WO2016119196A1 - Procédé de codage d'image, appareil et dispositif de traitement d'image - Google Patents

Procédé de codage d'image, appareil et dispositif de traitement d'image Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016119196A1
WO2016119196A1 PCT/CN2015/071904 CN2015071904W WO2016119196A1 WO 2016119196 A1 WO2016119196 A1 WO 2016119196A1 CN 2015071904 W CN2015071904 W CN 2015071904W WO 2016119196 A1 WO2016119196 A1 WO 2016119196A1
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Prior art keywords
pixel
palette
encoding
encoded
components
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PCT/CN2015/071904
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
朱建清
王争
徐张磊
叶姜莉
数井君彦
Original Assignee
富士通株式会社
朱建清
王争
徐张磊
叶姜莉
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Priority to PCT/CN2015/071904 priority Critical patent/WO2016119196A1/fr
Priority to CN201580049133.0A priority patent/CN106688236B/zh
Publication of WO2016119196A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016119196A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of graphic image technology, and in particular, to an image encoding method, apparatus, and image processing apparatus.
  • Palette-based coding is widely used in graphic image technology (especially video coding technology).
  • a coding unit for the image area to be encoded, for example, a coding unit (CU), including a plurality of pixels having color values (for example, RGB mode, having 24 bits of true color); in order to reduce the storage bits
  • the storage capacity of the image image which can usually point the pixel to the data index of the palette.
  • the color value of each output pixel can be determined by looking up a palette with a corresponding data index.
  • the palette is a set of pixel values. For pixels whose pixel values are in the palette, only the pixel index corresponding to the pixel value in the palette is used. Thereby, only the palette and the index corresponding to the pixels in the coding unit can be bit-stream encoded, and the bit cost of the coding can be reduced.
  • a scheme using a non-palette mode for example, an escape mode
  • the pixel value of the pixel may be directly used for encoding; or the pixel may be further predicted, and the pixel is not toned.
  • the prediction index in the board prediction table (which may be referred to as an escape predictor table) and the corresponding flag are encoded.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an image encoding method, apparatus, and image processing apparatus. Even images that are not in the 4:4:4 signal format can be applied with palette-based encoding, further increasing the compression ratio to reduce the bit cost of encoding.
  • an image encoding method including:
  • the palette includes a first portion and a second portion, each item of the first portion having a plurality of components including a luminance component and a chrominance component, Each item of the second part has a luminance component;
  • the pixel index corresponding to the pixel of the palette mode and the encoding information corresponding to the pixel of the non-palette mode are used for bit stream encoding.
  • an image encoding apparatus including:
  • a mode determining unit determining, by using a palette mode, a plurality of pixels in the image region to be encoded, and determining to adopt a non-palette mode for the other one or more pixels in the image region to be encoded;
  • a palette determining unit that determines a palette corresponding to the image region to be encoded; wherein the palette includes a first portion and a second portion, each item of the first portion having a luminance component and a chrominance component a plurality of components, each of the second portions having a luminance component;
  • a pixel index determining unit configured to determine a corresponding pixel index for the pixel adopting the palette mode
  • the encoding information determining unit determines corresponding encoding information for the pixels adopting the non-pal palette mode
  • the bitstream encoding unit performs bitstream encoding on the palette, using a pixel index corresponding to the pixel of the palette mode and encoding information corresponding to the pixel in the non-palette mode.
  • an image processing apparatus comprising the image encoding apparatus as described above.
  • a computer readable program wherein when the program is executed in an image processing apparatus, the program causes a computer to perform image encoding as described above in the image processing apparatus method.
  • a storage medium storing a computer readable program, wherein the computer readable program causes a computer to perform an image encoding method as described above in an image processing apparatus.
  • An advantageous effect of an embodiment of the present invention is to determine a palette corresponding to an image region to be encoded; wherein the palette includes a first portion and a second portion, each item of the first portion having a luminance component and a chrominance component a plurality of components, each of the second portions having a luminance component; and the palette, the pixel index corresponding to the pixel of the palette mode and the encoding information corresponding to the pixel using the non-palette mode Bitstream encoding.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an example of a coding unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another example of a coding unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of luminance samples and chroma samples in an image of a 4:4:4 signal format
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of luminance samples and chroma samples in an image of a 4:2:2 signal format
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of luminance samples and chroma samples in an image of a 4:2:0 signal format
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of an image encoding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is another schematic flowchart of an image encoding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an image encoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a block diagram showing the structure of an image processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a coding unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a case of a coding unit (CU).
  • the coding unit has 8 ⁇ 8 pixels; pixels having the same pixel value use the same symbol to represent pixel values, such as C0, C1, ..., C8.
