WO2016101740A1 - 一种用于vxWorks的CPU占用率检测方法和系统 - Google Patents

一种用于vxWorks的CPU占用率检测方法和系统 Download PDF

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WO2016101740A1
WO2016101740A1 PCT/CN2015/095092 CN2015095092W WO2016101740A1 WO 2016101740 A1 WO2016101740 A1 WO 2016101740A1 CN 2015095092 W CN2015095092 W CN 2015095092W WO 2016101740 A1 WO2016101740 A1 WO 2016101740A1
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static variable
task
statistical time
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吴乾锋
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邦彦技术股份有限公司
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/30Monitoring
    • G06F11/34Recording or statistical evaluation of computer activity, e.g. of down time, of input/output operation ; Recording or statistical evaluation of user activity, e.g. usability assessment

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  • the invention relates to a CPU occupancy detection method and system for vxWorks, belonging to the field of embedded operating systems.
  • VxWorks The operating system is an embedded real-time operating system (RTOS) designed and developed by WindRiver in the United States in 1983. It is a key component of the embedded development environment, with good continuous development capability, high-performance kernel and friendly user development environment. , occupying a place in the field of embedded real-time operating systems. With its good reliability and excellent real-time performance, it is widely used in high-tech and high-tech fields such as communications, military, aviation, and aerospace, such as satellite communications, military exercises, ballistic guidance, and aircraft. Navigation, etc.
  • RTOS real-time operating system
  • Second: By creating two special tasks, one with the highest priority and one with the lowest priority, a loop with a large number of cycles is used in this highest priority task to take up all CPU time. Record the count value for a period of time; then set a task with the lowest priority. The CPU will schedule the task when all tasks are stopped. This task records the count when no other tasks occupy the CPU, and finally the CPU is occupied by the algorithm. rate (total -idle)% total.
  • both algorithms require a hardware system with a correspondingly high-precision auxiliary clock. In order to save costs, there is usually no such clock. Compared with the first method, it is not necessary to accurately calculate the CPU usage of each task. The total CPU usage of the system can be used; the second is to calculate the occupancy of the entire system, but it must be interrupted by the hardware clock.
  • the present invention separately proposes a CPU occupancy detection method and system for vxWorks to calculate the total CPU usage of the system without requiring a hardware clock of relatively high precision.
  • a CPU occupancy detection method for vxWorks which includes the steps of:
  • the statistical time is provided by a delay function.
  • step S2 the static variable is first divided by 100 before the count value of the static variable is saved to a comparison base.
  • step S3 the lowest priority task is executed only when no other tasks occupy the CPU, so that the static variables are incremented when the CPU is idle during the statistical time.
  • a CPU occupancy detection system for vxWorks including:
  • the statistics counting module starts a task with the lowest priority before the user task starts after the VxWorks system task is started, and sets a statistical time to increment a static variable and record the count value from the statistical time until the The statistical time is over;
  • the comparison cardinality obtaining module saves the count value of the recorded static variable to a comparison base and clears the static variable when the statistical time of the task corresponding to the lowest priority ends.
  • the idle count module in a statistical time, the lowest priority task increments the static variable and records the count value when the VxWorks system is idle;
  • An incremental calculation module that starts a higher priority task to calculate an incremental value of a static variable in each statistical time
  • Occupancy calculation module Calculate the CPU usage rate by using the ratio of the incremental value of the recorded static variable to the comparison base.
  • the statistical time is provided by a delay function.
  • the comparison base acquisition module is further configured to divide the static variable by 100 before saving the count value of the static variable to a comparison base.
  • the idle count module is further arranged such that the lowest priority task is executed only when no other tasks occupy the CPU to increment the static variables when the CPU is idle during the statistical time.
  • the present invention has the following significant advantages and benefits:
  • the CPU occupancy detection method and system for vxWorks does not require the hardware system to be equipped with a corresponding high-precision auxiliary clock, and only needs a delay function, such as the system function taskDelay().
  • the CPU occupancy detection according to the present invention is simple, easy to use, and highly flexible. If the software implementation code is very short and versatile, it can be used as a stand-alone unit and can be added to or detached from the system at any time.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 it is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for detecting CPU usage of vxWorks according to the present invention, including the steps of:
  • the statistical time t may be provided by a delay function f, for example, by a 2-second delay of a system function taskDelay(), or may be set to a longer or shorter other stable uniform delay.
