WO2016117487A1 - Vehicle control apparatus - Google Patents

Vehicle control apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016117487A1
WO2016117487A1 PCT/JP2016/051224 JP2016051224W WO2016117487A1 WO 2016117487 A1 WO2016117487 A1 WO 2016117487A1 JP 2016051224 W JP2016051224 W JP 2016051224W WO 2016117487 A1 WO2016117487 A1 WO 2016117487A1
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distance
correction
detection distance
detection
vehicle
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PCT/JP2016/051224
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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仁 胡桃沢
光宏 時政
豊晴 勝倉
緒方 義久
剛 名波
喬士 西田
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株式会社デンソー
トヨタ自動車株式会社
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Publication of WO2016117487A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016117487A1/en

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/93Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/16Anti-collision systems

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  • the present invention relates to a vehicle control device that is mounted on a vehicle or the like and detects a preceding vehicle existing in front of the vehicle.
  • a vehicle control device that detects the inter-vehicle distance between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle and controls the inter-vehicle distance and speed according to the vehicle speed.
  • the difference between the detection distance based on the position of the rear end of the preceding vehicle and the detection distance based on another reflection position of the preceding vehicle is recorded. And when the detection distance based on the position of the rear end of the preceding vehicle is not obtained, the recorded difference is subtracted from the detection distance based on the other reflection position of the preceding vehicle, so that it is based on the position of the rear end of the preceding vehicle. Even when the detection distance can no longer be obtained, the position of the rear end of the preceding vehicle can be estimated from the detection distance obtained from other reflection sites of the preceding vehicle.
  • the detection distance When the detection distance is obtained from the reflected wave from the target, the detection distance includes noise. If the own vehicle is controlled based on this noise, the speed of the own vehicle is erroneously changed. Therefore, it is common to perform a filter process to remove noise. In the filter processing, using the acquired current value and past value of the detected distance, the change in the detected distance is smoothed to suppress the change in the detected distance.
  • the filtering process is performed in the vehicle control device described in Patent Document 1, a transition is made from a state in which the detection distance is acquired by the position of the rear end of the preceding vehicle to a state in which the detection distance is acquired by another position of the preceding vehicle.
  • the filtering process is performed for the change in the detected distance.
  • the detection distance is gradually changed by the filter processing, when the distance based on the distance fluctuation is subtracted from the gradually changing detection distance, the subtraction amount is excessive, and the subtracted distance and A deviation occurs between the position values of the rear end of the preceding vehicle.
  • a preceding vehicle existing in front of the host vehicle is detected based on a reflected wave that is transmitted in a predetermined cycle in front of the host vehicle and reflected back by the preceding vehicle.
  • a vehicle control apparatus uses a detection distance acquisition unit configured to acquire a distance from the host vehicle to the preceding vehicle obtained from the reflected wave as a detection distance, and a past value of the detection distance.
  • a filter processing unit configured to perform a process of suppressing a change in the detection distance, a distance variation calculation unit configured to calculate a change amount of the detection distance, and the detection based on the change amount
  • a distance correction unit configured to perform distance correction.
  • the filter processing unit is configured to reset the past value of the detection distance at a start time of the correction by the correction unit.
  • the filter processing unit Since the detection distance based on the reflected wave from the preceding vehicle often includes noise, in order to remove the noise, a process for suppressing a change in the detection distance using the past value of the detection distance is performed by the filter processing unit. Done. On the other hand, when the reflected wave is reflected on a different part of the preceding vehicle, the detection distance is greatly changed. Therefore, the distance correction unit corrects the detection distance based on the amount of change in the detection distance, so that even if the reflected wave is reflected by a different part of the preceding vehicle, the distance before the change in the detection distance is applied. The detection distance can be obtained.
  • the reflected wave is reflected on different parts of the preceding vehicle and a large change occurs in the detection distance
  • the change in the detection distance can be suppressed by performing the filtering process. Then, if correction based on the change amount is performed on the detection distance in which the change is suppressed, the corrected distance is deviated from the value that should be originally acquired.
  • the filter processing unit since the filter processing unit resets the past value of the detection distance at the time of starting correction of the detection distance based on the change amount of the detection distance, No gradual change in value occurs. Therefore, the distance that has been corrected based on the amount of change in the detection distance can be set to a value that corresponds to the detection distance before the change in the detection distance occurs.
  • the vehicle control device is mounted on the vehicle, has an ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control) function, and causes the host vehicle to follow the vehicle so that the detected distance from the preceding vehicle becomes a target value of the inter-vehicle distance according to the vehicle speed. . Further, the vehicle control device performs control so that the vehicle speed set as the target value is obtained when no preceding vehicle is detected.
  • ACC Adaptive Cruise Control
  • an inter-vehicle control ECU 10 that is a vehicle control device is a computer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, an I / O, and the like.
  • the inter-vehicle control ECU 10 realizes each of these functions when the CPU executes a program installed in the ROM.
  • the vehicle is provided with a radar device 11 as an object detection means.
  • the radar device 11 is a detection device that detects an object by transmitting an electromagnetic wave as a transmission wave at a predetermined cycle and receiving the reflected wave, and is configured by a millimeter wave radar in this embodiment.
  • the radar device 11 is attached to the front portion of the host vehicle, and scans a region that extends over a range of a predetermined angle from the front of the vehicle with the optical axis as a center by using a radar signal.
  • the radar apparatus 11 creates distance measurement data based on the time from when the electromagnetic wave is transmitted toward the front of the vehicle until the reflected wave is received, and the created distance measurement data is sequentially output to the inter-vehicle control ECU 10.
  • the distance measurement data includes information on the direction in which the object exists, the distance to the object, and the relative speed.
  • the inter-vehicle control ECU 10 acquires distance measurement data from the radar device 11 and also acquires detection signals from various sensors provided in the vehicle. As various sensors, a vehicle speed sensor 12 that detects the vehicle speed, an ACC switch 13 that is operated when the driver selects the follow-up control mode, and the like are provided.
  • the detection distance acquisition unit 21 included in the inter-vehicle control ECU 10 acquires a detection distance that is a distance between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle based on the distance measurement data from the radar device 11. Furthermore, the relative speed acquisition unit 26 included in the inter-vehicle control ECU 10 acquires the relative speed between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle based on the distance measurement data from the radar device 11. The detection distance acquired by the detection distance acquisition unit 21 and the relative speed acquired by the relative speed acquisition unit 26 are input to the distance variation calculation unit 22, and the distance variation calculation unit 22 calculates a distance change amount generated in the detection distance. Is made. Further, the distance variation calculation unit 22 determines whether or not the detection distance should be corrected based on the distance change amount. This process will be described later.
  • the detection distance obtained by the detection distance acquisition unit 21 is input to the filter processing unit 23, and using the acquired current value of the detection distance and the past value of the detection distance temporarily stored in the memory, In order to suppress an abrupt change in the detection distance, smoothing is performed by gradually changing the detection distance to the current value so that the amount of change does not exceed a predetermined value.
  • the processing by the filter processing unit 23 is performed in order to suppress a sudden change in the detection distance due to the noise when the detection distance includes noise.
  • the distance fluctuation calculation unit 22 inputs a determination result as to whether or not the detection distance should be corrected to the distance correction unit 24.
  • the distance correction unit 24 corrects the detection distance subjected to the filter process based on the determination result of the distance variation calculation unit 22, and the correction distance that is the corrected detection distance or correction is performed. In addition, the detection distance that is only subjected to the filtering process is input to the control target value setting unit 25. At this time, the distance variation calculation unit 22 and the distance correction unit 24 cooperate to constitute a distance correction unit.
  • the distance fluctuation calculation unit 22 is configured to determine whether or not the detection distance should be corrected based on the distance change amount.
  • the distance correction unit 24 may be configured to determine whether or not the detection distance should be corrected based on the distance change amount calculated by the distance variation calculation unit 22.
  • the control target value setting unit 25 calculates a control target value for maintaining the inter-vehicle distance between the selected preceding vehicle and the host vehicle at a preset target interval by controlling the traveling speed of the host vehicle. To do. Specifically, the control target value setting unit 25 calculates a target output of the vehicle-mounted engine, a required brake force, and the like, and outputs these to the engine ECU 31 and the brake ECU 32. In the present embodiment, the inter-vehicle control ECU 10 outputs a control signal to each of the engine ECU 31 and the brake ECU 32. However, the inter-vehicle control ECU 10 transmits a control signal to one of the engine ECU 31 and the brake ECU 32. Also good. In this case, the control signal may be transmitted from one of the engine ECU 31 and the brake ECU 32 that have received the control signal from the inter-vehicle control ECU 10 to the other.
