WO2016094975A1 - Électrode et ses utilisations - Google Patents

Électrode et ses utilisations Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016094975A1
WO2016094975A1 PCT/BR2014/050050 BR2014050050W WO2016094975A1 WO 2016094975 A1 WO2016094975 A1 WO 2016094975A1 BR 2014050050 W BR2014050050 W BR 2014050050W WO 2016094975 A1 WO2016094975 A1 WO 2016094975A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
electrode according
insulation
ceramic
fluids
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/BR2014/050050
Other languages
English (en)
Portuguese (pt)
Inventor
Anderson MOITA WITKA
Tiago César DE ALMEIDA SOARES
Original Assignee
Fmc Technologies Do Brasil Ltda
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fmc Technologies Do Brasil Ltda filed Critical Fmc Technologies Do Brasil Ltda
Priority to PCT/BR2014/050050 priority Critical patent/WO2016094975A1/fr
Publication of WO2016094975A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016094975A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/04—Breaking emulsions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/06—Separation of liquids from each other by electricity

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a ceramic insulated electrode comprising a particular sealing system intended for use in electrostatic coalescing processes.
  • the electrode object of the present invention is especially suitable for use in fluid separation equipment by application of electromagnetic fields, mainly fluids linked to the petroleum industry, in refineries, platforms, subsea separation systems, among others.
  • Electrocoalescence is a technology widely used in the petroleum industry for the purpose of separating water from oil, desalting oil, and other unitary operations. However, the phenomenon is not fully known, especially regarding the performance of equipment that uses electrocoalescence in its operation.
  • Electrode One of the main components of electrocoalescent separation equipment is the electrode.
  • the electrode has no long service life, resulting in periodic shutdowns for equipment maintenance and replacement.
  • the cause of these premature failures is mainly related to the ability of the electrode insulation to withstand the demanding levels imposed by the electrical characteristics of the process.
  • equipment is restricted by limiting the electrodes to withstand the electrical, mechanical and environmental requirements of the environment where the electrode is installed.
  • Electrodes with and without insulation there are several commercial equipments that use electrodes with and without insulation. Many uninsulated electrodes have some kind of coating to protect them.
  • the solutions employed for coatings are polymer based , and are degraded when subjected to the combination of pressure and temperature, with a ceiling, in general, approximately Q 150 C.
  • the polymer - based coatings have limitations as to fluids injected and produced depending on the polymer used. Insulated electrodes generally use epoxy as an insulating material.
  • Electrodes are currently commercially available. One option found is marketed by Aker Solutions, Aker 3D that uses energized grids as the electrode. Natco's Dual Polarity ® and Dual Frequency ® products use both uninsulated and semiconductor coated electrodes.
  • Uncoated systems have the disadvantage of not being able to function properly under higher water, higher water cut operating conditions, requiring the use of solutions containing hydrophobic or semiconductor materials. Since semiconductor layers do not have a long service life, a higher frequency of corrective maintenance is required, as is the case with uninsulated electrodes.
  • CEC TM Compact Electrostatic Coalescer
  • Aker Solutions has a number of Teflon ® coated concentric circular electrodes.
  • Teflon ® is one of the most commonly used types of hydrophobic coatings, as is Xylan ® .
  • these materials are very prone to failure due to problems arising from material contamination, application failure, high temperature, etc.
  • Vessel Internai Electrostatic Coalescer uses epoxy coated electrodes.
  • epoxy is a material very prone to water and gas absorption, affecting the effectiveness of insulation and presenting problems arising from rapid gas decompression.
  • the materials usually employed in electrode isolation also have a technical frequency limitation (up to approximately 5kHz). ) and voltage (in the order of 10kV) to be employed in the process.
  • a technical frequency limitation up to approximately 5kHz.
  • voltage in the order of 10kV
  • the electrode object of the present invention was developed, which incorporates a ceramic insulation which offers the advantage that the electrode can be used in systems with frequency up to 100kHz and, additionally, can be subjected to elevated temperature and pressure conditions, higher than those supported by state of the art electrodes.
  • the electrode according to the present invention has a sealing system in the connector body that allows isolation of the electrical connection of the production fluid in the separator vessel itself, without the need for additional penetrators as in the prior art.
  • the electrode according to the present invention has a cylindrical shaped body (1) and rounded at its lower end.
