WO2016082442A1 - 一种存储系统及交换扩展装置 - Google Patents

一种存储系统及交换扩展装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016082442A1
WO2016082442A1 PCT/CN2015/077089 CN2015077089W WO2016082442A1 WO 2016082442 A1 WO2016082442 A1 WO 2016082442A1 CN 2015077089 W CN2015077089 W CN 2015077089W WO 2016082442 A1 WO2016082442 A1 WO 2016082442A1
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Prior art keywords
expansion
extension
switching
interfaces
storage system
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PCT/CN2015/077089
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王娜
李胜
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2016082442A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016082442A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/40—Support for services or applications
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
    • G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
    • G06F3/0668—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems adopting a particular infrastructure
    • G06F3/0671—In-line storage system
    • G06F3/0683—Plurality of storage devices
    • G06F3/0685—Hybrid storage combining heterogeneous device types, e.g. hierarchical storage, hybrid arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
    • G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
    • G06F3/0602—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect
    • G06F3/0625—Power saving in storage systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electronic technologies, and in particular, to a storage system and a switching extension device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a SAN storage system in the prior art.
  • the control device A and the control device B are connected to the two ports of the hard disk through the extension board A and the extension board B, respectively, and the control device A and the extension device B are connected.
  • FIG. 2 is another schematic structural diagram of a SAN storage system in the prior art.
  • the control device A and the control device B are a group of control devices, and the plurality of control devices are respectively connected to two SAS switches, and then one SAS switch of the two SAS switches is connected to multiple expansion boards A, and the other SAS switches are connected. Multiple expansion boards B.
  • the hard disk in the storage system can be accessed by multiple control devices.
  • the number of cables is large, and the SAS switches need to be managed and controlled in the storage system to increase the cabinet space and power consumption. Therefore, no SAS switch networking is adopted.
  • the prior art does not have a storage system that can improve the reliability of the storage system and simplify the storage system networking.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a storage system and a switching expansion device, and provides a storage system capable of improving the reliability of the storage system and simplifying the storage system networking, thereby reducing the management complexity of the storage system and not occupying the storage system. Cabinet space and technical effects of reduced power consumption.
  • a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a storage system, where the storage system includes:
  • the switching extension device has at least 2N uplink extension interfaces and 2M downlink extension interfaces, and M and N are integers greater than or equal to 1;
  • the storage device is connected to the switching extension device through the 2M downlink expansion interfaces.
  • the switching extension device includes:
  • Each of the two switch expansion boards provides N uplink extension interfaces of the at least 2N uplink extension interfaces and M downlink extension interfaces of the 2M downlink extension interfaces. ;
  • the memory has two ports, which are respectively connected to the two switch expansion boards.
  • the switching extension device includes:
  • K is an integer greater than or equal to 2
  • the switching extension module includes:
  • each of the two switching expansion boards providing N uplink expansion interfaces and M/K downlink expansion interfaces;
  • the memory has two ports, which are respectively connected to the two switch expansion boards.
  • each of the K switch expansion modules provides N/2 uplink extension interfaces and M/K downlink extension interfaces. And interconnecting the storage devices connected to the switch expansion module.
  • a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a switching extension apparatus, where the switching extension apparatus includes:
  • Two exchange expansion boards providing N upstream extensions for connecting control devices An interface and an M downlink extension interface for connecting to the storage device, where M and N are integers greater than or equal to 1;
  • the memory has two ports, which are respectively connected to the two switch expansion boards.
  • a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a switching extension apparatus, where the switching extension apparatus includes:
  • K is an integer greater than or equal to 2
  • the switching extension module includes:
  • each of the two exchange expansion boards providing N uplink expansion interfaces for connecting control devices and M/K downlink expansion interfaces for connecting storage devices;
  • the memory has two ports, which are respectively connected to the two switch expansion boards.
  • a storage system including: a switching extension device, having 2N uplink extension interfaces and at least 2M downlink extension interfaces, where M and N are integers greater than or equal to 1; 2N control devices are adopted
  • the 2N uplink extension interfaces are connected to the switching extension device, and the storage device is connected to the switching extension device by using the at least 2M downlink extension interfaces.
  • the storage system provided by the embodiment of the present invention can realize the access of the server to the storage device even if the SAS switch is not externally provided, thereby improving the reliability of the storage system.
  • the storage system networking is simplified, the SAS switch is not managed, and the management complexity of the storage system is reduced.
  • Replacing the SAS switch with a switch expansion device does not occupy cabinet space. There is also memory in the switching expansion device, and the server can directly access the memory in the switching expansion device, reducing the power consumption of the storage system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a SAN storage system in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is another schematic structural diagram of a SAN storage system in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a storage system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is another schematic diagram of a third structure of a storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a storage system and a switching expansion device, and provides a storage system capable of improving the reliability of the storage system and simplifying the storage system networking, thereby reducing the management complexity of the storage system and not occupying the storage system. Cabinet space and technical effects of reduced power consumption.
  • a storage system including: a switching extension device, having 2N uplink extension interfaces and at least 2M downlink extension interfaces, where M and N are integers greater than or equal to 1; 2N control devices are adopted
  • the 2N uplink extension interfaces are connected to the switching extension device, and the storage device is connected to the switching extension device by using the at least 2M downlink extension interfaces.
  • the storage system provided by the embodiment of the present invention can realize the access of the server to the storage device even if the SAS switch is not externally provided, thereby improving the reliability of the storage system.
  • the storage system networking is simplified, the SAS switch is not managed, and the management complexity of the storage system is reduced.
