WO2016112612A1 - 球座组件及投球滑套式压裂装置 - Google Patents

球座组件及投球滑套式压裂装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016112612A1
WO2016112612A1 PCT/CN2015/080588 CN2015080588W WO2016112612A1 WO 2016112612 A1 WO2016112612 A1 WO 2016112612A1 CN 2015080588 W CN2015080588 W CN 2015080588W WO 2016112612 A1 WO2016112612 A1 WO 2016112612A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fracturing
ball
inner sleeve
sleeve
window
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/080588
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵锦栋
张曦予
王昕宇
李良辉
黄会方
郭海辉
任永生
李勇
林清沿
杨帆
Original Assignee
深圳市百勤石油技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳市百勤石油技术有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市百勤石油技术有限公司
Publication of WO2016112612A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016112612A1/zh

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/06Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
    • E21B34/14Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of tools, e.g. sleeve valves operated by pistons or wire line tools
    • E21B34/142Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of tools, e.g. sleeve valves operated by pistons or wire line tools unsupported or free-falling elements, e.g. balls, plugs, darts or pistons
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/12Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of oil and gas completion equipment, and in particular to a ball seat assembly and a ball-sliding type fracturing device.
  • the perforation cost is high, and the perforation may cause damage to the formation; the pumping bridge plug requires a large amount of water; the drilling cost is high, the drilling time is high. Longer. Moreover, after a certain distance of operation, it is necessary to take out cable-changing bridge plugs and perforating bullets, and the construction period is quite long; the cable car is also needed during the construction process. In addition, the approval and transportation of perforating bullets, setting tools and gunpowder are difficult and will affect construction efficiency.
  • the pump needs to stop the pump and send the ball during the operation. After the operation is completed, the ball seat or the ball seat needs to be drilled; due to the structure of the fracturing sleeve itself The reason is that the number of segmentation levels is limited. In addition, the quality of the grinding of the tee will directly affect the ease of subsequent re-engineering.
  • the present invention provides a ball seat assembly for a ball sliding sleeve type fracturing device, comprising a plurality of ball seat brackets separated from each other, the plurality of ball seat brackets being enclosed as one a hollow annular seat; each of the ball brackets includes a limiting plate and a receiving portion connected to each other, and the limiting plate is interposed between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve of the ball sliding sleeve type fracturing device, The receiving portion passes through the inner sleeve and protrudes from an inner wall surface of the inner sleeve.
  • the present invention also provides a ball-sliding sleeve type fracturing device comprising an inner sleeve, a jacket, a fracturing ball, and a ball seat assembly as described above; the inner sleeve is slidably sleeved in the outer sleeve Internally, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are respectively provided with a fracturing window for fracturing fluid to flow out to perform fracturing, and the inner sleeve slides in the axial direction to open or close the fracturing window; a crushing ball releasing groove is formed on an inner side surface, the fracturing ball is placed on the ball seat assembly; when the ball seat assembly is moved to the fracturing ball releasing groove, The fracturing ball generates a downward thrust under an external force, pushing the plurality of ball seat brackets to move radially outward, so that the inner diameter of the ball seat assembly becomes larger, and the fracturing
  • the ball-sliding fracturing device further includes a positioning mechanism disposed between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, the positioning mechanism including being disposed outside the inner sleeve a guiding groove on the wall surface and a positioning sleeve sleeved between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, the shape of the guiding groove is matched with a preset moving path of the inner sleeve, and the inner side of the positioning sleeve is disposed a positioning portion extending into the guiding groove; the inner sleeve sliding relative to the outer sleeve under an external force, the positioning portion moving along a side wall of the guiding groove to control the inner sleeve along the preset The path moves.
  • the ball-sliding sleeve type fracturing device further includes a return spring sleeved in the outer sleeve, the return spring has one end fixed, and the other end of which is in contact with the end of the inner sleeve
  • the inner sleeve moves downward along a predetermined path defined by the positioning mechanism by an external force, compresses the return spring and opens the fracture window to perform fracturing; when the fracture is stopped and the pressure is released
  • the return spring is reset to reversely push the inner sleeve to move along a predetermined path defined by the positioning mechanism.
  • the guiding groove has a plurality of the following positions extending along the axial direction of the inner sleeve and sequentially disposed along the circumferential direction of the inner sleeve: [0013] an initial position, located at a bottom end of the guiding groove, when the ball-sliding fracturing device is installed, the positioning portion is located at the initial position, and the fracturing window is in a closed state;
  • a fracturing position located at an end of the guiding groove away from the initial position, when the positioning portion is located at the fracturing position, the fracturing window is opened to perform fracturing;
  • a pressure-removing position located at a bottom end of the guiding groove, when the positioning portion is located in the pressure-removing position ⁇ , the fracturing window is closed to suspend the fracturing;
  • a fracturing ball releasing position located at an end of the guiding groove away from the initial position, when the positioning portion is located at the fracturing ball releasing position, the ball seat assembly moves to the fracturing ball At the release slot, the inner diameter of the ball seat assembly becomes larger, and the fracturing ball passes through the ball seat assembly and falls into the next segment of the ball slide sleeve fracturing device;
  • an automatic reset position located at a bottom end of the guiding groove, when the positioning portion is located in the automatic reset position, the fracturing window is closed, and the fracturing of the pitching sliding fracturing device in this paragraph The process is complete.
  • the guiding groove further comprises a secondary fracturing position and a secondary decompression position which are sequentially disposed between the decompression position and the fracturing ball release position along a circumferential direction of the inner sleeve.
  • the secondary fracturing position is located at one end of the guiding groove away from the initial position, and when the positioning portion is located at the secondary fracturing position, the fracturing window is opened to perform fracturing again;
  • the second pressure-removing position is located at a bottom end of the guiding groove, and when the positioning portion is located at the second pressure-removing position, the fracturing window is closed again to suspend the fracturing.
  • the guiding groove further includes an adjusting position and a sliding sleeve opening position which are sequentially disposed between the automatic reset position and the initial position along a circumferential direction of the inner sleeve; a position for determining a position where the inner sleeve is located by the moving path of the inner sleeve; the sliding sleeve opening position is located above the release position of the crushing ball on the guiding groove, when the positioning portion is located at the In the sliding sleeve open position ⁇ , the fracturing window is opened and the inner sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer sleeve by a fixing mechanism.
  • the ball-sliding sleeve fracturing device further includes a fixing mechanism between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve;
  • the fixing mechanism includes a fixing ring, a fixing ring receiving groove and a fixing ring releasing groove
  • the fixing ring is disposed between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve in a compressed state;
  • the fixing ring receiving groove is formed on the inner sleeve for receiving the compressed retaining ring;
  • a ring release groove is formed on the outer casing, and the fixing ring is elastically expanded when the fixing ring receiving groove is moved to communicate with the fixing ring release groove
  • the sleeve is swollen into the fixing ring release groove, so that the inner sleeve stops sliding and is fixedly connected to the outer sleeve.
  • the ball-sliding sleeve type fracturing device further includes a split type shear ring assembly, the shear ring assembly includes a shear ring having an L-shaped cross section, and the shear ring card Between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, comprising a fixing portion and a shearing portion that are perpendicularly and fixedly connected to each other; a space for clamping and fixing the fixing portion is formed between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve; The inner sleeve is provided with a shear groove for receiving the shearing portion.
  • the inner sleeve is provided with a plurality of first fracturing windows in a circumferential direction
  • the outer casing is provided with a plurality of second fracturing windows in a circumferential direction
  • the inner sleeve is slid, so that a first fracturing window coincides with the second fracturing window to open the fracturing window
  • an anti-corrosion sleeve assembly is disposed between the inner sleeve and the outer casing, and the anti-corrosion sleeve assembly has a third fracturing
  • a window is secured to the inside of the outer casing such that the third fracturing window coincides with the second fracturing window.
  • the ball seat assembly and the ball-sliding fracturing device provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: [0024] (1)
  • the ball seat assembly is a split type mechanism composed of a plurality of separated ball seat brackets. In the preset state, Zhang Wei releases the fracturing ball 5, and falls into the next section of the ball-sliding fracturing device, so that only one ball can be cast and the infinite layer can be fractured. In addition, there is no need for complicated ball throwers and ball catchers, and a large amount of pumping liquid can be saved, reducing construction costs.
  • the fracturing window is provided with an anti-corrosion sleeve assembly to prevent the fracturing window from being damaged or corroded under the high-pressure erosion of the fracturing fluid, and also preventing the fracturing fluid from overflowing and causing a pressure drop.
  • the shear ring of the present invention can solve the defect that the conventional shear pin used in the prior art is sheared and affects the sliding of the inner sleeve.
  • the spring protective cover may be used to prevent the operation of the ball-sliding fracturing device from being affected by the entry of impurities into the spring during cementing and fracturing.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a ball-sliding sleeve type fracturing device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of the A segment of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a shear ring of FIG. 2;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the shear ring of Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of the B segment of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the anti-corrosion sleeve assembly of FIG. 1;
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of the fracturing jacket of Figure 1;
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the fracturing jacket of Figure 1;
  • Figure 9 is a perspective view of the cemented carbide sleeve of Figure 1;
  • Figure 10 is a plan view of the ball seat assembly of Figure 1;
  • Figure 11 is a perspective view of the ball seat assembly of Figure 1;
  • Figure 12 is a partial enlarged view of the C segment of Figure 1;
  • Figure 13 is a perspective view of the inner sleeve and the positioning mechanism of Figure 1;
  • Figure 14 is a perspective view of the positioning sleeve of Figure 13;
  • Figure 15 is a partial enlarged view of the D segment of Figure 1;
  • Figure 16 is a developed perspective view of the guide groove of Figure 13;
  • FIG. 17 is a view showing a state of the ball-sliding type fracturing device when the positioning portion is located at the initial position, the depressurization position, and the second decompression position;
  • FIG. 18 is a view showing a state of the ball-sliding fracturing device when the positioning portion is located at the fracture position and the secondary fracture position;
  • FIG. 19 is a view showing a state of the ball-sliding type fracturing device when the positioning portion is located at the fracturing ball releasing position;
  • FIG. 20 shows that when the positioning portion is located at the sliding sleeve opening position, the ball is slippery State diagram of a nested fracturing device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a pitching sliding type fracturing device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the pitching sliding fracturing device is further divided into eight segments, eight, B, C and D, for further description. See FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 7 and FIG. 13.
