WO2016093445A1 - 미세 조류를 이용한 수 정화 장치 - Google Patents
미세 조류를 이용한 수 정화 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016093445A1 WO2016093445A1 PCT/KR2015/005197 KR2015005197W WO2016093445A1 WO 2016093445 A1 WO2016093445 A1 WO 2016093445A1 KR 2015005197 W KR2015005197 W KR 2015005197W WO 2016093445 A1 WO2016093445 A1 WO 2016093445A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M1/00—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M25/00—Means for supporting, enclosing or fixing the microorganisms, e.g. immunocoatings
- C12M25/02—Membranes; Filters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
- C12M27/02—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M33/00—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M43/00—Combinations of bioreactors or fermenters with other apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a water purification device using microalgae. More specifically, the present invention relates to a water purification apparatus using microalgae capable of producing high purity algae while purifying water using aerobic microorganisms using photosynthetic oxygen generated by algae.
- algae can produce oxygen through photosynthesis to supply oxygen to aerobic microorganisms.
- the nitrogen component in the contaminated water is converted to nitrite nitrogen (NO 2 -N) or nitrate nitrogen (NO 3 -N) by biological nitrification to remove it from the contaminated water.
- the organic matter contained in the contaminated water is converted to carbon dioxide and removed.
- the nitrification and denitrification processes are carried out sequentially.
- An aerobic microorganism uses the photosynthetic oxygen produced by algae to purify water and at the same time provide a device for purifying water by microalgae capable of producing algae of high purity.
- the water purification device includes one or more water purification units adapted to purify contaminated water.
- the water purification unit comprises: i) a photosynthetic reaction section into which contaminated water is introduced and irradiated with light; ii) a plurality of algal attachment networks that are inclined in the photosynthetic reaction section and spaced apart from each other, iii) located below the photosynthetic reaction section, photosynthesis A nitrification unit for accommodating a plurality of carriers to which aerobic microorganisms are attached to induce nitrification of contaminated water using oxygen generated in the reaction unit, and for producing nitrified liquid, iv) a nitrification unit located under the plurality of carriers, And an algae collector adapted to supply oxygen, and v) an algae collector connected to the photosynthetic reaction section to collect algae released from the plurality of algae attachment networks.
- Water purification device is connected to the photosynthetic reaction unit to supply the contaminated water to the photosynthetic reaction unit, and connected to the nitrification unit is supplied to the nitrified liquid is a living body to clean the contaminated water by mixing with the contaminated water
- the filter may further include.
- the water purification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes a planar porous screen positioned between the photosynthetic reaction unit and the nitrification unit, and the algae attachment network may form an angle of 30 ° to 60 ° with the planar porous screen.
- the separation distance of the plurality of bird attachment nets is 15 cm to 20 cm, and the area of the opening formed in at least one bird attachment net of the plurality of bird attachment nets may be 1 cm 2 to 2.5 cm 2 .
- the height of the photosynthetic reaction part may be greater than 0 and 30 cm or less.
- the algal attachment nets of the plurality of algal attachment nets may be made of one or more materials selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, stainless steel, polyfluoride vinylladen, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane, and polypropylene.
- the at least one water purification unit includes a pair of water purification units, further includes a partition wall that partitions the pair of water purification units, and a pair of water depending on the flow direction of the contaminated water through the partition and the adjacent communication portion. Purification units may be connected in series.
- the pair of water purification units includes a first purification unit and a second purification unit which are sequentially positioned along the flow direction of the contaminated water, and are installed on the inner side of the nitrification tank included in the first purification unit and directed toward the second purification unit. It may further include a propeller for adjusting the flow rate of the contaminated water.
- the plurality of carriers may be formed in a fixed rod shape extending long up and down.
- a water purification device includes one or more water purification units adapted to purify contaminated water.
- the water purification unit comprises: i) an inlet adapted to introduce contaminated water, ii) an inlet connected to the inlet, and a nitrification unit accommodating a plurality of carriers with aerobic microorganisms to induce nitrification of the contaminated water;
- a photosynthetic reaction part to which light is irradiated iv) a plurality of algae attachment members extending vertically apart from each other in the photosynthetic reaction part, v) collecting algae detached from the plurality of algae attachment members connected to the photosynthetic reaction part
- An algae collector and vi) an underneath portion positioned below the plurality of algae attachment members and adapted to further supply oxygen.
- the bottom surface of the inlet portion may be located higher than the bottom surface of the nitrification portion.
- the bottom surface of the nitrification portion may be located lower than the bottom surface of the photosynthetic reaction portion.
- the plurality of algae attachment members are arranged in a lattice form, and one or more of the algae attachment members of the plurality of algae attachment members may comprise i) a support, and ii) a support, and a detachable algae attachment.
- the separation distance of the plurality of bird attachment members may be 1 cm to 5 cm.
- the height of the support may be between 5 cm and 10 cm.
- the height of the algae attachment member may be 30 cm to 60 cm.
