WO2016112718A1 - 锂电池组充放电保护板及锂电池组保护系统 - Google Patents

锂电池组充放电保护板及锂电池组保护系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016112718A1
WO2016112718A1 PCT/CN2015/091638 CN2015091638W WO2016112718A1 WO 2016112718 A1 WO2016112718 A1 WO 2016112718A1 CN 2015091638 W CN2015091638 W CN 2015091638W WO 2016112718 A1 WO2016112718 A1 WO 2016112718A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery pack
lithium battery
control circuit
main control
protection board
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Application number
PCT/CN2015/091638
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邵海涵
邓兆威
黄兵
Original Assignee
深圳拓邦股份有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳拓邦股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳拓邦股份有限公司
Publication of WO2016112718A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016112718A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0026

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of lithium battery column protection, and more particularly to a lithium battery pack charge and discharge protection board and a lithium battery pack protection system.
  • Lithium battery packs have become the mainstream of power batteries due to their small size, light weight, high voltage, high power, low self-discharge and long service life.
  • the lithium battery pack due to the high internal energy density of the lithium battery pack, excessive heat build-up in an overcharged state may damage battery performance and service life. Therefore, the lithium battery pack must be equipped with a well-designed protection circuit to ensure its safety under overcharge and discharge conditions and to prevent its performance from deteriorating.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a lithium battery pack charge and discharge protection board and a lithium battery pack protection system.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem thereof is: constructing a lithium battery pack charging and discharging protection board
  • the lithium battery pack is composed of a plurality of single lithium batteries connected in series, including a main control circuit, and a charging control circuit and a discharge control circuit electrically connected to the main control circuit; and further comprising:
  • a sampling module electrically connected to the main control circuit for sampling battery information data of each of the single lithium batteries
  • the SMBUS communication port is electrically connected to the main control circuit, and is used for data communication between the main control circuit and the upper computer to report the battery information data to the upper computer;
  • a Bluetooth module electrically connected to the main control circuit for data communication between the main control circuit and the portable smart device to wirelessly transmit the battery information data to the portable smart device.
  • the sampling module includes:
  • a voltage sampling circuit electrically connected to the main control circuit for collecting terminal voltages of the respective single lithium batteries
  • a current sampling circuit electrically connected to the main control circuit for collecting loop currents of a plurality of the single lithium batteries connected in series;
  • a temperature sampling circuit electrically connected to the main control circuit for collecting a surface temperature of a battery of each of the single lithium batteries.
  • the battery information data includes a battery voltage, a loop current, and a cell surface temperature of each of the single lithium batteries, and a charge and discharge state of the lithium battery pack. Information and power data information.
  • the lithium battery pack charge and discharge protection board further includes an equalization circuit connected between the main control circuit and the lithium battery pack, wherein the lithium battery pack Each of the individual lithium batteries is connected in parallel to at least one equalization circuit.
  • the lithium battery pack charge and discharge protection board of the present invention further includes a power supply circuit for supplying power to the main control circuit, the SMBUS communication port, and the Bluetooth module.
  • the main control circuit includes an overcharge voltage comparison module, an overdischarge voltage comparison module, and a reference voltage source; and the reference voltage source is respectively compared to the overcharge voltage A module and the overdischarge voltage comparison module provide a reference voltage for comparison;
  • an output end of the overcharge voltage comparison module is connected to the charging control circuit, and an output end of the overdischarge voltage comparison module is connected to the discharge control circuit.
  • the charge control circuit and the discharge control circuit each include a MOS transistor for use as a loop switching device.
  • the main control circuit includes a Zhongying SH79F329 model single chip machine.
  • the present invention also provides a lithium battery pack protection system, including a lithium battery pack, and further comprising the lithium battery pack charge and discharge protection board described above.
  • the lithium battery protection system of the present invention further includes a host computer and a portable smart device, wherein the upper computer is connected to the lithium battery pack charging and discharging protection board through the SMBUS bus and performs data communication, and the portable smart device Bluetooth connection with the lithium battery pack charge and discharge protection board and data communication.
  • the technical solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
  • the lithium battery pack charging and discharging protection board of the present invention can sample the battery information data of each single lithium battery through the collecting module, and the main control circuit
  • the SMBUS communication port and the Bluetooth module are also connected to the same, so that the lithium battery pack charging and discharging protection board can not only send the sampled battery information data to the upper computer, but also can send the sampled battery information data to the portable smart device. Therefore, the user can conveniently manage the operation of the lithium battery pack in multiple ways, and realize the resource sharing of the battery information data, which is beneficial to the big data collection and access to the Internet of things of the lithium battery pack.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of a lithium battery pack charge and discharge protection board in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an equalization circuit in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a power supply circuit in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of a lithium battery pack charge and discharge protection board according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the structure of a lithium battery pack protection system in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • charging control circuit 3, discharge control circuit; 4, sampling module; 41, voltage sampling circuit;
  • FIG. 4 illustrate a lithium battery pack charge and discharge protection board according to the present invention, which can extend the service life of the lithium battery pack and enhance the safety of the battery.