  • the fracturing device comprises an inner sleeve 1, a outer sleeve 2, an upper joint 3, a lower joint 4, a fracturing ball 5, a ball seat assembly 6 and a spring 9, respectively, and the inner sleeve 1 and the outer sleeve 2 are respectively provided with a fracturing fluid
  • the fracturing window flows out to perform fracturing, and the inner sleeve 1 slides in the axial direction to open or close the fracturing window.
  • the inner sleeve 1 includes a fracturing inner sleeve 11, a control inner sleeve 12 and a spring protective sleeve 13.
  • the outer sleeve 2 includes a joint mounting jacket 21, a fracturing jacket 22, a control outer sleeve 23 and a spring. Jacket 24.
  • the inner sleeve 1 and the outer sleeve 2 are divided into a plurality of components of the detachable connection, which facilitate transportation and transportation to the construction site.
  • One end of the joint mounting jacket 21 is inserted and fixed with an upper joint 3, and the other end thereof is inserted into the end of the fracturing casing 22; one end of the fracturing jacket 22 is sleeved outside the joint mounting jacket 21, and the other end thereof is The end of the outer sleeve 23 is controlled to be inserted; one end of the outer sleeve 23 is sleeved on the outside of the fracturing casing 22, and the other end is inserted into the end of the spring casing 24; one end of the spring casing 24 is sleeved on the outer shaft of the control
  • the outer portion of the sleeve 23 is provided with a lower joint 4 at the other end.
  • the upper joint 3, the lower joint 4, the mounting outer sleeve 21, the fracturing outer sleeve 22, the outer outer sleeve 23 and the spring outer sleeve 24 are detachably connected by a common thread structure or the like.
  • the fracturing inner sleeve 11 passes through the fracturing jacket 22, and one end thereof extends into the joint mounting jacket 21, and the other end thereof extends into the outer sleeve 23; and one end of the inner sleeve 12 is controlled to extend to the control
  • the outer sleeve 23 abuts against the fracturing inner sleeve 11, and the other end of the outer sleeve 23 extends into the spring outer sleeve 24 and abuts against the spring protection sleeve 13; one end of the spring protection sleeve 13 abuts the control inner sleeve 12, The other end is the free end.
  • the fracturing inner sleeve 11 is provided with a plurality of first fracturing windows 111 in the circumferential direction
  • the fracturing outer casing 22 is provided with a plurality of second fracturing windows 221 in the circumferential direction, and is driven by high-pressure fracturing fluid.
  • the first fracturing window 111 coincides with the second fracturing window 221 to open the fracturing window.
  • the specific shapes of the first fracturing window 111 and the second fracturing window 221 are not limited herein, and are preferably in the shape of a waist in the present embodiment.
  • the upper joint 3 is used to connect the casing at the construction site to provide a high pressure fracturing fluid, and the upper joint 3 has an upper joint through hole 301.
  • the lower joint 4 is also used to connect to the sleeve and has a lower joint through hole 401 into which the free end of the spring protector 13 extends.
  • the upper joint 3 faces upward and the lower joint 4 faces downward in the naked eye, so that the portion near the upper joint 3 is referred to as the top, and the lower joint 4 is adjacent.
  • the part is the bottom.
  • the pitching sleeve type fracturing device further includes a split type shear ring assembly 14 for holding the inner sleeve 1 at the initial position a before starting the fracturing to avoid internal Set 1 moves to the bottom under the force of gravity
  • the split structure of the shear ring assembly 14 is for the convenience of later installation, including three shear rings 141 and retaining rings 142 having an L-shaped cross section, each shear ring 141 and block.
  • the ring 142 is interposed between the inner sleeve 1 and the outer sleeve 2, preferably between the connecting end of the upper joint 3 and the fracturing inner sleeve 11 and the joint mounting outer sleeve 21, but is not limited thereto.
  • each of the shear rings 141 includes fixing portions 141a that are perpendicularly and fixedly connected to each other.
  • the shearing portion 14 215, the three-section shear ring 141 is spliced into a complete ring shape surrounding the inner sleeve 1.
  • the shear ring assembly 14 is not limited to including the three-section shear ring 141 in the present application, but may also be surrounded by two, four or more shear rings 141, specifically The number is not specifically limited herein as long as it can be ensured that all the shear rings 141 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the inner casing 1, and the inner casing 1 can be collectively held at the initial position a before the start of the fracturing.
  • the joint mounting jacket 21 has an inner diameter at a position where the shear ring 141 is attached to form a recess for accommodating the fixing portion 141a on the inner wall surface thereof.
  • the fracturing inner sleeve 11 is provided with an annular shear groove 112 for receiving the shearing portion 141b.
  • the shear ring 141 is used to maintain the inner sleeve 1 at the initial position a. To shear the shear ring 141, a certain pressure value needs to be obtained, and the moment of shearing can be seen from the pressure fluctuation above the pressure gauge. Therefore, the ground construction can be In order to judge whether the shear ring 141 is cut or not, and as a reference for whether the fracturing device in the present application is opened or not
  • a cement plug also referred to as a cementing plug
  • the cement plug may have the application due to the pressure being lifted through the tee.
  • the fracturing device in the middle is mistakenly smashed, and therefore, the shear ring 141 can also cause the fracturing device to be in an initial closed state during the cementing process.
  • the pitching sleeve fracturing device further includes an anti-corrosion sleeve assembly 7 installed between the inner sleeve 1 and the outer sleeve 2 for preventing the first fracturing window 111 and the second fracturing
  • the window 221 is broken or corroded under the action of the high pressure of the fracturing fluid, and is also used to prevent the fracturing fluid from overflowing along the gap between the inner casing 1 and the outer casing 2 to cause a pressure drop.
  • the erosion resistant sleeve assembly 7 is mounted to the fracturing inner sleeve 21 and the fracturing jacket 22
  • the erosion sleeve assembly 7 specifically includes a cemented carbide sleeve 71 and two sets of seal assemblies 72.
  • the material of the cemented carbide sleeve 71 itself has an erosion-resistant property, and during the fracturing process, a large amount of fracturing fluid and fracturing sand are pumped, which will cause some erosion of the fracture groove.
  • the cemented carbide sleeve 71 is provided in order to prevent it from being eroded.
  • the cemented carbide sleeve 71 is provided with a third fracturing window 711 and fixed to the inner wall surface of the fracturing casing 22 by a threaded structure, so that the third fracturing window 711 coincides with the second fracturing window 221
  • the first mounting through hole 222 is provided on the upper portion of the fracturing outer casing 22 through which the screw member or the fastening pin passes, and the second mounting hole is correspondingly formed on the hard alloy sleeve 71.
  • the third fracturing window 711 is preferably a waisted through hole that mates with the second fracturing window 221.
  • Two sets of sealing assemblies 72 are symmetrically disposed at both ends of the cemented carbide sleeve 71 to function as a seal to avoid pressure drop caused by leakage of the fracturing fluid.
  • Each set of sealing assemblies includes a 0-ring 721 having a circular cross section, a 0-ring gasket 722, a V-ring 723 having a concave arc in cross section, a V-sealing packing 724, a sealing back ring 725, and a sealing ring. 726.
  • Each set of sealing components 72 is arranged one by one according to the position in Fig. 4 to achieve the best sealing effect, and will not be described herein.
  • the O-ring 721 is used for sealing, and the O-ring gasket 722 is used to protect the 0-ring 721 during the pressing process; the 0-ring 721 is deformed by the pressure, and 0
  • sealing pad 722 prevents its damage during extrusion by defining its deformation.
  • the V-shaped sealing packing 724 functions as a further seal, and the V-shaped sealing ring 723 is used to protect the V-shaped seal
  • the packing 724 and the 0-type sealing ring 721 prevent the sealing packing 724 and the O-ring 721 from being damaged by being squeezed during the fracturing process or the movement of the inner sleeve 1 back and forth.
  • a sealing back ring 725 and a sealing collar 726 partially encased in the inner wall of the fracturing outer casing 22 are also used to secure the V-shaped sealing packing 724 and the 0-ring 721
  • the ball seat assembly 6 includes a plurality of ball seat brackets 61 that are separated from each other, and the ball seat brackets 61 are split and form a hollow annular seat.
  • Each of the ball brackets 61 includes a limiting plate 611 and a receiving portion 612 that are connected to each other.
  • the limiting plate 611 and the receiving portion 612 are integrally formed.
  • the limiting plate 611 is disposed between the inner sleeve 1 and the outer sleeve 2, and the receiving portion 612 passes through the inner sleeve 1 and protrudes from the inner wall surface of the inner sleeve 1.
  • the limiting plate 611 is preferably interposed between the fracturing inner sleeve 11 and the outer control sleeve 23 and abuts against the inner wall surface of the fracturing outer casing 22; the receiving portion 612 passes through the fracturing portion.
  • the ball seat supporting the through hole 113 of the sleeve 11 is extended from the inner wall surface of the fracturing inner casing 11 to carry the fracturing ball 5.
  • the one side edge of the receiving portion 612 away from the limiting plate 611 is provided with an inclined surface 613, and the inclined surfaces 613 of the plurality of separated spherical seat brackets 61 are enclosed to form radially outwards.