  • a delay function f for example, by a 2-second delay of a system function taskDelay(), or may be set to a longer or shorter other stable uniform delay.
  • the lowest priority task A is executed only when no other tasks occupy the CPU, so that the static variable s is incremented when the CPU is idle during the statistical time t. Therefore, the increment value c is also obtained by counting the static variables s, but since the lowest priority task A is executed only when no other tasks occupy the CPU, the static variables s may not always count continuously, and it is possible to have other
  • a high-priority task is inserted, that is, when the CPU is not idle, the counting is aborted, and when the higher-priority task ends, that is, when the CPU is idle again, the counting is continued, and finally the static variable s is output.
  • the lowest priority task A counts and records the static variable s; in the n+1th statistical time t, likewise, the lowest priority task A continues to count and record the static variable s .
  • the higher priority task B is executed once every statistical time t, and the incremental value c of the static variable s is obtained by calculating the change of the static variable s of the two statistical time t before and after.
  • the static variable s is divisible, for example divisible by 100, and then stored in another static variable s as the comparison base r.
  • it may also include the step of printing out CPU usage for subsequent use.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart diagram of another embodiment of a CPU occupancy detecting method for vxWorks according to the present invention.
  • a task A with the lowest priority of 255 at the user entry, causing it to execute an infinite loop, for example by simply setting a static variable s that is initially 0 to 1 and simultaneously passing the delay function f.
  • the delay is a statistical time t, for example, 2 seconds. At this time, no other tasks occupy the CPU, and the static variable s is continuously incremented by 1 in these 2 seconds.
  • the statistical time t is set, and during the statistical time t, the lowest priority task A is incremented and the count value is recorded when the VxWorks system is idle.
  • a CPU occupancy detection system for vxWorks includes:
  • the statistical counting module after the VxWorks system task is started, before the user task starts, starts a lowest priority task A, and sets a statistical time t to increment and record the static variable s from the statistical time t. Value until the end of the statistical time t;
