12 Connection part 13 Connection part 14a, 14b Cultivation container support bar 15a, 15b Illumination apparatus support bar
  • Illumination apparatus attachment part Cultivation container 21 hook part 30 lighting device 31, 32, 33 lighting lamp 100 plant cultivation equipment

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

In the plant cultivation system according to the present invention: each illuminating device (30) is in such a shape that a cross section thereof parallel to the vertical direction inclines downward along a direction away from a virtual line (CL), said virtual line (CL) passing through the center (C) in the horizontal direction of a cultivation container (20) and being along the vertical direction; and a gap is formed between the end part of the illuminating device (30) on the virtual line (CL) side and another cultivation container (20) that is positioned above the cultivation container (20) corresponding to the illuminating device (30). Thus, an increase in temperature around a plant can be suppressed.

Description

植物栽培設備Plant cultivation equipment
　本発明は、鉛直方向に沿って配置された複数の栽培容器と、各栽培容器に対応して設けられた照明装置とを備えた植物栽培設備に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a plant cultivation facility provided with a plurality of cultivation containers arranged along the vertical direction and lighting devices provided for the respective cultivation containers.
　従来、上下方向に沿って互いに間隔を隔てて配置された複数の栽培容器と、各栽培容器の直上（鉛直方向上方）に配置された照明装置とを備えた植物栽培設備が知られている。 Conventionally, there has been known a plant cultivation facility provided with a plurality of cultivation containers arranged at intervals from each other in the vertical direction and a lighting device arranged immediately above each cultivation container (upward in the vertical direction).
　また、この種の植物栽培設備においては、照明装置からの排熱により植物周囲の温度が上昇すると、植物の生育に悪影響が及ぼされることが知られている。 Also, in this type of plant cultivation facility, it is known that if the temperature around the plant rises due to exhaust heat from the lighting device, the growth of the plant is adversely affected.
　このため、従来の植物栽培設備では、一般に、植物周囲の温度上昇を抑制するために空調装置が備えられている。 For this reason, in conventional plant cultivation facilities, an air conditioner is generally provided in order to suppress a temperature rise around the plant.
　例えば、特許文献１には、上下方向に所定間隔をおいて配置された複数の栽培容器と、各栽培容器の直上に配置された照明装置と、空調装置から各照明装置の上方に伸びる送風ダクトとを備え、送風ダクトから照明装置を経由して栽培容器で栽培されている植物に冷却空気を吹き出す構成の植物工場が開示されている。 For example, in Patent Document 1, a plurality of cultivation containers arranged at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, an illumination device arranged immediately above each cultivation container, and an air duct extending from the air conditioner to above each illumination device And a plant factory configured to blow cooling air from a blower duct to a plant grown in a cultivation container via a lighting device.
日本国公開特許公報「特開２０１４－１４２８５号公報（２０１４年１月３０日公開）」Japanese Patent Publication “Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2014-14285 (published on January 30, 2014)”
　しかしながら、上記特許文献１の技術には、以下の（ｉ），（ｉｉ）の問題がある。
（ｉ）上下方向に配置された複数の栽培容器のそれぞれに対応して送風ダクトを配置する必要があるので、設備構成が複雑になる。特に、上下方向に複数の栽培容器を配置した栽培棚を水平方向に多数配置した大規模な植物栽培設備の場合、多数の送風ダクトを設ける必要があるので、設備コストが大幅に増大する。
（ｉｉ）植物に風が直接当たると植物にストレスがかかり、植物の生育に悪影響を及ぼす。特に、苺などの風に対する耐性が弱い植物の場合に生育が阻害されやすい。 However, the technique of Patent Document 1 has the following problems (i) and (ii).
(I) Since it is necessary to arrange an air duct corresponding to each of the plurality of cultivation containers arranged in the vertical direction, the equipment configuration becomes complicated. In particular, in the case of a large-scale plant cultivation facility in which a large number of cultivation shelves in which a plurality of cultivation containers are arranged in the vertical direction are arranged in the horizontal direction, it is necessary to provide a large number of air ducts, which greatly increases the facility cost.
(Ii) When the wind directly hits the plant, the plant is stressed and adversely affects the growth of the plant. In particular, the growth is likely to be hindered in the case of plants with low resistance to wind such as straw.
　本発明は、上記の問題点に鑑みて成されたものであり、その目的は、設備構成を複雑化させることなく、また植物に風による悪影響を与えることなく、植物周囲の温度上昇を抑制することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its purpose is to suppress an increase in the temperature around the plant without complicating the equipment configuration and without adversely affecting the plant due to wind. There is.
　本発明の一態様にかかる植物栽培設備は、鉛直方向に沿って互いに間隔を隔てて配置された複数の栽培容器と、前記各栽培容器に対応して設けられた複数の照明装置とを備え、前記各照明装置は、鉛直方向に平行な断面における当該照明装置に対応する栽培容器との対向部の形状が、当該断面における前記栽培容器の水平方向の中心を通り鉛直方向に延伸する仮想直線から離れる方向に沿って下方に傾斜した形状であり、かつ、当該照明装置における前記仮想直線側の端部と当該照明装置に対応する栽培容器の上方に配置された他の栽培容器との間に空気が流れる隙間が設けられていることを特徴としている。 The plant cultivation facility according to one aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of cultivation containers arranged at intervals from each other along the vertical direction, and a plurality of lighting devices provided corresponding to the respective cultivation containers, Each of the lighting devices is from a virtual straight line in which the shape of the facing portion of the cross section parallel to the vertical direction with the cultivation container corresponding to the lighting device extends in the vertical direction through the center in the horizontal direction of the cultivation container in the cross section. Air between the end portion on the virtual straight line side in the lighting device and the other cultivation container disposed above the cultivation container corresponding to the lighting device in a shape inclined downward along the separating direction It is characterized in that a gap through which the gas flows is provided.
　上記の構成によれば、照明装置からの排熱により加熱された空気を当該照明装置に沿って上方へ導風し、当該照明装置と当該照明装置に対応する栽培容器の上方に配置された他の栽培容器との間の隙間を介してさらに上方へ逃すことができる。したがって、照明装置によって加熱された空気が栽培容器の直上の空間に滞留することを防止し、植物周囲の温度上昇を抑制することができる。また、上述した従来の技術のように、栽培容器毎に送風ダクトを設けて冷却空気を植物に吹き付ける必要がないので、設備構成を複雑化させることなく、また植物に風による悪影響を与えることなく、植物周囲の温度上昇を抑制することができる。 According to said structure, the air heated by the exhaust heat from an illuminating device guides upward along the said illuminating device, and the other arrange | positioned above the illuminating device and the cultivation container corresponding to the said illuminating device It is possible to escape further upward through a gap between the cultivation container. Therefore, it can prevent that the air heated by the illuminating device stays in the space immediately above a cultivation container, and can suppress the temperature rise around a plant. Moreover, since it is not necessary to provide a ventilation duct for every cultivation container and to blow cooling air to a plant like the conventional technique mentioned above, it does not make an equipment structure complicated, and does not have a bad influence by a wind on a plant. The temperature rise around the plant can be suppressed.
本発明の一実施形態にかかる植物栽培設備の概略構成を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the plant cultivation equipment concerning one Embodiment of this invention. （ａ）は図１に示した植物栽培設備に備えられる栽培棚の斜視図であり、（ｂ）はその断面図である。(A) is a perspective view of the cultivation shelf with which the plant cultivation equipment shown in FIG. 1 is equipped, (b) is the sectional drawing. （ａ）は図２に示した栽培棚の周囲の温度分布のシミュレーション結果を示す図であり、（ｂ）は図４に示す比較例にかかる栽培棚の周囲の温度分布のシミュレーション結果を示す図である。(A) is a figure which shows the simulation result of the temperature distribution around the cultivation shelf shown in FIG. 2, (b) is the figure which shows the simulation result of the temperature distribution around the cultivation shelf concerning the comparative example shown in FIG. It is. （ａ）は比較例にかかる栽培棚の斜視図であり、（ｂ）はその断面図である。(A) is a perspective view of the cultivation shelf concerning a comparative example, (b) is the sectional drawing. （ａ）は本発明の他の実施形態にかかる栽培棚の断面図であり、（ｂ）はその変形例にかかる栽培棚の断面図である。(A) is sectional drawing of the cultivation shelf concerning other embodiment of this invention, (b) is sectional drawing of the cultivation shelf concerning the modification. （ａ）は本発明のさらに他の実施形態にかかる栽培棚の断面図であり、（ｂ）は（ａ）に示した栽培棚の周囲の温度分布のシミュレーション結果を示す図である。(A) is sectional drawing of the cultivation shelf concerning other embodiment of this invention, (b) is a figure which shows the simulation result of the temperature distribution around the cultivation shelf shown to (a). 本発明のさらに他の実施形態にかかる栽培棚の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the cultivation shelf concerning further another embodiment of this invention. （ａ）は本発明のさらに他の実施形態にかかる栽培棚の断面図であり、（ｂ）はその変形例にかかる栽培棚の断面図である。(A) is sectional drawing of the cultivation shelf concerning other embodiment of this invention, (b) is sectional drawing of the cultivation shelf concerning the modification. 本発明のさらに他の実施形態にかかる栽培棚の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the cultivation shelf concerning further another embodiment of this invention. （ａ）は本発明のさらに他の実施形態にかかる栽培棚の斜視図であり、（ｂ）はその断面図である。(A) is a perspective view of the cultivation shelf concerning other embodiment of the present invention, and (b) is the sectional view.