  • the detection distance is obtained based on the position of the rear end 72.
  • the detection distance may be obtained by a reflected wave from the chassis 73. In this case, if control that follows the preceding vehicle 70 is performed, the inter-vehicle distance between the preceding vehicle 70 and the host vehicle 80 may be shorter than the target inter-vehicle distance.
  • the rear end 75 of the low floor vehicle 74 when the preceding vehicle 70 is pulling the low floor vehicle 74 and the area of the rear end 75 of the low floor vehicle 74 is small, the rear end 75 of the low floor vehicle 74.
  • the detection distance may be acquired based on the position of the vehicle, or the detection distance may be acquired based on the position of the rear end 76 of the preceding vehicle 70 that is towing the low floor vehicle 74.
  • the estimated value of the inter-vehicle distance between the preceding vehicle and the host vehicle in the distance measurement cycle (for example, 50 ms) in the radar apparatus 11 is calculated by the equation (1). That is, Dx (i) that is a distance estimation value is calculated using the detected distance and the relative speed between the preceding vehicle and the host vehicle. D (i-1) is the previous value of the detected distance, Vz (i) is the current value of the relative speed, Vz (i-1) is the previous value of the relative speed, and tm is the distance measurement cycle by the radar device 11. .
  • a distance variation value that indicates the difference between the distance estimation value and the detection distance as shown in equation (2).
  • ⁇ D (i) can be calculated.
  • a distance fluctuation value that is sufficiently larger than a distance fluctuation value that occurs based on noise in the distance measurement cycle and cannot normally occur is adopted. For example, if the distance measurement cycle is 50 ms, a distance of about 0.5 to 1 m is set.
  • the filter processing unit 23 smoothes the detection distance in order to remove noise existing in the acquired detection distance. Therefore, even when the distance fluctuation occurs, the distance fluctuation is smoothed by the filter processing, and the detection distance after the filter processing gradually changes from the detection distance before the distance fluctuation to the detection distance after the distance fluctuation (hereinafter referred to as the distance fluctuation).
  • the period in which the detection distance gradually changes is referred to as “gradual change period”). In this case, when the correction distance is obtained using the distance variation value and the detected distance after the filter process, the correction distance in the gradual change period is deviated from the distance estimation value.
  • the distance variation similarly occurs. At this time, the correction using the distance variation value is finished, but also in this case, a gradual change period is caused by the filter processing.
  • FIG. 4 is a time chart showing a change in the correction distance with time when both the filter process and the distance correction process are performed.
  • FIG. 4 shows a case where the preceding vehicle and the host vehicle approach each other as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and the detection distance varies.
  • the detection distance gradually decreases as the preceding vehicle approaches the host vehicle.
  • the detection distance is greatly changed by acquiring the detection distance by a reflected wave from a target different from the previous one.
  • the filter process is performed on the detection distance, thereby suppressing the change in the detection distance, and the detection distance gradually changes. Therefore, it takes time for the distance after the filter processing to be approximately equal to the detection distance. That is, at the time t2 after the elapse of a predetermined time from the time t1, the detection distance is substantially equal to the distance after the filtering process.
  • the distance correction value used for the distance correction process is based on ⁇ D (i), which is the amount of deviation between the distance estimated value and the current value.
  • the past value is reset and the current value of the detected distance is set in the filter processing using the current value and the past value of the detected distance. Then, the current value of the detected distance is corrected by the distance correction value. The past value is reset when the distance fluctuates. After the past value is reset once, the filtering process is resumed to remove noise.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a series of processes executed by the inter-vehicle control ECU 10. The processing according to this flowchart is repeatedly executed every predetermined time.
  • step S101 the detection distance and the relative speed are acquired, and it is determined whether or not the distance fluctuation value is equal to or greater than a threshold value. That is, in step S101, it is determined whether or not the distance variation of the detection distance has occurred as shown in FIGS. If it is determined in step S101 that the distance fluctuation value is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the filter value (that is, the past value of the detected distance) is reset. Subsequently, in step S103, it is determined whether or not distance correction using the distance variation value is performed.
  • step S104 the process of adding and subtracting the distance correction value to the detected distance after the filter process to obtain a correction distance is continued, and the series of processes ends.
  • step S104 the process of adding and subtracting the distance correction value to the detected distance after the filter process to obtain a correction distance is continued, and the series of processes ends.
  • step S105 If it is determined in step S101 that the distance fluctuation value is smaller than the threshold value, in step S105, the current value and the past value of the detection distance are used to perform filtering to remove noise generated in the detection distance. Subsequently, in step S106, it is determined whether or not distance correction is to be performed. If it is determined in step S106 that distance correction is to be performed, the process of adding and subtracting the distance correction value to / from the detected distance after the filter process in step S107 to obtain a correction distance is continued, and the series of processes is terminated. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S106 that distance correction is not performed, correction for the detected distance after the filter processing is not performed, and the series of processing ends.
  • the distance fluctuation calculation unit 22 is in charge of executing steps S101, S103, and S106
  • the filter processing unit 23 is in charge of executing steps S102 and S105
  • the distance correction unit 24 is in steps S104 and S107.
  • FIG. 6 is a time chart when the processing according to the flowchart of FIG. 5 is executed.
  • the detection distance shows the same change as the time chart of FIG.
  • the detection distance is greatly changed by acquiring the detection distance by a reflected wave from a target different from the previous one.
  • the distance variation value becomes equal to or greater than the threshold value, and the filter value is reset.
  • the distance variation calculation unit 22 determines whether to start correction based on the amount of change in the detection distance
  • the filter processing unit 23 determines the detection distance at the start of correction by the distance correction unit 24. Reset past values. Therefore, the gradual change period of the distance due to the filter processing does not occur.
  • the correction distance is obtained by correcting the detection distance with the distance correction value. Since this distance correction value is based on a distance fluctuation value caused by a change in the target, the correction distance is a detection distance based on the target to be detected originally.
  • the detection distance can be acquired by the reflected wave from the target reflecting the reflected wave before time t11. Also at this time, the detection distance changes greatly, the distance fluctuation value becomes equal to or greater than the threshold value, and the filter value is reset. More specifically, after starting the correction, the distance variation calculation unit 22 determines whether or not to end the correction based on the amount of change in the detection distance, and the filter processing unit 23 detects the detection at the end of the correction. Reset the past value of distance. Therefore, the gradual change period due to the filter process does not occur. Further, the correction using the distance correction value ends at time t12 when the distance variation occurs. Therefore, vehicle control based on the acquired detection distance is performed immediately at time t12.
  • the vehicle control device has the following effects.
  • a distance fluctuation value for determining whether or not a distance fluctuation has occurred is obtained from the estimated distance value based on the relative speed between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle and the current value of the detected distance. Therefore, when the detection distance changes due to sudden acceleration or sudden deceleration of the preceding vehicle, the distance estimate is calculated based on the sudden acceleration or sudden deceleration, and the difference between the detection distance and the distance estimate is small. The possibility that the distance fluctuation value is equal to or greater than the threshold value is small. Therefore, the distance fluctuation caused by detecting a different position of the preceding vehicle can be determined without determining that the distance fluctuation has occurred due to a change in the detection distance based on factors such as sudden acceleration or sudden deceleration of the preceding vehicle. It can be detected with high accuracy.
  • the state changes from the state in which the detection distance is acquired by a nearby target to the state in which the detection distance is acquired by a farther target, resulting in a variation in distance and an increase in detection distance.
  • a correction distance smaller than the detection distance is obtained by performing correction processing.
  • the detection distance is changed from a state where the detection distance is acquired by a distant target to a state where the detection distance is acquired from a nearby target, resulting in a variation in distance, and the detection distance becomes small.
  • a process for obtaining a correction distance larger than the detection distance may be performed by performing the correction process.
  • the distance correction unit may be performed only when a distance variation that increases the detection distance occurs.
  • the distance fluctuation calculation unit 22 does not perform the correction by the distance correction unit 24 when the change in the detection distance indicates a change in which the detection distance becomes small, and the change in which the detection distance increases. May be configured to determine that the correction by the distance correction unit 24 should be performed.