  • the lithium battery pack used is composed of a plurality of single lithium batteries connected in series.
  • the lithium battery pack used therein can also be composed of a plurality of single lithium batteries in parallel, that is, the lithium battery pack.
  • the charge and discharge protection board has a wide application range and can be used in most lithium battery packs on the market.
  • Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of a lithium battery pack charge and discharge protection board in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of an equalization circuit (7) in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a power supply circuit (8) in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a view showing the operation of a lithium battery pack charge and discharge protection plate in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the lithium battery pack charge and discharge protection board includes a main control circuit (1), and the main control circuit
  • the main function of the main control circuit (1) is to realize the management of battery charge and discharge according to the programmed program and algorithm, to ensure the normal operation of the battery and prevent abnormal phenomena such as overcharge, over discharge, over current and short circuit.
  • the main function of the charge control circuit (2) and the discharge control circuit (3) is to charge/discharge the charge and discharge circuits to achieve charge and discharge protection.
  • the lithium battery pack charging and discharging protection board includes the above main control circuit (1), charging control circuit (2) and discharge control circuit (3), and the lithium battery pack charging and discharging protection board is further Includes sampling module (4), SMBUS communication port (5) and Bluetooth module (6).
  • the sampling module (4) is electrically connected to the main control circuit (1), and the main function of the sampling module (4) is to sample the battery information data of each single lithium battery.
  • the battery information data may include battery voltage, loop current, and cell surface temperature of each of the individual lithium batteries, as well as charge and discharge status information and power data information of the lithium battery pack.
  • the SMBUS communication port (5) is electrically connected to the main control circuit (1), and the SMBUS communication port (5) is mainly used for data communication between the main control circuit (1) and the upper computer to connect the battery Information data reporting Give the host computer. That is, the lithium battery pack charging and discharging protection board is connected to the upper computer through the SMBUS bus, and the software on the upper computer can display the sampled battery information data.
  • the Bluetooth module (6) is electrically connected to the main control circuit (1), and the main function of the Bluetooth module (6) is data communication between the main control circuit (1) and the portable smart device to transfer battery information.
  • the data is sent wirelessly to the portable smart device. That is, the lithium battery pack charging and discharging protection board can establish a wireless connection such as Bluetooth with the portable smart device.
  • portable smart devices include common smartphones, tablet computers, and the like. After the wireless connection is established, the battery information data sampled by the lithium battery pack charge and discharge protection board can be wirelessly transmitted to the smart phone and displayed through the APP software interface.
  • the lithium battery pack charge and discharge protection board of the present invention can sample the battery information data of each single lithium battery through the acquisition module, and the main control circuit (1) is also connected with the SMBUS communication port. (5) and the bluetooth module (6), so that the lithium battery pack charge and discharge protection board can not only send the sampled battery information data to the upper computer, but also can send the sampled battery information data to the portable smart device, thereby enabling It facilitates the user to manage the operation of the lithium battery pack in multiple ways, and realizes the resource sharing of the battery information data, which is beneficial to the big data collection and access to the Internet of Things of the lithium battery pack.
  • the sampling module (4) includes a voltage sampling circuit (41), a current sampling circuit (42), and a temperature sampling circuit (43).
  • the voltage sampling circuit (41) is electrically connected to the main control circuit (1), and the main function of the voltage sampling circuit (41) is to collect the terminal voltage of each single lithium battery. Specifically, the voltage sampling circuit (4 1) is responsible for differentially sampling the voltage of each single lithium battery of the lithium battery pack to the AD port of the single chip in the main control circuit (1) to obtain a single lithium battery. The digital amount of voltage.
  • the current sampling circuit (42) is electrically connected to the main control circuit (1), and the main function of the current sampling circuit (42) is to collect loop currents of a plurality of single lithium batteries connected in series. Specifically, the current sampling circuit (42) is responsible for converting the current signal flowing through the loop into a voltage signal and supplying it to the single-chip microcomputer in the main control circuit (1), and the single-chip microcomputer collects the signal and then turns it into a digital quantity.
  • the temperature sampling circuit (43) is electrically connected to the main control circuit (1), and the main function of the temperature sampling circuit (43) is to collect the surface temperature of the cells of each single lithium battery. In general, this temperature is sampled.