　　〔実施形態１〕
　本発明の一実施形態について説明する。 [Embodiment 1]
An embodiment of the present invention will be described.
　図１は、本実施形態にかかる植物栽培設備１００の概略構成を示す説明図である。この図に示すように、植物栽培設備１００は、空調装置１、床下空調チャンバ２、栽培室３、天井排気チャンバ４、および排気ファン５を備えている。 FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of a plant cultivation facility 100 according to the present embodiment. As shown in this figure, the plant cultivation facility 100 includes an air conditioner 1, an underfloor air conditioning chamber 2, a cultivation room 3, a ceiling exhaust chamber 4, and an exhaust fan 5.
　空調装置１は、外部から吸引した空気の温度を所定温度範囲（あるいは所定温度範囲かつ所定湿度範囲）に調節して床下空調チャンバ２に供給する。 The air conditioner 1 adjusts the temperature of air sucked from the outside to a predetermined temperature range (or a predetermined temperature range and a predetermined humidity range) and supplies the air to the underfloor air conditioning chamber 2.
　床下空調チャンバ２は栽培室３の床下に設けられた空間であり、空調装置１から床下空調チャンバ２に供給された空気は栽培室３の床面に設けられた空調吹出口２ａから栽培室３内に上方へ向けて供給される。なお、図１に示した矢印は空気の流れを示している。 The underfloor air conditioning chamber 2 is a space provided under the floor of the cultivation room 3, and the air supplied from the air conditioner 1 to the underfloor air conditioning chamber 2 is supplied from the air conditioning outlet 2 a provided on the floor surface of the cultivation room 3. It is supplied upwards. In addition, the arrow shown in FIG. 1 has shown the flow of air.
　栽培室３の床面上には多数の栽培棚１０が水平方向に並べて配置されている。なお、図１に示した例では栽培棚１０が４つ備えられているが、栽培棚１０の設置個数はこれに限るものではない。 A large number of cultivation shelves 10 are arranged in the horizontal direction on the floor surface of the cultivation room 3. In the example shown in FIG. 1, four cultivation shelves 10 are provided, but the number of cultivation shelves 10 installed is not limited to this.
　図２の（ａ）は栽培棚１０の斜視図であり、図２の（ｂ）は栽培棚１０における鉛直方向に沿った断面（鉛直方向に平行かつ栽培容器２０の延伸方向に垂直な断面）の断面図である。 2A is a perspective view of the cultivation shelf 10, and FIG. 2B is a cross section along the vertical direction in the cultivation shelf 10 (a cross section parallel to the vertical direction and perpendicular to the extending direction of the cultivation container 20). FIG.
　図２の（ａ）および（ｂ）に示したように、栽培棚１０は、鉛直方向に延伸する４本の支柱部１１ａ～１１ｄと、支柱部１１ａの上端と支柱部１１ｂの上端、および支柱部１１ｃの上端と支柱部１１ｄの上端をそれぞれ接続する２本の連結部１２と、支柱部１１ａの上端と支柱部１１ｃの上端、および支柱部１１ｂの上端と支柱部１１ｄの上端をそれぞれ接続する２本の連結部１３とを備えている。本実施形態では、支柱部１１ａ～１１ｄの長さを２０００ｍｍ、各連結部１２の長さを３２０ｍｍ、各連結部１３の長さを１３００ｍｍとしており、これによって略直方体状の栽培棚１０が形成されている。ただし、栽培棚１０の形状およびサイズはこれに限るものではない。 As shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the cultivation shelf 10 includes four support columns 11a to 11d extending in the vertical direction, the upper end of the support column 11a, the upper end of the support column 11b, and the support column. Two connecting portions 12 that respectively connect the upper end of the portion 11c and the upper end of the column portion 11d, the upper end of the column portion 11a and the upper end of the column portion 11c, and the upper end of the column portion 11b and the upper end of the column portion 11d are connected, respectively. Two connecting portions 13 are provided. In the present embodiment, the length of the support columns 11a to 11d is 2000 mm, the length of each connecting portion 12 is 320 mm, and the length of each connecting portion 13 is 1300 mm, thereby forming a substantially rectangular parallelepiped cultivation shelf 10. ing. However, the shape and size of the cultivation shelf 10 are not limited to this.
　また、支柱部１１ａと支柱部１１ｃとの間には、鉛直方向に沿って所定間隔を隔てて３本の栽培容器支持棒１４ａが水平方向に延伸するように取り付けられている。また、支柱部１１ｂと支柱部１１ｄとの間における各栽培容器支持棒１４ａに対して水平方向に対向する位置には、栽培容器支持棒１４ｂがそれぞれ水平方向に延伸するように取り付けられている。 Moreover, between the support | pillar part 11a and the support | pillar part 11c, the three cultivation container support rods 14a are attached so that it may extend in the horizontal direction at predetermined intervals along the perpendicular direction. Moreover, the cultivation container support bar 14b is attached so that it may extend | stretch in a horizontal direction at the position which opposes in the horizontal direction with respect to each cultivation container support bar 14a between the support | pillar part 11b and the support | pillar part 11d.
　また、水平方向に対向する栽培容器支持棒１４ａ，１４ｂには、栽培容器２０が引掛けられている。具体的には、栽培容器２０は、図２の（ｂ）に示すように、当該栽培容器２０の延伸方向に垂直な断面における水平方向両側の側面の形状が、下方へ向かうほど幅が狭くなり、かつ外側に凸の曲線形状（いわゆる、おわん型形状）になっており、これら両側面の上端部には水平方向外側に突出する引掛部２１がそれぞれ設けられている。引掛部２１は、栽培容器支持棒１４ａ，１４ｂの外形に応じた形状になっており、引掛部２１を栽培容器支持棒１４ａ，１４ｂに引掛けることにより、栽培容器２０が栽培容器支持棒１４ａ，１４ｂに支持されている。 Moreover, the cultivation container 20 is hooked on the cultivation container support rods 14a and 14b opposed in the horizontal direction. Specifically, as shown in (b) of FIG. 2, the width of the side surface of the cultivation container 20 on both sides in the horizontal direction in the cross section perpendicular to the extending direction of the cultivation container 20 becomes narrower as it goes downward. In addition, it has a curved shape (so-called bowl shape) that protrudes outward, and a hook portion 21 that protrudes outward in the horizontal direction is provided at the upper end of each side surface. The hooking portion 21 has a shape corresponding to the outer shape of the cultivation container support rods 14a and 14b. By hooking the hooking portion 21 on the cultivation container support rods 14a and 14b, the cultivation container 20 becomes the cultivation container support rod 14a, 14b.
　なお、本実施形態では、各栽培棚１０に栽培容器２０を３つ配置した構成について説明するが、栽培容器２０の設置個数はこれに限るものではなく、例えば各栽培棚１０に４つ以上の栽培容器２０を配置してもよい。また、栽培容器支持棒１４ａ，１４ｂの数は、栽培容器２０の設置個数に応じて適宜変更すればよい。また、栽培容器２０の材質は特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、樹脂、金属、木材などを用いることができる。また、栽培容器２０は、柔軟性を有するシート状の部材からなるものであってもよい。また、栽培容器２０に培地や植物を直接収容してもよく、培地や植物を収容した容器（例えば植木鉢など）を栽培容器２０に収容するようにしてもよい。 In addition, although this embodiment demonstrates the structure which has arrange | positioned the three cultivation containers 20 in each cultivation shelf 10, the installation number of the cultivation containers 20 is not restricted to this, For example, four or more are provided in each cultivation shelf 10. A cultivation container 20 may be arranged. Moreover, what is necessary is just to change suitably the number of cultivation container support bars 14a and 14b according to the installation number of the cultivation containers 20. FIG. Moreover, the material of the cultivation container 20 is not specifically limited, For example, resin, a metal, wood, etc. can be used. Moreover, the cultivation container 20 may consist of a sheet-like member having flexibility. Moreover, a culture medium and a plant may be directly accommodated in the cultivation container 20, and a container (for example, a flower pot etc.) accommodating the culture medium and the plant may be accommodated in the cultivation container 20.