  • C6, C7, and C8 in FIG. 1 can be considered to adopt a non-palette mode (which can also be called an escape mode).
  • the non-palette mode is adopted for C6, C7, and C8 in FIG. 1, and the other pixels are illustrated by using the palette mode as an example.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another example of a coding unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing an index situation after the coding unit of FIG. 1 adopts a Palette.
  • the index of the pixel value C0 in the palette is 0, the index of the pixel value C1 in the palette is 1, the index of the pixel value C2 in the palette is 2, and the pixel value C3 is adjusted.
  • the index in the swatch is 3, the index of the pixel value C4 in the palette is 4, and the index of the pixel value C5 in the palette is 5.
  • 3 is a schematic diagram of luminance (luma) sample and chroma sample distribution in an image of 4:4:4 signal format, as shown in FIG. 3, in a 4:4:4 signal format image, each pixel Both correspond to one luminance sample and one chrominance sample. For example, one luminance component Y and two chrominance components UV are transmitted for each pixel.
  • 4 is a schematic diagram of luminance sample and chrominance sample distribution in an image of a 4:2:2 signal format. As shown in FIG. 4, in a 4:2:2 signal format image, each pixel has a luminance sample and Every two pixels have a chroma sample.
  • 5 is a schematic diagram of luminance sample and chrominance sample distribution in an image of a 4:2:0 signal format. As shown in FIG. 5, in a 4:2:0 signal format image, each pixel has a luminance sample and There is one chroma sample every four pixels.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above signal format.
  • the following describes the embodiment of the present invention by taking the 4:2:2 signal format and the 4:2:0 signal format as an example.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of an image encoding method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the encoding method includes:
  • Step 601 determining, by using a palette mode, a plurality of pixels in the image region to be encoded, and determining to adopt a non-palette mode for the other one or more pixels in the image region to be encoded;
  • Step 602 determining a palette corresponding to the image region to be encoded; wherein the palette includes a first portion and a second portion, each item of the first portion having a plurality of components including a luminance component and a chrominance component Each of the second portions has a luminance component;
  • Step 603 determining a corresponding pixel index for the pixel adopting the palette mode
  • Step 604 determining corresponding coding information for using pixels in the non-palette mode
  • Step 605 Perform bitstream encoding on the color palette, using a pixel index corresponding to the pixel of the palette mode and encoding information corresponding to the pixel in the non-palette mode.
  • the to-be-coded image area may be a current coding unit (CU) or a current maximum coding unit (LCU).
  • CU current coding unit
  • LCU current maximum coding unit
  • the palette may include a first portion and a second portion, wherein each item of the first portion has a plurality of components including a luminance component and a chrominance component, each of the second portions having a luminance component.
  • the plurality of components are YUV, wherein Y is the luminance component, and U and V are the chrominance components; Or the plurality of components is YCbCr, wherein Y is the luminance component, and Cb and Cr are the chrominance components.
  • the invention is not limited thereto, and for example, other color components may also be used.
  • Table 1 is a practical example of a color palette of an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Table 1, the palette may have, for example, 64 items, each item being identified by an index (e.g., 0, 1, ..., 63), and each item representing a pixel value.
  • an index e.g., 0, 1, ..., 63
  • the palette can include two parts.
  • the length of the first part is Part1PaletteNum, where each item has three components of YUV, and the index corresponding to the first part may be (0, Part1PaletteNum-1), that is, (0, 31) shown in Table 1.
  • the length of the second part is Part2PaletteNum, where each item has a Y component, and the index corresponding to the second part may be (Part1PaletteNum, Part1PaletteNum+Part2PaletteNum-1), that is, (32, 63) shown in Table 1.
  • first part and the second part in Table 1 are arranged in order, but the invention is not limited thereto, for example, the first part may be arranged behind the second part, or the first part and the second part may also be mixed. arrangement.
  • the palette shown in Table 1 will be described as an example.
  • the order of execution of steps 601 to 605 is not limited, and a specific execution order may be determined according to actual conditions.
  • the order of step 603 and step 604 can be exchanged, or the pixel index can be encoded after determining the pixel index in step 603, and so on.
  • a related technique can be employed for prediction, thereby further reducing the bit cost.
  • prediction techniques can also be used for prediction, thereby further reducing the bit cost.
  • the pixel index of the pixel in the palette is bit-stream encoded.
  • a plurality of components of the pixel value of the pixel may be encoded, or only a single component (for example, a luminance component) of the pixel value of the pixel may be encoded.
