WO2016106953A1 - 一种动平台红外图谱关联探测系统及方法 - Google Patents

一种动平台红外图谱关联探测系统及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016106953A1
WO2016106953A1 PCT/CN2015/072667 CN2015072667W WO2016106953A1 WO 2016106953 A1 WO2016106953 A1 WO 2016106953A1 CN 2015072667 W CN2015072667 W CN 2015072667W WO 2016106953 A1 WO2016106953 A1 WO 2016106953A1
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infrared
target
wide
spectrum
module
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张天序
戴小兵
刘祥燕
费锦东
刘立
喻洪涛
姚守悝
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/0202—Mechanical elements; Supports for optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
    • G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
    • G01J3/0208—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows using focussing or collimating elements, e.g. lenses or mirrors; performing aberration correction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
    • G01J3/021—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows using plane or convex mirrors, parallel phase plates, or particular reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
    • G01J3/0218—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows using optical fibers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/0264—Electrical interface; User interface
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/0278—Control or determination of height or angle information for sensors or receivers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/0297—Constructional arrangements for removing other types of optical noise or for performing calibration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/45—Interferometric spectrometry
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/20—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from infrared radiation only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/51—Housings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/65—Control of camera operation in relation to power supply
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J2003/283—Investigating the spectrum computer-interfaced
    • G01J2003/2836—Programming unit, i.e. source and date processing

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of optoelectronic technology, and more particularly to a moving platform infrared map correlation detecting system and method.
  • the map correlation detection device combines the target infrared spectrum with the infrared imaging information, and utilizes the unique spectral characteristics of the target on the infrared spectral line to greatly improve the detectability of the target.
  • This technology is widely used in the field of optoelectronic technology to provide a data foundation for the study of various target characteristics, and thus for classification, monitoring and target detection and identification.
  • the AVIPIS system completed by the JPL laboratory in the United States and the GERIS system of the US GER company and the PHI imaging spectrometer system researched by the Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, etc., can provide rich two-dimensional spatial information and third-dimensional spectral data, but The spatial resolution is low, the imaging speed is slow, and the infrared spectrum of the moving target cannot be intelligently collected.
  • the acquired hyperspectral data has a large amount of information irrelevant to the object, and the data redundancy is large, and the on-board real-time processing cannot be realized; AN-AAS- 38A/B eagle target aiming forward-looking infrared pod, AN/AAR-50 forward-looking infrared navigation pod and other photoelectric reconnaissance and forward-looking infrared pods, etc. through infrared image data acquisition, with the ability to detect and track moving targets.
  • such devices do not have the infrared spectrum detection capability for moving targets, and the anti-infrared decoy has poor interference capability.
  • the detection and tracking of moving targets adopts the way of people in the loop, the communication links are susceptible to interference, and the lack of intelligence Automatic target recognition.
  • the domestic patent "application number is 200910272679.9
  • the invention name is: A method and device for acquiring time-varying object spectral information integrated with maps and "Application No. 201110430969.9
  • the invention name is a multi-band moving target spectral feature detection and identification method and device", using two lens combinations to achieve map correlation In this way, the device is bulky; the scanning mirror wastes half of the field of view space in the entire optical path layout, and it is difficult to isolate the influence of motion disturbance on the detection; the planar infrared window has a small field of view and is not suitable for aerodynamic layout under motion conditions.
  • the commonly used optoelectronic devices have the following disadvantages: (1) not suitable for local area spectral measurement of moving platform; (2) unable to achieve automatic tracking measurement of multiple moving targets; (3) unable to target On-line processing and identification of spectra; (4) Large amount of data, slow speed and high price.
  • the present invention provides a dynamic platform infrared map correlation detection system and method, the purpose of which is to realize time-space-spectral multi-dimensional comprehensive information measurement of a moving platform moving target or a local region, This solves the technical problem of decoupling the dynamic platform and optimizing the optical path layout of the system.
  • the invention provides a moving platform infrared map correlation detecting system, which is wrapped in a protective shell, including an optical hood, a wide-band optical system, a two-dimensional servo follower system, an infrared fiber, a Fourier interference spectrum module, and a map correlation.
  • the optical head cover is adhesively coupled to the housing; a center of mass of the wide-band optical system coincides with a center of the optical head cover, and the wide-band optical system is fixed at Two-dimensional motion is implemented on the tilt mechanism of the two-dimensional servo follower system; the base of the two-dimensional servo follower system is fixedly mounted inside the housing, the center of rotation of the two-dimensional servo follower system and the wide-band optical
  • the centroid axes of the system are coincident; the infrared fibers are respectively flexibly coupled to the broadband optical system and the Fourier interference spectrum module; the Fourier interference spectrum module is fixed inside the housing by a spring; the power module Used to power the system and provide a universal power interface; the display module is mounted on the outer surface of the rear of the housing.
  • the optical head cover is a spherical structure formed by using an eZnS material as a base material, and forming, polishing, and coating.
  • the wide-band optical system includes a secondary mirror, a primary mirror, a beam splitter, a long-wave lens group, a wide-spectrum lens group, an infrared detector, and an infrared fiber coupler; the secondary mirror and the primary mirror are sequentially coaxial Positioning and constituting a card lens; the mirror center of the beam splitter coincides with the central axis of the system, and the mirror surface of the beam splitter is placed at 45° with the central axis, and the first surface of the beam splitter is plated with a beam splitting film.
  • the second surface is plated with a long-wave anti-reflection film;
  • the long-wave lens group is located on the transmitted light path of the beam splitter for long-wave imaging;
  • the wide-spectrum lens group is located on the reflected light path of the beam splitter for correcting the width Spectrum chromatic aberration and magnification chromatic aberration to achieve spectral energy collection;
  • the infrared detector is disposed at the tail of the long-wave lens group, and the exit pupil of the long-wave lens group coincides with the internal photosensitive surface of the infrared detector;
  • the infrared fiber A coupler is disposed at a rear of the wide-spectrum lens group, and an end face of the infrared fiber coupler coincides with a pupil of the wide-spectrum lens group.