  • the circuit (43) and the voltage sampling circuit (41) described above can be designed as a circuit, so that the lithium battery pack charging and discharging protection board has a smaller structural size, thereby having a lithium battery pack of the lithium battery pack charging and discharging protection board. The smaller size saves the installation space of the lithium battery pack, which is more conducive to the installation of the lithium battery pack.
  • the lithium battery pack charge and discharge protection board further includes an equalization circuit (7) connected between the main control circuit (1) and the lithium battery pack, wherein the lithium battery pack Each of the individual lithium batteries is connected in parallel to at least one equalization circuit (7).
  • a lithium battery pack generally consists of two or more single-cell lithium batteries connected in series. Each of the single-cell lithium batteries may have inconsistent capacity and performance due to differences in production processes and usage environments. After the inconsistent lithium battery pack is charged, the single-cell lithium battery with a relatively small capacity will be overcharged one by one, and the single-cell lithium battery with a relatively small capacity will be over-discharged one step earlier.
  • the main function of the equalization circuit (7) is to achieve balanced charging of the individual lithium batteries of the lithium battery pack, and to reduce the consistency requirement of the lithium battery packs in series to each of the individual lithium batteries.
  • the specific circuit of the equalization circuit (7) has various kinds.
  • the equalization circuit (7) in the present invention is preferably a specific circuit as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the equalization circuit (7) can be connected to the equalization port 10 of the single-chip microcomputer in the main control circuit (1), and the equalization function of each single-cell lithium battery can be turned on/off by the program-controlled single-chip equalization of 10 ports.
  • the lithium battery pack charge and discharge protection board further includes a power supply circuit for supplying power to the main control circuit (1), the S MBUS communication port (5), and the Bluetooth module (6) (8). ).
  • the specific circuit of the power supply circuit (8) has various kinds.
  • the power supply circuit (8) in the present invention is preferably a specific circuit as shown in Fig. 3.
  • the power supply circuit (8) can step down the battery pack PACK voltage to the standard voltage of each module and the single chip microcomputer, and achieve the purpose of power supply of the circuit board.
  • the main control circuit (1) may include an overcharge voltage comparison module (A)
  • the reference voltage source (13) is an overcharge voltage comparison module (11) and an overdischarge voltage comparison module (A
  • the output of the overcharge voltage comparison module (11) is connected to the charge control circuit (2), and the output of the overdischarge voltage comparison module (12) is connected to the discharge control circuit (3).
  • the charge control circuit (2) and the discharge control circuit (3) both include an MO S tube for use as a loop-off device.
  • the main control circuit (1) can accurately sample each cell voltage, cell surface temperature, and loop current to compare the sampled value with the protection value to determine whether the charge/discharge circuit is cut or In the future, the main control circuit (1) can also calculate the SOC of the lithium battery pack and realize the capacity learning of the lithium battery pack SOH.
  • the working principle of the lithium battery pack charging and discharging protection board is as follows:
  • the charger output current charges the lithium battery pack, and the charging current direction is as shown by the arrow indicated by the arrow in FIG. 5, and the voltage, current, and temperature collected by the single-chip microcomputer in the main control circuit (1)
  • the data is compared with the set over-voltage, over-current, and over-temperature protection parameters. If the protection parameter is exceeded, the charging MOS tube (charging MOS) is turned off, the charging circuit is broken, and the lithium battery pack is not overcharged.
  • the output current of the lithium battery pack is discharged to the load, and the direction of the discharge current is as shown by the arrow indicated by the arrow in FIG. 5, and the voltage, current, and temperature data collected by the single-chip microcomputer in the main control circuit (1) will be collected.
  • the discharge M OS tube discharge MOS
  • the discharge circuit is broken, and the lithium battery pack is protected.
  • the single chip microcomputer in the above main control circuit (1) can adopt the Zhongying SH79F329 model single chip machine.
  • the SH79F329 model MCU has an enhanced 8051 microprocessor with an analog front end.
  • the SH79 F329 model MCU integrates the voltage sampling analog front end.
  • the external battery of the sampling bow I can directly obtain the voltage information of the single lithium battery.
  • the integrated 16-bit ADC makes the sampling accuracy of voltage and current high, ensuring the SOC and SOH accuracy.
  • the SH79F329 model also integrates a 12V high-voltage output control pin to directly drive the charge-discharge MOS transistor, which greatly reduces peripheral components and reduces PCB size.
  • FIG. 5 shows a lithium battery pack protection system in the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the structure of a lithium battery pack protection system in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the lithium battery pack (10) protection system includes a lithium battery pack (10) and the lithium battery pack charge and discharge protection plate (20) described above.