  • a single component for example, a luminance component
  • determining the encoding information for the pixel with the coordinates of (x, y) in the non-palette mode may include: determining whether the chroma component corresponding to the pixel (x, y) has been encoded, wherein the corresponding chroma The coordinates of the component are (x/SubWidthC, y/SubHeightC); in the case where the chrominance component of the coordinate (x/SubWidthC, y/SubHeightC) has been encoded, the luminance component of the pixel (x, y) is determined to be encoded. information;
  • the chrominance component whose coordinates are (x/SubWidthC, y/SubHeightC) is not encoded, it is possible to first encode whether to represent only a single component (for example, a Y component) or a plurality of components (for example, three components of YUV).
  • the flag bit is encoded.
  • the encoding information further includes a luminance component of the pixel (x, y) and a corresponding chrominance component, and the color is (x/SubWidthC, y/SubHeightC)
  • the degree component is marked as having been encoded; otherwise, it is determined that the encoded information further includes a luminance component of the pixel (x, y).
  • SubWidthC and SubHeightC are predetermined based on the signal format.
  • Table 2 shows an example of a specific determination.
  • the SubWidthC and SubHeightC are 2 and 1, respectively.
  • Figure 7 shows a practical example of a chroma sample corresponding to the 4:2:2 signal format.
  • the pixel (2x, y) and the pixel (2x +1, y) share the same chrominance sample. Therefore, U(x, y) and V(x, y) can be encoded in either of the above two pixels, whether in a palette mode or a non-palette mode.
  • the SubWidthC and SubHeightC are 2 and 2, respectively.
  • Figure 8 shows a practical example of a chroma sample corresponding to the 4:2:0 signal format.
  • pixels (2x, 2y), pixels (2x+1, 2y), pixels (2x, 2y+1), and pixels (2x+1, 2y+1) Share the same chroma sample. Therefore, U(x, y) and V(x, y) can be encoded in any of the above four pixels In either the palette mode or the non-palette mode.
  • performing bitstream encoding on the encoding information corresponding to the pixels in the non-palette mode may specifically include: if the encoding information is a plurality of components of the pixel value, The plurality of components are encoded; and in the case where the encoded information is a luminance component of the pixel value, the luminance component is encoded. Further, an identification bit indicating that the encoded information is a plurality of components, and/or an identification bit indicating that the encoded information is a luminance component may be encoded.
  • the luminance component is 122
  • the corresponding chrominance component is (78, 63); here, the corresponding The coordinates of the chrominance component are (x/2, y). If the corresponding chroma component has been encoded, then only the luma component 122 is encoded for the pixel (x, y), in which case it is not necessary to encode the flag indicating that only one component is encoded, since it can be coordinated by The chrominance component of (x/2, y) has been determined by encoding this condition;
  • an identification bit (eg, 0 or 1) indicating that only a single component or three components are encoded may be encoded; if the flag indicates a pair The three components are encoded (eg, the flag is 0), the luminance component 122 and the corresponding chrominance component (78, 63) are encoded, and the chrominance component labeled (x/2, y) is labeled If it is encoded; if the flag indicates that only a single component is encoded (eg, the flag is 1), then only the luminance component 122 is encoded.
  • the pixel index of the pixel (x, y) is located in the first portion of the palette, for example, the pixel index is at (0, When Part1PaletteNum-1) is within range
  • the pixel of the pixel (x, y) is used at the time of decoding to index a plurality of components corresponding to the palette. That is, for the pixel (x, y), the corresponding pixel value YUV component in the palette is valid; and the chrominance component having the coordinates (x/SubWidthC, y/SubHeightC) is recorded as encoded.
  • Table 3 shows a pseudo code example of an embodiment of the present invention, where the example is based on JCTVC-S 1005, and the prediction method of the palette of JCTVC-S1005 is used.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and for example, appropriate modifications or adjustments can also be made.
  • FIG. 9 is another schematic flowchart of an image encoding method according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a case where encoding information is determined one by one for each pixel in a CU.
  • the image encoding method includes:
  • Step 901 Determine a mode of each pixel in the CU.
  • Step 902 determining a palette of the CU.
  • the specific content of the palette may be as described above, and may include two parts.
  • step 903 it is determined whether the current pixel (x, y) adopts a non-palette mode; in the case of adopting the palette mode, step 910 is performed, and in the case of adopting the non-palette mode, step 904 is performed.
  • Step 904 it is judged whether the chrominance component of the corresponding coordinate (x/SubWidthC, y/SubHeightC) has been encoded; if the chrominance component of (x/SubWidthC, y/SubHeightC) has been encoded, then the step is performed. 905, otherwise step 906 is performed.