　また、支柱部１１ａと支柱部１１ｃとの間、および支柱部１１ｂと支柱部１１ｄとの間における、各栽培容器支持棒１４ａ，１４ｂから上方に所定距離だけ離れた位置には、水平方向に延伸する照明装置支持棒１５ａ，１５ｂがそれぞれ取り付けられている。 Moreover, it is extended | stretched in the horizontal direction in the position which left | separated only predetermined distance upward from each cultivation container support rod 14a, 14b between the support | pillar part 11a and the support | pillar part 11c, and between the support | pillar part 11b and the support | pillar part 11d. Lighting device support rods 15a and 15b to be attached are respectively attached.
　また、各照明装置支持棒１５ａ，１５ｂには、水平方向（当該照明装置支持棒１５ａ，１５ｂの延伸方向）に沿って所定距離を隔てて複数（本実施形態では２つ）の照明装置取付部１６が取り付けられている。各照明装置取付部１６は、図２の（ｂ）に示したように、栽培容器２０との対向面が水平方向に対して４５°傾斜するように配置されている。 Each of the lighting device support rods 15a and 15b has a plurality of (two in this embodiment) lighting device mounting portions at a predetermined distance along the horizontal direction (the extending direction of the lighting device support rods 15a and 15b). 16 is attached. As shown in FIG. 2B, each lighting device mounting portion 16 is disposed such that the surface facing the cultivation container 20 is inclined by 45 ° with respect to the horizontal direction.
　また、各照明装置取付部１６における栽培容器２０との対向面には、照明装置３０がそれぞれ取り付けられている。これにより、各照明装置３０は、鉛直方向に沿った断面（栽培容器２０の延伸方向に垂直な断面）において、各栽培容器２０の左斜め上および右斜め上の両方に略ハの字状を成すように配置されている。 Moreover, the illuminating device 30 is each attached to the opposing surface with the cultivation container 20 in each illuminating device attachment part 16. As shown in FIG. Thereby, each illuminating device 30 is substantially C-shaped in both the upper left diagonal and upper right diagonal of each cultivation container 20 in the cross section (cross section perpendicular | vertical to the extending | stretching direction of the cultivation container 20) along a perpendicular direction. It is arranged to make.
　なお、本実施形態では、栽培棚１０の各部（支柱部１１ａ～１１ｄ、連結部１２、栽培容器支持棒１４ａ，１４ｂ、照明装置支持棒１５ａ，１５ｂ、および照明装置取付部１６）を、既製品のアルミニウム製構造材で構成している。これにより、組立を容易に行うことができ、コストを低減することができる。ただし、栽培棚１０の各部の材質はこれに限るものではなく、他の材質からなる部材を用いてもよい。 In the present embodiment, each part of the cultivation shelf 10 (the column parts 11a to 11d, the connection part 12, the cultivation container support bars 14a and 14b, the lighting device support bars 15a and 15b, and the lighting device mounting part 16) is used as a ready-made product. It is composed of aluminum structural material. Thereby, an assembly can be performed easily and cost can be reduced. However, the material of each part of the cultivation shelf 10 is not limited to this, and members made of other materials may be used.
　また、照明装置３０は、それぞれＬＥＤ（light emitting diode；発光ダイオード）を光源とする５本の照明灯３１を備えている。各照明灯３１は、照明装置支持棒１５ａ，１５ｂの延伸方向（栽培容器２０の延伸方向）に略平行な方向に沿って延伸する形状を有しており、互いにわずかな隙間を隔てて配置されている。なお、照明灯３１の光源はＬＥＤに限るものではなく、例えば蛍光灯などの他の光源を用いてもよい。 Further, the illumination device 30 includes five illumination lamps 31 each having an LED (light emitting diode) as a light source. Each illuminating lamp 31 has a shape extending along a direction substantially parallel to the extending direction of the illuminating device support rods 15a and 15b (the extending direction of the cultivation container 20), and is arranged with a slight gap therebetween. ing. In addition, the light source of the illumination lamp 31 is not restricted to LED, For example, you may use other light sources, such as a fluorescent lamp.
　これにより、各照明装置３０は、図２の（ｂ）に示すように、栽培容器２０との対向部（栽培容器２０の延伸方向に垂直な断面において各照明灯３１における栽培容器２０側の端部を通る接線（仮想接線）Ａ）が、水平方向に対して４５°傾斜した角度になるように配置されている。すなわち、照明装置３０は、鉛直方向に平行な断面における栽培容器２０との対向部の形状が、当該断面における栽培容器２０の水平方向の中心Ｃを通る鉛直方向に沿った直線（仮想直線）ＣＬから離れる方向に沿って下方に傾斜した形状になっている。また、各照明灯３１は、出射光の主軸方向が鉛直方向に対して４５°の角度を成すように配置されている。なお、各照明灯３１から栽培容器２０で栽培される植物に対して斜め上方から光を照射する構成にしても、植物の生育に必要な光量が不足することはない。 Thereby, as shown to (b) of FIG. 2, each illuminating device 30 is an end by the side of the cultivation container 20 in each illumination lamp 31 in the cross section perpendicular | vertical to the extending | stretching direction of the cultivation container 20 as shown in (b) of FIG. The tangent line (virtual tangent line) A) passing through the portion is arranged at an angle inclined by 45 ° with respect to the horizontal direction. That is, the lighting device 30 is a straight line (virtual straight line) CL along the vertical direction in which the shape of the facing portion of the cross section parallel to the vertical direction with the cultivation container 20 passes through the horizontal center C of the cultivation container 20 in the cross section. It is the shape which inclined below along the direction away from. Moreover, each illumination lamp 31 is arrange | positioned so that the main-axis direction of emitted light may make an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the perpendicular direction. In addition, even if it is the structure which irradiates light from diagonally upward with respect to the plant cultivated with the cultivation container 20 from each illumination lamp 31, the light quantity required for the growth of a plant does not run short.
　また、各照明装置３０における上記直線ＣＬから遠い側の端部は、各栽培容器２０に対して鉛直方向に重畳する領域（支柱部１１ａと支柱部１１ｂとの対向領域）よりも外側に配置されている。 Moreover, the edge part on the side far from the said straight line CL in each illuminating device 30 is arrange | positioned outside the area | region (opposite area | region of the support | pillar part 11a and the support | pillar part 11b) superimposed on each cultivation container 20 in the perpendicular direction. ing.
　また、各照明装置３０における上記直線ＣＬ側の端部と、当該照明装置３０の上方に配置される栽培容器２０（当該照明装置３０が光を照射する栽培容器２０の上方に配置された栽培容器２０）との間には、所定間隔（本実施形態では３０ｍｍ）の隙間が設けられている。なお、上記間隔は、栽培容器２０上の空気を滞留させることなく上記隙間部分を通って上方へ流すことができる間隔であれば特に限定されるものではないが、栽培容器２０上の空気を効率的に上方へ流すために、２０ｍｍ以上であることが好ましく、３０ｍｍ以上であることがより好ましい。 Moreover, the edge part by the side of the said straight line CL in each illuminating device 30, and the cultivation container 20 arrange | positioned above the said illuminating device 30 (The cultivation container arrange | positioned above the cultivation container 20 which the said illuminating device 30 irradiates light) 20), a gap having a predetermined interval (30 mm in the present embodiment) is provided. In addition, although the said space | interval is not specifically limited if it is a space | interval which can flow upwards through the said gap part, without stagnating the air on the cultivation container 20, the air on the cultivation container 20 is efficient. Therefore, in order to flow upward, it is preferably 20 mm or more, and more preferably 30 mm or more.
　また、本実施形態では、各照明装置３０における上記直線ＣＬ側の端部に配置される照明灯３１（最も上方に配置される照明灯３１）と、当該照明装置３０に対応する栽培容器（当該照明装置３０が光を照射する栽培容器２０）との間隔を３００ｍｍに設定している。ただし、上記間隔は、これに限るものではなく、栽培する植物の種類や成長度合等に応じて適宜変更してもよい。 Moreover, in this embodiment, the illuminating lamp 31 (illuminating lamp 31 arrange | positioned uppermost) arrange | positioned at the edge part by the side of the said straight line CL in each illuminating device 30, and the cultivation container (the said The space | interval with the cultivation container 20 which the illuminating device 30 irradiates light is set to 300 mm. However, the said interval is not restricted to this, You may change suitably according to the kind, growth degree, etc. of the plant to grow.
　天井排気チャンバ４は栽培室３の天井部に設けられるとともに、排気ファン５に接続されている。これにより、図１に矢印で示したように、空調装置１から床下空調チャンバ２および空調吹出口２ａを介して栽培室３に供給された空気は、栽培棚１０の近傍を通って栽培室３の天井へと流れ、天井排気部４ａおよび天井排気チャンバ４を介して排気ファン５から植物栽培設備１００の外部に排出される。なお、床下空調は、従来からオフィスなどで一般的に使われる空調方法であり、空調設計を容易に行うことができる。 The ceiling exhaust chamber 4 is provided on the ceiling of the cultivation room 3 and is connected to an exhaust fan 5. Thereby, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 1, the air supplied from the air conditioner 1 to the cultivation room 3 via the underfloor air conditioning chamber 2 and the air conditioning outlet 2 a passes through the vicinity of the cultivation shelf 10 and grows in the cultivation room 3. Then, the air is exhausted from the exhaust fan 5 to the outside of the plant cultivation facility 100 via the ceiling exhaust part 4 a and the ceiling exhaust chamber 4. Underfloor air-conditioning is an air-conditioning method that has been conventionally used in offices and the like, and allows easy air-conditioning design.
