Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
  • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
  • F24F13/082—Grilles, registers or guards
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
  • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
  • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
  • F24F13/06—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
  • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
  • F24F13/06—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser
  • F24F2013/0608—Perforated ducts

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of air conditioning or air conditioning ducts aaulic and door, in particular, a side blower mouth for a ventilation duct and an air duct provided with at least one such mouth blower .
• An air duct is a duct intended to supply air to a given space.
• the space may be, for example, a part of a building, a vehicle interior, etc.
• blowing outlets in fluid communication with the interior of a main duct or its secondary branches are arranged on the walls of these ducts at the borders. of said space. It is generally desired that the jet of air exiting a blower mouth implanted on the main or secondary sheath does so in a direction as perpendicular as possible with the wall on which it is implanted, therefore perpendicular to the flow passing through the sheath. .
• the air jets at the outlet of the lateral discharge mouths have, relative to the direction of the flow of air in the ventilation duct, an angle deflection which is large enough to allow effective air conditioning of the space to be air-conditioned.
• a deflection angle of 30 ° really appears as the minimum allowable value. Ideally, one would even like to obtain a deflection angle of 90 °.
• the French patent application FR 2358620 A1 discloses a lateral blowing mouth for obtaining air jets substantially perpendicular to the ventilation duct at the outlet.
• This blowing mouth is mounted in a longitudinal wall of the ventilation duct and comprises a plurality of blowing openings each formed by a slot and a respective fixed fin.
• the fins consist of thin waves corrugated to present, inner side of the sheath a Vogellic, a concavity turned towards the air flow and, on the outside, an opposite concavity such that two successive fins form a passage perpendicular to said longitudinal wall.
• the present invention aims to solve the problems encountered with the known blowholes described above, and thus to provide a lateral blower outlet for taking a large amount of air flow from a ventilation duct and from it. communicating a sufficient directivity, without however greatly disturbing the flow in the duct downstream of the blowing mouth, so that several blowing mouths can be arranged closely along the duct without the obligation to use section reduction downstream of each blow-out.
• the subject of the invention is a lateral blow-off mouth located or intended to be located in a longitudinal wall of an air-duct sheath along which, in use, air flows
• the blow-out mouth comprising at least three blowing apertures aligned with respect to an axis of the sheath, in the mean direction of flow of air in the ventilation duct and each formed by a slot and a fixed fin, the slots forming part of a flat surface or cylindrical which is parallel or intended to be parallel to said longitudinal wall, each fin extending from the downstream edge, with respect to said mean flow direction, of the respective slot, to project into the interior of the the air duct, the fins each having a so-called guide face which is rotated or intended to be turned in a direction opposite to said mean direction of flow so that each fin is able to deflect a portion of the air flowing in the air duct and to guide it to the respective slot, through which the air exits the air duct
• the blower mouth being characterized by the fact than :
• a central axis of the guide face of each fin defined as a segment connecting the midpoints of its attached and free edges, is inclined, with respect to the axis of the sheath, towards the upstream side edge of the respective slot,
• the central axis of the guiding face of each of the first and last fins is inclined at an angle inclination respectively between 10 ° and 35 ° and between 60 ° and 85 °
• the angle of inclination of the central axes of the guide faces of the second fin to the penultimate fin increases gradually, and the width of the guide face of each of the second fin to the last fin is equal to or greater than that of the fin immediately upstream.
• mean direction of air flow or “flow axis” is understood to mean the mean direction followed by the non-sampled part of the air flowing in the ventilation duct, which direction will correspond to the longitudinal direction of the ventilation duct.
• contour of the guide face of each of the vanes is geometrically identical to the contour of the respective slot.
• the air blower mouth may be such that, for the first fin at the penultimate fin, each slot is rectangular and has a width L fe nte equal to L sheath / 3 and a height H fe nte equal to H sheath / 2, and spacing E between two successive slots is equal to L sheath / 6.
• the spacing between two slots here being the distance from the downstream edge of one fin to the upstream edge of the next.
• the air-blowing mouth may be such that, for the first fin-to-last fin, each slot has a profile which is rectangular in projection in a diametral plane and has a width L fe nte equal to D sheath / 3 and a projection height in this plane H fe nte equal to D sheath / 2, and the spacing E between two successive slots is equal to D sheath / 6.
• the spacing between two slots here being the distance from the downstream edge of one fin to the upstream edge of the next.
• the air blowing opening may be such that for the last fin, the respective slot has a width L 'f equal ga te L ⁇ ne / 2, or where appropriate at D sheath / 2, and a height H 'slot equal to H sheath / 2, or where appropriate to D sheath / 2, and the spacing P' between the downstream edges of the last two slots is equal to 2L sheath / 3 or if necessary 2D sheath / 3.
