WO2016128571A1 - Appareil électrique moyenne ou haute tension à isolation gazeuse comprenant de l'heptafluoroisobutyronitrile et du tétrafluorométhane - Google Patents
Appareil électrique moyenne ou haute tension à isolation gazeuse comprenant de l'heptafluoroisobutyronitrile et du tétrafluorométhane Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016128571A1 WO2016128571A1 PCT/EP2016/053079 EP2016053079W WO2016128571A1 WO 2016128571 A1 WO2016128571 A1 WO 2016128571A1 EP 2016053079 W EP2016053079 W EP 2016053079W WO 2016128571 A1 WO2016128571 A1 WO 2016128571A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrical apparatus
- electrical
- gas
- heptafluoroisobutyronitrile
- insulation
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/56—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances gases
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/22—Selection of fluids for arc-extinguishing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02B13/00—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle
- H02B13/02—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle with metal casing
- H02B13/035—Gas-insulated switchgear
- H02B13/055—Features relating to the gas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/53—Cases; Reservoirs, tanks, piping or valves, for arc-extinguishing fluid; Accessories therefor, e.g. safety arrangements, pressure relief devices
- H01H33/56—Gas reservoirs
- H01H2033/566—Avoiding the use of SF6
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the field of electrical insulation and extinguishing of electric arcs in medium or high voltage electrical appliances.
- the present invention relates to the use of a gaseous mixture comprising heptafluoroisobutyronitrile and tetrafluoromethane, as an electrical insulating gas and / or extinguishing electric arcs in a medium or high voltage electrical apparatus.
- the present invention relates to the use, in a medium or high voltage electrical appliance, of a low environmental impact insulation based on a gaseous medium comprising heptafluoroisobutyronitrile and tetrafluoromethane as electrical insulation gas and / or extinction of electric arcs.
- This insulation based on such a gas mixture may optionally be combined with a solid insulation of low dielectric permittivity applied in low or thick layer on the conductive parts subjected to an electric field greater than the breakdown field of the system without solid insulation.
- This electrical apparatus can in particular be an electrical transformer such as a power or measurement transformer, a gas-insulated line (or LIG) for the transmission or distribution of electricity, a busbar or an electrical appliance.
- connection / disconnection also called a switchgear
- MALT earthing switch
- the electrical insulation and, where applicable, the arcing extinction are typically provided by a gas that is confined inside these devices.
- SF6 sulfur hexafluoride
- This gas has, indeed, a relatively high dielectric strength, good thermal conductivity and low dielectric losses. It is chemically inert and non-toxic to humans and animals and, after being dissociated by an electric arc, it recombines quickly and almost completely. In addition, it is nonflammable and its price is still moderate today.
- SF6 has the major disadvantage of having a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of 23,500 (relative to CO2 over 100 years) according to the latest IPCC 2013 report (for "Intergovernmental Panel on Climate”). Change ”) and a residence time in the atmosphere of 3,200 years, which places it among the gases with strong greenhouse effect. SF6 was therefore included in the Kyoto Protocol (1997) on the list of gases whose emissions must be limited.
- GWP Global Warming Potential
- Mixtures of SF6 and nitrogen are used to limit the impact of SF6 on the environment. Indeed, the addition of SF6 at a level of 10 to 20% by volume makes it possible to significantly improve the dielectric strength of the nitrogen. Nevertheless, because of the high PRG of SF6, the GWP of these mixtures remains very high. Such mixtures can not therefore be used as a low environmental impact gas.
- Perfluorocarbons (C n F 2n + 2 and C-C 4 F 8) generally have interesting dielectric withstand properties, but their GWP typically range from 5,000 to 10,000 (6,500 for CF 4). 7,000 for C 3 F 8 and C 4 F 10 , 8,700 for C-C 4 F 8 , 9,200 for C 2 F 6 ).
- the CF4 has already been used in a mixture with SF6 for applications at very low temperatures. Indeed, the CF4 has performances close to SF6, is less sensitive to low temperatures, but its dielectric strength is worse than that of SF6. When using these SF6-CF4 blends, the overall performance of the blend was therefore limited due to the decrease in dielectric performance due to CF4.
- US Patent 4,547,316, [2] is intended to provide an insulating gas mixture for electrical devices and having significant insulating properties and with moderate toxicity for humans and animals, compared to C2F5CN.