- the algae attachment may comprise one or more materials selected from the group consisting of acrylic, polyethylene, polypropylene and stainless steel.
- the water purification apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention may further include a rotary paddle installed in the inlet to smoothly transport the contaminated water to the nitrification unit.
- the water purification apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention may further include a baffle that extends in the vertical direction on the nitrification unit and is installed in a flat shape to guide the contaminated water to enter the nitrification unit.
- the water purification apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention may further include a planar porous screen positioned between the baffle and the nitrification unit, and the planar porous screen may be positioned to cover the nitrification unit.
- the at least one water purification unit includes a pair of water purification units, further includes a partition wall that partitions the pair of water purification units, and a pair of water depending on the flow direction of the contaminated water through the partition and the adjacent communication portion.
- Purification units may be connected in series.
- a water purification device is connected to an inlet to supply contaminated water to an inlet, and is connected to a photosynthetic reaction unit to receive nitrified liquid and to mix the contaminated water with biofiltration to purify contaminated water. It may further include wealth.
- the water purification unit may have a long channel shape.
- the at least one flowable carrier of the plurality of flowable carriers comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, polyethylene and polypropylene, and the specific gravity of the flowable carrier may be 0.97 to 1.03.
- a water purification device can be used to purify water efficiently and produce fine algae with high purity. In other words, it is possible to reduce the energy required for aerobic water purification, such as sewage, wastewater, farm contaminated water, public contaminated water. And by harvesting the high-purity microalgae produced can be manufactured health functional food, feed, fertilizer, biofuel and the like.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a water purification apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the photosynthetic reaction part of FIG. 1.
- FIG 3 is a schematic side view of a water purification apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a water purification device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of a water purification apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of a water purification apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of a water purification apparatus according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view of a water purification apparatus according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view of a water purification apparatus according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- first, second, and third are used to describe various parts, components, regions, layers, and / or sections, but are not limited to these. These terms are only used to distinguish one part, component, region, layer or section from another part, component, region, layer or section. Accordingly, the first portion, component, region, layer or section described below may be referred to as the second portion, component, region, layer or section without departing from the scope of the invention.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a side structure of a water purification apparatus 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the structure of such a water purification device 100 is only for illustrating the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, the structure of the water purification device can be modified in other forms. For example, it can also manufacture from an oxide sphere, a rectangle, a round shape, etc.
- the water purification apparatus 100 includes a photosynthesis reaction unit 10, algae attachment networks 12, nitrification units 15, acid units 22, and algae collection units 50. Include. In addition, the water purification device 100 may further include other components as necessary.
- the water purification apparatus 100 separates the habitat space of the heterotrophic microorganisms and the autotrophic microorganisms, and separates the habitat space of the autotrophic microorganisms back and forth to purify the contaminated water.
- the upper part corresponds to the photosynthetic reaction part 10 and the lower part corresponds to the nitrification part 15.
- the contaminated water contains organic substances such as ammonia and phosphorus.
- the contaminated water flows into the photosynthetic reaction part 10 in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 1. Since the upper portion of the photosynthetic reaction part 10 is exposed to the outside, light is irradiated to allow algae to photosynthesize.
- the algae attachment networks 12 are spaced apart from each other and installed inclined in the photosynthetic reaction part 10. Since the algae attachment networks 12 are installed at an angle, light may be efficiently irradiated to each algae attachment networks 12 while the contaminated water passes well therebetween. If the algae attachment nets 12 are positioned vertically, light does not reach the algae attachment nets 12 well.
- the algae attachment nets 12 are horizontally positioned, the algae attachment nets 12 need to be overlapped, and thus the algae are difficult to receive photosynthetic light. Therefore, it is preferable that the algae attachment networks 12 are inclined so that the algae receive light well to sufficiently produce oxygen by photosynthesis.
- the bird attachment network 12 can be stably fixed by the bird attachment frame (11).
- the algae collecting unit 50 is connected to the photosynthetic reaction unit 10 to collect algae detached from the algae attachment networks 12. That is, filamentous algae are desorbed due to blowing or rapid water flow changes, are collected in the algae collecting unit 50, and concentrated by gravity. Therefore, it is possible to collect the detached algae using the algae collecting unit (50). On the other hand, it is also possible to easily harvest the algae by detaching the algae by physical impact such as high pressure air injection by lifting up the algae attachment network 12.
- the nitrification part 15 is located under the photosynthetic reaction part 10.
- the nitrification unit 15 accommodates the fixed phase nitrification carriers 20 formed in the shape of a rod.
- the stationary phase nitrification carriers 20 are formed in a fixed rod shape that extends vertically. As a result, contaminated water can flow well between the fixed-phase nitrification carriers 20, so that nitric oxide is easily generated by using oxygen in the oxidation reaction of organic matter and ammonia.
- the stationary phase nitrification carriers 20 may be made of polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, or the like. If necessary, the fixed-phase nitrification carriers 20 may be manufactured by suspension microbial contact oxidation (HBC) and fixed by a frame or the like.
