WO2016085009A1 - Système et procédé de diagnostic d'anomalie dans une chaîne de modules solaires montés en série - Google Patents

Système et procédé de diagnostic d'anomalie dans une chaîne de modules solaires montés en série Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016085009A1
WO2016085009A1 PCT/KR2014/011541 KR2014011541W WO2016085009A1 WO 2016085009 A1 WO2016085009 A1 WO 2016085009A1 KR 2014011541 W KR2014011541 W KR 2014011541W WO 2016085009 A1 WO2016085009 A1 WO 2016085009A1
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module
string
output voltage
voltage value
abnormal
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PCT/KR2014/011541
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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송기택
이철송
오지환
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(주)대은
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
    • H02S50/10—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an abnormality diagnosis system and method for diagnosing an abnormality in a string in which a solar module is connected in series in a photovoltaic power generation system, and more specifically, a module in which an abnormality occurs in a string in which a solar module is connected in series.
  • Module located at is specified as an abnormal module or exported in one string. If a module whose output voltage value exceeds the effective voltage appears continuously from a specific module, by specifying the module in front of the specific module as the fault generating module, the string in the series-connected photovoltaic module string capable of accurately specifying the faulty module in the string Fault module diagnostic system and method.
  • Solar cells are devices that convert light energy from sunlight into electrical energy.
  • a solar cell is a cell that generates electricity from light energy of sunlight (the smallest unit that generates electricity, hereinafter referred to as a 'cell'), a combination of the cells, and a cell module that sends electricity generated from each cell to the outside (extracting electricity Minimum unit, hereinafter referred to as a module), and a cell array defined as a combination of the above modules (hereinafter referred to as an 'array').
  • the technology of the photovoltaic device that is the background of the present invention is Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-0455250 (2004.10.22), 10-1028159 (2011,04,01) and 10-1049786 (2011, 07,11).
  • the photovoltaic device further comprises a solar cell module, a storage battery, and a power conversion inverter in a power generation method using a solar cell that generates electricity.
  • JP 5462821 (registered Jan. 24, 2014) "Solar cell abnormality determination device and solar cell abnormality determination method"
  • Patent Document 1 describes the determination of the abnormality of the solar cell from the short-circuit current value, the open voltage value, the maximum output operating voltage value, and the maximum output operating current value of the solar cell. Disclosed is a description of whether there is a failure by comparing the generated voltage of each of the plurality of solar panels connected in parallel in parallel with each other, but this is simply a comparison of the reference current voltage characteristics and the measured current voltage characteristics; Not only are the measurement voltages of the respective panels relatively compared, but the diagnosis target is also present in the presence or absence of an abnormality.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above problems,
  • An object of the present invention is to increase the value of any one module output voltage in the series connected solar module string by using the increase in the actual output voltage value in the peripheral module of the module in which the error occurs in the string connected in series.
  • the present invention provides an error module diagnosis system and method capable of accurately diagnosing whether an error module has occurred in a string stage by diagnosing that an error generating module is generated in a corresponding string when an effective voltage is exceeded.
  • An abnormal module diagnostic system and method are provided.
  • the present invention provides a system and method for diagnosing an abnormal module that can be classified and discriminated.
  • the fault module diagnostic system and method in the series-connected photovoltaic module string for achieving the above object of the present invention includes the following configuration.
  • an abnormal module diagnostic system in a serially connected photovoltaic module string includes: an array including one or more strings connected in series with one or more photovoltaic modules for converting solar energy into electrical energy; An output voltage sensing unit measuring an output voltage value of each module of the array; And an abnormality diagnosis unit for diagnosing whether or not an abnormality occurs in a specific module in the string based on the output voltage value of each module measured by the output voltage detection unit, wherein the abnormality diagnosis unit includes any of the photovoltaic module strings connected in series. When one module output voltage value exceeds the effective voltage, it is diagnosed that an abnormal module occurs in the corresponding string.
  • the abnormality diagnosis unit in the system according to the present invention, the abnormality diagnosis unit, the output voltage value of each module compared to the effective voltage of the module, if the output voltage value exceeds the effective voltage is located It characterized in that it comprises a fault string diagnosis module for diagnosing the presence of the fault generating module in the string.
  • the abnormality diagnosis unit the output voltage value exceeds the effective voltage when the module has two or more output voltage value exceeds the effective voltage in one string It characterized in that it comprises a fault module specific module for specifying a module located between the module as the fault generating module.
