WO2016105313A2 - A compost mixing system and method - Google Patents

A compost mixing system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016105313A2
WO2016105313A2 PCT/TR2015/050232 TR2015050232W WO2016105313A2 WO 2016105313 A2 WO2016105313 A2 WO 2016105313A2 TR 2015050232 W TR2015050232 W TR 2015050232W WO 2016105313 A2 WO2016105313 A2 WO 2016105313A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
compost
codes
images
database
processing unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/TR2015/050232
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2016105313A3 (en
Inventor
Engin TEKE
Ozcan OZCANLI
Recep KULCU
Original Assignee
Heksagon Muhendislik Ve Tasarim Anonim Sirketi
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heksagon Muhendislik Ve Tasarim Anonim Sirketi filed Critical Heksagon Muhendislik Ve Tasarim Anonim Sirketi
Publication of WO2016105313A2 publication Critical patent/WO2016105313A2/en
Publication of WO2016105313A3 publication Critical patent/WO2016105313A3/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/70—Controlling the treatment in response to process parameters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/989—Flow sheets for biological or biochemical treatment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
    • G06V10/40—Extraction of image or video features
    • G06V10/56—Extraction of image or video features relating to colour
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V20/00—Scenes; Scene-specific elements
    • G06V20/50—Context or environment of the image
    • G06V20/52—Surveillance or monitoring of activities, e.g. for recognising suspicious objects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V20/00—Scenes; Scene-specific elements
    • G06V20/60—Type of objects
    • G06V20/66—Trinkets, e.g. shirt buttons or jewellery items
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a compost mixing system and method, which decides on the mixing period that directly affects the compost quality upon examining the images received from the camera, and which is particularly used in mobile mixing devices.
  • Composting is the process of converting the organic matter (vegetables, fruits, cellulose, food wastes, urban wastes and all kinds of yard wastes) in solid wastes to stabilized, mineralized and humus-like material by being subjected to a biochemical process wherein aerobic microorganisms are active. Compost is the matter obtained as a result of this process.
  • Composting is a natural process that takes place spontaneously in nature. Organic matter left alone can become compost upon a slow decomposition process. However, in the composting plants, the process is speeded up and carried out under controlled conditions, and thus production of compost that will harm the environment minimally and usability of the product in the soil are enabled.
  • the wastes should be mixed by a specific methodology in order to meet the oxygen requirement of the aerobic microorganisms.
  • the compost mixing cycle number may vary according to the content of the compost. Mixing the wastes randomly causes to obtain a compost of poor quality. In use of a good-quality compost, up to approximately 30% increase in yield is achieved in plant growth, whereas in use of a poor-quality compost, the crops may even get harmed.
  • the systems used in the state of the art cannot enable to immediately decide on maturity level of the compost.
  • the present invention is developed to provide immediate information about the maturity level of the compost by means of its imaging device.
  • Figure 1 is the view of a compost mixing system of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is the view of a compost mixing method of the present invention.
  • the processing unit (3) converting the captured images into codes for comparison process
  • the control unit (5) determining maturity level of the compost after the comparison process, 106. Sharing the obtained information with the user via the interface (6).
  • a compost mixing system (1) which can provide immediate information about maturity level of the overall compost by making an examination thereon, basically comprises at least one imaging device (2) which enables to capture images of the compost pile that is being mixed,
  • control unit (5) which compares the images processed by the processing unit (3) with the codes stored in the database (4)
  • At least one interface (6) which enables to share the obtained information with the user.
  • immediate information can be shared with the user via the interface (6) about the compost that is being mixed and the maturity level thereof by means of the imaging device (2).
  • a camera is used as the imaging device (2) and is placed in front of the mixing machine such that it can view the compost pile from a wide angle. It is possible to capture images by the imaging device (2) from different regions of the compost mixture which is continuously turned upside down as the mixing process continues. Thus, the maturity level of not only a single region but the overall compost mixture can be measured.
  • the images taken by the imaging device (2) are transmitted by wired or wireless data transmission to the processing unit (3) in order to be processed.
  • the transmitted images are converted into codes in order to be used in the comparison process.
  • the compost mixing system (1) of the present invention there is a database (4) wherein the codes for the mature compost mixtures are stored in advance. These codes are formed and stored for information about the mature compost such as color, particle size, density, etc. thereof.
  • the control unit (5) determines the maturity level of the compost by comparing the codes of the processed images transmitted to it by the processing unit (3) with the predetermined codes of mature compost mixtures stored in the database (4). Color, particle size and pile solidness (dry or moist sludge state) of the compost that is being mixed are determined by the comparison process performed by the control unit (5), and thus it is decided whether the mixing process should be continued or not. For example, if the control unit (5) determines in the comparison that the compost mixture is too dry and transmits this information to the user, the user can understand that the compost mixture needs more water and can fulfill this need.
  • the information that can be obtained by the comparison process cannot be limited to the color, particle size and pile solidness of the compost and can be diversified.
  • control unit (5) enables the maturity level determining process to be independent from the knowledge and experiences of the operator/user, and thus operator error rates are reduced.
  • the interface (6) used in sharing information with the user can be the screen of smart devices such as a computer, laptop, smart phone, etc. which are connected to the compost mixing system (1). It has been possible to prevent potential quality problems by deciding immediately by means of the real-time information transmitted to the interface (6).
  • compost mixing system (1) of the present invention cannot be limited to the examples described herein and it is essentially as defined in the claims.
  • the compost mixing method (100) basically comprises
  • the processing unit (3) converting the captured images into codes for comparison process (103),
  • control unit (5) determining maturity level of the compost after the comparison process (105),
  • images of the compost that is being mixed are taken by means of the imaging device (2) (101). Even if the imaging device (2) is mounted fixedly, the imaging device (2) captures different images of the compost mixture since the compost is continuously stirred and there will be different clusters of compost at the same place at different times.
  • the imaging device (2) can capture images of the compost mixture continuously or at adjustable periods of intervals.
  • the captured images are transmitted to the processing unit (3) (102). In a preferred embodiment of the invention, data transmission can be carried out by wired or wireless means.
  • the captured images are converted by the processing unit (3) into codes for the comparison process (103).
  • the processed images are compared with the codes stored in the database (4) (104).
  • the codes stored in the database (4) are formed by the images obtained from predetermined mature compost mixtures.
  • the control unit (5) determines maturity level of the compost (105). There is a predetermined lower and upper limit for the codes determined for different criteria for compost maturity level. When the code values received from the samples taken from the compost, whose mixing process is being continued, is detected to be within these predetermined limits, the compost is stated to be mature. If the code values of the received samples exceed the lower or upper limits, this information is shared with the operator via the interface (6).
  • the maturity level of the overall compost mixture can be determined, and it can be decided whether the mixing process should continue or not.
  • color, particle size and pile solidness of the compost mixture from which images are taken are determined by the control unit, and they are compared with the information of the color, particle size and pile solidness of the mature composts entered into the database m advance.
  • the properties that will be used m the comparison process cannot be limited to the above given examples.
  • the information is shared with the user via the interface (6).
  • the user can view the information about the compost mixture obtained by the control unit (5) and the captured images on real time basis by means of the screens of the devices such as computers, laptops and smart phones connected to the system.
  • the obtained information can be transmitted to the user interface (6) via wired or wireless means.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a compost mixing system (1), which is particularly used in mobile mixing devices, and which inspects maturity of the compost by making examination on the overall compost and informs the user immediately, basically comprising at least one imaging device (2) which enables to capture images from different parts of the compost mixture, at least one processing unit (3) which processes the captured images, at least one database (4), at least one control unit (5) which decides on the maturity level of the compost mixture, and at least one interface (6) which is used for sharing the obtained information with the user.

