WO2016118042A1 - Dispositif de culture intensive du champignon pleurote et procédé d'utilisation de ces dispositifs (ses variantes) - Google Patents

Dispositif de culture intensive du champignon pleurote et procédé d'utilisation de ces dispositifs (ses variantes) Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016118042A1
WO2016118042A1 PCT/RU2015/000039 RU2015000039W WO2016118042A1 WO 2016118042 A1 WO2016118042 A1 WO 2016118042A1 RU 2015000039 W RU2015000039 W RU 2015000039W WO 2016118042 A1 WO2016118042 A1 WO 2016118042A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
columns
carousel
mushrooms
column
fruiting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2015/000039
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Сергей Васильевич ДРОЗДОВСКИЙ
Original Assignee
Сергей Васильевич ДРОЗДОВСКИЙ
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Сергей Васильевич ДРОЗДОВСКИЙ filed Critical Сергей Васильевич ДРОЗДОВСКИЙ
Priority to PCT/RU2015/000039 priority Critical patent/WO2016118042A1/fr
Publication of WO2016118042A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016118042A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
    • A01G18/62—Racks; Trays

Definitions

  • a device for intensive cultivation of oyster mushrooms and a method for using these devices (its variants).
  • the invention relates to the field of agriculture, and specifically to the field of industrial cultivation of oyster mushrooms or other tree-growing mushrooms, for example, shiitake, mushrooms and other mushrooms as food for the population.
  • the invention can be used to create devices for an intensive high-performance method for the cultivation of oyster mushrooms in greenhouses with a controlled climate.
  • the device comprises a platform on a wheeled chassis. On each platform, the estimated number of vertical support rods is installed. On each such rod, a pallet and a fixing tube of the substrate block are vertically fixed rotatably around the axis of the rod.
  • the auxiliary cassette is made of a collapsible cylinder-shaped sleeve with an open top and a continuous bottom at the bottom of the sleeve with a central hole in the bottom of this sleeve, a fixing tube is installed in this hole, fixed with a needle from the bottom to this bottom.
  • a lattice holder stuffed with a substrate seeded with oyster mushroom mycelium.
  • On this block vertically mounted on each other, for example, two, three or more pieces of similar substrate blocks, forming a vertical fruiting column with a height of, for example, 2 * 5 meters.
  • all the fixing tubes in the column are vertically bonded to each other with their end connections.
  • This column is supported vertically on a pallet with the possibility of its rotation together with the pallet and fixing tubes around the axis of its support rod.
  • a whole fruiting column is formed from the substrate of all blocks connected (all blocks without cassettes) by germinating mycelium of oyster mushrooms until the growth of these mushrooms and the harvest of these mushrooms from these columns are completed. This ensures free access to any vertical surface of the column or the surface of the fruiting column during cultivation and harvesting of mushrooms.
  • Technical effect increasing the efficiency of intensive cultivation of oyster mushrooms with an increase in the commercial quality of the collected mushrooms and increasing the yield of the collection of oyster mushrooms collected from a unit of production area.
  • the device significantly reduces damage to the embryo of mushrooms, optimizes the growth conditions of mushrooms, which increases the commercial quality of mushrooms. Increases labor productivity and the convenience of workers when they perform technological operations.
  • the objective of the claimed invention is: to increase the productivity of intensive cultivation and harvesting of oyster mushrooms, as well as increasing productivity per unit of production area compared to the specified prototype while maintaining the number of cultivated and harvested mushrooms.
  • the aim of the invention is: the creation of a more efficient device for intensive cultivation and harvest of oyster mushrooms with optimal conditions for the growth of oyster mushrooms with an increase in the yield of collected oyster mushrooms by increasing the density of columns or fruiting columns per unit of production area of greenhouses.
  • the device for intensive cultivation of oyster mushrooms contains a platform on a wheeled chassis for rolling on the floor of this platform for sliding the platforms in rows and forming a process passage between these rows.
  • the estimated number of support rods is vertically installed on each platform.
  • a pallet and a fixing tube are vertically worn (with the substrate block fixed to the tube from the bottom bottom, stuffed with the mycelium substrate for germination of oyster mushrooms).
  • On this substrate block and on its fixing tube vertically mounted on top of each other, for example, two, three or more pieces of similar substrate blocks (fixed vertically between each other by end connections of their fixing tubes).
  • These substrate blocks form a vertical fruiting column with a height of, for example, 2 ...
  • This column leans vertically on a pallet with the possibility of its rotation together with the pallet and fixing tubes around the axis of its support rod.
  • a whole fruiting column is formed from the substrate of all blocks connected by the germinated oyster mushroom mycelium until the growth of these mushrooms is complete and these mushrooms are harvested from these columns. This ensures free access to any vertical surface of the column or the surface of the fruiting column during cultivation and harvesting of mushrooms.
  • the claimed device is different in that the estimated number of vertical carousel rods and carousels is installed on the platform to support columns or pillars of fruiting of oyster mushrooms, planted one carousel on each individual carousel stock.