- HBC suspension microbial contact oxidation
- Aerobic microorganisms attached to the fixed-phase nitrification carriers 20 are activated by oxygen generated in the photosynthetic reaction unit 10 to decompose contaminated water.
- the nitrogen component can be separated from the contaminated water to induce the nitrification reaction. That is, the aerobic microorganisms produce nitrified liquid, which can be discharged and used outside.
- the planar porous screen 21 is positioned between the photosynthetic reaction part 10 and the nitrification part 15. Oxygen generated in the photosynthetic reaction unit 10 is efficiently transferred to the nitrification unit 15 through the planar porous screen 21.
- the planar porous screen 21 physically partitions the photosynthetic reaction unit 10 and the nitrification unit 15.
- the acid groups 22 are located below the stationary phase nitrification carriers 20. If the algae is deeply located in the contaminated water, light may not reach the algae and the algae's photosynthesis may not be sufficient. In this case, the photosynthesis of the algae can be smoothly progressed by forcibly supplying oxygen to the nitrification unit 15 using the diffuser 22. That is, when oxygen is insufficient, the contaminated water may be purified by additionally supplying oxygen through the acid group 22 to activate the aerobic microorganisms attached to the fixed-phase nitrification carriers 20. As a result, the nitric oxide can be efficiently produced by the aerobic microorganisms and then discharged well to the outside.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic structure of the photosynthetic reaction part 10 of FIG. 1.
- the structure of the photosynthetic reaction part 10 of FIG. 2 is only for illustrating the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, the structure of the photosynthetic reaction part can be modified into other forms.
- the algae attachment nets 12 are fixed inclined at an angle ⁇ of 30 ° to 60 ° with respect to the planar porous screen 21, ie, the horizontal plane. If the angle ⁇ is too small, the algae may overlap each other, and thus may not receive light well, thereby degrading photosynthetic efficiency. On the contrary, when the angle ⁇ is large, the amount of light incident due to the tidal attachment networks 12 not facing the sun is low, so that the photosynthetic efficiency of the alga is lowered. Therefore, by adjusting the angle ( ⁇ ) in the above-described range, the flow of water flow is induced to maximize the oxygen production efficiency while rapidly growing algae.
- the algae attachment network 12 includes filamentous algae, such as filamentous algae Klesormidium, Stigeoclonium, Oedogonium, Cladophora, and Eurotrix. Attached. As a result, algae can produce oxygen smoothly by photosynthesis.
- filamentous algae such as filamentous algae Klesormidium, Stigeoclonium, Oedogonium, Cladophora, and Eurotrix. Attached. As a result, algae can produce oxygen smoothly by photosynthesis.
- the separation distance d12 of the bird attachment networks 12 may be 15 cm to 20 cm. If the separation distance d12 is too small, the algae attachment networks 12 are positioned so that the algae cannot receive a sufficient amount of light, thereby degrading photosynthetic efficiency. Conversely, if the separation distance d12 is too large, the amount of algae produced may be too small. Therefore, the separation distance d12 is adjusted to the above range.
- the area of the opening 121 formed in the bird attachment nets 12 may be 1 cm 2 to 2.5 cm 2 .
- it is formed in an opening 121 in the square shape, and to control the area of the opening 121 to the 1cm 2 to about 2.25cm 2. If the size of the opening 121 is too small, the contaminated water may be blocked to obstruct the flow of the contaminated water. Conversely, if the opening 121 is too large in size, the algae can be easily detached from the algae attachment networks 12. As a result, sufficient photosynthetic efficiency cannot be obtained. Therefore, it is preferable to adjust the area of the opening 121 to the above-mentioned range.
- the height h11 of the photosynthetic reaction part 10 may be greater than 0 and less than or equal to 30 cm.
- the algae are located deep in the contaminated water and thus cannot receive light well, so that photosynthesis is not performed well.
- the water depth is greater than 40 m
- the lower tidal current that does not penetrate sunlight consumes oxygen through endogenous respiration while dying without photosynthetic reaction, and thus the oxygen utilization efficiency is lowered.
- algae is well detached and mixed with the nitrifying bacteria detached from the carrier to reduce the purity of the algae, there is a problem that the utilization of the algae is lowered. Therefore, it is preferable to make height h11 of the photosynthesis reaction part 10 into the above-mentioned range.
- the algae attachment networks 12 may be made of a material such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, stainless steel, polyfluoride vinylladen, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane, or polypropylene having a diameter of 1 mm to 5 mm. In addition, one or more of these materials may be mixed to make algal attachment nets 12. These materials not only have excellent durability, but also can induce rapid growth of high-purity algae, and can produce a large amount of oxygen by photosynthesis.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows a side structure of the water purification apparatus 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Since the water purification apparatus 200 of FIG. 3 is similar to the water purification apparatus 100 of FIG. 1, the same reference numerals are used for the same parts, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the fluidized carriers 40 may be used to decompose contaminated water. That is, contaminated water can be efficiently decomposed using aerobic microorganisms attached to the fluid carriers 40.