  • the abnormality diagnosis unit when a module whose output voltage value exceeds the effective voltage in one string continuously appears from a particular module, It characterized in that it comprises a fault module specific module for specifying the module as a fault generating module.
  • the measured output voltage value of the module whose output voltage value exceeds the effective voltage in one string is equal to the maximum effective voltage value. If it exceeds 10%, the presence of a shade or contamination generating module in the string is diagnosed, and if the exceeding 30% of the maximum effective voltage is characterized in that the diagnosis of the presence of a failure generating module in the string.
  • a fault module diagnosis method of a string module connected in series detects an output voltage for measuring an output voltage value of each module of an array including one or more string strings in which one or more solar modules are connected in series. step; And an abnormality diagnosis step of diagnosing whether an abnormality occurs in a specific module in a string based on the output voltage value of each module measured in the output voltage detection step, wherein the abnormality diagnosis step is performed in a solar module string connected in series.
  • an output voltage value of any one module exceeds the effective voltage, it is diagnosed that an abnormal module occurs in the corresponding string.
  • the abnormal diagnosis step the output voltage value of each module compared with the effective voltage of the module, if the output voltage value exceeds the effective voltage of the module It characterized in that it comprises a fault string diagnosis step of diagnosing the presence of the fault generating module in the string located.
  • the output voltage value is the effective voltage value when the module has two or more output voltage value exceeding the effective voltage in one string It characterized in that it comprises a fault module specific step of specifying a module located between the excess module as the fault generating module.
  • the abnormal diagnosis step when a module whose output voltage value exceeds the effective voltage in one string appears continuously from a specific module, the specific module It characterized in that it comprises a fault module specific step of specifying the module of the front end to the fault generating module.
  • the measured output voltage value of the module whose output voltage value exceeds the effective voltage value in one string is the maximum effective voltage value. It is characterized by diagnosing the presence of the shading or contamination generating module in the string when exceeding 10%, and diagnosing the presence of the failing module in the string when exceeding 30% of the maximum effective voltage.
  • the present invention can obtain the following effects by the configuration, combination, and use relationship described above with the present embodiment.
  • an actual output voltage value of a peripheral module of a module in which an error occurs in a string in which a solar module is connected in series increases, so that the output voltage value of any one module in the string of solar modules connected in series When exceeding, by diagnosing that an abnormal module occurs in the string, it is possible to accurately diagnose whether or not an abnormal module occurs in the string stage.
  • the module located between modules whose output voltage exceeds the effective voltage is identified as an abnormal occurrence module or one
  • the module in front of the specific module is designated as the fault generating module, so that the fault generating module in the string can be accurately specified.
  • the present invention can discriminate the occurrence of shadow, contamination or failure in a string according to the excess ratio at which the measured output voltage value of the module whose output voltage value exceeds the effective voltage in one string exceeds the maximum effective voltage value. Has the effect.
  • 1 is a reference diagram showing a remote monitoring system of the photovoltaic device
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an abnormal module diagnosis system in a string of solar modules connected in series according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3 is a reference diagram illustrating a case where two or more modules having an output voltage value exceeding an effective voltage in one string are separated from each other and measured by two or more;
  • FIG. 4 is a reference diagram illustrating a case in which a module whose output voltage value exceeds an effective voltage in one string is continuously displayed from a specific module.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a method of diagnosing a fault module in a string of solar modules connected in series according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • coordinator 70 output voltage detection unit
  • fault diagnosis unit 810 fault string diagnosis module
  • the photovoltaic device includes an array 20 (a plurality of modules 10 in an array) in which a plurality of photovoltaic modules 10, which are the smallest units that actually transmit electricity generated (generated), are gathered together. They comprise one or more strings 12 connected in series, and in the case of large-scale photovoltaic power generation, at least tens, hundreds or more arrays 20 are installed and operated. Equipment such as a van 30, an inverter 40, a sensor 50 for monitoring, a coordinator 60 for transmitting / receiving, etc. will be included).
  • the voltage of the photovoltaic module 10 is lowered (in other words, the efficiency of the module is lowered). At this time, the module 10 in which the voltage drop has occurred is accurately identified and When the cause of the voltage drop is notified to the operator, countermeasures such as replacement, repair, and cleaning of the module 10 are taken.
  • a monitoring system of a photovoltaic device simply diagnoses that an output (voltage) is lowered at an array 20 stage, and then an inspector manually measures each module of the array in such an array so that an abnormality occurs.
