CN102445421B - Preparation method of leaf colour card used for rapidly diagnosing nitrogen of flue-cured tobacco - Google Patents
Preparation method of leaf colour card used for rapidly diagnosing nitrogen of flue-cured tobacco Download PDFInfo
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- CN102445421B CN102445421B CN 201110287232 CN201110287232A CN102445421B CN 102445421 B CN102445421 B CN 102445421B CN 201110287232 CN201110287232 CN 201110287232 CN 201110287232 A CN201110287232 A CN 201110287232A CN 102445421 B CN102445421 B CN 102445421B
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a leaf colour card used for rapidly diagnosing nitrogen of flue-cured tobacco. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: randomly acquiring tobacco leaves at the same part of flue-cured tobaccos with different nitrogen fertilizer application amounts in field, firstly respectively scanning images of the flue-cured tobaccos by utilizing a scanner, extracting mean value of colour characteristic parameters red, green and blue channels by utilizing graphic software, then determining nitrogen contents of blades of scanned flue-cured tobacco leaves by utilizing a chemical analytical method, classifying the nitrogen contents of the blades into four classes, correspondingly dividing value ranges of RGB (Red, Green and Blue) according torelation between RGB and the nitrogen contents of the blades, printing and outputting four different colour levels, and sequentially arranging according to the nitrogen contents from low to high, thus a flue-cured tobacco blade nitrogen rapid diagnosis leaf colour card is prepared. The leaf colour card prepared by the invention has the characteristics of carrying convenience, simple application method, rapid and reliable determination, high accuracy, low cost and the like. By adopting the leaf colour card prepared by the invention, the requirement for vast majority of peasants and scientific and technical workers to carry out flue-cured tobacco nitrogen diagnosis and real-time fertilization can be met.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to the tobacco planting technology, is exactly a kind of preparation method for quick diagnosis nitrogen of flue-cured tobacco leaf colour atla specifically.
(2) background technology
In the flue-cured tobacco cultivation technology was produced, nitrogen application had become one of technical bottleneck of restriction China's Flue-cured tobacco Quality and output increased.Just existing bibliographical information mainly contains following several diagnostic monitoring method: (1) chemical analysis method: comprise plant analysis, histochemistry and biochemical method, and the soil analysis method etc.Although this class methods measuring accuracy and reliability are high, the method weak point is to need a large amount of human and material resources and financial resources to drop into, and lacks simultaneously ageingly, can not follow the tracks of at any time fertilizer requirement, is unfavorable for large-area applications and the popularization of this type of technology.(2) utilize the SPAD value nitrogen diagnosis technology of chlorophyll meter: the method is according to measuring blade SPAD value, and estimation plant nitrogen content is determined nitrogen application, and the method has been done trial other crop (for example paddy rice, corn and wheat).But in nitrogen of flue-cured tobacco diagnosis and fertilising, fail to apply; In addition, this technical equipment is expensive and the certain professional technique of needs supports.(3) utilize spectral technique to carry out the crop nitrogen nutrition diagnosis: on the one hand, the vegetation index of the reflectivity of comprehensive green glow, ruddiness and near infrared triband carries out fast monitored to the crop N Nutrition, only in the monitoring of rape nitrogen nutrition report is arranged.On the other hand, digital imagery and computer image processing technology, use digital camera obtain obtain behind the crop canopies image canopy red/green glow ratio, and set up good correlationship with chlorophyll meter reading and normalized differential vegetation index NDVI.The method can be accomplished living body measurement, quick, non-destructive diagnosis, but need to use the high-resolution digital camera in the crop nitrogen nutrition diagnosis, in the picture acquisition process, is vulnerable to the impacts such as light intensity, shooting distance, angle.
(3) summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method who is used for quick diagnosis nitrogen of flue-cured tobacco leaf colour atla who measures fast and reliable.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: step is as follows:
Step 1: sampling: in flue-cured tobacco transplanting 30-60d, the flue-cured tobacco 10-20 strain of different amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer planted area is chosen in the field at random, gathers from root the 5th tobacco leaf reciprocal; Every blade at first carries out Image Acquisition, then carries out laboratory chemical analysis blade nitrogen content.