　また、本実施形態にかかる植物栽培設備１００は、照明装置３０、空調装置１、および排気ファン５の動作を制御する制御部（図示せず）を備えている。上記制御部は、所定時間毎（例えば１２時間毎）に照明装置３０をオン状態（昼間状態）とオフ状態（夜間状態）とに切り替える。また、上記制御部３０は、照明装置３０がオン状態である期間に空調装置１および排気ファン５を稼働させ、照明装置３０がオフ状態である期間には空調装置１および排気ファン５を停止させる。あるいは、上記制御部３０は、照明装置３０がオン状態である期間には空調装置１および排気ファン５をオン状態用に設定された運転条件で稼働させ、照明装置３０がオフ状態である期間には空調装置１および排気ファン５をオフ状態用に設定された運転条件で稼働させるようにしてもよい。 Moreover, the plant cultivation equipment 100 according to the present embodiment includes a control unit (not shown) that controls the operation of the lighting device 30, the air conditioner 1, and the exhaust fan 5. The said control part switches the illuminating device 30 to an ON state (daytime state) and an OFF state (nighttime state) every predetermined time (for example, every 12 hours). The control unit 30 operates the air conditioner 1 and the exhaust fan 5 while the lighting device 30 is in the on state, and stops the air conditioner 1 and the exhaust fan 5 while the lighting device 30 is in the off state. . Alternatively, the control unit 30 operates the air conditioner 1 and the exhaust fan 5 under the operating conditions set for the on state during the period in which the lighting device 30 is in the on state, and during the period in which the lighting device 30 is in the off state. The air conditioner 1 and the exhaust fan 5 may be operated under the operating conditions set for the off state.
　図３の（ａ）は本実施形態にかかる栽培棚１０の周囲の温度分布のシミュレーション結果を示す図であり、図３の（ｂ）は図４に示す比較例にかかる栽培棚１１０の周囲の温度分布のシミュレーション結果を示す図である。図４の（ａ）は比較例にかかる栽培棚１１０の斜視図であり、図４の（ｂ）は栽培棚１１０における鉛直方向に沿った断面（栽培容器２０の延伸方向に垂直な断面）の断面図である。図４の（ａ）および（ｂ）に示したように、栽培棚１１０は、各栽培容器２０の直上の空間に、複数の照明灯３１を水平方向に並べて配置した照明装置１３０を備えている。その他の構成は栽培棚１０と略同様である。 (A) of FIG. 3 is a figure which shows the simulation result of the temperature distribution around the cultivation shelf 10 concerning this embodiment, (b) of FIG. 3 is the circumference of the cultivation shelf 110 concerning the comparative example shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the simulation result of temperature distribution. (A) of FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the cultivation shelf 110 concerning a comparative example, (b) of FIG. 4 is the cross section (cross section perpendicular | vertical to the extending | stretching direction of the cultivation container 20) in the vertical direction in the cultivation shelf 110. FIG. It is sectional drawing. As shown to (a) and (b) of FIG. 4, the cultivation shelf 110 is provided with the illuminating device 130 which arranged the some illumination lamp 31 in the space directly above each cultivation container 20 in the horizontal direction. . Other configurations are substantially the same as the cultivation shelf 10.
　図３の（ｂ）に示したように、比較例にかかる栽培棚１１０では、各照明装置１３０の排熱によって加熱された空気が栽培容器２０の直上の空間（栽培容器２０同士の間の空間）に滞留し、当該空間、すなわち植物が栽培される空間の温度が上昇する。 As shown in FIG. 3B, in the cultivation shelf 110 according to the comparative example, the air heated by the exhaust heat of each lighting device 130 is a space immediately above the cultivation container 20 (a space between the cultivation containers 20. ) And the temperature of the space, that is, the space where the plant is grown is increased.
　これに対して、本実施形態にかかる栽培棚１０では、各照明装置３０の排熱を、空気が加熱されることによって生じる上昇気流と床下空調設備（空調装置１、床下空調チャンバ２、および空調吹出口２ａ）によって供給される栽培室３の床面から上方へ向かう気流とにより、各照明装置３０と当該照明装置３０に対応する栽培容器２０の上方に配置された他の栽培容器２０との間の隙間から上方へ流すことができる。このため、図３の（ａ）に示したように、各栽培容器２０の上方の空間（植物が栽培される空間）の温度上昇を抑制することができる。 On the other hand, in the cultivation shelf 10 according to the present embodiment, the exhaust heat of each lighting device 30 is generated by the upward air flow generated by heating the air and the underfloor air conditioning equipment (the air conditioner 1, the underfloor air conditioning chamber 2, and the air conditioner). Due to the upward air flow from the floor surface of the cultivation room 3 supplied by the blower outlet 2a), each of the lighting devices 30 and other cultivation containers 20 disposed above the cultivation container 20 corresponding to the lighting device 30. It can flow upward from the gap between them. For this reason, as shown to (a) of FIG. 3, the temperature rise of the space (space where a plant is cultivated) above each cultivation container 20 can be suppressed.
　以上のように、本実施形態にかかる植物栽培設備１００は、鉛直方向に沿って互いに間隔を隔てて配置された複数の栽培容器２０と、各栽培容器２０で栽培される植物に光を照射するための、各栽培容器２０に対応して設けられた複数の照明装置３０とを備え、各照明装置３０は、鉛直方向に平行な断面における当該照明装置３０に対応する栽培容器２０との対向部の形状が当該断面における前記栽培容器２０の水平方向の中心Ｃを通り鉛直方向に延伸する直線（仮想直線）ＣＬから離れる方向に沿って下方に傾斜した形状であり、かつ、当該照明装置３０における前記直線ＣＬ側の端部と当該照明装置３０に対応する栽培容器２０の上方に配置された他の栽培容器２０との間に空気が流れる隙間が設けられている。 As described above, the plant cultivation facility 100 according to the present embodiment irradiates light to a plurality of cultivation containers 20 arranged at intervals from each other along the vertical direction and to plants grown in the respective cultivation containers 20. For this reason, each lighting device 30 includes a plurality of lighting devices 30 provided corresponding to each cultivation container 20, and each lighting device 30 is opposed to the cultivation container 20 corresponding to the lighting device 30 in a cross section parallel to the vertical direction. Is a shape inclined downward along a direction away from a straight line (virtual straight line) CL extending in the vertical direction through the horizontal center C of the cultivation container 20 in the cross section, and in the lighting device 30 A gap through which air flows is provided between the end on the straight line CL side and another cultivation container 20 disposed above the cultivation container 20 corresponding to the lighting device 30.
　これにより、照明装置３０からの排熱により加熱された空気を、空気が加熱されることによって生じる上昇気流により、当該照明装置３０に沿って上方へ導風し、当該照明装置３０と当該照明装置３０に対応する栽培容器２０の上方に配置された他の栽培容器２０との間の隙間を介してさらに上方へ逃すことができる。したがって、照明装置３０によって加熱された空気が栽培容器２０の直上の空間に滞留することを防止し、植物周囲の温度上昇を抑制することができる。また、上述した従来の技術のように、栽培容器毎に送風ダクトを設けて冷却空気を植物に吹き付ける必要がないので、設備構成を複雑化させることなく、また植物に風による悪影響を与えることなく、植物周囲の温度上昇を抑制することができる。 Thereby, the air heated by the exhaust heat from the lighting device 30 is guided upward along the lighting device 30 by the rising air flow generated by heating the air, and the lighting device 30 and the lighting device It can escape further upwards through the clearance gap between the other cultivation containers 20 arrange | positioned above the cultivation container 20 corresponding to 30. FIG. Therefore, it can prevent that the air heated by the illuminating device 30 stays in the space immediately above the cultivation container 20, and can suppress the temperature rise around a plant. Moreover, since it is not necessary to provide a ventilation duct for every cultivation container and to blow cooling air to a plant like the conventional technique mentioned above, it does not make an equipment structure complicated, and does not have a bad influence by a wind on a plant. The temperature rise around the plant can be suppressed.
　また、本実施形態では、鉛直方向に平行な断面における栽培容器２０の左斜め上および右斜め上の両方（前記直線ＣＬの両側）にそれぞれ照明装置３０を配置している。これにより、植物に対する光の照射効率を向上させることができる。 Moreover, in this embodiment, the illuminating device 30 is arrange | positioned to both the upper left diagonal and the upper right diagonal (both sides of the said straight line CL) of the cultivation container 20 in the cross section parallel to a perpendicular direction. Thereby, the irradiation efficiency of the light with respect to a plant can be improved.
