WO2016128324A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung einer organischen leuchtdiode und organische leuchtdiode - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung einer organischen leuchtdiode und organische leuchtdiode Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016128324A1 WO2016128324A1 PCT/EP2016/052518 EP2016052518W WO2016128324A1 WO 2016128324 A1 WO2016128324 A1 WO 2016128324A1 EP 2016052518 W EP2016052518 W EP 2016052518W WO 2016128324 A1 WO2016128324 A1 WO 2016128324A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal nanowires
- application surface
- substrate
- emitting diode
- adhesion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/805—Electrodes
- H10K50/81—Anodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K50/854—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising scattering means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/621—Providing a shape to conductive layers, e.g. patterning or selective deposition
Definitions
- the method produces an organic light-emitting diode.
- the organic light-emitting diode is an organic light-emitting diode.
- Light-emitting diode is preferably designed for the emission of visible light, such as colored light or white light.
- the generation of radiation takes place in at least one organic layer sequence with one or more active zones.
- the organic layer sequence has one or more partial layers which are each based on at least one organic material.
- the method comprises the step of providing a substrate.
- the substrate includes an application surface.
- the application surface is preferably a continuous,
- the application surface may be a planar main side of the substrate.
- the method comprises the step of generating one or more attachment regions.
- the adhesion regions are preferably completely covered by the application surface.
- the adhesion regions then constitute a plurality of parts of the application surface.
- the attachment regions lie completely within the application surface. It is possible that the various attachment areas are separated from each other so that the attachment areas are not interconnected.
- the metal nanowires are over the entire surface on the
- the metal nanowires are applied in a uniform thickness and / or concentration over the entire application area.
- the metal nanowires are removed outside the adhesion regions.
- Removal comprises or consists of the step of washing the metal nanowires.
- the washing is done with one or more solvents.
- the areas of the application area other than the attachment areas are preferred
- This electrode is preferably a light-transmitting electrode.
- Translucent may mean that this electrode has an average transmittance for that of the organic
- LED in operation has generated radiation of at least 70% or 80% or 90%.
- the electrode may also comprise a further material, in particular an organic, electrically conductive matrix material.
- the metal nanowires may be embedded in such a matrix material.
- the method comprises the step of applying an organic layer sequence.
- the organic layer sequence is applied directly or indirectly to the light-transmissive electrode. Alternatively, conversely, it is possible for the translucent electrode.
- Electrode is applied to the organic layer sequence.
- the method for producing one or more organic light-emitting diodes is set up and comprises at least the following steps, preferably in the order given:
- method steps A to E are carried out in the stated sequence
- step D is exclusive to a single one
- the metal nanowires comprise at least 95% by weight of Ag and have an average diameter of at most 100 nm and an average length of at least 5 ⁇ m, and wherein the metal nanowires are percolated,
- adhesion areas in step B are produced by a targeted, site-wise cleaning of the application surface, wherein the cleaning by irradiation with ultraviolet
- Radiation is carried out in combination with an ozone treatment or by irradiation with an oxygen plasma, wherein the adhesion regions are generated in step B by a targeted, locally applying an adhesive coating, so that the adhesive coating only in the
- Adhesive areas is present.
- metal nanowires can be applied by wet processes from a liquid phase.
- Encapsulation of the organic light emitting diode can adversely affect.
- the method described here provides an efficient, simplified, cost-saving and residue-free method for structuring such metal nanowire layers.
- the removal of the nanowires outside the adhesion regions takes place exclusively with at least one solvent, in particular with exactly one solvent.
- the solvent is preferably deionized water, also as di-water
- the metal nanowires have an average diameter of at least 5 nm or 20 nm and / or at most 500 nm or 250 nm or 100 nm or 50 nm. Alternatively or additionally, there is one average length of the metal nanowires at least 1 ym or 5 ym or 10 ym and / or at most 1 mm or 250 ym.
- the metal nanowires are silver nanowires. This may mean that the metal nanowires are at least 95 wt% or
- the metal nanowires may be hollow-cylinder-like structures or massive wires, similarly filled cylinders.
- the metal nanowires are percolated in the adhesion regions. That is, the metal nanowires then form a contiguous network so that continuous and interconnected current conducting paths are formed from the metal nanowires.
- a medium
- Mesh size of meshes of the mesh that may be formed from the metal nanowires is preferably included
- the average mesh size exceeds the mean diameter of the metal nanowires by at least a factor 2 or factor 5 and / or by a factor of not more than 100 or 25.