  • Replacing the SAS switch with a switch expansion device does not occupy cabinet space. There is also memory in the switching expansion device, and the server can directly access the memory in the switching expansion device, reducing the power consumption of the storage system.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the storage system includes:
  • the switching extension device 31 has at least 2N uplink extension interfaces and 2M downlink extension interfaces, and M and N are integers greater than or equal to 1;
  • control devices 32 including control device 1 to control device 2n, connected to the switching extension device through the at least 2N uplink expansion interfaces;
  • the storage device 33 is connected to the switching extension device through the 2M downlink extension interfaces.
  • the 2N control devices 32 can be connected to the server, receive the access request sent by the server, and transmit the access request to the storage device through the switching extension device to implement the server access to the storage device.
  • N in the 2N control devices is an integer greater than or equal to 1, so the control device is at least two, and the corresponding storage system may be a dual-control storage system, for example, SAN (English: Storage Area Network; Chinese) : Storage Area Network) Storage System.
  • SAN Storage Area Network
  • the storage device 33 includes:
  • Two expansion boards including an expansion board A and an expansion board B;
  • the memory has two ports, and the two ports are respectively connected to the two expansion boards.
  • the memory may be a dual port hard disk, for example: SAS (English: Serial) Attached Small Computer System Interface; Chinese: Small Computer System Interface for Serial Connection), NL-SAS (English: Near Line-Serial Attached Small Computer System Interface; Chinese: Small Computer System Interface for Near-End Serial Connection) Disk, FC (English: Fibre Channel; Chinese: Fibre Channel) disk, SATA (English: Serial Advanced Technology Attachment) disk expanded by port selector.
  • SAS American: Serial) Attached Small Computer System Interface
  • Chinese Small Computer System Interface for Serial Connection
  • NL-SAS English: Near Line-Serial Attached Small Computer System Interface
  • Chinese Small Computer System Interface for Near-End Serial Connection
  • FC English: Fibre Channel
  • Chinese Fibre Channel
  • SATA Serial Advanced Technology Attachment
  • the switching extension device 31 includes:
  • Two switching expansion boards including a switching expansion board A and a switching expansion board B, each of the two switching expansion boards providing N uplink expansion interfaces and the at least 2M of the 2N uplink expansion interfaces M downlink extension interfaces in the downlink extension interface;
  • the memory has two ports, which are respectively connected to the two switch expansion boards.
  • the switch expansion board is an expansion board with a switching function. Specifically, the switch expansion board provides multiple uplink extension interfaces and multiple downlink extension interfaces, where multiple uplink extension interfaces are used to connect multiple control devices, and multiple downlink extension interfaces are used to connect multiple storage devices.
  • the switching extension device since the switching extension device further includes a memory, the switching extension device not only has a switching function but also has a storage function, and the server can directly access the memory in the switching extension device. That is to say, the switching extension device is a storage device with a switching function, and has only a switching function compared to the external SAS switch in the prior art.
  • the switching extension device in the embodiment of the present invention has both a switching function and a storage function, and provides Greater storage capacity.
  • the external SAS switch needs to be specifically managed and controlled.
  • the switch extension device serves as a storage device with a switching function, which simplifies the management control of the storage system and reduces the management of the storage system. the complexity.
  • the switching expansion device does not occupy cabinet space and consumes less power than the SAS switch.
  • the storage system provided by the embodiment of the present invention is, but not limited to, three structures.
  • 2N control devices and a plurality of storage devices are connected by a switching extension device.
  • 2N control devices 32 may be composed of N groups of control device groups, and N group control devices The groups are connected, and each group of control devices is composed of a control device A and a control device B.
  • the 2N control devices may also be constructed of 2N identical or different control devices.
  • control device group 1 When 2N control devices 32 are composed of N sets of control device groups: control device group 1, control device group 2 to control device group n, and each control device group is composed of control device A and control device B, exchange expansion device 31
  • the two switch expansion boards included may be a switch expansion board A and a switch expansion board B.
  • the switch expansion board A provides N uplink extension interfaces, and N control devices A are respectively connected through N uplink expansion interfaces, and the exchange expansion board A also provides The M downlink extension interfaces are respectively connected to the expansion boards A of the M storage devices through the M downlink extension interfaces.
  • the expansion board B provides N uplink extension interfaces, and N control devices B are respectively connected through the N uplink expansion interfaces.
  • the expansion board B also provides M downlink expansion interfaces, and the expansion boards B of the M storage devices are respectively connected through the M downlink extension interfaces.
  • connection manner is only an example. In the actual application process, it is not limited to the above connection manner, and the extension board A may be exchanged to connect the control device B and the expansion board A of the storage device, and the expansion expansion board B is connected to the control device A.
  • the expansion board B of the storage device, or the expansion board A is connected to the control unit A and the expansion board B of the storage unit, and the expansion board B is connected to the control unit B and the expansion board A of the storage unit.
  • one of the two exchange expansion boards included in the exchange expansion device is connected to N control devices of 2N control devices, and the other exchange expansion board Connect the remaining N control devices of the 2N control devices.
  • the switch expansion board A of the switching extension device 31 provides four uplink extension interfaces and four downlink extension interfaces, and four network cables are required to connect the control devices A of the four groups of control device groups.
  • the expansion board A of the four storage devices is connected by using four network cables.
  • the switch expansion board B provides four uplink expansion interfaces and four downlink expansion interfaces.
  • Four network cables are required to connect four groups of controls.