  • Each carousel is made in the form of a cross with several shoulders located radially in the horizontal plane of the cross at equal angles between any adjacent shoulders.
  • Each such shoulder is fixedly mounted on the common sleeve of the carousel crosspiece with a hole in the center of this sleeve for mounting the crosspiece with this sleeve on the carousel rod with the possibility of turning this crosspiece in a horizontal plane around the axis of the carousel rod.
  • each vertical support rod is installed to support a vertical column or fruiting column.
  • a pallet and substrate blocks are installed with fixing tubes forming the specified vertical column or fruiting column (supported in vertical position by these fixing tubes with the possibility of their rotation on the carousel around the axis of their supporting rod).
  • the number of carousels and the number of columns or fruiting columns on each carousel, as well as their location over the platform area, was made taking into account the formation of the maximum number of these columns or columns in the platform area with the possibility of conducting optimal cultivation of oyster mushrooms in each specified column or column to optimize cultivation processes and harvesting these mushrooms on the surface of any of these columns or pillars to increase yield from a unit of production area of greenhouses.
  • the technical effect consists in the fact that labor productivity and convenience for workers are significantly increased during technological operations during the cultivation and harvest of oyster mushrooms due to the constant comfortable access of workers' hands to any surface of columns or fruiting columns when working from one working position due to the rotation of the carousel with these columns or pillars with a minimum number of technological transitions of the worker when working at one carousel.
  • the method of using the devices according to claim 1 is characterized in that, for example, the worker before carrying out the indicated work and harvesting the mushrooms takes up a workplace in front of the column or fruiting column nearest to it.
  • the worker performs the indicated work or harvest of oyster mushrooms, for example, at the lower levels of all columns or fruiting posts on one carousel (turning the carousel and columns or columns as necessary). Then the worker (being in the same place) performs similarly technological work or harvesting mushrooms from an average level of the same columns or fruiting posts. After that, the worker (being at the same place), performs similarly technological work or harvesting mushrooms from the top level of the same columns or pillars. Then the worker moves closer to the next carousel with columns or columns of fruiting and performs similar work or harvesting mushrooms from all columns or columns of fruiting on this carousel.
  • An additional technical and economic effect of the method according to claim 2 is that the productivity of cultivation and harvesting of oyster mushrooms is significantly increased due to a significant reduction in the number of technological transitions, and the comfort of work conditions is also increased.
  • the method of using the devices according to claim 1 and / or claim 2 of the formula is characterized in that every two rows of platforms are shifted close to each other, forming paired rows of platforms without a technological passage between these rows.
  • the technological passage is formed directly only between the paired rows of platforms, where they carry out maintenance, technological operations for the cultivation and harvest of oyster mushrooms on columns or fruiting posts formed on rotary devices accessible to workers in these technological passages between the paired rows of platforms.
  • all rows of platforms are shifted closely without technological passages.
  • one or more reserve technological passages are left, and if necessary, the indicated work is left between two adjacent rows of platforms or a technological pass is formed.
  • one row of platforms is successively pushed apart to create this technological passage between two rows due to the use of the area of reserve technological passageways.
  • An additional technical and economic effect of the methods according to claim 2 and claim 3 is that with this method of arranging the platforms two or more times the number of technological passes is reduced. This increases the density of the number of columns or fruiting columns per unit of production area, which allows to increase the collection of mushrooms from a unit of production area of greenhouses.
  • the figure 1 of the drawing shows a platform with a right carousel installed on it.
  • Figure C shows a front view of this platform.
  • Figure A shows the left view of this platform.
  • Figure B shows a plan view of this platform.
  • Figure 2 shows a platform with two roundabouts with fruiting columns mounted on the right roundabout.
  • Figure F shows the front view of this platform.
  • Figure D shows the left view of this platform.
  • Figure E shows a plan view of this platform.
  • Figure 1 in views A, B and C shows a platform 1 mounted on a wheeled chassis 2.
  • a motionless vertical rotary rod Za is mounted from above.
  • a motionless vertical rotary rod Z3 is installed in the center, on the surface of the right half of the area of this platform.
  • the right carousel 4b is rotated (around this rod) on the stock shaft Z3.
  • the carousel is made in the form of a six-arm cross with a central hub 5b.
  • a hole is made for fixing the carousel with the nozzle of this sleeve on the carousel rod Z3.
  • Figure 2 shows a platform with the vertical carousel rods Za and Zb fixedly mounted on it.
  • a carousel 4a is rotated (around the axis of this rod), and on the rod Z3, a right carousel 4b.
  • support rods 7a with pallets 8a mounted on these stocks.
