WO2016106459A1 - Electro-pneumatic submersion/flotation unit for a remotely-controlled ballastable-type sinking system, and method for remotely operating said sinking system - Google Patents

Electro-pneumatic submersion/flotation unit for a remotely-controlled ballastable-type sinking system, and method for remotely operating said sinking system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016106459A1
WO2016106459A1 PCT/CL2015/000071 CL2015000071W WO2016106459A1 WO 2016106459 A1 WO2016106459 A1 WO 2016106459A1 CL 2015000071 W CL2015000071 W CL 2015000071W WO 2016106459 A1 WO2016106459 A1 WO 2016106459A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
immersion
flotation
unit
sinking
compressed air
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CL2015/000071
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Carlos Felipe Hurtado Ferreira
Mauricio Victoriano ARENAS CRISÓSTOMO
Original Assignee
Pontificia Universidad Católica De Valparaíso
Universidad de Concepción
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Application filed by Pontificia Universidad Católica De Valparaíso, Universidad de Concepción filed Critical Pontificia Universidad Católica De Valparaíso
Publication of WO2016106459A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016106459A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B22/00—Buoys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dip / float unit for rafts
  • an immersion / flotation unit is proposed, preferably an immersion / flotation unit that has a remote-operated electro-pneumatic system for sinking systems, driven by principles of buoyantness and weight, or of the last type.
  • the sinking system whatever it is, is connected by means of a hose to the electro-pneumatic system of the immersion / flotation unit, which depending on whether it is desired to empty or fill with water, air is introduced or released, respectively, allowing the raft system
  • This immersion / flotation unit with electro-pneumatic system of remote drive for the sinking system allows the controlled and uniform sinking of the same, against adverse oceanographic conditions or for safety reasons that put production or infrastructure at risk, as well as also, it improves the conditions of raising or fattening to greater or lesser depth, depending on each case; which is based on the configuration of an immersion / flotation unit with electro-pneumatic remote-drive system, which is connected to the submersible raft-cage system, operating the principle of buoyancy and weight, which allow the raft system to be submerged or refloated - cage at discretion.
  • the present invention corresponds to a remote-operated immersion / flotation unit, but preferably, to an immersion / flotation unit with electro-pneumatically remote-controlled system for sinking systems of the type that can be harvested for fish farming, which operates in the form It continues, allowing real-time responses to possible changes in the physical parameters of the place, such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, among other oceanographic variables.
  • it provides a real opportunity, not only for the development of crops in salmon farming, but also opens the door to fattening other potential resources in different marine areas.
  • the invention is based on a remote-operated immersion / flotation unit, but preferably, it is based on an immersion / flotation unit, with an electro-pneumatic system consisting of two segments wirelessly communicated according to their location and function, which comprises; a marine unit; Y
  • the marine unit which is located around the sinking system, ensuring the pneumatic connection, and which also allows the connection of remote equipment located nearby, has a remote base station, located in a buoy equipped for this purpose, which it is autonomous from the energy point of view, and is commanded from the land unit, in which the marine unit comprises; a buoy module, which allows to store data provided by temperature and oxygen sensors arranged in the buoy, as well as, comprises electric power load cells; in which the buoy module interacts with a terrestrial module, through control and / or consultation links.
  • the buoy module comprises an external structure that provides a sealed chamber, which provides adequate buoyancy and resistance to adverse weather and environmental conditions, and which also allows the provision of photovoltaic antennas and panels; and an internal structure for the provision of; at least one compressed air tank, electrical and electronic components, a telecommunications system, a control system, a pneumatic actuator system, an electrical energy system and an energy backup system;
  • control system to centralize, process and store data generated by sensors, and that interacts with the terrestrial module, receiving commands and queries;
  • an electro-pneumatic system of remote actuation which allows the sinking and flotation of the Balsa Red Anchoring (BRA) systems, by means of the extraction of compressed air, and the injection of compressed air, respectively, which comprises; control solenoid valves that allow; inject compressed air inside the immersion / flotation tank for flotation of the sinking system; or the ingress of water through the evacuation of compressed air from inside the immersion / flotation tank; block air flow to and from the immersion / flotation tank; the solenoid valves are of the normally closed type, also includes; pressure sensors, which monitor the reserve air pressures and the air pressure in the line that leads to the immersion / flotation tank, an air flow regulator that allows the sinking and / or flotation speed of the system to be controlled. sinking.
  • BRA Balsa Red Anchoring
  • an electric power system consisting of photovoltaic panels and / or wind turbines, with a charge controller and an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), which allows the continuous operation of the system, which provides power to the control system, by telecommunications system, monitoring sensors and pneumatic system;
  • UPS uninterruptible power supply
  • an energy backup system consisting of a bank of batteries that allows to provide the necessary energy according to its demand, in order to maintain the continuity of operation in periods without solar irradiation, in which the charge controller controls the battery bank charge;
  • a structure of the preferred, but not exclusive, pentagonal or dome type which may be arranged in the central upper part of the buoy, or in its interior, in which the electrical and electronic components of the sinking system are arranged and protected, generating space suitable for handling at least one compressed air tank;
  • the marine unit is of the modular type, adapting and providing the volume of air required by the particular sinking system to which it is coupled. Where said unit is autonomous from the energy point of view.
  • the remote base station centralizes the data generated by the pneumatic system and the sensors arranged in the buoy by means of a computational unit, and telecommunicates them with the terrestrial base station and with the remote equipment through radio frequency transceivers. In addition, it receives the commands coming from the ground unit, generated by the operator for the remote operation of the electro-pneumatic system.
  • the land unit which has a land base station, which allows the operator to access the information and remote control of the sinking system, includes;
  • a ground module for the configuration of the sinking system, the monitoring of the variables, the remote control of the buoyancy of the BRA systems, the recording of the activities carried out and the connection to a centralized database;
  • the ground base station of the land unit receives, transmits, stores and processes the data.
  • the operator has access to the information and command of the remote drive of the remote drive immersion / flotation unit.
  • the immersion / flotation unit with electro-pneumatic remote-drive system comprises; - remote monitoring and actuation software, which is composed of two main modules integrated in the remote base and ground base control system.
  • This software controls the remote sinking, which is activated by means of a ground user interface, considering the variables measured by the sensors arranged in the raft - cage and in the buoy.
  • it allows the visualization of the different flotation states and physical variables measured by the sensors, as well as, reports the data of the measured variables.
  • the ground base station is located in a pontoon or operating room, it has communication radio links, which provide a robust channel for monitoring and control functions between the land unit and the marine unit.
  • a data processing unit that houses the monitoring and control software, it is responsible for the management and deployment of data, through modules and interfaces, for device communication, data storage, system configuration, the monitoring of the operation and production variables, the remote control of the buoyancy of the BRA systems, the recording of the activities carried out and the connection to a centralized database.
  • Figure 1 schematically depicts a sinking system of the last-type type with immersion / flotation unit for bullets - submersible cage for fish farming;
  • Figure 2 schematically represents a land unit
  • Figure 3 schematically represents a marine unit
  • Figure 4 represents details of the marine unit shown in Figure 3; and Figures 5 and 6, represent the control panel.
  • the Figures show the sinking system 1 with immersion / flotation tank 2 for rafts - Submersible cage 3 for fish farming, where the sinking system is made up of a raft - cage 3, an immersion / flotation tank 2 connected by means of ropes 4, to the lower central part of the raft - cage, in addition it comprises, a dead weight 5 attached by means of ends 6, to the bottom of the immersion / flotation tank 2.
  • the immersion / flotation unit with electro-pneumatic remote-drive system comprises; a marine unit; Y
  • the marine unit 8 has a remote base station 9, located in a buoy 10 conditioned for this purpose, which is autonomous from the energy point of view, and is commanded from the land unit 7, in which the marine unit 8 comprises;
  • buoy module which allows to store data provided by temperature and oxygen sensors arranged in the buoy 10, as well as, comprises electric power load cells 11; in which the buoy module interacts with the ground unit 7, through control and / or consultation links.
  • the buoy module comprises; an external structure that provides a waterproof camera, which provides buoyancy, and adequate resistance to adverse weather and environmental conditions, and which also allows to provide photovoltaic antennas and panels; and an internal structure for the provision of; at least one compressed air tank 12, electrical and electronic components, a telecommunications system, a control system, a pneumatic actuator system, an electrical energy system and an energy backup system;
  • control system to centralize, process and store data generated by sensors, and that interacts with terrestrial module 7, receiving commands and queries;
  • a pneumatic actuator system with remote actuation which allows the sinking and flotation of BRA systems, by means of the extraction of compressed air, and the injection of compressed air, respectively, which comprises; control solenoid valves that allow; inject compressed air inside the immersion / flotation tank 2 for flotation of the sinking system 1; or the ingress of water through the evacuation of compressed air from the inside immersion / flotation tank 2; block the flow of air to and from the immersion / flotation tank 2; the solenoid valves are of the normally closed type, also includes; pressure sensors, which monitor the reserve air pressures and the air pressure in line 13 leading to the immersion / flotation tank 2, an air flow regulator that allows to control the sinking and / or flotation speed of the sinking system 1;
  • an electric power system consisting of photovoltaic panels and / or wind turbines 11 with a charge controller and an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), allows continuous operation of the system, which provides power to the control system, by telecommunications system, monitoring sensors and pneumatic system;
  • UPS uninterruptible power supply
  • an energy backup system consisting of a bank of batteries that allows to provide the necessary energy according to the demand of the latter, in order to maintain the continuity of operation in periods without solar irradiation, in which the charge controller, controls the charge of the battery bank;
  • a structure 14 of the preferred, but not exclusive, pentagonal or dome type which may be arranged in the central upper part of the buoy 10, or in its interior, in which the electrical and electronic components of the system are arranged and protected sinking 1, generating the appropriate space for handling at least one compressed air tank 12.
  • the buoy module is formed by a housing 20, which can be manufactured from a polymer, metal or other material appropriate to the operating conditions, and must be an extremely solid housing, so that water ingress is avoided , and consequently, maintain the Buoyancy and adequate resistance before adverse weather and environmental conditions.
  • a housing 20 which can be manufactured from a polymer, metal or other material appropriate to the operating conditions, and must be an extremely solid housing, so that water ingress is avoided , and consequently, maintain the Buoyancy and adequate resistance before adverse weather and environmental conditions.
  • the buoy module comprises a plurality of vertical cavities 21, but preferably inclined, arranged symmetrically around its longitudinal central axis, to provide at least one compressed air tank 12.
  • the buoy module comprises grip elements for handling.
  • the ground unit 7 which has a ground base station, which allows the operator to access the information and remote control of the sinking system 1, in which the land unit comprises;
  • a ground module for the configuration of the sinking system 1, the monitoring of the variables, the remote control of the buoyancy of the BRA systems, the recording of the activities carried out and the connection to a centralized database;
  • immersion / flotation unit with electro-pneumatic remote-drive system comprises;
  • a remote control and monitoring software which is composed of two main modules integrated in the remote base control system 8 and ground base 7.
  • This software controls the remote sinking, which is operated by means of a user interface in land, considering the variables measured by the sensors arranged in the raft - cage and in the buoy. In addition, it allows the visualization of the different flotation states and physical variables measured by the sensors, as well as, reports the data of the measured variables.