  • the control device B in the device group needs to connect the expansion board B of the four storage devices by using four networking cables.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a second structure of the storage system.
  • a switching extension device includes K switching expansion modules, and 2N control devices and a plurality of storage devices are connected by K sub-switch expansion devices.
  • the switch extension device 31 includes: K switch extension modules, and the switch extension module 1 to the switch extension module k, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the exchange extension module includes:
  • each of the two switching expansion boards providing N uplink expansion interfaces and M/K downlink expansion interfaces;
  • the memory has two ports, which are respectively connected to the two switch expansion boards.
  • the second structure of the storage system includes at least two switching expansion modules, which increases the number of switching expansion devices, and needs a storage device connected to the switching expansion device. There are still M, so each switch expansion board in each switch expansion module can provide only M/K downlink extension interfaces, and each of the switch expansion boards in the first structure provides M downlink extensions.
  • the second structure of the storage system reduces the number of downlink expansion interfaces provided by the switch expansion board. Accordingly, the number of networking cables required for the switch expansion board is also reduced from M to M/K.
  • each of the switch expansion boards in each of the switch expansion modules still provides N uplink extension interfaces, and each switch extension module is connected to 2N control devices, if there are K switch expansion modules If the switching expansion module fails, the control device cannot access the storage device connected to the failed switching expansion module, but the control device can still access the storage device connected to the non-failed switching module, compared to the first of the storage system. In the case where the switching expansion device fails, the control device cannot access all the storage devices. In the second structure of the storage system, the control device cannot access the storage device connected to the failed switching module, and the control device can still access the remaining device. The storage device improves the reliability of the storage system.
  • the second structure of the storage system is as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the connection between the switch expansion module and the storage device does not constitute a cross-network.
  • the switch expansion board A of the switch extension module 1 of the switch extension device 31 provides four uplink extension interfaces and two downlink extension interfaces, and needs to use four network cables to connect four groups of control device groups.
  • the control device A needs to use two networking cables to connect the expansion boards A of the two storage devices.
  • the switching expansion board B of the switching expansion module 1 provides four uplink expansion interfaces and two downlink expansion interfaces, which are required to be used.
  • the four network cables are connected to the control device B of the four groups of control devices.
  • two expansion cables B of two storage devices are connected by using two networking cables.
  • the second structure of the storage system shown in FIG. 5 includes two switching expansion modules, which increases the number of switching expansion devices, and needs to be exchanged with the expansion device. There are still 4 connected storage devices, so each switching expansion board in each switching expansion module can provide only 2 downlink expansion interfaces, and each of the switching expansion boards in the first configuration provides 4 switching expansion boards.
  • the downlink expansion interface, the second structure of the storage system reduces the number of downlink expansion interfaces provided by the switch expansion board. Accordingly, the number of networking cables required for the switch expansion board is also reduced from four to two.
  • each expansion board in each switch expansion module still provides four downlink extension interfaces. If there are two switch expansion modules, if the switch expansion module 1 fails.
  • the control device may not access the storage device connected to the switch expansion module 1, but the control device can still access the storage device connected to the switch expansion module 2.
  • the control device cannot access all of the devices when the switching device fails in FIG. In the case of the storage device, the switching module 1 in FIG. 5 fails, and the control device can still access the storage device connected to the non-failed switching module 2, improving the reliability of the storage system.
  • the second structure of the storage system can also be as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the connection between the switch expansion module and the storage device constitutes a cross-network.
  • a switch expansion module connects 4 storage devices. If the switching expansion module 1 fails, the switching expansion module 2 is connected to the four storage devices due to the cross networking, and the control device can still access all the storage devices through the switching expansion module 2, which is different from the switching device in FIG. , the control device cannot access all the storage In the case of the switch module 1 in FIG. 5, the control device can still access all the storage devices, which improves the reliability of the storage system.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a third structure of the storage system.
  • a switching extension device includes K switching expansion modules, and 2N control devices are connected to a plurality of storage devices through K sub-switch expansion devices, and the storage devices connected to the switching expansion modules are interconnected.
  • Each of the K switch expansion modules provides N/2 uplink extension interfaces and M/K downlink extension interfaces.
  • the storage device connected to the switch expansion module is interconnected in the third structure of the storage system, so each switch expansion board in the switch expansion module can provide only N/ Two uplink expansion interfaces, and each of the switch expansion boards in the second structure provides N uplink expansion interfaces, and the third structure of the storage system reduces the number of uplink expansion interfaces provided by the switch expansion board, correspondingly The number of networking cables required to exchange expansion boards is also reduced from N to N/2. Because the storage devices connected to the switch expansion module are interconnected, even if K-1 switch expansion modules in the K switch expansion modules fail or the storage device connected to the switch module fails, the remaining storage devices can be accessed through other paths. .
  • each of the switch expansion boards in each of the switch expansion modules still provides M/K downlink expansion interfaces, and the first type of switching expansion device
  • Each of the switch expansion boards provides M downlink extension interfaces.
  • the third structure of the storage system reduces the number of downlink expansion interfaces provided by the switch expansion board. Accordingly, the number of networking cables required for switching the expansion boards is also determined by The M root is reduced to the M/K root.
  • the third structure of the storage system is as shown in FIG. It can be seen from FIG. 7 that the switch expansion board A of the switching extension module 1 of the switching extension device 31 provides two uplink extension interfaces and two downlink extension interfaces, and two network cables are required to connect the two groups of control device groups.
  • the control device A needs to use two networking cables to connect the expansion boards A of the two storage devices.