  • the long-wave lens group includes a first concave lens, a second concave lens, a first plano-convex lens, a third concave lens, and a second plano-convex lens which are disposed coaxially in sequence.
  • the wide-spectrum lens group includes two concave lenses, a crescent-shaped convex lens, which are sequentially placed coaxially, and then two plano-convex lenses are placed next to each other.
  • the two-dimensional servo follower system includes an azimuth cyclone assembly, an azimuth motor, an azimuth mechanism, a pitch motor, a pitch mechanism, a pitch-rotation component, and a gyroscope; the pitch motor and the pitch-rotation component respectively Arranging on both sides of the pitch mechanism; the azimuth rotation component and the azimuth motor are superimposed on the axis of the azimuth mechanism, and the azimuth mechanism and the pitch mechanism above it are coupled by a mechanical frame to control the wide-band optical system to achieve pitch and An azimuth two-dimensional motion; the gyroscope is disposed under the wide-band optical system for measuring a spatial absolute angular velocity of the wide-band optical system and an angular tracking error signal of the platform, and performing disturbance decoupling and motion as a feedback signal isolation.
  • the gyroscope is a fiber optic gyroscope.
  • the invention provides a detection method for the above-mentioned dynamic platform infrared spectrum correlation detection system, which comprises the following steps:
  • the suspected target refers to a plurality of pixel points closely connected in the image, and extracts the region of interest; specifically:
  • the target locking is considered to be successful; wherein the principle (a) the field center and the target relative position relationship are stable; the principle (b) target is within 5 pixels of the center of the field of view.
  • the above technical solution conceived by the present invention can increase the system measurement field of view, reduce the dead angle of measurement, and have a good aerodynamic layout, because the optical hood adopts a spherical structure of zinc sulfide, compared with the prior art.
  • the two-dimensional servo servo system controls the wide-band optical system, which can effectively isolate the system disturbance of the moving platform, realize flexible field of view switching and fast target tracking; the wide-band optical system can realize field of view imaging and region by using reflection-transmission structure.
  • the common optical path of spectral measurement; the combined processing of the map adopts the optimal automatic control strategy, which can realize the multi-dimensional sparse sampling of the target scene in time-space-spectral, simplify the data volume, realize the measurement value to the maximum extent, and realize real-time processing.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a module of a map correlation detecting system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a transmission curve of an optical hood in a map correlation detecting system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a wide-band optical system in a map correlation detecting system according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a is a three-dimensional outer shape structure, b is a front view, and c is a side view;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-dimensional servo follower system in a map correlation detecting system according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a is a three-dimensional outer shape structure, b is a left side view, and d is a right side view;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a working logic of a two-dimensional servo follower system in a map correlation detecting system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a transmission curve of an infrared fiber in a map correlation detecting system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of functions of a map association information processing module in a map correlation detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a work of a map correlation detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a result of real-time measurement of airport indicator lights and civil aircraft data in the field experiment of the present invention, wherein the a-axis is aligned with the right side engine of the civil aircraft on the airport runway, the b-axis is aligned with the airport ground indicator, and c is a and b. Corresponding spectrum of the flame and indicator light of the civil aircraft engine;
  • 1-optical hood 2-wide-band optical system, 21-second mirror, 22-main mirror, 23-beam splitter 24-long-wave imaging lens group, 25-wide spectral lens group, 26-infrared detector, 27 - Infrared Fiber Coupler, 3-Dimensional Servo Follower System, 4-Infrared Fiber, 5-Fourier Interference Spectroscopy Module, 6-Graphology Correlation Detection Processing Module, 61-Image Processing Unit, 62-Communication Level Translation Unit , 63-system control unit, 64-spectral processing unit, 65-data storage unit, 66-data fusion master unit, 7-power module, 8-display module.
  • the invention relates to an infrared map correlation detection system for a moving platform and an infrared spectrum correlation detection acquisition method based on the system, in particular to an infrared image and a spectral measurement of a moving platform moving target Quantity system and method.
  • the invention is a smart infrared photoelectric detecting device with portability.
  • the invention provides a moving platform infrared map correlation detecting system, see FIG. 1 , which mainly comprises an optical head cover 1 , a wide band optical system 2 , a two-dimensional servo follower system 3 , an infrared fiber 4 , and a Fourier interference spectrum module 5 .
  • the map correlates the detection processing module 6, the power module 7 and the display module 8.
  • the "wideband” referred to in the present invention means that the system response band range is wide, involving short, medium, and long waves, specifically covering 2-12 ⁇ m, and "wide spectrum” also refers to 2-12 ⁇ m spectrum.
  • the system is mainly divided into a processor entity and a optomechanical detection entity in physical structure.
  • the processor entity is composed of the map association detection processing module 6, and the other components constitute the optical machine detection entity.
  • the former mainly implements all the information processing work of the system, and the latter implements the optical detection work of the entire system.
  • the processor entity uses the Ethernet Ethernet interface to connect and control the Fourier interference spectrum module 5 and obtain infrared spectral data; the serial bus is used to realize the position control of the two-dimensional servo servo system; the RS422 interface and the image interface and the wide band are adopted.
  • the optical system 4 is connected.
  • the RS422 interface realizes level conversion, controls lens focusing and non-uniformity correction, and the image interface has analog PAL system and digital Camera LINK interface to obtain infrared image information.
  • the optomechanical detection body is wrapped by a specially designed protective casing made of aluminum alloy.
