WO2016094979A1 - Cleaning appliance for endoscopy procedures, and use thereof - Google Patents

Cleaning appliance for endoscopy procedures, and use thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016094979A1
WO2016094979A1 PCT/BR2015/000154 BR2015000154W WO2016094979A1 WO 2016094979 A1 WO2016094979 A1 WO 2016094979A1 BR 2015000154 W BR2015000154 W BR 2015000154W WO 2016094979 A1 WO2016094979 A1 WO 2016094979A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
temperature
reservoir
fluid
control
flow
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/BR2015/000154
Other languages
French (fr)
Portuguese (pt)
Inventor
Huei Diana LEE
Wu Feng CHUNG
Cláudio Saddy Rodrigues COY
João José FAGUNDES
Renato Bobsin MACHADO
Narco Afonso MACIEJEWSKI
Raquel Franco LEAL
Maria de Lourdes Setsuko AYRIZONO
Newton SPOLAÔR
Moacir FONTEQUE, Jr.
Original Assignee
Universidade Estadual De Campinas - Unicamp
Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná - Unioeste
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Application filed by Universidade Estadual De Campinas - Unicamp, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná - Unioeste filed Critical Universidade Estadual De Campinas - Unicamp
Publication of WO2016094979A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016094979A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/168—Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body
    • A61M5/172—Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body electrical or electronic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/012—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor
    • A61B1/015—Control of fluid supply or evacuation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/12—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with cooling or rinsing arrangements
    • A61B1/126—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with cooling or rinsing arrangements provided with means for cleaning in-use
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/12—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with cooling or rinsing arrangements
    • A61B1/128—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with cooling or rinsing arrangements provided with means for regulating temperature
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/44—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for cooling or heating the devices or media

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the field of medical science; specifically to the field of devices for introducing materials into or depositing on the body.
  • the present invention is a washing apparatus in endoscopic procedures. More specifically, said apparatus is used for the optimization of the lavage fluid instillation process into the body cavities, either in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.
  • Digestive endoscopic procedures are invasive methods performed through equipment called endoscopes. In addition to the professional's experience, the quality of these procedures also depends on the efficiency of the equipment and accessories used.
  • Digestive endoscopy equipment has several auxiliary ducts or channels inserted into the endoscopic tube. Through the instrumentation channel it is possible not only to insert the auxiliary instruments of the procedure, but also to pump fluids to the distal end of the device in order to remove secretions and other organic elements present in the gastric and colic mucosae.
  • Syringes and irrigation pumps are currently the equipment used to pump liquids to endoscopy equipment, both with advantages and disadvantages.
  • US 8187218 claims a rigid and flexible stretch tubular device which encapsulates an endoscope tube from its distal end, enhancing its functionality from the arrangement of scrubbing and suction channels.
  • US 8652089 describes an apparatus and method for inflating the body cavity made for minimally invasive endoscopic procedures.
  • US patent documents US 4650462, US 4998914 and US 5460490 deal with devices for the same purpose, but only with a peristaltic pump in the inlet channel.
  • US Patent Document 5503626 anticipates a similar technology, but the peristaltic pump is positioned in the outlet channel.
  • a spray to be introduced into an endoscope for spraying liquids is anticipated in US 6354519 and US 8439829.
  • Chinese patent document CN202554588 relates to an endoscopic irrigation equipment capable of washing liquid heating, in which the peristaltic pumping mechanism is directly connected to the liquid heating reservoir, thus the temperature The working fluid temperature is determined solely by the temperature of the fluid contained in the reservoir.
  • this Chinese document there is no option for instantaneous reduction or control of working liquid temperature, and there is no mention of a liquid flow and / or volume control system.
  • the present invention is a flushing apparatus with automatic control of fluid flow, volume, pressure and temperature in endoscopic procedures.
  • the invention further relates to the use of an endoscopy apparatus with automatic control of fluid flow, volume, pressure and temperature in endoscopic procedures.
  • Figure 1 Schematic view of the washer in endoscopy procedures with automatic control of fluid flow, temperature, volume and pressure.
  • FIG. 2B view of the refrigerant system by means of a compressor, an alternative means for providing fluid cooling.
  • FIG. 4A Schematic view of the hydraulic pump with closed loop control and sensor for volumetric control by mechanical coupling to the drive system.
  • FIG. 4B Schematic view of the hydraulic pump with closed loop control and sensor for hydraulic type volumetric control, coupled to the hydraulic pump outlet duct.
  • FIG. 5 Flowchart of the activation method of the cooling and heating systems of the liquid reservoirs.
  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for washing in endoscopic procedures comprising automatic control of flow, volume, temperature and pressure of fluids, electronic control means (1.1); a refrigerated reservoir (1.2); a heated reservoir (1.3); hydraulic pumps (1.4); an air filter (1.5); mixers (1.6) and (1.7); the outlet (1.9); and a manometric pressure sensor (1.8).
  • the control means (1.1) comprises an electronic board (1.1.1) provided with micro controllers, digital and analog signal input and output interfaces, power control and communication interfaces; a control interface (1.1.2) for entering the desired temperature and fluid flow values; and a display (1.1.3) for displaying the configured operating parameters.
  • the electronic board (1.1.1) connects to the other components of the apparatus of the invention in order to manage the operation of each component.
  • the plate (1.1.1) manages and controls the temperature in the cooling (1.2) and heating (1.3) reservoirs; the control interface; managing the rotation and power of each of the hydraulic pumps (1.4); manages the temperature, volume and flow of the outlet liquid in the mixers (1.6) and (1.7) and the pressure of the liquid reaching the endoscope via the hydraulic circuit outlet (1.9) by means of. of a gauge pressure sensor (1.8).
  • the control interface (1.1.2) comprises a set of actuators with a dual-stage mechanical drive system. Actuation occurs by the actuation pressure, the elevation level of the actuator, the direct pressure from one of the actuators or, by direct pressure from a set of actuators.
  • control interface (1.1.2) is a crankset and the drivers are pedals.
  • This embodiment of the invention has the advantage of making it possible to control the temperature, flow, pressure and volume parameters of the fluid without the use of hands, which can thus remain controlling the endoscope during the medical procedure.
  • the display (1.1.3) indicates the value of fluid temperature, pressure, flow, and volume parameters that have been entered via the control interface (1.1.2).
  • the refrigerated reservoir (1.2) stores fluids; It has the ability to cool and maintain them at low temperatures as pre-set by the user of the washer in endoscopic procedures of the invention.
  • the fluid is a liquid, such as, for example, water.
  • the refrigerated reservoir (2A) comprises container (2.1), lid (2.2) which tightly seals the container, temperature sensor (2.10) and means for cooling the fluid and keeping it at a constant temperature.
  • An embodiment of the present invention with respect to the cooling means of the refrigerated reservoir (1.2) comprises the cylinder (2.3) having a prior art refrigerant gas contained under pressure (FIGURE 2A).
  • the refrigerant gas is released through the flow regulating valve (2.4), which has a servo mechanism controllable by the control board (1.1.1), which acts directly on the valve locking device. This allows continuous flow regulation from fully closed to fully open condition.
  • the gas released by the valve is conveyed to the reservoir through the pipe (2.5) giving access to the container (2.1) through the connector (2.6), which internally connects with the coil.
  • the connector (2.6) is configured as a flow restricting valve, where the gas transfers to the internal cavity of the coil (2.7), reducing its pressure and, consequently, the temperature drop of the refrigerant gas.
  • the coil (2.7) is constructed inside the heatsink (2.9) and makes contact with all its fins.
  • Flow-controlled circulating gas / refrigerant is capable of cooling the heatsink coil assembly (2.7)
  • the exhaust point (2.8) contains a device for reducing gas noise and a protection of the coil ducts against solid particle entry, which comprises a small foam tube contained within the exhaust point ( 2.8).
  • Gas flow regulation is by a compensated closed loop control system.
  • the intensity of the flow is adjusted to keep the temperature within the value entered in the control means (1.1 ) .
  • 0 sensor Temperature (2.10) obtains the fluid temperature and communicates with the electronics board (1.1.1) assisting in the final temperature setting.
  • the refrigerated container ( Figure 2) further comprises heat absorbers (2.11) which are preferably Peltier pellets.
  • the heat absorbers (2.11) have the hot face coupled to the outer heatsinks (2.12) and the cold face coupled to the inner heatsink (2.9) by means of the bases (2.13) which serve for coupling and thermal conduction.
  • the external heatsinks (2.12) have exhaust fans to increase the heat flow during the cooling of the pads.
  • the control system may turn on the heat absorbers (2.11) to keep the system within the cooling control curve.
  • the system enters the temperature maintenance mode via the heat absorbers (2.11).
  • the inserts may operate in a relay regime, linearly regulating the drive power controlled by a compensation system, or alternating the on and off states by techniques known as pulse width modulation (PWM).
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • the final temperature fluctuates within a minimum range around the set temperature.
  • a further embodiment of the present invention with respect to the cooling means of the refrigerated reservoir (2) comprises a small size refrigeration system in which the refrigerant is trapped in a circuit (FIGURE 2B). It basically sets up a thermal machine that operates in the cooling cycles.
  • FIG. 2B shows how the alternate refrigeration cycle works.
  • the refrigerant is introduced at high pressure into the coil inlet connector (2.22) and is discharged into a low pressure environment in a manner similar to that already explained above.
  • Refrigerant is conducted through the coil outlet conductor (2.19) due to the low pressure generated by the compressor inlet (2.20).
  • the refrigerant is again under high pressure and, as a result of the thermal effect of the refrigerant, at elevated temperature.
  • the heatsink (2.21) the excessive coolant temperature is reduced due to the device's ability to dissipate heat to the environment. This completes the cycle.