- the proposed gas mixture comprises C2F5CN and an alkyl nitrite more particularly selected from the group consisting of methyl nitrite, ethyl nitrite, propyl nitrite, butyl nitrite and amyl nitrite.
- Such a mixture may further include SF6.
- little information about the insulating properties of this mixture is provided.
- CF3I trifluoroiodomethane
- VME average exposure value
- hybrid insulation systems combining gas insulation, for example with dry air, nitrogen or CO2, with solid insulation.
- this solid insulation consists, for example, in covering the live parts which have a high electrical gradient by an epoxy resin or the like. , which reduces the field to which live parts are subjected.
- International application WO 2014/037566, [6] proposes such a hybrid insulation system in which the gaseous insulation consists of heptafluoroisobutyronitrile in a dilution gas.
- the inventors have therefore set themselves the general goal of finding an alternative to SF6 having a low environmental impact compared to an apparatus identical to SF6 while maintaining the characteristics of the apparatus, from the point of view of its insulating and cutting capacity, close to those of SF6 without significantly increasing the size of the device and the pressure of the gas inside.
- the inventors have set themselves the goal of maintaining the service temperature ranges of the electrical apparatus, close to those of equivalent SF6 units, without external heating means.
- the inventors have set themselves the goal of finding an insulation system comprising at least one gas or a mixture of gases which, while having electric insulation and electric arc extinguishing properties sufficient for an application in the field of high voltage electrical equipment and in particular comparable to those of SF6, has a low or no impact on the environment.
- this insulation system and in particular the gas or the gas mixture that it comprises is not toxic for man and the environment. They have also set themselves the goal that the insulation system and in particular the gas or gas mixture has a cost of manufacture or purchase compatible with use on an industrial scale.
- the medium or high voltage electrical equipment based on this insulation system and in particular the gas or gas mixture has a size and pressure close to equivalent devices insulated with SF6 and does not present liquefaction at the minimum temperature of use without the addition of an external heating source.
- the insulating system used in the context of the present invention is based on a gaseous medium comprising heptafluoroisobutyronitrile mixed with tetrafluoromethane as an electrical insulating gas and / or extinguishing electric arcs in an electrical appliance. medium or high voltage.
- the present invention proposes a medium or high voltage electrical apparatus comprising a sealed enclosure in which there are electrical components and a gas mixture ensuring electrical insulation and / or extinguishing of the electric arcs likely to occur in this area. pregnant, the gaseous mixture comprising heptafluoro isobutyronitrile and tetrafluoromethane.
- the gaseous insulation employs a gaseous mixture comprising heptafluoroisobutyronitrile and tetrafluoromethane.
- the terms “medium voltage” and “high voltage” are used in their usual acceptance, namely that the term “medium voltage” designates a voltage that is greater than 1000 volts AC and at 1,500 volts DC but not exceeding 52,000 volts AC and 75,000 volts DC, while the term “high voltage” refers to a voltage that is strictly greater than 52,000 volts AC and less than 75,000 volts in direct current.
- ODP Ozone Depletion Potential
- Tetrafluoromethane or carbon tetrafluoride of formula CF4 and CAS number: 75-73-0 shows:
- the relative dielectric strength of the tetrafluoro methane of formula CF4, normalized with respect to the gas that one wishes to replace ie SF6, is given in Table II below, said dielectric strength being measured at atmospheric pressure, under direct voltage, between two steel electrodes 2.54 cm in diameter and spaced 0.1 cm apart.
- the present invention provides a gaseous insulation with low environmental impact comprising a gaseous mixture with low environmental impact (low GWP with respect to SFe) compatible with the minimum operating temperatures of the electrical equipment and having dielectric properties, cutoff and heat dissipation improved compared to conventional gases such as CO2, air or nitrogen.
- a gaseous insulation with low environmental impact comprising a gaseous mixture with low environmental impact (low GWP with respect to SFe) compatible with the minimum operating temperatures of the electrical equipment and having dielectric properties, cutoff and heat dissipation improved compared to conventional gases such as CO2, air or nitrogen.
- heptafluoroisobutyronitrile and tetrafluoromethane are present in medium or high voltage electrical appliances exclusively or almost exclusively in the gaseous state under all the temperature conditions at which the gaseous medium is intended to be subjected, once confined in the electrical apparatus.
- heptafluoroisobutyronitrile and tetrafluoromethane should be present in the electrical apparatus at partial pressures which are chosen as a function of the saturation vapor pressures which these compounds respectively present at the minimum temperature of use of the apparatus. electric.