  • the optical head cover 1 is connected with the high-strength adhesive of the casing; the center of the wide-band optical system 2 coincides with the center of the optical head cover 1, and is fixed on the pitch mechanism of the two-dimensional servo follower system 3 to realize two-dimensional motion;
  • the base of the moving system 3 is fixedly mounted inside the casing, and the center of rotation coincides with the centroid axis of the wide-band optical system 2;
  • the infrared fiber 4 is flexibly connected to the wide-band optical system 2 and the Fourier interference spectrum module 5, respectively; Fourier interference spectrum
  • the module 5 is fixed inside the casing by a simple anti-vibration spring;
  • the power module 7 realizes system power supply and provides a universal power interface to facilitate the use of the external power source;
  • the display module 8 adopts a touch-type liquid crystal display panel, which is embedded on the outer surface of the tail of the casing.
  • the optical head cover 1 is used to transmit infrared light in the target scene to filter other stray light, and the optical head cover 1 also protects the inside and outside of the system from being shielded. Under the condition of high speed platform, the optical head cover 1 has a good aerodynamic shape structure, which reduces the influence of pneumatic heating on the detection of the system.
  • the optical head cover 1 is made of an eZnS material as a base material, and is processed, polished, and coated.
  • the transmission band of eZnS (Fig. 2) is 0.35 to 14.5 ⁇ m, and has a good transmittance at 2 to 12 ⁇ m.
  • the average transmittance is 73% or more, and the optical performance is good.
  • the temperature is below 400 °C. Its transmittance is basically unchanged.
  • ZnS consists of fine grains with high fracture strength and hardness and good corrosion resistance. ZnS can be used up to 800 ° C and has good thermal shock.
  • the optical head cover 1 adopts a spherical structure, has a good aerodynamic layout under dynamic platform conditions, and can increase the visual field of view of the system window and reduce the system detection dead angle.
  • the wide-band optical system 2 includes a secondary mirror 21, a primary mirror 22, a beam splitter 23, a long-wave lens group 24, a wide-spectrum lens group 25, an infrared detector 26, and an infrared fiber coupler 27; 21
  • the main mirror 22 is placed behind, coaxially, forming a card lens, using a high-order aspheric mirror to fold the optical path, compressing the volume of the optical system, the central axis of the card lens coincides with the central axis of the system;
  • the mirror 23 mirror The center coincides with the central axis of the system, the mirror is placed at 45° with the central axis, and the spectroscopic film (first side) and the long-wave anti-reflection film (second surface) are plated;
  • the long-wave lens group 24 is located behind the beam splitter 23, and is located in the beam splitter
  • the transmitted light path of 23 is mainly used for long-wave imaging;
  • the wide-spectrum lens group 25 is located behind the beam splitter 23
  • a is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the system
  • b is a front view, mainly showing the structure of the primary and secondary mirrors and the installation relationship
  • c is a side view.
  • the two-dimensional servo follower system 3 includes an azimuth cyclone assembly 31, an azimuth motor 32, an azimuth mechanism 33, a pitch motor 34, a pitch mechanism 35, a pitching resolver assembly 36, and a gyroscope 37.
  • the pitch motor 34 and the pitching screw assembly 36 are respectively disposed on both sides of the pitch mechanism 35, as shown in Fig. 4a.
  • Azimuthal group The member 31 and the azimuth motor 32 are superimposed on the axis of the azimuth mechanism 33, and the azimuth mechanism 33 and the pitch mechanism 35 thereabove are coupled to the wide-band optical system 2 by a mechanical frame to realize two-dimensional motion of pitch and azimuth.
  • the gyroscope 37 is placed under the wide-band optical system 2 (Fig. 4b and Fig. 4c), and measures the spatial absolute angular velocity of the wide-band optical system 2 and the angular tracking error signal of the platform as a feedback signal to achieve disturbance decoupling and motion isolation.
  • the gyroscope 37 in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a fiber optic gyroscope, and has strong anti-overload capability and moderate cost.
  • the two-dimensional servo servo system 3 adopts a position and speed dual-loop feedback control scheme (Fig. 4).
  • the gyro provides the angular position measurement signal of the load, and the position feedback control is used to achieve a given range of search.
  • the relative motion of the target and the load constitutes the position feedback
  • the spatial absolute angular velocity of the gyro-sensitive load is used as the speed feedback
  • the gyro measures the angular tracking error signal of the platform
  • the detector motion is controlled by the correction device and the dual-loop feedback. Double plane tracking of the target.
  • the gyro channel ensures that the load is decoupled from the carrier motion, achieving a visual axis pointing stabilization function.
  • the infrared fiber 4 is used to realize the coupling of the wide-spectrum energy collecting system and the spectrum measuring system.
  • a sulfur-based glass fiber is used, and the spectral transmission curve is as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the Fourier interference spectroscopy module 5 is configured to perform interference sampling on the incident light and obtain the infrared spectrum by Fourier transform; in the embodiment of the invention, the spectral detection unit EM27 of Bruker Optics or the process control spectroscopy can be used.
  • System IRCube OEM both using Michelson interferometer system, spectral resolution 2cm -1 , 4cm -1 , 8cm -1 , 16cm -1 , 32cm -1 optional , measuring spectral range including short , medium and long wave , using Sterling or liquid nitrogen cooled MCT detectors.
  • the map association detection processing module 6 includes an image processing unit 61, a communication level conversion unit 62, a system control unit 63, a spectrum processing unit 64, a data storage unit 65, and a data fusion master unit 66, as shown in FIG.
  • the image processing unit 61 mainly performs image enhancement, feature extraction, segmentation, and the like on the acquired infrared image to implement system tracking;
  • the communication level conversion unit 62 passes
  • the RS422 interface is interconnected with the outside world, mainly implementing the level conversion function between the modules;
  • the system control unit 63 performs motion control on the motor of the two-dimensional servo follower system 3 through the serial port;
  • the spectrum processing unit 64 mainly uses the Ethernet interface to the Fourier
  • the infrared spectrum collected by the interference spectrum module 5 performs acquisition control, data preprocessing, radiation calibration, and spectral feature extraction processing.