  • the refrigerated reservoir ( Figure 2) further comprises a fluid circulator comprising a set of propellers (2.14) fixed to a drive shaft (2.15) which is coupled to a motor (2.16) located on the cap of the reservoir.
  • a fluid circulator comprising a set of propellers (2.14) fixed to a drive shaft (2.15) which is coupled to a motor (2.16) located on the cap of the reservoir.
  • the refrigerated reservoir (2) is connected to the pump mechanism (1.4.1) through hoses connected to the outlet (2.17).
  • the vent (2.18) acts as a vent for regulating the internal pressure of the reservoir.
  • the heating reservoir (3) comprises the reservoir (3.1) and the hermetic lid (3.2).
  • This reservoir further comprises the electrical resistor (3.3) inserted below the heatsink (3.4) and the propeller (3.5), through which an electric current circulates so that the dissipated power occurs in the form of heat, a phenomenon known as the Joule effect.
  • the intensity of the electric current is controlled by the power circuit controlled by the electronic board (1.1.1), which generates the pulse width modulated control signal (PWM), whose operating cycle defines the power dissipated in the resistor (3.3). .
  • PWM pulse width modulated control signal
  • Peltier inserts (3.6) are assembled with inverted faces compared to inserts used in the cold water tank. That is, the hot face faces the heatsink (3.4) through the coupling bases (3.7) and the cold faces connect to the outer heatsinks (3.8), which absorb heat from the environment and transfer it to the hot face and consequently for the internal heatsink (3.4).
  • the temperature sensor (3.9) detects the temperature inside the reservoir (3.1).
  • the motor (3.10) drives the shaft (3.11) which is coupled to the propeller (3.5), circulating the fluid between the heatsink fins (3.4) making the fluid heating faster and more homogeneous.
  • the reservoir drive and thermal control systems act on experimentally obtained temperature control curves. These curves describe the best cooling or heating dynamics of reservoir fluid by considering the desired time set the temperature by adjusting the control to the volume of supply fluid which is estimated by its rate of change in temperature.
  • the cooling or heating method is represented by Figure (5). It starts with setting the parameters of the liquid temperature control systems contained in the reservoirs (5b) through the control interface (1.1.2), guided by the information shown on the display (1.1.3).
  • the control system implemented by software and circuit boards (1.1.1) then records the reservoir temperature (5c) and establishes the best reference curve (5d) for the control of the thermal media drive based on current temperature of the liquid contained in the reservoirs, the user-defined final temperature and the temperature set time, which can be set in modes such as slow, medium and fast or even approximate times.
  • the control system establishes the activation power of the thermal media (5f) from the calculation of the error value (5e), obtained by the difference between the temperature of the liquid conducted in the reservoir and the reference temperature indicated by the control curve at the time the interruption event (5h) occurs for the recording of temperatures (5i) by sensors (2.10) and (3.9).
  • This method allows the optimization of the fluid temperature establishment time, the actuation power of the heat absorption and dissipation means and, consequently, the energy consumption of the equipment.
  • the hydraulic pump (1.4) of the apparatus shown comprises a driving element (4.1); a hydraulic mechanism (1.4); a means for measuring liquid flow
  • the driving element (4.1) is performed by an electric motor capable of operating with direct or alternating current and whether or not containing switching brushes. Its drive shaft (4.9) drives the hydraulic mechanism (1.4) which can be of the positive displacement type as the alternative, peristaltic and blowcases pumps or the kinetic type as the centrifugal and friction pumps.
  • This drive circuit (4.3) can be made on a stand-alone board or on the board itself (1.1.1). Examples of specific motors are two-phase or three-phase servomotors and step motors.
  • an electromechanical flow sensor (4.2), such as Hall effect or optical sensors, is required to associate the movement of the drive (4.1) and hydraulic (1.4) systems to the volume of pumped liquid.
  • This type of sensor known in the art converts the angular speed of the motor coupling shaft (4.9)
  • volumetric sensor 4.11 known in the art, positioned after the outlet (4.6 ) of the hydraulic mechanism (1.4) such as turbine and vortex flow meters. This type of sensor acts on the flow of fluid passing through its structure between its terminals.
  • control of the washer in endoscopic procedures is done by a closed loop system.
  • a closed loop system enables the user previously set the parameters' operation of the washing apparatus in endoscopic procedures through control interface (1.1.2). That is, the user can configure the flow, pressure, temperature, time and volume of the ejected fluid.
  • the fluidic control system managed by the electronic board (1.1.1), drives each of the pumps (1.4) to operate in continuous rotation proportional to the set ⁇ flow and temperature, measured based on. hydraulic flow (4.2) and
  • m volumetric data of the liquid, such as flow or volume
  • the instillation temperature control curves establish the drive power parameters of each hydraulic pump, considering the dynamic variation of the temperature of the hydraulic tubes at the moment of instillation, estimated by sensors (1.6.3) and (1.7. 3) installed in the mixers.
  • each endoscopy equipment in an installation scenario is associated with an appropriate temperature control curve to ensure the multipurpose characteristics of this device.
  • Volume can be configured in two ways, as a safety limiter of transferred fluid volume, or reconciled with operating time.
  • the pumps (1.4) When the volume is set as a safety limiter, regardless of the flow setting parameters, the pumps (1.4) will automatically shut down upon reaching the preset volume amount in a single drive. This prevents accidents with unintentional drives.
  • the control of the hydraulic pumps establishes an adequate flow so that the volume is instilled at the user determined time. Thus, when the preset time is reached, the pump mechanisms will shut down automatically even if the control interface (1.1.2) is held down.
  • the pump (1.4.3) connected to the air filter (1.5) aims to instill gaseous fluid into the hydraulic system in order to mix gas and liquid in the outlet line (1.9).
  • Gaseous fluid can be intermittently instilled for the purpose of inserting columns air in the pipes thus generating instantaneous oscillations at the flow velocities observable at the moment of escape of the air column from the distal end, which has an effect on the attack pressure of the liquid on the secretion to be removed, thus promoting improved cleaning efficiency.
  • the air filter (1.5) serves to remove impurities from the air that is injected into the washer in endoscopic procedures of the invention.
  • Mixers (1.6) and (1.7) are in the shape of a "Y" and each has two inputs and one output. Each inlet has a one-way valve capable of preventing fluid return.
  • the mixer (1.6) controls the mixture between the cooled fluid released by the cooled reservoir (1.2) and the heated fluid released by the heated reservoir (1.3) thereby more efficiently regulating the final temperature of the circulating fluid.
  • One of the advantages of the device is its potential ability to instantly change the temperature of the washer fluid during liquid instillation processes. For example, to change the temperature of the washer fluid initially set at 40 ° C to a temperature of 10 ° C set by the control interface (1.1.2), whether or not maintaining the same flow rate, the concept allows you to do it instantly from the combination of drive of each pump by the established control method.
  • Another advantage is its ability to automatically adapt to endoscopes with distinct instrumentation channel constructive characteristics.
  • the method is capable of operating on endoscopes with different diameters and lengths of liquid channels, so that the variations in flow and pressure generated between The equipment is evaluated and compensated by the electronic board control system (1.1.1).
  • Controlling the final fluid temperature is important because, for example, fluid heated to a given temperature is able to assist and increase the effectiveness of removal of debris adhering to the colic or gastric mucosa whose degrees of dissolubility are influenced by water temperature, for example: coagulated blood, purulent secretions and stool particles. Chilled fluid at a low temperature, on the other hand, has a positive effect on the process of diminishing hemorrhagic foci due to the local vasoconstriction phenomenon.
  • Output may be an endoscopic probe.
  • a gauge pressure sensor (1.8) may be coupled, making it possible to connect the washer of the present invention to laparoscopic endoscopy, arthroscopy, bronchoscopy, cystoscopy, hysteroscopy and other equipment for expansion fluid procedures.
  • cavity volume observation body by continuous control of the cavity's radiometric pressure; and also for instant equipment pump stops (emergency condition) if the cavity is expanded and there is any clogging of the endoscopy equipment drainage channel connected to the expanded cavity.
  • the invention also relates to the use of endoscopy apparatus with automatic control of fluid flow, volume, pressure and temperature in endoscopic procedures.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a cleaning appliance with an automatic fluid flow rate, volume, pressure and temperature for endoscopic procedures; it solves the problems associated with the automatic control of flow rate, pressure, volume and temperature of fluids injected in endoscopes, which is still rather uncomfortable for users during procedures in the digestive system.

Description

APARELHO DE LAVAGEM EM PROCEDIMENTOS DE ENDOSCOPIA ; E USO . CAMPO DA INVENÇÃO  WASHING APPLIANCE IN ENDOSCOPY PROCEDURES; I JUST . FIELD OF INVENTION
[001] A presente invenção pertence ao campo da ciência médica; especificamente ao campo dos dispositivos para introdução de materiais no corpo ou depositá-las sobre o mesmo .  The present invention belongs to the field of medical science; specifically to the field of devices for introducing materials into or depositing on the body.
[002] A presente invenção trata-se de um aparelho de lavagem em procedimentos endoscópicos. Mais especificamente, o referido aparelho é utilizado para a otimização do processo de instilação de fluido de lavagem para as cavidades corpóreas, sejam em procedimentos diagnósticos ou terapêuticos .  The present invention is a washing apparatus in endoscopic procedures. More specifically, said apparatus is used for the optimization of the lavage fluid instillation process into the body cavities, either in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.
ESTADO DA TÉCNICA  TECHNICAL STATE
[003] Os procedimentos endoscópicos digestivos são métodos invasivos realizados através dos equipamentos denominados endoscópios . Além da experiência do profissional, a qualidade desses procedimentos depende também da eficiência dos equipamentos e dos acessórios utilizados .  [003] Digestive endoscopic procedures are invasive methods performed through equipment called endoscopes. In addition to the professional's experience, the quality of these procedures also depends on the efficiency of the equipment and accessories used.