Step 2: Image Acquisition: utilize high-resolution scanner to scan respectively tobacco leaf image, image resolution ratio is 2550 * 3504 pixels, stores with the JPG form;
Step 3: the picture color parameter extracts: utilize the histogram program of the graphics software of the above version of Adobe Photoshop7.0 to read the image average of each passage of red, green, blue, wherein red, green, blue represents with R, G, B respectively.
Step 4: the blade nitrogen content is analyzed: get the tobacco leaf after the scanning, utilize chemical analysis to measure the blade nitrogen content;
Step 5: color parameter grade classification: according to RGB and the nitrogenous the relationship between quantities of blade, wherein R and B variation difference is not remarkable, and Flue-cured nitrogen content and color parameter G correlativity are remarkable, match Flue-cured nitrogen content and G linear equation; The blade nitrogen content is divided into 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% 4 grade, corresponding value of dividing RGB, wherein R and B get its mean value, utilize the full nitrogen N of Flue-cured and G correlativity equation, try to achieve the corresponding G value of four nitrogen content grades of blade;
Step 6: the foundation of leaf colour atla: according to the value of the corresponding RGB of four grades of blade nitrogen content, 4 different color ranges of colour print output are arranged on the card from small to large by nitrogen content, and the interpretation frame is set between the adjacent color range.
A kind of method for quick diagnosis Flue-cured nitrogen of the present invention has the characteristics such as easy to carry, that method simple, measure fast and reliable, cost is low, can satisfy the demand of the diagnosis of vast farmers and scientific worker's nitrogen of flue-cured tobacco and in good time fertilising.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is Flue-cured nitrogen diagnosis leaf colour atla schematic diagram; Among the figure: I, II, III and IV represent respectively blade nitrogen content 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5%.
(5) embodiment
The invention will be further described for example below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1: in conjunction with Fig. 1, and a kind of preparation method for quick diagnosis nitrogen of flue-cured tobacco leaf colour atla of the present invention, step is as follows:
Step 1: sampling: in flue-cured tobacco transplanting 30-60d, the flue-cured tobacco 10-20 strain of different amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer planted area is chosen in the field at random, gathers from root the 5th tobacco leaf reciprocal; Every blade at first carries out Image Acquisition, then carries out laboratory chemical analysis blade nitrogen content;
Step 2: Image Acquisition: utilize high-resolution scanner to scan respectively tobacco leaf image, image resolution ratio is 2550 * 3504 pixels, stores with the JPG form;
Step 3: the picture color parameter extracts: utilize the histogram program of the graphics software of the above version of Adobe Photoshop7.0 to read the image average of each passage of red, green, blue, wherein red, green, blue represents with R, G, B respectively;
Step 4: the blade nitrogen content is analyzed: get the tobacco leaf after the scanning, utilize chemical analysis to measure the blade nitrogen content;
Step 5: color parameter grade classification: according to the nitrogenous the relationship between quantities of R, G, B and blade, wherein R and B variation difference is not remarkable, and Flue-cured nitrogen content and color parameter G correlativity are remarkable, match Flue-cured nitrogen content and G linear equation; The blade nitrogen content is divided into 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% 4 grade, corresponding value of dividing R, G, B, wherein R and B get its mean value, utilize the full nitrogen N of Flue-cured and G correlativity equation, try to achieve the corresponding G value of four nitrogen content grades of blade;
Step 6: the foundation of leaf colour atla: according to the value of four grades of blade nitrogen content corresponding R, G, B, 4 different color ranges of colour print output are arranged on the card from small to large by nitrogen content, and the interpretation frame is set between the adjacent color range.
Embodiment 2: in conjunction with Fig. 1, flue-cured tobacco cultivars was imperial cigarette 911 in 〉Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Nature and Ecology Institute's greenhouse test field pot experiment in 2009 in the present invention.Guarantee phosphorus potassium (70kghm
-2P
2O
5, 145kghm
-2K
2O) under the fixing situation, following 6 different ammonium nitrate are set process: every strain 0g, every strain 7.2g, every strain 9.6g, every strain 12g, every strain 14.4g, every strain 16.8g.Each processes 10 basins.