  • a marine unit 8 for the remote control of a sinking system 1 for submersible rafts - cages 3 for fish farming , wherein said marine unit 8 comprises;
  • a remote base station 9 located in a buoy 10 conditioned for this purpose, which is autonomous from the energy point of view, and is commanded from a land unit 7, in which the marine unit 8 comprises;
  • buoy module which allows to store data provided by temperature and oxygen sensors arranged in the buoy 10, as well as, comprises electric power load cells 11; in which the buoy module interacts with a ground unit 7, through control and / or consultation links.
  • the buoy module comprises; an external structure that provides a sealed chamber, which provides buoyancy, and adequate resistance to weather conditions and adverse environmental conditions, and which also allows to provide photovoltaic antennas and panels; and an internal structure for the provision of; at least one compressed air tank 12, electrical and electronic components, a telecommunications system, a control system, a pneumatic actuator system, an electrical energy system and an energy backup system;
  • control system to centralize, process and store data generated by sensors, and that interacts with the ground unit 7, receiving the commands and queries;
  • a pneumatic actuator system with remote actuation which allows the sinking and flotation of BRA systems, by means of the extraction of compressed air, and the injection of compressed air, respectively, which comprises; control solenoid valves that allow; inject compressed air inside the immersion / flotation tank 2 for flotation of the sinking system 1; or the ingress of water through the evacuation of compressed air from the inside immersion / flotation tank 2; block the flow of air to and from the immersion / flotation tank 2; the solenoid valves are of the normally closed type, also includes; pressure sensors, which monitor the reserve air pressures and the air pressure in line 13 leading to the immersion / flotation tank 2, an air flow regulator that allows to control the sinking and / or flotation speed of the sinking system 1;
  • An electric power system consisting of photovoltaic panels and / or wind turbines 11 with a charge controller and an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), allows continuous operation of the system, which provides power to the control system, to the system from telecommunications, to monitoring sensors and to the pneumatic system;
  • an energy backup system consisting of a bank of batteries that allows to provide the necessary energy according to its demand, in order to maintain the continuity of operation in periods without solar irradiation, in which the charge controller controls the battery bank charge;
  • At least one compressed air tank 12 At least one compressed air tank 12;
  • a structure 14 of the preferred, but not exclusive, pentagonal or dome type which may be arranged in the central upper part of the buoy 10, or in its interior, in which the electrical and electronic components of the system are arranged and protected.
  • sinking 1 generating the appropriate space for handling at least one compressed air tank 12.
  • remote monitoring and actuation software which is integrated in the remote base control system.
  • This software controls the remote sinking, and is operated by means of a ground user interface, considering the variables measured by the sensors arranged in the raft - cage and in the buoy. In addition, it allows the visualization of different flotation states and physical variables measured by the sensors, as well as, reports the data of the measured variables.
  • the buoy module is formed by a housing 20, which can be manufactured from a polymer, metal or other material appropriate to the operating conditions, and must be an extremely solid housing, so that water ingress is avoided , and consequently, maintain adequate buoyancy and resistance before adverse weather and environmental conditions.
  • a housing 20 which can be manufactured from a polymer, metal or other material appropriate to the operating conditions, and must be an extremely solid housing, so that water ingress is avoided , and consequently, maintain adequate buoyancy and resistance before adverse weather and environmental conditions.
  • the buoy module comprises a plurality of vertical cavities 21, but preferably inclined, arranged symmetrically around its longitudinal central axis, to provide at least one compressed air tank 12.
  • the buoy module comprises grip elements for handling.
  • a process for remotely operating an immersion / flotation unit with electro pneumatically operated remote system of a sinking system type 1 for rafts - submersible cages for fish culture is described. in which the method comprises;
  • A. - provide one or more rafts - cage
  • a marine unit 8 of the modular type at least 5 meters away from the one or more rafts - cage, which provides the volume of air required by the particular sinking system to which it is attached.
  • the marine unit is located around the sinking system, which has a remote base station 9, located in a buoy 10 equipped for this purpose, which is autonomous from the energy point of view, and is commanded from a land unit 7, in which the marine unit 8 comprises;
  • buoy module which allows to store data provided by temperature and oxygen sensors arranged in the buoy 10, as well as, comprises electric power load cells 11; in which the buoy module interacts with the ground unit 7, through control and / or consultation links.
  • the buoy module comprises; an external structure that provides a watertight chamber, which provides buoyancy, and adequate resistance to adverse weather and environmental conditions, and which also allows the provision of photovoltaic antennas and panels; and an internal structure for the provision of; at least one compressed air tank 12, electrical and electronic components, a telecommunications system, a control system, a pneumatic actuator system, an electrical energy system and an energy backup system;
  • a control system to centralize, process and store data generated by sensors, and that interacts with terrestrial module 7, receiving commands and queries;
  • a pneumatic actuator system with remote actuation which allows the sinking and flotation of BRA systems, by means of the extraction of compressed air, and the injection of compressed air, respectively, which comprises; control solenoid valves that allow; inject compressed air into the immersion / flotation tank 2 for flotation of the sinking system 1; or the ingress of water through the evacuation of compressed air from the inside immersion / flotation tank 2; block the flow of air to and from the immersion / flotation tank 2;
  • the solenoid valves are of the normally closed type, also includes; pressure sensors, which monitor the reserve air pressures and the air pressure in line 13 leading to the immersion / flotation tank 2, an air flow regulator that allows to control the sinking and / or flotation speed of the sinking system 1;
  • an electric power system consisting of photovoltaic panels and / or wind turbines 11 with a charge controller and with an uninterruptible power supply (UPS)
  • UPS uninterruptible power supply
  • an energy backup system consisting of a bank of batteries that allows to provide the necessary energy according to the demand of the latter, in order to maintain the continuity of operation in periods without solar irradiation, in which the charge controller, controls the charge of the battery bank;
  • a structure 14 of the preferred, but not exclusive, pentagonal or dome type which may be arranged in the central upper part of the buoy 10, or in its interior, in which the electrical and electronic components of the system are arranged and protected sinking 1, generating the appropriate space for handling at least one compressed air tank 12.
  • ground unit 7 that has a ground base station, which allows the operator to access the information and remote control of the sinking system, in which the land unit comprises;
  • a ground module for the configuration of the sinking system 1, the monitoring of the variables, the remote control of the buoyancy of the BRA systems, the recording of the activities carried out and connection to a centralized database;
  • D.- provide a remote control and monitoring software, which is composed of two main modules integrated in the remote base control system 8 and ground base 7.
  • This software controls the remote sinking, which is operated by means of an interface of land user, considering the variables measured by the sensors arranged in the raft - cage and in the buoy.
  • it allows the visualization of the different flotation states and physical variables measured by the sensors, as well as, reports the data of the measured variables.
  • E. - actuate the control solenoid valves, pressing the immersion switch 31 of the control panel 30 to start the immersion process, starting the evacuation of the air contained in the immersion / flotation tank, and initiating the entry of water to said immersion / flotation tank;
  • I. - actuate the control solenoid valves, by pressing the emersion switch 33 of the control panel 30 to start the refloating process, starting the introduction of air into the immersion / flotation tank, and initiating the evacuation of water from said tank immersion / flotation;
  • J.- verify the float level of the raft - cage;
  • K.- actuate the control solenoid valves, by pressing the close switch 32 of the control panel to end the refloating process, interrupting the introduction of air into the immersion / flotation tank, and interrupting the evacuation of water from inside it.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to an electro-pneumatic submersion/flotation unit for a remotely-controlled ballastable-type sinking system, comprising: (a) a submersion/flotation unit; (b) a marine unit arranged around the sinking system; (c) a land unit including a land base station; and (c) remote actuation and monitoring software. The invention also relates to the method for remotely operating the submersion/flotation unit.

Description

UNIDAD DE INMERSIÓN/FLOTACIÓN ELECTRO NEUMÁTICA PARA UN SISTEMA DE HUNDIMIENTO DEL TIPO LASTREABLE, CONTROLADO EN FORMA REMOTA; Y UN PROCESO PARA OPERAR EN FORMA REMOTA DICHO SISTEMA DE HUNDIMIENTO.  PNEUMATIC ELECTRO FLOAT IMMERSION / FLOAT UNIT FOR A LASTREABLE TYPE SUNK SYSTEM, CONTROLLED REMOTELY; AND A PROCESS FOR REMOTE OPERATION OF THE SUNK SYSTEM.
Sector Técnico Technical Sector
La presente invención se refiere a una unidad de inmersión/flotación para balsasThe present invention relates to a dip / float unit for rafts
- jaula sumergibles para el cultivo de peces, y más específicamente, a una unidad de inmersión/flotación electro neumática para un sistema de hundimiento del tipo lastreable, controlado en forma remota; y a un proceso para operar en forma remota dicho sistema de hundimiento del tipo lastreable. - submersible cage for the cultivation of fish, and more specifically, to an electro-pneumatic immersion / flotation unit for a sinking system of the resealable type, remotely controlled; and to a process to remotely operate said sinking system of the last-type type.
Técnica anterior Prior art
Para el confinamiento y cultivo de peces, son ampliamente utilizadas a nivel mundial las balsas - jaula flotantes, situando esta actividad principalmente en el borde costero, asociado a zonas protegidas o semi-expuestas, provocando en algunos casos, crisis sanitarias causadas por patógenos como bacterias, virus o ectoparásitos. For the confinement and culture of fish, floating rafts - cages are widely used worldwide, placing this activity mainly on the coastal edge, associated with protected or semi-exposed areas, causing in some cases, health crises caused by pathogens such as bacteria , virus or ectoparasites.
Por lo anterior, la industria acuícola ha buscado nuevas zonas de cultivo o engorda para descomprimir la zona costera, así como también se ha ubicado en zonas donde las variables químicas, biológicas y físicas, aumenten la eficiencia en la productividad. Sin embargo, este tipo de zonas que se alejan de la costa, conocidas como zonas "off shore", se caracterizan por sus altos niveles de energía, principalmente, por corrientes u oleajes, denominadas como zonas expuestas. Considerando, que estas zonas comúnmente se encuentran expuestas a tormentas que causan oleajes de gran magnitud, y para evitar o minimizar los consecuentes efectos no deseados, se requiere el desarrollo de tecnologías de balsas - jaulas con sistemas de hundimiento, que permitan sumergir la unidad de cultivo frente a condiciones climáticas adversas que pongan en peligro, tanto la producción de peces, como la infraestructura de confinamiento. For this reason, the aquaculture industry has sought new cultivation or fattening areas to decompress the coastal zone, as well as being located in areas where chemical, biological and physical variables increase productivity efficiency. However, these types of areas that move away from the coast, known as "off shore" areas, are characterized by their high energy levels, mainly by currents or waves, referred to as exposed areas. Considering that these areas are commonly exposed to storms that cause waves of great magnitude, and to avoid or minimize the consequent unwanted effects, the development of raft technologies - cages with sinking systems is required, which allow the unit to be submerged. cultivation in the face of adverse climatic conditions that endanger both fish production and the confinement infrastructure.
De esta forma, y para mejorar sustancialmente las condiciones de cultivo en ambientes geográficos adversos, se propone una unidad de inmersión/flotación, preferentemente una unidad de inmersión/flotación que dispone de un sistema electro neumático de accionamiento remoto para sistemas de hundimiento, accionado por principios de boyantez y peso, o del tipo lastreable. In this way, and in order to substantially improve the cultivation conditions in adverse geographical environments, an immersion / flotation unit is proposed, preferably an immersion / flotation unit that has a remote-operated electro-pneumatic system for sinking systems, driven by principles of buoyantness and weight, or of the last type.