[004] Os equipamentos de endoscopia digestiva apresentam diversos dutos ou canais auxiliares inseridos no tubo endoscópico. Por meio do canal de instrumentação é possível não apenas inserir os instrumentos auxiliares do procedimento, mas também bombear fluidos até a extremidade distai do aparelho com a finalidade de remover secreções e outros elementos orgânicos presentes nas mucosas gástricas e cólicas.  Digestive endoscopy equipment has several auxiliary ducts or channels inserted into the endoscopic tube. Through the instrumentation channel it is possible not only to insert the auxiliary instruments of the procedure, but also to pump fluids to the distal end of the device in order to remove secretions and other organic elements present in the gastric and colic mucosae.
[005] Essas impurezas são prejudiciais no ponto de vista da precisão diagnostica, pois podem camuflar ou, até mesmo, encobrir determinadas lesões na superfície da mucosa, sendo possível uma anomalia passar despercebida aos olhos dos especialistas. [005] These impurities are detrimental from the point of view of diagnostic accuracy as they may camouflage or even cover up certain lesions on the mucosal surface. possible an anomaly go unnoticed in the eyes of experts.
[006] Atualmente, as seringas e bombas de irrigação são os equipamentos utilizados para bombear líquidos aos equipamentos de endoscopia, ambos apresentam vantagens e desvantagens .  [006] Syringes and irrigation pumps are currently the equipment used to pump liquids to endoscopy equipment, both with advantages and disadvantages.
[007] 0 estado da técnica apresenta algumas alternativas às seringas e bombas de irrigação. Por exemplo, a patente US 8187218 reivindica um dispositivo tubular, com um trecho rígido e outro flexível, o qual encapsula um tubo de endoscópio a partir de sua extremidade distai, incrementando suas funcionalidades a partir da disposição de canais de lavagem e de sucção.  The state of the art presents some alternatives to syringes and irrigation pumps. For example, US 8187218 claims a rigid and flexible stretch tubular device which encapsulates an endoscope tube from its distal end, enhancing its functionality from the arrangement of scrubbing and suction channels.
[008] O documento americano de patente US 8652089 descreve um equipamento e um método para insuflar a cavidade corpórea feita para procedimentos endoscópicos minimamente invasivos. Os documentos americanos de patente US 4650462, US 4998914 e US 5460490 tratam de dispositivos com a mesma finalidade, porém com o emprego somente de uma bomba peristáltica no canal de entrada.  US 8652089 describes an apparatus and method for inflating the body cavity made for minimally invasive endoscopic procedures. US patent documents US 4650462, US 4998914 and US 5460490 deal with devices for the same purpose, but only with a peristaltic pump in the inlet channel.
[009] O documento de patente americano US 5503626 antecipa uma tecnologia semelhante, porém a bomba peristáltica é posicionada no canal de saída.  US Patent Document 5503626 anticipates a similar technology, but the peristaltic pump is positioned in the outlet channel.
[010] Outra alternativa é antecipada pelos documentos americanos de patente US 4261360, US 5556378, US 5246422 e US 4902276 que apresentam uma bomba peristáltica no canal de entrada e outra no canal de saída.  Another alternative is anticipated by US patent documents US 4261360, US 5556378, US 5246422 and US 4902276 which feature a peristaltic pump in the inlet channel and another in the outlet channel.
[011] A substituição da bomba peristáltica por uma bomba centrífuga é antecipada pelos documentos americanos de patente US 5464391 e US 6436072. O documento americano US 5630798 emprega uma bomba peristáltica no canal de entrada e uma bomba de engrenagem no canal de saída. 0 documento americano US 5814009 antecipa o emprego de uma bomba pneumática no canal de entrada. 0 documento americano US 5152746 descreve o emprego de uma bomba de um pistão no canal de entrada. [011] The replacement of the peristaltic pump with a centrifugal pump is anticipated by US patent documents US 5464391 and US 6436072. US document US 5630798 employs a peristaltic pump in the inlet channel and a gear pump in the outlet channel. US 5814009 anticipates the use of a pneumatic pump in the inlet channel. US 5152746 describes the use of a piston pump in the inlet channel.
[012] Um spray para ser introduzido em um endoscópio para pulverizar líquidos é antecipado nos documentos americanos US 6354519 e US 8439829.  [012] A spray to be introduced into an endoscope for spraying liquids is anticipated in US 6354519 and US 8439829.
[013] Finalmente, o documento chinês de patente CN202554588 se refere a um equipamento para irrigação endoscópica com capacidade de aquecimento do líquido de lavagem, no qual, o mecanismo de bombeamento peristáltico está conectado diretamente ao reservatório de aquecimento de líquido, assim, a temperatura do fluido de trabalho é determinada unicamente pela temperatura do fluido contido no reservatório. Neste documento chinês, não há opção de redução ou do controle instantâneo da temperatura do líquido de trabalho, bem como, não há menção a um sistema de controle de vazão e/ou volume do líquido.  Finally, Chinese patent document CN202554588 relates to an endoscopic irrigation equipment capable of washing liquid heating, in which the peristaltic pumping mechanism is directly connected to the liquid heating reservoir, thus the temperature The working fluid temperature is determined solely by the temperature of the fluid contained in the reservoir. In this Chinese document, there is no option for instantaneous reduction or control of working liquid temperature, and there is no mention of a liquid flow and / or volume control system.
[014] Desta forma, fica evidenciado que o estado da técnica não é ainda capaz de solucionar os problemas relativos ao controle automático de volume, vazão e temperatura dos fluidos injetados em endoscópios, fato que traz ainda um certo desconforto aos usuários durante procedimentos no sistema digestório.  [014] Thus, it is evident that the state of the art is not yet able to solve the problems related to the automatic control of volume, flow and temperature of fluids injected into endoscopes, a fact that still brings some discomfort to users during system procedures. digestive.
BREVE DESCRIÇÃO DA INVENÇÃO  BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[015] A presente invenção trata de um aparelho de lavagem com controle automático da vazão, volume, pressão e temperatura de fluidos em procedimentos endoscópicos. [016] A invenção trata ainda do uso do aparelho de endoscopia com controle automático da vazão, volume, pressão e temperatura de fluidos em procedimentos endoscópicos. [015] The present invention is a flushing apparatus with automatic control of fluid flow, volume, pressure and temperature in endoscopic procedures. [016] The invention further relates to the use of an endoscopy apparatus with automatic control of fluid flow, volume, pressure and temperature in endoscopic procedures.
BREVE DESCRIÇÃO DOS DESENHOS  BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[017] Para se obter uma completa visualização dos objetivos da presente invenção, é necessária a leitura deste documento e a análise dos desenhos que o acompanham e aos quais se faz referências conforme segue abaixo.  [017] In order to obtain a full view of the objects of the present invention, it is necessary to read this document and analyze the accompanying drawings to which reference is made as follows.
[018] Figura 1 - vista esquemática do aparelho de lavagem em procedimentos de endoscopia com controle automático da vazão, temperatura, volume e pressão de fluidos.  [018] Figure 1 - Schematic view of the washer in endoscopy procedures with automatic control of fluid flow, temperature, volume and pressure.
[019] Figura 2A - vista explodida do reservatório refrigerado .  [019] Figure 2A - exploded view of refrigerated reservoir.
[020] Figura 2B - vista do sistema refrigerante por meio de compressor, um meio alternativo para proporcionar o resfriamento do fluido.  [020] Figure 2B - view of the refrigerant system by means of a compressor, an alternative means for providing fluid cooling.
[021] Figura 3 - vista explodida do reservatório de aquecimento.  [021] Figure 3 - exploded view of the heating reservoir.
[022] Figura 4A - vista esquemática da bomba hidráulica com controle em malha fechada e sensor para controle volumétrico por acoplamento mecânico ao sistema motriz.  [022] Figure 4A - Schematic view of the hydraulic pump with closed loop control and sensor for volumetric control by mechanical coupling to the drive system.
[023] Figura 4B - vista esquemática da bomba hidráulica com controle em malha fechada e sensor para controle volumétrico tipo hidráulico, acoplado ao duto de saída da bomba hidráulica.  [023] Figure 4B - Schematic view of the hydraulic pump with closed loop control and sensor for hydraulic type volumetric control, coupled to the hydraulic pump outlet duct.
[024] Figura 5 - fluxograma do método de acionamento dos sistemas de resfriamento e aquecimento dos reservatórios de líquidos .  [024] Figure 5 - Flowchart of the activation method of the cooling and heating systems of the liquid reservoirs.
DESCRIÇÃO DETALHADA DA INVENÇÃO  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[025] A presente invênção se refere a um aparelho de lavagem em procedimentos endoscópicos que compreende controle automático da vazão, volume, temperatura e pressão de fluidos, meios de controle eletrônico (1.1); um reservatório refrigerado (1.2); um reservatório aquecido (1.3); bombas hidráulicas (1.4); um filtro de ar (1.5); misturadores (1.6) e (1.7); a saída (1.9); e um sensor de pressão manométr.ica (1.8) . [025] The present invention relates to an apparatus for washing in endoscopic procedures comprising automatic control of flow, volume, temperature and pressure of fluids, electronic control means (1.1); a refrigerated reservoir (1.2); a heated reservoir (1.3); hydraulic pumps (1.4); an air filter (1.5); mixers (1.6) and (1.7); the outlet (1.9); and a manometric pressure sensor (1.8).