  • the distance fluctuation may occur when the detection distance based on the position of the target detected before is acquired, or the detection distance based on the position of the farther target is acquired. It may occur if it is to be done. Therefore, it may be determined whether the distance variation is caused by a decrease in the detection distance or by an increase in the detection distance. If the distance variation occurs due to the decrease in the detection distance, the correction of the detection distance ends. On the other hand, if the distance variation occurs due to the increase in the detection distance, the distance correction value may be increased.
  • the past value of the filter value is reset.
  • the detection distance is corrected. It may be terminated.

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Abstract

Provided is a vehicle control apparatus (10) for detecting the presence of a leading vehicle to the front of a host vehicle, on the basis of reflected waves produced when transmitted waves transmitted frontward from the host vehicle at a prescribed cycle are reflected back from the leading vehicle. This vehicle control apparatus (10) comprises: a detection distance acquisition unit (21) for acquiring the distance from the host vehicle to a leading vehicle, calculated using reflected waves, by way of a detection distance; a filter process unit (23) for performing a process to minimize change of the detection distance, using past values of the detection distance; and a distance correction unit (24) for calculating the amount of change of the detection distance, and making corrections of the detection distance on the basis of the amount of change thereof. The filter process unit (23) is designed to reset the past value of the detection distance, at the point in time that correction is initiated by the distance correction unit (24).

Description

車両制御装置Vehicle control device 関連出願の相互参照Cross-reference of related applications
 本出願は、2015年1月21日に出願された日本出願番号2015-9777号に基づくもので、ここにその記載内容を援用する。 This application is based on Japanese Application No. 2015-9777 filed on January 21, 2015, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
 本発明は、車両等に搭載され、車両前方に存在する先行車両の検知を行う車両制御装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a vehicle control device that is mounted on a vehicle or the like and detects a preceding vehicle existing in front of the vehicle.
 自車両と先行車両との車間距離を検出し、車速に応じて車間距離や速度を制御する車両制御装置が知られている。特許文献1に記載の車両制御装置では、先行車両の後端の位置に基づく検知距離と、先行車両の他の反射位置に基づく検知距離との差分を記録している。そして、先行車両の後端の位置に基づく検知距離が得られない場合、先行車両の他の反射位置に基づく検知距離から記録されていた差分を減じることにより、先行車両の後端の位置に基づく検知距離が得られなくなった場合においても、先行車両の他の反射部位から得られる検知距離により、先行車両の後端の位置を推定することができる。 There is known a vehicle control device that detects the inter-vehicle distance between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle and controls the inter-vehicle distance and speed according to the vehicle speed. In the vehicle control device described in Patent Document 1, the difference between the detection distance based on the position of the rear end of the preceding vehicle and the detection distance based on another reflection position of the preceding vehicle is recorded. And when the detection distance based on the position of the rear end of the preceding vehicle is not obtained, the recorded difference is subtracted from the detection distance based on the other reflection position of the preceding vehicle, so that it is based on the position of the rear end of the preceding vehicle. Even when the detection distance can no longer be obtained, the position of the rear end of the preceding vehicle can be estimated from the detection distance obtained from other reflection sites of the preceding vehicle.
国際公開第2014/038076号International Publication No. 2014/038076
 物標からの反射波により検知距離を求める場合、検知距離にはノイズが含まれ、このノイズにも基づいて自車両の制御を行えば、自車両の速度を誤って変更することとなる。そのため、ノイズを除去すべく、フィルタ処理を行うことが一般的である。フィルタ処理では、取得された検知距離の現在値と過去値とを用いて、検知距離の変化を抑制すべく、検知距離の変化を平滑化している。 When the detection distance is obtained from the reflected wave from the target, the detection distance includes noise. If the own vehicle is controlled based on this noise, the speed of the own vehicle is erroneously changed. Therefore, it is common to perform a filter process to remove noise. In the filter processing, using the acquired current value and past value of the detected distance, the change in the detected distance is smoothed to suppress the change in the detected distance.
 特許文献1に記載の車両制御装置においてフィルタ処理を行えば、先行車両の後端の位置により検知距離を取得する状態から、先行車両の他の位置により検知距離を取得する状態へと遷移して距離変動が生じた場合に、その検知距離の変化に対しても対してフィルタ処理が行われることとなる。このとき、検知距離はフィルタ処理によって徐々に変化するものであるため、徐々に変化する検知距離から距離変動に基づく距離を減算した場合、その減算量は過剰なものであり、減算後の距離と、先行車両の後端の位置値の間に乖離が生ずる。 If the filtering process is performed in the vehicle control device described in Patent Document 1, a transition is made from a state in which the detection distance is acquired by the position of the rear end of the preceding vehicle to a state in which the detection distance is acquired by another position of the preceding vehicle. When the distance variation occurs, the filtering process is performed for the change in the detected distance. At this time, since the detection distance is gradually changed by the filter processing, when the distance based on the distance fluctuation is subtracted from the gradually changing detection distance, the subtraction amount is excessive, and the subtracted distance and A deviation occurs between the position values of the rear end of the preceding vehicle.
 本発明は、このような問題点を鑑み、検知距離に生ずるノイズを除去しつつ、検知距離の変動時においても、先行車両の位置をより精度よく推定可能な車両制御装置を提供することにある。 In view of such problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle control device capable of estimating the position of a preceding vehicle more accurately even when the detection distance varies, while removing noise generated in the detection distance. .
 本発明の一態様として、自車両の前方に所定周期で送信された送信波が、先行車両により反射され戻ってくる反射波に基づいて、前記自車両の前方に存在する先行車両の検知を行う車両制御装置が提供される。前記車両制御装置は、前記反射波により求められた前記自車両から前記先行車両までの距離を、検知距離として取得するように構成された検知距離取得部と、前記検知距離の過去値を用いて、前記検知距離の変化を抑制する処理を行うように構成されたフィルタ処理部と、前記検知距離の変化量を算出するように構成された距離変動算出部と、その変化量に基づいて前記検知距離の補正を実施するように構成された距離補正部と、を備える。前記車両制御装置において、前記フィルタ処理部は、前記補正部による前記補正の開始時点で、前記検知距離の前記過去値をリセットするように構成される。 As one aspect of the present invention, a preceding vehicle existing in front of the host vehicle is detected based on a reflected wave that is transmitted in a predetermined cycle in front of the host vehicle and reflected back by the preceding vehicle. A vehicle control apparatus is provided. The vehicle control device uses a detection distance acquisition unit configured to acquire a distance from the host vehicle to the preceding vehicle obtained from the reflected wave as a detection distance, and a past value of the detection distance. A filter processing unit configured to perform a process of suppressing a change in the detection distance, a distance variation calculation unit configured to calculate a change amount of the detection distance, and the detection based on the change amount A distance correction unit configured to perform distance correction. In the vehicle control device, the filter processing unit is configured to reset the past value of the detection distance at a start time of the correction by the correction unit.
 先行車両からの反射波に基づく検知距離にはノイズが含まれることが多いため、そのノイズを除去すべく、フィルタ処理部により、検知距離の過去値を用いた検知距離の変化を抑制する処理が行われる。一方、反射波が先行車両の異なる部位に反射されるようになった場合等には、その検知距離には大きな変化が生ずることとなる。そのため、距離補正部が、検知距離の変化量に基づいて検知距離に対して補正を行うことで、反射波が先行車両の異なる部位により反射されたとしても、検知距離の変化以前の距離に準ずる検知距離を得ることができる。 Since the detection distance based on the reflected wave from the preceding vehicle often includes noise, in order to remove the noise, a process for suppressing a change in the detection distance using the past value of the detection distance is performed by the filter processing unit. Done. On the other hand, when the reflected wave is reflected on a different part of the preceding vehicle, the detection distance is greatly changed. Therefore, the distance correction unit corrects the detection distance based on the amount of change in the detection distance, so that even if the reflected wave is reflected by a different part of the preceding vehicle, the distance before the change in the detection distance is applied. The detection distance can be obtained.
 ところが、反射波が先行車両の異なる部位に反射されるようになり、検知距離に大きな変化が生じた場合においてもフィルタ処理を行えば、検知距離の変化の抑制がなされる。そして、変化の抑制がなされた検知距離に対して、変化量に基づく補正を行えば、補正後の距離は、本来取得すべき値から乖離したものとなる。 However, if the reflected wave is reflected on different parts of the preceding vehicle and a large change occurs in the detection distance, the change in the detection distance can be suppressed by performing the filtering process. Then, if correction based on the change amount is performed on the detection distance in which the change is suppressed, the corrected distance is deviated from the value that should be originally acquired.