• the guide faces of the first fin to the penultimate fin are flat and their angle of inclination is a linear function of the rank of the fin, with a permissible deviation +/- 15% between the theoretical line and the actual value of the angle of inclination, preferably a deviation of -10%, for each from the first fin to the antepenultimate fin, and preferably a deviation of + 10%, for the penultimate fin.
• said linear function advantageously has a steering coefficient equal to 90 ° / N.
• the guide face of the last fin may be flat and preferably have an angle of inclination of 85 ° at its base.
• the last fin (wider than the others) may be provided, at the free end of the fin, a terminal spoiler having a deflection surface in the extension of the guide face of the fin, the deflection surface being inclined, with respect to the surface containing the slots, an angle between 10 ° and 40 °, preferably equal to 25 °.
• each fin will have its central axis passing through the middle of the free edge of the fin and the middle of the edge of the base of the fin contiguous to the slot associated with said fin, each central axis being inclined, with respect to the axis of the sheath, towards the upstream side edge of the respective slot,
• the central axis of each of the first and last fins that is to say fin respectively of first rank and last row with respect to the axis of the sheath is inclined at an angle of inclination respectively between 10 ° and 35 ° and between 60 ° and 85 °
• the inclination angle of the central axes of the second fin to the penultimate fin, c ' that is to say the fins of the second row in the penultimate rank with respect to said mean direction of flow, increases gradually
• each guide face of each of the second fin to the last fin is equal to or greater than that of the fin immediately upstream
• each fin the guide faces of each fin are concave downstream of their central axis.
• each concave guide face of the first fin to the last fin may be subdivided into at least two successive planes.
• each guide face consists of a concave surface with a continuous radius of curvature.
• the central points of the free edges of the different fins will all be located on a line that is inclined relative to the axis of the sheath.
• the fins may have a thickness that increases continuously from the free edge of the fin to the base of the latter.
• the lateral blowing mouth also comprises, for each fin, a so-called outer fin which extends, outside the cladding, on the other side of the surface containing the fins. slots and which has, in the extension of the guide face of the fin corresponding, a guide face which is perpendicular to the surface containing the slots.
• the outer fins may have a thickness that increases continuously from the free edge of the outer fin to the base of the latter.
• the present invention also relates to a ventilation duct provided with at least one side blower as defined above.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 are views respectively in longitudinal section and in perspective, of a ventilation duct provided with a side blowing mouth according to a first embodiment of the present invention
• Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 1, a variant of the first embodiment
• FIG. 4 is a simulation view of an air flow through an air duct provided with the lateral blow-out mouth of FIG. 3, the zones of different speeds having been represented;
• Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 1, a second embodiment of the present invention
• Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 1, of a third embodiment of the present invention
• FIG. 7 is a simulation view of an air flow through an air duct provided with two lateral blow outlets of FIG. 6, the zones of different speeds having been represented;
• FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of a ventilation duct provided with two side blow vents according to an alternative embodiment of this third embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 1 it can be seen that there is shown a ventilation duct, designated duct 1 thereafter, provided with a side blower 2 according to a first embodiment.
• the sheath 1 is a conventional sheath made of thin sheets of rectangular cross section.
• the blowing mouth 2 is formed in a flat longitudinal wall 1a of the sheath 1 and consists of several pairs of slots 3 / fins 4, each pair forming a blowing opening 5 through which air can exit the sheath 1.
• the fins 4 are rectangular or square and obtained by cutting the sheet forming the wall 1a, then folding towards the inside of the sheath 1 around a fold line orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the sheath 1, thus leading to the formation of the slots 3 geometrically identical to the fins 4, the latter being flat.
• the fold line corresponds to the edge 3a of the slot 3 which is located downstream, and each fin 4 is inclined towards the edge 3b, opposite the edge 3a, of the respective slot 3.
• Each fin 4 has, on the slot side 3, a guide face 4a which is here flat and inclined with respect to the plane of the longitudinal wall of which the slots 3 are part, thus also with respect to the axis ⁇ of the sheath 1.
• the axis ⁇ passes through the center of gravity of the section of the duct.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 and for each fin 4 show a central axis D TH of the guiding face 4a, 4 'a which is defined as a segment connecting the midpoints of the attached and free edges of the fin considered ( see also Figure 2). Each segment materializes the general direction of the wing considered.
• the blowing mouth 2 comprises five blowing openings 5: five slots 3 with which are associated five fins 4.
• the number of blowing openings 5 can be modified according to various parameters such as: that the dimensions of the air duct and the space to be air-conditioned, the speed of air flow in the duct, etc.
• the blow openings 5 are aligned in the longitudinal direction of the sheath 1 and the first blow opening 5, or first row opening, and thus the first fin 4 and the first slot 3, are defined as the opening blowing 5 most upstream.