  • Said electrode body (1) comprises an electrical insulation coating of ceramic material (2) and a fixing structure (3) responsible for the sealing effect between the chamber through which the process fluids pass and the chamber where the electrical components are located. .
  • Ceramic material (2) is of varying thickness according to the need for electrode insulation and the electrical field required by the process.
  • the thickness of the ceramic insulation may typically, but not limited, vary from approximately 2 to 8 mm. Additionally, the electrode diameter can be reduced at some points along its length to avoid punctual electrical stress.
  • the clamping frame (3) is made of metal-to-metal and elastomeric sealing units compatible with process fluids and is responsible for sealing the chambers against the ingress of fluids on both the face between the clamping frame (3) and the element to which it is fixed, how much between the electrode (1) and the ceramic insulation (2). Thus, if a ceramic failure involving the electrode occurs, the process fluids cannot overcome the barrier offered by the clamping structure (3) and reach the other chamber, as the seal is kept intact.
  • the sealing functionality offered by the clamping structure (3) allows the coalescing equipment provided with the electrode according to the present invention to be used outside the separating vessel and can be advantageously employed in water-oil separation processes.
  • the fixing of the ceramic insulation (2) to the fixing structure (3) can be done by directly joining the parts or through an intermediate mounting component inserted between the two parts, connecting them.
  • the intermediate mounting component has its own metal and / or elastomeric sealing units and the joining between the parts is accomplished by welding techniques already known and usually applied by those skilled in the art, such as the brazing technique.
  • the connection between the electrode and the electrical cable (5) that supplies power to it is made by a crimp connector (4). When energized through the electrical cable (5), the electrode (1) emits an electric field that exceeds the ceramic insulation (2) and is propagated by the environment surrounding the electrode.
  • electrodes commonly used in the prior art are limited to systems with frequencies of up to approximately 5 kHz and voltage of the order of 10 kV
  • the electrode object of the present invention is capable of operating at higher frequency conditions. , up to 100kHz, and voltage, up to 25kV.
  • Another advantage presented by the object electrode of the present invention relates to its ability to sustain higher temperatures and higher pressure when supported by the materials known in the art, which are, respectively, 120 Q C and 3000 psi, and This is the case with epoxy coating.
  • the polymer - based coating materials are degraded when subjected to high temperatures, and its upper limit Q at 150 C.
  • ceramic material in electrode insulation presents better performance than other materials commonly used in view of its high compatibility with process fluids, including produced fluids and injection fluids. Diesel, seawater, methanol, industrial water, monoethylene glycol (MEG), demulsifiers and correction inhibitors are commonly employed as injection fluids. Examples of fluids produced are crude oil, natural gas, water and sand.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une électrode à isolation céramique, destinée être utilisée, notamment, dans des équipements de séparation de fluides par applications de champs électromagnétiques, principalement mis en oeuvre dans l'industrie du pétrole, pouvant être utilisés dans des raffineries, des plateformes et des systèmes de séparation sous-marins, entre autres. L'électrode comprend une isolation électrique de matériau céramique (2), une structure de fixation pour l'étanchéité de l'électrode (3), un connecteur de sertissage (4) et un câble d'alimentation (5).
PCT/BR2014/050050 2014-12-18 2014-12-18 Électrode et ses utilisations WO2016094975A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/BR2014/050050 WO2016094975A1 (fr) 2014-12-18 2014-12-18 Électrode et ses utilisations

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/BR2014/050050 WO2016094975A1 (fr) 2014-12-18 2014-12-18 Électrode et ses utilisations

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016094975A1 true WO2016094975A1 (fr) 2016-06-23

Family

ID=56125467

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/BR2014/050050 WO2016094975A1 (fr) 2014-12-18 2014-12-18 Électrode et ses utilisations

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2016094975A1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0617115A1 (fr) * 1993-03-15 1994-09-28 Institut Francais Du Petrole Dispositif et procédé de séparation de phases de densités et de conductivités différentes par électrocoalescence et centrifugation
US5575896A (en) * 1994-04-06 1996-11-19 National Tank Company Method and apparatus for oil/water separation using a dual electrode centrifugal coalescer

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0617115A1 (fr) * 1993-03-15 1994-09-28 Institut Francais Du Petrole Dispositif et procédé de séparation de phases de densités et de conductivités différentes par électrocoalescence et centrifugation
US5575896A (en) * 1994-04-06 1996-11-19 National Tank Company Method and apparatus for oil/water separation using a dual electrode centrifugal coalescer

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