  • the lithium battery pack (10) can be widely used in notebook computers, uninterruptible power supplies, automobiles, security, communications, medical, aerospace/aerospace, military, and the like.
  • the lithium battery pack (10) protection system further includes a host computer (30) and a portable smart device (40), and the host computer (30) is connected to the lithium battery pack charge and discharge protection board (20) through the SMBUS bus and performs data.
  • the upper computer (30) can be a common computer or a PC computer, etc.
  • the portable smart device (40) can be a common smart phone or a tablet computer or the like.
  • the host computer (30) is installed with software for checking the status and usage of the battery pack, and the software can also provide a system parameter setting interface for the professional to set the battery protection parameter.
  • the portable smart device (40) is equipped with an APP for viewing the status and usage of the battery pack, and as the function of the APP is continuously updated, the battery protection parameter can also be set on the portable smart device (40). . That is, the lithium battery pack (10) protection system enables the user to monitor and manage the lithium battery pack (10) in multiple ways.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

一种锂电池组充放电保护板,包括采样模块(4),与主控电路(1)电性连接,用于采样各个单体锂电池的电池信息数据;SMBUS通信端口(5),与主控电路电性连接,用于主控电路与上位机(30)之间的数据通信,以将电池信息数据上报给上位机;蓝牙模块(6),与主控电路电性连接,用于主控电路与便携式智能设备(40)之间的数据通信,以将电池信息数据无线发送给便携式智能设备。锂电池组充放电保护板不仅能够将采样到的电池信息数据发送给上位机,还能够将采样到的电池信息数据发送给便携式智能设备,从而能方便了用户对锂电池组的运行实现多途径的管理,并实现了电池信息数据的资源共享,利于锂电池组的大数据收集和接入物联网。

Description

锂电池组充放电保护板及锂电池组保护系统
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及锂电池柱保护领域, 尤其是涉及一种锂电池组充放电保护板及锂电 池组保护系统。
背景技术
[0002] 锂电池组由于具有体积小、 质量轻、 电压高、 功率大、 自放电少以及使用寿命 长等优点, 使其逐渐成为动力电池的主流。 但由于锂电池组的内部能量密度高 , 在过度充电状态下, 内部热量积聚过多有可能损伤电池性能和使用寿命。 因 此, 锂电池组必须配用设计优良的保护电路, 以保证其在过度充、 放电状态下 的安全性, 并防止其性能劣化。
[0003] 现有的锂电池组保护用集成电路大多采用纯模拟电路。 但是纯模拟电路的生 产工艺比硬件复杂, 软件的可靠性不高, 使用不稳定。 并且, 现有的锂电池组 保护方案中都没有考虑锂电池组的电池信息的资源共享, 不利于锂电池组的大 数据收集和接入物联网。
技术问题