El sistema de hundimiento, cualquiera que sea, se conecta mediante una manguera con el sistema electro neumático de la unidad de inmersión/flotación de accionamiento remoto, que dependiendo si se desea vaciar o llenar con agua, se ingresa o se libera aire, respectivamente, permitiendo que el sistema de balsaThe sinking system, whatever it is, is connected by means of a hose to the electro-pneumatic system of the immersion / flotation unit, which depending on whether it is desired to empty or fill with water, air is introduced or released, respectively, allowing the raft system
- jaula, quede en la superficie, o se hunda a la profundidad que el operador desee, según sea el caso requerido. - cage, stay on the surface, or sink to the depth that the operator wants, as the case may be.
i Esta unidad de inmersión/flotación con sistema electro neumático de accionamiento remoto para el sistema de hundimiento, permite el hundimiento controlado y uniforme del mismo, frente a condiciones oceanográficas adversas o por razones de seguridad que pongan en riesgo la producción o la infraestructura, así como también, mejora las condiciones de crianza o engorda a mayor o menor profundidad, dependiendo de cada caso; la cual se basa en la configuración de una unidad de inmersión/flotación con sistema electro neumático de accionamiento remoto, que está conectada al sistema balsa - jaula sumergible, operando el principio de boyantez y peso, que permiten sumergir o reflotar el sistema de balsa - jaula a discreción. i This immersion / flotation unit with electro-pneumatic system of remote drive for the sinking system, allows the controlled and uniform sinking of the same, against adverse oceanographic conditions or for safety reasons that put production or infrastructure at risk, as well as also, it improves the conditions of raising or fattening to greater or lesser depth, depending on each case; which is based on the configuration of an immersion / flotation unit with electro-pneumatic remote-drive system, which is connected to the submersible raft-cage system, operating the principle of buoyancy and weight, which allow the raft system to be submerged or refloated - cage at discretion.
Finalmente, es importante mencionar que los sistemas convencionales de balsa - jaula sumergibles basados en el principio de hundimiento por boyantez - peso mediante sistemas lastreables, tienen el inconveniente, en cuanto a la operación de hundimiento y reflotación, de requerir en la actualidad de una embarcación de apoyo para el desplazamiento del operador y la correspondiente logística, hasta el lugar de ubicación de las balsas - jaula. En este sentido, el prescindir de esta embarcación, la operación se pudiese realizar bajo cualquier condición climática imperante en la zona de cultivo. Finally, it is important to mention that conventional submersible raft-cage systems based on the principle of sinking by buoyantness-weight by means of ballast systems, have the disadvantage, in terms of the sinking and refloating operation, of currently requiring a boat of support for the movement of the operator and the corresponding logistics, to the place of location of the rafts - cage. In this sense, dispensing with this vessel, the operation could be carried out under any climatic condition prevailing in the cultivation area.
Breve descripción de la invención Brief Description of the Invention
La presente invención corresponde a una unidad de inmersión/flotación de accionamiento remoto, pero preferentemente, a una unidad de inmersión/flotación con sistema electro neumático de accionamiento remoto para sistemas de hundimiento del tipo lastreable para el cultivo de peces, el cual opera en forma continua, permitiendo dar respuestas en tiempo real ante eventuales cambios en los parámetros físicos del lugar, tal como temperatura, oxígeno disuelto, entre otras variables oceanográficas. Ventajosamente, brinda una oportunidad real, no sólo para el desarrollo de cultivos en la salmonicultura, sino que también abre la puerta a la engorda de otros recursos potenciales en distintas zonas marinas. The present invention corresponds to a remote-operated immersion / flotation unit, but preferably, to an immersion / flotation unit with electro-pneumatically remote-controlled system for sinking systems of the type that can be harvested for fish farming, which operates in the form It continues, allowing real-time responses to possible changes in the physical parameters of the place, such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, among other oceanographic variables. Advantageously, it provides a real opportunity, not only for the development of crops in salmon farming, but also opens the door to fattening other potential resources in different marine areas.
La invención radica en una unidad de inmersión/flotación de accionamiento remoto, pero preferentemente, radica en una unidad de inmersión/flotación, con sistema electro neumático conformado por dos segmentos comunicados inalámbricamente de acuerdo a su ubicación y función, la cual comprende; una unidad marina; y The invention is based on a remote-operated immersion / flotation unit, but preferably, it is based on an immersion / flotation unit, with an electro-pneumatic system consisting of two segments wirelessly communicated according to their location and function, which comprises; a marine unit; Y
una unidad terrestre. A land unit.
La unidad marina, la cual se ubica en torno al sistema de hundimiento, asegurando la conexión neumática, y que además, permite conectar equipos remotos ubicados en las cercanías, tiene una estación base remota, ubicada en una boya acondicionada para tal efecto, la cual es autónoma desde el punto de vista energético, y es comandada desde la unidad terrestre, en que la unidad marina comprende; un módulo de boya, que permite almacenar datos proporcionados por sensores de temperatura y oxígeno dispuestos en la boya, así como también, comprende celdas de carga de energía eléctrica; en que el módulo de boya, interactúa con un módulo terrestre, por medio de enlaces de control y/o consulta. Además el módulo de boya comprende, una estructura externa que provee una cámara estanca, que proporciona flotabilidad y resistencia adecuada ante condiciones climatológicas y ambientales adversas, y que además, permite disponer antenas y paneles fotovoltaicos; y una estructura interna para la disposición de; al menos un estanque de aire comprimido, componentes eléctricos y electrónicos, un sistema de telecomunicaciones, un sistema de control, un sistema actuador neumático, un sistema de energía eléctrica y un sistema de respaldo de energía; The marine unit, which is located around the sinking system, ensuring the pneumatic connection, and which also allows the connection of remote equipment located nearby, has a remote base station, located in a buoy equipped for this purpose, which it is autonomous from the energy point of view, and is commanded from the land unit, in which the marine unit comprises; a buoy module, which allows to store data provided by temperature and oxygen sensors arranged in the buoy, as well as, comprises electric power load cells; in which the buoy module interacts with a terrestrial module, through control and / or consultation links. In addition, the buoy module comprises an external structure that provides a sealed chamber, which provides adequate buoyancy and resistance to adverse weather and environmental conditions, and which also allows the provision of photovoltaic antennas and panels; and an internal structure for the provision of; at least one compressed air tank, electrical and electronic components, a telecommunications system, a control system, a pneumatic actuator system, an electrical energy system and an energy backup system;
un sistema de telecomunicaciones, que proporciona los enlaces con la unidad terrestre; a telecommunications system, which provides links to the land unit;
un sistema de control, para centralizar, procesar y almacenar datos generados por sensores, y que interactúa con el módulo terrestre, recibiendo los comandos y consultas; a control system, to centralize, process and store data generated by sensors, and that interacts with the terrestrial module, receiving commands and queries;
un sistema electro neumático de accionamiento remoto, que permite el hundimiento y flotación de los sistemas Balsa Red Anclaje (BRA), por medio de la extracción de aire comprimido, y la inyección de aire comprimido, respectivamente, el cual comprende; electroválvulas de control que permiten; inyectar aire comprimido interior del tanque de inmersión/flotación para la flotación del sistema de hundimiento; o el ingreso de agua por medio de la evacuación del aire comprimido desde el interior del tanque de inmersión/flotación; bloquear el flujo de aire desde y hacia el tanque de inmersión/flotación; las electroválvulas son del tipo normalmente cerradas, además comprende; sensores de presión, que monitorean las presiones de aire de reserva y la presión de aire en la línea que conduce hacia el tanque de inmersión/flotación, un regulador de flujo de aire que permite controlar la velocidad de hundimiento y/o flotación del sistema de hundimiento. an electro-pneumatic system of remote actuation, which allows the sinking and flotation of the Balsa Red Anchoring (BRA) systems, by means of the extraction of compressed air, and the injection of compressed air, respectively, which comprises; control solenoid valves that allow; inject compressed air inside the immersion / flotation tank for flotation of the sinking system; or the ingress of water through the evacuation of compressed air from inside the immersion / flotation tank; block air flow to and from the immersion / flotation tank; the solenoid valves are of the normally closed type, also includes; pressure sensors, which monitor the reserve air pressures and the air pressure in the line that leads to the immersion / flotation tank, an air flow regulator that allows the sinking and / or flotation speed of the system to be controlled. sinking.
un sistema de energía eléctrica, que consta de paneles fotovoltaicos y/o aerogeneradores, con un controlador de carga y con una unidad de alimentación ininterrumpida (UPS), que permite el funcionamiento continuo del sistema, el cual proporciona energía al sistema de control, al sistema de telecomunicaciones, a los sensores de monitoreo y al sistema neumático; an electric power system, consisting of photovoltaic panels and / or wind turbines, with a charge controller and an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), which allows the continuous operation of the system, which provides power to the control system, by telecommunications system, monitoring sensors and pneumatic system;
un sistema de respaldo de energía, que consta de un banco de baterías que permite proporcionar la energía necesaria según la demanda de ésta, con la finalidad de mantener la continuidad de operación en los periodos sin irradiación solar, en que el controlador de carga, controla la carga del banco de baterías; an energy backup system, consisting of a bank of batteries that allows to provide the necessary energy according to its demand, in order to maintain the continuity of operation in periods without solar irradiation, in which the charge controller controls the battery bank charge;
al menos un estanque de aire comprimido; at least one compressed air pond;
una estructura del tipo preferente, pero no exclusivo, pentagonal o domo, la cual puede estar dispuesta en la parte superior central de la boya, o en su interior, en la cual se disponen y protegen los componentes eléctricos y electrónicos del sistema de hundimiento, generando el espacio apropiado para la manipulación de al menos un estanque de aire comprimido; a structure of the preferred, but not exclusive, pentagonal or dome type, which may be arranged in the central upper part of the buoy, or in its interior, in which the electrical and electronic components of the sinking system are arranged and protected, generating space suitable for handling at least one compressed air tank;
La unidad marina, es del tipo modular, adaptándose y proporcionando el volumen de aire requerido por el sistema de hundimiento particular al cual se acople. Donde dicha unidad es autónoma desde el punto de vista energético. The marine unit is of the modular type, adapting and providing the volume of air required by the particular sinking system to which it is coupled. Where said unit is autonomous from the energy point of view.
La estación base remota centraliza los datos generados por el sistema neumático y los sensores dispuestos en la boya mediante una unidad computacional, y los telecomunica con la estación base terrestre y con los equipos remotos mediante transceptores de radiofrecuencia. Además, recepciona los comandos provenientes de la unidad terrestre, generados por el operador para el accionamiento remoto del sistema electro neumático. The remote base station centralizes the data generated by the pneumatic system and the sensors arranged in the buoy by means of a computational unit, and telecommunicates them with the terrestrial base station and with the remote equipment through radio frequency transceivers. In addition, it receives the commands coming from the ground unit, generated by the operator for the remote operation of the electro-pneumatic system.
