CN102445421A - Preparation method of leaf colour card used for rapidly diagnosing nitrogen of flue-cured tobacco - Google Patents

Preparation method of leaf colour card used for rapidly diagnosing nitrogen of flue-cured tobacco Download PDF

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CN102445421A
CN102445421A CN2011102872326A CN201110287232A CN102445421A CN 102445421 A CN102445421 A CN 102445421A CN 2011102872326 A CN2011102872326 A CN 2011102872326A CN 201110287232 A CN201110287232 A CN 201110287232A CN 102445421 A CN102445421 A CN 102445421A
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flue
blade
nitrogen content
nitrogen
cured tobacco
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CN102445421B (en
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马献发
齐虹凌
张继舟
王立民
曹宏杰
袁磊
于志民
吕品
焦玉生
王宏韬
李玉龙
赵光伟
元野
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Institute Of Nature And Ecology Heilongjiang Academy Of Sciences
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Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a leaf colour card used for rapidly diagnosing nitrogen of flue-cured tobacco. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: randomly acquiring tobacco leaves at the same part of flue-cured tobaccos with different nitrogen fertilizer application amounts in field, firstly respectively scanning images of the flue-cured tobaccos by utilizing a scanner, extracting mean value of colour characteristic parameters red, green and blue channels by utilizing graphic software, then determining nitrogen contents of blades of scanned flue-cured tobacco leaves by utilizing a chemical analytical method, classifying the nitrogen contents of the blades into four classes, correspondingly dividing value ranges of RGB (Red, Green and Blue) according to relation between RGB and the nitrogen contents of the blades, printing and outputting four different colour levels, and sequentially arranging according to the nitrogen contents from low to high, thus a flue-cured tobacco blade nitrogen rapid diagnosis leaf colour card is prepared. The leaf colour card prepared by the invention has the characteristics of carrying convenience, simple application method, rapid and reliable determination, high accuracy, low cost and the like. By adopting the leaf colour card prepared by the invention, the requirement for vast majority of peasants and scientific and technical workers to carry out flue-cured tobacco nitrogen diagnosis and real-time fertilization can be met.

Description

A kind of preparation method who is used for quick diagnosis flue-cured tobacco nitrogen leaf colour atla
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to the tobacco planting technology, is exactly a kind of preparation method who is used for quick diagnosis flue-cured tobacco nitrogen leaf colour atla specifically.
(2) background technology
In the flue-cured tobacco cultivation technology was produced, nitrogen application had become one of technical bottleneck of restriction China's Flue-cured tobacco Quality and output raising.Just existing bibliographical information mainly contains following several kinds of diagnostic monitoring methods: (1) chemical analysis method: comprise plant analysis, histochemistry and biochemical method, and the soil analysis method etc.Though this class methods measuring accuracy and reliability are high, this method weak point is to need great amount of manpower and material resources and financial resources input, lacks ageingly simultaneously, can not follow the tracks of fertilizer requirement at any time, is unfavorable for large-area applications and popularization that this type of is technological.(2) utilize the SPAD value nitrogen diagnosis of chlorophyll appearance technological: this method is according to measuring blade SPAD value, and estimation plant nitrogen content is confirmed nitrogen application, and this method has been done trial on other crop (for example paddy rice, corn and wheat).But in flue-cured tobacco nitrogen diagnosis and fertilising, fail to apply; In addition, this technical equipment is expensive and the certain professional technique of needs supports.(3) utilize spectral technique to carry out the crop nitrogen nutrition diagnosis: on the one hand, the vegetation index of the reflectivity of comprehensive green glow, ruddiness and near infrared triband carries out fast monitored to crop nitrogen nutrition situation, only in the monitoring of rape nitrogen nutrition report is arranged.On the other hand, digital imagery and computer image processing technology, use digital camera obtain obtain behind the crop canopies image canopy red/green glow ratio, and set up good correlationship with chlorophyll appearance reading and normalized differential vegetation index NDVI.This method can be accomplished living body measurement, quick, non-destructive diagnosis, but need to use the high-resolution digital camera in the crop nitrogen nutrition diagnosis, in the picture acquisition process, is vulnerable to influences such as light intensity, shooting distance, angle.
(3) summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method that rapid and reliable is used for quick diagnosis flue-cured tobacco nitrogen leaf colour atla that measures.
The objective of the invention is to realize like this: step is following:
Step 1: sampling: in flue-cured tobacco transplanting 30-60d, picked at random different amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer planted area flue-cured tobacco 10-20 strains in field are gathered from root the 5th tobacco leaf reciprocal; Every blade at first carries out Image Acquisition, and chamber chemical analysis blade nitrogen content then experimentizes.