  • the processing results of the three modules are finally fed back to the data fusion master control unit 66 for data fusion processing, and finally the optimal system control strategy is selected for data acquisition, and data compression, storage, and downlink are implemented by the data storage unit 65.
  • the data fusion master control unit 66 also interacts with the power module 7 and the display module 8 to implement functions such as configuration parameterization and data visualization.
  • the data storage unit 65 can accept ground remote control commands to facilitate the application of the system to the mobile platform. At the same time, data compression storage can greatly reduce the amount of data, reduce the pressure of data downlink bandwidth, and improve anti-interference ability.
  • the working principle of the invention is that the light of the target scene is incident from the optical head cover 1 and enters the wide-band optical system 2, and is reflected by the main mirror 22 and the secondary mirror 21, and then split by the beam splitter 23, and 50% of the incident light is long-wave infrared.
  • the light passes through the beam splitter 23 and is subjected to aberration correction by the long-wave imaging lens group 24 to reach the infrared detector 26; the short, medium-wave infrared light and the remaining 50% long-wave infrared light in the incident light are reflected by the spectroscope, and then passed through the wide-spectrum lens group.
  • the map correlation detection processing module 6 receives, processes, and stores the multi-dimensional information of the probe object through each sub-unit, and controls the motion of the two-dimensional servo follow-up system 3 to change the optical axis of the system, thereby achieving target detection and tracking.
  • the display module 9 uses the data acquired by the map correlation detection module to display the map information acquired by the current system in the form of a graphical interface, and implements a simple human-computer interaction function.
  • the present invention proposes a detection method based on the above-described map correlation detection system. Referring to FIG. 8, the following steps are included:
  • image processing unit 61 extracts all suspected targets and target position coordinates in the image sequence, and feeds back information to the data fusion master control unit 66;
  • the data fusion master control unit 66 calls the two-dimensional servo follower system 3, controls the wideband optical system 2, and sequentially moves the field of view center to the above target position to lock the target;
  • the data fusion master control unit 66 calls the spectrum processing unit 64 to acquire the spectral data of the target by using the Fourier interference spectrum module 5, and identifies that the target has been measured;
  • the detection method of the map correlation detection system proposed by the present invention in the step (2) refers to a plurality of pixel points closely connected in the image, and the extraction method is determined as follows:
  • image segmentation processing may be performed by using a threshold segmentation method
  • the target locking of the map correlation detection system detection method proposed by the present invention in the step (4) is determined as follows:
  • the target is within 5 pixels of the center of the field of view
  • the dynamic platform infrared map correlation detection system and method of the invention not only effectively realizes the correlation acquisition of image and spectral information, but also isolates the disturbance of the motion platform to the detection system, and quickly realizes target detection, tracking and measurement.
  • FIG. 9 is a result showing the results of the field measurement of the map correlation detection system proposed by the present invention at the airport.
  • Figure a and Figure b show the civil aircraft flying off the runway during the runway, at this time the aircraft engine In the open state, the field of view in a locks the right engine nozzle of the aircraft, and the field of view in b locks the ground indicator.
  • Figure c is an infrared spectrum acquired after the above target is locked, and the interval is 2 ⁇ m - 5 ⁇ m. It can be seen from the spectral curve characteristics of Fig. c that the aircraft radiation spectrum has obvious peaks at 4.18 ⁇ m and 4.5 ⁇ m, while the ground level indicators have two relatively small peaks at 2.2 ⁇ m and 2.35 ⁇ m.

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Abstract

一种动平台红外图谱关联探测系统，该系统包括光学头罩（1）、宽波段光学系统（2）、二维伺服随动系统（3）、红外光纤（4）、傅里叶干涉光谱模块（5）、图谱关联探测处理模块（6）、电源模块（7）和显示模块（8）；入射光从光学头罩（1）进入，至宽波段光学系统（2）并由分光镜（23）分光；透射的光线经过长波成像透镜组（24）聚焦在红外探测器（26）上成像；反射的光线经过宽光谱透镜组（25）聚焦于红外光纤耦合器（27），由红外光纤（4）进入傅里叶干涉光谱模块（5）形成干涉图，并经傅里叶变换得到光谱数据；图谱关联探测处理模块（6）有效融合红外成像与宽波段光谱数据，利用二维伺服随动系统（3）控制宽波段光学系统中心指向，实现在动平台条件下的目标探测、跟踪与光谱测量。能有效隔离动平台对系统的扰动，具有同时对场景成像和局部区域光谱测量以及多目标跟踪光谱测量的能力。

Description

一种动平台红外图谱关联探测系统及方法 【技术领域】
本发明属于光电技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种动平台红外图谱关联探测系统及方法。
【背景技术】
近年来，随着机载、星载等动平台快速发展，光电探测载荷的设计也迎来了新的挑战。按照电磁波谱的结构和特性，多个精细谱段信息更能全面而准确地反映目标与背景本身固有的特性。图谱关联探测设备把目标红外光谱和红外成像信息结合起来，利用目标在红外光谱谱线上的独特的光谱特征，可以大大提高目标的可探测性。该技术广泛应用于光电技术领域，为研究各种目标特性，进而对场景进行分类、监视与目标探测识别提供数据基础。
国内外都非常重视研发此类光电探测设备。例如美国JPL实验室完成的AVIPIS系统和美国GER公司GERIS系统以及国内中科院上海技术物理研究所研究的PHI成像光谱仪系统等，此类成像光谱仪能提供丰富的二维空间信息及第三维光谱数据，但空间分辨率低，成像速度慢，无法对动目标红外光谱实现智能化采集，获取的高光谱数据与对象无关的信息量多，数据冗余量大，无法实现机载实时处理；AN-AAS-38A/B鹰式目标瞄准前视红外吊舱、AN/AAR-50前视红外导航吊舱等光电侦察与前视红外吊舱等通过红外图像数据采集，具备对动目标的检测跟踪能力。但是，此类设备均不具备对动目标的红外光谱探测能力，抗红外诱饵干扰能力差，对动目标的探测、跟踪采用人在回路中的途径，通讯链路易受干扰，缺乏智能化的自动目标识别功能。
在相关专利中，国内专利“申请号为200910272679.9，发明名称为： 一种图谱一体化的时变对象光谱信息获取方法与装置”和“申请号为201110430969.9，发明名称为一种多波段动目标光谱特征探测识别方法和装置”中采用两个镜头组合实现图谱关联的方式，设备体积大；扫描镜使得整个光路布局浪费一半的视场空间，也难以隔离运动扰动对探测的影响；平面红外窗口，视场小，不适合运动条件下的气动布局。
对于动平台红外光电载荷设计，目前常用的光电设备存在以下缺点：(1)不适于动平台局部区域光谱测量；(2)不能实现多个运动目标的自动跟踪测谱；(3)不能进行目标光谱的在线处理与识别；(4)数据量大、速度慢且价格昂贵。
【发明内容】