- Minimum operating temperature of an electrical appliance is the lowest temperature at which this appliance is intended to be used.
- Heptafluoroisobutyronitrile and tetrafluoro methane may thus be the only components of the gaseous medium confined in the medium or high voltage electrical apparatus.
- the liquefaction temperature of heptafluoro isobutyronitrile at atmospheric pressure. 1013.25 hPa), and also the GWP of tetrafluoromethane, heptafluoroisobutyronitrile and tetrafluoromethane will most often be used diluted in at least one other gas so as to obtain the level of filling pressure recommended for the electrical appliance concerned while ensuring the maintenance in the gaseous state of 1 heptafluoroisobutyronitrile over the full range of temperatures of use of this device.
- this other gas is chosen from gases that meet the following four criteria:
- (1) have a very low boiling point, below the minimum operating temperature of the apparatus, which boiling temperature is typically at or below -50 ° C above standard pressure;
- the dilution gases usually used are neutral gases whose GWP is very low, typically equal to or less than 500 and, more preferably, equal to or less than 10.
- Gases having all of these properties are, for example, air and preferably dry air (GWP of 0), nitrogen (GWP of 0), helium (GWP of 0), dioxide carbon (GWP of 1), oxygen (GWP of 0) and nitrous oxide (GWP of 310). Also, any of these gases or their mixtures can be used as the diluent gas in the invention.
- heptafluoroisobutyronitrile is present in the electrical apparatus at a partial pressure which is advantageously between 95 and 100% and, in particular, between 98 and 100% of the corresponding pressure, at filling the electrical apparatus at the saturation vapor pressure of heptafluoroisobutyronitrile at the minimum temperature of use of the electrical apparatus.
- a partial pressure which is advantageously between 95 and 100% and, in particular, between 98 and 100% of the corresponding pressure, at filling the electrical apparatus at the saturation vapor pressure of heptafluoroisobutyronitrile at the minimum temperature of use of the electrical apparatus.
- the composition of the gaseous medium is defined according to Raoult's law for the minimum temperature of use of the device, or even for a temperature slightly higher than this last, especially 3 ° C.
- the pressures of each constituent are therefore defined by the following equation:
- the minimum use temperature T m in is chosen from 0 ° C, -5 ° C, -10 ° C, -15 ° C, -20 ° C, -25 ° C , -30 ° C, -35 ° C, -40 ° C, -45 ° C and -50 ° C and, in particular, selected from 0 ° C, -5 ° C, -10 ° C, -15 ° C , -20 ° C, -25 ° C, -30 ° C, -35 ° C and -40 ° C.
- the gaseous mixture used in the context of the present invention is a ternary mixture comprising or consisting of
- a particular example of a gaseous mixture that may be used in the context of the present invention comprises or consists of 1-C3F7CN, CF4 and CO2.
- a more particular example of a gaseous mixture that can be used in the context of the present invention comprises or consists of 1 to 20 mol% of 1-C3F7CN; from 1 to 40 mol% of CF4 and from 40 to 98 mol% of CO2.
- the gaseous mixture comprising heptafluoro isobutyronitrile and tetrafluoromethane may be used, in a hybrid insulation system, in combination with a solid insulation, in particular of low dielectric permittivity applied in an insulating layer of variable thickness on the conductive parts subjected to an electric field greater than the breakdown field of the medium or high voltage apparatus without solid insulation.
- the medium or high voltage electrical apparatus has electrical components which are not covered with a solid dielectric layer.
- the dielectric / insulating layer implemented in the invention has a low relative permittivity.
- low relative permittivity is meant a relative permittivity less than or equal to 6. It is recalled that the relative permittivity, also called dielectric constant, of a material, which is denoted by r , is a dimensionless quantity that can be defined by the following formulas (IV) and (V):
- - C corresponds to the capacity (expressed Farads) of a flat capacitor comprising two parallel electrodes between which is disposed a layer of the material for which we want to determine the permittivity, this layer representing a specimen;
- e corresponds to the distance (expressed in meters) between the two parallel electrodes of the plane capacitor, which corresponds, in our case, to the thickness of the specimen;
- S corresponds to the area (expressed in square meters) of each constituent electrode of the plane capacitor.