  • the annular slope which is gradually inclined toward the middle of the ball holder 61 prevents the fracturing ball 5 from shaking.
  • the adjacent ball seat brackets 61 in the split-shaped ball seat assembly 6 are not connected.
  • the fracturing ball 5 falls on the ball seat assembly 6, thereby blocking the ball seat.
  • the tube string above assembly 6 forms a seal to maintain the pressure of the subsequent pressurized fluid.
  • the gap between the two adjacent ball seat brackets 61 is small, a small amount of pressurized fluid flows out therefrom, but this leakage is negligible compared to the large displacement pump truck used in the oil field field, because the pump The displacement of the car into the liquid is very large. Therefore, by default, when the fracturing ball 5 falls on the ball seat assembly 6
  • a seal is formed on the upper side, and the fracturing fluid cannot pass, thereby generating pressure to push the inner sleeve 1 connected to the ball seat assembly 6 as a whole.
  • a fracturing ball releasing groove 231 is further disposed on the inner side surface of the outer casing 2, and in this embodiment, the pressure is applied.
  • the split ball release groove 231 is disposed inside the outer sleeve 23, and the crush ball 5 is placed on the ball seat assembly 6; pressed on the ground, filled with the fracturing fluid, and further pressed the fracturing ball 5
  • the fracturing ball 5 blocks the through hole surrounded by the ball seat assembly 6, and functions to seal the fracturing fluid.
  • the pressure of the fracturing fluid gradually increases, and the fracturing ball 5 and the ball seat assembly 6 form a sealed piston structure, and under the pressure of the fracturing fluid, the entire inner sleeve 1 is driven to slide.
  • the ball-sliding fracturing device of the present invention further includes a fixing mechanism 15 between the inner sleeve 1 and the outer sleeve 2, the fixing mechanism 15 including a fixing ring 151 and a fixing ring receiving groove 152. And a retaining ring release groove 153.
  • the fixing ring 151 is preferably provided as a C-shaped half ring having a slit, and the side of the semi-ring structure is provided with a slit so as to be deformed under pressure by an external force.
  • the fixing ring receiving groove 152 is circumferentially opened on the outer wall surface of the fracturing inner sleeve 15 for accommodating the compressed fixing ring 151;
  • the fixing ring release groove 153 is opened on the inner wall surface of the outer sleeve 23.
  • the fixing ring 151 is composed of two half rings, and is also convenient for assembly, and can also be divided into more arc segments, which is not specifically limited herein.
  • the ball-sliding fracturing device of the present invention further includes a positioning mechanism 8 disposed between the inner sleeve 1 and the outer sleeve 2, which is preferably disposed in the spring jacket 24 in this embodiment. And the space enclosed between the inner sleeve 12 is controlled.
  • the positioning mechanism 8 includes a guiding groove 801 formed on the outer wall surface of the inner sleeve 12 and a positioning sleeve 802 sleeved between the inner sleeve 12 and the spring casing 24.
  • the shape of the guiding groove 801 and the inner sleeve 1 The preset moving paths are matched, and the positioning portion 803 extending into the guiding groove 801 is disposed on the inner side of the positioning sleeve 802.
  • the positioning portion 803 moves along the side wall of the guiding groove S01 to ensure that the inner sleeve 1 moves along a predetermined path.
  • the positioning portion 803 is preferably a circular protrusion, and may also be a cylindrical pin or the like to achieve a smooth guiding.
  • the outer wall surface of the positioning sleeve 802 is provided with a recess for fixed connection with the spring casing 24. 804.
  • the ball-sliding fracturing device of the present invention further includes a return spring 9 sleeved in the spring casing 24, the return spring 9 having one end fixed, the other end and the spring protective sleeve 13 Ends abut
  • the inner sleeve 1 pushes the sealing piston formed by the fracturing ball 5 and the ball seat assembly 6 under the action of the high pressure of the fracturing fluid, thereby pushing the entire inner sleeve 1 along the predetermined path defined by the positioning mechanism 8.
  • the return spring 9 is compressed and the fracturing window is opened, and the fracturing fluid is subjected to fracturing through the fracturing window.
  • the return spring 9 is reset, and the inner sleeve 1 is reversely urged to move along the predetermined path defined by the positioning mechanism 8.
  • the spring protection sleeve 13 disposed in the inner sleeve 1 can protect the return spring 9 from impurities such as fracturing sand from entering the inner sleeve 12 and the return spring 9 to avoid hindering the reset of the return spring 9. And compression process.
  • FIG. 16 shows a shape in which the guide groove 801 opened on the outer wall surface of the inner sleeve 12 is circumferentially deployed.
  • the guide groove 801 has a plurality of axial extensions along the inner sleeve 1 and is controlled along the guide.
  • the circumferential position of the inner sleeve 12 is sequentially set to the following positions:
  • the positioning portion S03 is located at the initial position a, and the first fracturing window 111 is offset from the second fracturing window 221 and the third fracturing window 711, so that the fracturing window is closed, specifically See Figure 17.
  • the fracture position b is located at one end of the guide groove 801 away from the initial position a.
  • the positioning portion 803 is located at the fracturing position b, the return spring 9 is compressed, and the first fracturing window 111, the second fracturing window 221, and the third fracturing window 711 are coincident, so that the fracturing window is opened to perform fracturing, specifically See Figure 18.
  • the pressure relief position c is located at the bottom end of the guide groove 801.
  • the reset spring 9 is reset, and the fracturing window is closed to suspend the fracturing, as shown in Fig. 17.
  • the secondary fracture position d is located at one end of the guide groove 801 away from the initial position a, when the positioning portion 803 is located At the secondary fracture position d ⁇ , the return spring 9 is compressed, and the fracture window is opened to perform the fracture again, see FIG. 18 for details.
  • the second pressure-removing position e is located at the bottom end of the guiding groove 801.
  • the return spring 9 is reset, and the fracturing window is closed again to suspend the fracturing, as shown in FIG. 17 .
  • the fracturing ball release position f is located at one end of the guide groove 801 away from the initial position a.
  • the return spring 9 is further compressed, the ball seat assembly 6 is moved to the fracturing ball releasing groove 231, and the inner diameter of the ball seat assembly 6 becomes large, and the fracturing ball 5 Drop through the ball seat assembly 6 to the next length of the ball slide sleeve fracturing device, see Figure 19 for details.
  • the automatic reset position g is located at the bottom end of the guide groove 801.
  • the return spring 9 is reset and the fracturing window is closed.
  • the pitching slip-type fracturing device is similar to the state in Figure 17, except that the fracturing ball 5 has been released.
  • the secondary fracture position d and the second pressure relief position e are added, and the operation of the repeated fracture is repeated to avoid the completion of the fracture, positioning.
  • the portion 803 has moved to the fracturing ball release position f, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of insufficient fracturing.
  • the secondary fracturing position d and the second decompression position e are sufficient to provide a sufficient time for the fracturing process to ensure the quality of the fracturing.
  • the guide groove 801 further includes an adjustment position and a sleeve opening position h which are sequentially disposed between the automatic reset position g and the initial position a in the circumferential direction of the inner sleeve 1.
  • the first adjustment position j1 is located on the guiding groove 801 away from the initial position; One end.
  • the positioning portion 803 is at the first adjustment position j l , the return spring 9 is compressed, and the device is close to the state shown in Fig. 18.
  • the second adjustment position j2 is located at the bottom end of the guide groove 801.
  • the return spring 9 is reset, and the device is close to the state shown in FIG. [0107]
  • the positioning unit 803 is located at the third adjustment position j3
  • the state of the device is similar to the state of the device when the positioning portion 803 is located at the first adjustment position j, and the state of the device when the positioning portion 803 is located at the fourth adjustment position j4.
  • the state of the device is similar to that of the positioning portion 803 at the second adjustment position j2, and details are not described herein again.
  • the setting of the above-mentioned adjustment position is advantageous for the construction personnel on the ground to determine the position and state of the switch tool and the device according to the rule that the inner sleeve 1 sequentially performs lifting, lowering, lifting and lowering according to the adjusted position. .
  • the sliding sleeve opening position h is located above the fracturing ball releasing position f of the guiding groove 801.
  • the positioning portion 803 is located at the sliding sleeve opening position h, the fracturing window is opened and the inner sleeve 1 and the outer sleeve 2 pass through the fixing mechanism 15
  • the fixed connection is such that the pitching sleeve type fracturing device is maintained in the state shown in FIG.
  • the return spring 9 is compressed to the maximum extent, and the fracturing window is opened.
  • the pitching sliding fracturing device can be segmented and installed in conjunction with a packer (not shown):
  • a packer (not shown) is lowered into the naked eye (not shown) or a casing (not shown) to block the naked eye or between the casing and the production pipe.
  • the ring interval Then, the ball is circulated, the ball is closed, and the tubing is pressurized to set the packer, that is, the pump is pumped into the ball seat by pumping high pressure liquid.
  • the ball is not the fracturing ball 5 mentioned above, but a ball smaller than the fracturing ball 5.
  • the ball seat mentioned here is not the split-type ball seat assembly 6 mentioned above, but An existing tee at the end of the entire string; when the ball reaches the existing tee, it closes the entire tubing, thereby
  • the packer can be pressed, and it can be said that the ball is used to set up the packer. Finally, the ball-sliding fracturing device is installed, and the fracturing sleeve is now in a state in which the fracturing window shown in Fig. 17 is closed, and the positioning portion 803 is at the initial position a.
  • the pitching sleeve fracturing device can also be connected to a casing (not shown) to lower the well and cement the well:
  • the pitching sliding type fracturing device is connected to the casing to the lower well; then, the pressure is applied to the cementing. Thereafter, the fracturing sleeve is now in a state in which the fracturing window shown in Fig. 17 is closed, and the positioning portion S03 is at the initial position.