[0004] 本发明要解决的技术问题在于, 提供一种锂电池组充放电保护板及锂电池组保 护系统。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0005] 本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是: 构造一种锂电池组充放电保护板
, 配用的锂电池组由多个单体锂电池串联组成, 包括主控电路, 以及与所述主 控电路电性连接的充电控制电路和放电控制电路; 还包括:
[0006] 采样模块, 与所述主控电路电性连接, 用于采样各个所述单体锂电池的电池信 息数据;
[0007] SMBUS通信端口, 与所述主控电路电性连接, 用于所述主控电路与上位机之 间的数据通信, 以将所述电池信息数据上报给所述上位机; [0008] 蓝牙模块, 与所述主控电路电性连接, 用于所述主控电路与便携式智能设备之 间的数据通信, 以将所述电池信息数据无线发送给所述便携式智能设备。
[0009] 本发明的锂电池组充放电保护板中, 所述采样模块包括:
[0010] 电压采样电路, 与所述主控电路电性连接, 用于采集各个所述单体锂电池的端 电压;
[0011] 电流采样电路, 与所述主控电路电性连接, 用于采集串联的多个所述单体锂电 池的回路电流;
[0012] 温度采样电路, 与所述主控电路电性连接, 用于采集各个所述单体锂电池的电 芯表面温度。
[0013] 本发明的锂电池组充放电保护板中, 所述电池信息数据包括各个所述单体锂电 池的电池电压、 回路电流和电芯表面温度, 以及所述锂电池组的充放电状态信 息和电量数据信息。
[0014] 本发明的锂电池组充放电保护板中, 所述锂电池组充放电保护板还包括连接在 所述主控电路和锂电池组之间的均衡电路, 其中, 所述锂电池组的各个单体锂 电池并联连接至少一个均衡电路。
[0015] 本发明的锂电池组充放电保护板中, 所述锂电池组充放电保护板还包括用于给 所述主控电路、 SMBUS通信端口和所述蓝牙模块供电的供电电路。
[0016] 本发明的锂电池组充放电保护板中, 所述主控电路包括过充电电压比较模块、 过放电电压比较模块和基准电压源; 所述基准电压源分别为所述过充电电压比 较模块和所述过放电电压比较模块提供供比较的基准电压;
[0017] 所述过充电电压比较模块的输出端连接所述充电控制电路, 所述过放电电压比 较模块的输出端连接所述放电控制电路。
[0018] 本发明的锂电池组充放电保护板中, 所述充电控制电路和所述放电控制电路均 包括用于作为回路幵关器件的 MOS管。
[0019] 本发明的锂电池组充放电保护板中, 所述主控电路包括中颖 SH79F329型号单 片机。
[0020] 本发明还提供了一种锂电池组保护系统, 包括锂电池组, 还包括上述的锂电池 组充放电保护板。 [0021] 本发明的锂电池组保护系统中, 还包括上位机和便携式智能设备, 所述上位 机通过 SMBUS总线与所述锂电池组充放电保护板连接并进行数据通信, 所述便 携式智能设备与所述锂电池组充放电保护板蓝牙连接并进行数据通信。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0022] 实施本发明的技术方案, 至少具有以下的有益效果: 本发明中的锂电池组充放 电保护板能通过采集模块实吋采样各个单体锂电池的电池信息数据, 且该主控 电路还同吋连接有 SMBUS通信端口和蓝牙模块, 使得该锂电池组充放电保护板 不仅能够将采样到的电池信息数据发送给上位机, 还能够将采样到的电池信息 数据发送给便携式智能设备, 从而能方便了用户对锂电池组的运行实现多途径 的管理, 并实现了电池信息数据的资源共享, 利于锂电池组的大数据收集和接 入物联网。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0023] 下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明, 附图中:
[0024] 图 1是本发明的一实施例中的锂电池组充放电保护板的结构框图;
[0025] 图 2是本发明的一实施例中的均衡电路的电路图;
[0026] 图 3是本发明的一实施例中的供电电路的电路图;
[0027] 图 4是本发明的一实施例中的锂电池组充放电保护板的工作原理图;
[0028] 图 5是本发明的一实施例中的锂电池组保护系统的结构框图;
[0029] 其中, 1、 主控电路; 11、 过充电电压比较模块; 12、 过放电电压比较模块; 1 3、 基准电压源;
[0030] 2、 充电控制电路; 3、 放电控制电路; 4、 采样模块; 41、 电压采样电路; 42
、 电流采样电路; 43、 温度采样电路;
[0031] 5、 SMBUS通信端口; 6、 蓝牙模块; 7、 均衡电路; 8、 供电电路;