  • modules have been used to specify or have been used to diagnose output (voltage) degradation in the strings 12 in which the modules 10 are connected in series, the modules 10 may be connected in series.
  • the output (voltage) of one module 10 decreases, the output (voltage) of the other modules 10 around it increases complementarily, so that the output (voltage) of the string 12 is equal to some extent.
  • the recently developed abnormal diagnosis system for each module also measures the output amount (voltage value) for each module 10, but the conventional method, that is, the actual output value (voltage value) among the modules 10
  • the modules 10 are different from each other due to the compensation characteristic of the particular module whose output is dropped at the string 12 connected in series. Due to a phenomenon in which the actual output value (voltage value) suddenly rises and the output value of the entire string 12 stage is maintained as a whole, there is a problem that it is difficult to specify an exact abnormal module.
  • the measured output voltage value in the peripheral module of the module in which the module 10 is abnormally generated in the string 12 connected in series increases in the string 12. It is intended to present a new diagnostic system and method for enabling accurate diagnosis and identification of the fault generating module 10.
  • the fault module diagnosis system in a series connected solar module string includes one or more solar modules 10 for converting solar energy into electrical energy in series.
  • An output voltage sensing unit 70 measuring an output voltage value of each module 10 of the array 20 including one or more strings 12 connected to each other;
  • an abnormality diagnosis unit 80 for diagnosing whether an abnormality has occurred in a specific module 10 in the string 12 based on the output voltage value of each module 10 measured by the output voltage detecting unit 70.
  • the abnormality diagnosis unit 80 is the output voltage of any one module 10 in the photovoltaic module string 12 connected in series is the effective voltage (hereinafter referred to as the "effective voltage" in the present invention, the general module 10 It means the voltage value measured in the normal operating state of, for example, when the rated voltage of the specific module 10 is 35V, the effective voltage is measured in about 15 ⁇ 20V) or more in the string (12) It is characterized in that the generating module 10 is diagnosed as having occurred.
  • the output voltage detecting unit 70 is configured to measure and provide an output voltage value for each module 10 with respect to the plurality of modules 10 located in the array 20.
  • the voltage mounted for each module 10 is provided. Sensors and the like can be utilized.
  • the data measured by the output voltage detection unit 70 is provided to the abnormality diagnosis unit 80 to be described later through wired and wireless communication means.
  • the abnormality diagnosis unit 80 is configured to diagnose whether or not an abnormality occurs in a specific module 10 in the string 12 based on the output voltage value of each module 10 measured by the output voltage detecting unit 70. For this purpose, in detail, the abnormality diagnosis unit 80 compares the output voltage value of each module 10 with the effective voltage of the corresponding module 10 when the output voltage value exceeds the effective voltage of the corresponding module 10.
  • the string string 12 may include an abnormal string diagnosis module 810 for diagnosing the existence of the abnormality occurrence module 10.
  • the abnormal voltage diagnosis module 810 when the abnormal string diagnosis module 810 has an abnormality in a specific module 10 in the string 12 in which the modules 10 are connected in series, the abnormal voltage diagnosis module 810 outputs the voltage from the abnormal occurrence module 10. Deviation from the conventional method of detecting a value falling and comparing it with a reference value (the conventional method shows a disadvantage of inferior accuracy), rather, actually measured in the peripheral module 10 of the module 10 in which an abnormality occurred. By using the output voltage value rising relative to the effective voltage in the normal case, it is possible to accurately diagnose the existence of the abnormality generating module 10 in the string 12. For example, referring to FIG.
  • the measured voltage values measured by each module 10 are all effective voltage ranges (for example, 15).
  • the measured voltage value measured by the peripheral modules 10-1, 10-2, 10-6 to 10-9 is measured to be higher than the effective voltage, and the abnormal string diagnosis module 810 uses the same.
  • the output voltage value exceeds the effective voltage when the output voltage value of each module 10 is compared with the effective voltage of the corresponding module 10 in the string 12, the string 12 in which the corresponding module 10 is located is displayed. It is diagnosed that the abnormality occurrence module 10 exists.
  • the abnormality diagnosis unit 80 may identify the abnormality module specific module 820 that can specify the position of the module 10 in which the abnormality occurs in the string 12 in which the presence of the abnormality occurrence module 10 is detected. It may include.
  • the abnormal module specific module 820 is, for example, a module in which the output voltage value exceeds the effective voltage when the module 10 whose output voltage value exceeds the effective voltage is spaced apart from each other in one string 12.