Description

DESCRIPTION
A COMPOST MIXING SYSTEM AND METHOD
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a compost mixing system and method, which decides on the mixing period that directly affects the compost quality upon examining the images received from the camera, and which is particularly used in mobile mixing devices.
Background of the Invention
Composting is the process of converting the organic matter (vegetables, fruits, cellulose, food wastes, urban wastes and all kinds of yard wastes) in solid wastes to stabilized, mineralized and humus-like material by being subjected to a biochemical process wherein aerobic microorganisms are active. Compost is the matter obtained as a result of this process.
Composting is a natural process that takes place spontaneously in nature. Organic matter left alone can become compost upon a slow decomposition process. However, in the composting plants, the process is speeded up and carried out under controlled conditions, and thus production of compost that will harm the environment minimally and usability of the product in the soil are enabled. In composting process, the wastes should be mixed by a specific methodology in order to meet the oxygen requirement of the aerobic microorganisms. The compost mixing cycle number may vary according to the content of the compost. Mixing the wastes randomly causes to obtain a compost of poor quality. In use of a good-quality compost, up to approximately 30% increase in yield is achieved in plant growth, whereas in use of a poor-quality compost, the crops may even get harmed.
Today, in countries wherein compost production is dense, quality of the final products of plants producing compost is inspected and certified by certain institutions.
In the current technology, whether the compost pile has reached the desired maturity or not is found out by testing at the end of the cycle. For this, a certain amount of sample in grams is taken from a large compost pile and the tests are performed with this sample. DEWAR test is performed in order to determine maturity level of the compost and the said test is continued for at least 10 days. Since DEWAR test can be performed for a part of the pile, it is not possible for it to provide information about the entire compost pile. Since testing with samples taken from different areas will be expensive and will take long time, it will not be possible to decide for other compost mixing processes that will be performed at that period.
The systems used in the state of the art cannot enable to immediately decide on maturity level of the compost. The present invention is developed to provide immediate information about the maturity level of the compost by means of its imaging device.
Summary of the Invention
The objective of the present invention is to provide a compost mixing system and method in order to determine the maturity level of the compost independent from the experience and knowledge of the operator. Another objective of the present invention is to provide a compost mixing system and method which can provide immediate information about the maturity level of the compost by making an examination on the overall compost by means of its imaging device.
Detailed Description of the Invention
A compost mixing system and method developed to fulfill the objective of the present invention is illustrated in the accompanying figures wherein:
Figure 1 is the view of a compost mixing system of the present invention. Figure 2 is the view of a compost mixing method of the present invention.
The components shown in the figures are each given reference numbers as follows: 1. Compost mixing system
2. Imaging device
3. Processing unit
4. Database
5. Control unit
6. Interface
100. Compost mixing method
101. Taking images of the compost that is being mixed by means of the imaging device (2),
102. Transmitting the captured images to the processing unit (3),
103. The processing unit (3) converting the captured images into codes for comparison process,
104. Comparing the processed images with the codes stored in the database (4),
105. The control unit (5) determining maturity level of the compost after the comparison process, 106. Sharing the obtained information with the user via the interface (6).
A compost mixing system (1), which can provide immediate information about maturity level of the overall compost by making an examination thereon, basically comprises at least one imaging device (2) which enables to capture images of the compost pile that is being mixed,
- at least one processing unit (3) which enables to convert the images captured by the imaging device (2) into codes,
at least one database (4) wherein predetermined codes for mature composts are stored,
at least one control unit (5) which compares the images processed by the processing unit (3) with the codes stored in the database (4),
at least one interface (6) which enables to share the obtained information with the user.
In the compost mixing system (1) of the present invention, immediate information can be shared with the user via the interface (6) about the compost that is being mixed and the maturity level thereof by means of the imaging device (2). In the preferred embodiment of the invention, a camera is used as the imaging device (2) and is placed in front of the mixing machine such that it can view the compost pile from a wide angle. It is possible to capture images by the imaging device (2) from different regions of the compost mixture which is continuously turned upside down as the mixing process continues. Thus, the maturity level of not only a single region but the overall compost mixture can be measured.