  • the switching expansion board B of the switching expansion module 1 provides two uplink expansion interfaces and two downlink expansion interfaces. It is necessary to connect the control device A of the two groups of control devices with two networking cables, and to connect the expansion boards B of the two storage devices with two networking cables.
  • the storage devices connected to the two switching expansion modules are interconnected, so each of the exchange expansion modules
  • a switch expansion board can provide only two uplink expansion interfaces
  • each of the switch expansion boards in the second structure provides four uplink expansion interfaces
  • the third structure of the storage system reduces the provision of the switch expansion board.
  • the number of uplink expansion interfaces is correspondingly reduced from 4 to 2 for the number of networking cables required for switching expansion boards.
  • extension board A in the extension domain 1 is connected to the extension board A in the extension domain 3, and is extended.
  • the expansion board B in the domain 1 is connected to the extension board B in the extension domain 3; the extension board A in the extension domain 2 is connected to the extension board A in the extension domain 4, and the extension board B and the extension domain 4 in the extension domain 2 are connected.
  • the expansion board B in the connection
  • the failed storage device is covered with a shadow, and the control device can access other non-faulty storage devices through the path indicated by the dotted arrow in the figure.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a switching extension device.
  • the exchange expansion device 31 includes:
  • each of the two switch expansion boards providing N uplink expansion interfaces for connecting control devices and M downlink expansion interfaces for connecting storage devices, M and N are both greater than An integer equal to 1;
  • the memory has two ports, which are respectively connected to the two switch expansion boards.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a switching extension device.
  • the exchange expansion device 31 includes:
  • K is an integer greater than or equal to 2
  • each of the K switching expansion modules includes:
  • each of the two exchange expansion boards is provided for connection control N uplink expansion interfaces of the device and M/K downlink expansion interfaces for connecting to the storage device;
  • the memory has two ports, which are respectively connected to the two switch expansion boards.
  • a storage system including: a switching extension device, having 2N uplink extension interfaces and at least 2M downlink extension interfaces, where M and N are integers greater than or equal to 1; 2N control devices are adopted
  • the 2N uplink extension interfaces are connected to the switching extension device, and the storage device is connected to the switching extension device by using the at least 2M downlink extension interfaces.