[026] Os meios de controle (1.1) compreendem uma placa eletrônica (1.1.1) dotada de micro controladores, interfaces de entrada e saída de sinais digitais e analógicos, controle de potência e interfaces de comunicação; uma interface de controle (1.1.2) para inserção dos valores de temperatura e vazão do fluido que se deseja obter; e, um visor (1.1.3) para visualização dos parâmetros de funcionamento configurados.  [026] The control means (1.1) comprises an electronic board (1.1.1) provided with micro controllers, digital and analog signal input and output interfaces, power control and communication interfaces; a control interface (1.1.2) for entering the desired temperature and fluid flow values; and a display (1.1.3) for displaying the configured operating parameters.
[027] A placa eletrônica (1.1.1) se liga aos demais componentes do aparelho da invenção, de modo a gerenciar o funcionamento de cada componente. Desta forma, a placa (1.1.1) gerência e controla a temperatura nos reservatórios de refrigeração (1.2) e de aquecimento (1.3); a interface de controle; gerência a rotação e a potência de cada uma das bombas hidráulicas (1.4); gerência a temperatura, o volume e o fluxo do líquido de saída nos misturadores (1.6) e (1.7) e a pressão do líquido que alcança o endoscópio pela saída do circuito hidráulico (1.9) por meio. de um sensor de pressão manométrica (1.8) .  [027] The electronic board (1.1.1) connects to the other components of the apparatus of the invention in order to manage the operation of each component. In this way, the plate (1.1.1) manages and controls the temperature in the cooling (1.2) and heating (1.3) reservoirs; the control interface; managing the rotation and power of each of the hydraulic pumps (1.4); manages the temperature, volume and flow of the outlet liquid in the mixers (1.6) and (1.7) and the pressure of the liquid reaching the endoscope via the hydraulic circuit outlet (1.9) by means of. of a gauge pressure sensor (1.8).
[028] A interface de controle (1.1.2) compreende um conjunto de acionadores com um sistema mecânico com duplo estágio de acionamento. O acionamento ocorre pela pressão de acionamento, pelo nível de elevação do acionador, pela pressão direta de um dos acionadores ou, pela pressão direta de um conjunto de acionadores. [028] The control interface (1.1.2) comprises a set of actuators with a dual-stage mechanical drive system. Actuation occurs by the actuation pressure, the elevation level of the actuator, the direct pressure from one of the actuators or, by direct pressure from a set of actuators.
[029] Na modalidade preferida da invenção, a interface de controle (1.1.2) é uma pedaleira e os acionadores são pedais. Essa modalidade da invenção tem a vantagem de possibilitar o controle dos parâmetros de temperatura, fluxo, pressão e volume do fluido sem a necessidade de uso das mãos, que podem assim, permanecer controlando o endoscópio durante o procedimento médico.  [029] In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the control interface (1.1.2) is a crankset and the drivers are pedals. This embodiment of the invention has the advantage of making it possible to control the temperature, flow, pressure and volume parameters of the fluid without the use of hands, which can thus remain controlling the endoscope during the medical procedure.
[030] O visor (1.1.3) indica o valor dos parâmetros de temperatura, pressão, fluxo e volume do fluido que foram inseridos por meio da interface de controle (1.1.2) .  [030] The display (1.1.3) indicates the value of fluid temperature, pressure, flow, and volume parameters that have been entered via the control interface (1.1.2).
[031] O reservatório refrigerado (1.2) armazena fluidos; tem a capacidade de resfriá-los e mantê-los a baixas temperaturas conforme pré-estabelecido pelo usuário do aparelho de lavagem em procedimentos endoscópicos da invenção. Na modalidade preferida da invenção, o fluido é um liquido, tal como, por exemplo, a água.  [031] The refrigerated reservoir (1.2) stores fluids; It has the ability to cool and maintain them at low temperatures as pre-set by the user of the washer in endoscopic procedures of the invention. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the fluid is a liquid, such as, for example, water.
[032] O reservatório refrigerado (2A) compreende recipiente (2.1), tampa (2.2) que lacra o recipiente de forma hermética, sensor de temperatura (2.10) e meios para refrigerar o fluido e mantê-lo sob temperatura constante.  [032] The refrigerated reservoir (2A) comprises container (2.1), lid (2.2) which tightly seals the container, temperature sensor (2.10) and means for cooling the fluid and keeping it at a constant temperature.
[033] Uma concretização da presente invenção no que se refere aos meios de refrigeração do reservatório refrigerado (1.2) compreende o cilindro (2.3) que possui um gás refrigerante pertencente ao estado da técnica contido sob pressão (FIGURA 2A) . Durante o modo de resfriamento, o gás refrigerante é liberado por meio da válvula reguladora de vazão (2.4), que possui um servomecanismo controlável pela placa de controle (1.1.1), o qual atua diretamente no dispositivo de bloqueio da válvula. Com isso, ocorre a permissão da regulagem contínua da vazão desde a condição totalmente fechada à condição totalmente aberta. O gás liberado pela válvula é conduzido ao reservatório por meio do tubo (2.5) fazendo acesso ao recipiente (2.1) através do conector (2.6), que se liga internamente com a serpentina[033] An embodiment of the present invention with respect to the cooling means of the refrigerated reservoir (1.2) comprises the cylinder (2.3) having a prior art refrigerant gas contained under pressure (FIGURE 2A). During cooling mode, the refrigerant gas is released through the flow regulating valve (2.4), which has a servo mechanism controllable by the control board (1.1.1), which acts directly on the valve locking device. This allows continuous flow regulation from fully closed to fully open condition. The gas released by the valve is conveyed to the reservoir through the pipe (2.5) giving access to the container (2.1) through the connector (2.6), which internally connects with the coil.
(2.7) perfazendo todo o seu trajeto até o ponto de escape(2.7) running all the way to the escape point
(2.8) . (2.8).
[034] O conector (2.6) configura-se como uma válvula restritora do fluxo, local no qual o gás se transfere para a cavidade interna da serpentina (2.7), ocorrendo a redução de sua pressão e, consequentemente, a queda de temperatura do gás refrigerante.  [034] The connector (2.6) is configured as a flow restricting valve, where the gas transfers to the internal cavity of the coil (2.7), reducing its pressure and, consequently, the temperature drop of the refrigerant gas.
[035] A serpentina (2.7) é construída no interior do dissipador (2.9) e, faz contato com todas as suas aletas. O gás/fluido refrigerante em circulação, com fluxo controlado, é capaz de refrigerar o conjunto serpentina (2.7) dissipador [035] The coil (2.7) is constructed inside the heatsink (2.9) and makes contact with all its fins. Flow-controlled circulating gas / refrigerant is capable of cooling the heatsink coil assembly (2.7)
(2.9) de modo que, em contato com o fluido, absorve o calor diminuindo, dessa forma, a temperatura. Após passar por todo o conteúdo da serpentina (2.7), o gás/fluído refrigerante é ejetado ao ambiente externo no ponto de escape (2.8) . Na modalidade preferencial da invenção, o ponto de escape (2.8) contém um dispositivo para redução do ruído do gás e uma proteção dos dutos da serpentina contra entrada de partículas sólidas, que compreende um pequeno tubo de espuma contido no interior do ponto de escape (2.8). (2.9) so that, in contact with the fluid, it absorbs heat thereby decreasing the temperature. After passing through the contents of the coil (2.7), the gas / refrigerant is ejected into the external environment at the exhaust point (2.8). In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the exhaust point (2.8) contains a device for reducing gas noise and a protection of the coil ducts against solid particle entry, which comprises a small foam tube contained within the exhaust point ( 2.8).
[036] A regulação do fluxo do gás é feita por um sistema de controle em malha fechada com compensação. A intensidade do fluxo é ajustada de modo a manter a temperatura dentro do valor inserido nos meios de controle (1.1). 0 sensor de temperatura (2.10) obtém a temperatura do fluido e se comunica com a placa eletrônica (1.1.1) auxiliando no ajuste final da temperatura. [036] Gas flow regulation is by a compensated closed loop control system. The intensity of the flow is adjusted to keep the temperature within the value entered in the control means (1.1 ) . 0 sensor Temperature (2.10) obtains the fluid temperature and communicates with the electronics board (1.1.1) assisting in the final temperature setting.
[037] O recipiente refrigerado (Figura 2) compreende ainda, os absorvedores de calor (2.11) que, preferencialmente são pastilhas de Peltier. Os absorvedores de calor (2.11) apresentam a face quente acoplada aos dissipadores externos (2.12) e a face fria acoplada ao dissipador interno (2.9) por meio das bases (2.13) que servem para o acoplamento e condução térmica. Opcionalmente, os dissipadores externos (2.12) têm exaustores de modo a aumentar o fluxo de calor durante o resfriamento das pastilhas .  The refrigerated container (Figure 2) further comprises heat absorbers (2.11) which are preferably Peltier pellets. The heat absorbers (2.11) have the hot face coupled to the outer heatsinks (2.12) and the cold face coupled to the inner heatsink (2.9) by means of the bases (2.13) which serve for coupling and thermal conduction. Optionally, the external heatsinks (2.12) have exhaust fans to increase the heat flow during the cooling of the pads.
[038] Durante o processo de resfriamento do liquido, o sistema de controle poderá ligar os absorvedores de calor (2.11) de modo a manter o sistema dentro da curva de controle de refrigeração. Quando alcançada a temperatura final, o sistema entra no modo de manutenção de temperatura por meio dos absorvedores de calor (2.11). Nesse modo, as pastilhas poderão operar em regime de revezamento, de regulação linear da potência de acionamento controlada por um sistema de compensação, ou de alternância dos estados de acionamento e desligamento por técnicas conhecidas como a modulação por largura de pulso (PWM) . Por meio desses processos, a temperatura final oscila em uma faixa mínima em torno da temperatura configurada. Uma concretização adicional da presente invenção no que se refere aos meios de refrigeração do reservatório refrigerado (2) compreende um sistema de refrigeração, de dimensões reduzidas, no qual o fluido refrigerante fica preso em um circuito (FIGURA 2B) . Basicamente, configura uma máquina térmica que opera nos ciclos de refrigeração. [038] During the liquid cooling process, the control system may turn on the heat absorbers (2.11) to keep the system within the cooling control curve. When the final temperature is reached, the system enters the temperature maintenance mode via the heat absorbers (2.11). In this mode, the inserts may operate in a relay regime, linearly regulating the drive power controlled by a compensation system, or alternating the on and off states by techniques known as pulse width modulation (PWM). Through these processes, the final temperature fluctuates within a minimum range around the set temperature. A further embodiment of the present invention with respect to the cooling means of the refrigerated reservoir (2) comprises a small size refrigeration system in which the refrigerant is trapped in a circuit (FIGURE 2B). It basically sets up a thermal machine that operates in the cooling cycles.