- the capacitance is determined as in the IEC 60250-edl.O standard, namely by using a capacitor comprising two circular electrodes with a diameter ranging from 50 to 54 mm, integral with the test piece constituted of the material, these electrodes being obtained by spraying a conductive paint with a guard.
- the test piece has dimensions of 100 mm x 100 mm and a thickness of 3 mm. The distance between the electrodes of the capacitor, which corresponds to the size e mentioned above, is therefore 3 mm.
- the capacitance is determined under an excitation level of 500 volts RMS, at a frequency of 50 hertz, at a temperature of 23 ° C and a humidity relative of 50%.
- the duration of application of the above-mentioned voltage is 1 min.
- the term "insulating layer / dielectric of variable thickness” means that the dielectric material, deposited or applied to the electrical components or conductive parts, has varying thicknesses depending on the conductive part or part thereof. conductive part on which it is deposited. The thickness of the layer does not vary during use of the electrical apparatus but is determined during the preparation of the elements constituting this apparatus.
- the insulating layer is applied as a low or thick layer on the conductive parts subjected to an electric field greater than the breakdown field of the system without solid insulation.
- the term “thick layer” means a layer thicker than 1 mm and less than 10 mm and "thin layer” a layer of thickness less than 1 mm, advantageously less than 500 pm, in particular between 60 and 100 pm.
- the solid insulating layer implemented in the context of the present invention may comprise a single dielectric material or several different dielectric materials.
- the composition of the insulating layer i.e. the nature of the dielectric material or materials it comprises may differ depending on the conductive part or part of the conductive part on which the solid insulating layer is deposited.
- the materials selected to produce the thick insulating layers have low relative permittances i.e., less than or equal to 6.
- the The dielectric strengths of the insulating materials used to make the thick solid layers have relative permittances of the order of 3, or even less than the relative permittances less than or equal to 4 and in particular less than or equal to 3.
- the selected materials in the context of this invention have relative permittances of the order of 3 ie between 2 and 4 and in particular between 2.5 and 3.5.
- materials that can be used for producing the dielectric layers, solid and thin, of the electrical apparatus according to the invention mention may be made of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyamide, Ethylene Monochlorotrifluoroethylene, Parylene N TM, Nuflon TM, HALAR TM and HALAR C TM.
- this electrical apparatus can be, in the first place, a gas-insulated electrical transformer such as, for example, a power transformer or a measurement transformer.
- a gas-insulated electrical transformer such as, for example, a power transformer or a measurement transformer.
- It can also be a gas-insulated line, aerial or underground, or a busbar for the transport or distribution of electricity.
- connection / disconnection also called apparatus or cutoff chamber
- a circuit breaker such as a circuit breaker of the "dead tank” type, a puffer circuit breaker ("puffer” or “self choke”). blast "), a double-movement arc-blast self-blast circuit breaker, a thermal-effect self-blast circuit breaker in single-acting arc contacts, a self-blast circuit breaker thermal with partial movement of the contact rod, a switch, a disconnector such as an AIS for "Air-Insulated Swithgear” or a GIS for "Gas-Insulated Swithgear", a fuse-switch combination, an earthing switch or a contactor.
- the present invention also relates to the use of a gaseous mixture comprising heptafluoroisobutyronitrile and tetrafluoromethane as electrical isolation gas and / or electric arc extinguishing in a medium or high voltage electrical appliance whose electrical components can in addition to being covered with a solid insulating layer of variable thickness as previously defined.
- the invention is based on the use of a particular gas mixture with low environmental impact and improved cleavage capacities combining heptafluoroisobutyronitrile and tetrafluoromethane as previously defined, with or without dilution gas.
- heptafluoroisobutyronitrile and tetrafluoromethane are present in the electrical apparatus in exclusively or almost exclusively gaseous form over the entire range of operating temperatures of this apparatus. It is therefore appropriate that the partial pressure at which the heptafluoroisobutyronitrile is present in the electrical apparatus is chosen as a function of the saturation vapor pressure (PVS) that this compound exhibits at the lowest temperature of use of said apparatus.
- PVS saturation vapor pressure
- the pressure referred to for filling the electrical apparatus with heptafluoroisobutyronitrile is the pressure Piremp corresponding, at the filling temperature, for example 20 ° C. C, at the saturation vapor pressure PVSimin that this compound respectively at the minimum temperature of use T m in said electrical apparatus.