　また、本実施形態では、栽培室３の床面から上方に向けて冷却用空気を供給する床下空調設備（空調装置１、床下空調チャンバ２、および空調吹出口２ａ）を備えており、照明装置３０における前記直線ＣＬから遠い側の端部は、鉛直方向に沿って栽培容器２０と重畳する領域の外側に配置されている。 Moreover, in this embodiment, it is provided with the underfloor air-conditioning equipment (the air conditioner 1, the underfloor air-conditioning chamber 2, and the air-conditioning blower outlet 2a) which supplies cooling air toward the upper direction from the floor surface of the cultivation room 3, and an illuminating device. The edge part in the side far from the said straight line CL in 30 is arrange | positioned on the outer side of the area | region which overlaps with the cultivation container 20 along a perpendicular direction.
　これにより、床下空調設備（空調吹出口２ａ）から上方に向けて供給される冷却用空気は、図１に矢印で示したように、各照明装置３０によって当該照明装置３０に対応する栽培容器２０の直上の空間に導風され、さらに、冷却用空気の流れと照明装置３０の排熱によって空気が加熱されることにより生じる上昇気流とにより、当該照明装置３０と当該照明装置３０に対応する栽培容器２０の上方に配置された他の栽培容器２０との隙間を通って上方へ導風される。その結果、床下空調設備（空調吹出口２ａ）から供給される冷却用空気の風速を低く抑制しつつ、照明装置３０の排熱を効率よく受け流して栽培容器２０の直上の空間の温度上昇を効果的に抑制することができる。したがって、栽培容器２０で栽培される植物に風によるストレスがかかって植物の生育に悪影響が及ぼされることを防止できる。なお、床下空調設備（空調吹出口２ａ）から供給される冷却用空気の栽培室３内における風速は、０．１ｍ／ｓ以上０．４ｍ／ｓ以下であることが好ましい。これにより、植物の生育に風による悪影響が及ぶことを適切に防止できる。 Thereby, the cooling air supplied upward from the underfloor air conditioning facility (air conditioning outlet 2a) is cultivated container 20 corresponding to the lighting device 30 by each lighting device 30 as indicated by an arrow in FIG. Cultivation corresponding to the lighting device 30 and the lighting device 30 due to the flow of cooling air and the rising airflow generated by heating the air by the exhaust heat of the lighting device 30 The air is guided upward through a gap with the other cultivation container 20 disposed above the container 20. As a result, while effectively suppressing the wind speed of the cooling air supplied from the underfloor air-conditioning equipment (air-conditioning outlet 2a), the exhaust heat of the lighting device 30 is efficiently received and the temperature rise in the space immediately above the cultivation container 20 is effective. Can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the plant grown in the cultivation container 20 from being stressed by wind and adversely affecting the growth of the plant. In addition, it is preferable that the wind speed in the cultivation room 3 of the cooling air supplied from underfloor air-conditioning equipment (air-conditioning blower outlet 2a) is 0.1 m / s or more and 0.4 m / s or less. Thereby, it can prevent appropriately the bad influence by wind on plant growth.
　なお、本実施形態では、各照明装置３０における当該照明装置３０に対応する栽培容器２０との対向部（照明装置３０に備えられる各照明灯３１における当該照明装置３０に対応する栽培容器２０との対向部側の接線Ａ）の水平方向に対する傾斜角度を４５°としている。上記傾斜角度はこれに限るものではないが、栽培容器２０の上方の空間への十分な導風効果を得るとともに、植物に対する照射光量の低下を抑制するためには、３０°以上６０°以下であることが好ましい。 In addition, in this embodiment, the opposing part with the cultivation container 20 corresponding to the said illuminating device 30 in each illuminating device 30 (With the cultivation container 20 corresponding to the said illuminating device 30 in each illumination lamp 31 with which the illuminating device 30 is equipped). The inclination angle of the tangent line A) on the opposite side with respect to the horizontal direction is 45 °. Although the said inclination | tilt angle is not restricted to this, In order to obtain sufficient wind guide effect to the space above the cultivation container 20, and to suppress the fall of the irradiation light quantity with respect to a plant, it is 30 degrees or more and 60 degrees or less. Preferably there is.
　また、本実施形態では、栽培容器２０は、鉛直方向下方に向かうほど幅が狭くなる外形形状を有している。これにより、照明装置３０によって上方へ導風された空気を栽培容器２０に沿ってさらに上方へ効果的に導風することができる。したがって、照明装置３０の発熱により加熱された空気が栽培容器同士の間の空間に滞留して植物の周囲の温度上昇が生じることをより効果的に抑制することができる。 Moreover, in this embodiment, the cultivation container 20 has the external shape where a width | variety becomes narrow as it goes to the perpendicular direction downward direction. Thereby, the air guided upward by the lighting device 30 can be effectively guided further upward along the cultivation container 20. Therefore, it can suppress more effectively that the air heated by the heat_generation | fever of the illuminating device 30 stays in the space between cultivation containers, and the temperature rise around a plant arises.
　なお、本実施形態では、各照明装置３０がそれぞれ５本の照明灯３１を備えている構成について説明したが、各照明装置３０に備えられる照明灯３１の本数はこれに限るものではなく、適宜変更してもよい。 In the present embodiment, the configuration in which each illumination device 30 includes five illumination lamps 31 has been described. However, the number of illumination lamps 31 provided in each illumination device 30 is not limited thereto, and may be appropriately determined. It may be changed.
　また、本実施形態では、照明装置３０に備えられる各照明灯３１が、栽培容器２０の延伸方向に平行な方向に沿って延伸する形状である構成について説明したが、各照明灯３１の構成はこれに限るものではない。例えば、栽培容器２０の延伸方向に垂直な方向（図２の（ｂ）に示した接線Ａ方向）に沿って延伸する多数の照明灯３１を、栽培容器２０の延伸方向に平行な方向に沿って並べて配置してもよい。 Moreover, in this embodiment, although each illumination lamp 31 with which the illuminating device 30 is provided demonstrated the structure which is a shape extended along the direction parallel to the extending | stretching direction of the cultivation container 20, the structure of each illumination lamp 31 is described. This is not a limitation. For example, a large number of illumination lamps 31 extending along a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the cultivation container 20 (the tangent line A direction shown in FIG. 2B) are along a direction parallel to the extending direction of the cultivation container 20. May be arranged side by side.
　　〔実施形態２〕
　本発明の他の実施形態について説明する。なお、説明の便宜上、実施形態１と同じ機能を有する部材については同じ符号を付し、その説明を省略する。 [Embodiment 2]
Another embodiment of the present invention will be described. For convenience of explanation, members having the same functions as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
　図５の（ａ）は、本実施形態にかかる栽培棚１０における鉛直方向に沿った断面（栽培容器２０の延伸方向に垂直な断面）の断面図である。 (A) of Drawing 5 is a sectional view of the section (section perpendicular to the extension direction of cultivation container 20) along the perpendicular direction in cultivation shelf 10 concerning this embodiment.
　実施形態１では、鉛直方向に平行かつ栽培容器２０の延伸方向に垂直な断面において、各栽培容器２０の左斜め上および右斜め上の両方に照明装置３０を配置する構成について説明した。 Embodiment 1 demonstrated the structure which arrange | positions the illuminating device 30 to both the upper left diagonal and the upper right diagonal of each cultivation container 20 in the cross section perpendicular | vertical to the extending | stretching direction of the cultivation container 20 parallel to a perpendicular direction.
　これに対して、本実施形態では、図５の（ａ）に示すように、栽培容器２０の延伸方向に垂直な断面において、各栽培容器２０の左斜め上または右斜め上の一方にのみ（図５の（ａ）では右斜め上にのみ）照明装置３０を配置する。この場合にも、実施形態１と略同様の効果を得ることができる。 On the other hand, in this embodiment, as shown to (a) of FIG. 5, in the cross section perpendicular | vertical to the extending | stretching direction of the cultivation container 20, only one of the upper left diagonal or the upper right diagonal of each cultivation container 20 ( The illuminating device 30 is arranged (only in the upper right direction in FIG. 5A). Also in this case, substantially the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.
　なお、図５の（ｂ）に示すように、鉛直方向に並べて配置された栽培容器２０のうちの一部については照明装置３０を左斜め上に配置し、他の栽培容器２０については右斜め上に配置するように、栽培容器２０の段毎に照明装置３０の配置方向を異ならせてもよい。 In addition, as shown to (b) of FIG. 5, about the one of the cultivation containers 20 arranged side by side in the perpendicular direction, the illuminating device 30 is arrange | positioned diagonally on the left, and about the other cultivation containers 20, diagonally right You may vary the arrangement | positioning direction of the illuminating device 30 for every step | level of the cultivation container 20 so that it may arrange | position on.