  • the upper joint 3 is connected to the external pipe to continuously drive the fracturing fluid, and the high pressure generated by the fracturing fluid acts on the fracturing ball 5 and the ball seat assembly 6. Since the fracturing ball 5 is in close contact with the ball seat assembly 6 to form a seal, the high pressure of the fracturing fluid pushes the inner sleeve 1 down as a whole, compressing the return spring 9.
  • the shear ring 141 is used to prevent the inner sleeve 1 from slipping.
  • the shear ring 141 When the thrust generated by the fracturing fluid is higher than the shear strength of the shear ring 141, the shear ring 141 is sheared, that is, the fixing portion 141a and the shearing portion 141b are separated, and at this time, the entire inner casing 1 starts to be guided.
  • the guide of the groove 801 slides downward.
  • the elastic restoring force moves upward, and the positioning portion 803 automatically moves to the second pressure-removing position ⁇
  • the fracturing ball 5 is sequentially dropped into the pitching sliding fracturing device of the second stage, the third stage to the last stage. Since the upper throwing sleeve type fracturing device is closed because the pressure ball 5 is released, the above operations 1) to 7) can be repeated for each stage of the sliding sleeve type fracturing device until the entire fracturing process is completed. .
  • the opening key of the switch tool will bounce and expand, and the switch tool will be automatically locked to the inner sleeve 1, and then the upper sleeve 1 can be slid by lifting or lowering the switch tool.
  • the positioning portion 803 is located at the automatic reset position g after the end of the fracturing process
  • the positioning portion 803 can be pressurized to move to the sleeve opening position h at the top end of the guide groove 801. Thereafter, the retaining ring 151 is bounced and snapped into the retaining ring release groove 153 to lock the pitching sleeve fracturing device in a permanent slamming state.

Abstract

一种球座组件及投球滑套式压裂装置。投球滑套式压裂装置包括内套(1)、外套(2)、压裂球(5)和球座组件(6);内套(1)可滑动地套设在外套(2)内,内套和外套上分别开设有压裂窗口,内套滑动以开启或关闭压裂窗口;外套(2)的内侧面上开设有压裂球释放凹槽(231),压裂球(5)被投置于球座组件(6)上;当球座组件移动至压裂球释放凹槽处时,压裂球在外力作用下产生下推力,推动多个球座支架(61)沿径向向外移动,使得压裂球穿过球座组件掉落至下一段投球滑套式压裂装置中。该装置能实现仅投一个球即可压裂无限层段的目的,且能降低施工成本,增大单井产量,解决现有技术中所使用的压裂滑套的极差限制的缺陷及剪切销钉被剪断后影响内套滑动的缺陷。

Description

发明名称:球座组件及投球滑套式压裂装置
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及油气完井设备领域, 尤其涉及一种球座组件及投球滑套式压裂装置 背景技术
[0002] 现有技术中针对页岩气藏改造、 低渗透率储层改造的施工工艺, 通常采用电缆 传输射孔枪配合复合桥塞、 或封隔器配合压裂滑套、 或连续油管带底封拖动技 术来实现, 但这些现有的施工工艺都具有一定的局限性。
[0003] 在采用电缆射孔配合复合桥塞的施工方式时, 射孔费用较高, 且射孔可能对地 层造成伤害; 泵送桥塞需要大量的水; 钻除费用较高, 钻除时间较长。 而且, 作业一段距离后, 需要起出电缆换桥塞及射孔弹, 施工的周期相当长; 施工过 程中还需要动用电缆车。 此外, 射孔弹、 坐封工具及火药的审批、 运输都很困 难, 会影响施工效率。
[0004] 在釆用封隔器配合压裂滑套的施工方式时, 作业时需要停泵投球、 送球, 作业 完成后还需要钻除球座或打捞球座; 由于压裂滑套自身的结构原因, 分段分层 级数受到限制。 此外, 球座的钻磨质量将直接影响后续重复改造的难易程度。
[0005] 在采用连续油管带底封拖动技术吋, 射孔费用较高、 可能会对连续油管造成伤 害; 受到连续油管长度上的限制, 且连续油管车的费用也较高。 此外, 该施工 方式还会面临有砂卡的风险。
技术问题
[0006] 在釆用连续油管带底封拖动技术吋, 射孔费用较高、 可能会对连续油管造成伤 害; 受到连续油管长度上的限制, 且连续油管车的费用也较高。 此外, 该施工 方式还会面临有砂卡的风险。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0007] 提供一种球座组件及投球滑套式压裂装置, 能实现仅投一个球即可压裂无限层 段的目的, 且能降低施工成本, 增大单井产量, 解决现有技术中所使用的压裂 滑套的极差限制的缺陷及剪切销钉被剪断后影响内套滑动的缺陷。
[0008] 为解决上述技术问题, 本发明提供了一种球座组件, 用于投球滑套式压裂装置 , 包括多个相互分离的球座支架, 所述多个球座支架围合为一中空的环形座体 ; 每一所述球座支架包括相互连接的限位板和承托部, 所述限位板卡设在所述 投球滑套式压裂装置的内套与外套之间, 所述承托部穿过所述内套并从所述内 套的内壁面上伸出。
[0009] 本发明还提供了一种投球滑套式压裂装置, 包括内套、 外套、 压裂球和如前所 述的球座组件; 所述内套可滑动的套设在所述外套的内部, 所述内套和所述外 套上分别开设有供压裂液流出以实施压裂的压裂窗口, 所述内套沿轴向滑动以 开启或关闭所述压裂窗口; 所述外套的内侧面上开设有压裂球释放凹槽, 所述 压裂球被投置于所述球座组件上; 当所述球座组件移动至所述压裂球释放凹槽 处时, 所述压裂球在外力作用下产生下推力, 推动所述多个球座支架沿径向向 外移动, 使得所述球座组件的内径变大, 所述压裂球穿过所述球座组件掉落至 下一段投球滑套式压裂装置中。
[0010] 在本发明的一具体实施例中, 投球滑套式压裂装置还包括设置在所述内套与所 述外套之间的定位机构, 所述定位机构包括开设在所述内套外壁面上的导向槽 和套设在所述内套与所述外套之间的定位套, 所述导向槽的形状与所述内套的 预设移动路径相匹配, 所述定位套的内侧上设置有延伸至所述导向槽内的定位 部; 所述内套在外力作用下相对于所述外套滑动, 所述定位部沿所述导向槽的 侧壁移动, 以控制所述内套沿预设路径移动。
[0011] 在本实施例中, 投球滑套式压裂装置还包括套设在所述外套内的复位弹簧, 所 述复位弹簧的一端固定, 其另一端与所述内套的端部相抵接; 所述内套在外力 作用下沿所述定位机构所限定的预设路径向下移动, 压缩所述复位弹簧并使所 述压裂窗口开启以实施压裂; 当停止压裂并释放压力后, 所述复位弹簧复位, 反向推动所述内套沿所述定位机构所限定的预设路径移动。
[0012] 在本实施例中, 所述导向槽具有多个沿所述内套的轴向延伸并沿所述内套的周 向依次设置的下列位置: [0013] 初始位置, 位于所述导向槽的底端, 所述投球滑套式压裂装置安装完成时, 所 述定位部位于所述初始位置, 所述压裂窗口处于关闭状态;