- Table III indicates the saturation vapor pressures, denoted PVSI-C3F7CN and expressed in hectopascals, that heptafluoroisobutyronitrile exhibits at temperatures of 0 ° C., -5 ° C., -10 ° C. -15 ° C, -20 ° C, -25 ° C, -30 ° C, -35 ° C and -40 ° C, as well as the pressures, denoted PI-C3F7CN and expressed in hectopascals, which correspond to these pressures of saturated steam reduced to 20 ° C.
- an electrical apparatus intended to be used at a minimum temperature of -30 ° C will be filled, at the temperature of 20 ° C, with a partial pressure of heptafluoroisobutyronitrile which will not exceed 368 hPa at 20 ° C if it is desired that this compound be kept in a gaseous state in this apparatus over the entire range of use temperatures thereof.
- the total gas filling pressure that is recommended varies. It is, however, typically several bars, i.e., several hundred kPa.
- heptafluoroiso butyronitrile and tetrafluoromethane may represent the only components of the gaseous medium, they will most often be supplemented with a dilution gas (or carrier gas or buffer gas) which makes it possible to obtain recommended filling pressure.
- the dilution gas is chosen from gases which have, on the one hand, a very low boiling point, less than or equal to the minimum temperature of use of the apparatus, and, on the other hand, a dielectric strength greater than or equal to that of carbon dioxide under identical test conditions (same apparatus, same geometrical configuration, same operating parameters, ...) as those used to measure the dielectric strength of the carbon dioxide.
- the dilution gas is non-toxic and that it has a very low or no GFR, so that the dilution of tetrafluoromethane with this gas also has the effect of lowering the environmental impact of this gas.
- the PRG of a gas mixture is related to the partial pressures of each of its components.
- the dilution gas is preferably carbon dioxide whose PRG is equal to 1, nitrogen, oxygen or air, preferably dry, whose PRG is equal to 0 or mixtures thereof. Since heptafluoroisobutyronitrile and tetrafluoromethane have a higher dielectric strength than gases that can be used as a dilution gas, it is desirable to optimize the filling of the electrical apparatus with heptafluoro isobutyronitrile and tetrafluoromethane.
- the electrical apparatus will therefore be filled with heptafluoroisobutyronitrile at a partial pressure which will advantageously be between 95 and 100% and, more preferably, between 98 and 100% of the corresponding pressure, at the filling temperature, at the vapor pressure. saturant that this compound presents at the minimum temperature of use of the electrical apparatus.
- Heptafluoroisobutyronitrile at the saturation vapor pressure that this compound exhibits at the minimum temperature of use of the electrical apparatus; and - represents the total pressure of the gaseous medium (1-C3F7CN + CF4 + dilution gas) at the filling temperature.
- ternary gas mixture usable in connection with the invention at a minimum temperature of -30 ° C consists of - 4.1 mol% of 1-C3F7CN;
- a 2 nd particular example of a ternary gas mixture that can be used within the scope of the invention at a minimum temperature of -25 ° C. consists of
- Table VI From a practical point of view, after evacuating using an oil vacuum pump, a commercial 5 bar (500 kPa) apparatus intended for use at -30 ° C can be filled. using a gas mixer to control the ratio between the pressures of heptafluoroisobutyronitrile and tetrafluoromethane and the pressure of the dilution gas, this ratio being kept constant and equal to 6.3 mol% for heptafluoroisobutyronitrile and 20% molar for tetrafluoromethane throughout filling through the use of precision mass flow meters.
- the vacuum (0 to 0.1 kPa) will have been done previously in the apparatus.
- the gaseous medium can be recovered by conventional recovery techniques using a compressor and a vacuum pump.
- Heptafluoroisobutyronitrile and tetrafluoromethane can then be separated from the dilution gas using a zeolite capable of trapping only that dilution gas which is smaller in size; alternatively, a selective separation membrane allowing the dilution gas to escape and keeping the heptafluoroisobutyronitrile and the tetrafluoromethane since these have a higher molecular weight can be used.
- any other option is possible.
- the present invention proposes gaseous mixtures with a low environmental impact with very significant CO2 equivalent reduction factors (of the order of 90%) compatible with the minimum operating temperatures of the electrical equipment and having dielectric properties improved compared to typical gases such as CO2, air or nitrogen and close to those of pure SF6 while improving its breaking capacity.
- This gaseous medium can advantageously replace the SF6 used in electrical appliances, without modifying or almost their design: the production lines can be kept, with a simple change of the gaseous filling medium.