  • the storage system provided by the embodiment of the present invention can realize the access of the server to the storage device even if the SAS switch is not externally provided, thereby improving the reliability of the storage system.
  • the storage system networking is simplified, the SAS switch is not managed, and the management complexity of the storage system is reduced.
  • Replacing the SAS switch with a switch expansion device does not occupy cabinet space. There is also memory in the switching expansion device, and the server can directly access the memory in the switching expansion device, reducing the power consumption of the storage system.
  • embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, the invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage and optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.

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Abstract

一种存储系统及交换扩展装置，该存储系统包括：交换扩展装置(31)，具有至少2N个上行扩展接口和2M个下行扩展接口，M和N均为大于等于1的整数；2N个控制装置(32)，通过所述至少2N个上行扩展接口与所述交换扩展装置(31)连接；存储装置(33)，通过所述2M个下行扩展接口与所述交换扩展装置(31)连接。交换扩展装置(31)，包括：两个交换扩展板，所述交换扩展板提供用于连接控制装置(32)的N个上行扩展接口和用于连接存储装置(33)的M个下行扩展接口，M和N均为大于等于1的整数；存储器，具有两个端口，所述两个端口分别连接所述两个交换扩展板。

Description

一种存储系统及交换扩展装置 技术领域
本发明涉及电子技术领域，尤其涉及一种存储系统及交换扩展装置。
背景技术
通常SAN(英文：Storage Area Network；中文：存储区域网络)存储系统是双控系统，即有两个控制装置。目前大部分存储厂家采用的组网拓扑结构为：两个控制装置分别通过一块扩展板连接硬盘的两个端口，且两个控制装置相连。请参考图1，图1为现有技术中SAN存储系统的结构示意图。图1中，控制装置A和控制装置B分别通过扩展板A和扩展板B连接硬盘的两个端口，控制装置A和扩展装置B相连。
为了提高可靠性，避免两个控制装置均发生故障后导致硬盘数据不可访问，现有技术中还存在另一种组网拓扑结构：增加SAS(英文：Serial Attached Small Computer System Interface；中文：串行连接方式的小型计算机系统接口)交换机，多个控制装置分别连接SAS交换机，然后SAS交换机再通过多块扩展板连接硬盘的两个端口。请参考图2，图2为现有技术中SAN存储系统的另一种结构示意图。图2中，控制装置A和控制装置B作为一组控制装置组，多组控制装置分别连接2个SAS交换机，然后2个SAS交换机中一个SAS交换机连接多个扩展板A，另一个SAS交换机连接多个扩展板B。
增加SAS交换机后，存储系统中的硬盘可以被多个控制装置访问。由于增加SAS交换机导致组网复杂，线缆较多，并且SAS交换机在存储系统中需要管理控制，增加机柜空间和功耗，所以目前尚无厂家采用SAS交换机组网方式。
因此，现有技术还不存在既能够提高存储系统的可靠性，又能够简化存储系统组网的存储系统。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种存储系统及交换扩展装置，提供了一种既能够提高存储系统的可靠性，又能够简化存储系统组网的存储系统，实现了降低存储系统的管理复杂度、不占用机柜空间和减小功耗的技术效果。
本发明实施例第一方面提供了一种存储系统，所述存储系统包括：
交换扩展装置，具有至少2N个上行扩展接口和2M个下行扩展接口，M和N均为大于等于1的整数；
2N个控制装置，通过所述至少2N个上行扩展接口与所述交换扩展装置连接；
存储装置，通过所述2M个下行扩展接口与所述交换扩展装置连接。
结合第一方面，在第一种可能的实现方式中，所述交换扩展装置包括：
两个交换扩展板，所述两个交换扩展板中每个交换扩展板提供所述至少2N个上行扩展接口中的N个上行扩展接口和所述2M个下行扩展接口中的M个下行扩展接口；
存储器，具有两个端口，所述两个端口分别连接所述两个交换扩展板。
结合第一方面，在第二种可能的实现方式中，所述交换扩展装置包括：
K个交换扩展模块，K为大于等于2的整数，所述交换扩展模块包括：
两个交换扩展板，所述两个交换扩展板中每个交换扩展板提供N个上行扩展接口和M/K个下行扩展接口；
存储器，具有两个端口，所述两个端口分别连接所述两个交换扩展板。
结合第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述K个交换扩展模块中的每个交换扩展板提供N/2个上行扩展接口和M/K个下行扩展接口，且与所述交换扩展模块连接的存储装置互联。
本发明实施例第二方面提供了一种交换扩展装置，所述交换扩展装置包括：
两个交换扩展板，所述交换扩展板提供用于连接控制装置的N个上行扩展 接口和用于连接存储装置的M个下行扩展接口，M和N均为大于等于1的整数；
存储器，具有两个端口，所述两个端口分别连接所述两个交换扩展板。
本发明实施例第三方面提供了一种交换扩展装置，所述交换扩展装置包括：
K个交换扩展模块，K为大于等于2的整数，所述交换扩展模块包括：
两个交换扩展板，所述两个交换扩展板中每个交换扩展板提供用于连接控制装置的N个上行扩展接口和用于连接存储装置的M/K个下行扩展接口；
存储器，具有两个端口，所述两个端口分别连接所述两个交换扩展板。