  • Module 10 located between the (10) is specified as the fault generating module (10). That is, referring to FIG. 3, the modules 10-1 to 10-2, 10 spaced apart from each other by the specific modules 10-3, 10-4, and 10-5 in the string 12 therebetween.
  • the abnormal module measuring module 10 includes a specific module 10 between them. -3, 10-4, 10-5) can be specified as the module in which the error occurs, so that the location of the error module can be accurately presented.
  • the specific module 10 when the module 10 whose output voltage value exceeds the effective voltage in one string 12 appears continuously from the specific module 10, the specific module 10 may be used.
  • the module 10 immediately before is identified as the abnormality generating module 10. That is, referring to FIG. 4, when the output voltage value is continuously higher than the effective voltage range (for example, about 15 to 20 V) from the specific module 10-5 in the string 12 thereafter.
  • the module 10-4 immediately preceding the specific module 10-5 may be identified as the module in which the abnormality has occurred so that the position of the abnormality module 10-4 can be accurately presented. Since the modules 10 are connected to the string 12 in series, the actual voltage value actually measured and displayed is high in the left and right sides of the module 10 in which the error occurs. In the case of appearing higher from the rear end of the abnormal module-specific module 820, even in such a case (reflecting the case), it is possible to accurately specify the position of the error generating module 10.
  • the abnormal string diagnosis module 810 the measured output voltage value of the module 10 whose output voltage value exceeds the effective voltage range (for example, 15 ⁇ 20V) in one string 12 is effective If 10% of the voltage maximum (eg 20V) is exceeded, the presence of the shade or contamination generation module 10 in the string 12 is diagnosed and 30% of the effective voltage maximum (eg 20V) is exceeded. In this case, it is possible to diagnose the presence of the failure generation module 10 in the string 12. That is, the abnormal string diagnosis module 810 has a corresponding output voltage value according to a difference in the ratio of the output voltage value of the specific module 10 in the string 12 to exceed the effective voltage range (for example, 15 to 20V).
  • the effective voltage range is excessively exceeded and appears close to the rated voltage, the presence of the failed module 10 in the string 12 (in this case, the output voltage value of the failed module 10 is almost zero). Due to the case that the output voltage value of the peripheral module 10 is excessively increased, it is diagnosed that there is a failure module 10, and if the corresponding output voltage value slightly exceeds the effective voltage range. In the string 12, due to the presence of a relatively weak output module 10 (in this case, the module 10 can be seen that the output is degraded due to shading or staining, etc.) 10) Slightly increased output voltage If so it is diagnosed that the shade or contamination module 10 present.
  • the method for diagnosing a fault module in a string of solar modules connected in series includes an array including one or more strings 12 connected in series with one or more solar modules 10.
  • the abnormal diagnosis step (S30) is an abnormal occurrence module in the string 12 when the output voltage value of any one module 10 in the string module 12 of the solar module 10 connected in series exceeds the effective voltage It is characterized by diagnosing that (10) has occurred.
  • the output voltage sensing step S10 is a step of measuring and providing an output voltage value for each module 10 with respect to the plurality of modules 10 located in the array 20, and the voltage mounted for each module 10. The measurement is performed by using a sensor, and the data measured by the output voltage detection unit 70 is provided to the abnormality diagnosis unit 80 through wired or wireless communication means.
  • the abnormal diagnosis step (S30) is a step of diagnosing whether an error occurs in a specific module 10 in the string 12 based on the output voltage value of each module 10 measured in the output voltage detection step S10. More specifically, the abnormal diagnosis step (S30) is compared with the output voltage value of each module 10 compared with the effective voltage of the module 10, if the output voltage value exceeds the effective voltage, the module 10 is located.
  • the abnormal string diagnosis step S31 for diagnosing the existence of the abnormality occurrence module 10 in the string 12 and the module 10 in which the abnormality occurs in the corresponding string 12 in which the existence of the abnormality occurrence module 10 is detected.
  • An abnormal module specifying step S32 may be provided.
  • the abnormal string diagnosis step S31 when an error occurs in a specific module 10 in the string 12 in which the modules 10 are connected in series, an output voltage value of the abnormal string generating module 10 is increased.
  • the actual output voltage at the peripheral module 10 of the module 10 in which an abnormality is generated is eliminated from the conventional method of detecting a drop and determining it against a reference value.
  • the measured voltage values measured by each module 10 are all effective voltage ranges (for example, 15).