- the flowable carriers 40 may be made of polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, or the like, and may have a specific gravity of 0.97 to 1.03.
- aerobic microorganisms it is attached to a fluid carrier (40) as nitrification bacteria to a nitrification reaction can be used microorganisms such as Nitrosomonas, Nitrosococcus, Nitrobacter, Nitrococcus.
- the fluid carriers 40 have a spherical shape, the fluid carriers 40 can be continuously flowed according to the flow of the contaminated water.
- the planar porous screen 21 may be disposed between the photosynthetic reaction unit 10 and the nitrification unit 16 to prevent the flowable carriers 40 from entering the photosynthetic reaction unit 10.
- FIG. 4 schematically shows a side structure of the water purification apparatus 300 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. Since the water purification device 300 of FIG. 4 is similar to the water purification device 100 of FIG. 1, the same reference numerals are used for the same parts, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the biological filtration unit 60 is connected to the photosynthetic reaction unit 10 and supplies contaminated water to the photosynthetic reaction unit 10 along the arrow direction.
- the biological filtration unit 60 is connected to the nitrification unit 15 receives the nitrified liquid and mixed with the contaminated water before supplying to the photosynthetic reaction unit 10.
- the contaminated water may be purified first in the biological filtration unit 60 and then again in the nitrification unit 15, the contaminated water may provide purified water in which organic matters are well removed.
- the three-way valve 63 may be controlled to block the nitrified liquid discharged from the nitrification unit 15 from being introduced into the biological filtration unit 60.
- the concentration of organic matter in the purified water discharged through the biological filtration unit 60 may be 20 mg / L or less, and SS may maintain 20 mg / L or less.
- Using the biological filtration unit 60 can be expected to remove nitrogen through the denitrification, organic matter removal, suspended matter removal effect and carbon dioxide supply effect through the denitrification reaction.
- FIG. 5 schematically shows a side structure of a water purification apparatus 400 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Since the water purification apparatus 400 of FIG. 5 is similar to the water purification apparatus 100 of FIG. 1, the same reference numerals are used for the same parts, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the propeller 23 is installed on the inner side of the nitrification tank 15 to adjust the flow rate of the contaminated water.
- the water flow can be induced by using the propeller 23.
- FIG. 6 schematically shows a side structure of a water purification apparatus 500 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Since the water purification device 500 of FIG. 6 is similar to the water purification device 400 of FIG. 5, the same reference numerals are used for the same parts, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the water purification apparatus 500 includes a pair of water purification units 5001 and 5003. Although only a pair of water purification units 5001 and 5003 are shown in FIG. 6, alternatively, three or more water purification units may be connected in series. In addition, the pair of water purification units 5001 and 5003 are the same as the water purification devices 100, 200, 300 and 400 according to the first to fourth embodiments of the present invention.
- the water purification apparatus 500 can be manufactured by combining (100, 200, 300, 400).
- the pair of water purification units 5001 and 5003 include a first water purification unit 5001 and a second water purification unit 5003. Since the first water purification unit 5001 and the second water purification unit 5003 are partitioned by the partition wall 55, the contaminated water can flow smoothly along the arrow direction. The first water purification unit 5001 and the second water purification unit 5003 are sequentially located along the flow direction of the contaminated water. The contaminated water flows continuously through the partition wall 55 and the adjacent communication part 53. That is, the pair of water purification units 5001 and 5003 are connected in series in the flow direction of the contaminated water.
- the propeller 23 adjusts the flow rate of contaminated water from the 1st purification unit 5001 toward the 2nd purification unit 5003.
- FIG. 7 schematically shows a side structure of the water purification device 600 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- the enlarged circle of FIG. 7 shows the bird attachment members 60 in an enlarged manner.
- the structure of the water purification apparatus 600 of FIG. 7 is only for illustrating the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, the structure of the water purification device can be modified in other forms.
- the water purification apparatus 600 of FIG. 7 is somewhat similar to the water purification apparatus 100 of FIG. 1, the same reference numerals are used for the same parts.
- the water purification device 600 includes an inlet 61, a nitrification unit 64, a photosynthetic reaction unit 66, algae attachment members 68, and an acid generator 22. .
- the water purification device 600 further includes a rotary paddle 65 and a baffle 62.
- the water purification apparatus 600 sequentially performs the nitrification process and the denitrification process to nitrate and purify the water contaminated with ammonia.
- contaminated water is introduced through the inlet 61.
- the contaminated water introduced into the inlet 61 flows to the right by the rotary paddle 65 rotating in the direction of the arrow.
- the rotary paddle 65 is installed in the inlet 61 to apply the shear force while adjusting the rotational speed to intermittently detach the algae attached to the bird attachment members 68.
- Rotating paddles 65 are used to maintain optimal photosynthetic efficiency.