[039] Na Figura 2B está mostrado como o ciclo de refrigeração alternativo funciona. 0 fluido refrigerante é introduzido com alta pressão no conector de entrada da serpentina (2.22) e é descarregado para um ambiente de baixa pressão de maneira análoga ao já explicitado anteriormente. 0 fluido refrigerante é conduzido através do condutor de saída (2.19) da serpentina devido à baixa pressão gerada pela entrada do compressor (2.20) . Após passagem pelo compressor (2.20), o fluido refrigerante apresenta-se com pressão elevada novamente e, consequentemente ao efeito térmico do refrigerante, com temperatura elevada. Ao passar pelo dissipador (2.21), a temperatura excessiva do fluido refrigerante é reduzida devido à capacidade do dispositivo em dissipar o calor ao meio ambiente. Assim, completa-se o ciclo .  [039] Figure 2B shows how the alternate refrigeration cycle works. The refrigerant is introduced at high pressure into the coil inlet connector (2.22) and is discharged into a low pressure environment in a manner similar to that already explained above. Refrigerant is conducted through the coil outlet conductor (2.19) due to the low pressure generated by the compressor inlet (2.20). After passing through the compressor (2.20), the refrigerant is again under high pressure and, as a result of the thermal effect of the refrigerant, at elevated temperature. When passing through the heatsink (2.21), the excessive coolant temperature is reduced due to the device's ability to dissipate heat to the environment. This completes the cycle.
[040] 0 reservatório refrigerado (Figura 2) compreende ainda um circulador de fluidos que compreende um conjunto de hélices (2.14) fixadas em um eixo de transmissão (2.15), o qual é acoplado a um motor (2.16) situado sobre a tampa do reservatório. Essa configuração realiza um movimento circulatório contínuo do fluido, o qual força todo líquido a fazer contato com as aletas dos absorvedores de calor (2.11), auxiliando assim, no processo de resfriamento e manutenção da temperatura do fluido.  [040] The refrigerated reservoir (Figure 2) further comprises a fluid circulator comprising a set of propellers (2.14) fixed to a drive shaft (2.15) which is coupled to a motor (2.16) located on the cap of the reservoir. This configuration performs a continuous circulatory movement of the fluid, which forces all liquid to make contact with the heat absorber fins (2.11), thus assisting in the process of cooling and maintaining the fluid temperature.
[041] A conexão do reservatório refrigerado (2) com o mecanismo da bomba (1.4.1) é feita através de mangueiras ligadas à saída (2.17) . O respiro (2.18) atua como respiro para a regulação da pressão interna do reservatório. [042] O reservatório de aquecimento (3) compreende o reservatório (3.1) e a tampa hermética (3.2). Este reservatório compreende ainda o resistor elétrico (3.3) inserido abaixo do dissipador (3.4) e da hélice (3.5), através do qual circula uma corrente elétrica de modo que a potência dissipada ocorra na forma de calor, fenómeno este conhecido por efeito Joule. A intensidade da corrente elétrica é controlada pelo circuito de potência comandado pela placa eletrônica (1.1.1), a qual gera o sinal de controle modulado por largura de pulsos (PWM) , cujo ciclo de operação define a potência dissipada no resistor (3.3). [041] The refrigerated reservoir (2) is connected to the pump mechanism (1.4.1) through hoses connected to the outlet (2.17). The vent (2.18) acts as a vent for regulating the internal pressure of the reservoir. The heating reservoir (3) comprises the reservoir (3.1) and the hermetic lid (3.2). This reservoir further comprises the electrical resistor (3.3) inserted below the heatsink (3.4) and the propeller (3.5), through which an electric current circulates so that the dissipated power occurs in the form of heat, a phenomenon known as the Joule effect. The intensity of the electric current is controlled by the power circuit controlled by the electronic board (1.1.1), which generates the pulse width modulated control signal (PWM), whose operating cycle defines the power dissipated in the resistor (3.3). .
[043] As pastilhas de Peltier (3.6) são- montadas com as faces invertidas se comparadas às pastilhas utilizadas no reservatório de água fria. Ou seja, a face quente fica voltada para o dissipador (3.4) por meio das bases de acoplamento (3.7) e as faces frias fazem conexão aos dissipadores externos (3.8), os quais absorvem o calor do ambiente e transfere para a face quente e, consequentemente, para o dissipador interno (3.4).  [043] Peltier inserts (3.6) are assembled with inverted faces compared to inserts used in the cold water tank. That is, the hot face faces the heatsink (3.4) through the coupling bases (3.7) and the cold faces connect to the outer heatsinks (3.8), which absorb heat from the environment and transfer it to the hot face and consequently for the internal heatsink (3.4).
[044] O sensor de temperatura (3.9) detecta a temperatura dentro do reservatório (3.1). 0 motor (3.10) aciona o eixo (3.11) que é acoplado à hélice (3.5) , fazendo o fluido circular por entre as aletas do dissipador (3.4) tornando mais rápido e homogéneo o aquecimento do fluido.  [044] The temperature sensor (3.9) detects the temperature inside the reservoir (3.1). The motor (3.10) drives the shaft (3.11) which is coupled to the propeller (3.5), circulating the fluid between the heatsink fins (3.4) making the fluid heating faster and more homogeneous.
[045] Na modalidade preferida da invenção, os sistemas de acionamento e controle térmico dos reservatórios atuam com base em curvas de controle de temperatura, obtidas experimentalmente. Estas curvas descrevem as melhores dinâmicas de resfriamento ou aquecimento do fluido dos reservatórios por considerar o tempo em que se deseja estabelecer a temperatura, adequando o controle ao volume de fluido de abastecimento o qual é estimado pela sua taxa de variação da temperatura. [045] In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the reservoir drive and thermal control systems act on experimentally obtained temperature control curves. These curves describe the best cooling or heating dynamics of reservoir fluid by considering the desired time set the temperature by adjusting the control to the volume of supply fluid which is estimated by its rate of change in temperature.
[046] O método de resfriamento ou aquecimento é representado pela Figura (5) . O mesmo inicia-se com a configuração dos parâmetros dos sistemas de controle das temperaturas dos líquidos contidos nos reservatórios (5b) por meio da interface de controle (1.1.2), orientada pelas informações apresentadas no visor (1.1.3) . Em seguida, o sistema de controle implementado por software e circuitos da placa eletrônica (1.1.1) realiza o registro da temperatura do reservatório (5c) e estabelece a melhor curva referencial (5d) para o controle de acionamento dos meios térmicos com base na temperatura atual do líquido contido nos reservatórios, na temperatura final definida pelo usuário e no tempo de estabelecimento da temperatura, o qual pode ser configurado em modos como lento, médio e rápido ou, até mesmo, em tempos aproximados.  [046] The cooling or heating method is represented by Figure (5). It starts with setting the parameters of the liquid temperature control systems contained in the reservoirs (5b) through the control interface (1.1.2), guided by the information shown on the display (1.1.3). The control system implemented by software and circuit boards (1.1.1) then records the reservoir temperature (5c) and establishes the best reference curve (5d) for the control of the thermal media drive based on current temperature of the liquid contained in the reservoirs, the user-defined final temperature and the temperature set time, which can be set in modes such as slow, medium and fast or even approximate times.
[047] A partir dos parâmetros configurados e dos valores medidos, o sistema de controle estabelece a potência de acionamento dos meios térmicos (5f) a partir do cálculo do valor de erro (5e) , obtido pela diferença entre a temperatura do líquido condido no reservatório e a temperatura de referência indicada pela curva de controle no instante de tempo em que ocorre o evento de interrupção (5h) para o registro das temperaturas (5i) pelos sensores (2.10) e (3.9) .  [047] From the configured parameters and measured values, the control system establishes the activation power of the thermal media (5f) from the calculation of the error value (5e), obtained by the difference between the temperature of the liquid conducted in the reservoir and the reference temperature indicated by the control curve at the time the interruption event (5h) occurs for the recording of temperatures (5i) by sensors (2.10) and (3.9).
[048] A leitura da temperatura do líquido e o tratamento dos parâmetros de erro pelo sistema de controle ocorrem entre os instantes de tempo definidos como intervalos de amostragem (5g) . No final da contagem do tempo do intervalo, o software cie controle instalado na placa eletrônica (1.1.1) gera uma interrupção de sinalização (5h) priorizando a leitura do sensor de temperatura do respectivo reservatório (5i) e os tratamentos de controle. Durante as fases de estabelecimento e manutenção das temperaturas, o ciclo estabelecido entre as etapas (5e) a (5j) opera de maneira permanente mantendo a temperatura do respectivo reservatório alinhada com a curva de controle correspondente, até que o equipamento seja desativado (5k) . [048] Liquid temperature reading and error control handling by the control system occur between time points defined as sampling intervals (5g). At the end of the interval time count, The control software installed on the electronic board (1.1.1) generates a signal interruption (5h) prioritizing the temperature sensor reading of the respective reservoir (5i) and the control treatments. During the temperature setting and maintenance phases, the cycle established between steps (5e) to (5j) operates permanently keeping the temperature of the respective reservoir in line with the corresponding control curve until the equipment is deactivated (5k) .