[0032] 10、 锂电池组; 20、 锂电池组充放电保护板; 30、 上位机; 40、 便携式智能设 备。 实施该发明的最佳实施例
本发明的最佳实施方式
[0033] 为了对本发明的技术特征、 目的和效果有更加清楚的理解, 现对照附图详细说 明本发明的具体实施方式。
[0034] 图 1至图 4示出了本发明中的一种锂电池组充放电保护板, 该锂电子组充放电保 护板能够起到延长锂电池组的使用寿命, 加强电池的使用安全性的作用, 一般 情况下, 其配用的锂电池组由多个单体锂电池串联组成, 当然, 其配用的锂电 池组也可以由多个单体锂电池并联组成, 即该锂电池组充放电保护板的适用范 围广, 可运用于市面上大部分的锂电池组中。
[0035] 图 1是本发明的一实施例中的锂电池组充放电保护板的结构框图。 图 2是本发明 的一实施例中的均衡电路 (7) 的电路图。 图 3是本发明的一实施例中的供电电 路 (8) 的电路图。 图 4是本发明的一实施例中的锂电池组充放电保护板的工作 原理图。
[0036] 如图 1所示, 该锂电池组充放电保护板包括主控电路 (1) , 以及与该主控电路
( 1) 电性连接的充电控制电路 (2) 和放电控制电路 (3) 。 该主控电路 (1) 的主要作用在于根据编制的程序、 算法, 实现电池充放电的管理, 保证电池正 常运行, 防止过充、 过放、 过流、 短路等异常现象发生。 而该充电控制电路 (2 ) 和放电控制电路 (3) 的主要作用在于负责幵启 /关断充、 放电回路, 从而达到 充放电保护的功能。
[0037] 参阅图 1, 该锂电池组充放电保护板除了包括上述的主控电路 (1) 、 充电控制 电路 (2) 和放电控制电路 (3) 外, 该锂电池组充放电保护板还包括采样模块 (4) 、 SMBUS通信端口 (5) 和蓝牙模块 (6) 。
[0038] 该采样模块 (4) 与主控电路 (1) 电性连接, 该采样模块 (4) 的主要作用在 于采样各个单体锂电池的电池信息数据。 一般情况下, 该电池信息数据可包括 各个单体锂电池的电池电压、 回路电流和电芯表面温度, 以及锂电池组的充放 电状态信息和电量数据信息。
[0039] 该 SMBUS通信端口 (5) 与主控电路 (1) 电性连接, 该 SMBUS通信端口 (5 ) 的主要用于主控电路 (1) 与上位机之间的数据通信, 以将电池信息数据上报 给上位机。 即该锂电池组充放电保护板通过 SMBUS总线连接到上位机吋, 上位 机上的软件可以显示采样到的电池信息数据。
[0040] 该蓝牙模块 (6) 与主控电路 (1) 电性连接, 该蓝牙模块 (6) 的主要作用在 于主控电路 (1) 与便携式智能设备之间的数据通信, 以将电池信息数据无线发 送给便携式智能设备。 即该锂电池组充放电保护板可以与便携式智能设备之间 建立蓝牙等无线连接。 一般情况下, 便携式智能设备包括常见的智能手机、 平 板电脑等。 则建立无线连接后, 该锂电池组充放电保护板采样到的电池信息数 据可以无线发送给智能手机, 并通过 APP软件界面进行显示。
[0041] 可以理解地, 要实现该锂电池组充放电保护板与便携式智能设备之间的无线连 接, 除了使用上述的蓝牙模块 (6) 外, 还可以使用 WiFi模块或 3G通信模块等。
[0042] 综上, 本发明中的锂电池组充放电保护板能通过采集模块实吋采样各个单体锂 电池的电池信息数据, 且该主控电路 (1) 还同吋连接有 SMBUS通信端口 (5) 和蓝牙模块 (6) , 使得该锂电池组充放电保护板不仅能够将采样到的电池信息 数据发送给上位机, 还能够将采样到的电池信息数据发送给便携式智能设备, 从而能方便了用户对锂电池组的运行实现多途径的管理, 并实现了电池信息数 据的资源共享, 利于锂电池组的大数据收集和接入物联网。
[0043] 进一步地, 如图 1所示, 该采样模块 (4) 包括电压采样电路 (41) 、 电流采样 电路 (42) 和温度采样电路 (43) 。
[0044] 该电压采样电路 (41) 与主控电路 (1) 电性连接, 该电压采样电路 (41) 的 主要作用在于采集各个单体锂电池的端电压。 具体实施吋, 该电压采样电路 (4 1) 负责将锂电池组的各单体锂电池的电压接入给主控电路 (1) 中的单片机的 A D端口进行差分采样, 以得到单体锂电池的电压的数字量。
[0045] 该电流采样电路 (42) 与主控电路 (1) 电性连接, 该电流采样电路 (42) 的 主要作用在于采集串联的多个单体锂电池的回路电流。 具体实施吋, 该电流采 样电路 (42) 负责将流经回路的电流信号转换成电压信号提供给主控电路 (1) 中的单片机, 该单片机采集到该信号后再将其变成数字量。
[0046] 该温度采样电路 (43) 与主控电路 (1) 电性连接, 该温度采样电路 (43) 的 主要作用在于采集各个单体锂电池的电芯表面温度。 一般情况下, 该温度采样 电路 (43) 和上述的电压采样电路 (41) 可以设计成一个电路, 从而使得该锂 电池组充放电保护板的结构尺寸更小, 从而具有该锂电池组充放电保护板的锂 电池组的体积更小, 节省了锂电池组的安装空间, 更加有利于锂电池组的安装 应用。