- the gaseous mixture presented above can be used in combination with a solid insulation of low dielectric permittivity applied to conductive parts subjected to an electric field greater than the breakdown field of the system without solid insulation.
- the solid insulation implemented in the context of the present invention is in the form of a layer whose thickness varies for a given electrical device.
- the insulating layer implemented can present a low thickness (thin or thin layer) or a thick layer (thick layer).
- This solution therefore makes it possible to reduce the maximum electric field on the gas phase and thus to increase the electrical resistance of the so-called mixed total insulation, which is composed in series of the solid insulation and the gaseous insulation.
- This phenomenon of reduction of the electric field on the gas phase is more pronounced when the dielectric permittivity of the solid layer is low.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
- Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
- Installation Of Bus-Bars (AREA)
Abstract
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Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP16704609.3A EP3257059A1 (fr) | 2015-02-13 | 2016-02-12 | Appareil électrique moyenne ou haute tension à isolation gazeuse comprenant de l'heptafluoroisobutyronitrile et du tétrafluorométhane |
KR1020177025559A KR102649609B1 (ko) | 2015-02-13 | 2016-02-12 | 헵타플루오로이소부티로니트릴 및 테트라플루오로메탄을 포함하는 가스 절연 중간전압 또는 고전압 전기 장치 |
JP2017541952A JP2018506947A (ja) | 2015-02-13 | 2016-02-12 | ヘプタフルオロイソブチロニトリルとテトラフルオロメタンとを包含するガス絶縁された中または高電圧電気機器 |
BR112017016903A BR112017016903A2 (pt) | 2015-02-13 | 2016-02-12 | ?equipamento de média ou alta tensão e uso de uma mistura de gás? |
US15/550,599 US20180040391A1 (en) | 2015-02-13 | 2016-02-12 | Gas-insulated medium-or high-voltage electrical apparatus including heptafluoroisobutyronitrile and tetrafluoromethane |
CN201680010261.9A CN107430901A (zh) | 2015-02-13 | 2016-02-12 | 包含七氟异丁腈和四氟甲烷的气体绝缘中压或高压电气设备 |
CA2976018A CA2976018C (fr) | 2015-02-13 | 2016-02-12 | Appareil electrique moyenne ou haute tension a isolation gazeuse comprenant de l'heptafluoroisobutyronitrile et du tetrafluoromethane |
MX2017010448A MX2017010448A (es) | 2015-02-13 | 2016-02-12 | Aparato electrico de medio o alto voltaje aislado con gas que incluye heptafluoroisobutironitrilo y tetrafluorometano. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR1551216 | 2015-02-13 | ||
FR1551216A FR3032828B1 (fr) | 2015-02-13 | 2015-02-13 | Appareil electrique moyenne ou haute tension a isolation gazeuse comprenant de l'heptafluoroisobutyronitrile et du tetrafluoromethane |
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WO2016128571A1 true WO2016128571A1 (fr) | 2016-08-18 |
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PCT/EP2016/053079 WO2016128571A1 (fr) | 2015-02-13 | 2016-02-12 | Appareil électrique moyenne ou haute tension à isolation gazeuse comprenant de l'heptafluoroisobutyronitrile et du tétrafluorométhane |
Country Status (10)
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US (1) | US20180040391A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3257059A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2018506947A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR102649609B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN107430901A (fr) |
BR (1) | BR112017016903A2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2976018C (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3032828B1 (fr) |
MX (1) | MX2017010448A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2016128571A1 (fr) |
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US11673861B2 (en) | 2017-12-13 | 2023-06-13 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Perfluorinated 1-alkoxypropenes, compositions, and methods and apparatuses for using same |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP3174071B1 (fr) | 2015-11-30 | 2018-11-14 | General Electric Technology GmbH | Procédé et installation de remplissage d'un appareillage électrique à isolation gazeuse comprenant un mélange de (cf3)2cfcn et de co2 |
EP3188196B1 (fr) | 2015-12-28 | 2020-03-04 | General Electric Technology GmbH | Appareil électrique moyenne ou haute tension à isolation hybride de faible épaisseur |