本发明实施例中提供的一个或多个技术方案，至少具有如下技术效果或优点：
本发明实施例中，提供了一种存储系统，包括：交换扩展装置，具有2N个上行扩展接口和至少2M个下行扩展接口，M和N均为大于等于1的整数；2N个控制装置，通过所述2N个上行扩展接口与所述交换扩展装置连接；存储装置，通过所述至少2M个下行扩展接口与所述交换扩展装置连接。
由于交换扩展装置具有SAS交换机的交换功能，所以本发明实施例提供的存储系统中即使不外置SAS交换机，也能够实现服务器对存储装置的访问，提高了存储系统的可靠性。相比于外置SAS交换机的存储系统，简化了存储系统组网、不用对SAS交换机进行管理，降低了存储系统的管理复杂度。用交换扩展装置代替SAS交换机，不占用机柜空间。交换扩展装置中还有存储器，服务器可以直接访问交换扩展装置中的存储器，减少了存储系统的功耗。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对本发明或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为现有技术中SAN存储系统的结构示意图；
图2为现有技术中SAN存储系统的另一种结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的存储系统的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例中存储系统中N＝4且M＝4时的第一种结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例中存储系统中N＝4、M＝4且K＝2时，存储系统的第二种结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例中存储系统中N＝4，M＝4且K＝2时，存储系统的第二种结构的另一示意图；
图7为本发明实施例中存储系统中N＝4，M＝4且K＝2时，存储系统的第三种结构的示意图；
图8为本发明实施例中存储系统的第三种结构的另一示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例提供一种存储系统及交换扩展装置，提供了一种既能够提高存储系统的可靠性，又能够简化存储系统组网的存储系统，实现了降低存储系统的管理复杂度、不占用机柜空间和减小功耗的技术效果。
本发明实施例中，提供了一种存储系统，包括：交换扩展装置，具有2N个上行扩展接口和至少2M个下行扩展接口，M和N均为大于等于1的整数；2N个控制装置，通过所述2N个上行扩展接口与所述交换扩展装置连接；存储装置，通过所述至少2M个下行扩展接口与所述交换扩展装置连接。
由于交换扩展装置具有SAS交换机的交换功能，所以本发明实施例提供的存储系统中即使不外置SAS交换机，也能够实现服务器对存储装置的访问，提高了存储系统的可靠性。相比于外置SAS交换机的存储系统，简化了存储系统组网、不用对SAS交换机进行管理，降低了存储系统的管理复杂度。用交换扩展装置代替SAS交换机，不占用机柜空间。交换扩展装置中还有存储器，服务器可以直接访问交换扩展装置中的存储器，减少了存储系统的功耗。
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明 实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
下面结合附图对本发明的实施方式进行详细说明。
本发明实施例提供一种存储系统，请参考图3，图3为本发明实施例提供的存储系统的结构示意图。存储系统包括：
交换扩展装置31，具有至少2N个上行扩展接口和2M个下行扩展接口，M和N均为大于等于1的整数；
2N个控制装置32，包括控制装置1至控制装置2n，通过所述至少2N个上行扩展接口与所述交换扩展装置连接；
存储装置33，通过所述2M个下行扩展接口与所述交换扩展装置连接。
其中，2N个控制装置32可以与服务器连接，接收服务器发送的访问请求，并将访问请求通过交换扩展装置传输到存储装置，实现服务器对存储装置的访问。
本发明实施例中，2N个控制装置中的N为大于等于1的整数，所以控制装置至少为2个，相应的存储系统可以为双控存储系统，例如：SAN(英文：Storage Area Network；中文：存储区域网络)存储系统。
仍请参考图3，存储装置33包括：
两个扩展板，包括扩展板A和扩展板B；
存储器，具有两个端口，所述两个端口分别连接所述两个扩展板。
本发明实施例中，存储器可以为双端口硬盘，例如：SAS(英文：Serial  Attached Small Computer System Interface；中文：串行连接方式的小型计算机系统接口)盘、NL-SAS(英文：Near Line-Serial Attached Small Computer System Interface；中文：近端串行连接方式的小型计算机系统接口)盘、FC(英文：Fibre Channel；中文：光纤信道)盘、通过端口选择器扩展为两个端口的SATA(英文：Serial Advanced Technology Attachment)盘等。双端口硬盘通过两个端口分别与两个扩展板连接，进而与控制装置连接。
仍请参考图3，交换扩展装置31包括：
两个交换扩展板，包括交换扩展板A和交换扩展板B，所述两个交换扩展板中每个交换扩展板提供所述2N个上行扩展接口中的N个上行扩展接口和所述至少2M个下行扩展接口中的M个下行扩展接口；
存储器，具有两个端口，所述两个端口分别连接所述两个交换扩展板。
本发明实施例中，交换扩展板是具有交换功能的扩展板。具体的，交换扩展板提供多个上行扩展接口和多个下行扩展接口，其中，多个上行扩展接口用于连接多个控制装置，多个下行扩展接口用于连接多个存储装置。
此外，本发明实施例中，由于交换扩展装置还包括存储器，所以交换扩展装置不仅具有交换功能，还具有存储功能，服务器可以直接访问交换扩展装置中的存储器。也就是说，交换扩展装置是具有交换功能的存储装置，相比于现有技术中的外置SAS交换机仅具有交换功能，本发明实施例中的交换扩展装置同时具有交换功能和存储功能，提供更大的存储容量。并且现有技术中针对外置SAS交换机，需要专门进行管理控制，而本发明实施例中，交换扩展装置作为一个具有交换功能的存储装置，简化了存储系统的管理控制，降低了存储系统的管理复杂度。并且交换扩展装置相比于SAS交换机，不占用机柜空间，功耗较小。
本发明实施例提供的存储系统有且不限于三种结构。在存储系统的第一种结构中，通过一个交换扩展装置将2N个控制装置和多个存储装置连接起来。
其中，2N个控制装置32可以是由N组控制装置组构成的，N组控制装置 组相连，每组控制装置组由控制装置A和控制装置B组成。2N个控制装置还可以是由2N个相同或者不同的控制装置构成的。