[0014] 压裂位置, 位于所述导向槽上远离所述初始位置的一端, 当所述定位部位于所 述压裂位置时, 所述压裂窗口开启以实施压裂;
[0015] 撤压位置, 位于所述导向槽的底端, 当所述定位部位于所述撤压位置吋, 所述 压裂窗口关闭以暂停压裂;
[0016] 压裂球释放位置, 位于所述导向槽上远离所述初始位置的一端, 当所述定位部 位于所述压裂球释放位置时, 所述球座组件移动至所述压裂球释放 槽处, 所 述球座组件的内径变大, 所述压裂球穿过所述球座组件掉落至下一段投球滑套 式压裂装置中;
[0017] 自动复位位置, 位于所述导向槽的底端, 当所述定位部位于所述自动复位位置 吋, 所述压裂窗口关闭, 本段所述投球滑套式压裂装置的压裂过程完成。
[0018] 优选的, 所述导向槽还包括沿所述内套的周向依次设置在所述撤压位置与所述 压裂球释放位置之间的二次压裂位置和二次撤压位置; 所述二次压裂位置, 位 于所述导向槽上远离所述初始位置的一端, 当所述定位部位于所述二次压裂位 置时, 所述压裂窗口开启以再次实施压裂; 所述二次撤压位置, 位于所述导向 槽的底端, 当所述定位部位于所述二次撤压位置吋, 所述压裂窗口再次关闭以 暂停压裂。
[0019] 在本实施例中, 所述导向槽还包括沿所述内套的周向依次设置在所述自动复位 位置与所述初始位置之间的调整位置和滑套开启位置; 所述调整位置, 用于通 过所述内套的移动路径来判断其所处的位置; 所述滑套开启位置, 位于所述导 向槽上所述压裂球释放位置的上方, 当所述定位部位于所述滑套开启位置吋, 所述压裂窗口开启且所述内套与所述外套通过固定机构固定连接。
[0020] 在本实施例中, 投球滑套式压裂装置还包括位于所述内套与所述外套之间的固 定机构; 所述固定机构包括固定环、 固定环容纳槽和固定环释放槽; 所述固定 环以压缩状态卡设在所述内套与所述外套之间; 所述固定环容纳槽开设在所述 内套上, 用于容纳压缩后的所述固定环; 所述固定环释放槽开设在所述外套上 , 当所述固定环容纳槽移动至与所述固定环释放槽连通吋, 所述固定环弹性膨 胀至卡入所述固定环释放槽内, 使所述内套停止滑动并与所述外套固定连接。
[0021] 在本实施例中, 投球滑套式压裂装置还包括分片式的剪切环组件, 所述剪切环 组件包括横截面为 L形的剪切环, 所述剪切环卡设在所述内套与所述外套之间, 包括相互垂直且固定连接的固定部和剪切部; 所述内套与所述外套之间形成有 用于夹紧固定所述固定部的空间; 所述内套上开设有用于容纳所述剪切部的剪 切凹槽。
[0022] 在本实施例中, 所述内套沿周向幵设有多个第一压裂窗口, 所述外套沿周向开 设有多个第二压裂窗口, 滑动所述内套, 使所述第一压裂窗口与所述第二压裂 窗口重合以开启所述压裂窗口; 所述内套与所述外套之间设置有防蚀套组件, 所述防蚀套组件具有第三压裂窗口并固定在所述外套的内侧, 使所述第三压裂 窗口与所述第二压裂窗口重合。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0023] 实施本发明所提供的球座组件及投球滑套式压裂装置, 具有以下有益效果: [0024] (1) 球座组件为由多个分离的球座支架组成的分瓣式机构, 在预设状态下张 幵以释放压裂球 5, 落入下一段投球滑套式压裂装置中, 实现仅投一个球而可压 裂无限层段的目的。 此外, 不需要复杂的投球器、 接球器, 且可节约大量的泵 送液, 降低施工成本。
[0025] (2) 该投球滑套式压裂装置内部为大通径, 所有球座组件的尺寸相同, 在后 期需要重复压裂时, 不需要钻除任何零部件即可下入配套的重复压裂管串进行 多次重复压裂, 极大的增大了单井产量, 降低了施工成本。
[0026] (3) 内套在定位机构的导向作用下按预设路径滑动, 实现投球滑套式压裂装 置的开启、 关闭、 释放压裂球和锁定内滑套等动作, 提高了自动化程度, 大大 缩短了施工周期。
[0027] (4) 压裂窗口设置有防蚀套组件, 防止压裂窗口在压裂液的流体高压冲蚀下 出现破损或腐蚀, 也可防止压裂液溢出而导致压力下降。
[0028] (5) 本发明中的剪切环能解决现有技术中所使用的常规的剪切销钉被剪断后 影响内套滑动的缺陷。 [0029] (6) 弹簧保护套可以在固井和压裂过程中, 用于防止因为杂质进入弹簧内而 导致的该投球滑套式压裂装置的运行受到影响。
[0030] (7) 无级差限制, 即可以在井内使用无限多个滑套, 实现无限级压裂, 以最 大程度的提高产量; 而且, 在压裂过程中不需要电缆作业车或连续油管车, 也 避免了因射孔而造成的对地面的伤害, 大大降低了施工成本。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0031] 下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明, 附图中:
[0032] 图 1是本发明一具体实施例中的投球滑套式压裂装置的结构示意图;
[0033] 图 2是图 1中 A段的局部放大示意图;
[0034] 图 3是图 2中剪切环的结构示意图;
[0035] 图 4是图 2中剪切环的截面图;
[0036] 图 5是图 1中 B段的局部放大示意图;
[0037] 图 6是图 1中防蚀套组件的结构示意图;
[0038] 图 7是图 1中压裂外套的立体图;
[0039] 图 8是图 1中压裂外套的剖视图;
[0040] 图 9是图 1中硬质合金套的立体图;
[0041] 图 10是图 1中球座组件的俯视图;
[0042] 图 11是图 1中球座组件的立体图;
[0043] 图 12是图 1中 C段的局部放大示意图;
[0044] 图 13是图 1中控制内轴套和定位机构的立体图;
[0045] 图 14是图 13中定位套的立体图;
[0046] 图 15是图 1中 D段的局部放大示意图;
[0047] 图 16是图 13中的导向槽的展开示意图;
[0048] 图 17示出了当定位部位于初始位置、 撤压位置和二次撤压位置时, 投球滑套式 压裂装置的状态图;
[0049] 图 18示出了当定位部位于压裂位置和二次压裂位置时, 投球滑套式压裂装置的 状态图; [0050] 图 19示出了当定位部位于压裂球释放位置时, 投球滑套式压裂装置的状态图; [0051] 图 20示出了当定位部位于滑套开启位置吋, 投球滑套式压裂装置的状态图。
实施该发明的最佳实施例
本发明的最佳实施方式
[0052] 为了使本发明的目的、 技术方案以及优点更加清楚明白, 以下结合附图和实施 例, 对本发明进行进一步详细说明。 应当理解的是, 此处所描述的具体实施例 仅用于解释本发明, 并不用于限定本发明。
[0053] 图 1示出了本发明一具体实施例中的投球滑套式压裂装置的结构示意图。 为了 更清楚的示出该投球滑套式压裂装置的细节, 将其沿轴向分为八、 B、 C和 D四 段进行进一步的描述, 具体参见图 2、 图 3、 图 7和图 13。
[0054] 该压裂装置包括内套 1、 外套 2、 上接头 3、 下接头 4、 压裂球 5、 球座组件 6和弹 簧 9, 内套 1和外套 2上分别开设有供压裂液流出以实施压裂的压裂窗口, 内套 1 沿轴向滑动以开启或关闭所述压裂窗口。
[0055] 如图 1所示, 内套 1包括压裂内套 11、 控制内轴套 12和弹簧保护套 13, 外套 2 包括接头安装外套 21、 压裂外套 22、 控制外轴套 23和弹簧外套 24。 将内套 1和 外套 2拆分为可拆卸连接的多个组成部分, 有利于运输和搬运至施工现场。
[0056] 接头安装外套 21的一端插设固定有上接头 3, 其另一端与压裂外套 22的端部插 接; 压裂外套 22的一端套在接头安装外套 21的外部, 其另一端与控制外轴套 23 的端部插接; 控制外轴套 23的一端套在压裂外套 22的外部, 其另一端与弹簧外 套 24的端部插接; 弹簧外套 24的一端套在控制外轴套 23的外部, 其另一端插设 有下接头 4。 上接头 3、 下接头 4、 安装外套 21、 压裂外套 22、 控制外轴套 23和弹 簧外套 24之间分别通过常见的螺纹结构等方式可拆卸的连接。
[0057] 压裂内套 11穿过所述压裂外套 22, 且其一端伸至接头安装外套 21中, 其另一 端伸至控制外轴套 23内; 控制内轴套 12的一端伸至控制外轴套 23内并与压裂内 套 11相互抵接, 其另一端伸至弹簧外套 24内并与弹簧保护套 13相互抵接; 弹簧 保护套 13的一端与控制内轴套 12抵接, 其另一端为自由端。
[0058] 其中, 压裂内套 11沿周向开设有多个第一压裂窗口 111 , 压裂外套 22沿周向开 设有多个第二压裂窗 221, 通入高压的压裂液推动内套 1相对于外套 2滑动时, 使 第一压裂窗口 111与第二压裂窗口 221重合以开启压裂窗口。 可以理解的是, 第 一压裂窗口 111和第二压裂窗 221的具体形状在此不作限定, 优选为本实施例中 的腰形。
[0059] 上接头 3用于在施工现场连接套管以提供高压的压裂液, 上接头 3具有上接头 通孔 301。
[0060] 下接头 4也用于与套管相连并具有下接头通孔 401,弹簧保护套 13的自由端伸至 下接头通孔 401内。
[0061] 在安装本发明中的投球滑套式压裂装置时, 上接头 3朝上, 下接头 4朝下的置 于裸眼内, 故称靠近上接头 3的部位为顶部, 靠近下接头 4的部位为底部。
[0062] 如图 2所示, 该投球滑套式压裂装置还包括分片式的剪切环组件 14 , 用于在开 始压裂前让内套 1保持在初始位置 a处, 以避免内套 1在重力作用下向底部移动
[0063] 结合图 3 , 剪切环组件 14的分片式结构是为了便于后期的安装, 包括三段横截 面为 L形的剪切环 141和挡环 142, 每一剪切环 141和挡环 142均卡设在内套 1与 外套 2之间, 优选卡设在上接头 3和压裂内套 11的连接端与接头安装外套 21之 间, 但不限于此。