- the baffle 62 extends in the vertical direction on the nitrification unit 64 and is installed in a planar shape. As a result, the contaminated water is blocked by the baffle 62 and guided to smoothly flow into the nitrification unit 64 while descending along the direction of the arrow.
- the nitrification unit 64 is connected to the inlet 61, and a plurality of flowable carriers 69 to which aerobic microorganisms are attached are accommodated therein. Aerobic microorganisms induce nitrification of contaminated water.
- the bottom surface 611 of the inlet 61 is located higher than the bottom surface 641 of the nitrification unit 64. That is, the nitrification unit 64 is formed in a convex form toward the bottom in the form of a pocket to easily accommodate the plurality of flowable carriers (69).
- a planar porous screen 63 is disposed between the baffle 62 and the nitrification unit 64, and the planar porous screen 63 covers the nitrification unit 64. As a result, it is possible to prevent the flowable carriers 69 from leaving the nitrification unit 64 by the flow.
- Flowable carriers 69 may be made of a material such as polyurethane, polyethylene, or polypropylene.
- the specific gravity of the fluid carriers 69 may be 0.97 to 1.03. If the specific gravity of the flowable carriers 69 is too small, the flowable carriers 69 float only on the contaminated water, so that aerobic microorganisms cannot decompose organic matter well. On the contrary, if the specific gravity of the flowable carriers 69 is too large, it sinks under the contaminated water and does not flow well. Therefore, it is preferable to adjust the specific gravity of the flowable carriers 69 in the above-described range.
- Nitrifying bacteria attached to the fluid carriers 69 remove oxygen by nitrification using oxygen, and microorganisms such as Nitrosomonas, Nitrosococcus, Nitrobacter, and Nitrococcus may be used.
- the photosynthetic reaction part 66 is connected to the nitrification part 64 and irradiated with light. Therefore, oxygen generated by photosynthesis in the photosynthetic reaction part 66 may be supplied to the nitrification part 64 so that contaminated water may be efficiently decomposed.
- the bottom surface 641 of the nitrification unit 64 is located lower than the bottom surface 661 of the photosynthetic reaction unit 66. Therefore, the fluid carriers 69 can be confined efficiently to decompose contaminated water.
- algae attachment members 68 that are spaced apart from each other and extend vertically are located.
- the algae attachment members 68 are in the form of rods having a square or circular cross section using a material such as polyvinyl chloride, polyetherene, polyethersulfone, polyfluoride vinylladen, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane or polypropylene It can be prepared as.
- the algae attachment members 68 Underneath the algae attachment members 68 is an air diffuser 22 positioned to supply additional oxygen. Meanwhile, the algae collector 67 is connected to the photosynthetic reaction part 66 to collect algae detached from the algae attachment members 68. As a result, algae produced in large quantities by photosynthesis can be easily collected.
- the tidal attachment members 68 include a support 681 and a tidal attachment 683.
- the bird attachment portion 683 is positioned above the support 681 and is detachable from the support 681. Therefore, the algae attachment portion 683, in which the algae is grown, may be separated from the support portion 681, and the algae may be separated and then used in combination with the support portion 681.
- the algae attachment portion 683 may be made of a material such as acrylic, polyethylene, polypropylene or stainless steel. Appropriate algae are natural algae that live in sewage, wastewater, or aquaculture farms. Microspora, Spirogyra, or Oscillatoria can be used.
- the separation distance d68 of the bird attachment members 68 may be 1 cm to 5 cm. If the separation distance d68 is too small, contaminated water is difficult to pass through. On the contrary, when the separation distance d68 is too large, the algae attachment members 68 are not densely formed so that a large amount of algae cannot be obtained, and sufficient oxygen for aerobic microorganisms is not generated. Therefore, the separation distance d68 is maintained in the above-described range.
- the height h68 of the bird attachment member 68 may be 30cm to 60cm. If the height h68 of the algae attachment member 68 is too large, the algae attachment member 68 may protrude above the contaminated water. In contrast, when the height h68 of the algae attachment member 68 is too small, a sufficient amount of algae cannot be obtained. Therefore, it is preferable to adjust the height h68 of the bird attachment member 68 to the above-mentioned range. Furthermore, the height h681 of the support 681 of the bird attachment members 68 may be 5 cm to 10 cm. If the height h681 of the support portion 681 is too large, the length of the algae attachment portion 683 becomes relatively small to obtain a desired amount of algae. In addition, when the height h681 of the support portion 681 is too small, it is difficult to detach the bird attachment portion 683. Therefore, it is preferable to make height h681 of the support part 681 into the above-mentioned range.
- FIG. 8 schematically shows a planar structure of a water purification apparatus 700 according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. Since the water purification apparatus 700 of FIG. 8 is similar to the water purification apparatus 600 of FIG. 7, the same reference numerals are used for the same parts, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the water purification apparatus 700 includes a pair of water purification units 7001 and 7003.
- the pair of water purification units 7001 and 7003 may be the same as the water purification apparatus 600 of FIG. 7.