 この点、上記構成では、検知距離の変化量に基づいて検知距離の補正を開始する時点で、フィルタ処理部が検知距離の過去値をリセットしているため、検知距離の変化に対するフィルタ処理による、値の徐変が生じない。そのため、検知距離の変化量に基づく補正が行われた距離を、検知距離の変化が生ずる前の検知距離に準ずる値とすることができる。 In this regard, in the above configuration, since the filter processing unit resets the past value of the detection distance at the time of starting correction of the detection distance based on the change amount of the detection distance, No gradual change in value occurs. Therefore, the distance that has been corrected based on the amount of change in the detection distance can be set to a value that corresponds to the detection distance before the change in the detection distance occurs.
 本発明の上述およびその他の目的、特徴、および利点は、好ましい実施形態に関する以下の詳細な説明を添付の図面と共に読めば、容易に明らかになり、十分に理解できるであろう。 The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become readily apparent and fully understood when the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment is read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
車両制御装置の全体構成図である。It is a whole block diagram of a vehicle control apparatus. 検知距離の距離変動が生ずる例を示している。An example is shown in which the detection distance varies. 検知距離の距離変動が生ずる別の例を示している。The other example in which the distance fluctuation | variation of detection distance arises is shown. 実施形態に係る処理を実施しない場合の補正距離を示すタイムチャートである。It is a time chart which shows the correction distance when not performing the processing concerning an embodiment. 実施形態に係る処理を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the process which concerns on embodiment. 実施形態に係る処理を実施した場合の補正距離を示すタイムチャートである。It is a time chart which shows the correction distance at the time of performing processing concerning an embodiment.
 以下、本発明の実施形態を、添付図面を参照しながら、より詳細に説明する。しかし、本発明は、多くの異なる形態で実施されてもよく、本明細書で説明される実施形態に限定されると解釈されるべきではない。むしろ、これらの実施形態は、この発明の開示を徹底的でかつ完全にし、本発明の範囲を当業者に完全に伝えるために、提供される。なお、以下の各実施形態相互において、互いに同一もしくは均等である部分には、図中、同一符号を付しており、同一符号の部分についてはその説明を援用する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the following embodiments, parts that are the same or equivalent to each other are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and the description of the same reference numerals is used.
 本発明の実施の一形態に係る車両制御装置について図面を参照しながら説明する。車両制御装置は車両に搭載されており、ACC(Adaptive Cruise Control)機能を有し、検出した先行車両との距離が車速に応じた車間距離の目標値となるように、自車両を追従走行させる。また、車両制御装置は、先行車両が検出されない場合には、目標値として設定された車速となるように制御を行う。 A vehicle control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The vehicle control device is mounted on the vehicle, has an ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control) function, and causes the host vehicle to follow the vehicle so that the detected distance from the preceding vehicle becomes a target value of the inter-vehicle distance according to the vehicle speed. . Further, the vehicle control device performs control so that the vehicle speed set as the target value is obtained when no preceding vehicle is detected.
 図1において、車両制御装置である車間制御ECU10は、CPU、ROM、RAM、I/O等を備えたコンピュータである。この車間制御ECU10は、CPUが、ROMにインストールされているプログラムを実行することでこれら各機能を実現する。 In FIG. 1, an inter-vehicle control ECU 10 that is a vehicle control device is a computer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, an I / O, and the like. The inter-vehicle control ECU 10 realizes each of these functions when the CPU executes a program installed in the ROM.
 車両には、物体検知手段として、レーダ装置11が設けられている。レーダ装置11は、所定周期で送信波として電磁波を送信し、その反射波を受信することで物体を検出する探知装置であり、本実施形態ではミリ波レーダで構成されている。レーダ装置11は、自車両の前部に取り付けられており、光軸を中心に車両前方に向かって所定角度の範囲に亘って広がる領域をレーダ信号により走査する。そして、レーダ装置11は、車両前方に向けて電磁波を送信してから反射波を受信するまでの時間に基づき測距データを作成し、その作成した測距データを車間制御ECU10に逐次出力する。測距データには、物体が存在する方位、物体までの距離及び相対速度に関する情報が含まれている。 The vehicle is provided with a radar device 11 as an object detection means. The radar device 11 is a detection device that detects an object by transmitting an electromagnetic wave as a transmission wave at a predetermined cycle and receiving the reflected wave, and is configured by a millimeter wave radar in this embodiment. The radar device 11 is attached to the front portion of the host vehicle, and scans a region that extends over a range of a predetermined angle from the front of the vehicle with the optical axis as a center by using a radar signal. The radar apparatus 11 creates distance measurement data based on the time from when the electromagnetic wave is transmitted toward the front of the vehicle until the reflected wave is received, and the created distance measurement data is sequentially output to the inter-vehicle control ECU 10. The distance measurement data includes information on the direction in which the object exists, the distance to the object, and the relative speed.
 車間制御ECU10は、レーダ装置11からの測距データを取得するとともに、車両に設けられた各種センサからの検出信号をそれぞれ取得する。各種センサとしては、車速を検出する車速センサ12、ドライバが追従制御モードを選択する際に操作するACCスイッチ13などが設けられている。 The inter-vehicle control ECU 10 acquires distance measurement data from the radar device 11 and also acquires detection signals from various sensors provided in the vehicle. As various sensors, a vehicle speed sensor 12 that detects the vehicle speed, an ACC switch 13 that is operated when the driver selects the follow-up control mode, and the like are provided.
 車間制御ECU10が備える検知距離取得部21は、レーダ装置11からの測距データに基づいて、自車両と先行車両との距離である検知距離を取得する。さらに、車間制御ECU10が備える相対速度取得部26は、レーダ装置11からの測距データに基づいて、自車両と先行車両との相対速度を取得する。検知距離取得部21が取得した検知距離と、相対速度取得部26が取得した相対速度は、距離変動算出部22に入力され、距離変動算出部22において、検知距離に生じた距離変化量の算出がなされる。また、距離変動算出部22は、距離変化量に基づいて、検知距離の補正を行うべきであるか否かを判定する。この処理については後述する。 The detection distance acquisition unit 21 included in the inter-vehicle control ECU 10 acquires a detection distance that is a distance between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle based on the distance measurement data from the radar device 11. Furthermore, the relative speed acquisition unit 26 included in the inter-vehicle control ECU 10 acquires the relative speed between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle based on the distance measurement data from the radar device 11. The detection distance acquired by the detection distance acquisition unit 21 and the relative speed acquired by the relative speed acquisition unit 26 are input to the distance variation calculation unit 22, and the distance variation calculation unit 22 calculates a distance change amount generated in the detection distance. Is made. Further, the distance variation calculation unit 22 determines whether or not the detection distance should be corrected based on the distance change amount. This process will be described later.
 また、検知距離取得部21によって所得された検知距離は、フィルタ処理部23に入力され、取得した検知距離の現在値と、メモリに一時的に記憶された検知距離の過去値とを用いて、検知距離の急激な変化を抑制すべく、変化量が所定以上とならないように検知距離を現在値へと徐々に変化させる平滑化がなされる。このフィルタ処理部23による処理は、検知距離にノイズが含まれる場合に、そのノイズにより検知距離が急激に変動することを抑制するために行われるものである。 In addition, the detection distance obtained by the detection distance acquisition unit 21 is input to the filter processing unit 23, and using the acquired current value of the detection distance and the past value of the detection distance temporarily stored in the memory, In order to suppress an abrupt change in the detection distance, smoothing is performed by gradually changing the detection distance to the current value so that the amount of change does not exceed a predetermined value. The processing by the filter processing unit 23 is performed in order to suppress a sudden change in the detection distance due to the noise when the detection distance includes noise.