针对现有技术的以上缺陷或改进需求，本发明提供了一种动平台红外图谱关联探测系统及方法，其目的在于实现动平台动目标或者局部区域的时间-空间-光谱多维综合信息测量，由此解决动平台扰动解耦、优化系统光路布局的技术问题。
本发明提供了一种动平台红外图谱关联探测系统，包裹在防护性壳体内，包括光学头罩，宽波段光学系统，二维伺服随动系统，红外光纤，傅里叶干涉光谱模块，图谱关联探测处理模块，电源模块和显示模块；所述光学头罩与壳体黏胶连接；所述宽波段光学系统的质心与所述光学头罩的球心重合，且所述宽波段光学系统固定在所述二维伺服随动系统俯仰机构上实现二维运动；所述二维伺服随动系统的底座固定安装在壳体内部，所述二维伺服随动系统的回转中心与所述宽波段光学系统的质心轴重合；所述红外光纤分别与所述宽波段光学系统和所述傅里叶干涉光谱模块柔性连接；所述傅里叶干涉光谱模块通过弹簧固定在壳体内部；所述电源模块用于给系统供电并提供通用电源接口；所述显示模块镶嵌在壳体尾部外表面。
更进一步地，所述光学头罩为采用eZnS材料作为基体材料，并进行加工成型、抛光以及镀膜后形成的球面结构。
更进一步地，所述宽波段光学系统包括次镜、主镜、分光镜、长波透镜组、宽光谱透镜组、红外探测器和红外光纤耦合器；所述次镜和所述主镜依次同轴放置，并构成卡式镜头；所述分光镜的镜面中心与系统中心轴重合，且所述分光镜的镜面与中心轴成45°放置，所述分光镜的第一面镀制有分光膜，第二面镀有长波增透膜；所述长波透镜组位于所述分光镜的透射光路上，用于长波成像；所述宽光谱透镜组位于所述分光镜的反射光路上，用于校正宽光谱成像的位置色差和倍率色差，实现光谱能量收集；所述红外探测器设置在所述长波透镜组的尾部，所述长波透镜组的出瞳与红外探测器内部感光面重合；所述红外光纤耦合器设置在所述宽光谱透镜组后部，所述红外光纤耦合器的端面与所述宽光谱透镜组的出瞳重合。
更进一步地，所述长波透镜组包括依次同轴设置的第一凹透镜、第二凹透镜、第一平凸透镜、第三凹透镜和第二平凸透镜。
更进一步地，所述宽光谱透镜组包括依次同轴放置的两个凹透镜、月牙形凸透镜，随后紧挨放置两个平凸透镜。
更进一步地，所述二维伺服随动系统包括方位旋变组件、方位电机、方位机构、俯仰电机、俯仰机构、俯仰旋变组件和陀螺仪；所述俯仰电机和所述俯仰旋变组件分别设置在所述俯仰机构的两侧；所述方位旋变组件和方位电机叠加放置在方位机构轴心，方位机构与其上方的俯仰机构通过机械框架耦合来控制所述宽波段光学系统，实现俯仰和方位两维运动；所述陀螺仪设置于所述宽波段光学系统下方，用于测量所述宽波段光学系统的空间绝对角速度和平台的角跟踪误差信号，并作为反馈信号实现扰动解耦和运动隔离。
更进一步地，所述陀螺仪为光纤陀螺。
本发明提供了一种上述的动平台红外图谱关联探测系统的探测方法，包括下述步骤：
(1)通过红外探测对目标场景进行成像处理，并获得图像数据；
(2)在所述图像数据的图像序列中提取所有疑似目标以及目标位置坐标信息；
(3)根据所述所有疑似目标的位置坐标信息，依次将视场中心移动到上述目标位置来锁定目标；
(4)当目标被锁定后，采集目标的红外光谱数据，并标记该目标已经被测量；
(5)重复步骤(1)～(4)并开始下一个采集周期，直到所有目标的红外光谱数据均被采集。
更进一步地，在所述步骤(2)中，所述疑似目标是指图像中紧密相连的若干像素点，提取感兴趣区；具体包括：
(21)对图像进行增强处理；
(22)对增强处理后的图像进行分割处理；
(23)对分割处理后的图像进行膨胀腐蚀处理并获得所述疑似目标。
更进一步地，当同时满足以下原则时，则认为目标锁定成功；其中原则(a)视场中心与目标相对位置关系稳定；原则(b)目标在视场中心5个像素范围以内。
总体而言，通过本发明所构思的以上技术方案与现有技术相比，由于光学头罩采用球面结构的硫化锌，能够增大系统测量视场，减小测量死角，同时具有良好的气动布局；二维伺服随动系统控制宽波段光学系统，能够有效隔离动平台的系统扰动，实现灵活的视场切换和快速的目标跟踪；宽波段光学系统采用反射-透射结构能实现视场成像和区域光谱测量的共光路；图谱联合处理采用最优自动控制策略，能够实现系统对目标场景在时间-空间-光谱多维稀疏采样，简化数据量，最大程度实现测量价值，实现实时处理。
【附图说明】
图1为本发明实施例提供的图谱关联探测系统的模块结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的图谱关联探测系统中光学头罩透过曲线；
图3为本发明实施例提供的图谱关联探测系统中宽波段光学系统结构示意图，其中a为三维外形结构，b为正视图，c为侧视图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的图谱关联探测系统中二维伺服随动系统结构示意图，其中a为三维外形结构，b为左侧视图，d为右侧视图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的图谱关联探测系统中二维伺服随动系统工作逻辑示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的图谱关联探测系统中红外光纤透过曲线
图7为本发明实施例提供的图谱关联探测系统中图谱关联信息处理模块功能示意图；
图8为本发明实施例提供的图谱关联探测系统工作流程图；
图9为本发明外场实验中实时测量机场指示灯及民航飞机数据结果，其中a光轴对准机场跑道滑行的民航飞机右侧发动机，b光轴对准机场地面指示灯，c为a和b对应的民航飞机发动机喷焰和指示灯的光谱；
其中，1-光学头罩，2-宽波段光学系统，21-次镜，22-主镜，23-分光镜24-长波成像透镜组，25-宽光谱透镜组，26-红外探测器，27-红外光纤耦合器，3-二维伺服随动系统，4-红外光纤，5-傅里叶干涉光谱模块，6-图谱关联探测处理模块，61-图像处理单元，62-通讯电平转换单元，63-系统控制单元，64-光谱处理单元，65-数据存储单元，66-数据融合总控单元，7-电源模块，8-显示模块。
【具体实施方式】
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
本发明涉及一种动平台红外图谱关联探测系统及基于该系统实现的红外图谱关联探测采集方法，尤其涉及对动平台动目标的红外图像和光谱测 量系统及方法。本发明是灵巧型的红外光电探测设备，具有便携性。
本发明提供了一种动平台红外图谱关联探测系统，参见图1，主要包括光学头罩1，宽波段光学系统2，二维伺服随动系统3，红外光纤4，傅里叶干涉光谱模块5，图谱关联探测处理模块6，电源模块7和显示模块8。
本发明中提及的“宽波段”是指系统响应波段范围宽，涉及短、中、长波，具体覆盖2-12μm，“宽光谱”亦是指2-12μm光谱。该系统在物理结构上主要分为处理机实体和光机探测实体。其中，处理机实体由图谱关联探测处理模块6组成，其他部分则组成光机探测实体。前者主要实现系统所有的信息处理工作，后者则是实现整个系统光学探测工作。