  • stem 7a is shown.
  • one fixing tube 9a is installed (shown without substrate blocks for clarity).
  • the following three rods 7a (mounted to the right) show three substrate blocks 10a filled with a substrate with mycelium of oyster mushrooms 11a. Each such block is mounted on its pallet 8a and vertically fixed with its fixing tube 9a on its stem Za. On the right side of the platform, seven 12B fruit bearing columns are shown mounted on the 4b carousel. Each such column is formed of three substrate blocks 10b. Each lower substrate block of the specified column is mounted on its stock 3b on a pallet 8b. All three blocks of the specified column are mounted vertically on top of each other and are fixed vertically between each other by their fixing tubes 9b with the possibility of rotation of any such column with a pallet around the axis of its rod. Similarly, seven fruiting columns can be assembled on the left carousel 4a.
  • a support wheel, a hinge or a roller 13 for rolling the carousel when it rotates in a circle (around its carousel rod) with the support of each such column or column on the platform and by rolling all of these columns or pillars on a carousel on this platform using these wheels, hinges or rollers.
  • the methods of maintenance, technological operations of intensive cultivation and harvest of oyster mushrooms on these devices are as follows.
  • the worker takes a work place in front of the column or fruiting column nearest to him on the carousel closest to him and on this column or column performs the indicated work or harvest of oyster mushrooms, for example, at the lower levels of all these columns or columns on one carousel (turning this carousel as needed).
  • the worker (being in the same place) performs similarly technological work or harvesting mushrooms from an average level of the same columns or pillars.
  • the worker (being in the same place) performs similarly technological work or harvesting mushrooms from the upper level of the same columns or pillars.
  • the worker moves closer to the next carousel with columns or columns of fruiting and performs similar work or harvesting mushrooms from all of these columns or pillars on this carousel.
  • the formulas for increasing the yield per unit area are shifted close to each other two rows of platforms, forming pairs of two rows without a technological passage between them. At the same time, technological passages are formed only between pairs of shifted rows of platforms to carry out the necessary technological work.
  • all the rows of platforms are shifted closely without technological passages, one or more standby technological passages are left in the greenhouse area, and if necessary, the indicated passage is formed between two adjacent rows of platforms to form a technological passage, sequentially spreading along one row of platforms to create this technological passage between in two rows due to the use of the area of reserve technological walkways.
  • the device can be made of known materials using standard technologies.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne l'agriculture et notamment la culture industrielle de champignons. Le dispositif comprend une plate-forme mobile sur châssis à roues. A la surface supérieure de la plate-forme on a fixé verticalement et rigidement une ou plusieurs tiges de carrousel. Sur chaque tige de carrousel on a fixé une palette. Sur la palette on a monté verticalement les uns sur les autres des blocs de substrat avec des tubes de fixation assemblés entre eux de manière amovible à la verticale pour former une colonne verticale de fructification. Chaque bloc de substrat est assemblé à partir d'une cassette auxiliaire dans laquelle on a monté une cage à grilles et un tube de fixation entre lesquels on a tassé un substrat avec du mycélium pour permettre la croissance libre de champignons à la surface de la cage et l'accès libre aux champignons après l'enlèvement de la cassette. Après l'expansion du mycélium, les cassettes supplémentaires sont enlevées pour former des colonnes entières de fructification jusqu'à la croissance complète des champignons. Le dispositif proposé permet d'assurer une augmentation sensible du rendement de culture de champignons et une meilleure récolte de champignons sur une unité d'espace de productivité de serres.
PCT/RU2015/000039 2015-01-22 2015-01-22 Dispositif de culture intensive du champignon pleurote et procédé d'utilisation de ces dispositifs (ses variantes) WO2016118042A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/RU2015/000039 WO2016118042A1 (fr) 2015-01-22 2015-01-22 Dispositif de culture intensive du champignon pleurote et procédé d'utilisation de ces dispositifs (ses variantes)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/RU2015/000039 WO2016118042A1 (fr) 2015-01-22 2015-01-22 Dispositif de culture intensive du champignon pleurote et procédé d'utilisation de ces dispositifs (ses variantes)

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016118042A1 true WO2016118042A1 (fr) 2016-07-28

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PCT/RU2015/000039 WO2016118042A1 (fr) 2015-01-22 2015-01-22 Dispositif de culture intensive du champignon pleurote et procédé d'utilisation de ces dispositifs (ses variantes)

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WO (1) WO2016118042A1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2434379C2 (ru) * 2008-09-25 2011-11-27 Сергей Васильевич Дроздовский Устройство для интенсивного культивирования грибов вешенка
WO2014148840A1 (fr) * 2013-03-20 2014-09-25 Choi Ho Sung Appareil de culture de champignons

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2434379C2 (ru) * 2008-09-25 2011-11-27 Сергей Васильевич Дроздовский Устройство для интенсивного культивирования грибов вешенка
WO2014148840A1 (fr) * 2013-03-20 2014-09-25 Choi Ho Sung Appareil de culture de champignons

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