  • the idle count module during a statistical time t, the lowest priority task A increments the static variable s and records the count value when the VxWorks system is idle;
  • the incremental calculation module starts a higher priority task B to calculate the incremental value c of the static variable s in each statistical time t;
  • Occupancy calculation module Calculate the CPU usage rate by using the ratio of the incremental value c of the recorded static variable s to the comparison base r.
  • the CPU occupancy detection method and system for vxWorks does not require the hardware system to configure a corresponding high-precision auxiliary clock, and only needs the system function taskDelay() delay to complete the statistical time t. , saving costs.
  • the CPU occupancy detection method and system according to the present invention have simple functions, are easy to use, and have high flexibility. If the software implementation code is very short and versatile, it can be used as a stand-alone unit, and can be added to or removed from the system at any time. .

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Abstract

一种用于vxWorks的CPU占用率检测方法及其系统,该方法包括:(S1)在用户任务启动前,启动一最低优先级的任务,以从一统计时间开始对一静态变量进行递加并记录其计数值,直至该统计时间结束;(S2)对应该统计时间结束时,将记录的静态变量的计数值保存至一比较基数中,以及将静态变量清零;(S3)在一统计时间内,该最低优先级的任务在VxWorks系统空闲时对静态变量进行递加并记录其计数值;(S4)启动一较高优先级的任务,以计算每一统计时间内的静态变量的增量值;(S5)利用记录的静态变量的增量值与比较基数之比计算出CPU占用率。

Description

一种用于vxWorks的CPU占用率检测方法和系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于vxWorks的CPU占用率检测方法和系统,属于嵌入式操作系统领域。
背景技术
VxWorks 操作系统是美国WindRiver公司于1983年设计开发的一种嵌入式实时操作系统(RTOS),是嵌入式开发环境的关键组成部分,具有良好的持续发展能力、高性能的内核以及友好的用户开发环境,在嵌入式实时操作系统领域占据一席之地。它以其良好的可靠性和卓越的实时性被广泛地应用在通信、军事、航空、航天等高精尖技术及实时性要求极高的领域中,如卫星通讯、军事演习、弹道制导、飞机导航等。在美国的 F-16、FA-18战斗机、B-2 隐形轰炸机和爱国者导弹上,甚至连1997年4月在火星表面登陆的火星探测器、2008年5月登陆的凤凰号,和2012年8月登陆的好奇号也都使用到了VxWorks。
目前有多种在嵌入式计算机操作系统中检测CPU占用率的方法,例如,目前在嵌入式操作系统vxWorks中主要有两种CPU占用率检测的方法。
第一种:通过spy工具利用辅助定时器产生中断,并且为每个任务维护一个计数器。然后记下被中断的任务,并且将该任务的计数器加一。经过一段时间后,每个任务的计数器反映了该任务占用CPU利用率的情况。很明显,这是利用抽样技术。并且得到的cpu利用率的准确程度取决于任务的持续性和周期性。
第二种:通过创建两个特殊的任务,一个优先级别最高的任务和一个优先级别最低的任务,在这个优先级别最高的任务里运行一个循环次数很大的循环用于占用所有的CPU时间,记录一段时间内计数值;然后再设置一个优先级别最低的任务,当所有任务都停止时CPU才会调度此任务,此任务记下在无其他任务占用CPU的情况下计数,最后通过算法CPU占用率 = (total -idle)% total。
但这两种算法都需要硬件系统配备相应高精度的辅助时钟,为了节约成本,通常没有这样的时钟,相对第一种方法来说,精确计算各任务CPU占用率没有必要,作为报警需要,计算系统总的CPU占用率即可;第二种虽然是计算整个系统的占用率,但必须需要硬件时钟的中断才能实现。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的缺陷,本发明分别提出了一种用于vxWorks的CPU占用率检测方法和系统,以在不需要精度相当高的硬件时钟下计算系统的总的CPU占用率。
为了实现上述目的,根据本发明的采用以下的技术方案:
根据本发明的一个方面,提出了一种用于vxWorks的CPU占用率检测方法,其包括步骤:
S1:在VxWorks系统任务启动后,用户任务启动前,启动一最低优先级的任务,同时设置一统计时间,以从统计时间开始对一静态变量进行递加并记录其计数值,直至该统计时间结束;
S2:对应该最低优先级的任务的统计时间结束时,将记录的静态变量的计数值保存至一比较基数中,以及将静态变量清零;
S3:在一统计时间内,该最低优先级的任务在VxWorks系统空闲时对静态变量进行递加并记录其计数值;
S4:启动一较高优先级的任务,以计算每一统计时间内的静态变量的增量值;
S5:利用记录的静态变量的增量值与比较基数之比,计算出CPU占用率。
优选地,所述统计时间由一延时函数提供。
优选地,在步骤S5中,CPU占用率=100-增量值/比较基数。
优选地,在步骤S2中,在将静态变量的计数值保存至一比较基数之前,先将静态变量整除100。
优选地,在步骤S3中,最低优先级的任务仅在无其他任务占用CPU时执行,以在统计时间内CPU空闲时对静态变量进行递加。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提出了一种用于vxWorks的CPU占用率检测系统,包括:
统计计数模块,在VxWorks系统任务启动后,用户任务启动前,启动一最低优先级的任务,同时设置一统计时间,以从统计时间开始对一静态变量进行递加并记录其计数值,直至该统计时间结束;
比较基数获取模块,对应该最低优先级的任务的统计时间结束时,将记录的静态变量的计数值保存至一比较基数中,以及将静态变量清零;
空闲计数模块,在一统计时间内,该最低优先级的任务在VxWorks系统空闲时对静态变量进行递加并记录其计数值;
增量计算模块,启动一较高优先级的任务,以计算每一统计时间内的静态变量的增量值;
占用率计算模块:利用记录的静态变量的增量值与比较基数之比,计算出CPU占用率。
优选地,所述统计时间由一延时函数提供。
优选地,占用率计算模块还设置为,使CPU占用率=100-增量值/比较基数。
优选地,比较基数获取模块还设置为,在将静态变量的计数值保存至一比较基数之前,先将静态变量的整除100。
优选地,空闲计数模块还设置为,以使最低优先级的任务仅在无其他任务占用CPU时执行,以在统计时间内CPU空闲时对静态变量进行递加。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下显著优点和有益效果:
根据本发明的用于vxWorks的CPU占用率检测方法和系统,不需要硬件系统配备相应高精度的辅助时钟,只需要一延时函数,例如系统函数taskDelay()来实现。根据本发明的CPU占用率检测实现简单,易用,灵活性高,若采用软件实现代码非常简短,通用性强,可作为一个独立单元,可随时加入系统或从系统中剥离。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做进一步的说明,其中:
图1是根据本发明一实施例的流程图;
图2是根据本发明另一实施例的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
现结合图1-2,对本发明的具体实施例进行详细描述,以示例性地说明本发明的技术方案。
如图1所示,为根据本发明的用于vxWorks的CPU占用率检测方法的一实施例的流程图,包括步骤:
S1:在VxWorks系统任务启动后,用户任务启动前,启动一最低优先级的任务A,同时设置一统计时间t,以从统计时间t开始对一静态变量s进行递加并记录其计数值i,直至统计时间t结束。
具体地,所述统计时间t可由一延时函数f提供,例如通过一系统函数taskDelay()的一段2秒的延时来提供,也可设置为更长或更短的其他稳定的统一的延时,作为统计时间t。
S2:对应最低优先级的任务A的统计时间t结束时,将记录的静态变量s的计数值i保存至一比较基数r中,以及将静态变量s清零。
S3:示例性地,在用户任务启动后,设置统计时间t,在统计时间t内,使最低优先级的任务A在VxWorks系统空闲时对静态变量s进行递加并记录其计数值。
S4:启动一较高优先级的任务B,以计算每一统计时间t内的静态变量s的增量值c。
具体地,最低优先级的任务A仅在无其他任务占用CPU时执行,以在统计时间t内CPU空闲时对静态变量s进行递加。因此,增量值c也是通过对静态变量s进行计数而得到,但由于最低优先级的任务A仅在无其他任务占用CPU时执行,静态变量s可能并非一直连续计数,有可能在其他具有更高优先级的任务插入时,即在CPU不空闲时中止计数,待该更高优先级的任务结束时,即在CPU再度空闲时继续计数,最终输出静态变量s。
假设在第n个统计时间t内,最低优先级的任务A计数并记录静态变量s;在第n+1个统计时间t内,同样地,最低优先级的任务A继续计数并记录静态变量s。较高优先级的任务B在每一个统计时间t执行一次,通过计算前后两个统计时间t的静态变量s的变化,得出静态变量s变化的增量值c。
S5:利用记录的静态变量s的增量值c与比较基数r之比,计算出CPU占用率。
较高优先级的任务B,利用记录的静态变量s的增量值c与比较基数r之比,计算出CPU占用率,CPU占用率=100-增量值c/比较基数r,或者CPU占用率 = (1 - (统计时间t内空闲计数值i) / (统计时间t内总计数值i))* 100。
由于计算机语言中‘/’是代表取整,并不会算小数点后的数值,为了规避这个问题及减小误差,在将静态变量s的计数值i保存至一比较基数r之前,可以先将静态变量s整除,例如整除100,然后保存在另一静态变量s中作为比较基数r。
示例性地,还可包括打印出CPU占用率的步骤,以供后续使用。
如图2所示,为根据本发明的用于vxWorks的CPU占用率检测方法的另一实施例的流程示意图。
在用户入口处启动一个优先级为255的最低优先级的任务A,使其执行一个死循环,例如通过仅仅设置让一初始为0的静态变量s递加1,并同时通过延时函数f,例如taskDelay(),时延一个统计时间t,例如2秒,此时并无其他任务占用CPU,在这2秒内不断的给静态变量s递加1。