DE102017105982B4 (de) * | 2017-03-21 | 2022-03-03 | Fritz Driescher KG Spezialfabrik für Elektrizitätswerksbedarf GmbH & Co. | Dielektrisches Medium und damit befüllte gasisolierte Schaltanlage |
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WO2022086308A1 (fr) * | 2020-10-23 | 2022-04-28 | 한국전기연구원 | Gaz isolant utilisé pour isolation électrique ou extinction d'arc en remplaçant le gaz sf6 et dispositif électrique l'utilisant |
CN112578036A (zh) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-03-30 | 武汉大学 | 一种判断七氟异丁腈与三元乙丙橡胶材料相容性的方法 |
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- 2016-02-12 EP EP16704609.3A patent/EP3257059A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-02-12 MX MX2017010448A patent/MX2017010448A/es unknown
- 2016-02-12 WO PCT/EP2016/053079 patent/WO2016128571A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2016-02-12 CA CA2976018A patent/CA2976018C/fr active Active
- 2016-02-12 BR BR112017016903A patent/BR112017016903A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2016-02-12 JP JP2017541952A patent/JP2018506947A/ja active Pending
- 2016-02-12 CN CN201680010261.9A patent/CN107430901A/zh active Pending
- 2016-02-12 US US15/550,599 patent/US20180040391A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-02-12 KR KR1020177025559A patent/KR102649609B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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US20130221292A1 (en) * | 2010-12-16 | 2013-08-29 | Mathias Ingold | Dielectric Insulation Medium |
FR2995462A1 (fr) * | 2012-09-10 | 2014-03-14 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Appareil electrique moyenne ou haute tension a faible impact environnemental et a isolation hybride |
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CN109891544A (zh) * | 2016-10-10 | 2019-06-14 | 超级电力研究所有限公司 | 用于高压直流电网的co2开关 |
WO2018069627A1 (fr) * | 2016-10-10 | 2018-04-19 | Supergrid Institute | Commutateur au co2 pour un reseau a courant continu haute tension |
CN109891544B (zh) * | 2016-10-10 | 2022-03-15 | 超级电力研究所有限公司 | 用于高压直流电网的co2开关 |
FR3057388A1 (fr) * | 2016-10-10 | 2018-04-13 | Inst Supergrid | Commutateur au co2 pour un reseau a courant continu haute tension |
FR3058144A1 (fr) * | 2016-10-27 | 2018-05-04 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Procede de traitement de polyamide charge en silice par impregnation dans le co2 supercritique |
CN109923620A (zh) * | 2016-10-27 | 2019-06-21 | 原子能与替代能源委员会 | 通过在超临界co2中浸渍处理填充二氧化硅的聚酰胺的方法 |
US10487186B2 (en) | 2016-10-27 | 2019-11-26 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Process for treating silica-filled polyamide by impregnation in supercritical CO2 |
CN109923620B (zh) * | 2016-10-27 | 2020-10-23 | 原子能与替代能源委员会 | 通过在超临界co2中浸渍处理填充二氧化硅的聚酰胺的方法 |
WO2018078114A1 (fr) * | 2016-10-27 | 2018-05-03 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Procede de traitement de polyamide charge en silice par impregnation dans le co2 supercritique |
US11535579B2 (en) | 2017-12-13 | 2022-12-27 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Hydrofluoroolefin ethers, compositions, apparatuses and methods for using same |
US11551827B2 (en) | 2017-12-13 | 2023-01-10 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Perfluorinated 1-alkoxypropenes in dielectric fluids and electrical devices |
US11673861B2 (en) | 2017-12-13 | 2023-06-13 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Perfluorinated 1-alkoxypropenes, compositions, and methods and apparatuses for using same |
EP3797857A1 (fr) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-03-31 | General Electric Technology GmbH | Procédé et appareil pour le recyclage de l'heptafluoroisobutyronitrile |
US11433348B2 (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2022-09-06 | General Electric Technology Gmbh | Method and apparatus for recycling heptafluoroisobutyronitrile |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR112017016903A2 (pt) | 2018-03-27 |
US20180040391A1 (en) | 2018-02-08 |
CN107430901A (zh) | 2017-12-01 |
CA2976018C (fr) | 2023-05-09 |
CA2976018A1 (fr) | 2016-08-18 |
KR20170118130A (ko) | 2017-10-24 |
FR3032828A1 (fr) | 2016-08-19 |
EP3257059A1 (fr) | 2017-12-20 |
JP2018506947A (ja) | 2018-03-08 |
KR102649609B1 (ko) | 2024-03-19 |
FR3032828B1 (fr) | 2017-03-17 |
MX2017010448A (es) | 2017-11-28 |
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