[0047] 更进一步地, 如图 1所示, 该锂电池组充放电保护板还包括连接在主控电路 (1 ) 和锂电池组之间的均衡电路 (7) , 其中, 锂电池组的各个单体锂电池并联连 接至少一个均衡电路 (7) 。 锂电池组一般由两节以上的单体锂电池串联组成, 各单体锂电池由于存在生产工艺差别、 使用环境差别等原因会产生容量、 性能 的不一致。 这种不一致的锂电池组在充电吋, 容量相对小的单体锂电池会早一 步过充电, 而放电吋, 容量相对小的单体锂电池又会早一步过放电。 则该均衡 电路 (7) 的主要作用在于实现锂电池组的各个单体锂电池的均衡充电, 降低了 锂电池组串联成组对各单体锂电池间的一致性要求。
[0048] 可以理解地, 该均衡电路 (7) 的具体电路具有多样性, 参阅图 2, 本发明中的 均衡电路 (7) 优选的为如图 2所示的具体电路。 具体实施吋, 可将该均衡电路 (7) 与主控电路 (1) 中的单片机的均衡 10口连接, 通过程序控制单片机的均 衡 10口可以幵启 /关闭各单体锂电池的均衡功能。
[0049] 另外, 如图 1所示, 该锂电池组充放电保护板还包括用于给主控电路 (1) 、 S MBUS通信端口 (5) 和蓝牙模块 (6) 供电的供电电路 (8) 。 可以理解地, 该 供电电路 (8) 的具体电路具有多样性, 参阅图 3, 本发明中的供电电路 (8) 优 选的为如图 3所示的具体电路。 具体实施吋, 该供电电路 (8) 可将电池组 PACK 电压降压至各模块、 单片机工作的标准电压, 达到电路板供电的目的。
[0050] 在一些实施例中, 如图 1所示, 该主控电路 (1) 可包括过充电电压比较模块 (
11) 、 过放电电压比较模块 (12) 和基准电压源 (13) 。
[0051] 基准电压源 (13) 分别为过充电电压比较模块 (11) 和过放电电压比较模块 (
12) 提供供比较的基准电压, 过充电电压比较模块 (11) 的输出端连接充电控 制电路 (2) , 过放电电压比较模块 (12) 的输出端连接放电控制电路 (3) 。 且充电控制电路 (2) 和放电控制电路 (3) 均包括用于作为回路幵关器件的 MO S管。 [0052] 并且, 该主控电路 (1) 除了能实吋采样各单体电池电压、 电芯表面温度、 回 路电流, 以将采样值与保护值作比较, 判别是否对充放电回路是否切断或恢复 夕卜, 该主控电路 (1) 还能同吋计算锂电池组的 SOC, 以及实现锂电池组 SOH的 容量学习。
[0053] 如图 4所示, 该锂电池组充放电保护板的工作原理如下:
[0054] 充电过程中, 充电器输出电流给锂电池组充电, 充电电流方向如图 5中的箭头 指示的回路所示, 主控电路 (1) 中的单片机将采集到的电压、 电流、 温度数据 与设定好的过压、 过流、 过温保护参数做比较, 如果超过了保护参数则切断充 电 MOS管 (充电 MOS), 使充电回路断幵, 保护锂电池组不过充。
[0055] 放电过程中, 锂电池组输出电流给负载放电, 放电电流方向如图 5中的箭头指 示的回路所示, 主控电路 (1) 中的单片机将采集到的电压、 电流、 温度数据与 设定好的欠压、 过流、 过温保护参数做比较, 如果超过了保护参数则切断放电 M OS管 (放电 MOS), 使放电回路断幵, 保护锂电池组不过放。
[0056] 在一些实施例中, 上述主控电路 (1) 中的单片机可采用中颖 SH79F329型号单 片机。 该 SH79F329型号单片机带有模拟前端的增强型 8051微处理器。 且该 SH79 F329型号单片机集成了电压采样模拟前端, 采样弓 I脚外接电池可直接获取单体 锂电池的电压信息, 集成的 16位 ADC, 使得电压、 电流的采样精度很高, 保证 了 SOC及 SOH的精准度。 此外, 该 SH79F329型号单片机还集成了 12V高压输出 控制引脚, 可直接驱动控制充放电 MOS管, 这很大程度上减少了外围器件, 缩 小了 PCB结构尺寸。
[0057] 图 5示出了本发明中的一种锂电池组保护系统, 图 5是本发明的一实施例中的锂 电池组保护系统的结构框图。 如图 5所示, 该锂电池组 (10) 保护系统包括锂电 池组 (10) 和上述的锂电池组充放电保护板 (20) 。 该锂电池组 (10) 可以广 泛应用于笔记本电脑、 不间断电源、 汽车、 安防、 通讯、 医疗、 航空 /航天、 军 事等领域。
[0058] 该锂电池组 (10) 保护系统还包括上位机 (30) 和便携式智能设备 (40) , 上 位机 (30) 通过 SMBUS总线与锂电池组充放电保护板 (20) 连接并进行数据通 信, 便携式智能设备 (40) 与锂电池组充放电保护板 (20) 蓝牙连接并进行数 据通信。 可以理解地, 该上位机 (30) 可以为常见的计算机或 PC电脑等, 该便 携式智能设备 (40) 可以为常见的智能手机或平板电脑等。