- Adhesive areas generated by a targeted, localized cleaning of the application surface are preferably done in a different manner than the cleaning of remaining areas of the application surface. The cleaning is not a
- the cleaning comprises irradiation with ultraviolet radiation, in short UV radiation.
- the cleaning comprises the use of an ozone plasma and / or an ozone treatment.
- the irradiation with UV radiation and the ozone treatment are combined.
- involved ozone can be generated by the UV radiation.
- by the cleaning is a
- Oxygen plasmas are used.
- the cleaning comprises a treatment with oxygen plasma.
- Treatment with oxygen plasma may alternatively be in addition to or in addition to UV ozone or UV or ozone treatment.
- a temporary, temporary mask layer is applied to the before cleaning
- Adhesive areas to be produced are not covered by the masking layer. That is, in the later adhesion regions, the application surface is then freely accessible despite the mask layer.
- the remaining areas of the application area, which are not provided as adhesion areas, are preferably completely covered by the mask layer.
- the mask layer impermeable to reactive, in particular oxygen-containing gases such as ozone and / or impermeable to ultraviolet
- a material of the mask layer is a metal such as aluminum or stainless steel, so that no UV radiation passes through the mask layer.
- multilayer systems can be used for the mask layer, for example, chrome-coated glass or acrylic glass (PMMA). Also
- Plastic masks are made of PEEK, PVDF or PTFE
- the mask layer is removed before the application of the metal nanowires, preferably completely removed. That is, when applying the metal nanowires, the mask layer is no longer present. This allows the metal nanowires on the entire
- the irradiation with UV radiation takes place only in places and not over the entire surface.
- Application surface in particular the entire application surface, then freely accessible and not directly covered by a material in a solid state.
- Adhesive areas by applying an adhesive coating generated.
- the adhesive coating can be applied over the entire surface of the application and only later
- Adhesion coating increased adhesion, as compared to the areas of the application area not provided with the adhesion coating.
- the adhesion coating is a scattering layer.
- the scattering layer is adapted to scatter the light generated in the organic layer sequence. This is a
- Adhesive coating a matrix material may be an inorganic or, preferably, an organic material. If the adhesive coating is designed as a scattering layer, scattering particles are preferably embedded in the matrix material. For example, the scattering particles are made of a high refractive index material such as
- the scattering particles may also be made of a comparatively low refractive index material, such as silica.
- Adhesive coating has a constant and consistent thickness across the adhesion areas.
- the thickness or average thickness of the adhesion coating is at least 0.5 ym or 1 ym or 5 ym.
- the thickness of the adhesive coating is at most 100 ⁇ m or 50 ⁇ m or 15 ⁇ m.
- the matrix material of the adhesion coating or the scattering layer is one or more of the following materials or
- Matrix material includes one or more of the following
- plastics such as acrylates, epoxies, polyimides or silicone materials; Silica, especially S1O2; Metal oxides such as zinc oxide (ZnO), zirconium oxide (ZrO 2), indium tin oxide (ITO), antimony tin oxide (ATO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), titanium oxide, Alumina, especially Al 2 O 3; Semiconductor oxides such as gallium oxide Ga20 x .
- the substrate is a glass substrate.
- the substrate may also be formed from a plastic, which may be provided, for example, with a thin layer of an inorganic,
- the substrate may be a ceramic substrate.
- the substrate may be mechanically rigid or mechanically flexible and thus designed to be flexible.
- Nanowires by Schiitzdüsenbe Anlagenung, English Slot Dye Coating applied.
- a solution containing the metal nanowires or metal nanowire precursors is applied through a slot-shaped constant-pitch, constant velocity nozzle relative to a substrate table as a homogeneous wet film.
- Schiitzdüsen coating process other methods such as spin coating, English spin coating, or printing process can be used to apply the metal nanowires. Also methods such as doctoring and spray coating are possible. Preferably, however, the application takes place via Schiitzdüsenbe Anlagen.
- the organic layer sequence becomes directly on the metal nanowires
- Layer sequence or at least one material of the organic layer sequence thus forms a matrix for the metal nanowires.
- a matrix material for the metal nanowires is applied simultaneously with the metal nanowires.
- a different adhesion of the metal nanowires in the adhesion regions and in the remaining regions of the application surface can then also be realized via this matrix material.
- organic light emitting diode is specified.
- the organic light-emitting diode is with a method
- the adhesive layer is applied directly to the substrate.
- the metal nanowires are preferably mounted directly on the adhesive layer. It is possible that the organic light emitting diode and vice versa.