当2N个控制装置32由N组控制装置组：控制装置组1、控制装置组2至控制装置组n构成，且每个控制装置组由控制装置A和控制装置B组成时，交换扩展装置31包括的两个交换扩展板可以为交换扩展板A和交换扩展板B，交换扩展板A提供N个上行扩展接口，通过N个上行扩展接口分别连接N个控制装置A，交换扩展板A还提供M个下行扩展接口，通过M个下行扩展接口分别连接M个存储装置的扩展板A，同样的，扩展板B提供N个上行扩展接口，通过N个上行扩展接口分别连接N个控制装置B，扩展板B还提供M个下行扩展接口，通过M个下行扩展接口分别连接M个存储装置的扩展板B。
需要说明的是，上述连接方式仅是举例，在实际应用过程中，不限于上述连接方式，也可以交换扩展板A连接控制装置B和存储装置的扩展板A，交换扩展板B连接控制装置A和存储装置的扩展板B，或者交换扩展板A连接控制装置A和存储装置的扩展板B，交换扩展板B连接控制装置B和存储装置的扩展板A。
当2N个控制装置由2N个相同或者不同的控制装置构成时，交换扩展装置包括的两个交换扩展板中的一个交换扩展板连接2N个控制装置中的N个控制装置，另一个交换扩展板连接2N个控制装置中剩余的N个控制装置。
当N＝4，M＝4时，存储系统的第一种结构如图4所示。从图4可以看出，交换扩展装置31的交换扩展板A提供4个上行扩展接口和4个下行扩展接口，需要使用4根组网线缆连接4组控制装置组中的控制装置A，同时需要使用4根组网线缆连接4个存储装置的扩展板A，同样的，交换扩展板B提供4个上行扩展接口和4个下行扩展接口，需要使用4根组网线缆连接4组控制装置组中的控制装置B，同时需要使用4根组网线缆连接4个存储装置的扩展板B。
由于存储系统的第一种结构中，仅有一个交换装置，交换装置与所有的存储装置连接，所以如果交换装置发生故障，则控制装置无法访问所有的存储装 置，存储系统的可靠性较低。为了提高存储系统的可靠性，本发明实施例提供了存储系统的第二种结构。
在存储系统的第二种结构中，一个交换扩展装置包括K个交换扩展模块，通过K个子交换扩展装置将2N个控制装置和多个存储装置连接起来。
其中，交换扩展装置31包括：K个交换扩展模块，交换扩展模块1至交换扩展模块k，K为大于等于2的整数。交换扩展模块包括：
两个交换扩展板，所述两个交换扩展板中每个扩展板提供N个上行扩展接口和M/K个下行扩展接口；
存储器，具有两个端口，所述两个端口分别连接所述两个交换扩展板。
相比于本发明实施例中存储系统的第一种结构，存储系统的第二种结构中包含至少两个交换扩展模块，增加了交换扩展装置的数量，而需要与交换扩展装置连接的存储装置仍为M个，所以每一个交换扩展模块中的每一个交换扩展板可以仅提供M/K个下行扩展接口，而第一种结构中交换扩展装置中的每一个交换扩展板提供M个下行扩展接口，存储系统的第二种结构降低了交换扩展板提供的下行扩展接口的数量，相应地，交换扩展板需要的组网线缆的数量也由M根减少为M/K根。
存储系统的第二种结构中，每一个交换扩展模块中的每一个交换扩展板仍提供N个上行扩展接口，每个交换扩展模块均与2N个控制装置连接，如果K个交换扩展模块中有交换扩展模块发生故障，则控制装置不可以访问与发生故障的交换扩展模块连接的存储装置，但是控制装置仍可以访问与未发生故障的交换模块连接的存储装置，相比于存储系统的第一种结构中交换扩展装置发生故障，则控制装置不能访问所有存储装置的情况，存储系统的第二种结构中控制装置仅不能访问与发生故障的交换模块连接的存储装置，控制装置仍可以访问剩余的存储装置，提高了存储系统的可靠性。
当N＝4，M＝4，K＝2时，存储系统的第二种结构如图5所示。图5中，交换扩展模块与存储装置之间的连接未构成交叉组网。一个交换扩展模块连接2 个存储装置。
从图5可以看出，交换扩展装置31的交换扩展模块1的交换扩展板A提供4个上行扩展接口和2个下行扩展接口，需要使用4根组网线缆连接4组控制装置组中的控制装置A，同时需要使用2根组网线缆连接2个存储装置的扩展板A，同样的，交换扩展模块1的交换扩展板B提供4个上行扩展接口和2个下行扩展接口，需要使用4根组网线缆连接4组控制装置组中的控制装置B，同时需要使用2根组网线缆连接2个存储装置的扩展板B。
相比于图4所示的存储系统的第一种结构，图5所示的存储系统的第二种结构中包含2个交换扩展模块，增加了交换扩展装置的数量，而需要与交换扩展装置连接的存储装置仍为4个，所以每一个交换扩展模块中的每一个交换扩展板可以仅提供2个下行扩展接口，而第一种结构中交换扩展装置中的每一个交换扩展板提供4个下行扩展接口，存储系统的第二种结构降低了交换扩展板提供的下行扩展接口的数量，相应地，交换扩展板需要的组网线缆的数量也由4根减少为2根。
如图5所示，存储系统的第二种结构中，每一个交换扩展模块中的每一个扩展板仍提供4个下行扩展接口，由于有2个交换扩展模块，所以如果交换扩展模块1发生故障，则控制装置不可以访问与交换扩展模块1连接的存储装置，但控制装置仍可以访问与交换扩展模块2连接的存储装置，相比于图4中交换装置发生故障，则控制装置不能访问所有存储装置的情况，图5中交换模块1发生故障，控制装置仍可以访问与未发生故障的交换模块2连接的存储装置，提高了存储系统的可靠性。
当N＝4，M＝4，K＝2时，存储系统的第二种结构还可以如图6所示。图6中，交换扩展模块与存储装置之间的连接构成交叉组网。一个交换扩展模块连接4个存储装置。如果交换扩展模块1发生故障，由于交叉组网，交换扩展模块2与4个存储装置连接，则控制装置仍可以通过交换扩展模块2访问所有的存储装置，相比于图4中交换装置发生故障，则控制装置不能访问所有存储装 置的情况，图5中交换模块1发生故障，控制装置仍可以访问所有的存储装置，提高了存储系统的可靠性。
为了进一步降低交换扩展板提供的上行扩展接口的数量，以及提高存储系统的可靠性，本发明实施例提供了存储系统的第三种结构。
在存储系统的第三种结构中，一个交换扩展装置包括K个交换扩展模块，通过K个子交换扩展装置将2N个控制装置和多个存储装置连接起来，且与交换扩展模块连接的存储装置互联。K个交换扩展模块中的每个交换扩展板提供N/2个上行扩展接口和M/K个下行扩展接口。
相比于本发明实施例中存储系统的第二种结构，存储系统的第三种结构中与交换扩展模块连接的存储装置互联，所以交换扩展模块中的每一个交换扩展板可以仅提供N/2个上行扩展接口，而第二种结构中交换扩展模块中的每一个交换扩展板提供N个上行扩展接口，存储系统的第三种结构降低了交换扩展板提供的上行扩展接口的数量，相应地，交换扩展板需要的组网线缆的数量也由N根减少为N/2根。由于与交换扩展模块连接的存储装置互联，所以K个交换扩展模块中即使有K-1个交换扩展模块发生故障或者与交换模块连接的存储装置发生故障，仍可以通过其他路径访问剩余的存储装置。
与存储系统的第二种结构相同，存储系统的第三种结构中，每一个交换扩展模块中的每一个交换扩展板仍提供M/K个下行扩展接口，而第一种结构中交换扩展装置中的每一个交换扩展板提供M个下行扩展接口，存储系统的第三种结构降低了交换扩展板提供的下行扩展接口的数量，相应地，交换扩展板需要的组网线缆的数量也由M根减少为M/K根。