[0059] 进一步地, 该上位机 (30) 中安装有用于査看电池组状态及使用情况的软件, 该软件还可以提供系统参数设置界面供专业人士设置电池保护参数。 同样的, 该便携式智能设备 (40) 中安装有用于査看电池组状态及使用情况的 APP, 且随 着 APP的功能的不断更新, 同样可以实现在便携式智能设备 (40) 上设置电池保 护参数。 即锂电池组 (10) 保护系统能够使得用户可以多途径监控和管理该锂 电池组 (10) 。
[0060] 以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已, 并不用于限制本发明, 对于本领域的 技术人员来说, 本发明可以有各种更改、 组合和变化。 凡在本发明的精神和原 则之内, 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的权利要求 范围之内。

Claims

权利要求书
一种锂电池组充放电保护板, 配用的锂电池组由多个单体锂电池串联 组成, 包括主控电路 (1) , 以及与所述主控电路 (1) 电性连接的充 电控制电路 (2) 和放电控制电路 (3) ; 其特征在于, 还包括: 采样模块 (4) , 与所述主控电路 (1) 电性连接, 用于采样各个所述 单体锂电池的电池信息数据;
SMBUS通信端口 (5) , 与所述主控电路 (1) 电性连接, 用于所述 主控电路 (1) 与上位机之间的数据通信, 以将所述电池信息数据上 报给所述上位机;
蓝牙模块 (6) , 与所述主控电路 (1) 电性连接, 用于所述主控电路
(1) 与便携式智能设备之间的数据通信, 以将所述电池信息数据无 线发送给所述便携式智能设备。
根据权利要求 1所述的锂电池组充放电保护板, 其特征在于, 所述采 样模块 (4) 包括:
电压采样电路 (41) , 与所述主控电路 (1) 电性连接, 用于采集各 个所述单体锂电池的端电压;
电流采样电路 (42) , 与所述主控电路 (1) 电性连接, 用于采集串 联的多个所述单体锂电池的回路电流;
温度采样电路 (43) , 与所述主控电路 (1) 电性连接, 用于采集各 个所述单体锂电池的电芯表面温度。
根据权利要求 1所述的锂电池组充放电保护板, 其特征在于, 所述电 池信息数据包括各个所述单体锂电池的电池电压、 回路电流和电芯表 面温度, 以及所述锂电池组的充放电状态信息和电量数据信息。 根据权利要求 1所述的锂电池组充放电保护板, 其特征在于, 所述锂 电池组充放电保护板还包括连接在所述主控电路 (1) 和锂电池组之 间的均衡电路 (7) , 其中, 所述锂电池组的各个单体锂电池并联连 接至少一个均衡电路 (7) 。
根据权利要求 1所述的锂电池组充放电保护板, 其特征在于, 所述锂 电池组充放电保护板还包括用于给所述主控电路 (1) 、 SMBUS通信 端口 (5) 和所述蓝牙模块 (6) 供电的供电电路 (8) 。
[权利要求 6] 根据权利要求 1所述的锂电池组充放电保护板, 其特征在于, 所述主 控电路 (1) 包括过充电电压比较模块 (11) 、 过放电电压比较模块
( 12) 和基准电压源 (13) ; 所述基准电压源 (13) 分别为所述过充 电电压比较模块 (11) 和所述过放电电压比较模块 (12) 提供供比较 的基准电压;
所述过充电电压比较模块 (11) 的输出端连接所述充电控制电路 (2 ) , 所述过放电电压比较模块 (12) 的输出端连接所述放电控制电路
(3) 。
[权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 6所述的锂电池组充放电保护板, 其特征在于, 所述充 电控制电路 (2) 和所述放电控制电路 (3) 均包括用于作为回路幵关 器件的 MOS管。
[权利要求 8] 根据权利要求 1所述的锂电池组充放电保护板, 其特征在于, 所述主 控电路 (1) 包括中颖 SH79F329型号单片机。
[权利要求 9] 一种锂电池组 (10) 保护系统, 包括锂电池组 (10) , 其特征在于, 还包括权利要求 1至 8任一项所述的锂电池组充放电保护板 (20) 。
[权利要求 10] 根据权利要求 9所述的锂电池组 (10) 保护系统, 其特征在于, 还包 括上位机 (30) 和便携式智能设备 (40) , 所述上位机 (30) 通过 S MBUS总线与所述锂电池组充放电保护板 (20) 连接并进行数据通信 , 所述便携式智能设备 (40) 与所述锂电池组充放电保护板 (20) 蓝 牙连接并进行数据通信。
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