The present invention is used for quick diagnosis nitrogen of flue-cured tobacco leaf colour atla preparation method, and step is as follows:
Step 1: sampling: 35d behind the flue-cured tobacco transplanting, flue-cured tobacco 10 strains of different amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer planted area are chosen in the field at random, gather from root the 5th tobacco leaf reciprocal; Every blade at first carries out Image Acquisition, then carries out lab analysis blade nitrogen content.
Step 2: Image Acquisition: utilize high-resolution scanner to scan respectively the tobacco leaf picture, image resolution ratio is 2550 * 3504 pixels, stores with the JPG form;
Step 3: the picture color parameter extracts: utilize the histogram program of the graphics software of Adobe Photoshop 7.0 versions to read the image average of each passage of red, green, blue; Red, green, blue represents with R, G, B respectively, sees Table 1.Wherein the R variation is less, average out to 102; G is between 98-180; The B variation is also less, average out to 42.
Step 4: the blade nitrogen content is analyzed: the tobacco leaf of getting corresponding scanning, utilize chemical analysis to measure the blade nitrogen content, its method is: the tobacco sample 0.1g that claims levigate oven dry, place 50ml to disappear and boil pipe, add concentrated sulphuric acid 5ml, little funnel on the bottle lid, 180 ℃ of slowly heating of first low temperature are warming up to 300 ℃ gradually behind Mao Baiyan on digesting.When solution all is brownish black, constantly shake.Dropwise add 30% hydrogen peroxide, boil the liquid clarification until disappear.To disappear and boil liquid and transfer in the kjeldahl apparatus, 5ml reclaims ammonia with the 20g/L BAS, uses 0.01mol/L salt acidometric titration again, calculates nitrogen content according to the hydrochloric acid consumption, sees Table 1.
The Color characteristics parameters RGB of the different nitrogen fertilizer amount Flue-cureds of table 1 and blade nitrogen content
Step 5: color parameter grade classification: set up the nitrogenous the relationship between quantities of RGB and blade, i.e. G=-34.6N+208.3, the full nitrogen N of blade and G be negative correlation extremely significantly.Be divided into 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% 4 critical point by the blade nitrogen content.Corresponding value of dividing RGB: R is 102, B 42 immobilizes, and the G value is respectively 174,156,139,122.
Step 6: rendition becomes colorimetric card: RGB is formed the color range that nitrogen content is divided into 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% 4 critical point by computer software Adobe Photoshop7.0.Nitrogen content is set type from small to large and is made output as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 3:2009 does experiment in Heilongjiang Prov. Inst. of Tobacco Sciences testing field (Ningan City), the organic 23.0gkg of the basic fertile soil of its soil
-1, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 105.6mgkg
-1, rapid available phosphorus 43.70mgkg
-1, available potassium 240.0mgkg
-1Flue-cured tobacco cultivars is imperial cigarette 911.Guarantee phosphorus potassium (70kghm
-2P
2O
5, 145kghm
-2K
2O) under the fixing situation, following 6 nitrogenous fertilizer are set process (0kghm
-2, 15kghm
-2, 30kghm
-2, 45kghm
-2, 60kghm
-2, 75kghm
-2).Supplying examination fertilizer is ammonium nitrate (35%N), coarse whiting (46%P
2O
5) and glazier's salt (54%K
2O).Phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer base are executed, nitrogenous fertilizer base execute and topdress (1: 1).Spacing in the rows 0.5m, line space 1.1m, the long 6m in ridge, residential quarter (6 ridges * 1.1m wide * 6m ridge long) area 39.6m
2, 3 repetitions.
Be used for the preparation method of quick diagnosis nitrogen of flue-cured tobacco leaf colour atla, step is as follows:
Step 1: sampling: behind flue-cured tobacco transplanting 50d, flue-cured tobacco 10 strains of different amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer planted area are chosen in the field at random, gather from root the 5th tobacco leaf reciprocal; Every blade at first carries out Image Acquisition, then carries out laboratory chemical analysis blade nitrogen content.
Step 2: Image Acquisition: utilize high-resolution scanner to scan respectively the tobacco leaf picture, image resolution ratio is 2550 * 3504 pixels, stores with the JPG form;
Step 3: the picture color parameter extracts: the histogram program of Graphics Application software Adobe Photoshop 7.0 reads the image average of each passage of RGB, sees Table 2.Wherein the R variation is less, average out to 105; The G value is between 112-176; The B variation is also less, average out to 41.