处理机实体利用以太网Ethernet接口对傅里叶干涉光谱模块5进行连接控制，并获取红外光谱数据；采用串口总线实现对二维伺服随动系统2位置控制；采用RS422接口和图像接口与宽波段光学系统4连接。RS422接口实现电平转换，控制镜头调焦和非均匀性校正，图像接口有模拟PAL制式和数字Camera LINK接口，实现获取红外图像信息。
光机探测实体由专门设计的防护性外壳包裹，壳体采用铝合金材质。光学头罩1与壳体高强度黏胶连接；宽波段光学系统2质心与光学头罩1的球心重合，并固定在二维伺服随动系统3俯仰机构上实现二维运动；二维伺服随动系统3底座固定安装在壳体内部，回转中心与宽波段光学系统2的质心轴重合；红外光纤4分别与宽波段光学系统2和傅里叶干涉光谱模块5柔性连接；傅里叶干涉光谱模块5通过简易防震弹簧固定在壳体内部；电源模块7实现系统供电并提供通用电源接口方便外接电源的使用；显示模块8采用触控式液晶显示屏，镶嵌在壳体尾部外表面。
光学头罩1用于透过目标场景中的红外光线，过滤其他杂散光，同时光学头罩1也实现系统内部与外面隔绝，起到保护作用。在高速平台条件下，光学头罩1具有良好的气动外形结构，减小气动加热对系统探测的影响。
光学头罩1采用eZnS材料作为基体材料，并进行加工成型、抛光以及镀膜。eZnS的透过波段(图2)为0.35～14.5μm，在2～12μm有很好的透过率，其平均透过率可达73％以上，光学性能的稳定性良好，在温度400℃以下其透过率基本无变化。在机械性能方面，ZnS由细晶粒构成，抗断裂强度和硬度都比较高，耐侵蚀能力较好。ZnS的使用温度可高达800℃，并具有较好的热冲击力。
作为本发明的一个实施例，光学头罩1采用球面结构，在动平台条件下具有良好的气动布局，还能增大系统窗口的可视视场，减小系统探测死角。
本发明实施例提供的宽波段光学系统2包括次镜21、主镜22、分光镜23、长波透镜组24、宽光谱透镜组25、红外探测器26和红外光纤耦合器27；其中，次镜21在前，主镜22在后，同轴放置，构成卡式镜头，采用高次非球面反射镜折叠光路，压缩光学系统的体积，卡式镜头中心轴与系统中心轴重合；分光镜23镜面中心与系统中心轴重合，镜面与中心轴成45°放置，并镀制分光膜(第一面)和长波增透膜(第二面)；长波透镜组24在分光镜23之后，位于分光镜23的透射光路上，主要用于长波成像；宽光谱透镜组25在分光镜23之后，位于分光镜23的反射光路上，用于校正宽光谱成像的位置色差和倍率色差，实现光谱能量收集；红外探测器26安装在长波透镜组24尾部，长波透镜组24的出瞳与红外探测器内部感光面重合；红外光纤耦合器27在安装在宽光谱透镜组25后部，其端面与宽光谱透镜组的出瞳重合。宽波段光学系统2(不安装红外探测器26)的外形结构如图3，其中a为系统三维结构示意图；b为正视图，主要显示主次镜结构及安装关系；c为侧视图。
二维伺服随动系统3包括方位旋变组件31、方位电机32、方位机构33、俯仰电机34、俯仰机构35、俯仰旋变组件36、陀螺仪37。其中俯仰电机34和俯仰旋变组件36分别安置在俯仰机构35两侧，如图4a。方位旋变组 件31和方位电机32叠加放置在方位机构33轴心，方位机构33与其上方的俯仰机构35通过机械框架耦合控制宽波段光学系统2，实现俯仰和方位两维运动。
陀螺仪37置于宽波段光学系统2下(图4b和图4c)，测量宽波段光学系统2的空间绝对角速度和平台的角跟踪误差信号，作为反馈信号，实现扰动解耦、运动隔离。本发明实施例中的陀螺仪37采用光纤陀螺，抗过载能力特别强，成本适中。
二维伺服随动系统3采用位置、速度双回路反馈控制方案(如图4)。在搜索模式下，陀螺提供负载的角位置测量信号，通过位置反馈控制实现给定范围的搜索。在跟踪模式下，目标与负载的相对运动构成位置反馈，陀螺敏感负载的空间绝对角速度，作为速度反馈；陀螺测量出平台的角跟踪误差信号，通过校正装置和双回路反馈，控制探测器运动实现对目标的双平面跟踪。当载体扰动时，陀螺通道保证了负载指向对载体运动解耦，实现了视轴指向稳定功能。
红外光纤4用于实现宽光谱能量收集系统与光谱测量系统的耦合，在本发明实施例中科采用硫系玻璃光纤，其光谱透过曲线如图6。
傅里叶干涉光谱模块5用于将入射光进行干涉采样，并通过傅里叶变换获取红外光谱；本发明实施例中可以采用德国布鲁克(Bruker Optics)公司的光谱探测单元EM27或者过程控制光谱测量系统IRCube OEM，两者均采用迈克尔逊干涉仪体制，光谱分辨率2cm-1、4cm-1、8cm-1、16cm-1、32cm-1可选，测量光谱范围包括短、中、长波，采用斯特林或液氮制冷的MCT探测器。
图谱关联探测处理模块6包括图像处理单元61、通讯电平转换单元62、系统控制单元63、光谱处理单元64、数据存储单元65和数据融合总控单元66，见图7。其中，图像处理单元61主要对采集的红外图像进行图像增强、特征提取、分割等处理等，实现系统跟踪；通讯电平转换单元62通过 RS422接口与外界互联，主要实现模块间的电平转换功能；系统控制单元63通过串口对二维伺服随动系统3的电机进行运动控制；光谱处理单元64则主要通过Ethernet接口，对傅里叶干涉光谱模块5采集的红外光谱进行采集控制、数据预处理、辐射定标、光谱特征提取处理等。这三个模块的处理结果最终均反馈给数据融合总控单元66，进行数据融合处理，最终选择最优的系统控制策略进行数据采集，并通过数据存储单元65实现数据压缩、存储与下传。同时，数据融合总控单元66也与电源模块7、显示模块8进行交互，实现配置参数化、数据可视化等功能。
数据存储单元65可接受地面遥控指令，方便系统应用于动平台。同时，数据压缩存储可以大大减小数据量，减轻数据下行带宽压力，提高抗干扰能力。
本发明的工作原理为：目标场景的光线从光学头罩1入射，进入宽波段光学系统2，经主镜22和次镜21反射聚焦后经分光镜23分光，入射光中50％的长波红外光透过分光镜23经过长波成像透镜组24像差校正到达红外探测器26成像；入射光中的短、中波红外光和其余50％长波红外光经过分光镜反射后，经由宽光谱透镜组25聚焦在红外光纤耦合器27处，然后利用红外光纤4传输至傅里叶干涉光谱模块5形成干涉图，并最终获取红外光谱。图谱关联探测处理模块6通过各个分单元接收、处理、存储探测对象的图谱多维信息，并控制二维伺服随动系统3的运动改变系统光轴指向，进而实现目标的检测、跟踪。显示模块9利用图谱关联探测模块获取的数据，以图形化界面的形式展示当前系统获取的图谱信息，并实现简单的人机交互功能。
本发明提出了一种基于上述图谱关联探测系统的探测方法，参见图8，包括以下步骤：
(1)通过红外探测器26对目标场景成像，并将图像数据传输给图像处理单元61；
(2)图像处理单元61在图像序列中提取所有疑似目标以及目标位置坐标，并将信息反馈给数据融合总控单元66；
(3)数据融合总控单元66调用二维伺服随动系统3，控制宽波段光学系统2，依次将视场中心移动到上述目标位置，锁定目标；
(4)目标锁定后，数据融合总控单元66调用光谱处理单元64，利用傅里叶干涉光谱模块5获取目标的光谱数据，并标识目标已经测量；
(5)重复步骤(1)～(4)开始下一个采集周期，直到所有目标均已经采集结束。
本发明提出的图谱关联探测系统探测方法所述步骤(2)中疑似目标是指图像中紧密相连的若干像素点，其提取方法按照如下方式确定：