　　〔実施形態３〕
　本発明のさらに他の実施形態について説明する。なお、説明の便宜上、上述した実施形態と同じ機能を有する部材については同じ符号を付し、その説明を省略する。 [Embodiment 3]
Still another embodiment of the present invention will be described. For convenience of explanation, members having the same functions as those in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
　図６の（ａ）は本実施形態にかかる栽培棚１０における鉛直方向に沿った断面（栽培容器２０の延伸方向に垂直な断面）の断面図であり、図６の（ｂ）は図６の（ａ）に示した栽培棚１０の周囲の温度分布のシミュレーション結果を示す図である。 (A) of FIG. 6 is sectional drawing of the cross section (cross section perpendicular | vertical to the extending | stretching direction of the cultivation container 20) in the vertical direction in the cultivation shelf 10 concerning this embodiment, (b) of FIG. 6 is FIG. It is a figure which shows the simulation result of the temperature distribution around the cultivation shelf 10 shown to (a).
　実施形態１では、照明装置３０の一部（照明装置３０に備えられる複数の照明灯３１のうちの一部）が栽培容器２０に対して鉛直方向に重畳する領域（栽培容器２０の直上の領域）に配置されている構成について説明した。 In the first embodiment, a region (a region directly above the cultivation container 20) where a part of the illumination device 30 (a part of the plurality of illumination lamps 31 provided in the illumination device 30) is superimposed on the cultivation container 20 in the vertical direction. ) Has been described.
　これに対して、本実施形態では、図６の（ａ）に示すように、照明装置３０を構成する複数の照明灯３１を全て栽培容器２０に対して鉛直方向に重畳する領域の外側に配置している。 On the other hand, in this embodiment, as shown to (a) of FIG. 6, arrange | positioning the some illumination lamp 31 which comprises the illuminating device 30 all on the outer side of the area | region which overlaps with the cultivation container 20 in a perpendicular direction. is doing.
　このように、照明装置３０を構成する複数の照明灯３１を全て栽培容器２０に対して鉛直方向に重畳する領域の外側に配置し、照明装置３０と当該照明装置３０に対応する栽培容器２０の上方に配置された他の栽培容器２０との間の間隔を広くすることにより、床下空調設備（空調吹出口２ａ）から供給される冷却用空気を栽培容器２０の上方の空間へより効果的に導風することができ、かつ、各照明装置３０の排熱により加熱された空気を各照明装置３０と当該照明装置に対応する栽培容器２０の上方に配置された他の栽培容器２０との間の隙間から上方へより効果的に導風することができる。その結果、図６の（ｂ）に示したように、各栽培容器２０の直上の空間の温度上昇をより効果的に抑制することができる。 In this way, the plurality of illumination lamps 31 constituting the illumination device 30 are all arranged outside the region overlapping the cultivation container 20 in the vertical direction, and the illumination device 30 and the cultivation container 20 corresponding to the illumination device 30 are arranged. By widening the space between the other cultivation container 20 disposed above, the cooling air supplied from the underfloor air conditioning equipment (air conditioning outlet 2a) is more effectively transferred to the space above the cultivation container 20. The air heated by the exhaust heat of each lighting device 30 can be guided between each lighting device 30 and another cultivation container 20 disposed above the cultivation container 20 corresponding to the lighting device. The air can be guided more effectively upward from the gap. As a result, as shown to (b) of FIG. 6, the temperature rise of the space immediately above each cultivation container 20 can be suppressed more effectively.
　　〔実施形態４〕
　本発明のさらに他の実施形態について説明する。なお、説明の便宜上、上述した実施形態と同じ機能を有する部材については同じ符号を付し、その説明を省略する。 [Embodiment 4]
Still another embodiment of the present invention will be described. For convenience of explanation, members having the same functions as those in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
　図７は、本実施形態にかかる栽培棚１０における鉛直方向に沿った断面（栽培容器２０の延伸方向に垂直な断面）の断面図である。 FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a cross section (a cross section perpendicular to the extending direction of the cultivation container 20) along the vertical direction in the cultivation shelf 10 according to the present embodiment.
　上述した各実施形態では、各段の照明装置３０の水平方向に沿った位置が略同じである構成について説明した。 In each of the above-described embodiments, the configuration in which the positions along the horizontal direction of the lighting devices 30 of each stage are substantially the same has been described.
　これに対して、本実施形態では、図７に示したように、鉛直方向に配置された各段の栽培容器２０に対応する照明装置３０を、上方の段へ向かうほど栽培容器２０の直上の空間から外側へ張り出す部分の水平方向の幅が大きくなるように配置する。 On the other hand, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the lighting device 30 corresponding to the cultivation container 20 of each stage arranged in the vertical direction is directly above the cultivation container 20 toward the upper stage. It arrange | positions so that the width | variety of the horizontal direction of the part projected outside from space may become large.
　これにより、上方の段へ向かうほど床下空調設備（空調吹出口２ａ）から上方へ向かう冷却用空気のうち照明装置３０によって栽培容器２０の直上の空間へ導風される空気の割合を多くすることができるので、各段の栽培容器２０の直上の空間の温度を均一化させることができる。 Thereby, the ratio of the air which is guided to the space right above the cultivation container 20 by the illuminating device 30 in the cooling air heading upward from the underfloor air conditioner (air conditioning outlet 2a) is increased toward the upper stage. Therefore, the temperature of the space immediately above the cultivation container 20 at each stage can be made uniform.
　すなわち、各段の栽培容器２０の上方の空気は、各段の照明装置３０からの排熱を吸収しながら上方の段へ順次導風される。このため、上方の段へ向かうほど温度が上昇しやすくなる。これに対して、本実施形態の構成によれば、上方の段へ向かうほど床下空調設備（空調吹出口２ａ）から上方へ向かう冷却用空気の照明装置３０による栽培容器２０の上方の空間への導風量を多くして冷却効果を高めることができるので、各段の温度をより均一化させることができる。 That is, the air above the cultivation container 20 at each stage is sequentially guided to the upper stage while absorbing exhaust heat from the lighting device 30 at each stage. For this reason, the temperature tends to rise as it goes upward. On the other hand, according to the structure of this embodiment, it goes to the space above the cultivation container 20 with the illuminating device 30 of the cooling air which goes upwards from underfloor air-conditioning equipment (air-conditioning blower outlet 2a), so that it goes to the upper stage. Since the cooling effect can be enhanced by increasing the amount of air flow, the temperature of each stage can be made more uniform.
　　〔実施形態５〕
　本発明のさらに他の実施形態について説明する。なお、説明の便宜上、上述した実施形態と同じ機能を有する部材については同じ符号を付し、その説明を省略する。 [Embodiment 5]
Still another embodiment of the present invention will be described. For convenience of explanation, members having the same functions as those in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
　図８の（ａ）は、本実施形態にかかる栽培棚１０における鉛直方向に沿った断面（栽培容器２０の延伸方向に垂直な断面）の断面図である。 (A) of FIG. 8 is sectional drawing of the cross section (cross section perpendicular | vertical to the extending | stretching direction of the cultivation container 20) along the vertical direction in the cultivation shelf 10 concerning this embodiment.
　上述した各実施形態では、照明装置３０に備えられる各照明灯３１における栽培容器２０側の端部を通る接線Ａが直線状になるように、各照明灯３１を直線的に配置した構成について説明した。 In each of the above-described embodiments, a description is given of a configuration in which the illumination lamps 31 are linearly arranged so that the tangent line A passing through the end on the cultivation container 20 side in each illumination lamp 31 provided in the illumination device 30 is linear. did.
　これに対して、本実施形態では、図８の（ａ）に示すように、照明装置３０に備えられる各照明灯３１における栽培容器２０側の端部を通る接線（仮想接線）Ｂが栽培容器２０側に凸である曲線状を成すように各照明灯３１を配置している。この場合にも、上述した各実施形態と略同様の効果を得ることができる。 On the other hand, in this embodiment, as shown to (a) of FIG. 8, the tangent (virtual tangent) B which passes along the edge part by the side of the cultivation container 20 in each illumination lamp 31 with which the illuminating device 30 is equipped is a cultivation container. Each illuminating lamp 31 is arranged so as to form a curved shape convex toward the 20 side. Also in this case, substantially the same effects as those of the above-described embodiments can be obtained.
　なお、図８の（ｂ）に示すように、照明装置３０に備えられる各照明灯３１における栽培容器２０側の端部を通る接線（仮想接線）Ｂ´が栽培容器２０側に凹である曲線状を成すように各照明灯３１を配置してもよい。この場合にも、上述した各実施形態と略同様の効果を得ることができる。 In addition, as shown to (b) of FIG. 8, the tangent (virtual tangent) B 'which passes along the edge part by the side of the cultivation container 20 in each illuminating lamp 31 with which the illuminating device 30 is provided is a curve which is concave on the cultivation container 20 side. Each illumination lamp 31 may be arranged so as to form a shape. Also in this case, substantially the same effects as those of the above-described embodiments can be obtained.