Step 2: Image Acquisition: utilize high-resolution scanner to scan tobacco leaf image respectively, image resolution ratio is 2550 * 3504 pixels, with the JPG format;
Step 3: the picture color parameter extracts: utilize the histogram program of the graphics software of the above version of Adobe Photoshop7.0 to read each channel image average of red, green, blue, wherein red, green, blue is represented with R, G, B respectively.
Step 4: the blade nitrogen content is analyzed: get the tobacco leaf after the scanning, utilize chemical analysis to measure the blade nitrogen content;
Step 5: color parameter grade classification: according to the relation of RGB and blade nitrogen content, wherein R and B variation difference is not remarkable, and flue-cured tobacco blade nitrogen content and color parameter G correlativity are remarkable, match flue-cured tobacco blade nitrogen content and G linear equation; The blade nitrogen content is divided into 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% 4 grade, corresponding value of dividing RGB, wherein R and B get its mean value, utilize full nitrogen N of flue-cured tobacco blade and G correlativity equation, try to achieve the corresponding G value of four nitrogen content grades of blade;
Step 6: the foundation of leaf colour atla: according to the value of the corresponding RGB of four grades of blade nitrogen content, 4 different color ranges of colour print output are arranged on the card by nitrogen content from small to large, and the interpretation frame is set between the adjacent color range.
A kind of method that is used for quick diagnosis flue-cured tobacco blade nitrogen of the present invention has characteristics such as easy to carry, that method simple, measure fast and reliable, cost is low, can satisfy vast farmers and scientific worker's flue-cured tobacco nitrogen diagnosis and the demand of in good time applying fertilizer.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a flue-cured tobacco blade nitrogen diagnosis leaf colour atla synoptic diagram; Among the figure: I, II, III and IV are represented blade nitrogen content 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% respectively.
(5) embodiment
For example the present invention is described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1: combine Fig. 1, and a kind of preparation method who is used for quick diagnosis flue-cured tobacco nitrogen leaf colour atla of the present invention, step is following:
Step 1: sampling: in flue-cured tobacco transplanting 30-60d, picked at random different amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer planted area flue-cured tobacco 10-20 strains in field are gathered from root the 5th tobacco leaf reciprocal; Every blade at first carries out Image Acquisition, and chamber chemical analysis blade nitrogen content then experimentizes;
Step 2: Image Acquisition: utilize high-resolution scanner to scan tobacco leaf image respectively, image resolution ratio is 2550 * 3504 pixels, with the JPG format;
Step 3: the picture color parameter extracts: utilize the histogram program of the graphics software of the above version of Adobe Photoshop7.0 to read each channel image average of red, green, blue, wherein red, green, blue is represented with R, G, B respectively;
Step 4: the blade nitrogen content is analyzed: get the tobacco leaf after the scanning, utilize chemical analysis to measure the blade nitrogen content;
Step 5: color parameter grade classification: according to the relation of R, G, B and blade nitrogen content, wherein R and B variation difference is not remarkable, and flue-cured tobacco blade nitrogen content and color parameter G correlativity are remarkable, match flue-cured tobacco blade nitrogen content and G linear equation; The blade nitrogen content is divided into 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% 4 grade, corresponding value of dividing R, G, B, wherein R and B get its mean value, utilize full nitrogen N of flue-cured tobacco blade and G correlativity equation, try to achieve the corresponding G value of four nitrogen content grades of blade;
Step 6: the foundation of leaf colour atla: according to the value of the corresponding R of four grades of blade nitrogen content, G, B, 4 different color ranges of colour print output are arranged on the card by nitrogen content from small to large, and the interpretation frame is set between the adjacent color range.
Embodiment 2: combine Fig. 1, flue-cured tobacco cultivars was imperial cigarette 911 in >Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Nature and Ecology Institute's greenhouse test field pot experiment in 2009 in the present invention.Guarantee phosphorus potassium (70kghm -2P 2O 5, 145kghm -2K 2O) under the fixing situation, following 6 different ammonium nitrate are set handle: every strain 0g, every strain 7.2g, every strain 9.6g, every strain 12g, every strain 14.4g, every strain 16.8g.Each handles 10 basins.
The present invention is used for quick diagnosis flue-cured tobacco nitrogen leaf colour atla preparation method, and step is following:
Step 1: sampling: 35d behind the flue-cured tobacco transplanting, picked at random different amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer planted area flue-cured tobacco 10 strains in field are gathered from root the 5th tobacco leaf reciprocal; Every blade at first carries out Image Acquisition, and the blade nitrogen content is analyzed in the chamber of experimentizing then.