• the second blowing opening 5, or of second rank, is that immediately following the first blowing opening 5, and so on.
• the last blow opening, the last fin and the last slot will subsequently be designated by the reference numerals 5 ', 4' and 3 '.
• the dimensions of the first to fourth blow openings 5 have the following characteristics:
• the angle of inclination of the guide faces 4a increases gradually from the first fin 4 to the penultimate 4 by following a linear function of the rank of the fin 4 of equal steering coefficient at 90 ° / N (N being the number of fins).
• N being the number of fins.
• the steering coefficient is equal to 18 °.
• the guide faces 4a (and central axes D TH ) of the first to fourth fins 4 have for example here an inclination angle of 19 ° respectively. , 33 °, 50 ° and 74 °, to compare with the values of the theoretical line of 18 °, 36 °, 54 ° and 72 °.
• the fifth blow opening 5 has the following characteristics:
• the angle of inclination of the guide face 4 'a is 85 °.
• the spoiler 4'b has been obtained by folding the sheet metal part forming the fin 4 'in the vicinity of the free edge of the latter, around a fold line parallel to the edge 3' a and orthogonal to the mean direction of flow (ie to the axis ⁇ of the sheath).
• the spoiler 4'b is here inclined at 25 ° with respect to the longitudinal wall 1a of the sheath 1.
• FIG. 4 it can be seen that there is shown a simulation of the air flow in the sheath 1 of FIG. 3, by its isovessness lines in four domains: high speeds in the A domain, average speeds in the B domain, characteristic plume blowing rates in the C domains, intermediate speeds in the D domains and reduced speeds in the E domains.
• blowing mouth 2 makes it possible to obtain at the outlet a plume having a deflection angle of approximately 35 ° with respect to the mean direction of flow of air in the sheath. 1.
• the simulation also shows that the blower 2 takes 23% of the amount of air arriving at the blower 2 in the duct 1.
• the blower 2 thus allows both to take a significant amount of air and to communicate air jets a satisfactory deflection angle.
• the invention thus makes it possible to obtain a relatively large air withdrawal without disturbing the airflow. .
• the differences of intrusion of a fin to the next allow the downstream fin to make a sample of air without being too disturbed by the upstream fin.
• the efficiency of the fins that follow the first is reduced, the air flow generally bypassing the fins downstream.
• FIG. 5 it can be seen that the longitudinal wall 11a of a ventilation duct 11 provided with a lateral blower 12 according to a second embodiment is shown in longitudinal section. of the present invention, which is composed of five blow openings 15 each formed by a slot 13 and a fin 14.
• the blowing mouth 12 is in the form of a module comprising a frame which is mounted in a corresponding cutout made in the longitudinal wall 11a and which is fixed thereto by any appropriate means (clipping, riveting, bolting, etc.), and across which extend the fins 14 spaced apart from each other so as to define in the same alignment the slots 13.
• the fins 14 are distinguished from the fins 4 in that the guide faces 14a are concave, with the concavity oriented opposite to the mean direction of flow of the air, and the fins 14 are formed by profiles having a thickness. which gradually increases from their free edge to their base.
• FIG. 5 shows by dashed lines D TH the central axes of each fin 14, 14 '.
• each central axis D TH is a line that passes through the middle of the free edge 14b, 14'b of the fin and the middle of the edge of the base 14c, 14 'c of the fin which is contiguous to the slot 13, 13' associated with said fin.
• each central axis D TH is inclined, with respect to the axis ⁇ of the sheath 1, to the edge upstream side 13b, 13 'b of the slot in question.
• each of the first and last fins 14, 14 ' that is to say the fins of first rank 14 and last row 14' respectively with respect to the axis ⁇ of the sheath and in the direction of flow, is inclined with an angle of inclination respectively between 10 ° and 35 ° (for the fins of first rank) and between 60 ° and 85 ° (for the last fin).
• each guide face 14a, 14 'a of each of the second fin 14 to the last fin 14' is equal to or greater than that of the fin 14 immediately upstream.
• central points of the free edges 14b, 14'b of the different vanes are all located on a straight line ⁇ which is inclined with respect to the axis ⁇ of the sheath.
• This embodiment differs from the previous ones in that the guide faces 14a of each fin are no longer merged with the central axes D TH but are concave downstream of their central axis D TH .
• FIG. 5 which shows a blow mouth cut off by a median plane
• the third fin 14 constitutes the so-called central fin.
• the blowing openings 15, 15 still have the following characteristics:
• the tangent to the base 14c of the first fin 14 is inclined at an angle of 65 °
• angles of inclination of the tangents to the vertices 14b and 14'b of the fourth and fifth fins 14 and 14 ' are respectively 65 ° and 27 °.