　　〔実施形態６〕
　本発明のさらに他の実施形態について説明する。なお、説明の便宜上、上述した実施形態と同じ機能を有する部材については同じ符号を付し、その説明を省略する。 [Embodiment 6]
Still another embodiment of the present invention will be described. For convenience of explanation, members having the same functions as those in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
　図９は、本実施形態にかかる栽培棚１０における鉛直方向に沿った断面（栽培容器２０の延伸方向に垂直な断面）の断面図である。 FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a cross section (a cross section perpendicular to the extending direction of the cultivation container 20) along the vertical direction in the cultivation shelf 10 according to the present embodiment.
　上述した各実施形態では、各照明装置３０に複数の照明灯３１が備えられている構成について説明した。 In each embodiment described above, the configuration in which each lighting device 30 includes a plurality of illumination lamps 31 has been described.
　これに対して、本実施形態では、図９に示すように、各照明装置３０がそれぞれ１本の照明灯３２を備えている。照明灯３２は、鉛直方向に沿った断面の形状が照明装置取付部１６の延伸方向に沿って延伸した形状、すなわち栽培容器２０の水平方向の中心Ｃを通る鉛直方向に沿った直線ＣＬから離れる方向に沿って下方に傾斜した形状になっている。このような構成でも、上述した各実施形態と略同様の効果を得ることができる。 On the other hand, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, each illuminating device 30 is provided with one illuminating lamp 32, respectively. The illumination lamp 32 is separated from the straight line CL along the vertical direction passing through the center C in the horizontal direction of the cultivation container 20, that is, the shape of the cross section along the vertical direction is extended along the extending direction of the lighting device mounting portion 16. The shape is inclined downward along the direction. Even with such a configuration, substantially the same effects as those of the above-described embodiments can be obtained.
　なお、図１０の（ａ）および（ｂ）に示すように、照明灯３２に代えて、板状の照明灯３３を栽培容器２０の水平方向の中心Ｃを通る鉛直方向に沿った直線ＣＬから離れる方向に沿って下方に傾斜するように配置して用いてもよい。この場合にも、上述した各実施形態と略同様の効果を得ることができる。 In addition, as shown to (a) and (b) of FIG. 10, it replaces with the illumination light 32, and replaces the plate-shaped illumination light 33 from the straight line CL along the vertical direction which passes along the center C of the horizontal direction of the cultivation container 20. As shown in FIG. You may arrange | position and use so that it may incline below along the direction to leave | separate. Also in this case, substantially the same effects as those of the above-described embodiments can be obtained.
　　〔まとめ〕
　本発明の態様１にかかる植物栽培設備１００は、鉛直方向に沿って互いに間隔を隔てて配置された複数の栽培容器２０と、前記各栽培容器２０に対応して設けられた複数の照明装置３０とを備え、前記各照明装置３０は、鉛直方向に平行な断面の形状が当該断面における前記栽培容器２０の水平方向の中心Ｃを通り鉛直方向に延伸する仮想直線ＣＬから離れる方向に沿って下方に傾斜した形状であり、かつ、当該照明装置３０における前記仮想直線ＣＬ側の端部と当該照明装置３０に対応する栽培容器２０の上方に配置された他の栽培容器２０との間に空気が流れる隙間が設けられていることを特徴としている。 [Summary]
The plant cultivation equipment 100 according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of cultivation containers 20 arranged at intervals from each other along the vertical direction, and a plurality of lighting devices 30 provided corresponding to the respective cultivation containers 20. Each lighting device 30 is downward along a direction away from an imaginary straight line CL extending in the vertical direction through the horizontal center C of the cultivation container 20 in the cross section in a shape parallel to the vertical direction. And the air between the end of the lighting device 30 on the virtual straight line CL side and the other cultivation container 20 disposed above the cultivation container 20 corresponding to the lighting device 30. It is characterized by a gap that flows.
　上記の構成によれば、照明装置３０からの排熱により加熱された空気を当該照明装置３０に沿って上方へ導風し、当該照明装置３０と当該照明装置３０に対応する栽培容器２０の上方に配置された他の栽培容器２０との間の隙間を介してさらに上方へ逃すことができる。したがって、照明装置３０によって加熱された空気が栽培容器２０の直上の空間に滞留することを防止し、植物周囲の温度上昇を抑制することができる。また、上述した従来の技術のように、栽培容器毎に送風ダクトを設けて冷却空気を植物に吹き付ける必要がないので、設備構成を複雑化させることなく、また植物に風による悪影響を与えることなく、植物周囲の温度上昇を抑制することができる。 According to said structure, the air heated by the exhaust heat from the illuminating device 30 is guide | induced upward along the said illuminating device 30, The upper direction of the cultivation container 20 corresponding to the said illuminating device 30 and the said illuminating device 30 It can escape further upwards through the clearance gap between the other cultivation containers 20 arrange | positioned. Therefore, it can prevent that the air heated by the illuminating device 30 stays in the space immediately above the cultivation container 20, and can suppress the temperature rise around a plant. Moreover, since it is not necessary to provide a ventilation duct for every cultivation container and to blow cooling air to a plant like the conventional technique mentioned above, it does not make an equipment structure complicated, and does not have a bad influence by a wind on a plant. The temperature rise around the plant can be suppressed.
　本発明の態様２にかかる植物栽培設備１００は、上記態様１において、前記照明装置３０は、鉛直方向に平行な断面における前記仮想直線ＣＬの両側にそれぞれ配置されている構成である。 The plant cultivation facility 100 according to aspect 2 of the present invention is the above-described aspect 1, wherein the lighting device 30 is disposed on both sides of the virtual straight line CL in a cross section parallel to the vertical direction.
　上記の構成によれば、植物に対する光の照射効率を向上させることができる。 According to the above configuration, it is possible to improve the light irradiation efficiency on the plant.
　本発明の態様３にかかる植物栽培設備１００は、上記態様１または２において、床面から上方に向けて冷却用空気を供給する床下空調設備（空調吹出口２ａ）を備えており、前記照明装置３０における前記仮想直線ＣＬから遠い側の端部は、前記栽培容器２０に対して鉛直方向に重畳する領域の外側に配置されている構成である。 The plant cultivation facility 100 according to aspect 3 of the present invention includes the underfloor air conditioning facility (air conditioning outlet 2a) for supplying cooling air upward from the floor surface in the above aspect 1 or 2, and the lighting device An end portion on the side farther from the virtual straight line CL in 30 is configured to be disposed outside a region overlapping with the cultivation container 20 in the vertical direction.
　上記の構成によれば、床下空調設備（空調吹出口２ａ）から供給される冷却用空気を照明装置３０によって栽培容器２０の直上の空間に導風することができるので、栽培容器２０の直上の空間の温度上昇をより効果的に抑制することができる。 According to said structure, since the cooling air supplied from underfloor air-conditioning equipment (air-conditioning blower outlet 2a) can be guided to the space immediately above the cultivation container 20 with the illuminating device 30, it is just above the cultivation container 20. An increase in the temperature of the space can be more effectively suppressed.
　本発明の態様４にかかる植物栽培設備１００は、上記態様３において、前記床下空調設備（空調吹出口２ａ）から供給される前記冷却用空気の風速が０．１ｍ／ｓ以上０．４ｍ／ｓ以下である構成である。 The plant cultivation facility 100 according to aspect 4 of the present invention is the above-described aspect 3, wherein the cooling air supplied from the underfloor air conditioning facility (air conditioning outlet 2a) has a wind speed of 0.1 m / s to 0.4 m / s. The configuration is as follows.
　上記の構成によれば、植物に強い風が当たることによって植物に発育に悪影響が及ぶようなストレスがかかることを抑制しつつ、植物周囲の温度上昇を適切に抑制することができる。 According to the above configuration, it is possible to appropriately suppress an increase in the temperature around the plant while suppressing a stress that adversely affects the growth of the plant due to a strong wind on the plant.
　本発明の態様５にかかる植物栽培設備１００は、上記態様１から４のいずれかにおいて、前記栽培容器２０は、水平方向に沿って延伸する形状を有しており、前記照明装置３０は、前記栽培容器の延伸方向に沿って延伸する複数の照明灯３１を備えており、前記各照明灯３１は、当該各照明灯３１における当該照明装置３０に対応する栽培容器２０との対向部側の端部を通る接線（Ａ、Ｂ，Ｂ´）が前記仮想直線ＣＬから離れる方向に沿って下方に傾斜した直線状または曲線状になるように配置されている構成である。 The plant cultivation equipment 100 according to the fifth aspect of the present invention is the plant cultivation facility 100 according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the cultivation container 20 has a shape extending along a horizontal direction, A plurality of illumination lamps 31 extending along the extending direction of the cultivation container are provided, and each of the illumination lamps 31 is an end on the side facing the cultivation container 20 corresponding to the illumination device 30 in each of the illumination lamps 31. In this configuration, tangent lines (A, B, B ′) passing through the portion are arranged in a straight line or a curved line inclined downward along a direction away from the virtual straight line CL.