Step 2: Image Acquisition: utilize high-resolution scanner to scan the tobacco leaf picture respectively, image resolution ratio is 2550 * 3504 pixels, with the JPG format;
Step 3: the picture color parameter extracts: utilize the histogram program of the graphics software of Adobe Photoshop 7.0 versions to read each channel image average of red, green, blue; Red, green, blue is represented with R, G, B respectively, is seen table 1.Wherein the R variation is less, average out to 102; G is between 98-180; The B variation is also less, average out to 42.
Step 4: the blade nitrogen content is analyzed: the tobacco leaf of getting corresponding scanning; Utilize chemical analysis to measure the blade nitrogen content, its method is: claim the tobacco sample 0.1g of levigate oven dry, place 50ml to disappear and boil pipe; Add concentrated sulphuric acid 5ml; Bottleneck covers little funnel, and 180 ℃ of slowly heating of first low temperature are treated to be warming up to 300 ℃ gradually behind the Mao Baiyan on digesting.When solution all is brownish black, constantly shake.Dropwise add 30% hydrogen peroxide, boil the liquid clarification up to disappearing.To disappear and boil liquid and transfer in the kjeldahl apparatus, reclaim ammonia, use 0.01mol/L salt acidometric titration again, calculate nitrogen content, see table 1 according to the hydrochloric acid consumption with 20g/L BAS 5ml.
The color characteristic parameters R GB and the blade nitrogen content of the different nitrogen fertilizer amount flue-cured tobacco of table 1 blade
Figure BSA00000580559300041
Step 5: color parameter grade classification: set up the relation of RGB and blade nitrogen content, i.e. G=-34.6N+208.3, full nitrogen N of blade and G be negative correlation extremely significantly.Be divided into 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% 4 critical point by the blade nitrogen content.Corresponding value of dividing RGB: R is 102, B 42 immobilizes, and the G value is respectively 174,156,139,122.
Step 6: rendition becomes colorimetric card: RGB is formed the color range that nitrogen content is divided into 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% 4 critical point through computer software Adobe Photoshop7.0.Nitrogen content is set type from small to large, and to make output as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 3:2009 does experiment in Heilongjiang Prov. Inst. of Tobacco Sciences testing field (Ningan City), the organic 23.0gkg of the basic fertile soil of its soil -1, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 105.6mgkg -1, rapid available phosphorus 43.70mgkg -1, available potassium 240.0mgkg -1Flue-cured tobacco cultivars is imperial cigarette 911.Guarantee phosphorus potassium (70kghm -2P 2O 5, 145kghm -2K 2O) under the fixing situation, following 6 nitrogenous fertilizer are set handle (0kghm -2, 15kghm -2, 30kghm -2, 45kghm -2, 60kghm -2, 75kghm -2).Supplying examination fertilizer is ammonium nitrate (35%N), coarse whiting (46%P 2O 5) and glazier's salt (54%K 2O).Phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer base are executed, nitrogenous fertilizer base execute and topdress (1: 1).Spacing in the rows 0.5m, line space 1.1m, the long 6m in ridge, sub-district (6 ridges * 1.1m wide * 6m ridge long) area 39.6m 2, 3 repetitions.
Be used for the preparation method of quick diagnosis flue-cured tobacco nitrogen leaf colour atla, step is following:
Step 1: sampling: behind flue-cured tobacco transplanting 50d, picked at random different amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer planted area flue-cured tobacco 10 strains in field are gathered from root the 5th tobacco leaf reciprocal; Every blade at first carries out Image Acquisition, and chamber chemical analysis blade nitrogen content then experimentizes.
Step 2: Image Acquisition: utilize high-resolution scanner to scan the tobacco leaf picture respectively, image resolution ratio is 2550 * 3504 pixels, with the JPG format;
Step 3: the picture color parameter extracts: the histogram program of Graphics Application software Adobe Photoshop 7.0 reads each channel image average of RGB, sees table 2.Wherein the R variation is less, average out to 105; The G value is between 112-176; The B variation is also less, average out to 41.