 距離変動算出部22は検知距離の補正を行うべきか否かの判定結果を、距離補正部24に入力する。距離補正部24では、フィルタ処理がなされた検知距離に対して、距離変動算出部22の判定結果に基づいて補正を行い、補正が行われた検知距離である補正距離、若しくは、補正が行われておらず、フィルタ処理が行われたのみである検知距離を制御目標値設定部25に入力する。なお、このとき、距離変動算出部22と距離補正部24は協働して、距離補正手段を構成する。また、先の説明では、距離変動算出部22が、距離変化量に基づいて、検知距離の補正を行うべきであるか否かを判定するように構成されるとしたが、距離変動算出部22の代わりに、距離補正部24が距離変動算出部22によって算出された距離変化量に基づいて、検知距離の補正を行うべきであるか否かを判定するように構成されてもよい。 The distance fluctuation calculation unit 22 inputs a determination result as to whether or not the detection distance should be corrected to the distance correction unit 24. The distance correction unit 24 corrects the detection distance subjected to the filter process based on the determination result of the distance variation calculation unit 22, and the correction distance that is the corrected detection distance or correction is performed. In addition, the detection distance that is only subjected to the filtering process is input to the control target value setting unit 25. At this time, the distance variation calculation unit 22 and the distance correction unit 24 cooperate to constitute a distance correction unit. In the above description, the distance fluctuation calculation unit 22 is configured to determine whether or not the detection distance should be corrected based on the distance change amount. Instead of this, the distance correction unit 24 may be configured to determine whether or not the detection distance should be corrected based on the distance change amount calculated by the distance variation calculation unit 22.
 制御目標値設定部25は、自車両の走行速度を制御することで、選択された先行車両と自車両との間の車間距離を、予め設定した目標間隔で維持するための制御目標値を算出する。具体的には、制御目標値設定部25は、車載エンジンの目標出力や要求ブレーキ力等を算出し、これらをエンジンECU31及びブレーキECU32に出力する。なお、本実施形態では、車間制御ECU10がエンジンECU31及びブレーキECU32のそれぞれに制御信号を出力するものとしているが、車間制御ECU10が、エンジンECU31とブレーキECU32との一方に制御信号を送信するものとしてもよい。この場合には、車間制御ECU10から制御信号を受信したエンジンECU31とブレーキECU32との一方から、他方へと制御信号を送信する構成とすればよい。 The control target value setting unit 25 calculates a control target value for maintaining the inter-vehicle distance between the selected preceding vehicle and the host vehicle at a preset target interval by controlling the traveling speed of the host vehicle. To do. Specifically, the control target value setting unit 25 calculates a target output of the vehicle-mounted engine, a required brake force, and the like, and outputs these to the engine ECU 31 and the brake ECU 32. In the present embodiment, the inter-vehicle control ECU 10 outputs a control signal to each of the engine ECU 31 and the brake ECU 32. However, the inter-vehicle control ECU 10 transmits a control signal to one of the engine ECU 31 and the brake ECU 32. Also good. In this case, the control signal may be transmitted from one of the engine ECU 31 and the brake ECU 32 that have received the control signal from the inter-vehicle control ECU 10 to the other.
 ところで、大型車両等のように後端が高い車両や、低床車両等のように後端が低い車両が自車両の前方を走行している場合には、その車両の後端(背面部)の高さ位置とレーダ装置11の高さ位置とのずれが生じる。そのため、自車両との車間距離が短くなると、先行車両の後端の位置をレーダ装置11により捉えられなくなることが生じる。 By the way, when a vehicle with a high rear end such as a large vehicle or a vehicle with a low rear end such as a low-floor vehicle is traveling in front of the host vehicle, the rear end (rear portion) of the vehicle. And a height position of the radar apparatus 11 are shifted. For this reason, when the inter-vehicle distance from the host vehicle becomes short, the position of the rear end of the preceding vehicle may not be captured by the radar device 11.
 例えば図2(a)のように、自車両80の前方を走行する先行車両70との車間距離が離れており、レーダ波の検知角度範囲に先行車両70の後端72が含まれる場合には、後端72の位置に基づいて検知距離が得られる。しかし図2(b)のように、先行車両70と自車両80とが接近して車間距離が短くなり、レーダ波の検知角度範囲の一部のみに後端72が含まれるような場合には、例えばシャシー73からの反射波により、検知距離が求められることがある。この場合において、先行車両70に追従する制御を行えば、先行車両70と自車両80との車間距離が目標車間距離よりも短くなることが生じる。 For example, as shown in FIG. 2A, when the inter-vehicle distance from the preceding vehicle 70 traveling in front of the host vehicle 80 is far and the rear end 72 of the preceding vehicle 70 is included in the radar wave detection angle range. The detection distance is obtained based on the position of the rear end 72. However, as shown in FIG. 2B, when the preceding vehicle 70 and the host vehicle 80 approach each other and the inter-vehicle distance is shortened, and the rear end 72 is included only in a part of the radar wave detection angle range, For example, the detection distance may be obtained by a reflected wave from the chassis 73. In this case, if control that follows the preceding vehicle 70 is performed, the inter-vehicle distance between the preceding vehicle 70 and the host vehicle 80 may be shorter than the target inter-vehicle distance.
 同様に、図3に示すように、先行車両70が低床車両74を牽引している場合において、低床車両74の後端75の面積が小さい場合には、低床車両74の後端75の位置に基づいて検知距離が取得される場合もあれば、その低床車両74を牽引している先行車両70の後端76の位置に基づいて検知距離が取得される場合もある。 Similarly, as shown in FIG. 3, when the preceding vehicle 70 is pulling the low floor vehicle 74 and the area of the rear end 75 of the low floor vehicle 74 is small, the rear end 75 of the low floor vehicle 74. The detection distance may be acquired based on the position of the vehicle, or the detection distance may be acquired based on the position of the rear end 76 of the preceding vehicle 70 that is towing the low floor vehicle 74.
 図2及び図3で例示したような、レーダ波の反射点が変化して検知距離が変化する場合、自車両と先行車両との相対速度に基づく検知距離の変化よりも大きな距離変動が生ずる。そのため、本実施形態では、反射点の変化に起因する検知距離の変化が生じた場合、検知距離を補正する処理を行う。 2 and 3, when the detection distance changes due to the change of the reflection point of the radar wave, the distance variation is larger than the change in the detection distance based on the relative speed between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle. For this reason, in the present embodiment, when a change in the detection distance caused by the change in the reflection point occurs, a process for correcting the detection distance is performed.
 レーダ装置11における距離計測周期(例えば50ms)での先行車両と自車両との車間距離の推定値は、(1)式により算出される。すなわち、検知距離と、先行車両と自車両との相対速度を用いて、距離推定値であるDx(i)が算出される。なお、D(i-1)は検知距離の前回値、Vz(i)は相対速度の現在値、Vz(i-1)は相対速度の前回値、tmはレーダ装置11による距離計測周期である。距離推定値であるDx(i)と、検知距離の現在値であるD(i)とを用いれば、(2)式に示すように、距離推定値と検知距離との乖離を示す距離変動値であるΔD(i)を算出することができる。このΔD(i)を閾値と比較することにより、距離変動が発生したか否かを判定する。なお、閾値としては、距離計測周期において、ノイズに基づいて生ずる距離変動値よりも十分に大きく、通常では起こり得ないような距離変動値を採用する。例えば、距離計測周期が50msであれば、0.5~1m程度の距離が設定される。 The estimated value of the inter-vehicle distance between the preceding vehicle and the host vehicle in the distance measurement cycle (for example, 50 ms) in the radar apparatus 11 is calculated by the equation (1). That is, Dx (i) that is a distance estimation value is calculated using the detected distance and the relative speed between the preceding vehicle and the host vehicle. D (i-1) is the previous value of the detected distance, Vz (i) is the current value of the relative speed, Vz (i-1) is the previous value of the relative speed, and tm is the distance measurement cycle by the radar device 11. . If Dx (i) that is the distance estimation value and D (i) that is the current value of the detection distance are used, a distance variation value that indicates the difference between the distance estimation value and the detection distance, as shown in equation (2). ΔD (i) can be calculated. By comparing this ΔD (i) with a threshold value, it is determined whether or not a distance variation has occurred. As the threshold value, a distance fluctuation value that is sufficiently larger than a distance fluctuation value that occurs based on noise in the distance measurement cycle and cannot normally occur is adopted. For example, if the distance measurement cycle is 50 ms, a distance of about 0.5 to 1 m is set.