　上記の構成によれば、複数の照明灯３１を備えることにより、植物に対する光の照射効率を高めるとともに、照明装置３０からの排熱により加熱された空気を当該照明装置３０に沿って上方へ導風し、照明装置３０によって加熱された空気が栽培容器２０の直上の空間に滞留することを防止することができる。 According to said structure, while providing the some illumination lamp 31, the irradiation efficiency of the light with respect to a plant is improved, and the air heated by the exhaust heat from the illuminating device 30 is guide | induced upward along the said illuminating device 30. It is possible to prevent the air heated and heated by the lighting device 30 from staying in the space immediately above the cultivation container 20.
　本発明の態様６にかかる植物栽培設備１００は、上記態様１から５のいずれかにおいて、前記対向部の水平方向に対する傾斜角度が３０°以上６０°以下である構成である。 The plant cultivation facility 100 according to Aspect 6 of the present invention is configured in any one of Aspects 1 to 5 above, wherein the inclination angle of the facing portion with respect to the horizontal direction is 30 ° or more and 60 ° or less.
　上記の構成によれば、植物に対する光の照射効率の低下を抑制しつつ、照明装置３０からの排熱により加熱された空気を当該照明装置３０に沿って上方へ導風し、照明装置３０によって加熱された空気が栽培容器２０の直上の空間に滞留することを防止することができる。 According to said structure, the air heated by the exhaust heat from the illuminating device 30 is guide | induced upward along the said illuminating device 30, suppressing the fall of the irradiation efficiency of the light with respect to a plant. The heated air can be prevented from staying in the space immediately above the cultivation container 20.
　本発明の態様７にかかる植物栽培設備１００は、上記態様１から６のいずれかにおいて、前記栽培容器２０は、鉛直方向下方に向かうほど幅が狭くなる外形形状を有している構成である。 The plant cultivation facility 100 according to aspect 7 of the present invention is the structure according to any one of the aspects 1 to 6, wherein the cultivation container 20 has an outer shape that becomes narrower in the vertical direction.
　上記の構成によれば、照明装置３０によって上方へ導風された空気を上記他の栽培容器２０に沿ってさらに上方へ効果的に導風することができる。これにより、照明装置３０の発熱により加熱された空気が栽培容器２０同士の間の空間に滞留して植物の周囲の温度上昇が生じることをより効果的に抑制することができる。 According to the above configuration, the air guided upward by the lighting device 30 can be effectively guided further upward along the other cultivation container 20. Thereby, it can suppress more effectively that the air heated by the heat_generation | fever of the illuminating device 30 stays in the space between cultivation containers 20, and the temperature rise around a plant arises.
　本発明は、上述した各実施形態に限定されるものではなく、請求項に示した範囲で種々の変更が可能であり、異なる実施形態にそれぞれ開示された技術的手段を適宜組み合わせて得られる実施形態についても本発明の技術的範囲に含まれる。さらに、各実施形態にそれぞれ開示された技術的手段を組み合わせることにより、新しい技術的特徴を形成することもできる。 The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications are possible within the scope shown in the claims, and the embodiments can be obtained by appropriately combining technical means disclosed in different embodiments. The form is also included in the technical scope of the present invention. Furthermore, a new technical feature can be formed by combining the technical means disclosed in each embodiment.
　本発明は、上下方向に配置された複数の栽培容器と、各栽培容器に対応して設けられた照明装置とを備えた植物栽培設備に適用することができる。 The present invention can be applied to plant cultivation equipment provided with a plurality of cultivation containers arranged in the vertical direction and lighting devices provided corresponding to the respective cultivation containers.
１　空調装置（床下空調設備）
２　床下空調チャンバ（床下空調設備）
２ａ　空調吹出口（床下空調設備）
３　栽培室
４　天井排気チャンバ
４ａ　天井排気部
５　排気ファン
１０　栽培棚
１１ａ～１１ｄ　支柱部
１２　連結部
１３　連結部
１４ａ，１４ｂ　栽培容器支持棒
１５ａ，１５ｂ　照明装置支持棒
１６　照明装置取付部
２０　栽培容器
２１　引掛部
３０　照明装置
３１，３２，３３　照明灯
１００　植物栽培設備
Ａ，Ｂ，Ｂ´　接線（仮想接線）
Ｃ　中心
ＣＬ　直線（仮想直線） 1 Air conditioner (underfloor air conditioner)
2 Underfloor air conditioning chamber (underfloor air conditioning equipment)
2a Air conditioning outlet (underfloor air conditioning equipment)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 Cultivation room 4 Ceiling exhaust chamber 4a Ceiling exhaust part 5 Exhaust fan 10 Cultivation shelf 11a-11d Support | pillar part 12 Connection part 13 Connection part 14a, 14b Cultivation container support bar 15a, 15b Illumination apparatus support bar 16 Illumination apparatus attachment part 20 Cultivation container 21 hook part 30 lighting device 31, 32, 33 lighting lamp 100 plant cultivation equipment A, B, B 'tangent (virtual tangent)
C Center CL straight line (virtual straight line)

Claims (5)

  1. 　鉛直方向に沿って互いに間隔を隔てて配置された複数の栽培容器と、
    　前記各栽培容器に対応して設けられた複数の照明装置とを備え、
    　前記各照明装置は、鉛直方向に平行な断面における当該照明装置に対応する栽培容器との対向部の形状が、当該断面における前記栽培容器の水平方向の中心を通り鉛直方向に延伸する仮想直線から離れる方向に沿って下方に傾斜した形状であり、かつ、当該照明装置における前記仮想直線側の端部と当該照明装置に対応する栽培容器の上方に配置された他の栽培容器との間に空気が流れる隙間が設けられていることを特徴とする植物栽培設備。     A plurality of cultivation containers arranged at intervals from each other along the vertical direction;
    A plurality of lighting devices provided corresponding to the cultivation containers,
    Each of the lighting devices is from a virtual straight line in which the shape of the facing portion of the cross section parallel to the vertical direction with the cultivation container corresponding to the lighting device extends in the vertical direction through the center in the horizontal direction of the cultivation container in the cross section. Air between the end portion on the virtual straight line side in the lighting device and the other cultivation container disposed above the cultivation container corresponding to the lighting device in a shape inclined downward along the separating direction A plant cultivation facility characterized in that a gap through which water flows is provided.
  2. 　前記照明装置は、鉛直方向に平行な断面における前記仮想直線の両側にそれぞれ配置されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の植物栽培設備。 The plant cultivation facility according to claim 1, wherein the lighting devices are respectively arranged on both sides of the virtual straight line in a cross section parallel to the vertical direction.
  3. 　床面から上方に向けて冷却用空気を供給する床下空調設備を備えており、
    　前記照明装置における前記仮想直線から遠い側の端部は、前記栽培容器に対して鉛直方向に重畳する領域の外側に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の植物栽培設備。     It is equipped with an underfloor air conditioner that supplies cooling air upward from the floor.
    The plant cultivation facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an end of the lighting device on the side far from the virtual straight line is disposed outside a region that overlaps the cultivation container in a vertical direction. .
  4. 　前記栽培容器は、水平方向に沿って延伸する形状を有しており、
    　前記照明装置は、前記栽培容器の延伸方向に沿って延伸する複数の照明灯を備えており、
    　前記各照明灯は、当該各照明灯における当該照明装置に対応する栽培容器との対向部側の端部を通る接線が前記仮想直線から離れる方向に沿って下方に傾斜した直線状または曲線状になるように配置されていることを特徴とする請求項１から３のいずれか１項に記載の植物栽培設備。     The cultivation container has a shape extending along the horizontal direction,
    The lighting device includes a plurality of lighting lamps extending along the extending direction of the cultivation container,
    Each illuminating lamp is linearly or curvedly inclined downward along a direction in which a tangent line passing through an end of the illuminating device corresponding to the illuminating device in each illuminating lamp is away from the virtual straight line. It arrange | positions so that it may become. The plant cultivation equipment of any one of Claim 1 to 3 characterized by the above-mentioned.
  5. 　前記対向部の水平方向に対する傾斜角度が３０°以上６０°以下であることを特徴とする請求項１から４のいずれか１項に記載の植物栽培設備。 The plant cultivation facility according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an inclination angle of the facing portion with respect to a horizontal direction is not less than 30 ° and not more than 60 °.
PCT/JP2015/068706 2015-02-10 2015-06-29 Plant cultivation system WO2016129130A1 (en)

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US5454187A (en) * 1992-10-02 1995-10-03 Wasserman; Kurt J. Plant tender
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT202000004006A1 (en) * 2020-02-26 2021-08-26 Ono Exponential Farming S R L HEAT DISSIPATION SYSTEM PRODUCED BY LAMPS FOR GROWING VEGETABLES OR SIMILAR IN A CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT
JP2021141869A (en) * 2020-03-13 2021-09-24 戸田建設株式会社 Multistage cultivation device
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