La unidad terrestre, que tiene una estación base terrestre, que le permite al operador acceder a la información y control remoto del sistema de hundimiento, comprende; The land unit, which has a land base station, which allows the operator to access the information and remote control of the sinking system, includes;
- un módulo terrestre para la configuración del sistema de hundimiento, el monitoreo de las variables, el control remoto de la flotabilidad de los sistemas BRA, el registro de las actividades realizadas y la conexión a una base de datos centralizada;  - a ground module for the configuration of the sinking system, the monitoring of the variables, the remote control of the buoyancy of the BRA systems, the recording of the activities carried out and the connection to a centralized database;
- un sistema de telecomunicaciones, que proporciona un enlace robusto de monitoreo y control entre la unidad terrestre y la unidad marina;  - a telecommunications system, which provides a robust monitoring and control link between the land unit and the marine unit;
- una interfaz que despliega e interactúa con cada uno de los sistemas base - remoto de la unidad marina; y  - an interface that displays and interacts with each of the base - remote systems of the marine unit; Y
- un panel de control;  - a control panel;
La estación base terrestre de la unidad terrestre, recepciona, transmite, almacena y procesa los datos. Además, el operador tiene acceso a la información y al comando del accionamiento remoto de la unidad de inmersión/flotación de accionamiento remoto. The ground base station of the land unit receives, transmits, stores and processes the data. In addition, the operator has access to the information and command of the remote drive of the remote drive immersion / flotation unit.
Adicionalmente, la unidad de inmersión/flotación con sistema electro neumático de accionamiento remoto, comprende; - un software de monitoreo y accionamiento remoto, el cual está compuesto por dos módulos principales integrados en el sistema de control base remoto y base terrestre. Este software controla el hundimiento remoto, el cual se acciona por medio de una interfaz de usuario en tierra, considerando las variables medidas por los sensores dispuestos en la balsa - jaula y en la boya. Además, permite la visualización de los diferentes estados de flotación y variables físicas medidas por los sensores, así como también, reporta los datos de las variables medidas. Additionally, the immersion / flotation unit with electro-pneumatic remote-drive system comprises; - remote monitoring and actuation software, which is composed of two main modules integrated in the remote base and ground base control system. This software controls the remote sinking, which is activated by means of a ground user interface, considering the variables measured by the sensors arranged in the raft - cage and in the buoy. In addition, it allows the visualization of the different flotation states and physical variables measured by the sensors, as well as, reports the data of the measured variables.
Del punto de vista del hardware, la estación base terrestre se ubica en un pontón o sala de operaciones, dispone de radioenlaces de comunicación, que proporcionan un canal robusto para las funciones de monitoreo y control entre la unidad terrestre y la unidad marina. Además de una unidad de procesamiento de datos que aloja el software de monitoreo y control, éste se encarga de la gestión y despliegue de los datos, por medio de módulos e interfaces, para la comunicación de dispositivos, almacenamiento de datos, configuración del sistema, el monitoreo de las variables de operación y producción, el control remoto de la flotabilidad de los sistemas BRA, el registro de las actividades realizadas y la conexión a una base de datos centralizada. From the point of view of the hardware, the ground base station is located in a pontoon or operating room, it has communication radio links, which provide a robust channel for monitoring and control functions between the land unit and the marine unit. In addition to a data processing unit that houses the monitoring and control software, it is responsible for the management and deployment of data, through modules and interfaces, for device communication, data storage, system configuration, the monitoring of the operation and production variables, the remote control of the buoyancy of the BRA systems, the recording of the activities carried out and the connection to a centralized database.
Breve descripción de las figuras Brief description of the figures
En las figuras que se acompañan se ilustra, a modo de ejemplo, una realización de la presente invención. En dichas figuras, los mismos números de referencia indican elementos idénticos o similares, donde: An accompanying embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in the accompanying figures. In these figures, the same reference numbers indicate identical or similar elements, where:
La Figura 1 , representa esquemáticamente un sistema de hundimiento del tipo lastreable con unidad de inmersión/flotación para balas - jaula sumergible para el cultivo de peces;  Figure 1 schematically depicts a sinking system of the last-type type with immersion / flotation unit for bullets - submersible cage for fish farming;
La Figura 2, representa esquemáticamente una unidad terrestre;  Figure 2 schematically represents a land unit;
La Figura 3, representa esquemáticamente una unidad marina; y Figure 3 schematically represents a marine unit; Y
La Figura 4, representa detalles de la unidad marina mostrada en la figura 3; y Las Figuras 5 y 6, representan el panel de control. Figure 4 represents details of the marine unit shown in Figure 3; and Figures 5 and 6, represent the control panel.
Divulgación de la Invención Disclosure of the Invention
A modo de ejemplo, y sin limitar la invención a una unidad de inmersión/flotación electro neumática para un sistema de hundimiento con tanque de inmersión/flotación lastreable, las Figuras muestran el sistema de hundimiento 1 con tanque de inmersión/flotación 2 para balsas - jaula sumergibles 3 para el cultivo de peces, donde el sistema de hundimiento está conformado por, una balsa - jaula 3, un tanque de inmersión/flotación 2 unido por medio de cabos 4, a la parte central inferior de la balsa - jaula, además comprende, un peso muerto 5 unido por medio de cabos 6, a la parte inferior del tanque de inmersión/flotación 2. By way of example, and without limiting the invention to an electro-pneumatic immersion / flotation unit for a sinking system with an immersion / flotation tank, the Figures show the sinking system 1 with immersion / flotation tank 2 for rafts - Submersible cage 3 for fish farming, where the sinking system is made up of a raft - cage 3, an immersion / flotation tank 2 connected by means of ropes 4, to the lower central part of the raft - cage, in addition it comprises, a dead weight 5 attached by means of ends 6, to the bottom of the immersion / flotation tank 2.
Específicamente, la unidad de inmersión/flotación con sistema electro neumático de accionamiento remoto comprende; una unidad marina; y  Specifically, the immersion / flotation unit with electro-pneumatic remote-drive system comprises; a marine unit; Y
una unidad terrestre. A land unit.
La unidad marina 8 tiene una estación base remota 9, ubicada en una boya 10 acondicionada para tal efecto, la cual es autónoma desde el punto de vista energético, y es comandada desde la unidad terrestre 7, en que la unidad marina 8, comprende; The marine unit 8 has a remote base station 9, located in a buoy 10 conditioned for this purpose, which is autonomous from the energy point of view, and is commanded from the land unit 7, in which the marine unit 8 comprises;
- un módulo de boya, que permite almacenar datos proporcionados por sensores de temperatura y oxígeno dispuestos en la boya 10, así como también, comprende celdas de carga de energía eléctrica 11 ; en que el módulo de boya, interactúa con la unidad terrestre 7, por medio de enlaces de control y/o consulta. Además el módulo de boya comprende; una estructura externa que provee una cámara estanca, que proporciona flotabilidad, y resistencia adecuada ante condiciones climatológicas y ambientales adversas, y que además, permite disponer antenas y paneles fotovoltaicos; y una estructura interna para la disposición de; al menos un estanque de aire comprimido 12, componentes eléctricos y electrónicos, un sistema de telecomunicaciones, un sistema de control, un sistema actuador neumático, un sistema de energía eléctrica y un sistema de respaldo de energía; - a buoy module, which allows to store data provided by temperature and oxygen sensors arranged in the buoy 10, as well as, comprises electric power load cells 11; in which the buoy module interacts with the ground unit 7, through control and / or consultation links. In addition the buoy module comprises; an external structure that provides a waterproof camera, which provides buoyancy, and adequate resistance to adverse weather and environmental conditions, and which also allows to provide photovoltaic antennas and panels; and an internal structure for the provision of; at least one compressed air tank 12, electrical and electronic components, a telecommunications system, a control system, a pneumatic actuator system, an electrical energy system and an energy backup system;
- un sistema de telecomunicaciones, que proporciona los enlaces con la unidad terrestre 7;  - a telecommunications system, which provides links to the ground unit 7;
- un sistema de control, para centralizar, procesar y almacenar datos generados por sensores, y que interactúa con el módulo terrestre 7, recibiendo los comandos y consultas;  - a control system, to centralize, process and store data generated by sensors, and that interacts with terrestrial module 7, receiving commands and queries;
- un sistema actuador neumático de accionamiento remoto, que permite el hundimiento y flotación de los sistemas BRA, por medio de la extracción de aire comprimido, y la inyección de aire comprimido, respectivamente, el cual comprende; electroválvulas de control que permiten; inyectar aire comprimido interior del tanque de inmersión/flotación 2 para la flotación del sistema de hundimiento 1 ; o el ingreso de agua por medio de la evacuación del aire comprimido desde el interior tanque de inmersión/flotación 2; bloquear el flujo de aire desde y hacia el tanque de inmersión/flotación 2; las electroválvulas son del tipo normalmente cerradas, además comprende; sensores de presión, que monitorean las presiones de aire de reserva y la presión de aire en la línea 13 que conduce hacia el tanque de inmersión/flotación 2, un regulador de flujo de aire que permite controlar la velocidad de hundimiento y/o flotación del sistema de hundimiento 1 ;  - a pneumatic actuator system with remote actuation, which allows the sinking and flotation of BRA systems, by means of the extraction of compressed air, and the injection of compressed air, respectively, which comprises; control solenoid valves that allow; inject compressed air inside the immersion / flotation tank 2 for flotation of the sinking system 1; or the ingress of water through the evacuation of compressed air from the inside immersion / flotation tank 2; block the flow of air to and from the immersion / flotation tank 2; the solenoid valves are of the normally closed type, also includes; pressure sensors, which monitor the reserve air pressures and the air pressure in line 13 leading to the immersion / flotation tank 2, an air flow regulator that allows to control the sinking and / or flotation speed of the sinking system 1;
- un sistema de energía eléctrica, que consta de paneles fotovoltaicos y/o aerogenradores 11 con un controlador de carga y con una unidad de alimentación ininterrumpida (UPS), permite el funcionamiento continuo del sistema, el cual proporciona energía al sistema de control, al sistema de telecomunicaciones, a los sensores de monitoreo y al sistema neumático; - an electric power system, consisting of photovoltaic panels and / or wind turbines 11 with a charge controller and an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), allows continuous operation of the system, which provides power to the control system, by telecommunications system, monitoring sensors and pneumatic system;
- un sistema de respaldo de energía, que consta de un banco de baterías que permite proporcionar la energía necesaria según la demanda de ésta, con la finalidad de mantener la continuidad de operación en los periodos sin irradiación solar, en que el controlador de carga, controla la carga del banco de baterías; - an energy backup system, consisting of a bank of batteries that allows to provide the necessary energy according to the demand of the latter, in order to maintain the continuity of operation in periods without solar irradiation, in which the charge controller, controls the charge of the battery bank;
- al menos un estanque de aire comprimido 12;  - at least one compressed air tank 12;
- una estructura 14 del tipo preferente, pero no exclusivo, pentagonal o domo, la cual puede estar dispuesta en la parte superior central de la boya 10, o en su interior, en la cual se disponen y protegen los componentes eléctricos y electrónicos del sistema de hundimiento 1 , generando el espacio apropiado para la manipulación de al menos un estanque de aire comprimido 12.  - a structure 14 of the preferred, but not exclusive, pentagonal or dome type, which may be arranged in the central upper part of the buoy 10, or in its interior, in which the electrical and electronic components of the system are arranged and protected sinking 1, generating the appropriate space for handling at least one compressed air tank 12.