The images taken by the imaging device (2) are transmitted by wired or wireless data transmission to the processing unit (3) in order to be processed. The transmitted images are converted into codes in order to be used in the comparison process.
In the compost mixing system (1) of the present invention, there is a database (4) wherein the codes for the mature compost mixtures are stored in advance. These codes are formed and stored for information about the mature compost such as color, particle size, density, etc. thereof.
The control unit (5) determines the maturity level of the compost by comparing the codes of the processed images transmitted to it by the processing unit (3) with the predetermined codes of mature compost mixtures stored in the database (4). Color, particle size and pile solidness (dry or moist sludge state) of the compost that is being mixed are determined by the comparison process performed by the control unit (5), and thus it is decided whether the mixing process should be continued or not. For example, if the control unit (5) determines in the comparison that the compost mixture is too dry and transmits this information to the user, the user can understand that the compost mixture needs more water and can fulfill this need. The information that can be obtained by the comparison process cannot be limited to the color, particle size and pile solidness of the compost and can be diversified.
The fact that the comparison process is performed by the control unit (5) enables the maturity level determining process to be independent from the knowledge and experiences of the operator/user, and thus operator error rates are reduced.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the interface (6) used in sharing information with the user can be the screen of smart devices such as a computer, laptop, smart phone, etc. which are connected to the compost mixing system (1). It has been possible to prevent potential quality problems by deciding immediately by means of the real-time information transmitted to the interface (6).
The compost mixing system (1) of the present invention cannot be limited to the examples described herein and it is essentially as defined in the claims.
The compost mixing method (100) basically comprises
Taking images of the compost that is being mixed by means of the imaging device (2) (101),
- Transmitting the captured images to the processing unit (3) (102),
The processing unit (3) converting the captured images into codes for comparison process (103),
Comparing the processed images with the codes stored in the database (4) (104),
- The control unit (5) determining maturity level of the compost after the comparison process (105),
Sharing the obtained information with the user via the interface (6) (106).
In the compost mixing method (100) of the present invention, images of the compost that is being mixed are taken by means of the imaging device (2) (101). Even if the imaging device (2) is mounted fixedly, the imaging device (2) captures different images of the compost mixture since the compost is continuously stirred and there will be different clusters of compost at the same place at different times. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the imaging device (2) can capture images of the compost mixture continuously or at adjustable periods of intervals. The captured images are transmitted to the processing unit (3) (102). In a preferred embodiment of the invention, data transmission can be carried out by wired or wireless means. The captured images are converted by the processing unit (3) into codes for the comparison process (103). The processed images are compared with the codes stored in the database (4) (104). The codes stored in the database (4) are formed by the images obtained from predetermined mature compost mixtures. After the comparison process, the control unit (5) determines maturity level of the compost (105). There is a predetermined lower and upper limit for the codes determined for different criteria for compost maturity level. When the code values received from the samples taken from the compost, whose mixing process is being continued, is detected to be within these predetermined limits, the compost is stated to be mature. If the code values of the received samples exceed the lower or upper limits, this information is shared with the operator via the interface (6).
With the comparison process, the maturity level of the overall compost mixture can be determined, and it can be decided whether the mixing process should continue or not. For the decision of continuing or stopping the mixing process; color, particle size and pile solidness of the compost mixture from which images are taken are determined by the control unit, and they are compared with the information of the color, particle size and pile solidness of the mature composts entered into the database m advance. The properties that will be used m the comparison process cannot be limited to the above given examples. The obtained
Figure imgf000008_0001
information is shared with the user via the interface (6). The user can view the information about the compost mixture obtained by the control unit (5) and the captured images on real time basis by means of the screens of the devices such as computers, laptops and smart phones connected to the system. The obtained information can be transmitted to the user interface (6) via wired or wireless means.