将静态变量s清零。
示例性地,在用户任务启动后,设置统计时间t,在统计时间t内,使最低优先级的任务A在VxWorks系统空闲时对静态变量s进行递加并记录其计数值。
发起一个例如优先级为21的较高优先级的任务B,每一个统计时间t执行一次该任务,其功能是根据前后两次静态变量s的变化的增量值c与比较基数r之比得出CPU占用率。例如,通过CPU占用率=100–增量值c/比较基数r来计算。
最后,打印和/或输出CPU占用率。
根据本发明的再一实施例,为用于vxWorks的CPU占用率检测系统,包括:
统计计数模块,在VxWorks系统任务启动后,用户任务启动前,启动一最低优先级的任务A,同时设置一统计时间t,以从统计时间t开始对一静态变量s进行递加并记录其计数值,直至该统计时间t结束;
比较基数获取模块,对应该最低优先级的任务A的统计时间结束时,将记录的静态变量s的计数值保存至一比较基数r中,以及将静态变量s清零;
空闲计数模块,在一统计时间t内,该最低优先级的任务A在VxWorks系统空闲时对静态变量s进行递加并记录其计数值;
增量计算模块,启动一较高优先级的任务B,以计算每一统计时间t内的静态变量s的增量值c;
占用率计算模块:利用记录的静态变量s的增量值c与比较基数r之比,计算出CPU占用率。
通过上述实施例可以看出,根据本发明的用于vxWorks的CPU占用率检测方法和系统,不需要硬件系统配置相应的高精度辅助时钟,只需要系统函数taskDelay()延时来完成统计时间t,节约了成本。根据本发明的CPU占用率检测方法和系统,功能实现简单,易用,灵活性高,若采用软件实现代码非常简短,通用性强,可作为一个独立单元,可随时加入系统或从系统中剥离。
以上所述,只是本发明的较佳实施例而已,本发明并不局限于上述实施方式,只要其以相同的手段达到本发明的技术效果,都应属于本发明的保护范围。在本发明的保护范围内其技术方案和/或实施方式可以有各种不同的修改和变化。即使个别的技术特征在不同的权利要求中引用,本发明还可包含共有这些特征的实施例。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于vxWorks的CPU占用率检测方法,其特征在于,包括步骤:
    (S1):在VxWorks系统任务启动后,用户任务启动前,启动一最低优先级的任务,同时设置一统计时间,以从统计时间开始对一静态变量进行递加并记录其计数值,直至该统计时间结束;
    (S2):对应该最低优先级的任务的统计时间结束时,将记录的静态变量的计数值保存至一比较基数中,以及将静态变量清零;
    (S3):在一统计时间内,该最低优先级的任务在VxWorks系统空闲时对静态变量进行递加并记录其计数值;
    (S4):启动一较高优先级的任务,以计算每一统计时间内的静态变量的增量值;
    (S5):利用记录的静态变量的增量值与比较基数之比,计算出CPU占用率。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于vxWorks的CPU占用率检测方法,其特征在于,所述统计时间由一延时函数提供。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于vxWorks的CPU占用率检测方法,其特征在于,在步骤(S5)中,CPU占用率=100-增量值/比较基数。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种用于vxWorks的CPU占用率检测方法,其特征在于,在步骤(S2)中,在将静态变量的计数值保存至一比较基数之前,先将静态变量整除100。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于vxWorks的CPU占用率检测方法,其特征在于,在步骤(S3)中,最低优先级的任务仅在无其他任务占用CPU时执行,以在统计时间内CPU空闲时对静态变量进行递加。
  6. 一种用于vxWorks的CPU占用率检测系统,其特征在于,包括:
    统计计数模块,在VxWorks系统任务启动后,用户任务启动前,启动一最低优先级的任务,同时设置一统计时间,以从统计时间开始对一静态变量进行递加并记录其计数值,直至该统计时间结束;
    比较基数获取模块,对应该最低优先级的任务的统计时间结束时,将记录的静态变量的计数值保存至一比较基数中,以及将静态变量清零;
    空闲计数模块,在一统计时间内,该最低优先级的任务在VxWorks系统空闲时对静态变量进行递加并记录其计数值;
    增量计算模块,启动一较高优先级的任务,以计算每一统计时间内的静态变量的增量值;
    占用率计算模块:利用记录的静态变量的增量值与比较基数之比,计算出CPU占用率。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种用于vxWorks的CPU占用率检测系统,其特征在于,所述统计时间由一延时函数提供。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的一种用于vxWorks的CPU占用率检测系统,其特征在于,占用率计算模块还设置为,使CPU占用率=100-增量值/比较基数。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种用于vxWorks的CPU占用率检测系统,其特征在于,比较基数获取模块还设置为,在将静态变量的计数值保存至一比较基数之前,先将静态变量的整除100。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的一种用于vxWorks的CPU占用率检测系统,其特征在于,空闲计数模块还设置为,以使最低优先级的任务仅在无其他任务占用CPU时执行,以在统计时间内CPU空闲时对静态变量进行递加。
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