Donde el módulo de boya, está conformado por una carcasa 20, que puede ser fabricada a partir de un polímero, metal u otro material apropiado a las condiciones de operación, debiendo ser una carcasa extremadamente sólida, de manera que se evite el ingreso de agua, y en consecuencia, mantener la flotabilidad y resistencia adecuada antes condiciones climatológicas y ambientales adversas. Además, comprende una pluralidad de cavidades verticales 21 , pero preferentemente inclinadas, dispuestas simétricamente alrededor de su eje central longitudinal, para disponer al menos un estanque de aire comprimido 12. Asimismo, el módulo de boya comprende elementos de agarre para su manipulación. Where the buoy module, is formed by a housing 20, which can be manufactured from a polymer, metal or other material appropriate to the operating conditions, and must be an extremely solid housing, so that water ingress is avoided , and consequently, maintain the Buoyancy and adequate resistance before adverse weather and environmental conditions. In addition, it comprises a plurality of vertical cavities 21, but preferably inclined, arranged symmetrically around its longitudinal central axis, to provide at least one compressed air tank 12. Also, the buoy module comprises grip elements for handling.
La unidad terrestre 7, que tiene una estación base terrestre, que le permite al operador acceder a la información y al control remoto del sistema de hundimiento 1 , en que la unidad terrestre comprende; The ground unit 7, which has a ground base station, which allows the operator to access the information and remote control of the sinking system 1, in which the land unit comprises;
- un módulo terrestre para la configuración del sistema de hundimiento 1 , el monitoreo de las variables, el control remoto de la flotabilidad de los sistemas BRA el registro de las actividades realizadas y la conexión a una base de datos centralizada; - a ground module for the configuration of the sinking system 1, the monitoring of the variables, the remote control of the buoyancy of the BRA systems, the recording of the activities carried out and the connection to a centralized database;
- un sistema de telecomunicaciones, que proporciona un enlace robusto de monitoreo y control entre la unidad terrestre 7 y una unidad marina 8; - a telecommunications system, which provides a robust monitoring and control link between land unit 7 and a marine unit 8;
- una interfaz que despliega e interactúa con cada uno de los sistemas base - remoto en la unidad marina; y - an interface that deploys and interacts with each of the base - remote systems in the marine unit; Y
- un panel de control.  - a control panel.
Adicionalmente, la unidad de inmersión/flotación con sistema electro neumático de accionamiento remoto, comprende;  Additionally, the immersion / flotation unit with electro-pneumatic remote-drive system comprises;
- un software de monitoreo y accionamiento remoto, el cual está compuesto por dos módulos principales integrados en el sistema de control base remoto 8 y base terrestre 7. Este software controla el hundimiento remoto, el cual se acciona por medio de una interfaz de usuario en tierra, considerando las variables medidas por los sensores dispuestos en la balsa - jaula y en la boya. Además, permite la visualización de los diferentes estados de flotación y variables físicas medidas por los sensores, así como también, reporta los datos de las variables medidas.  - a remote control and monitoring software, which is composed of two main modules integrated in the remote base control system 8 and ground base 7. This software controls the remote sinking, which is operated by means of a user interface in land, considering the variables measured by the sensors arranged in the raft - cage and in the buoy. In addition, it allows the visualization of the different flotation states and physical variables measured by the sensors, as well as, reports the data of the measured variables.
Modalidad alternativa de la invención: Alternative modality of the invention:
En una realización adicional de la invención, a modo de ejemplo, y sin limitar la invención a la modalidad descrita, se reivindica una unidad marina 8 para el control remoto de un sistema de hundimiento 1 para balsas - jaula sumergibles 3 para el cultivo de peces, en que dicha unidad marina 8 comprende; In a further embodiment of the invention, by way of example, and without limiting the invention to the described embodiment, a marine unit 8 is claimed for the remote control of a sinking system 1 for submersible rafts - cages 3 for fish farming , wherein said marine unit 8 comprises;
- una estación base remota 9, ubicada en una boya 10 acondicionada para tal efecto, la cual es autónoma desde el punto de vista energético, y es comandada desde una unidad terrestre 7, en que la unidad marina 8, comprende;  - a remote base station 9, located in a buoy 10 conditioned for this purpose, which is autonomous from the energy point of view, and is commanded from a land unit 7, in which the marine unit 8 comprises;
- un módulo de boya, que permite almacenar datos proporcionados por sensores de temperatura y oxígeno dispuestos en la boya 10, así como también, comprende celdas de carga de energía eléctrica 11 ; en que el módulo de boya, interactúa con una unidad terrestre 7, por medio de enlaces de control y/o consulta. Además el módulo de boya comprende; una estructura externa que provee una cámara estanca, que proporciona flotabilidad, y resistencia adecuada ante condiciones climatológicas y ambientales adversas, y que además, permite disponer antenas y paneles fotovoltaicos; y una estructura interna para la disposición de; al menos un estanque de aire comprimido 12, componentes eléctricos y electrónicos, un sistema de telecomunicaciones, un sistema de control, un sistema actuador neumático, un sistema de energía eléctrica y un sistema de respaldo de energía; - a buoy module, which allows to store data provided by temperature and oxygen sensors arranged in the buoy 10, as well as, comprises electric power load cells 11; in which the buoy module interacts with a ground unit 7, through control and / or consultation links. In addition the buoy module comprises; an external structure that provides a sealed chamber, which provides buoyancy, and adequate resistance to weather conditions and adverse environmental conditions, and which also allows to provide photovoltaic antennas and panels; and an internal structure for the provision of; at least one compressed air tank 12, electrical and electronic components, a telecommunications system, a control system, a pneumatic actuator system, an electrical energy system and an energy backup system;
un sistema de telecomunicaciones, que proporciona los enlaces con la unidad terrestre 7; a telecommunications system, which provides links to the ground unit 7;
un sistema de control, para centralizar, procesar y almacenar datos generados por sensores, y que interactúa con la unidad terrestre 7, recibiendo los comandos y consultas; a control system, to centralize, process and store data generated by sensors, and that interacts with the ground unit 7, receiving the commands and queries;
un sistema actuador neumático de accionamiento remoto, que permite el hundimiento y flotación de los sistemas BRA, por medio de la extracción de aire comprimido, y la inyección de aire comprimido, respectivamente, el cual comprende; electroválvulas de control que permiten; inyectar aire comprimido interior del tanque de inmersión/flotación 2 para la flotación del sistema de hundimiento 1 ; o el ingreso de agua por medio de la evacuación del aire comprimido desde el interior tanque de inmersión/flotación 2; bloquear el flujo de aire desde y hacia el tanque de inmersión/flotación 2; las electroválvulas son del tipo normalmente cerradas, además comprende; sensores de presión, que monitorean las presiones de aire de reserva y la presión de aire en la línea 13 que conduce hacia el tanque de inmersión/flotación 2, un regulador de flujo de aire que permite controlar la velocidad de hundimiento y/o flotación del sistema de hundimiento 1 ; a pneumatic actuator system with remote actuation, which allows the sinking and flotation of BRA systems, by means of the extraction of compressed air, and the injection of compressed air, respectively, which comprises; control solenoid valves that allow; inject compressed air inside the immersion / flotation tank 2 for flotation of the sinking system 1; or the ingress of water through the evacuation of compressed air from the inside immersion / flotation tank 2; block the flow of air to and from the immersion / flotation tank 2; the solenoid valves are of the normally closed type, also includes; pressure sensors, which monitor the reserve air pressures and the air pressure in line 13 leading to the immersion / flotation tank 2, an air flow regulator that allows to control the sinking and / or flotation speed of the sinking system 1;
un sistema de energía eléctrica, que consta de paneles fotovoltaicos y/o aerogeneradores 11 con un controlador de carga y con una unidad de alimentación ininterrumpida (UPS), permite el funcionamiento continuo del sistema, el cual proporciona energía al sistema de control, al sistema de telecomunicaciones, a los sensores de monitoreo y al sistema neumático; un sistema de respaldo de energía, que consta de un banco de baterías que permite proporcionar la energía necesaria según la demanda de ésta, con la finalidad de mantener la continuidad de operación en los periodos sin irradiación solar, en que el controlador de carga, controla la carga del banco de baterías; An electric power system, consisting of photovoltaic panels and / or wind turbines 11 with a charge controller and an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), allows continuous operation of the system, which provides power to the control system, to the system from telecommunications, to monitoring sensors and to the pneumatic system; an energy backup system, consisting of a bank of batteries that allows to provide the necessary energy according to its demand, in order to maintain the continuity of operation in periods without solar irradiation, in which the charge controller controls the battery bank charge;
al menos un estanque de aire comprimido 12; at least one compressed air tank 12;
una estructura 14 del tipo preferente, pero no exclusivo, pentagonal o domo, la cual puede estar dispuesta en la parte superior central de la boya 10, o en su interior, en la cual se disponen y protegen los componentes eléctricos y electrónicos del sistema de hundimiento 1 , generando el espacio apropiado para la manipulación de al menos un estanque de aire comprimido 12. a structure 14 of the preferred, but not exclusive, pentagonal or dome type, which may be arranged in the central upper part of the buoy 10, or in its interior, in which the electrical and electronic components of the system are arranged and protected. sinking 1, generating the appropriate space for handling at least one compressed air tank 12.
un software de monitoreo y accionamiento remoto, el cual está integrado en el sistema de control base remoto. Este software controla el hundimiento remoto, y se acciona por medio de una interfaz de usuario en tierra, considerando las variables medidas por los sensores dispuestos en la balsa - jaula y en la boya. Además, permite la visualización de los diferentes estados de flotación y variables físicas medidas por los sensores, así como también, reporta los datos de las variables medidas. remote monitoring and actuation software, which is integrated in the remote base control system. This software controls the remote sinking, and is operated by means of a ground user interface, considering the variables measured by the sensors arranged in the raft - cage and in the buoy. In addition, it allows the visualization of different flotation states and physical variables measured by the sensors, as well as, reports the data of the measured variables.