Step 4: the blade nitrogen content is analyzed: get the tobacco leaf after correspondence scans, utilize chemical analysis to measure the blade nitrogen content; Its method is: claims the tobacco sample 0.1g of levigate oven dry, places 50ml to disappear and boil pipe, add concentrated sulphuric acid 5ml, and little funnel on the bottle lid, 180 ℃ of slowly heating of first low temperature are warming up to 300 ℃ gradually behind Mao Baiyan on digesting.When solution all is brownish black, constantly shake.Dropwise add 30% hydrogen peroxide, boil the liquid clarification until disappear.To disappear and boil liquid and transfer in the kjeldahl apparatus, 5ml reclaims ammonia with the 20g/L BAS, uses 0.01mol/L salt acidometric titration again.Calculate nitrogen content according to calculating the hydrochloric acid consumption, see Table 2.
The Color characteristics parameters RGB of the different nitrogen fertilizer amount Flue-cureds of table 2 and blade nitrogen content
Step 5: color parameter grade classification: set up the nitrogenous the relationship between quantities of RGB and blade, blade nitrogen content (N) and G extremely remarkable negative correlation, i.e. G=-36.1N+210.4.Be divided into 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% 4 critical point by the blade nitrogen content, corresponding span of dividing RGB: R is 105, B 41 immobilizes, and G is respectively 174,156,138,120.
Step 6: rendition becomes the leaf colour atla: RGB is formed the color range that nitrogen content is divided into 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% 4 critical point by computer software Adobe Photoshop7.0.Set type making output from small to large as shown in Figure 1 by nitrogen content.
Embodiment 4:2010 does experiment in Heilongjiang Prov. Inst. of Tobacco Sciences testing field (Ningan City), the organic 26.2gkg of the basic fertile soil of its soil
-1, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 116.6mgkg
-1, rapid available phosphorus 54.25mgkg
-1, available potassium 258.37mgkg
-1Test design: flue-cured tobacco cultivars, imperial cigarette 911.Guarantee phosphorus potassium (70kghm
-2P
2O
5, 145kghm
-2K
2O) under the fixing situation, following 6 nitrogenous fertilizer are set process (0kghm
-2N, 15kghm
-2N, 30kghm
-2N, 45kghm
-2N, 60kghm
-2N, 75kghm
-2N).Supplying examination fertilizer is ammonium nitrate (35%N), coarse whiting (46%P
2O
5) and glazier's salt (54%K
2O).Phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer base are executed, nitrogenous fertilizer base execute and topdress (1: 1).Spacing in the rows 0.5m, line space 1.1m, the long 6m in ridge, residential quarter (6 ridges * 1.1m wide * 6m ridge long) area 39.6m
2, 3 repetitions.
Be used for the preparation method of quick diagnosis nitrogen of flue-cured tobacco leaf colour atla, step is as follows:
Step 1: sampling: behind flue-cured tobacco transplanting 50d, flue-cured tobacco 10 strains of above-mentioned different amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer planted area are chosen in the field at random, gather from root the 5th tobacco leaf reciprocal; Every blade at first carries out Image Acquisition, then carries out laboratory chemical analysis blade nitrogen content.
Step 2: Image Acquisition: utilize high-resolution scanner to scan respectively the tobacco leaf picture, image resolution ratio is 2550 * 3504 pixels, stores with the JPG form;
Step 3: the picture color parameter extracts: the histogram program of Graphics Application software AdobePhotoshop7.0 reads the image average of each passage of RGB, sees Table 3.Wherein the R variation is less, average out to 103; G is between 115-183; The B variation is also less, average out to 39.
Step 4: the blade nitrogen content is analyzed: get the tobacco leaf of corresponding scanning, utilize chemical analysis to measure the blade nitrogen content; Its method is: claims the tobacco sample 0.1g of levigate oven dry, places 50ml to disappear and boil pipe, add concentrated sulphuric acid 5ml, and little funnel on the bottle lid, 180 ℃ of slowly heating of first low temperature are warming up to 300 ℃ gradually behind Mao Baiyan on digesting.When solution all is brownish black, constantly shake.Dropwise add 30% hydrogen peroxide, boil the liquid clarification until disappear.To disappear and boil liquid and transfer in the kjeldahl apparatus, 5ml reclaims ammonia with the 20g/L BAS, uses 0.01mol/L salt acidometric titration again, calculates nitrogen content according to calculating the hydrochloric acid consumption, sees Table 3.