- the pair of water purification units 7001 and 7003 include a first water purification unit 7001 and a second water purification unit 7003 each having a channel shape. In this case, it is necessary to provide a conveying pump to pump downstream water upstream.
- the partition wall 45 partitions the 1st water purification unit 7001 and the 2nd water purification unit 7003 mutually.
- the first water purification unit 7001 and the second water purification unit 7003 are continuously connected in the flow direction of the contaminated water shown by an arrow through the partition 45 and the adjacent communication part 43. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture a water purification apparatus 700 that can efficiently purify contaminated water while minimizing the occupied area.
- FIG. 9 schematically shows a planar structure of a water purification apparatus 800 according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. Since the water purification apparatus 800 of FIG. 9 is similar to the water purification apparatus 700 of FIG. 8, the same reference numerals are used for the same parts, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the biological filtration unit 60 is connected to the inlet 61 to supply contaminated water.
- the biological filtration unit 60 is connected to the photosynthetic reaction unit 66 to receive the nitrified liquid, and mixes the nitrified liquid with the contaminated water to purify the contaminated water.
- the biological filtration unit 60 oxidizes the organic material using a denitrification reaction to remove carbon dioxide, and remove nitrate nitrogen with nitrogen gas.
- a sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus having the same structure as that of FIG. 1 was manufactured to treat sewage and wastewater of Yeongdeok Respia, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do.
- the algae attachment network was a grid-type stainless steel net, and filled with a square sponge made of polyurethane as a nitrification carrier.
- the effective capacity of the wastewater and wastewater treatment apparatus was 231.0L (biofilm filtration tank: 15.0L, photosynthesis, nitrification tank: 216.0L) in total.
- the LED was irradiated from the top of the surface of the water, and the mixed light consisting of white, red, and blue was used so that the wavelength of the LED was similar to natural light.
- the biofilm of the biofilm filtration tank is inoculated with anaerobic sludge containing anaerobic microorganisms such as Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Paracoccus into an anaerobic reactor filled with a 4 mm diameter spherical carrier and mixed with sewage / wastewater and sewage / wastewater. It was prepared by incubating for 1 month by the method of injection. And strainers were installed at the lower and upper ends, respectively, to prevent the loss of the carrier, and the effective volume was fixed to 15.0L.
- anaerobic sludge containing anaerobic microorganisms such as Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Paracoccus into an anaerobic reactor filled with a 4 mm diameter spherical carrier and mixed with sewage / wastewater and sewage / wastewater. It was prepared by incubating for 1 month by the method of injection. And strainers were installed at the
- photosynthesis and nitrification tanks have 500 ⁇ m / m2 / s of light for the algae that grow in the sewage such as Stigioclonium, Oscillatoria, Anchistrodesmus, Chlorella, and Cenedesmus.
- the culture solution was cultured under the condition of ⁇ 1.0 ° C, and the culture solution was collected at Yeongdeok Lespia (Sewage Treatment Plant) in Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, and continuously injected at a rate of 216 L / D.
- Table 1 shows the operating conditions of the sewage and wastewater treatment system.
- the chl-a concentration of algae attached to the attachment network was harvested by 10 g every four days without measuring.
- Table 2 shows the measurement of BOD, SS, T-N and T-P of the treated water treated in the above experimental example.
- the measurement method of BOD, SS, T-N and T-P was measured according to the water pollution process test method (2012, Ministry of Environment).
- the BOD removal rate was 98.1% on average, indicating the efficiency of the standard activated sludge level which is artificially blown, and the SS removal rate was very high at 95.7%.
- suspended suspended microalgae are precipitated by bio-flocculation of microalgae and bacterial microbial communities, separated from treated water, and removed. It was found that the detached microalgae were small and the SS of the treated water was maintained at a very low level.
- the removal rate of T-N was high as 80.2%, and the reducing nitrogen (TKN) was also very high as 94.5%. Therefore, when a high nitrogen removal rate is required, it was confirmed that it is very useful to use a fixed-phase microalgae attachment medium.
- T-P reducing nitrogen
- a high removal efficiency of 79.1% was obtained by the rapid growth rate of the algae growing on the attachment network. Therefore, when high T-P removal rate is required, it was found that it is preferable to culture the algae growing on the adhesion.
- the water temperature of the influent was low as 16 °C, but the oxygen supply was smoothed by algae growth and photosynthetic activity. It was in nitrified form. From this, it was found that the algae had excellent low temperature resistance, and the nitrification reaction was actively progressed by the adhesion medium and the fluid carrier. Therefore, the water purification device using the attached algae exhibited high water treatment efficiency because organic matter oxidation, nitrification and denitrification, and phosphorus intake reaction proceeded smoothly.
- the biofilm filtration tank is located in front of the photosynthesis and nitrification tank, it exhibits the effect of removing organic matter and carbon dioxide supply by heterotrophic microorganism, and the nitrification reaction proceeded smoothly even at low water temperature. As a result, it was found that high-efficiency water purification and high purity algae can be harvested, so that both water treatment and useful algae production are possible.