  • the string is used using the string. If the output voltage value exceeds the effective voltage when the output voltage value of each module 10 is compared with the effective voltage of the corresponding module 10 within 12, the string 12 within the module 10 is located. It is diagnosed that the error generation module 10 exists.
  • the abnormal module specifying step (S32) is, for example, a module in which the output voltage value exceeds the effective voltage when the module 10 whose output voltage value exceeds the effective voltage is spaced apart from each other in one string 12.
  • Module 10 located between the (10) is specified as the fault generating module (10). That is, referring to FIG. 3, the modules 10-1 to 10-2, 10 spaced apart from each other by the specific modules 10-3, 10-4, and 10-5 in the string 12 therebetween.
  • the specific module 10 therebetween. -3, 10-4, 10-5) can be specified as the module in which the error occurs, so that the location of the error module can be accurately presented.
  • the module 10 immediately preceding the specific module 10 is selected. It may be specified by the error generation module 10. That is, referring to FIG. 4, when the output voltage value is continuously higher than the effective voltage range (for example, about 15 to 20 V) from the specific module 10-5 in the string 12 thereafter.
  • the module 10-4 immediately preceding the specific module 10-5 may be identified as the module in which the abnormality has occurred so that the position of the abnormality module 10-4 can be accurately presented. Since the modules 10 are connected to the string 12 in series, the actual voltage value actually measured and displayed is high in the left and right sides of the module 10 in which the error occurs.
  • the position of the abnormality generating module 10 can be accurately specified even in this case (also reflecting the case).
  • the measured output voltage value of the module 10 in which the output voltage value exceeds the effective voltage range (for example, 15 to 20 V) within one string 12 is invalid. If 10% of the voltage maximum (eg 20V) is exceeded, the presence of the shade or contamination generation module 10 in the string 12 is diagnosed and 30% of the effective voltage maximum (eg 20V) is exceeded. In this case, it is possible to diagnose the presence of the failure generation module 10 in the string 12. That is, according to the difference in the ratio of the output voltage value of the specific module 10 in the string 12 to exceed the effective voltage range (for example, 15 to 20 V), the corresponding output voltage value excessively exceeds the effective voltage range.
  • the effective voltage range for example, 15 to 20 V
  • the output voltage value of the faulty module 10 is almost zero
  • the fault generating module 10 is diagnosed as being present.
  • the output voltage value of the peripheral module 10 is slightly increased due to the presence of the module 10 whose output is reduced (in this case, the module 10 can be regarded as being deteriorated due to shading or staining). Is shading, It is diagnosed that the pollution generation module 10 exists.

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  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système et un procédé de diagnostic d'anomalie, le système diagnostiquant si une anomalie s'est produite dans une chaîne de modules solaires montés en série dans un système de génération d'énergie solaire. L'invention concerne, plus particulièrement, un système et un procédé de diagnostic d'anomalie dans une chaîne de modules solaires montés en série à l'aide de la valeur de tension de sortie actuelle qui augmente dans les modules entourant un module dans lequel une anomalie s'est produite dans une chaîne de modules solaires montés en série, et de diagnostic de l'apparition d'un module anormal dans une chaîne si la valeur de tension de sortie d'un module quelconque de la chaîne de modules solaires montés en série dépasse la tension efficace, ce qui permet de détecter précisément si oui ou non une anomalie s'est produite dans chaque chaîne. En outre, si les modules pour lesquels les valeurs de tension de sortie dépassent la tension efficace sont séparés par deux modules ou plus à l'intérieur d'une chaîne unique, les modules situés entre les modules pour lesquels les valeurs de tension de sortie dépassent la tension efficace sont spécifiés en tant que modules anormaux, ou si les modules pour lesquels les valeurs de tension de sortie dépassent la tension efficace apparaissent successivement à partir d'un module particulier dans une chaîne unique, alors le module précédent correspondant au module particulier est spécifié en tant que module anormal, ce qui permet de spécifier précisement les modules anormaux à l'intérieur d'une chaîne.
PCT/KR2014/011541 2014-11-28 2014-11-28 Système et procédé de diagnostic d'anomalie dans une chaîne de modules solaires montés en série WO2016085009A1 (fr)

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CN106533361B (zh) * 2016-12-14 2018-08-03 河海大学常州校区 一种基于小波分析的光伏组件故障诊断方法
KR102065351B1 (ko) * 2017-11-21 2020-02-11 허대철 태양광 발전 관리 시스템

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