• the fins 14 and 14 ' have a thickness which increases continuously from the free edge of the fin 14 and 14' to their base where, with the exception of the last fin 14 ', the thickness is such that the fin 14 joins the edge of the upstream side of the slot 13 of the blow opening 15, 15 'immediately following.
• the thickness follows a similar growth of the fin thickness to about 2/3 of the width of the fin 14', then a higher growth in order to join gradually the longitudinal wall 11a.
• each guide face therefore consists of a concave surface with a continuous radius of curvature of the base 14c, 14 'c of the fin at the top 14b, 14'b of said fin.
• each concave guide face 14a of the first fin 14 to the last fin 14 ' may be subdivided into at least two successive planes which will intersect at a middle portion of each fin (for example half height of each fin).
• blowing mouth 12 which differs from that of the second embodiment only in that one provides, in correspondence of each of the fins 14, 14 ', outer fins 16 which provide a deflection angle of 90 °.
• outer fins 16 which provide a deflection angle of 90 °.
• the outer fins 16 are all formed by a prismatic element whose bases are right triangles, with a lateral guiding face 16a perpendicular to the longitudinal wall 11a and extending in the extension of the guiding face 14a, 14 'a of the respective fin 14, 14 ', an inclined side face 16b turned away from the sheath 1 and a side face against the underside of the fin 14, 14'.
• the outer fins 16 are dimensioned such that for the first to fourth fins 14, the thickness of the outer fin 16 at the longitudinal wall 11a is substantially equal to that of the base of the respective fin 14.
• the outer fins 16 are here separate fins 14, 14 'and are integral with those ci by any appropriate means (welding, gluing, screwing, riveting ).
• the connecting means may be specific to each outer fin 16 or, more advantageously, it may be possible to make a plate which will carry all the outer fins 16 and which will allow to fix them to the sheath 1.
• the outer fins 16 comprise a softer core, having areas of lower density (represented by the small circles), surrounded by a layer of protective material harder and stiffening.
• the fins 14, 14 'and the outer fins 16 may be integrally formed.
• blowing mouth 12 makes it possible to obtain at the outlet a plume having a deflection angle of approximately 90 °.
• the simulation also shows that the sampling rate is around 25%.
• the fins 14, 14 'do not disturb the flow of the air that has not been sampled, with a rapid gluing of the air against the longitudinal wall 11a of the air-flow duct 11, which which makes it possible to place several lateral blow-out vents 12 one after the other while maintaining the same efficiency (sampling rate, directivity of the air jets).
• the blowing mouth 2 according to the first embodiment could also be in the form of a module distinct from the sheath, which is formed in a similar manner to the blower mouth 12 by a frame through which extends the fins 4, 4 ', and which is fixed to the sheath by any suitable means.
• Figure 8 describes an alternative embodiment of this third mode. This variant is also close the mode according to Figure 3 which it differs only by the addition of external fins 6 which are made in the form of thin sheets (all of the same length) which join the fins 4, 4 'at their base and which are perpendicular to the wall la of the sheath.
• This variant makes it possible, as described with reference to FIG. 6, to strongly deflect the air jets at the outlet.
• a deflection angle of about 90 ° can be obtained with a sampling rate of about 25%.
• the invention has been described with reference to rectangular section ducts. It is also possible to implement it with cylindrical sheaths. In this case the slots 3, 3 ', 13 or 13' are no longer located in a plane but are part of a cylindrical surface which may be the wall of the sheath or a wall attached to the sheath.
• the calculation modes of the slots explained above apply by replacing the expressions of the height H sheath and the width L sheath of the sheath by the diameter D sheath of the sheath.
• the slots 3, 13 are carried by a cylindrical surface and are no longer rectangular but have a profile which is rectangular in projection in a diametral plane of the sheath.
• the width L fe nte will then preferably be equal to D sheath / 3 and the height of the slit in projection in this diametral plane H fe nte will be equal to D sheath / 2.
• the spacing E between two successive slots 3, 13 will preferably be equal to Dg a i n e / 6.
• blow vents similar to those shown in FIGS. 1, 3, 5, 6 or 8 but in which the first fin (upstream) and / or the last fin (downstream) and that their associated slots are omitted.
• Such a solution will have degraded sampling performance compared to the preferred modes described above, but it may be sufficient in certain applications.
• These embodiments will always include according to the invention a progressivity of the opening of the fins therefore their intrusion into the sheath, and possibly their width.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
• Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)

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Citations (5)

• 2014
  • 2014-12-19 FR FR1402938A patent/FR3030698B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2015
  • 2015-12-17 EP EP15830812.2A patent/EP3234473B1/fr active Active
  • 2015-12-17 WO PCT/FR2015/053606 patent/WO2016097639A1/fr active Application Filing
• 2017
  • 2017-06-13 IL IL252872A patent/IL252872B/he active IP Right Grant

Patent Citations (5)

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