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Abstract
Description
운전기간 | 3개월 5일 | |
HRT(hr) | 24.0 | |
SRT(d) | 5 | |
유입수 | 수온(℃) | 16.0±1.0 |
전도도(㎲/㎠/s) | 713.6±44.3 | |
pH | 7.4±0.2 | |
생물여과조 | 전도도(㎲/㎠/s) | 71.8±51.7 |
pH | 7.2±0.1 | |
생물막여과조 유출수 SS(mg/L) | 18.6 | |
생물막여과조 유출수 BOD(mg/L) | 32.3 | |
광합성질산화조 | 용존산소(mg/L) | 3.3±0.4 |
하·폐수 유입량(L/d) | 216 | |
광합성부착틀 재질(직경) | 스테인레스강(1.5㎜) | |
부착망의 스테인리스망목 간격 | 1.1cm | |
부착망과 부착망 사이 간격 | 10.0cm | |
유효 수심(부착망 높이) | 45cm(25cm) | |
chl-a(부유상태, mg/L *) | 0.2±0.3 | |
MLSS(부유상태, mg/L *) | 37.0±24.5 | |
빛 조사 시간(시간/일) | 24시간/일 |
항 목 | 유입수(mg/L) | 처리수(mg/L) | 제거율(%) |
BOD | 272.4±89.4 | 5.1±3.2 | 98.1 |
SS | 250.8±116.4 | 10.9±6.5 | 95.7 |
T-N | 59.5±6.5 | 11.8±3.1 | 80.2 |
TKN | 58.7±8.9 | 3.2±3.2 | 94.5 |
NOx-N/TN(%) | 0.4/59.5(0.7) | 9.2/11.8(78.6) | - |
T-P | 8.0±1.0 | 1.7±0.7 | 79.1 |
Claims (24)
- 오염수를 정화하도록 적용된 하나 이상의 수 정화 유닛을 포함하는 수 정화 장치로서,상기 수 정화 유닛은,오염수가 유입되고, 광이 조사되는 광합성 반응부,상기 광합성 반응부내에 경사지게 설치되고, 상호 이격된 복수의 조류 부착망들,상기 광합성 반응부 아래에 위치하고, 상기 광합성 반응부에서 생성되는 산소를 이용해 상기 오염수의 질산화 반응을 유도하는 호기성 미생물이 부착된 복수의 담체들을 수용하고, 질산화된 액체를 생성하는 질산화부,상기 복수의 담체들의 아래에 위치하고, 상기 질산화부에 추가로 산소를 공급하도록 적용된 산기부, 및상기 광합성 반응부와 연결되어 상기 복수의 조류 부착망들로부터 탈리된 조류를 수집하는 조류 수집부를 포함하는 수 정화 장치.
- 제1항에서,상기 광합성 반응부와 연결되어 상기 오염수를 상기 광합성 반응부에 공급하고, 상기 질산화부와 연결되어 상기 질산화된 액체를 공급받아 상기 오염수와 혼합함으로써 상기 오염수를 정화시키는 생물 여과부를 더 포함하는 수 정화 장치.
- 제1항에서,상기 광합성 반응부와 상기 질산화부 사이에 위치하는 평면형 다공성 스크린을 더 포함하고, 상기 조류 부착망은 상기 평면형 다공성 스크린과 30° 내지 60°의 각을 이루는 수 정화 장치.
- 제1항에서,상기 복수의 조류 부착망들의 이격 거리는 15cm 내지 20cm이고, 상기 복수의 조류 부착망들 중 하나 이상의 조류 부착망에 형성된 개구부의 면적은 1cm2 내지 2.5cm2인 수 정화 장치.
- 제1항에서,상기 광합성 반응부의 높이는 0 보다 크고, 30cm 이하인 수 정화 장치.
- 제1항에서,상기 복수의 조류 부착망들 중 하나 이상의 조류 부착망은 폴리염화비닐, 폴리에틸렌, 스테인리스강, 폴리플루오르화물비닐라덴, 폴리테트라플루오르에틸렌, 폴리우레탄 및 폴리프로필렌으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나 이상의 소재로 제조된 수 정화 장치.
- 제1항에서,상기 하나 이상의 수 정화 유닛은 한 쌍의 수 정화 유닛들을 포함하고,상기 한 쌍의 수 정화 유닛들을 상호 구획하는 격벽을 더 포함하며,상기 격벽과 이웃하는 연통부를 통하여 상기 오염수의 흐름 방향에 따라 상기 한 쌍의 수 정화 유닛들이 연속 연결된 수 정화 장치.
- 제7항에서,상기 한 쌍의 수 정화 유닛들은 상기 오염수의 흐름 방향을 따라 차례로 위치하는 제1 정화 유닛 및 제2 정화 유닛을 포함하고, 상기 제1 정화 유닛에 포함된 질산화조의 내부 측면에 설치되어 상기 제2 정화 유닛 방향으로 상기 오염수의 유속을 조절하는 프로펠러를 더 포함하는 수 정화 장치.