Step 4: the blade nitrogen content is analyzed: get the tobacco leaf after correspondence scans, utilize chemical analysis to measure the blade nitrogen content; Its method is: claim the tobacco sample 0.1g of levigate oven dry, place 50ml to disappear and boil pipe that add concentrated sulphuric acid 5ml, bottleneck covers little funnel, 180 ℃ of slowly heating of first low temperature are treated to be warming up to 300 ℃ gradually behind the Mao Baiyan on digesting.When solution all is brownish black, constantly shake.Dropwise add 30% hydrogen peroxide, boil the liquid clarification up to disappearing.To disappear and boil liquid and transfer in the kjeldahl apparatus, reclaim ammonia, use 0.01mol/L salt acidometric titration again with 20g/L BAS 5ml.Calculate nitrogen content according to calculating the hydrochloric acid consumption, see table 2.
The color characteristic parameters R GB and the blade nitrogen content of the different nitrogen fertilizer amount flue-cured tobacco of table 2 blade
Step 5: color parameter grade classification: set up the relation of RGB and blade nitrogen content, blade nitrogen content (N) and G extremely remarkable negative correlation, i.e. G=-36.1N+210.4.Be divided into 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% 4 critical point by the blade nitrogen content, corresponding span of dividing RGB: R is 105, B 41 immobilizes, and G is respectively 174,156,138,120.
Step 6: rendition becomes the leaf colour atla: RGB is formed the color range that nitrogen content is divided into 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% 4 critical point through computer software Adobe Photoshop7.0.Setting type from small to large by nitrogen content, to make output as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 4:2010 does experiment in Heilongjiang Prov. Inst. of Tobacco Sciences testing field (Ningan City), the organic 26.2gkg of the basic fertile soil of its soil -1, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 116.6mgkg -1, rapid available phosphorus 54.25mgkg -1, available potassium 258.37mgkg -1Test design: flue-cured tobacco cultivars, imperial cigarette 911.Guarantee phosphorus potassium (70kghm -2P 2O 5, 145kghm -2K 2O) under the fixing situation, following 6 nitrogenous fertilizer are set handle (0kghm -2N, 15kghm -2N, 30kghm -2N, 45kghm -2N, 60kghm -2N, 75kghm -2N).Supplying examination fertilizer is ammonium nitrate (35%N), coarse whiting (46%P 2O 5) and glazier's salt (54%K 2O).Phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer base are executed, nitrogenous fertilizer base execute and topdress (1: 1).Spacing in the rows 0.5m, line space 1.1m, the long 6m in ridge, sub-district (6 ridges * 1.1m wide * 6m ridge long) area 39.6m 2, 3 repetitions.
Be used for the preparation method of quick diagnosis flue-cured tobacco nitrogen leaf colour atla, step is following:
Step 1: sampling: behind flue-cured tobacco transplanting 50d, flue-cured tobacco 10 strains of the above-mentioned different amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer of field picked at random planted area are gathered from root the 5th tobacco leaf reciprocal; Every blade at first carries out Image Acquisition, and chamber chemical analysis blade nitrogen content then experimentizes.
Step 2: Image Acquisition: utilize high-resolution scanner to scan the tobacco leaf picture respectively, image resolution ratio is 2550 * 3504 pixels, with the JPG format;
Step 3: the picture color parameter extracts: the histogram program of Graphics Application software AdobePhotoshop7.0 reads each channel image average of RGB, sees table 3.Wherein the R variation is less, average out to 103; G is between 115-183; The B variation is also less, average out to 39.
Step 4: the blade nitrogen content is analyzed: get the tobacco leaf of corresponding scanning, utilize chemical analysis to measure the blade nitrogen content; Its method is: claim the tobacco sample 0.1g of levigate oven dry, place 50ml to disappear and boil pipe that add concentrated sulphuric acid 5ml, bottleneck covers little funnel, 180 ℃ of slowly heating of first low temperature are treated to be warming up to 300 ℃ gradually behind the Mao Baiyan on digesting.When solution all is brownish black, constantly shake.Dropwise add 30% hydrogen peroxide, boil the liquid clarification up to disappearing.To disappear and boil liquid and transfer in the kjeldahl apparatus, reclaim ammonia, use 0.01mol/L salt acidometric titration again, calculate nitrogen content, see table 3 according to calculating the hydrochloric acid consumption with 20g/L BAS 5ml.
The color characteristic parameters R GB and the blade nitrogen content of the different nitrogen fertilizer amount flue-cured tobacco of table 3 blade
Figure BSA00000580559300061
Figure BSA00000580559300071
Step 5: color parameter grade classification: through the relation of RGB and blade nitrogen content, full nitrogen N of blade and G be negative correlation, i.e. G=-36.7N+209.3 extremely significantly; Be divided into 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% 4 critical point by the blade nitrogen content.Corresponding span of dividing RGB: because R and B variation not quite, are got its mean value respectively, R is 103, B 39 immobilizes; According to the full nitrogen N of nitrogen content substitution blade of four critical points correspondences and the linear equation of G, try to achieve G and be respectively 173,154,136,118;
Step 6: rendition becomes the leaf colour atla: RGB is formed the color range that nitrogen content is divided into 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% 4 critical point through computer software Adobe Photoshop7.0.Nitrogen content is set type from small to large, and to make output as shown in Figure 1.