[049] Esse método permite otimizar o tempo de estabelecimento da temperatura do fluido, a potência de acionamento dos meios de absorção e dissipação de calor e, consequentemente, o consumo de energia do equipamento.  [049] This method allows the optimization of the fluid temperature establishment time, the actuation power of the heat absorption and dissipation means and, consequently, the energy consumption of the equipment.
[050] A bomba hidráulica (1.4) do aparelho apresentado é constituída por um elemento motriz (4.1); um mecanismo hidráulico (1.4); um meio para a medição da vazão de líquido [050] The hydraulic pump (1.4) of the apparatus shown comprises a driving element (4.1); a hydraulic mechanism (1.4); a means for measuring liquid flow
(4.2) e (4.11) e um sistema de controle e acionamento (1.1) e (4.3) . (4.2) and (4.11) and a control and drive system (1.1) and (4.3).
[051] O elemento motriz (4.1), conhecido pelos versados na arte, é desempenhado por um motor elétrico podendo operar com corrente contínua ou alternada e conter ou não escovas de comutação. Seu eixo motriz (4.9) aciona o mecanismo hidráulico (1.4) o qual pode ser do tipo deslocamento positivo como as bombas alternativas, peristálticas e blowcases ou do tipo cinética como as bombas centrífugas e de fricção.  [051] The driving element (4.1), known to those skilled in the art, is performed by an electric motor capable of operating with direct or alternating current and whether or not containing switching brushes. Its drive shaft (4.9) drives the hydraulic mechanism (1.4) which can be of the positive displacement type as the alternative, peristaltic and blowcases pumps or the kinetic type as the centrifugal and friction pumps.
[052] Dependendo do tipo de motor utilizado, é necessário um circuito elétrico de - acionamento de potência [052] Depending on the type of motor used, a power-driven electrical circuit is required.
(4.3) , dimensionado com características específicas ao tipo de acionamento a ser realizado. Este circuito de acionamento (4.3) pode ser confeccionado em uma placa independente ou na própria placa eletrônica (1.1.1). Exemplo de motores específicos são os servomotores bifásicos ou trifásicos e os motores de passo. (4.3), dimensioned with characteristics specific to the type of drive to be performed. This drive circuit (4.3) can be made on a stand-alone board or on the board itself (1.1.1). Examples of specific motors are two-phase or three-phase servomotors and step motors.
[053] No caso do uso de mecanismos hidráulicos capazes de apresentar elevada exatidão volumétrica, como o caso de alguns mecanismos de deslocamento positivo, um sensor de vazão do tipo eletromecânico (4.2), como sensores de efeito Hall ou ópticos, é necessário para associar o movimento do sistema motriz (4.1) e hidráulico (1.4) ao volume de líquido bombeado. Este tipo de sensor conhecido pela arte converte a velocidade angular do eixo de acoplamento (4.9) do motor [053] In the case of the use of hydraulic mechanisms capable of high volumetric accuracy, such as some positive displacement mechanisms, an electromechanical flow sensor (4.2), such as Hall effect or optical sensors, is required to associate the movement of the drive (4.1) and hydraulic (1.4) systems to the volume of pumped liquid. This type of sensor known in the art converts the angular speed of the motor coupling shaft (4.9)
(4.1) ao mecanismo hidráulico (1.4), em sinais representados por pulsos elétricos, níveis de tensão ou de corrente elétrica, os quais são registrados pela placa eletrônica(4.1) to the hydraulic mechanism (1.4), in signals represented by electrical pulses, voltage or current levels, which are recorded by the electronic board
(1.1.1). (1.1.1).
[054] No caso do emprego de mecanismos hidráulicos de menor exatidão volumétrica, por exemplo alguns tipos de bombas cinéticas como as bombas centrífugas, a medição da vazão deverá ocorrer por um sensor volumétrico (4.11) conhecido pela arte, posicionado após a saída (4.6) do mecanismo hidráulico (1.4) como os medidores tipo turbina e vazão de vórtice. Esse tipo de sensor atua sobre o fluxo de fluido que passa em sua estrutura entre os seus terminais [054] In the case of the use of lower volumetric hydraulic mechanisms, for example some types of kinetic pumps such as centrifugal pumps, the flow measurement shall be performed by a volumetric sensor (4.11) known in the art, positioned after the outlet (4.6 ) of the hydraulic mechanism (1.4) such as turbine and vortex flow meters. This type of sensor acts on the flow of fluid passing through its structure between its terminals.
(4.12) e (4.13), e faz a conversão da vazão em sinais elétricos os quais são registrados pela placa eletrônica(4.12) and (4.13), and converts the flow into electrical signals which are recorded by the electronic board
(1.1.1). (1.1.1).
[055] Preferencialmente, o controle do aparelho de lavagem em procedimentos endoscópicos é feito por um sistema em malha fechada. Um sistema de malha fechada possibilita ao usuário configurar previamente os parâmetros ' de funcionamento do aparelho de lavagem em procedimentos endoscópicos por meio da interface de controle (1.1.2). Ou seja, o usuário pode efetuar a configuração do fluxo, da pressão, da temperatura, do tempo e do volume do fluido ejetado. Ao configurar o fluxo, o sistema de controle fluidico, gerenciado pela placa eletrônica (1.1.1), aciona cada uma das bombas (1.4) para funcionar em giro continuo proporcional ao ■ fluxo e à temperatura configurados, mensurado com base .nos sensores de fluxo hidráulico (4.2) ePreferably, control of the washer in endoscopic procedures is done by a closed loop system. A closed loop system enables the user previously set the parameters' operation of the washing apparatus in endoscopic procedures through control interface (1.1.2). That is, the user can configure the flow, pressure, temperature, time and volume of the ejected fluid. When configuring the flow, the fluidic control system, managed by the electronic board (1.1.1), drives each of the pumps (1.4) to operate in continuous rotation proportional to the set ■ flow and temperature, measured based on. hydraulic flow (4.2) and
(4.11). Independentemente do tipo de fluido assim como das condições físicas da bomba (1.4), o sistema de controle fluidico em malha fechada, implementado pela placa de controle (1.1.1) e pelos sensores volumétricos (4.2) e(4.11). Regardless of the type of fluid as well as the physical condition of the pump (1.4), the closed loop fluidic control system implemented by the control plate (1.1.1) and the volumetric sensors (4.2) and
(4.11), disponibiliza a potência necessária para garantir a constância do fluxo. (4.11) provides the power required to ensure flow consistency.
[056] Para estabelecer a temperatura do líquido de lavagem, . o acionamento individual de cada uma das bombas pelo sistema de controle leva em consideração as temperaturas dos líquidos armazenados em cada reservatório (2.1) e. (3.1) e mensuradas nos misturadores (1.6.3) e (1.7.3), .além da vazão pretendida para a instilação. O controle da proporção volumétrica realizada para a mistura depende da vazão total e da temperatura pretendida, além da temperatura individual de cada reservatório. É representado por: [056] To set the temperature of the washer fluid,. the individual activation of each pump by the control system takes into account the temperatures of the liquids stored in each reservoir (2.1) e. (3.1) and measured in blenders (1.6.3) and (1.7.3). beyond the intended flow for instillation. Control of the volume ratio performed for the mixture depends on the total flow rate and the desired temperature, as well as the individual temperature of each reservoir. It is represented by:
%(Tfinal - 7 ) + m2(Tflnal -T2) = 0 % (T end - 7) + m 2 (t flnal -T 2) = 0
em que : on what :
m representa dados volumétricos do líquido, como vazão ou volume;  m represents volumetric data of the liquid, such as flow or volume;
Tfinal a temperatura de equilíbrio ou pretendida; 7Ί e T2 as temperaturas dos líquidos nos reservatórios. Finally the equilibrium or desired temperature; 7Ί and T 2 the temperatures of the liquids in the reservoirs.
[057] As curvas de controle da temperatura de instilação estabelecem os parâmetros da potência de acionamento de cada bomba hidráulica, por considerar a variação dinâmica da temperatura dos tubos hidráulicos no momento da instilação, estimada pelos sensores (1.6.3) e (1.7.3) instalados nos misturadores .  [057] The instillation temperature control curves establish the drive power parameters of each hydraulic pump, considering the dynamic variation of the temperature of the hydraulic tubes at the moment of instillation, estimated by sensors (1.6.3) and (1.7. 3) installed in the mixers.
[058] Assim, a cada equipamento de endoscopia em um cenário de instalação é associado uma curva de controle de temperatura adequada, de modo a garantir as características de multiuso deste aparelho.  Thus, each endoscopy equipment in an installation scenario is associated with an appropriate temperature control curve to ensure the multipurpose characteristics of this device.
[059] O volume pode ser configurado de duas maneiras, como limitador de segurança do volume de fluido transferido, ou conciliado com o tempo de funcionamento.  [059] Volume can be configured in two ways, as a safety limiter of transferred fluid volume, or reconciled with operating time.
[060] Quando o volume é configurado como limitador de segurança, independente dos parâmetros de configuração do fluxo, as bombas (1.4) se desligarão automaticamente ao atingir a quantidade de volume pré-estabelecida em um único acionamento. Isso evita acidentes com acionamentos não intencionais. Por outro lado, na configuração por tempo, o controle das bombas hidráulicas estabelece um fluxo adequado para que o volume seja instilado no tempo determinado pelo usuário. Assim, ao atingir o tempo pré-estabelecido, os mecanismos da bomba se desligarão automaticamente mesmo que a interface de controle (1.1.2) seja mantida pressionada.  [060] When the volume is set as a safety limiter, regardless of the flow setting parameters, the pumps (1.4) will automatically shut down upon reaching the preset volume amount in a single drive. This prevents accidents with unintentional drives. On the other hand, in the time setting, the control of the hydraulic pumps establishes an adequate flow so that the volume is instilled at the user determined time. Thus, when the preset time is reached, the pump mechanisms will shut down automatically even if the control interface (1.1.2) is held down.