 [数1]
 Dx(i)=D(i-1)+(Vz(i)+Vz(i-1))/2×tm  (1)
 [数2]
 ΔD(i)=|D(i)-Dx(i)|   (2)
 距離変動値が閾値以上となった場合において、距離変動値を距離補正値とし、検出された検知距離から距離補正値を加減算することにより補正して補正距離を得れば、その補正距離は、距離推定値と等しい値となる。そのため、異なる物標からの反射波による検知距離を取得する状態となったとしても、補正距離は、以前に検知されていた物標の位置に基づく検知距離に等しいと推測される距離となる。
[Equation 1]
Dx (i) = D (i−1) + (Vz (i) + Vz (i−1)) / 2 × tm (1)
[Equation 2]
ΔD (i) = | D (i) −Dx (i) | (2)
If the distance fluctuation value is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the distance fluctuation value is used as a distance correction value, and if the correction distance is obtained by correcting by adding or subtracting the distance correction value from the detected detection distance, the correction distance is The value is equal to the estimated distance value. Therefore, even if the detection distance by the reflected wave from a different target is acquired, the correction distance is a distance estimated to be equal to the detection distance based on the position of the target detected previously.
 ところが、本実施形態では、取得された検知距離に存在するノイズを除去すべく、フィルタ処理部23により検知距離の平滑化を行うものとしている。ゆえに、距離変動が生じた場合においても、フィルタ処理によって距離変動が平滑化され、フィルタ処理後の検知距離は、距離変動以前の検知距離から距離変動以後の検知距離へと徐々に変化する(以下、検知距離が徐々に変化する期間を「徐変期間」と称する。)。この場合に、距離変動値とフィルタ処理後の検知距離とを用いて補正距離を求める場合、徐変期間における補正距離は、距離推定値から乖離したものとなる。また、検知位置が本体距離を取得すべき位置からの反射波に基づくものに戻った場合においても、同様に距離変動が生ずる。このとき、距離変動値を用いた補正を終了するが、この場合においても、フィルタ処理によって徐変期間が生ずることとなる。 However, in the present embodiment, the filter processing unit 23 smoothes the detection distance in order to remove noise existing in the acquired detection distance. Therefore, even when the distance fluctuation occurs, the distance fluctuation is smoothed by the filter processing, and the detection distance after the filter processing gradually changes from the detection distance before the distance fluctuation to the detection distance after the distance fluctuation (hereinafter referred to as the distance fluctuation). The period in which the detection distance gradually changes is referred to as “gradual change period”). In this case, when the correction distance is obtained using the distance variation value and the detected distance after the filter process, the correction distance in the gradual change period is deviated from the distance estimation value. In addition, when the detection position returns to the detection position based on the reflected wave from the position where the main body distance should be acquired, the distance variation similarly occurs. At this time, the correction using the distance variation value is finished, but also in this case, a gradual change period is caused by the filter processing.
 図4はフィルタ処理及び距離の補正処理を共に実施した場合の、補正距離の時間変化を示すタイムチャートである。図4では、図2及び図3で示したような、先行車両と自車両が接近し、検知距離の距離変動が生じた場合を示している。 FIG. 4 is a time chart showing a change in the correction distance with time when both the filter process and the distance correction process are performed. FIG. 4 shows a case where the preceding vehicle and the host vehicle approach each other as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and the detection distance varies.
 時刻t1までは、先行車両と自車両とが接近することにより、検知距離が徐々に小さくなる。時刻t1において、以前とは異なる物標からの反射波により検知距離を取得することにより、検知距離が大きく変化する。このとき、検知距離に対してフィルタ処理がなされることにより検知距離の変化が抑制され、検知距離は、徐変することになる。そのため、フィルタ処理後の距離が検知距離と概ね等しい値となるまでに時間を要する。すなわち、時刻t1から所定時間経過後の時刻t2において、検知距離はフィルタ処理後の距離と概ね等しい値となる。 Until time t1, the detection distance gradually decreases as the preceding vehicle approaches the host vehicle. At the time t1, the detection distance is greatly changed by acquiring the detection distance by a reflected wave from a target different from the previous one. At this time, the filter process is performed on the detection distance, thereby suppressing the change in the detection distance, and the detection distance gradually changes. Therefore, it takes time for the distance after the filter processing to be approximately equal to the detection distance. That is, at the time t2 after the elapse of a predetermined time from the time t1, the detection distance is substantially equal to the distance after the filtering process.
 一方、時刻t1では、距離変動の発生により、距離の補正処理も実行する。このとき、距離の補正処理に用いる距離補正値は、距離推定値と現在値との乖離量であるΔD(i)基づくものである。その距離補正値を、フィルタ処理後の距離から減算することにより、補正距離を得るため、フィルタ処理後の距離と本来取得すべき距離との間に乖離が生ずることとなる。 On the other hand, at time t1, distance correction processing is also executed due to the occurrence of distance fluctuation. At this time, the distance correction value used for the distance correction process is based on ΔD (i), which is the amount of deviation between the distance estimated value and the current value. By subtracting the distance correction value from the distance after the filter processing, a correction distance is obtained, so that a divergence occurs between the distance after the filter processing and the distance to be originally acquired.
 また、時刻t2から所定時間経過後の時刻t3において、再度本来検知するべき物標からの反射波を検出するようになったとする。この場合、検知距離について再度距離変動が発生する。このとき、検知距離に対してフィルタ処理がなされることにより、フィルタ処理後の距離は、徐々に変化することとなる。そのため、この場合においても、フィルタ処理後の距離が検知距離と概ね等しい値となるまでに時間を要する。このとき、距離補正値を用いた補正は行われないため、時刻t3から、フィルタ処理後の距離が検知距離と概ね等しい値となる時刻t4までは、実際の検知距離から乖離した値が得られることとなる。 Also, assume that a reflected wave from a target to be detected again is detected again at time t3 after a predetermined time has elapsed from time t2. In this case, the distance variation occurs again for the detection distance. At this time, the filtering process is performed on the detection distance, so that the distance after the filtering process gradually changes. For this reason, even in this case, it takes time until the distance after the filtering process becomes substantially equal to the detection distance. At this time, since the correction using the distance correction value is not performed, a value deviating from the actual detection distance is obtained from the time t3 to the time t4 when the distance after the filter processing is approximately equal to the detection distance. It will be.
 すなわち、距離変動が生じた時刻t1から、フィルタ処理による検知距離の徐変が終了するまでの時刻t2までの期間、及び、距離変動が終了した時刻t3から、フィルタ処理による検知距離の徐変が終了する時刻t4までの期間は、距離補正値を用いた補正処理により、異常な補正距離が算出される。 That is, the period from the time t1 when the distance change occurs to the time t2 until the gradual change of the detection distance by the filter process and the time lapse of the detection distance by the filter process from the time t3 when the distance change ends. During the period up to the end time t4, an abnormal correction distance is calculated by the correction process using the distance correction value.
 そのため、本実施形態では、距離変動を検出した時点で、検知距離の現在値と過去値とを用いたフィルタ処理において、過去値をリセットし、検知距離の現在値を設定する。そして、その検知距離の現在値を距離補正値により補正する。なお、過去値のリセットは距離変動が生じた時点に行うものであり、過去値を一度リセットした後は、ノイズを除去すべく、フィルタ処理を再開する。 Therefore, in the present embodiment, at the time when the distance fluctuation is detected, the past value is reset and the current value of the detected distance is set in the filter processing using the current value and the past value of the detected distance. Then, the current value of the detected distance is corrected by the distance correction value. The past value is reset when the distance fluctuates. After the past value is reset once, the filtering process is resumed to remove noise.
 図5は、車間制御ECU10が実行する一連の処理を示すフローチャートである。このフローチャートに係る処理は所定時間ごとに繰り返し実行される。 FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a series of processes executed by the inter-vehicle control ECU 10. The processing according to this flowchart is repeatedly executed every predetermined time.
 まず、ステップS101において、検知距離及び相対速度を取得して、距離変動値が閾値以上であるか否かを判定する。すなわち、ステップS101では、図2及び図3で示したような、検知距離の距離変動が生じたか否かを判定する。ステップS101において、距離変動値が閾値以上であると判定されれば、フィルタ値(つまり、検知距離の過去値)をリセットする。続いて、ステップS103において、距離変動値を用いた距離補正を行うか否かを判定する。ステップS103において、距離補正を行うと判定されれば、ステップS104において、フィルタ処理後の検知距離に距離補正値を加減算して補正距離とする処理を継続し、一連の処理を終了する。一方、ステップS103において、距離補正を行わないと判定されれば、フィルタ処理後の検知距離に対する補正は行わず、一連の処理を終了する。 First, in step S101, the detection distance and the relative speed are acquired, and it is determined whether or not the distance fluctuation value is equal to or greater than a threshold value. That is, in step S101, it is determined whether or not the distance variation of the detection distance has occurred as shown in FIGS. If it is determined in step S101 that the distance fluctuation value is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the filter value (that is, the past value of the detected distance) is reset. Subsequently, in step S103, it is determined whether or not distance correction using the distance variation value is performed. If it is determined in step S103 that distance correction is to be performed, in step S104, the process of adding and subtracting the distance correction value to the detected distance after the filter process to obtain a correction distance is continued, and the series of processes ends. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S103 that distance correction is not performed, correction for the detected distance after the filter processing is not performed, and the series of processing ends.