[0064] 结合图 4 , 每一剪切环 141包括相互垂直且固定连接的固定部 141a
和剪切部14215, 三段剪切环 141拼接成一个围绕内套 1的完整环形。
[0065] 可以理解的是, 剪切环组件 14不仅仅限于包括本申请中的三段剪切环 141, 还 可以是由两个、 四个或四个以上的剪切环 141围成, 具体数字在此不作具体限定 , 只要能确保所有剪切环 141均匀的分布在内套 1的周向, 且能共同使内套 1在 压裂开始之前保持在初始位置 a即可。
[0066] 接头安装外套 21在安装有剪切环 141的位置内径变大, 以在其内壁面上形成用 于容纳固定部 141a的凹部。 压裂内套 11上开设有用于容纳剪切部 141b的环形的 剪切凹槽 112。 在外力足够大时, 即通入高压的压裂液吋, 内套 1向外套 2的底部 移动, 剪切环 141被剪断, 固定部 141a和剪切部 142b分离。
[0067] 剪切环 141用于使内套 1保持在初始位置 a, 要剪断剪切环 141需要达到一定的 压力值, 剪切的瞬间可以从压力表上面的压力波动看出。 因此, 地面施工吋可 以以此判断剪切环 141是否被剪断, 并作为本申请中的压裂装置是否打开的参考
[0068] 此外, 在投入压裂球 5之前, 会投入水泥胶塞 (也称为固井胶塞) 进行固井, 这个水泥塞有可能会因为在经过球座吋憋起压力而把本申请中的压裂装置误打 幵, 因此, 剪切环 141还可以在固井过程中让压裂装置处于初始关闭状态。
[0069] 如图 5所示, 该投球滑套式压裂装置还包括安装在内套 1与外套 2之间的防蚀套 组件 7 , 用于防止第一压裂窗口 111和第二压裂窗口 221在压裂液的高压作用下 出现破损或腐蚀, 也用于防止压裂液沿内套 1与外套 2之间的缝隙溢出而导致压 力下降。
[0070] 在本实施例中, 该防蚀套组件 7安装在压裂内套 21和压裂外套 22
之间。 结合图 4, 该防蚀套组件 7具体包括硬质合金套 71和两组密封组件 72。
[0071] 硬质合金套 71的材料本身具有耐冲蚀的特质, 在压裂过程中, 会泵入大量的压 裂液和压裂砂, 这些都会对压裂槽口造成一定的冲蚀, 为了防止其受到冲蚀而 设置了该硬质合金套 71。 硬质合金套 71上开设有第三压裂窗口 711并通过螺纹结 构固定在压裂外套 22的内壁面上, 使第三压裂窗口 711与第二压裂窗口 221重合
[0072] 结合图 7、 图 8和图 9, 压裂外套 22上幵设有供螺纹件或紧固销钉通过的第一安 装通孔 222, 硬质合金套 71上对应开设有第二安装通孔 712。 第三压裂窗口 711 优选为与第二压裂窗口 221相匹配的腰形通孔。
[0073] 两组密封组件 72分别对称的设置在硬质合金套 71的两端, 起到密封的作用, 避免因压裂液外泄而导致的压力下降等现象。 每组密封组件分别包括截面为圆 形的 0型密封圈 721、 0型密封圈垫圈 722、 截面具有凹弧的 V型密封圈 723和 V 型密封盘根 724、 密封背环 725和密封挡圈 726。 每组密封组件 72均按图 4中的位 置一一设置以达到最好的密封效果, 在此不再赘述。
[0074] 其中, O型密封圈 721起密封作用, 0型密封圈垫圈 722是用于在打压过程中 保护 0型密封圈 721的; 0型密封圈 721会因为受压而变形, 而 0
型密封圏垫圏 722通过限定其形变而防止其在挤压过程中受到损坏。
[0075] V型密封盘根 724起到进一步密封的作用, V型密封圈 723用于保护 V型密封 盘根 724和 0型密封圈 721, 防止在压裂过程或者内套 1来回移动的过程中, 密 封盘根 724和 O型密封圈 721因受到挤压而损坏。 密封背环 725和部分卡入压裂 外套 22内壁中的密封挡圈 726, 也是用于固定 V型密封盘根 724和 0型密封圈 721
[0076] 由于压裂内套 21与 V型密封盘根 724和 0型密封圈 721均有相对摩擦, 压裂内 套 21的往复运动会使 V型密封盘根 724和 0型密封圈 721也随之移动, 为了避免 这些密封件在移动过程中受到损坏, 需要加入 V型密封圈 723、 密封背环 725和 密封挡圈 726。
[0077] 图 5结合图 10和图 11 , 球座组件 6包括多个相互分离的球座支架 61 , 这些球座 支架 61为分瓣状, 并合围成一中空的环形座体。 每一球座支架 61均包括相互连 接的限位板 611和承托部 612。
[0078] 在本实施例中, 限位板 611和承托部 612为一体成型结构。 限位板 611卡设在内 套 1与外套 2之间, 承托部 612穿过内套 1并从内套 1的内壁面上伸出。 在本实施 例中, 限位板 611优选卡设在压裂内套 11与控制外轴套 23之间, 并抵靠在压裂 外套 22的内壁面上; 承托部 612穿过压裂内套 11上幵设的球座支撑通孔 113并 从压裂内套 11的内壁面上伸出, 以承载压裂球 5。
[0079] 优选的, 承托部 612远离所述限位板 611的一侧边缘设置有倾斜面 613 , 多个相 互分离的球座支架 61的倾斜面 613围合形成沿径向由外而内逐渐向球座支架 61 的中部倾斜的环形斜面, 以防止压裂球 5晃动。
[0080] 分瓣状球座组件 6中的相邻球座支架 61之间是不相连的 , 当投入压裂球 5吋, 压裂球 5落在球座组件 6上, 从而封堵球座组件 6以上的管串, 形成密封, 以保 持后续打入的压力液的压力。 虽然两相邻球座支架 61之间的间隙很小, 会有少 量的压力液从中流出, 但是, 相对于油田现场用的大排量的泵车, 这个泄露量 是可以忽略不计的, 因为泵车打入液体的排量非常大。 所以, 默认当压裂球 5落 在球座组件 6
上时形成密封, 压裂液不能通过, 从而产生压力来推动与球座组件 6 相连的内套 1整体。
[0081] 结合图 12, 外套 2的内侧面上还开设有压裂球释放凹槽 231, 在本实施例中, 压 裂球释放凹槽 231是幵设在控制外轴套 23内侧, 压裂球 5被投置于球座组件 6上 ; 在地面上打压, 充入压裂液, 进一步将压裂球 5压紧在环形球座组件 6上, 压 裂球 5堵住球座组件 6所围成的通孔, 起到密封压裂液的作用。 随着地面上的持 续打压, 压裂液的压力逐渐增大, 压裂球 5和球座组件 6形成密封活塞结构, 在 压裂液的压力作用下, 带动整个内套 1滑动。
[0082] 当球座组件 6移动至压裂球释放凹槽 231处时, 多个球座支架 61在压裂球 5的 重力作用下沿径向向外移动, 直至限位板 611抵在压裂球释放凹槽 231的底部, 使得球座组件 6的内径变大, 压裂球 5穿过球座组件 6掉落至下一段投球滑套式 压裂装置中。
[0083] 图 5结合图 12, 本发明中的投球滑套式压裂装置还包括位于内套 1与外套 2之间 的固定机构 15, 该固定机构 15包括固定环 151、 固定环容纳槽 152和固定环释放 槽 153。
[0084] 其中, 固定环 151优选设置为具有切口的 C型半环, 半环结构的侧边上开设有 切口, 使其在外力下可受压变形。 在安装时, 以压缩状态卡设在压裂内套 15与 外套 2之间; 固定环容纳槽 152沿周向开设在压裂内套 15外壁面上, 用于容纳压 缩后的固定环 151 ; 固定环释放槽 153开设在控制外轴套 23的内壁面上。 可以理 解的是, 固定环 151采用两个半环相对组成, 也是为了装配的便利, 还可以分成 更多段弧形结构, 在此不作具体限定。
[0085] 在内套 1相对于外套 2移动的过程中, 当固定环容纳槽 152移动至与固定环释放 槽 153连通吋, 固定环 151弹性膨胀至卡入固定环释放槽 153内, 使内套 1停止 滑动并与外套 2的控制外轴套 23固定连接。
[0086] 图 12结合图 13和图 14, 本发明中的投球滑套式压裂装置还包括设置在内套 1与 外套 2之间的定位机构 8, 本实施例中优选设置在弹簧外套 24与控制内轴套 12之 间所围成的空间内。
[0087] 定位机构 8包括开设在控制内轴套 12外壁面上的导向槽 801和套设在控制内轴 套12与弹簧外套 24之间的定位套 802, 导向槽 801的形状与内套 1的预设移动路 径相匹配, 定位套 802的内侧上设置有延伸至导向槽 801内的定位部 803。 控制 内轴套 12在外力作用下相对于外套 2 滑动, 进而推动内套 1整体滑动, 定位部 803沿导向槽 S01的侧壁移动, 以确保 内套 1沿预设路径移动。
[0088] 如图 14所示, 定位部 803优选为圆形凸起, 也可以是圆柱销等结构, 以实现平 滑导向; 定位套 802的外壁面上开设有用于与弹簧外套 24固定连接的凹部 804。
[0089] 图 12结合图 15, 本发明中的投球滑套式压裂装置还包括套设在弹簧外套 24内 的复位弹簧 9, 该复位弹簧 9的一端固定, 另一端与弹簧保护套 13的端部相抵接
[0090] 内套 1在压裂液的高压作用下, 推动由压裂球 5和球座组件 6所形成的密封活塞 移动, 进而推动整个内套 1沿定位机构 8所限定的预设路径向下移动, 压缩复位 弹簧 9并使压裂窗口幵启, 压裂液通过压裂窗口实施压裂。 当停止压裂并释放压 裂液的压力后, 复位弹簧 9复位, 反向推动内套 1沿定位机构 8所限定的预设路 径移动。
[0091] 优选的, 内套 1内设置的弹簧保护套 13能保护复位弹簧 9, 以避免压裂砂等杂 质进入控制内轴套 12内和复位弹簧 9间, 从而避免阻碍复位弹簧 9的复位和压缩 进程。
[0092] 结合图 13 , 图 16示出了开设在控制内轴套 12外壁面上的导向槽 801沿周向展开 的形状, 导向槽 801具有多个沿内套 1的轴向延伸并沿控制内轴套 12的周向依次 设置的下列位置:
[0093] 初始位置 a, 位于导向槽 801
的底端。 投球滑套式压裂装置安装完成时, 定位部 S03位于初始位置 a, 第一压 裂窗口 111与第二压裂窗口 221和第三压裂窗口 711错开, 使压裂窗口处于关闭 状态, 具体参见图 17。
[0094] 压裂位置 b, 位于导向槽 801上远离初始位置 a的一端。 当定位部 803位于压裂 位置 b时, 复位弹簧 9被压缩, 第一压裂窗口 111、 第二压裂窗口 221以及第三压 裂窗口 711重合, 使压裂窗口开启以实施压裂, 具体参见图 18。
[0095] 撤压位置 c , 位于导向槽 801的底端。 当定位部 803位于撤压位置 c时, 复位弹 簧 9复位, 压裂窗口关闭以暂停压裂, 具体参见图 17。
[0096] 二次压裂位置 d, 位于导向槽 801上远离初始位置 a的一端, 当定位部 803位于 二次压裂位置 d吋, 复位弹簧 9被压缩, 压裂窗口幵启以再次实施压裂, 具体参 见图 18。
[0097] 二次撤压位置 e , 位于导向槽 801的底端, 当定位部 803位于二次撤压位置 e时 , 复位弹簧 9复位, 压裂窗口再次关闭以暂停压裂, 具体参见图 17。
[0098] 压裂球释放位置 f, 位于导向槽 801上远离初始位置 a的一端。 当定位部 803位 于压裂球释放位置 f时, 复位弹簧 9被更进一步的压缩, 球座组件 6移动至压裂 球释放凹槽 231处, 球座组件 6的内径变大, 压裂球 5穿过球座组件 6掉落至下 一段投球滑套式压裂装置中, 具体参见图 19。
[0099] 自动复位位置 g, 位于导向槽 801的底端, 当定位部 803位于自动复位位置 g时 , 复位弹簧 9复位, 压裂窗口关闭。 此吋, 投球滑套式压裂装置类似于图 17中 的状态, 只是压裂球 5已经被释放掉了。
[0100] 由于通过压力来控制整个内套 1的运动存在一定风险, 故增设了二次压裂位置 d 和二次撤压位置 e , 重复压裂的操作, 以避免还没完成压裂, 定位部 803就已经 移动到压裂球释放位置 f了, 从而避免压裂不充分等现象。 二次压裂位置 d和二 次撤压位置 e是为压裂过程提供充分的吋间, 保证压裂质量。
[0101] 当定位部 803从初始位置移动至自动复位位置 g时, 本段投球滑套式压裂装置 的压裂过程完成。
[0102] 此外, 为了一次性开启所有段中的投球滑套式压裂装置, 需要配合液压开关工 具 (图中未示出) 来代替压裂液, 提供内套 1滑动的动力。
[0103] 导向槽 801上还包括沿内套 1的周向依次设置在自动复位位置 g与初始位置 a之 间的调整位置和滑套开启位置 h。
[0104] 调整位置, 用于通过内套 1的移动路径来判断其所处的位置, 具体包括图中所 示的第一调整位置」1、 第二调整位置 j2、 第三调整位置」3和第四调整位置」 4, 但 在调整位置中移动吋, 压裂球 5已经释放掉了。
[0105] 第一调整位置 jl , 位于导向槽 801上远离初始位置;!的一端。 当定位部 803位于 第一调整位置 j l时, 复位弹簧 9被压缩, 该装置与图 18中所示出的状态接近。
[0106] 第二调整位置 j2, 位于导向槽 801的底端。 当定位部 803位于第二调整位置 j2 吋, 复位弹簧 9复位, 该装置与图 17中所示出的状态接近。 [0107] 定位部 803位于第三调整位置 j3时, 该装置的状态与定位部 803位于第一调整 位置 j时该装置的状态相似, 定位部 803位于第四调整位置 j4时, 该装置的状态 与定位部 803位于第二调整位置 j2吋该装置的状态相似, 在此不再赘述。
[0108] 上述调整位置的设置有利于地面上的施工人员, 根据内套 1按照这个调整位置 依次进行上提、 下降、 上提和下降的规律来判断开关工具和该装置所处的位置 和状态。
[0109] 滑套开启位置 h, 位于导向槽 801上压裂球释放位置 f的上方, 当定位部 803位 于滑套开启位置 h时, 压裂窗口开启且内套 1与外套 2通过固定机构 15固定连接 , 使该投球滑套式压裂装置保持在如图 20所示的状态。 此时, 复位弹簧 9被压 缩的程度最大, 压裂窗口开启。
[0110] 结合图 16至图 20对本发明中的投球滑套式压裂装置的工作原理进行如下具体 说明。
[0111] 该投球滑套式压裂装置可以配合封隔器 (图中未示出) 进行分段安装:
[0112] 首先, 在裸眼 (图中未示出) 或套管 (图中未示出) 中下入封隔器 (图中未示 出) , 以封隔裸眼或套管与采油管之间的环形区间。 然后, 循环投球, 关闭球 座, 油管加压以坐封封隔器, 即通过泵车打入高压液体把球泵送至球座。 这里 的球并不是前文提到的压裂球 5 , 而是一个直径比压裂球 5更小的球, 这里提到 的球座也不是前文提到的分瓣式球座组件 6 , 而是位于整个管串末端的现有的球 座; 当这个球到达这个现有的球座时, 就会封闭整个油管, 从而
[0113] 可以打压封隔器, 可以说这个球是用于坐封封隔器的。 最后, 安装投球滑套式 压裂装置, 压裂滑套此时处于图 17所示出的压裂窗口关闭的状态, 定位部 803 位于初始位置 a。
[0114] 该投球滑套式压裂装置也可以连接套管 (图中未示出) 下井并固井:
[0115] 首先, 将投球滑套式压裂装置连接套管下井; 然后, 循环碰压以固井。 此吋, 压裂滑套此时处于图 17所示出的压裂窗口关闭的状态, 定位部 S03位于初始位 置。
[0116] 在安装好本发明中的投球滑套式压裂装置后, 开始进行压裂过程:
[0117] 1) 从井口投入压裂球 5 , 压裂球 5会掉落在第一个投球滑套式压裂装置中的球 座组件 6上, 与球座组件 6—起形成类似于密封活塞的结构。
[0118] 2) 上接头 3连接外部管道以持续打入压裂液, 压裂液所产生的高压作用在压裂 球 5与球座组件 6上。 由于压裂球 5贴紧球座组件 6后形成密封, 压裂液的高压 推动内套 1整体向下滑动, 压缩复位弹簧 9。
[0119] 而在投球滑套式压裂装置安装好吋, 剪切环 141是用于防止内套 1出现滑移的
; 当压裂液所产生的推力高于剪切环 141的剪切强度后, 剪切环 141被剪断, 即 固定部 141a和剪切部 141b分离, 此时, 内套 1整体才开始在导向槽 801的导向作 用下向下滑动。
[0120] 当定位部 803移动至压裂位置 b时, 第一压裂窗口 111、 第二压裂窗口 221以及 第三压裂窗口 711重合, 使投球滑套式压裂装置开启以实施第一次压裂, 具体参 见图 18。
[0121] 3)第一次压裂结束后, 地面放压, 即撤走了施加在压裂球 5与球座组件 6上的推 力, 此时, 内套 1在复位弹簧 9的弹性回复力作用下向上移动, 定位部 803会自 动换向移动至撤压位置^ 此时, 第一压裂窗口 111与第二压裂窗口 221和第三压 裂窗口 711错开, 使压裂窗口处于关闭状态。
[0122] 4) 地面打低压, 进行重复压裂。 此时, 压裂球 5与球座组件 6在压裂液的推动 下, 带动内套 1再次向下移动, 压缩复位弹簧 9; 当定位部 803自动换向移动至 二次压裂位置 d吋, 压裂窗口开启以再次实施压裂。
[0123] 5)地面再次放压, 内套 1在复位弹簧 9
的弹性回复力作用下向上移动, 定位部 803自动换向移动至二次撤压位置^
[0124] 6) 地面再次加压, 压裂球 5与球座组件 6在压裂液的推动下, 带动内套 1向下 移动, 压缩复位弹簧 9, 直至球座组件 6移动至压裂球释放凹槽 231所处的位置 。 此吋, 压裂球 5在压裂液、 重力或其他外力作用下产生下压力, 球座组件 6进 而在压裂球 5的作用下向靠近外套 2的方向移动, 球座组件 6向外张开使得内径 变大, 压裂球 5穿过球座组件 6被释放; 同时, 定位部 803自动换向移动至压裂 球释放位置 f。
[0125] 7) 由于压裂球 5已经被释放, 密封被破坏, 推动内套 1
滑动的动力消失, 内套 1不会再继续下滑。 地面放压, 内套 1在复位弹簧 9的弹 性回复力作用下向上移动, 以关闭该投球滑套式压裂装置的压裂窗口, 定位部 8 03自动换向移动至自动复位位 Sg。
[0126] 根据上述工作原理, 压裂球 5依次落至第二段、 第三段至最后一段的投球滑套 式压裂装置中。 由于上方的投球滑套式压裂装置因为释放了压力球 5而均已关闭 , 所以对于每一段投球滑套式压裂装置, 都可重复上述操作 1) 至 7) , 直至完 成整个压裂过程。
[0127] 在上述压裂施工结束后, 需要下入液压开关工具, 该开关工具与外部驱动装置 相连, 用于一次性幵启所有投球滑套式压裂装置, 具体步骤如下:
[0128] 1) 将开关工具下至井底, 在接近最后一个投球滑套式压裂装置时, 开始打压
; 此时, 开关工具的开关键块会弹开膨胀, 将开关工具自动锁定在内套 1上, 进 而通过上提或下放开关工具, 来实现内套 1的滑动。
[0129] 2) 定位部 803位于压裂过程结束后的自动复位位置 g,
[0130] 首先, 通过下压开关工具, 使内套 1向下移动至定位部 803
位于第一调整位置 jl ;
[0131] 然后, 通过上提开关工具, 使内套 1向上移动至定位部 803
位于第二调整位置 j2;
[0132] 进而, 通过下压开关工具, 使内套 1向下移动至定位部 S03
位于第三调整位置 j3 ;
[0133] 最后, 通过上提开关工具, 使内套 1向上移动至定位部 803
位于第四调整位置 j4, 此时, 整个调整过程结束。
[0134] 3) 通过下压开关工具, 由于对内套 1的推动力完全来自与开关工具, 因此可以 加压使定位部 803移动至位于导向槽 801最顶端的滑套幵启位置 h。 此吋, 固定 环 151弹开并卡入固定环释放槽 153内, 将该投球滑套式压裂装置锁定在永久打 幵的状态。