- Layer sequence is at least in the adhesion regions not in direct contact with the substrate, but is spaced from the substrate. According to at least one embodiment, the
- the organic layer sequence represents a matrix for the metal nanowires. In this case, it is possible for the organic
- Layer sequence touches the substrate in places
- Figures 1 to 3 are schematic sectional views of
- Figure 4 is a schematic plan views of a
- FIG. 1 shows an exemplary production method for an organic light-emitting diode 10.
- a substrate for example, a glass substrate provided.
- the substrate 1 has a planar, planar application surface 11.
- Figure 1B is shown that in places and
- a mask layer 8 is applied.
- the mask layer 8 is printed, for example, and may be formed of a washable ink or a photoresist.
- the mask layer 8 is a metal mask.
- the substrate 1 becomes ultraviolet
- UV Radiation R is treated, for example for a period of 10 minutes.
- the irradiation with the UV radiation R takes place in particular in an oxygen-containing atmosphere, so that ozone is formed by the UV radiation R.
- the combined UV-ozone treatment is a
- Adhesive regions 13 off. Also in the adhesion regions 13, the substrate 1 has a flat, not roughened surface.
- the mask layer 8 is removed, preferably completely removed, see Figure ID.
- the structuring into the adhesion regions 13 is not readily apparent immediately after the removal of the mask layer 8.
- a layer with metal nanowires 3 is applied over the entire surface of the substrate 1.
- the application of the metal nanowires 3 is preferably carried out by means of
- a solvent in which the metal nanowires 3, which are preferably silver nanowires, are dissolved, is preferably completely removed in the further production process. It is possible that only the metal nanowires 3 remain on the application surface 11.
- the solution in which the metal nanowires 3 are contained in the application may also be a binding material or a bonding material
- Matrix material for the metal nanowires 3 be added.
- a layer is formed on the application surface 11, the metal nanowires 3 and the binder
- Application surface 11 are applied, for example in rectangular areas. However, also in this case, the metal nanowires 3 are applied to the application surface 11 both in the adhesion regions 13 and outside the adhesion regions 13.
- Solvent 7 is preferably deionized water, for short di-water.
- the substrate 1 becomes the same as the first
- the metal nanowires 3 from the regions outside the adhesion regions 13 are detached from the substrate 1.
- the binder is preferably a water-soluble polymer which is dissolved accordingly. If, in this process step, a mask layer 8 is still present, then the
- the metal nanowires 3 preferably show a poorer adhesion to the
- the mask layer 8 or the mask layer 8 adheres worse to the application surface 11 than the metal nanowires 3. This ensures, see Figure 1F, ensures that the metal nanowires 3 remain only in the adhesion regions 13 on the substrate 1.
- Figure IG an optional process step is shown.
- an additional binder 33 is subsequently applied to the metal nanowires 3 in order to further fix them to the substrate 1. Contrary to what is shown, it is possible for the additional binder 33 to be applied over the entire area to the application surface 11.
- an organic layer sequence 4 is applied.
- the light-emitting diode 10 is preferably visible light during operation
- organic layer sequence 4 a second electrode 5 after, which may be a reflective electrode or a radiation-transmissive electrode.
- an encapsulation layer 6 is optionally applied.
- Separation areas may be provided, in which a
- Singulation of the substrate 1 can be made into smaller units.
- Light emitting diode elements is not drawn to simplify the illustration in the figures. Neither are other elements of the LEDs 10 such as external electrical connections or complementary power distribution structures
- the step illustrated in FIG. 1F may already be a cleaning step, which may be used for
- FIG. 3A Another embodiment of a manufacturing method is illustrated in FIG. According to FIG. 3A, the substrate 1 is provided with the application surface 11.
- the regions provided with the adhesion coating 2 represent the adhesion regions 13.
- the adhesion coating 2 is, for example, a scattering layer for the adhesive in the
- LED 10 in operation generates light.
- the metal nanowires 3 are applied over the whole area, the adhesion coating 2 being overmolded with the metal nanowires 3.
- the structuring of the layer with the metal nanowires 3 takes place to the transparent electrode 30.
- This structuring takes place, analogously to FIG. 1F, with the solvent 7.
- the metal nanowires 3 are coated in the regions of the non-adhesive coating 2
- dispensable laser structuring saves time and money otherwise required. This applies above all to a planar restructure instead of line isolation. Also, a risk of particle formation and residue is avoided by a laser process, so that the organic light-emitting diode can be encapsulated safer. Furthermore, there is a greater freedom of design with regard to the structuring, in particular with respect to the transparent electrode 30, by the method described here.