Donde el módulo de boya, está conformado por una carcasa 20, que puede ser fabricado a partir de un polímero, metal u otro material apropiado a las condiciones de operación, debiendo ser una carcasa extremadamente sólida, de manera que se evite el ingreso de agua, y en consecuencia, mantener la flotabilidad y resistencia adecuada antes condiciones climatológicas y ambientales adversas. Además, comprende una pluralidad de cavidades verticales 21 , pero preferentemente inclinadas, dispuestas simétricamente alrededor de su eje central longitudinal, para disponer al menos un estanque de aire comprimido 12. Asimismo, el módulo de boya comprende elementos de agarre para su manipulación. En una realización adicional de la invención, se describe un proceso para operar en forma remota una unidad de inmersión/flotación con sistema electro neumático de accionamiento remoto de un sistema de hundimiento del tipo lastreable 1 para balsas - jaula sumergibles para el cultivo de peces, en que el método comprende; Where the buoy module, is formed by a housing 20, which can be manufactured from a polymer, metal or other material appropriate to the operating conditions, and must be an extremely solid housing, so that water ingress is avoided , and consequently, maintain adequate buoyancy and resistance before adverse weather and environmental conditions. In addition, it comprises a plurality of vertical cavities 21, but preferably inclined, arranged symmetrically around its longitudinal central axis, to provide at least one compressed air tank 12. Also, the buoy module comprises grip elements for handling. In a further embodiment of the invention, a process for remotely operating an immersion / flotation unit with electro pneumatically operated remote system of a sinking system type 1 for rafts - submersible cages for fish culture, is described. in which the method comprises;
A. - proporcionar una o más balsas - jaula; A. - provide one or more rafts - cage;
B. - instalar una unidad marina 8 del tipo modular, a lo menos a 5 metros de distancia de la una o más balsas - jaula, que proporciona el volumen de aire requerido por el sistema de hundimiento particular al cual se acople. La unidad marina, se ubica en torno al sistema de hundimiento, la cual tiene una estación base remota 9, ubicada en una boya 10 acondicionada para tal efecto, la cual es autónoma desde el punto de vista energético, y es comandada desde una unidad terrestre 7, en que la unidad marina 8 comprende; B. - install a marine unit 8 of the modular type, at least 5 meters away from the one or more rafts - cage, which provides the volume of air required by the particular sinking system to which it is attached. The marine unit is located around the sinking system, which has a remote base station 9, located in a buoy 10 equipped for this purpose, which is autonomous from the energy point of view, and is commanded from a land unit 7, in which the marine unit 8 comprises;
- un módulo de boya, que permite almacenar datos proporcionados por sensores de temperatura y oxígeno dispuestos en la boya 10, así como también, comprende celdas de carga de energía eléctrica 11 ; en que el módulo de boya, interactúa con la unidad terrestre 7, por medio de enlaces de control y/o consulta. Además el módulo de boya comprende; una estructura externa que provee una cámara estanca, que proporciona flotabilidad, y resistencia adecuada ante condiciones climatológicas y ambientales adversas, y que además, permite disponer antenas y paneles fotovoltaicos; y una estructura interna para la disposición de; al menos un estanque de aire comprimido 12, componentes eléctricos y electrónicos, un sistema de telecomunicaciones, un sistema de control, un sistema actuador neumático, un sistema de energía eléctrica y un sistema de respaldo de energía;  - a buoy module, which allows to store data provided by temperature and oxygen sensors arranged in the buoy 10, as well as, comprises electric power load cells 11; in which the buoy module interacts with the ground unit 7, through control and / or consultation links. In addition the buoy module comprises; an external structure that provides a watertight chamber, which provides buoyancy, and adequate resistance to adverse weather and environmental conditions, and which also allows the provision of photovoltaic antennas and panels; and an internal structure for the provision of; at least one compressed air tank 12, electrical and electronic components, a telecommunications system, a control system, a pneumatic actuator system, an electrical energy system and an energy backup system;
- un sistema de telecomunicaciones, que proporciona los enlaces con la unidad terrestre 7;  - a telecommunications system, which provides links to the ground unit 7;
- un sistema de control, para centralizar, procesar y almacenar datos generados por sensores, y que interactúa con el módulo terrestre 7, recibiendo los comandos y consultas; - un sistema actuador neumático de accionamiento remoto, que permite el hundimiento y flotación de los sistemas BRA, por medio de la extracción de aire comprimido, y la inyección de aire comprimido, respectivamente, el cual comprende; electroválvulas de control que permiten; inyectar aire comprimido al interior del tanque de inmersión/flotación 2 para la flotación del sistema de hundimiento 1 ; o el ingreso de agua por medio de la evacuación del aire comprimido desde el interior tanque de inmersión/flotación 2; bloquear el flujo de aire desde y hacia el tanque de inmersión/flotación 2; las electroválvulas son del tipo normalmente cerradas, además comprende; sensores de presión, que monitorean las presiones de aire de reserva y la presión de aire en la línea 13 que conduce hacia el tanque de inmersión/flotación 2, un regulador de flujo de aire que permite controlar la velocidad de hundimiento y/o flotación del sistema de hundimiento 1 ; - a control system, to centralize, process and store data generated by sensors, and that interacts with terrestrial module 7, receiving commands and queries; - a pneumatic actuator system with remote actuation, which allows the sinking and flotation of BRA systems, by means of the extraction of compressed air, and the injection of compressed air, respectively, which comprises; control solenoid valves that allow; inject compressed air into the immersion / flotation tank 2 for flotation of the sinking system 1; or the ingress of water through the evacuation of compressed air from the inside immersion / flotation tank 2; block the flow of air to and from the immersion / flotation tank 2; the solenoid valves are of the normally closed type, also includes; pressure sensors, which monitor the reserve air pressures and the air pressure in line 13 leading to the immersion / flotation tank 2, an air flow regulator that allows to control the sinking and / or flotation speed of the sinking system 1;
- un sistema de energía eléctrica, que consta de paneles fotovoltaicos y/o aerogeneradores 11 con un controlador de carga y con una unidad de alimentación ininterrumpida (UPS), permite el funcionamiento continuo del sistema, el cual proporciona energía al sistema de control, al sistema de telecomunicaciones, a los sensores de monitoreo y al sistema neumático; - un sistema de respaldo de energía, que consta de un banco de baterías que permite proporcionar la energía necesaria según la demanda de ésta, con la finalidad de mantener la continuidad de operación en los periodos sin irradiación solar, en que el controlador de carga, controla la carga del banco de baterías;  - an electric power system, consisting of photovoltaic panels and / or wind turbines 11 with a charge controller and with an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), allows continuous operation of the system, which provides power to the control system, by telecommunications system, monitoring sensors and pneumatic system; - an energy backup system, consisting of a bank of batteries that allows to provide the necessary energy according to the demand of the latter, in order to maintain the continuity of operation in periods without solar irradiation, in which the charge controller, controls the charge of the battery bank;
- al menos un estanque de aire comprimido 12;  - at least one compressed air tank 12;
- una estructura 14 del tipo preferente, pero no exclusivo, pentagonal o domo, la cual puede estar dispuesta en la parte superior central de la boya 10, o en su interior, en la cual se disponen y protegen los componentes eléctricos y electrónicos del sistema de hundimiento 1 , generando el espacio apropiado para la manipulación de al menos un estanque de aire comprimido 12.  - a structure 14 of the preferred, but not exclusive, pentagonal or dome type, which may be arranged in the central upper part of the buoy 10, or in its interior, in which the electrical and electronic components of the system are arranged and protected sinking 1, generating the appropriate space for handling at least one compressed air tank 12.
C.-instalar una unidad terrestre 7 que tiene una estación base terrestre, que le permite al operador acceder a la información y al control remoto del sistema de hundimiento, en que la unidad terrestre comprende;  C.-install a ground unit 7 that has a ground base station, which allows the operator to access the information and remote control of the sinking system, in which the land unit comprises;
- un módulo terrestre para la configuración del sistema de hundimiento 1 , el monitoreo de las variables, el control remoto de la flotabilidad de los sistemas BRA, el registro de las actividades realizadas y conexión a una base de datos centralizada;  - a ground module for the configuration of the sinking system 1, the monitoring of the variables, the remote control of the buoyancy of the BRA systems, the recording of the activities carried out and connection to a centralized database;
- un sistema de telecomunicaciones, que proporciona un enlace robusto de monitoreo y control entre la unidad terrestre 7 y una unidad marina 8; - a telecommunications system, which provides a robust monitoring and control link between land unit 7 and a marine unit 8;
- una interfaz que despliega e interactúa con cada uno de los sistemas base - remoto en la unidad marina 8; y - an interface that displays and interacts with each of the base - remote systems in marine unit 8; Y
- un panel de control;  - a control panel;
D.- proporcionar un software de monitoreo y accionamiento remoto, el cual está compuesto por dos módulos principales integrados en el sistema de control base remoto 8 y base terrestre 7. Este software controla el hundimiento remoto, el cual se acciona por medio de una interfaz de usuario en tierra, considerando las variables medidas por los sensores dispuestos en la balsa - jaula y en la boya. Además, permite la visualización de los diferentes estados de flotación y variables físicas medidas por los sensores, así como también, reporta los datos de las variables medidas. D.- provide a remote control and monitoring software, which is composed of two main modules integrated in the remote base control system 8 and ground base 7. This software controls the remote sinking, which is operated by means of an interface of land user, considering the variables measured by the sensors arranged in the raft - cage and in the buoy. In addition, it allows the visualization of the different flotation states and physical variables measured by the sensors, as well as, reports the data of the measured variables.
Para el proceso de inmersión; For the immersion process;
E. - accionar las electroválvulas de control, presionando el interruptor inmersión 31 del panel de control 30 para dar inicio al proceso de inmersión, dando inicio a la evacuación del aire contenido en el tanque de inmersión/flotación, e iniciando el ingreso de agua a dicho tanque de inmersión/flotación; E. - actuate the control solenoid valves, pressing the immersion switch 31 of the control panel 30 to start the immersion process, starting the evacuation of the air contained in the immersion / flotation tank, and initiating the entry of water to said immersion / flotation tank;
F. - verificar el hundimiento de la balsa - jaula; G.- accionar las electroválvulas de control, presionando el interruptor cerrar 32 del panel de control 30 para finalizar el proceso de inmersión, interrumpiendo la evacuación de aire desde el tanque de inmersión/flotación, e interrumpiendo el ingreso de agua al interior de éste; Para el proceso de reflotación; F. - verify the sinking of the raft - cage; G.- actuate the control solenoid valves, by pressing the close switch 32 of the control panel 30 to end the immersion process, interrupting the evacuation of air from the immersion / flotation tank, and interrupting the entry of water into it; For the reflot process;
H. - verificar la presión en los estanque de aire comprimido;  H. - check the pressure in the compressed air tanks;
I. - accionar las electroválvulas de control, presionando el interruptor emersión 33 del panel de control 30 para dar inicio al proceso de reflotación, dando inicio a la introducción de aire al tanque de inmersión/flotación, e iniciando la evacuación de agua desde dicho tanque de inmersión/flotación; I. - actuate the control solenoid valves, by pressing the emersion switch 33 of the control panel 30 to start the refloating process, starting the introduction of air into the immersion / flotation tank, and initiating the evacuation of water from said tank immersion / flotation;
J.- verificar el nivel de flotación de la balsa - jaula; K.- accionar las electroválvulas de control, presionando el interruptor cerrar 32 del panel de control para finalizar el proceso de reflotación, interrumpiendo la introducción de aire al tanque de inmersión/flotación, e interrumpiendo la evacuación de agua desde el interior de éste. A pesar que la invención ha sido descrita con referencia a un sistema de hundimiento con tanque de inmersión/flotación, esta descripción corresponde a una modalidad de realización; sin embargo, no se limita a dicha realización, y las diferentes opciones pueden ser combinadas con otras configuraciones de sistemas de hundimiento. J.- verify the float level of the raft - cage; K.- actuate the control solenoid valves, by pressing the close switch 32 of the control panel to end the refloating process, interrupting the introduction of air into the immersion / flotation tank, and interrupting the evacuation of water from inside it. Although the invention has been described with reference to a sinking system with immersion / flotation tank, this description corresponds to an embodiment; however, it is not limited to said embodiment, and the different options can be combined with other sinking system configurations.