 ステップS101において、距離変動値が閾値よりも小さいと判定されれば、ステップS105において、検知距離の現在値及び過去値を用いて、検知距離に生ずるノイズを除去すべくフィルタ処理を行う。続いて、ステップS106において、距離補正を行うか否かを判定する。ステップS106において、距離補正を行うと判定されれば、ステップS107においてフィルタ処理後の検知距離に距離補正値を加減算して補正距離とする処理を継続し、一連の処理を終了する。一方、ステップS106において、距離補正を行わないと判定されれば、フィルタ処理後の検知距離に対する補正は行わず、一連の処理を終了する。 If it is determined in step S101 that the distance fluctuation value is smaller than the threshold value, in step S105, the current value and the past value of the detection distance are used to perform filtering to remove noise generated in the detection distance. Subsequently, in step S106, it is determined whether or not distance correction is to be performed. If it is determined in step S106 that distance correction is to be performed, the process of adding and subtracting the distance correction value to / from the detected distance after the filter process in step S107 to obtain a correction distance is continued, and the series of processes is terminated. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S106 that distance correction is not performed, correction for the detected distance after the filter processing is not performed, and the series of processing ends.
 図5のフローチャートにおいて、例えば、距離変動算出部22がステップS101、S103、S106の実行を担当し、フィルタ処理部23がステップS102、S105の実行を担当し、距離補正部24がステップS104、S107の実行を担当する。 In the flowchart of FIG. 5, for example, the distance fluctuation calculation unit 22 is in charge of executing steps S101, S103, and S106, the filter processing unit 23 is in charge of executing steps S102 and S105, and the distance correction unit 24 is in steps S104 and S107. Responsible for the execution of
 図6は、図5のフローチャートに係る処理を実行した場合のタイムチャートである。図6のタイムチャートでは、検知距離は図4のタイムチャートと同様の変化を示している。 FIG. 6 is a time chart when the processing according to the flowchart of FIG. 5 is executed. In the time chart of FIG. 6, the detection distance shows the same change as the time chart of FIG.
 まず、時刻t11において、以前とは異なる物標からの反射波により検知距離を取得することにより、検知距離が大きく変化する。このとき、距離変動値が閾値以上となり、フィルタ値がリセットされる。より詳しくは、距離変動算出部22は、検知距離の変化量により補正を開始するか否かを判定し、フィルタ処理部23は、距離補正部24による補正の開始時点で、前記検知距離の前記過去値をリセットする。そのため、フィルタ処理による距離の徐変期間が生じない。さらに、時刻t11において、距離補正値により検知距離の補正がなされることにより、補正距離が得られる。この距離補正値は、物標が変化することにより生ずる距離変動値に基づくものであるため、補正距離は、本来検知すべき物標に基づく検知距離となる。 First, at time t11, the detection distance is greatly changed by acquiring the detection distance by a reflected wave from a target different from the previous one. At this time, the distance variation value becomes equal to or greater than the threshold value, and the filter value is reset. More specifically, the distance variation calculation unit 22 determines whether to start correction based on the amount of change in the detection distance, and the filter processing unit 23 determines the detection distance at the start of correction by the distance correction unit 24. Reset past values. Therefore, the gradual change period of the distance due to the filter processing does not occur. Further, at the time t11, the correction distance is obtained by correcting the detection distance with the distance correction value. Since this distance correction value is based on a distance fluctuation value caused by a change in the target, the correction distance is a detection distance based on the target to be detected originally.
 続いて、時刻t12において、時刻t11以前に反射波を反射していた物標からの反射波により、検知距離が取得できる状態に戻っている。このときにも、検知距離は大きく変化し、距離変動値は閾値以上となり、フィルタ値はリセットされる。より詳しくは、距離変動算出部22は、前記補正を開始した後に、前記検知距離の変化量により補正を終了するか否かを判定し、フィルタ処理部23は、補正の終了時点で、前記検知距離の前記過去値をリセットする。そのため、フィルタ処理による徐変期間が生じない。また、距離補正値による補正は距離変動が生じた時刻t12で終了する。そのため、時刻t12においてただちに、取得した検知距離に基づく車両制御が行われることとなる。 Subsequently, at time t12, the detection distance can be acquired by the reflected wave from the target reflecting the reflected wave before time t11. Also at this time, the detection distance changes greatly, the distance fluctuation value becomes equal to or greater than the threshold value, and the filter value is reset. More specifically, after starting the correction, the distance variation calculation unit 22 determines whether or not to end the correction based on the amount of change in the detection distance, and the filter processing unit 23 detects the detection at the end of the correction. Reset the past value of distance. Therefore, the gradual change period due to the filter process does not occur. Further, the correction using the distance correction value ends at time t12 when the distance variation occurs. Therefore, vehicle control based on the acquired detection distance is performed immediately at time t12.
 上記構成により、本実施形態に係る車両制御装置は、以下の効果を奏する。 With the above configuration, the vehicle control device according to the present embodiment has the following effects.
 (A1)距離変動値が閾値以上となり、その距離変動値に基づいて検知距離の補正を行うこととなった時点で、フィルタ処理に用いる検知距離の過去値をリセットしている。そのため、フィルタ処理による、検知距離の徐変期間が生じることはない。そのため、距離変動値に基づいて検知距離の補正を行って補正値を得る場合、その補正値を、距離変動以前の物標の位置に基づく値とすることができる。同様に、補正の開始後に、再度距離変動値が閾値以上となり、距離変動以前の物標の位置に基づく検知距離の取得が再開される時点においても、フィルタ処理に用いる検知距離の過去値をリセットしている。ゆえに、検知距離の補正の終了時には、即座に、距離変動以前の物標の位置に基づく制御を行うことができる。 (A1) When the distance fluctuation value is equal to or greater than the threshold value and the detection distance is corrected based on the distance fluctuation value, the past value of the detection distance used for the filter processing is reset. Therefore, a gradual change period of the detection distance due to the filter processing does not occur. Therefore, when the correction value is obtained by correcting the detection distance based on the distance fluctuation value, the correction value can be a value based on the position of the target before the distance fluctuation. Similarly, after the correction is started, the past value of the detection distance used for the filtering process is reset even when the distance fluctuation value becomes equal to or greater than the threshold again and the acquisition of the detection distance based on the position of the target before the distance fluctuation is resumed. is doing. Therefore, at the end of correction of the detection distance, it is possible to immediately perform control based on the position of the target before the distance change.
 (A2)距離変動が生じたか否かを判定するための距離変動値を、自車両と先行車両の相対速度に基づく距離推定値と、検知距離の現在値とにより求めている。そのため、先行車両が急加速や急減速を行うことにより検知距離が変化した場合には、距離推定値はその急加速や急減速に基づいて算出され、検知距離と距離推定値との乖離は小さく、距離変動値が閾値以上となる可能性は小さい。ゆえに、先行車両の急加速や急減速といった要因に基づく検知距離の変化により、距離変動が生じたという判定を行うことがなく、先行車両の異なる位置を検出することにより生じた距離変動を、より精度よく検出することができる。 (A2) A distance fluctuation value for determining whether or not a distance fluctuation has occurred is obtained from the estimated distance value based on the relative speed between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle and the current value of the detected distance. Therefore, when the detection distance changes due to sudden acceleration or sudden deceleration of the preceding vehicle, the distance estimate is calculated based on the sudden acceleration or sudden deceleration, and the difference between the detection distance and the distance estimate is small. The possibility that the distance fluctuation value is equal to or greater than the threshold value is small. Therefore, the distance fluctuation caused by detecting a different position of the preceding vehicle can be determined without determining that the distance fluctuation has occurred due to a change in the detection distance based on factors such as sudden acceleration or sudden deceleration of the preceding vehicle. It can be detected with high accuracy.