- a metallic mask layer 8 is shown in a schematic plan view of an application surface 11.
- the resulting translucent electrode 30 is shown in silver nanowires.
- An area ratio of the silver nanowires 3 on the entire application surface 11 is, as in all other embodiments, in particular at least 25% or 35% and / or at most 80% or 60%.
- the mask layer 8 is formed as a negative to the finished translucent electrode 30 and is no longer present in the finished light-emitting diode.
- the individual subregions covered by the nanowires 3 do not hang together and, as seen in plan view, are arranged in the form of a matrix and approximately rectangular shaped. In particular in an edge region of the matrix arrangement, electrical contact regions and / or orientation markings can be applied.
- the invention described here is not by the
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US15/549,994 US10217941B2 (en) | 2015-02-09 | 2016-02-05 | Method for producing an organic light-emitting diode and organic light-emitting diode |
| KR1020177022168A KR20170110628A (ko) | 2015-02-09 | 2016-02-05 | 유기 발광 다이오드를 제조하는 방법 및 유기 발광 다이오드 |
| DE112016000659.4T DE112016000659B4 (de) | 2015-02-09 | 2016-02-05 | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer organischen Leuchtdiode und organische Leuchtdiode |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015101820.9 | 2015-02-09 | ||
| DE102015101820.9A DE102015101820A1 (de) | 2015-02-09 | 2015-02-09 | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer organischen Leuchtdiode und organische Leuchtdiode |
| DE102015102784 | 2015-02-26 | ||
| DE102015102784.4 | 2015-02-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2016128324A1 true WO2016128324A1 (de) | 2016-08-18 |
Family
ID=55310816
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2016/052518 Ceased WO2016128324A1 (de) | 2015-02-09 | 2016-02-05 | Verfahren zur herstellung einer organischen leuchtdiode und organische leuchtdiode |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10217941B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20170110628A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE112016000659B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2016128324A1 (de) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080143906A1 (en) | 2006-10-12 | 2008-06-19 | Cambrios Technologies Corporation | Nanowire-based transparent conductors and applications thereof |
| WO2013056155A2 (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2013-04-18 | Cambrios Technologies Corporation | Opto-electrical devices incorporating metal nanowires |
| US20140284083A1 (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2014-09-25 | Innova Dynamics, Inc. | Patterned transparent conductors and related manufacturing methods |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1840648A1 (de) | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-03 | Sony Deutschland Gmbh | Verfahren zur Aufbringung eines Musters aus Metall und/oder Halbleiter auf ein Substrat |
| US20120103660A1 (en) | 2010-11-02 | 2012-05-03 | Cambrios Technologies Corporation | Grid and nanostructure transparent conductor for low sheet resistance applications |
| KR101374374B1 (ko) | 2011-08-11 | 2014-03-17 | 제일모직주식회사 | 점착제 조성물, 점착필름, 그 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 디스플레이 부재 |
| CN103258596B (zh) | 2013-04-27 | 2016-12-28 | 苏州诺菲纳米科技有限公司 | 导电薄膜的消影方法 |
| DE102012214325B4 (de) | 2012-08-10 | 2017-06-08 | Osram Oled Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines optoelektronischen Bauelementes und Verfahren zum Strukturieren eines organischen, optoelektronischen Bauelementes |
-
2016
- 2016-02-05 US US15/549,994 patent/US10217941B2/en active Active
- 2016-02-05 KR KR1020177022168A patent/KR20170110628A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-02-05 WO PCT/EP2016/052518 patent/WO2016128324A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2016-02-05 DE DE112016000659.4T patent/DE112016000659B4/de active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080143906A1 (en) | 2006-10-12 | 2008-06-19 | Cambrios Technologies Corporation | Nanowire-based transparent conductors and applications thereof |
| US20140284083A1 (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2014-09-25 | Innova Dynamics, Inc. | Patterned transparent conductors and related manufacturing methods |
| WO2013056155A2 (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2013-04-18 | Cambrios Technologies Corporation | Opto-electrical devices incorporating metal nanowires |
| US20130105770A1 (en) | 2011-10-13 | 2013-05-02 | Cambrios Technologies Corporation | Opto-electrical devices incorporating metal nanowires |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE112016000659A5 (de) | 2017-10-26 |
| DE112016000659B4 (de) | 2021-11-18 |
| US10217941B2 (en) | 2019-02-26 |
| US20180013066A1 (en) | 2018-01-11 |
| KR20170110628A (ko) | 2017-10-11 |
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