- 제1항에서,상기 복수의 담체들은 상하로 길게 뻗은 고정 막대형으로 형성된 수 정화 장치.
- 오염수를 정화하도록 적용된 하나 이상의 수 정화 유닛을 포함하는 수 정화 장치로서,상기 수 정화 유닛은,상기 오염수가 유입되도록 적용된 유입부,상기 유입부와 연결되고, 상기 오염수의 질산화 반응을 유도하는 호기성 미생물이 부착된 복수의 담체들이 수용된 질산화부,상기 질산화부와 연결되고, 광이 조사되는 광합성 반응부,상기 광합성 반응부내에 상호 이격되어 상하로 길게 뻗은 복수의 조류 부착 부재들,상기 광합성 반응부와 연결되어 상기 복수의 조류 부착 부재들로부터 탈리된 조류를 수집하는 조류 수집부, 및상기 복수의 조류 부착 부재들 아래에 위치하여 추가로 산소를 공급하도록 적용된 산기부를 포함하는 수 정화 장치.
- 제10항에서,상기 유입부의 바닥면은 상기 질산화부의 바닥면보다 높게 위치하는 수 정화 장치.
- 제11항에서,상기 질산화부의 바닥면은 상기 광합성 반응부의 바닥면보다 낮게 위치하는 수 정화 장치.
- 제10항에서,상기 복수의 조류 부착 부재들은 격자 형태로 배열되고, 상기 복수의 조류 부착 부재들 중 하나 이상의 조류 부착 부재들은,지지부, 및상기 지지부 위에 위치하고, 상기 지지부와 탈착 가능한 조류 부착부를 포함하는 수 정화 장치.
- 제13항에서,상기 복수의 조류 부착 부재들의 이격 거리는 1cm 내지 5cm인 수 정화 장치.
- 제13항에서,상기 지지부의 높이는 5cm 내지 10cm인 수 정화 장치.
- 제13항에서,상기 조류 부착 부재의 높이는 30cm 내지 60cm인 수 정화 장치.
- 제13항에서,상기 조류 부착부는 아크릴, 폴리에틸렌, 폴리프로필렌 및 스테인리스강으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나 이상의 소재를 포함하는 수 정화 장치.
- 제10항에서,상기 유입부에 설치되어 상기 오염수를 상기 질산화부로 원활하게 이송하는 회전 패들을 더 포함하는 수 정화 장치.
- 제10항에서,상기 질산화부 위에 수직 방향으로 뻗어 평면형으로 설치되어 상기 오염수가 상기 질산화부로 유입되도록 가이드하는 배플을 더 포함하는 수 정화 장치.
- 제19항에서,상기 배플과 상기 질산화부 사이에 위치하는 평면형 다공성 스크린을 더 포함하고, 상기 평면형 다공성 스크린은 상기 질산화부를 덮어서 위치하는 수 정화 장치.
- 제10항에서,상기 하나 이상의 수 정화 유닛은 한 쌍의 수 정화 유닛들을 포함하고,상기 한 쌍의 수 정화 유닛들을 상호 구획하는 격벽을 더 포함하며,상기 격벽과 이웃하는 연통부를 통하여 상기 오염수의 흐름 방향에 따라 상기 한 쌍의 수 정화 유닛들이 연속 연결된 수 정화 장치.
- 제10항에서,상기 유입부와 연결되어 상기 오염수를 상기 유입부에 공급하고, 상기 광합성 반응부와 연결되어 상기 질산화된 액체를 공급받아 상기 오염수와 혼합함으로써 상기 오염수를 정화시키는 생물 여과부를 더 포함하는 수 정화 장치.
- 제10항에서,상기 수 정화 유닛은 길게 뻗은 수로 형상을 가지는 수 정화 장치.
- 제10항에서,상기 복수의 유동성 담체들 중 하나 이상의 유동성 담체는 폴리우레탄, 폴리에틸렌 및 폴리프로필렌으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나 이상의 소재를 포함하고, 상기 유동성 담체의 비중은 0.97 내지 1.03인 수 정화 장치.
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US9764975B2 (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-09-19 | Helenio de Carvalho Ellery Filho | Biological filtration system for removal of nitrogen compounds in aquatic animal breeding environments, and its implementing device |
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KR101996065B1 (ko) * | 2019-02-08 | 2019-10-17 | 경기도 | 미세조류와 탈질세균의 공배양을 이용한 질소제거 장치 및 이를 이용한 질소제거 방법 |
KR20220145011A (ko) | 2021-04-21 | 2022-10-28 | (주)케이이엠바이오 | 미세 조류를 이용한 수질정화장치 |
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CN113666502A (zh) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-11-19 | 世纪华扬环境工程有限公司 | 一种碳中和的污水处理用太阳能聚热反应器 |
CN113880354A (zh) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-04 | 世纪华扬环境工程有限公司 | 一种高海拔条件下污水处理用工艺 |
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