  • the values of SubWidthC and SubHeightC can be determined according to the signal format of the image, as described above.
  • Step 905 determining a luminance component of the current pixel as the encoding information of the pixel
  • Step 906 it is determined whether to encode a plurality of components or a single component; in the case of encoding a plurality of components, step 907 is performed, and in the case of encoding a single component, step 909 is performed;
  • Step 907 Determine that the encoding information includes an identifier bit indicating that a plurality of components are encoded, and a plurality of components of the current pixel.
  • step 908 the chrominance component having the coordinates (x/SubWidthC, y/SubHeightC) is marked as encoded.
  • Step 909 determining that the encoding information includes an identifier bit indicating that a single component is encoded, and a luminance component of the current pixel.
  • Step 910 determining a corresponding pixel index based on the color palette.
  • step 911 it is determined whether there are other pixels, and if so, step 903 is performed for the next pixel.
  • bit stream encoding may be performed immediately, or after the scanning is completed. There are pixels for bitstream encoding, and the timing of encoding can be determined according to actual conditions.
  • the palette corresponding to the image region to be encoded is determined; wherein the palette comprises a first portion and a second portion, each item of the first portion having a plurality of components including a luminance component and a chrominance component a component, each item of the second portion has a luminance component; for the color palette, a pixel index corresponding to a pixel of a palette mode and an encoding information corresponding to a pixel of a non-palette mode are used for bit stream encoding .
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an image encoding apparatus, which corresponds to the image encoding method in Embodiment 1, and the same content is not described herein again.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an image encoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 10, the encoding apparatus 1000 includes:
  • the mode determining unit 1001 determines that a palette mode is adopted for a plurality of pixels in the image region to be encoded, and determines that a non-palette mode is adopted for the other one or more pixels in the image region to be encoded;
  • a palette determining unit 1002 determining a palette corresponding to the image region to be encoded; wherein the palette includes a first portion and a second portion, each item of the first portion having a luminance component and a chrominance component a plurality of components, each of the second portions having a luminance component;
  • the pixel index determining unit 1003 determines a corresponding pixel index for the pixel adopting the palette mode
  • the encoding information determining unit 1004 determines corresponding encoding information for the pixels adopting the non-pal palette mode
  • the bit stream encoding unit 1005 performs bit stream encoding on the palette, the pixel index corresponding to the pixels in the palette mode, and the encoding information corresponding to the pixels in the non-palette mode.
  • the bitstream encoding unit 1005 may be specifically configured to: when the encoding information is a plurality of components of the pixel value, encode the multiple components; In the case of a luminance component of the pixel value, the luminance component is encoded.
  • the bitstream encoding unit 1005 may further perform bitstream encoding on the identifier bit that identifies the encoding information as a plurality of components, and/or the identifier bit that identifies the encoding information as a luminance component.
  • the encoding apparatus 1000 may further include:
  • the component determination unit 1006 determines whether the chrominance component whose coordinate is (x/SubWidthC, y/SubHeightC) is Has been encoded; wherein the SubWidthC and SubHeightC are predetermined based on a signal format, (x, y) is the coordinates of the pixel in the non-palette mode; the encoding information determining unit 1004 may specifically be used to: In the case where the chroma component of the coordinate (x/SubWidthC, y/SubHeightC) has been encoded, the luminance component of the pixel (x, y) is determined as the encoding information.
  • the encoding apparatus 1000 may further include:
  • the encoding determination unit 1007 determines whether to encode a plurality of components or a single component in a case where the chrominance component whose coordinates are (x/SubWidthC, y/SubHeightC) is not encoded; the encoding information determining unit 1004 may also For determining, in the case of encoding a plurality of components, the encoding information includes an identifier indicating encoding of a plurality of components and a plurality of components of the pixel (x, y); encoding a single component In the case, the encoding information is determined to include an identification bit that encodes a single component and a luminance component of the pixel (x, y).
  • the encoding apparatus 1000 may further include:
  • the coding flag unit 1008 marks, in the case of encoding a plurality of components, a chrominance component having a coordinate of (x/SubWidthC, y/SubHeightC) as already encoded.
  • the signal format may be 4:2:0, SubWidthC and SubHeightC are 2 and 2, respectively; or, the signal format may be 4:2:2, and SubWidthC and SubHeightC are 2 and 1, respectively.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be other signal formats, for example.
  • the plurality of components may be YUV, wherein Y is a luminance component, U and V are chrominance components; or the plurality of components may be YCbCr, where Y is a luminance component, and Cb and Cr are colors. Degree component.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be other modes, for example.