 (変形例)
 (M1)上記実施形態では、近傍の物標により検知距離を取得している状態から、より遠方の物標により検知距離を取得する状態へと変化して距離変動が生じ、検知距離が大きくなる場合において、補正処理を行うことにより、検知距離よりも小さな補正距離を得る例を示している。この点、遠方の物標により検知距離を取得している状態から、より近傍の物標により検知距離を取得する状態へと変化して距離変動が生じ、検知距離が小さくなる場合においても、同様に補正処理を行うことにより、検知距離よりも大きな補正距離を得る処理を行ってもよい。しかしながら、より近傍の物標による検知距離に基づいて車両の制御を行えば、自車両の前方に存在する先行車両との距離は、より大きくすることができる。このことは、自車両の先行車両への接近をより抑制することができることを意味する。そのため、距離補正部による補正処理は、検知距離が大きくなる距離変動が生じた場合にのみ行うものとしてもよい。詳しくは、この変形では、例えば、距離変動算出部22は、検知距離の変化が、検知距離が小さくなる変化を示す場合には距離補正部24による前記補正を行わず、検知距離が大きくなる変化を示す場合に距離補正部24による補正を行うべきことを判定するように構成されてもよい。
(Modification)
(M1) In the above embodiment, the state changes from the state in which the detection distance is acquired by a nearby target to the state in which the detection distance is acquired by a farther target, resulting in a variation in distance and an increase in detection distance. In this case, an example is shown in which a correction distance smaller than the detection distance is obtained by performing correction processing. This also applies to the case where the detection distance is changed from a state where the detection distance is acquired by a distant target to a state where the detection distance is acquired from a nearby target, resulting in a variation in distance, and the detection distance becomes small. Alternatively, a process for obtaining a correction distance larger than the detection distance may be performed by performing the correction process. However, if the vehicle is controlled based on a detection distance by a nearby target, the distance from the preceding vehicle existing ahead of the host vehicle can be further increased. This means that the approach of the host vehicle to the preceding vehicle can be further suppressed. For this reason, the correction processing by the distance correction unit may be performed only when a distance variation that increases the detection distance occurs. Specifically, in this modification, for example, the distance fluctuation calculation unit 22 does not perform the correction by the distance correction unit 24 when the change in the detection distance indicates a change in which the detection distance becomes small, and the change in which the detection distance increases. May be configured to determine that the correction by the distance correction unit 24 should be performed.
 (M2)上記実施形態では、検知距離の補正を終了する際に、再度距離変動値が閾値以上となったか否かに基づいて行っている。このとき、距離変動は、以前に検知していた物標の位置に基づく検知距離が取得されることとなった場合に生ずることもあれば、さらに遠方の物標の位置に基づく検知距離が取得されることとなった場合に生ずることもある。そのため、距離変動が、検知距離が小さくなることに起因したものであるか、検知距離が大きくなることに起因したものであるかを判定するものとしてもよい。そして、検知距離が小さくなることに起因して距離変動が生じていれば、検知距離の補正を終了する。一方、検知距離が大きくなることに起因して距離変動が生じていれば、距離補正値を増加させればよい。なお、いずれの場合においても、フィルタ値の過去値はリセットされる。また、検知距離の補正が行われている期間に距離変動を検出した場合に、検知距離の現在値と補正距離の過去値との差が所定の閾値よりも小さい場合に、検知距離の補正を終了するものとしてもよい。 (M2) In the above-described embodiment, when the correction of the detection distance is finished, it is performed again based on whether or not the distance fluctuation value is equal to or greater than the threshold value. At this time, the distance fluctuation may occur when the detection distance based on the position of the target detected before is acquired, or the detection distance based on the position of the farther target is acquired. It may occur if it is to be done. Therefore, it may be determined whether the distance variation is caused by a decrease in the detection distance or by an increase in the detection distance. If the distance variation occurs due to the decrease in the detection distance, the correction of the detection distance ends. On the other hand, if the distance variation occurs due to the increase in the detection distance, the distance correction value may be increased. In any case, the past value of the filter value is reset. In addition, when a change in distance is detected during the period during which the detection distance is being corrected, if the difference between the current value of the detection distance and the past value of the correction distance is smaller than a predetermined threshold, the detection distance is corrected. It may be terminated.

Claims (6)

  1.  自車両の前方に所定周期で送信された送信波が、先行車両により反射され戻ってくる反射波に基づいて、前記自車両の前方に存在する先行車両の検知を行うための車両制御装置(10)であって、
     前記反射波により求められた前記自車両から前記先行車両までの距離を、検知距離として取得するように構成された検知距離取得部(21)と、
     前記検知距離の過去値を用いて、前記検知距離の変化を抑制する処理を行うように構成されたフィルタ処理部(23)と、
     前記検知距離の変化量を算出するように構成された距離変動算出部(22)と、
     前記変化量に基づいて前記検知距離の補正を実施するように構成された距離補正部(24)と、を備え、
     前記フィルタ処理部(23)は、前記距離補正部(24)による前記補正の開始時点で、前記検知距離の前記過去値をリセットするように構成されたことを特徴とする、車両制御装置。
    A vehicle control device (10) for detecting a preceding vehicle existing in front of the host vehicle based on a reflected wave that is transmitted in a predetermined cycle in front of the host vehicle and reflected back by the preceding vehicle. ) And
    A detection distance acquisition unit (21) configured to acquire a distance from the host vehicle determined by the reflected wave to the preceding vehicle as a detection distance;
    A filter processing unit (23) configured to perform a process of suppressing a change in the detection distance using a past value of the detection distance;
    A distance fluctuation calculating unit (22) configured to calculate a change amount of the detection distance;
    A distance correction unit (24) configured to correct the detection distance based on the amount of change,
    The vehicle control device, wherein the filter processing unit (23) is configured to reset the past value of the detection distance at a start time of the correction by the distance correction unit (24).
  2.  距離変動算出部(22)は、前記検知距離の変化量に基づいて前記距離補正部(24)による前記補正を開始するか否かを判定するように構成されたことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の車両制御装置。 The distance fluctuation calculation unit (22) is configured to determine whether to start the correction by the distance correction unit (24) based on a change amount of the detected distance. The vehicle control device according to 1.
  3.  前記距離変動算出部(22)は、前記補正を開始した後に、前記検知距離の変化量により前記補正を終了するか否かを判定するように構成され、
     前記フィルタ処理部(23)は、前記補正の終了時点で、前記検知距離の前記過去値をリセットするように構成されたことを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の車両制御装置。
    The distance variation calculation unit (22) is configured to determine whether to end the correction based on a change amount of the detection distance after starting the correction,
    The vehicle control device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the filter processing unit (23) is configured to reset the past value of the detection distance at the end of the correction.
  4.  前記距離変動算出部(22)は、前記検知距離の変化が、前記検知距離が小さくなる変化を示す場合には前記距離補正部(24)による前記補正を行わず、前記検知距離が大きくなる変化を示す場合に前記距離補正部(24)による前記補正を行うべきことを判定するように構成されたことを特徴とする、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の車両制御装置。 The distance fluctuation calculation unit (22) does not perform the correction by the distance correction unit (24) and changes the detection distance when the change in the detection distance indicates a change in which the detection distance decreases. The vehicle control apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the vehicle control apparatus is configured to determine that the correction by the distance correction unit (24) should be performed when the distance is indicated.
  5.  前記自車両と前記先行車両との相対速度を取得するように構成された相対速度取得部(26)をさらに備え、
     前記距離変動算出部(22)は、前記相対速度と、以前に取得された検知距離とに基づいて、前記自車両と前記先行車両との距離の推定値である距離推定値を算出し、取得された検知距離と算出された距離推定値との差を前記変化量として、前記検知距離の補正を行うか否かを判定するように構成されたことを特徴とする、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の車両制御装置。
    A relative speed acquisition unit (26) configured to acquire a relative speed between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle;
    The distance variation calculation unit (22) calculates and acquires a distance estimated value that is an estimated value of the distance between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle based on the relative speed and a previously acquired detected distance. The difference between the detected distance and the calculated distance estimate is used as the amount of change to determine whether or not to correct the detected distance. The vehicle control device according to any one of claims.
  6.  前記距離補正部(24)は、前記距離補正部(24)によって算出された前記検知距離の変化量に基づいて前記補正を開始するか否かを判定するように構成されたことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の車両制御装置。 The distance correction unit (24) is configured to determine whether to start the correction based on a change amount of the detection distance calculated by the distance correction unit (24). The vehicle control device according to claim 1.
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