The Color characteristics parameters RGB of the different nitrogen fertilizer amount Flue-cureds of table 3 and blade nitrogen content
Step 5: color parameter grade classification: by RGB and the nitrogenous the relationship between quantities of blade, the full nitrogen N of blade and G be negative correlation, i.e. G=-36.7N+209.3 extremely significantly; Be divided into 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% 4 critical point by the blade nitrogen content.Corresponding span of dividing RGB: because R and B variation are little, get respectively its mean value, R is 103, B 39 immobilizes; According to the full nitrogen N of nitrogen content substitution blade corresponding to four critical points and the linear equation of G, try to achieve G and be respectively 173,154,136,118;
Step 6: rendition becomes the leaf colour atla: RGB is formed the color range that nitrogen content is divided into 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% 4 critical point by computer software Adobe Photoshop7.0.Nitrogen content is set type from small to large and is made output as shown in Figure 1.
Nitrogen of flue-cured tobacco leaf colour atla application example:
Behind the flue-cured tobacco transplanting land for growing field crops in the 30-60d, with this leaf colour atla place flue-cured tobacco from root the 5th blade reciprocal, be close to blade, read nitrogen content by the comparison of interpretation frame.
Claims (1)
1. a preparation method who is used for quick diagnosis nitrogen of flue-cured tobacco leaf colour atla is characterized in that, step is as follows:
Step 1, sampling: in flue-cured tobacco transplanting 30-60d, the flue-cured tobacco 10-20 strain of different amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer planted area is chosen in the field at random, gathers from root the 5th tobacco leaf reciprocal, and every blade at first carries out Image Acquisition, is used for chemical analysis and measures the blade nitrogen content;
Step 2, Image Acquisition: utilize high-resolution scanner to scan respectively tobacco leaf image, image resolution ratio is 2550 * 3504 pixels, stores with the JPG form;
Step 3, picture color parameter are extracted: utilize the histogram program of the graphics software of the above version of Adobe Photoshop7.0 to read the image average of each passage of red, green, blue, wherein red, green, blue represents with R, G, B respectively;
Step 4, blade nitrogen content are analyzed: get the tobacco leaf after the scanning, utilize chemical analysis to measure the blade nitrogen content;
Step 5, color parameter grade classification: according to RGB and the nitrogenous the relationship between quantities of blade, wherein R and B variation difference is not remarkable, and Flue-cured nitrogen content and color parameter G correlativity are remarkable, match Flue-cured nitrogen content and G linear equation; The blade nitrogen content is divided into 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% 4 grade, corresponding value of dividing RGB, wherein R and B get its mean value, utilize Flue-cured content and G correlativity equation, try to achieve the corresponding G value of four nitrogen content grades of blade;
The foundation of step 6, leaf colour atla: according to the value of the corresponding RGB of four grades of blade nitrogen content, 4 different color ranges of colour print output are arranged on the card from small to large by nitrogen content, and the interpretation frame is set between the adjacent color range.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2014100856A1 (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2014-07-03 | University Of Technology, Sydney | An image processing based method to estimate crop requirements for nutrient fertiliser |
| CN106124053B (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2018-09-21 | 福建金闽再造烟叶发展有限公司 | Reconstituted tobacco color measuring and method of adjustment and device |
| CN108088563A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-05-29 | 湖北省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | A kind of method for building up of eggshell color grade scale and application |
| CN109632799A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-04-16 | 湖北大学 | The mobile detection stage division of rice leaf nitrogen content based on machine vision, system and computer readable storage medium |
| CN110097535B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2021-05-07 | 华南农业大学 | Plant leaf nitrogen content detection method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN112595714B (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2022-12-06 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Tobacco nutrition state discrimination method based on mobile phone image analysis |
| CN114047139A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-02-15 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Standard curve color card for representing different nitrogen concentrations of leaves and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114166761A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-11 | 郑其向 | Colorimetric card for preventing and controlling plant diseases and predicting plant diseases |
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