Claims

Reivindicaciones Claims
1.- Unidad de inmersión/flotación para un sistema de hundimiento del tipo lastreable para balsas - jaula sumergibles para el cultivo de peces, con sistema electro neumático controlado en forma remota, permite su aplicación en diferentes zonas geográficas, con diferentes niveles de energía; en que la unidad de inmersión/flotación comprende una o más balsas - jaula; CARACTERIZADA porque la unidad de inmersión/flotación además comprende: A.- una unidad marina ubicada en torno al sistema de hundimiento, que tiene una estación base remota, ubicada en una boya acondicionada para tal efecto, la cual es autónoma desde el punto de vista energético, y es comandada desde una unidad terrestre, en que la unidad marina comprende; 1.- Immersion / flotation unit for a sinking system of the ballast type for rafts - submersible cage for fish farming, with electro-pneumatically controlled system remotely, allows its application in different geographical areas, with different energy levels; in which the immersion / flotation unit comprises one or more rafts - cage; CHARACTERIZED because the immersion / flotation unit also includes: A.- a marine unit located around the sinking system, which has a remote base station, located in a buoy equipped for this purpose, which is autonomous from the point of view energy, and is commanded from a land unit, in which the marine unit comprises;
- un módulo de boya, que permite almacenar datos proporcionados por sensores de temperatura y oxígeno dispuestos en la boya;  - a buoy module, which allows storing data provided by temperature and oxygen sensors arranged in the buoy;
- un sistema de telecomunicaciones, que proporciona los enlaces con la unidad terrestre;  - a telecommunications system, which provides links to the land unit;
- un sistema de control, para centralizar, procesar y almacenar datos generados por sensores, y que interactúa con el módulo terrestre, recibiendo los comandos y consultas;  - a control system, to centralize, process and store data generated by sensors, and that interacts with the terrestrial module, receiving commands and queries;
- un sistema electro neumático de accionamiento remoto, que permite el hundimiento y flotación del sistema BRA, por medio de la extracción de aire comprimido, y la inyección de aire comprimido, respectivamente; - an electro-pneumatic system with remote actuation, which allows the sinking and flotation of the BRA system, by means of the extraction of compressed air, and the injection of compressed air, respectively;
- un sistema de energía eléctrica, que consta de paneles fotovoltaicos y/o aerogeneradores, con un controlador de carga y con una unidad de alimentación ininterrumpida (UPS), que permite el funcionamiento continuo del sistema, el cual proporciona energía al sistema de control, al sistema de telecomunicaciones, a los sensores de monitoreo y al sistema neumático; - an electric power system, consisting of photovoltaic panels and / or wind turbines, with a charge controller and with an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), which allows the continuous operation of the system, which provides power to the control system, to the telecommunications system, the monitoring sensors and the pneumatic system;
- un sistema de respaldo de energía, que consta de un banco de baterías, en que el controlador de carga, controla la carga del banco de baterías; - a power backup system, consisting of a battery bank, in which the charge controller controls the charge of the battery bank;
- al menos un estanque de aire comprimido; - at least one compressed air tank;
- una estructura del tipo preferente, pero no exclusivo, pentagonal o domo, la cual puede estar dispuesta en la parte superior central de la boya, o en su interior, en la cual se disponen y protegen los componentes eléctricos y electrónicos del sistema de hundimiento, generando el espacio apropiado para la manipulación de la menos un estanque de aire comprimido;  - a structure of the preferred, but not exclusive, pentagonal or dome type, which may be arranged in the central upper part of the buoy, or in its interior, in which the electrical and electronic components of the sinking system are arranged and protected , generating the appropriate space for handling at least one compressed air tank;
B.- una unidad terrestre que tiene una estación base terrestre, que le permite al operador acceder a la información y al control remoto del sistema de hundimiento, en que la unidad terrestre comprende;  B.- a land unit that has a land base station, which allows the operator to access the information and remote control of the sinking system, in which the land unit comprises;
- un módulo terrestre para la configuración del sistema de hundimiento, el monitoreo de las variables, el control remoto de la flotabilidad de los sistemas BRA, el registro de las actividades realizadas y conexión a una base de datos centralizada;  - a ground module for the configuration of the sinking system, the monitoring of the variables, the remote control of the buoyancy of the BRA systems, the recording of the activities carried out and connection to a centralized database;
- un sistema de telecomunicaciones, que proporciona un enlace robusto de monitoreo y control entre la unidad terrestre y una unidad marina; - una interfaz que despliega e interactúa con cada uno de ios sistemas base - remoto de la unidad marina; y - a telecommunications system, which provides a robust monitoring and control link between the land unit and a marine unit; - an interface that displays and interacts with each of the base - remote systems of the marine unit; Y
- un panel de control; C- un software de monitoreo y accionamiento remoto, el cual está compuesto por dos módulos principales integrados en el sistema de control base remoto y base terrestre; el software controla el hundimiento remoto, el cual se acciona por medio de una interfaz de usuario en tierra, considerando las variables medidas por los sensores dispuestos en la balsa - jaula y en la boya; donde además, el software permite la visualización de los diferentes estados de flotación y variables físicas medidas por los sensores, así como también, reporta los datos de las variables medidas.  - a control panel; C- a remote control and monitoring software, which is composed of two main modules integrated in the remote base and ground base control system; the software controls the remote sinking, which is activated by means of a ground user interface, considering the variables measured by the sensors arranged in the raft - cage and in the buoy; where, in addition, the software allows the visualization of the different flotation states and physical variables measured by the sensors, as well as reports the data of the measured variables.
2. - La unidad de inmersión/flotación, según la reivindicación 1 , CARACTERIZADA porque el módulo de boya, comprende: 2. - The immersion / flotation unit according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the buoy module comprises:
a. celdas de carga de energía eléctrica;  to. load cells of electric power;
b. una estructura externa que provee una cámara estanca, que proporciona flotabilidad y resistencia adecuada ante condiciones climatológicas y ambientales adversas, y que además, permite disponer antenas y paneles fotovoltaicos; y  b. an external structure that provides a waterproof chamber, which provides adequate buoyancy and resistance to adverse weather and environmental conditions, and which also allows to provide photovoltaic antennas and panels; Y
c. una estructura interna para la disposición de al menos un estanque de aire comprimido, componentes eléctricos y electrónicos, un sistema de telecomunicaciones, un sistema de control, un sistema actuador neumático, un sistema de energía eléctrica y un sistema de respaldo de energía.  C. an internal structure for the arrangement of at least one compressed air tank, electrical and electronic components, a telecommunications system, a control system, a pneumatic actuator system, an electrical energy system and an energy backup system.
3. - La unidad de inmersión/flotación, según las reivindicaciones 1 y 2, CARACTERIZADA porque el módulo de boya, además, comprende cavidades verticales dispuestas simétricamente alrededor de su eje central longitudinal, para disponer al menos un estanque de aire comprimido. 3. - The immersion / flotation unit, according to claims 1 and 2, CHARACTERIZED in that the buoy module, in addition, comprises vertical cavities symmetrically arranged around its longitudinal central axis, to provide at least one compressed air tank.
4. - La unidad de inmersión/flotación, según las reivindicaciones 1 y 2, CARACTERIZADA porque el módulo de boya, además, comprende cavidades inclinadas dispuestas simétricamente alrededor de su eje central longitudinal, para disponer al menos un estanque de aire comprimido. 4. - The immersion / flotation unit according to claims 1 and 2, CHARACTERIZED in that the buoy module also comprises inclined cavities arranged symmetrically around its longitudinal central axis, to provide at least one compressed air tank.
5.- La unidad de inmersión/flotación, según las reivindicaciones 1 y 2, CARACTERIZADA porque el módulo de boya, además, comprende elementos de agarre para su manipulación. 5. The immersion / flotation unit, according to claims 1 and 2, CHARACTERIZED in that the buoy module also comprises grip elements for handling.
6. - La unidad de inmersión/flotación, según las reivindicaciones 1 y 2, CARACTERIZADA porque el módulo de boya está conformado por una carcasa rígida, de un polímero, metálica u otro material apropiado a las condiciones de operación. 6. - The immersion / flotation unit, according to claims 1 and 2, CHARACTERIZED in that the buoy module is formed by a rigid housing, of a polymer, metal or other material appropriate to the operating conditions.
7. - La unidad de inmersión/flotación, según la reivindicación 1 , CARACTERIZADA porque el sistema electro neumático comprende: a. electroválvulas de control del tipo cerradas, que permiten inyectar aire comprimido al interior del tanque de inmersión/flotación para la flotación del sistema de hundimiento, o el ingreso de agua por medio de la evacuación del aire comprimido desde el interior del tanque de inmersión/flotación; bloquear el flujo de aire desde y hacia el tanque de inmersión/flotación; 7. - The immersion / flotation unit according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the electro-pneumatic system comprises: to. Control solenoid valves of the closed type, which allow compressed air to be injected into the immersion / flotation tank for flotation of the sinking system, or the ingress of water by means of the evacuation of compressed air from inside the immersion / flotation tank ; block air flow to and from the immersion / flotation tank;
b. sensores de presión, que monitorean las presiones de aire de reserva y la presión de aire en la línea que conduce hacia el tanque de inmersión/flotación;  b. pressure sensors, which monitor the reserve air pressures and the air pressure in the line leading to the immersion / flotation tank;
c. un regulador de flujo de aire que permite controlar la velocidad de hundimiento y/o flotación del sistema de hundimiento.  C. an air flow regulator that allows to control the sinking and / or flotation speed of the sinking system.
8.- Unidad marina que tiene una estación base remota, ubicada en una boya acondicionada para tal efecto, y que es autónoma desde el punto de vista energético, y es comandada desde una unidad terrestre, para el control remoto de un sistema de hundimiento del tipo lastreable para balsas - jaula sumergibles para el cultivo de peces, con sistema electro neumático, que permite su aplicación en diferentes zonas geográficas, con diferentes niveles de energía; CARACTERIZADA porque la unidad marina comprende; 8.- Marine unit that has a remote base station, located in a buoy equipped for this purpose, and that is autonomous from the energy point of view, and is commanded from a land unit, for the remote control of a sinking system ballast type for rafts - submersible cage for fish farming, with electro-pneumatic system, which allows its application in different geographical areas, with different energy levels; CHARACTERIZED because the marine unit understands;
- un módulo de boya, que permite almacenar datos proporcionados por sensores de temperatura y oxígeno dispuestos en la boya;  - a buoy module, which allows storing data provided by temperature and oxygen sensors arranged in the buoy;
- un sistema de telecomunicaciones, que proporciona los enlaces con la unidad terrestre;  - a telecommunications system, which provides links to the land unit;
- un sistema de control, para centralizar, procesar y almacenar datos generados por sensores, y que interactúa con el módulo terrestre, recibiendo los comandos y consultas;  - a control system, to centralize, process and store data generated by sensors, and that interacts with the terrestrial module, receiving commands and queries;
- un sistema electro neumático de accionamiento remoto, que permite el hundimiento y flotación del sistema BRA, por medio de la extracción de aire comprimido, y la inyección de aire comprimido, respectivamente; - un sistema de energía eléctrica, que consta de paneles fotovoltaicos y/o aerogeneradores, con un controlador de carga y con una unidad de alimentación ininterrumpida, que permite el funcionamiento continuo del sistema, el cual proporciona energía al sistema de control, al sistema de telecomunicaciones, a los sensores de monitoreo y al sistema neumático; - un sistema de respaldo de energía, que consta de un banco de baterías, en que el controlador de carga, controla la carga del banco de baterías; - an electro-pneumatic system with remote actuation, which allows the sinking and flotation of the BRA system, by means of the extraction of compressed air, and the injection of compressed air, respectively; - an electric power system, consisting of photovoltaic panels and / or wind turbines, with a charge controller and an uninterruptible power supply unit, which allows the continuous operation of the system, which provides power to the control system, the power system telecommunications, monitoring sensors and pneumatic system; - a power backup system, consisting of a battery bank, in which the charge controller controls the charge of the battery bank;
- al menos un estanque de aire comprimido; - at least one compressed air tank;
- una estructura del tipo preferente, pero no exclusivo, pentagonal o domo, la cual puede estar dispuesta en la parte superior central de la boya, o en su interior, en la cual se disponen y protegen los componentes eléctricos y electrónicos del sistema de hundimiento, generando el espacio apropiado para la manipulación de al menos un estanque de aire comprimido; y  - a structure of the preferred, but not exclusive, pentagonal or dome type, which may be arranged in the central upper part of the buoy, or in its interior, in which the electrical and electronic components of the sinking system are arranged and protected , generating the appropriate space for handling at least one compressed air tank; Y
- un software de monitoreo y accionamiento remoto, el cual está integrado en el sistema de control base remoto, en que el software controla el hundimiento remoto, el cual se acciona por medio de una interfaz de usuario en tierra, considerando las variables medidas por los sensores dispuestos en la balsa - jaula y en la boya, donde además, el software permite la visualización de los diferentes estados de flotación y variables físicas medidas por los sensores, así como también, reporta los datos de las variables medidas. - a remote monitoring and actuation software, which is integrated in the remote base control system, in which the software controls the remote sinking, which is operated by means of a ground user interface, considering the variables measured by the sensors arranged in the raft - cage and in the buoy, where in addition, the software it allows the visualization of the different states of flotation and physical variables measured by the sensors, as well as, reports the data of the measured variables.