(21)对图像进行增强处理；其中图像增强处理的目的是突出潜在目标以及其所在的区域；
(22)对增强处理后的图像进行图像分割处理；可以采用阈值分割法对其进行图像分割处理；
(23)对分割处理后的图像进行膨胀腐蚀处理，得到感兴趣区；其中膨胀腐蚀处理是合并单个的残余像素点，消除干扰因素。
本发明提出的图谱关联探测系统探测方法所述步骤(4)中目标锁定按照如下方式确定：
(41)视场中心与目标相对位置关系稳定；
(42)目标在视场中心5个像素范围以内；
同时满足以上两条视为锁定成功，可以开始测量目标光谱。
本发明的动平台红外图谱关联探测系统及方法，不仅有效实现了图像和光谱信息的关联采集，而且能隔离动平台对探测系统的扰动，快速实现目标检测、跟踪与测量。
如图9，是本发明提出的图谱关联探测系统在机场实地测量的结果展示。图a和图b中显示民航飞机在跑道滑跑起飞过程，此时飞机发动机处 于开启状态，a中视场锁定飞机右侧发动机喷口，b中视场锁定地面指示灯。图c为上述目标锁定后采集的红外光谱，区间为2μm-5μm。从图c光谱曲线特征可以看出，飞机辐射光谱在4.18μm以及4.5μm处有明显的波峰，而地面指示灯则在2.2μm和2.35μm处有两个相对较小的波峰。
本领域的技术人员容易理解，以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种动平台红外图谱关联探测系统，包裹在防护性壳体内，其特征在于，包括光学头罩(1)，宽波段光学系统(2)，二维伺服随动系统(3)，红外光纤(4)，傅里叶干涉光谱模块(5)，图谱关联探测处理模块(6)，电源模块(7)和显示模块(8)；
    所述光学头罩(1)与壳体黏胶连接；所述宽波段光学系统(2)的质心与所述光学头罩(1)的球心重合，且所述宽波段光学系统(2)固定在所述二维伺服随动系统(3)俯仰机构上实现二维运动；
    所述二维伺服随动系统(3)的底座固定安装在壳体内部，所述二维伺服随动系统(3)的回转中心与所述宽波段光学系统(2)的质心轴重合；
    所述红外光纤(4)分别与所述宽波段光学系统(2)和所述傅里叶干涉光谱模块(5)柔性连接；所述傅里叶干涉光谱模块(5)通过弹簧固定在壳体内部；所述电源模块(7)用于给系统供电并提供通用电源接口；所述显示模块(8)镶嵌在壳体尾部外表面。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的动平台红外图谱关联探测系统，其特征在于，所述光学头罩(1)为采用eZnS材料作为基体材料，并进行加工成型、抛光以及镀膜后形成的球面结构。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的动平台红外图谱关联探测系统，其特征在于，所述宽波段光学系统(2)包括次镜(21)、主镜(22)、分光镜(23)、长波透镜组(24)、宽光谱透镜组(25)、红外探测器(26)和红外光纤耦合器(27)；
    所述次镜(21)和所述主镜(22)依次同轴放置，并构成卡式镜头；
    所述分光镜(23)的镜面中心与系统中心轴重合，且所述分光镜(23)的镜面与中心轴成45°放置，所述分光镜(23)的第一面镀制有分光膜，第二面镀有长波增透膜；
    所述长波透镜组(24)位于所述分光镜(23)的透射光路上，用于长波成像；
    所述宽光谱透镜组(25)位于所述分光镜(23)的反射光路上，用于校正宽光谱成像的位置色差和倍率色差，实现光谱能量收集；
    所述红外探测器(26)设置在所述长波透镜组(24)的尾部，所述长波透镜组(24)的出瞳与红外探测器内部感光面重合；
    所述红外光纤耦合器(27)设置在所述宽光谱透镜组(25)后部，所述红外光纤耦合器(27)的端面与所述宽光谱透镜组(25)的出瞳重合。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的动平台红外图谱关联探测系统，其特征在于，所述长波透镜组(24)包括依次同轴设置的第一凹透镜、第二凹透镜、第一平凸透镜、第三凹透镜和第二平凸透镜。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的动平台红外图谱关联探测系统，其特征在于，所述宽光谱透镜组(25)包括依次同轴放置的两个凹透镜、月牙形凸透镜，随后紧挨放置两个平凸透镜。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的动平台红外图谱关联探测系统，其特征在于，所述二维伺服随动系统(3)包括方位旋变组件(31)、方位电机(32)、方位机构(33)、俯仰电机(34)、俯仰机构(35)、俯仰旋变组件(36)和陀螺仪(37)；
    所述俯仰电机(34)和所述俯仰旋变组件(36)分别设置在所述俯仰机构(35)的两侧；
    所述方位旋变组件(31)和方位电机(32)叠加放置在方位机构(33)轴心，方位机构(33)与其上方的俯仰机构(35)通过机械框架耦合来控制所述宽波段光学系统(2)，实现俯仰和方位两维运动；
    所述陀螺仪(37)设置于所述宽波段光学系统(2)下方，用于测量所述宽波段光学系统(2)的空间绝对角速度和平台的角跟踪误差信号，并作为反馈信号实现扰动解耦和运动隔离。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的动平台红外图谱关联探测系统，其特征在于，所述陀螺仪(37)为光纤陀螺。
  8. 一种基于权利要求1‐7任一项所述的动平台红外图谱关联探测系统的探测方法，其特征在于，包括下述步骤：
    (1)通过红外探测对目标场景进行成像处理，并获得图像数据；
    (2)在所述图像数据的图像序列中提取所有疑似目标以及目标位置坐标信息；
    (3)根据所述所有疑似目标的位置坐标信息，依次将视场中心移动到上述目标位置来锁定目标；
    (4)当目标被锁定后，采集目标的红外光谱数据，并标记该目标已经被测量；
    (5)重复步骤(1)～(4)并开始下一个采集周期，直到所有目标的红外光谱数据均被采集。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的探测方法，其特征在于，在所述步骤(2)中，所述疑似目标是指图像中紧密相连的若干像素点，提取感兴趣区；具体包括：
    (21)对图像进行增强处理；
    (22)对增强处理后的图像进行分割处理；
    (23)对分割处理后的图像进行膨胀腐蚀处理并获得所述疑似目标。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的探测方法，其特征在于，当同时满足以下原则时，则认为目标锁定成功；
    其中原则(a)视场中心与目标相对位置关系稳定；原则(b)目标在视场中心5个像素范围以内。
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