Claims

A compost mixing system (1), which is particularly used in mobile mixing devices, and which inspects maturity of the compost by making examination on the overall compost and informs the user immediately, basically characterized by
at least one imaging device (2) which enables to capture images of the compost pile that is being mixed,
at least one processing unit (3) which enables to convert the images captured by the imaging device (2) into codes,
at least one database (4) wherein codes of predetermined properties for mature composts are stored,
at least one control unit (5) which compares the images processed by the processing unit (3) with the codes stored in the database (4),
at least one interface (6) which enables to share the obtained information with the user.
A compost mixing system (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that a camera is used as the imaging device (2).
A compost mixing system (1) according to Claim 1, characterized by the imaging device (2) which can capture images from different regions of the compost mixture continuously and/or at adjustable periods of intervals.
A compost mixing system (1) according to Claim 1, characterized by the database (4) wherein the image codes about color, particle size and pile solidness of mature composts are stored in advance.
A compost mixing system (1) according to Claim 1, characterized by the control unit (5) which determines the maturity level of the compost by comparing the codes of the processed images transmitted to it by the processing unit (3) with the predetermined codes of mature compost mixtures stored in the database (4).
A compost mixing system (1) according to Claim 1, characterized by the control unit (5), which determines compost mixture properties such as the color, particle size and pile solidness (dry or moist sludge state) of the compost that is being mixed by means of the comparison process it performs, and which decides whether the mixing process will be continued or not.
A compost mixing method (100) basically characterized by the steps of
Taking images of the compost that is being mixed by means of the imaging device (2) (101),
Transmitting the captured images to the processing unit (3) (102),
The processing unit (3) converting the captured images into codes for comparison process (103),
Comparing the processed images with the codes stored in the database (4) (104),
The control unit (5) determining maturity level of the compost after the comparison process (105),
Sharing the obtained information with the user via the interface (6) (106).
A compost mixing method (100) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the data transmission can be wired and/or wireless in the step of "Transmitting the captured images to the processing unit (3) (102)".
A compost mixing method (100) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the image codes of the compost mixture that is being mixed are compared with the image codes of the mature composts that are stored in the database (4) in the step of "Comparing the processed images with the codes stored in the database (4) (104)".
10. A compost mixing method (100) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the determined codes of the compost that is being mixed are evaluated based on the predetermined code limit values for mature composts in the step of "The control unit (5) determining maturity level of the compost after the comparison process (105)".
11. A compost mixing method (100) according to Claim 7, characterized in that, if the code values of the samples received from the compost, which is continued to be mixed, determined upon examination exceed the lower or upper limits, this information is shared with the operator via the interface (6) in the step of "Sharing the obtained information with the user via the interface (6) (106)".
12. A compost mixing method (100) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the user can view the information via the screens of the devices such as computers, laptops and smart phones that are connected to the system in the step of "Sharing the obtained information with the user via the interface (6) (106)".
PCT/TR2015/050232 2014-12-22 2015-12-07 A compost mixing system and method WO2016105313A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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TR201415533 2014-12-22

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WO2018132645A1 (en) * 2017-01-13 2018-07-19 Medal Technologies, LLC Compost bin
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018132645A1 (en) * 2017-01-13 2018-07-19 Medal Technologies, LLC Compost bin
CN111026199A (en) * 2019-11-25 2020-04-17 南京大学（溧水）生态环境研究院 Kitchen remains compost intelligent monitoring regulation and control system
CN112136454A (en) * 2020-09-28 2020-12-29 淮安柴米河农业科技股份有限公司 Commercial method for on-site rapid humification and returning of straw to field

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