Flue-cured tobacco nitrogen leaf colour atla application example:
Behind the flue-cured tobacco transplanting land for growing field crops in the 30-60d, with this leaf colour atla place flue-cured tobacco from root the 5th blade reciprocal, be close to blade, read nitrogen content through the comparison of interpretation frame.

Claims (1)

1. preparation method who is used for quick diagnosis flue-cured tobacco nitrogen leaf colour atla, it is characterized in that: step is following:
Step 1: sampling: in flue-cured tobacco transplanting 30-60d; The different amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer planted area flue-cured tobacco 10-20 strains of field picked at random; Collection is from root the 5th tobacco leaf reciprocal, and every blade at first carries out Image Acquisition, and chamber chemical analysis blade nitrogen content then experimentizes;
Step 2: Image Acquisition: utilize high-resolution scanner to scan tobacco leaf image respectively, image resolution ratio is 2550 * 3504 pixels, with the JPG format;
Step 3: the picture color parameter extracts: utilize the histogram program of the graphics software of the above version of Adobe Photoshop7.0 to read each channel image average of red, green, blue, wherein red, green, blue is represented with R, G, B respectively;
Step 4: the blade nitrogen content is analyzed: get the tobacco leaf after the scanning, utilize chemical analysis to measure the blade nitrogen content;
Step 5: color parameter grade classification: according to the relation of RGB and blade nitrogen content, wherein R and B variation difference is not remarkable, and flue-cured tobacco blade nitrogen content and color parameter G correlativity are remarkable, match flue-cured tobacco blade nitrogen content and G linear equation; The blade nitrogen content is divided into 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% 4 grade, corresponding value of dividing RGB, wherein R and B get its mean value, utilize full nitrogen N of flue-cured tobacco blade and G correlativity equation, try to achieve the corresponding G value of four nitrogen content grades of blade;
Step 6: the foundation of leaf colour atla: according to the value of the corresponding RGB of four grades of blade nitrogen content, 4 different color ranges of colour print output are arranged on the card by nitrogen content from small to large, and the interpretation frame is set between the adjacent color range.
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CN110097535A (en) * 2019-03-22 2019-08-06 华南农业大学 The nitrogenous quantity measuring method of plant leaf blade, device, computer equipment and storage medium
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CN114047139A (en) * 2021-11-10 2022-02-15 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 Standard curve color card for representing different nitrogen concentrations of leaves and preparation method and application thereof
CN114166761A (en) * 2021-12-03 2022-03-11 郑其向 Colorimetric card for preventing and controlling plant diseases and predicting plant diseases

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014100856A1 (en) * 2012-12-24 2014-07-03 University Of Technology, Sydney An image processing based method to estimate crop requirements for nutrient fertiliser
CN106124053A (en) * 2016-09-13 2016-11-16 福建金闽再造烟叶发展有限公司 Reconstituted tobacco color measuring and method of adjustment and device
CN106124053B (en) * 2016-09-13 2018-09-21 福建金闽再造烟叶发展有限公司 Reconstituted tobacco color measuring and method of adjustment and device
CN108088563A (en) * 2017-11-22 2018-05-29 湖北省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 A kind of method for building up of eggshell color grade scale and application
CN109632799A (en) * 2019-01-23 2019-04-16 湖北大学 The mobile detection stage division of rice leaf nitrogen content based on machine vision, system and computer readable storage medium
CN110097535A (en) * 2019-03-22 2019-08-06 华南农业大学 The nitrogenous quantity measuring method of plant leaf blade, device, computer equipment and storage medium
CN110097535B (en) * 2019-03-22 2021-05-07 华南农业大学 Plant leaf nitrogen content detection method and device, computer equipment and storage medium
CN112595714A (en) * 2020-11-26 2021-04-02 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 Tobacco nutrition state discrimination method based on mobile phone image analysis
CN114047139A (en) * 2021-11-10 2022-02-15 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 Standard curve color card for representing different nitrogen concentrations of leaves and preparation method and application thereof
CN114166761A (en) * 2021-12-03 2022-03-11 郑其向 Colorimetric card for preventing and controlling plant diseases and predicting plant diseases

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