9.- Unidad marina, según la reivindicación 8, CARACTERIZADA porque el módulo de boya, comprende: 9. Marine unit according to claim 8, CHARACTERIZED because the buoy module comprises:
a. celdas de carga de energía eléctrica;  to. load cells of electric power;
b. una estructura externa que provee una cámara estanca, que proporciona flotabilidad y resistencia adecuada ante condiciones climatológicas y ambientales adversas, y que además, permite disponer antenas y paneles fotovoltaicos; y  b. an external structure that provides a waterproof chamber, which provides adequate buoyancy and resistance to adverse weather and environmental conditions, and which also allows to provide photovoltaic antennas and panels; Y
c. una estructura interna para la disposición de al menos un estanque de aire comprimido, componentes eléctricos y electrónicos, un sistema de telecomunicaciones, un sistema de control, un sistema actuador neumático, un sistema de energía eléctrica y un sistema de respaldo de energía.  C. an internal structure for the arrangement of at least one compressed air tank, electrical and electronic components, a telecommunications system, a control system, a pneumatic actuator system, an electrical energy system and an energy backup system.
10. - Unidad marina, según las reivindicaciones 8 y 9, CARACTERIZADA porque el módulo de boya, además, comprende cavidades verticales dispuestas simétricamente alrededor de su eje central longitudinal, para disponer al menos un estanque de aire comprimido. 10. - Marine unit, according to claims 8 and 9, CHARACTERIZED in that the buoy module, in addition, comprises vertical cavities arranged symmetrically around its longitudinal central axis, to provide at least one compressed air tank.
11. - Unidad marina, según las reivindicaciones 8 y 9, CARACTERIZADA porque el módulo de boya, además, comprende cavidades inclinadas dispuestas simétricamente alrededor de su eje central longitudinal, para disponer al menos un estanque de aire comprimido. 11. - Marine unit, according to claims 8 and 9, CHARACTERIZED in that the buoy module also comprises inclined cavities symmetrically arranged around its longitudinal central axis, to provide at least one compressed air tank.
12. - Unidad marina, según las reivindicaciones 8 y 9, CARACTERIZADA porque el módulo de boya, además, comprende elementos de agarre para su manipulación. 12. - Marine unit, according to claims 8 and 9, CHARACTERIZED because the buoy module, in addition, comprises grip elements for handling.
13. - Unidad marina, según las reivindicaciones 8 y 9, CARACTERIZADA porque el módulo de boya está conformado por una carcasa rígida, de un polímero, metálica u otro material apropiado a las condiciones de operación. 13. - Marine unit, according to claims 8 and 9, CHARACTERIZED in that the buoy module is formed by a rigid housing, of a polymer, metal or other material appropriate to the operating conditions.
14. - Unidad marina, según la reivindicación 8, CARACTERIZADA porque el sistema electro neumático comprende: 14. - Marine unit according to claim 8, CHARACTERIZED because the electro pneumatic system comprises:
a. electroválvulas de control del tipo cerradas, que permiten inyectar aire comprimido al interior del tanque de inmersión/flotación para la flotación del sistema de hundimiento, o el ingreso de agua por medio de la evacuación del aire comprimido desde el interior del tanque de inmersión/flotación; bloquear el flujo de aire desde y hacia el tanque de inmersión/flotación;  to. Control solenoid valves of the closed type, which allow compressed air to be injected into the immersion / flotation tank for flotation of the sinking system, or the ingress of water by means of the evacuation of compressed air from inside the immersion / flotation tank ; block air flow to and from the immersion / flotation tank;
b. sensores de presión, que monitorean las presiones de aire de reserva y la presión de aire en la línea que conduce hacia el tanque de inmersión/flotación;  b. pressure sensors, which monitor the reserve air pressures and the air pressure in the line leading to the immersion / flotation tank;
c. un regulador de flujo de aire que permite controlar la velocidad de hundimiento y/o flotación del sistema de hundimiento. C. an air flow regulator that allows to control the sinking and / or flotation speed of the sinking system.
15. - Un proceso para operar en forma remota la unidad de inmersión/flotación con sistema electro neumático de accionamiento remoto de un sistema de hundimiento del tipo lastreable para balsas - jaula sumergibles para el cultivo de peces, según la reivindicación 1 , CARACTERIZADO porque comprende las siguientes etapas; 15. - A process for remotely operating the immersion / flotation unit with electro-pneumatically remote-operated system of a sinking system of the ballast type for submersibles - submersible cage for fish farming, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED because it comprises the following stages;
a. instalar una unidad marina a lo menos a 5 metros de distancia de una o más balsas - jaula con sistema de hundimiento del tipo lastreable;  to. install a marine unit at least 5 meters away from one or more rafts - cage with sinking system of the type that can be used;
b. instalar una unidad terrestre en tierra para controlar los parámetros de hundimiento, flotación y monitoreo de variables oceanográficas y físicas; c. iniciar la etapa de inmersión de la balsa - jaula con sistema de hundimiento del tipo lastreable, el cual se realiza en forma remota a través de un panel de control accionado por el usuario o en forma automática para una condición extrema; y  b. install a ground unit on land to control the parameters of sinking, flotation and monitoring of oceanographic and physical variables; C. initiate the immersion stage of the raft - cage with a sinking system of the type that can be removed, which is carried out remotely through a user-operated control panel or automatically for an extreme condition; Y
d. etapa de reflotación de la balsa - jaula con sistema de hundimiento del tipo lastreable.  d. stage of raft reflotation - cage with sinking system of the last-type type.
16. El proceso para operar en forma remota la unidad de inmersión/flotación, según la reivindicación 15 CARACTERIZADO porque la etapa de inmersión de la balsa-jaula comprende; 16. The process for remotely operating the immersion / flotation unit according to claim 15 CHARACTERIZED because the immersion stage of the cage-raft comprises;
- accionar las electroválvulas de control, presionando el interruptor inmersión del panel de control para dar inicio al proceso de inmersión, dando inicio a la evacuación del aire contenido en el tanque de inmersión/flotación, e iniciando el ingreso de agua a dicho tanque de inmersión/flotación;  - activate the control solenoid valves by pressing the immersion switch of the control panel to start the immersion process, starting the evacuation of the air contained in the immersion / flotation tank, and initiating the entry of water to said immersion tank /floatation;
- verificar el hundimiento de la balsa - jaula; y  - check the sinking of the raft - cage; Y
- accionar las electroválvulas de control, presionando el interruptor cerrar del panel de control para finalizar el proceso de inmersión, interrumpiendo la evacuación de aire desde el tanque de inmersión/flotación, e interrumpiendo el ingreso de agua al interior de éste.  - activate the control solenoid valves, by pressing the close switch on the control panel to end the immersion process, interrupting the evacuation of air from the immersion / flotation tank, and interrupting the entry of water into it.
17. El proceso para operar en forma remota la unidad de inmersión/flotación, según la reivindicación 15 CARACTERIZADO porque la etapa de reflotación comprende: 17. The process for remotely operating the immersion / flotation unit according to claim 15 CHARACTERIZED in that the reflotting step comprises:
- verificar la presión en los estanque de aire comprimido;  - check the pressure in the compressed air tanks;
- accionar las electroválvulas de control, presionando el interruptor emersión del panel de control para dar inicio al proceso de reflotación, dando inicio a la introducción de aire al tanque de inmersión/flotación, e iniciando la evacuación de agua desde dicho tanque de inmersión/flotación;  - actuate the control solenoid valves by pressing the emersion switch on the control panel to start the refloating process, initiating the introduction of air into the immersion / flotation tank, and initiating the evacuation of water from said immersion / flotation tank ;
- verificar el nivel de flotación de la balsa - jaula;  - check the float level of the raft - cage;
- accionar las electroválvulas de control, presionando el interruptor cerrar del panel de control para finalizar el proceso de reflotación, interrumpiendo la introducción de aire al tanque de inmersión/flotación, e interrumpiendo la evacuación de agua desde el interior de éste.  - Activate the control solenoid valves, by pressing the close switch on the control panel to end the refloating process, interrupting the introduction of air into the immersion / flotation tank, and interrupting the evacuation of water from inside it.
PCT/CL2015/000071 2014-12-31 2015-12-30 Electro-pneumatic submersion/flotation unit for a remotely-controlled ballastable-type sinking system, and method for remotely operating said sinking system WO2016106459A1 (en)

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CL2014003606A CL2014003606A1 (en) 2014-12-31 2014-12-31 Immersion / flotation unit for a sinking system of the ballast type for rafts - submersible cage for fish farming, with electro-pneumatically controlled system remotely, allows its application in different geographical areas, with different energy levels; characterized in that the immersion / flotation unit also comprises: a.-a marine unit located around the sinking system, which has a remote base station, located in a buoy equipped for this purpose.
CL3606-2014 2014-12-31

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Citations (5)

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EP0146518A2 (en) * 1983-12-19 1985-06-26 Viking Fish Ab Fish breeding plant comprising at least one tank submergible to the desired depth and having an air chamber
US6481378B1 (en) * 2000-09-11 2002-11-19 Fishfarm Tech Ltd. Fish farming system and method
EP1969925A1 (en) * 2006-09-08 2008-09-17 Aquafarm 2005, S.L. Submersible bottom cage for fish farming uses
WO2013032818A1 (en) * 2011-08-30 2013-03-07 Hawaii Oceanic Technolgy, Incorporated Automated open ocean fish farm structures and systems for open ocean fish farming

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4257350A (en) * 1977-11-14 1981-03-24 Francis Devin Method and device for practicing marine aquaculture
EP0146518A2 (en) * 1983-12-19 1985-06-26 Viking Fish Ab Fish breeding plant comprising at least one tank submergible to the desired depth and having an air chamber
US6481378B1 (en) * 2000-09-11 2002-11-19 Fishfarm Tech Ltd. Fish farming system and method
EP1969925A1 (en) * 2006-09-08 2008-09-17 Aquafarm 2005, S.L. Submersible bottom cage for fish farming uses
WO2013032818A1 (en) * 2011-08-30 2013-03-07 Hawaii Oceanic Technolgy, Incorporated Automated open ocean fish farm structures and systems for open ocean fish farming

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