[061] A bomba (1.4.3) conectada ao filtro de ar (1.5) tem por como objetivo instilar fluido gasoso ao sistema hidráulico, de modo a misturar gás e líquido na linha de saída (1.9). O fluido gasoso pode ser instilado de forma intermitente, com o objetivo de inserir colunas independentes de ar nas tubulações gerando, assim, oscilações instantâneas nas velocidades < de escoamento observáveis no instante de escape da coluna de ar pela extremidade distai, o que repercute na pressão de ataque do líquido sobre a secreção a qual deseja-se remover, promovendo assim melhoria na eficiência da limpeza. 0 filtro de ar (1.5) serve para a retirada de impurezas do ar que é injetado no aparelho de lavagem em procedimentos endoscópicos da invenção . [061] The pump (1.4.3) connected to the air filter (1.5) aims to instill gaseous fluid into the hydraulic system in order to mix gas and liquid in the outlet line (1.9). Gaseous fluid can be intermittently instilled for the purpose of inserting columns air in the pipes thus generating instantaneous oscillations at the flow velocities observable at the moment of escape of the air column from the distal end, which has an effect on the attack pressure of the liquid on the secretion to be removed, thus promoting improved cleaning efficiency. The air filter (1.5) serves to remove impurities from the air that is injected into the washer in endoscopic procedures of the invention.
[062] Os misturadores (1.6) e (1.7) têm a forma de um "Y" e cada um é dotado de duas entradas e uma saída. Cada entrada apresenta uma válvula unidirecional capaz de impedir o retorno do fluido. O misturador (1.6) controla a mistura entre o fluido refrigerado, liberado pelo reservatório refrigerado (1.2), com o fluido aquecido liberado pelo reservatório aquecido (1.3) regulando desta forma, de modo mais eficiente a temperatura final do fluido circulante.  [062] Mixers (1.6) and (1.7) are in the shape of a "Y" and each has two inputs and one output. Each inlet has a one-way valve capable of preventing fluid return. The mixer (1.6) controls the mixture between the cooled fluid released by the cooled reservoir (1.2) and the heated fluid released by the heated reservoir (1.3) thereby more efficiently regulating the final temperature of the circulating fluid.
[063] Na saída de cada um dos misturadores (1.6) e (1.7) é posicionado um sensor de temperatura que se comunica com a placa (1.1.1) .  [063] At the outlet of each of the mixers (1.6) and (1.7) a temperature sensor that communicates with the plate (1.1.1) is positioned.
[064] Uma das vantagens do dispositivo é a sua potencial capacidade de alterar instantaneamente a temperatura do líquido de lavagem durante os processos de instilação de líquidos. Por exemplo, para se alterar a temperatura do líquido de lavagem, estabelecida inicialmente a 40°C, para uma temperatura de 10°C, configurada pela interface de controle (1.1.2), mantendo-se ou não a mesma vazão, o conceito permite fazê-lo instantaneamente a partir da combinação de acionamento de cada uma das bombas pelo método de controle estabelecido. [065] Outra vantagem é a sua capacidade de se adaptar automaticamente a endoscópios com distintas características construtivas do canal de instrumentação. Considera-se que, dado o modelo de controle descrito, executado por um circuito em malha fechada o qual avalia constantemente os sinais do sensor de vazão (4.2) e (4.11) e de pressão (1.8) e compensa o erro pela regulação da potência de acionamento dos motores (4.1), com limites estabelecidos pelo sensor de pressão manométrica (1.8), o método é capaz de operar em endoscópios com diferentes diâmetros e comprimentos de canais de líquidos, de modo que as variações da vazão e da pressão geradas entre os equipamentos são avaliadas e compensadas pelo sistema de controle da placa eletrônica (1.1.1). [064] One of the advantages of the device is its potential ability to instantly change the temperature of the washer fluid during liquid instillation processes. For example, to change the temperature of the washer fluid initially set at 40 ° C to a temperature of 10 ° C set by the control interface (1.1.2), whether or not maintaining the same flow rate, the concept allows you to do it instantly from the combination of drive of each pump by the established control method. [065] Another advantage is its ability to automatically adapt to endoscopes with distinct instrumentation channel constructive characteristics. It is considered that, given the described control model, executed by a closed loop circuit which constantly evaluates the flow sensor (4.2) and (4.11) and pressure sensor signals (1.8) and compensates the error by the power regulation (4.1), with limits set by the gauge pressure sensor (1.8), the method is capable of operating on endoscopes with different diameters and lengths of liquid channels, so that the variations in flow and pressure generated between The equipment is evaluated and compensated by the electronic board control system (1.1.1).
[066] O controle da temperatura final do fluido é importante, pois, por exemplo, o fluido aquecido a uma dada temperatura é capaz de auxiliar e elevar a efetividade da remoção de resíduos aderidos na mucosa cólica ou gástrica cujos graus de dissolubilidade são influenciáveis pela temperatura da água, como exemplo: sangue coagulado, secreções purulentas e partículas de fezes. Já o fluido refrigerado em uma temperatura baixa tem efeito positivo no processo de diminuição de focos hemorrágicos decorrente ao fenómeno de vasoconstrição local.  [066] Controlling the final fluid temperature is important because, for example, fluid heated to a given temperature is able to assist and increase the effectiveness of removal of debris adhering to the colic or gastric mucosa whose degrees of dissolubility are influenced by water temperature, for example: coagulated blood, purulent secretions and stool particles. Chilled fluid at a low temperature, on the other hand, has a positive effect on the process of diminishing hemorrhagic foci due to the local vasoconstriction phenomenon.
[067] A saída (1.9) pode ser uma sonda endoscópica. Opcionalmente, pode-se acoplar um sensor de pressão manométrica (1.8), tornando possível conectar o aparelho de lavagem da presente invenção a equipamentos de endoscopia tipo laparoscopia, artroscopia, broncoscopia, cistoscopia, histeroscopia e outros equipamentos para procedimentos que utilizam líquidos para a expansão volumétrica da cavidade corpórea de observação por controle contínuo da pressão raanométrica da cavidade; e, também, para paradas instantâneas das bombas do equipamento (condição emergencial) caso a cavidade esteja expandida e haja qualquer tipo de entupimento do canal de dreno do equipamento de endoscopia conectado à cavidade expandida. [067] Output (1.9) may be an endoscopic probe. Optionally, a gauge pressure sensor (1.8) may be coupled, making it possible to connect the washer of the present invention to laparoscopic endoscopy, arthroscopy, bronchoscopy, cystoscopy, hysteroscopy and other equipment for expansion fluid procedures. cavity volume observation body by continuous control of the cavity's radiometric pressure; and also for instant equipment pump stops (emergency condition) if the cavity is expanded and there is any clogging of the endoscopy equipment drainage channel connected to the expanded cavity.
[068] Ά invenção também se refere ao uso do aparelho de endoscopia com controle automático da vazão, volume, pressão e temperatura de fluidos em procedimentos endoscópicos.  [068] The invention also relates to the use of endoscopy apparatus with automatic control of fluid flow, volume, pressure and temperature in endoscopic procedures.

Claims

REIVINDICAÇÕES : CLAIMS:
1. Aparelho de lavagem em procedimentos endoscópicos caracterizado por compreender a capacidade de controle automático de fluidos e de volumes em diferentes temperaturas e meios de controle eletrônico (1.1); um reservatório refrigerado (1.2); um reservatório aquecido (1.3); bombas hidráulicas (1.4); um filtro de ar (1.5); misturadores (1.6) e (1.7); a saída (1.9); e um sensor de pressão manométrica (1.8).  1. Endoscopic flushing apparatus characterized by its ability to automatically control fluids and volumes at different temperatures and electronic control means (1.1); a refrigerated reservoir (1.2); a heated reservoir (1.3); hydraulic pumps (1.4); an air filter (1.5); mixers (1.6) and (1.7); the outlet (1.9); and a gauge pressure sensor (1.8).
2. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo fato do sensor de pressão manométrica ser opcional .  Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the gauge pressure sensor is optional.
3. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo fato de os meios de controle (1.1) compreenderem uma placa eletrônica (1.1.1) dotada de micro controladores, interfaces de entrada e saída de sinais digitais e analógicos, controle de potência e interfaces de comunicação; uma interface de controle (1.1.2); e, um visor (1.1.3) .  Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the control means (1.1) comprise an electronic board (1.1.1) provided with micro controllers, digital and analog signal input and output interfaces, power control. and communication interfaces; a control interface (1.1.2); and a display (1.1.3).
4. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 3, caracterizado pelo fato de a placa eletrônica (1.1.1) gerenciar e controlar a temperatura nos reservatórios de refrigeração (1.2) e de aquecimento (1.3); a interface de controle; gerenciar a rotação e a potência de cada uma das bombas hidráulicas (1.4); gerenciar a temperatura, o volume e o fluxo do líquido de saída nos misturadores (1.6) e (1.7) e a pressão do líquido que alcança o endoscópio pela saída do circuito hidráulico (1.9) .  Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the electronic board (1.1.1) manages and controls the temperature in the cooling (1.2) and heating (1.3) reservoirs; the control interface; manage the rotation and power of each of the hydraulic pumps (1.4); manage the temperature, volume and flow of the outlet liquid in the mixers (1.6) and (1.7) and the pressure of the liquid reaching the endoscope through the hydraulic circuit outlet (1.9).
5. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 3, caracterizado pelo fato de a interface de controle (1.1.2) compreende um conjunto de acionadores com um sistema mecânico com duplo estágio de acionamento. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the control interface (1.1.2) comprises a set of actuators with a dual stage mechanical drive system.
6. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 5, caracterizado pelo fato de a interface de controle (1.1.2) ser uma pedaleira e os acionadores serem pedais.  Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the control interface (1.1.2) is a crankset and the actuators are pedals.
7. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 3, caracterizado pelo fato de o visor (1.1.3) indicar o valor dos parâmetros de temperatura, pressão, fluxo e volume do fluido .  Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the display (1.1.3) indicates the value of the temperature, pressure, flow and volume parameters of the fluid.
8. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo fato de o reservatório refrigerado (1.2) ser compreendido pelo recipiente (2.1); pela tampa (2.2) que lacra o recipiente de forma hermética; e pelo sensor de temperatura (2.10); e meios para refrigerar o fluido e mantê- lo sob temperatura constante.  Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the refrigerated reservoir (1.2) is comprised of the container (2.1); the lid (2.2) which seals the container hermetically; and the temperature sensor (2.10); and means for cooling the fluid and keeping it at a constant temperature.
9. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 8, caracterizado pelo fato de que os meios para refrigerar o fluido e mantê-lo sob temperatura constante compreende preferencialmente o cilindro (2.3) que possui um gás refrigerante liberado por meio da válvula reguladora de vazão Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the means for cooling the fluid and keeping it at a constant temperature preferably comprises the cylinder (2.3) which has a refrigerant released through the flow regulating valve.
(2.4); e conduzido ao reservatório refrigerado (2) por meio do tubo (2.5) fazendo acesso ao recipiente (2.1) através do conector (2.6), o qual se liga internamente com a serpentina(2.4); and is conveyed to the refrigerated reservoir (2) by means of the pipe (2.5) giving access to the container (2.1) through the connector (2.6), which internally connects with the coil
(2.7) . (2.7).
10. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 9, caracterizado pelo fato de serpentina (2.7) ser construída no interior do dissipador (2.9) e o gás/fluido refrigerante ser ejetado ao ambiente externo no ponto de escape (2.8) Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the coil (2.7) is constructed inside the heatsink (2.9) and the gas / refrigerant is ejected into the external environment at the exhaust point (2.8).
11. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 9, caracterizado pelo fato de o conector (2.6) compreender uma válvula restritora do fluxo, na qual o gás refrigerante se transfere para a cavidade interna da serpentina (2.7) . Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the connector (2.6) comprises a flow restricting valve, in which refrigerant gas transfers to the internal cavity of the coil (2.7).
12. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 8, caracterizado pelo fato dos meios para refrigerar o fluido e mantê-lo sob temperatura constante compreende um sistema de fluido refrigerante opcional compreendido de um conector de entrada da serpentina (2.6); uma serpentina (2.7); um condutor de saida da serpentina (2.8) ; um compressor (2.21); e um dissipador (2.20).  Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the means for cooling the fluid and maintaining it at constant temperature comprises an optional refrigerant system comprised of a coil inlet connector (2.6); a streamer (2.7); a coil outlet conductor (2.8); a compressor (2.21); and a heatsink (2.20).
13. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo fato de recipiente refrigerado (2.1) compreender ainda os absorvedores de calor (2.11) que apresentam a face quente acoplada aos dissipadores externos (2.12) e a face fria acoplada ao dissipador interno (2.9) por meio das bases (2.13) que servem para o acoplamento e condução térmica.  Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the refrigerated container (2.1) further comprises heat absorbers (2.11) having the hot face coupled to the outer heatsinks (2.12) and the cold face coupled to the inner heatsink (2.12). 2.9) by means of the bases (2.13) which serve for coupling and thermal conduction.
14. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 13, caracterizado pelo fato dos absorventes de calor (2.11) serem pastilhas de Peltier.  Apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the heat absorbers (2.11) are Peltier tablets.
15. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 13, caracterizado pelo fato de o reservatório refrigerado (2) compreender ainda um circulador de fluidos compreendido por um conjunto de hélices (2.14) fixadas em um eixo de transmissão (2.15), o qual é acoplado a um motor (2.16) situado sobre a tampa do reservatório; e uma válvula de respiro (2.18) .  Apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the refrigerated reservoir (2) further comprises a fluid circulator comprising a set of propellers (2.14) fixed to a transmission shaft (2.15) which is coupled a motor (2.16) located on the reservoir cover; and a breather valve (2.18).
16. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 15, caracterizado pelo fato de válvula de respiro (2.18) regular a pressão do volume interno do reservatório refrigerado (2) .  Apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the breather valve (2.18) regulates the internal volume pressure of the refrigerated reservoir (2).
17. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo fato de o reservatório de aquecimento (3) compreender o reservatório (3.1) e a tampa hermética (3.2) e ainda compreender o resistor elétrico (3.3) inserido abaixo do dissipador (3.4) e da hélice (3.5). Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating reservoir (3) comprises the reservoir (3.1) and the hermetic lid (3.2) and further comprises the electric resistor (3.3) inserted below the heatsink (3.4) and the propeller (3.5).
18. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 17, caracterizado pelo fato de as pastilhas de Peltier (3.6) terem a face quente fica voltada para o dissipador (3.4) e as faces frias se conectarem aos dissipadores externos (3.8) .  Apparatus according to claim 17, characterized in that the Peltier pads (3.6) have the hot face facing the heatsink (3.4) and the cold faces connect to the outer heatsinks (3.8).
19. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 16, caracterizado pelo fato de o reservatório de aquecimento compreender, ainda, um circulador de fluidos compreendido por um motor (3.10) que aciona o eixo (3.11) que é acoplado à hélice (3.5).  Apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the heating reservoir further comprises a fluid circulator comprising a motor (3.10) which drives the shaft (3.11) which is coupled to the propeller (3.5).
20. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 17, caracterizado pelo fato de o sensor de temperatura (3.9) detecta a temperatura dentro do reservatório (3.1); o motor (3.10) acionar o eixo (3.11) que é acoplado à hélice (3.5).  Apparatus according to claim 17, characterized in that the temperature sensor (3.9) detects the temperature within the reservoir (3.1); the engine (3.10) drives the shaft (3.11) which is coupled to the propeller (3.5).
21. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo fato das bombas hidráulicas (1.4) que compreende, cada uma delas, por um elemento motriz (4.1); um mecanismo hidráulico (1.4); um meio para a medição da vazão de liquido (4.2) e (4.11) e um sistema de controle e acionamento (1.1) e (4.3).  Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic pumps (1.4) each comprise a driving element (4.1); a hydraulic mechanism (1.4); a means for measuring liquid flow (4.2) and (4.11) and a control and drive system (1.1) and (4.3).
22. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 21, caracterizado pelo fato da bomba hidráulica (1.4) poder ser do tipo deslocamento positivo, como as bombas alternativas, peristálticas e paraguso, ou do tipo cinética, como as bombas centrífugas e de fricção.  Apparatus according to Claim 21, characterized in that the hydraulic pump (1.4) may be of the positive displacement type, such as alternative, peristaltic and paragus pumps, or of the kinetic type, such as centrifugal and friction pumps.
23. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 21, caracterizado pelo fato da bomba hidráulica ser do tipo deslocamento positivo, o sistema de controle fluídico (4.2) compreende um dispositivo eletromecânico, tipo encoder óptico ou sensor de efeito Hall, para a medição do movimento angular do eixo (4.9) . Apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that the hydraulic pump is of the type positive displacement, the fluidic control system (4.2) comprises an electromechanical device, such as an optical encoder or Hall effect sensor, for measuring angular axis motion (4.9).
24. Aparelho, de acordo com a reinvidicação 21, caracterizado 'pelo fato da bomba hidráulica ser do . tipo cinética, o sistema de controle fluidico (4.11) compreende um dispositivo para a medição da vazão volumétrica, acoplado ao circuito hidráulico de saida da bomba hidráulica (1.4).  Apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that the hydraulic pump is of the. kinetic type, the fluidic control system (4.11) comprises a device for measuring volumetric flow coupled to the hydraulic output circuit of the hydraulic pump (1.4).
25. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo fato de os misturadores (6) terem a forma de um VY", são dotados de duas entradas com válvulas anti- refluxo e uma saida; controlarem a mistura entre o fluido refrigerado, liberado pelo reservatório refrigerado (2) , com o fluido aquecido liberado pelo reservatório aquecido (3) e o fluido gasoso. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the mixers (6) are in the shape of a V Y ", are provided with two inlets with anti-reflux valves and one outlet; controlling the mixing between the cooled fluid. , released by the refrigerated reservoir (2), with the heated fluid released by the heated reservoir (3) and the gaseous fluid.
26.. Aparelho, de acordo com a reivindicação 24, caracterizado pelo fato de na saida de cada um dos misturadores (6) ser posicionado um sensor de temperatura que se comunica com a placa (1.1) .  Apparatus according to Claim 24, characterized in that a temperature sensor communicating with the plate (1.1) is positioned at the outlet of each mixer (6).
27. Aparelho, de acordo com as reivindicações 1 e 2, caracterizado pelo fato de do acoplamento de um sensor de pressão manométrica (8) ser na saida (7) e de se comunica com a placa (1.1).  Apparatus according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the coupling of a gauge pressure sensor (8) is at the outlet (7) and communicates with the plate (1.1).
28. Uso do aparelho de endoscopia com controle automático da vazão, pressão e . temperatura de fluidos, conforme descrito nas reivindicações de 1 a 27, caracterizado por ser em procedimentos endoscópicos . ,  28. Use of endoscopy apparatus with automatic flow, pressure and pressure control. fluid temperature as described in claims 1 to 27, characterized in that it is in endoscopic procedures. ,
PCT/BR2015/000154 2014-12-18 2015-10-09 Cleaning appliance for endoscopy procedures, and use thereof WO2016094979A1 (en)

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