[0135] 4) 按照上述方法, 依次打开倒数第二、 倒数第三直至所有的投球滑套式压裂 装置。
[0136] 5) 当所有的投球滑套式压裂装置均开启后, 取出幵关工具, 整个施工过程完 成。 上面结合附图对本发明的实施例进行了描述, 但是本发明并不局限于上述的具 体实施方式, 上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的, 而不是限制性的, 本领域 的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下, 在不脱离本发明宗旨和权利要求所保护的 范围情况下, 还可做出很多形式, 这些均属于本发明的保护之内。

Claims

[权利要求 1] 一种球座组件, 用于投球滑套式压裂装置, 其特征在于, 包括多个相 互分离的球座支架 (61) , 所述多个球座支架 (61) 围合为一中空的 环形座体;
每一所述球座支架 (61) 包括相互连接的限位板 (611) 和承托部 (6 12) , 所述限位板 (611) 卡设在所述投球滑套式压裂装置的内套 (1 ) 与外套 (2) 之间, 所述承托部 (612) 穿过所述内套 (1) 并从所 述内套 (1) 的内壁面上伸出。
[权利要求 2] —种投球滑套式压裂装置, 其特征在于, 包括内套 (1) 、 外套 (2)
、 压裂球 (5) 和权利要求 1所述的球座组件 (6) ; 所述内套 (1) 可滑动的套设在所述外套 (2) 的内部, 所述内套 (1 ) 和所述外套 (2) 上分别幵设有供压裂液流出以实施压裂的压裂窗 口, 所述内套 (1) 沿轴向滑动以开启或关闭所述压裂窗口; 所述外套 (2) 的内侧面上开设有压裂球释放凹槽 (231) , 所述压裂 球 (5) 被投置于所述球座组件 (6) 上;
当所述球座组件 (6) 移动至所述压裂球释放凹槽 (231) 处时, 所述 压裂球 (5) 在外力作用下产生下推力, 推动所述多个球座支架 (61 ) 沿径向向外移动, 使得所述球座组件 (6) 的内径变大, 所述压裂 球 (5) 穿过所述球座组件 (6) 掉落至下一段投球滑套式压裂装置中
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 2所述的投球滑套式压裂装置, 其特征在于, 还包括设 置在所述内套 (1) 与所述外套 (2) 之间的定位机构 (8) , 所述定 位机构 (8) 包括开设在所述内套 (1) 外壁面上的导向槽 (801) 和 套设在所述内套 (1) 与所述外套 (2) 之间的定位套 (802) , 所述 导向槽 (801) 的形状与所述内套 (1) 的预设移动路径相匹配, 所述 定位套 (802) 的内侧上设置有延伸至所述导向槽 (801) 内的定位部 (803) ;
所述内套 (1) 在外力作用下相对于所述外套 (2) 滑动, 所述定位部 (803) 沿所述导向槽 (801 ) 的侧壁移动, 以控制所述内套 (1 ) 沿 预设路径移动。
[权利要求 4] 根据权利要求 3所述的投球滑套式压裂装置, 其特征在于, 还包括套 设在所述外套 (2) 内的复位弹簧 (9) , 所述复位弹簧 (9) 的一端 固定, 其另一端与所述内套 (1 ) 的端部相抵接; 所述内套 (1 ) 在外力作用下沿所述定位机构 (8) 所限定的预设路径 向下移动, 压缩所述复位弹簧 (9) 并使所述压裂窗口开启以实施压 裂; 当停止压裂并释放压力后, 所述复位弹簧 (9) 复位, 反向推动 所述内套 (1 ) 沿所述定位机构 (8) 所限定的预设路径移动。
[权利要求 5] 根据权利要求 3所述的投球滑套式压裂装置, 其特征在于, 所述导向 槽 (801 ) 具有多个沿所述内套 ( 1 ) 的轴向延伸并沿所述内套 (1) 的周向依次设置的下列位置:
初始位置 (a) , 位于所述导向槽 (801 ) 的底端, 所述投球滑套式压 裂装置安装完成吋, 所述定位部 (803) 位于所述初始位置 (a) , 所 述压裂窗口处于关闭状态;
压裂位置 (b) , 位于所述导向槽 (801 ) 上远离所述初始位置 (a) 的一端, 当所述定位部 (803) 位于所述压裂位置 (b) 时, 所述压裂 窗口开启以实施压裂;
撤压位置 (c) , 位于所述导向槽 (801 ) 的底端, 当所述定位部 (80
3) 位于所述撤压位置 (c) 吋, 所述压裂窗口关闭以暂停压裂; 压裂球释放位置 (f) , 位于所述导向槽 (801 ) 上远离所述初始位置
(a) 的一端, 当所述定位部 (803) 位于所述压裂球释放位置 (f) 时, 所述球座组件 (6) 移动至所述压裂球释放凹槽 (231 ) 处, 所述 球座组件 (6) 的内径变大, 所述压裂球 (5) 穿过所述球座组件 (6 ) 掉落至下一段投球滑套式压裂装置中;
自动复位位置 (g) , 位于所述导向槽 (801 ) 的底端, 当所述定位部 (803) 位于所述自动复位位置 (g) 吋, 所述压裂窗口关闭, 本段所 述投球滑套式压裂装置的压裂过程完成。
[权利要求 6] 根据权利要求 5所述的投球滑套式压裂装置, 其特征在于, 所述导向 槽 (801 ) 还包括沿所述内套 (1 ) 的周向依次设置在所述撤压位置 ( c) 与所述压裂球释放位置 (f) 之间的二次压裂位置 (d) 和二次撤 压位置 (e) ;
所述二次压裂位置 (d) , 位于所述导向槽 (801 ) 上远离所述初始位 置 (a) 的一端, 当所述定位部 (803) 位于所述二次压裂位置 (d) 时, 所述压裂窗口开启以再次实施压裂;
所述二次撤压位置 (e) , 位于所述导向槽 (801) 的底端, 当所述定 位部 (803) 位于所述二次撤压位置 (e) 时, 所述压裂窗口再次关闭 以暂停压裂。
[权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 5所述的投球滑套式压裂装置, 其特征在于, 所述导向 槽 (801 ) 还包括沿所述内套 ( 1 ) 的周向依次设置在所述自动复位位 置 (g) 与所述初始位置 (a) 之间的调整位置和滑套开启位置 (h) 所述调整位置, 用于通过所述内套的移动路径来判断其所处的位置; 所述滑套开启位置 (h) , 位于所述导向槽 (801 ) 上所述压裂球释放 位置 (f) 的上方, 当所述定位部 (803) 位于所述滑套开启位置 (h ) 吋, 所述压裂窗口幵启且所述内套 (1 ) 与所述外套 (2) 通过固定 机构 (15) 固定连接。
[权利要求 8] 根据权利要求 2所述的投球滑套式压裂装置, 其特征在于, 还包括位 于所述内套 (1 ) 与所述外套 (2) 之间的固定机构 (15) ; 所述固定机构 (15) 包括固定环 (151 ) 、 固定环容纳槽 (152) 和固 定环释放槽 (153) ;
所述固定环 (151 ) 以压缩状态卡设在所述内套 (1 ) 与所述外套 (2 ) 之间;
所述固定环容纳槽 (152) 幵设在所述内套 (1 ) 上, 用于容纳压缩后 的所述固定环 (151 ) ;
所述固定环释放槽 (153) 幵设在所述外套 (2) 上, 当所述固定环容 纳槽 (152) 移动至与所述固定环释放槽 (153) 连通吋, 所述固定环 (151) 弹性膨胀至卡入所述固定环释放槽 (153) 内, 使所述内套 ( 1) 停止滑动并与所述外套 (2) 固定连接。
[权利要求 9] 根据权利要求 2所述的投球滑套式压裂装置, 其特征在于, 还包括分 片式的剪切环组件 (14) , 所述剪切环组件 (14) 包括横截面为 L形 的剪切环 (141) , 所述剪切环 (141) 卡设在所述内套 (1) 与所述 外套 (2) 之间, 包括相互垂直且固定连接的固定部 (141a) 和剪切 部 (141b) ;
所述内套 (1) 与所述外套 (2) 之间形成有用于夹紧固定所述固定部 (141a) 的空间; 所述内套 (1) 上开设有用于容纳所述剪切部 (141 b) 的剪切凹槽 (112) 。
[权利要求 10] 根据权利要求 2所述的投球滑套式压裂装置, 其特征在于, 所述内套
(1) 沿周向开设有多个第一压裂窗口 (111) , 所述外套 (2) 沿周 向幵设有多个第二压裂窗口 (221) , 滑动所述内套 (1) , 使所述第 一压裂窗口 (ill) 与所述第二压裂窗口 (221) 重合以开启所述压裂 窗口;
所述内套 (1) 与所述外套 (2) 之间设置有防蚀套组件 (7) , 所述 防蚀套组件 (7) 具有第三压裂窗口 (711) 并固定在所述外套的内侧 , 使所述第三压裂窗口 (711) 与所述第二压裂窗口 (221) 重合。
PCT/CN2015/080588 2015-01-15 2015-06-02 球座组件及投球滑套式压裂装置 WO2016112612A1 (zh)

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CN109025875A (zh) * 2018-08-13 2018-12-18 中国地质科学院勘探技术研究所 一种内置钢球式液力差动机构
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CN113218773A (zh) * 2021-04-13 2021-08-06 赵雅清 一种水压致裂应力检测装置
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CN116480315A (zh) * 2023-03-17 2023-07-25 西南石油大学 一种水平井可往复开关无限级压裂固井滑套及工艺方法

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