当N＝4，M＝4，K＝2时，存储系统的第三种结构如图7所示。从图7可以看出，交换扩展装置31的交换扩展模块1的交换扩展板A提供2个上行扩展接口和2个下行扩展接口，需要使用2根组网线缆连接2组控制装置组中的控制装置A，同时需要使用2根组网线缆连接2个存储装置的扩展板A，同样的，交换扩展模块1的交换扩展板B提供2个上行扩展接口和2个下行扩展接口， 需要使用2根组网线缆连接2组控制装置组中的控制装置A，同时需要使用2根组网线缆连接2个存储装置的扩展板B。
相比于图5所示的存储系统的第二种结构，图7所示的存储系统的第三种结构中与2个交换扩展模块连接的存储装置互联，所以每一个交换扩展模块中的每一个交换扩展板可以仅提供2个上行扩展接口，而第二种结构中交换扩展模块中的每个交换扩展板提供4个上行扩展接口，存储系统的第三种结构降低了交换扩展板提供的上行扩展接口的数量，相应地，交换扩展板需要的组网线缆的数量也由4根减少为2根。
从图7还可以看出扩展域1、扩展域2、扩展域3及扩展域4这4个扩展域互联：扩展域1中的扩展板A与扩展域3中的扩展板A连接，且扩展域1中的扩展板B与扩展域3中的扩展板B连接；扩展域2中的扩展板A与扩展域4中的扩展板A连接，且扩展域2中的扩展板B与扩展域4中的扩展板B连接。
如图8所示，假设一个存储装置发生故障，为方便描述，发生故障的存储装置用阴影覆盖，控制装置可以通过图中虚线箭头所示的路径访问其他未发生故障的存储装置。
基于同一发明构思，本发明实施例还提供了一种交换扩展装置。请参考图3，交换扩展装置31包括：
两个交换扩展板，所述两个交换扩展板中每个交换扩展板提供用于连接控制装置的N个上行扩展接口和用于连接存储装置的M个下行扩展接口，M和N均为大于等于1的整数；
存储器，具有两个端口，所述两个端口分别连接所述两个交换扩展板。
基于同一发明构思，本发明实施例还提供了一种交换扩展装置。请参考图3，交换扩展装置31包括：
K个交换扩展模块，K为大于等于2的整数，所述K个交换扩展模块中的每个交换扩展模块包括：
两个交换扩展板，所述两个交换扩展板中每个交换扩展板提供用于连接控 制装置的N个上行扩展接口和用于连接存储装置的M/K个下行扩展接口；
存储器，具有两个端口，所述两个端口分别连接所述两个交换扩展板。
前述图3-图8实施例中的存储系统中的各种变化方式和具体实例同样适用于本实施例的交换扩展装置，通过前述对存储系统的详细描述，本领域技术人员可以清楚的知道本实施例中交换扩展装置的结构和功能，所以为了说明书的简洁，在此不再详述。
本发明实施例中提供的一个或多个技术方案，至少具有如下技术效果或优点：
本发明实施例中，提供了一种存储系统，包括：交换扩展装置，具有2N个上行扩展接口和至少2M个下行扩展接口，M和N均为大于等于1的整数；2N个控制装置，通过所述2N个上行扩展接口与所述交换扩展装置连接；存储装置，通过所述至少2M个下行扩展接口与所述交换扩展装置连接。
由于交换扩展装置具有SAS交换机的交换功能，所以本发明实施例提供的存储系统中即使不外置SAS交换机，也能够实现服务器对存储装置的访问，提高了存储系统的可靠性。相比于外置SAS交换机的存储系统，简化了存储系统组网、不用对SAS交换机进行管理，降低了存储系统的管理复杂度。用交换扩展装置代替SAS交换机，不占用机柜空间。交换扩展装置中还有存储器，服务器可以直接访问交换扩展装置中的存储器，减少了存储系统的功耗。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本发明的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本发明可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本发明可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器和光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或 方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
尽管已描述了本发明的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例做出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本发明范围的所有变更和修改。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种存储系统，其特征在于，包括：
    交换扩展装置，具有至少2N个上行扩展接口和2M个下行扩展接口，M和N均为大于等于1的整数；
    2N个控制装置，通过所述至少2N个上行扩展接口与所述交换扩展装置连接；
    存储装置，通过所述2M个下行扩展接口与所述交换扩展装置连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的存储系统，其特征在于，所述交换扩展装置包括：
    两个交换扩展板，所述两个交换扩展板中每个交换扩展板提供所述至少2N个上行扩展接口中的N个上行扩展接口和所述2M个下行扩展接口中的M个下行扩展接口；
    存储器，具有两个端口，所述两个端口分别连接所述两个交换扩展板。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的存储系统，其特征在于，所述交换扩展装置包括：
    K个交换扩展模块，K为大于等于2的整数，所述交换扩展模块包括：
    两个交换扩展板，所述两个交换扩展板中每个交换扩展板提供N个上行扩展接口和M/K个下行扩展接口；
    存储器，具有两个端口，所述两个端口分别连接所述两个交换扩展板。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的存储系统，其特征在于，所述K个交换扩展模块中的每个交换扩展板提供N/2个上行扩展接口和M/K个下行扩展接口，且与所述交换扩展模块连接的存储装置互联。
  5. 一种交换扩展装置，其特征在于，包括：
    两个交换扩展板，所述交换扩展板提供用于连接控制装置的N个上行扩展接口和用于连接存储装置的M个下行扩展接口，M和N均为大于等于1的整数；
    存储器，具有两个端口，所述两个端口分别连接所述两个交换扩展板。
  6. 一种交换扩展装置，其特征在于，所述交换扩展装置包括：
    K个交换扩展模块，K为大于等于2的整数，所述交换扩展模块包括：
    两个交换扩展板，所述两个交换扩展板中每个交换扩展板提供用于连接控制装置的N个上行扩展接口和用于连接存储装置的M/K个下行扩展接口；
    存储器，具有两个端口，所述两个端口分别连接所述两个交换扩展板。
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