  • the pixel index of the pixel (x, y) is located in the first portion of the palette, if the coordinates (x/SubWidthC, y) The chrominance component of /SubHeightC) has been encoded, then only the pixel corresponding to the pixel (x, y) is used to index the corresponding luminance component in the palette; if the chromaticity of the coordinates (x/SubWidthC, y/SubHeightC) The components are not encoded, and the pixels of the pixel (x, y) are used at the time of decoding to index a plurality of components corresponding to the palette.
  • the palette corresponding to the image region to be encoded is determined; wherein the palette comprises a first portion and a second portion, each item of the first portion having a plurality of components including a luminance component and a chrominance component a component, each item of the second portion has a luminance component; for the color palette, a pixel index corresponding to a pixel of a palette mode and an encoding information corresponding to a pixel of a non-palette mode are used for bit stream encoding .
  • the compression ratio can be further increased to reduce the bit cost of encoding.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an image processing apparatus, where the image processing apparatus includes the image encoding apparatus according to Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the structure of an image processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image processing apparatus 1100 may include a central processing unit (CPU) 100 and a memory 110; the memory 110 is coupled to the central processing unit 100.
  • the memory 110 can store various data; in addition, a program for information processing is stored, and the program is executed under the control of the central processing unit 100.
  • the functionality of image encoding device 1000 may be integrated into central processor 100.
  • the central processing unit 100 can be configured to implement the image encoding method as described in Embodiment 1.
  • the image encoding device 1000 can be configured separately from the central processing unit.
  • the image encoding device 1000 can be configured as a chip connected to the central processing unit 100, and the image encoding device 1000 can be implemented by the control of the central processing unit.
  • the image processing apparatus 1100 may further include: an input and output unit 120, a display unit 130, and the like; wherein the functions of the above components are similar to those of the prior art, and are not described herein again. It is to be noted that the image processing apparatus 1100 does not necessarily have to include all of the components shown in FIG. 11; further, the image processing apparatus 1100 may further include components not shown in FIG. 11, and reference may be made to the related art.
  • the image processing apparatus 1100 may further include: an image decoding device that can perform decoding correspondingly.
  • the image processing apparatus 1100 can implement the functions of the image decoding apparatus by the control of the central processing unit 100 as described above.
  • the image decoding device may use only the pixel of the pixel (x, y) to index the corresponding luminance component in the palette; if the chrominance component of the coordinate (x/SubWidthC, y/SubHeightC) Without being encoded, the image decoding device may use the pixels of the pixel (x, y) to index a plurality of components corresponding to the palette.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable program, wherein when the program is executed in an image processing apparatus, the program causes a computer to execute the image encoding side described in Embodiment 1 in the image processing apparatus law.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a storage medium storing a computer readable program, wherein the computer readable program causes a computer to execute the image encoding method described in Embodiment 1 in an image processing apparatus.
  • the above apparatus and method of the present invention may be implemented by hardware or by hardware in combination with software.
  • the present invention relates to a computer readable program that, when executed by a logic component, enables the logic component to implement the apparatus or components described above, or to cause the logic component to implement the various methods described above Or steps.
  • the present invention also relates to a storage medium for storing the above program, such as a hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a DVD, a flash memory, or the like.
  • One or more of the functional blocks described in the figures and/or one or more combinations of functional blocks may be implemented as a general purpose processor, digital signal processor (DSP) for performing the functions described herein.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • One or more of the functional blocks described with respect to the figures and/or one or more combinations of functional blocks may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, eg, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors One or more microprocessors in conjunction with DSP communication or any other such configuration.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de codage d'image, un appareil et un dispositif de traitement d'image, le procédé de codage d'image comprenant : la détermination de l'utilisation d'un mode palette ou d'un mode échappement sur chaque pixel dans une région d'image à coder; la détermination de la palette correspondant à la région d'image à coder, chaque élément d'une première partie de la palette ayant plusieurs composantes, et chaque élément d'une seconde partie ayant des composantes de luminance; la détermination d'un indice de pixels correspondant pour les pixels qui utilisent le mode palette; la détermination d'informations de codage correspondantes pour les pixels qui utilisent le mode échappement; et la réalisation d'un codage de trains de bits sur la palette, l'indice de pixels et les informations de codage. Ainsi, des codes basés sur une palette peuvent être appliqués sur une image ayant un format de signal différent de 4:4:4, et le coût binaire d'un code peut être réduit grâce à un taux de compression encore plus élevé.
PCT/CN2015/071904 2015-01-30 2015-01-30 Procédé de codage d'image, appareil et dispositif de traitement d'image WO2016119196A1 (fr)

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