WO2016078482A1 - 多极双断点塑壳断路器 - Google Patents

多极双断点塑壳断路器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016078482A1
WO2016078482A1 PCT/CN2015/091532 CN2015091532W WO2016078482A1 WO 2016078482 A1 WO2016078482 A1 WO 2016078482A1 CN 2015091532 W CN2015091532 W CN 2015091532W WO 2016078482 A1 WO2016078482 A1 WO 2016078482A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
contact
pole
circuit breaker
molded case
arc extinguishing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/091532
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
冯伟通
李孔伏
顾翔
Original Assignee
浙江正泰电器股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 filed Critical 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司
Priority to EP15862046.8A priority Critical patent/EP3223296A4/en
Publication of WO2016078482A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016078482A1/zh
Priority to IL252420A priority patent/IL252420B/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H01H1/2041—Rotating bridge
    • H01H1/2058—Rotating bridge being assembled in a cassette, which can be placed as a complete unit into a circuit breaker
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/04—Contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/04—Contacts
    • H01H73/045—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/18—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H2003/326—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using bearings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H2009/0094—Details of rotatable shafts which are subdivided; details of the coupling means thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of low-voltage electrical appliances, in particular to a multi-pole double-breakpoint molded case circuit breaker.
  • Multi-pole double breakpoint molded case circuit breaker is a widely used device type circuit breaker in low voltage circuit breaker. All its components are installed in a box type plastic case, and its molded insulated plastic case is generally
  • the utility model comprises a molded case base as a shell seat and a molded case cover plate matched with the molded case base, and the cavity is formed by the molded case base and the molded case cover.
  • a plurality of poles are provided with a contact system for performing a circuit closing and opening operation and a circuit breaking unit for the arc extinguishing system.
  • a typical configuration is that each of the breaking units has a box of molded plastic of the same size, and the contacts of the same pole, the arc extinguishing chamber and its associated components are mounted in the box.
  • a plurality of breaking units having the same configuration are placed side by side in the molded case base, a common operating mechanism is disposed on each of the breaking units, and the molded case cover encloses each of the breaking units and the operating mechanism in the chamber
  • Each pole contact system comprises two static contact parts and a two-contact dynamic contact bridge capable of contacting or separating the static contact parts of the pole under the driving of the operating mechanism, the double-break bridge-shaped moving contact and Two oppositely placed static contacts are mated.
  • the two arc extinguishing chambers of each pole include arc chutes symmetrically installed in the two arc extinguishing chambers. Since the user requires that the circuit breaker be turned on, the breaking capacity and the thermal stability are good, the components that constitute the contact, the arc extinguishing system, the tripping, and the operating mechanism are complicated, and the static and dynamic connections formed by the assembly thereof are assembled. The mating part is complicated and complicated.
  • the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker the synchronism of the action of each pole contact, the contact pressure of the moving contact and the static contact, the breaking and closing speed, the reliability and the reliability of the product, and the structure thereof Whether the design is reasonable or not, the precision of the processing and assembly of the parts is very high, and the processing and assembly precision of the parts is directly related to the production efficiency and manufacturing cost.
  • the processing and assembly precision of components are reduced as much as possible, and the process of assembly and debugging is simplified as much as possible. Design important issues to be addressed.
  • the action of the operating mechanism drives the two links through the rotation of the crank, thereby transmitting the rods to the poles, so that the pole moving contacts are opened or closed.
  • the bridge moving contact is floatingly mounted on the rod-shaped block, the mechanical connection is achieved only by the two connecting rods between the different rod-shaped blocks, thereby causing the following problem: due to the elongated structure of the two connecting rods, The relative deformation between the pole-shaped blocks is large, and the deformation directly affects the synchronization of the moving of the bridge-shaped moving contact; The rotation accuracy of the body is very low and the slender structure does not have the function of providing the rotation precision to each rod block.
  • the rotation precision of each rod block must be ensured by the gap between the rod block and the box, but manufacturing
  • the defect of the error needs to be compensated by means of the gap described, which in turn destroys the rotational accuracy of the rod-shaped block.
  • the rod-shaped block must be mounted in the box with a certain gap, that is to say, the rod-shaped block
  • the gap between the box and the box cannot be made small, but the larger gap cannot achieve high-precision rotation of each rod block; the airflow generated during the disconnection is inevitably discharged from the gap between the rod block and the box.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a novel multi-pole double-breakpoint molded case circuit breaker, which adopts a reliable and relatively simple mechanism, and reduces the inevitable coaxiality due to the connection link.
  • the influence of the stiffness and strength deterioration factors is beneficial to the synchronization between the contacts, achieving reliable mechanical connection and transmission between the different pole breaking units, improving the performance and reliability of the product, and For processing and debugging.
  • the present invention provides the following specific technical solutions.
  • a multi-pole double-breakpoint molded case circuit breaker is provided with a plurality of chambers 22 partitioned by partition walls g for accommodating a plurality of single-pole breaking units 30, each of which has a unit Molded case, each unit molded case is provided with a contact system for performing the closing and breaking of the main circuit of the pole and a matching arc extinguishing system, and the contact system of each pole includes two oppositely disposed static contacts 14, 16 and A bridge movable contact 20 capable of simultaneously closing and breaking with the two stationary contacts 14, 16 respectively, each of the bridge movable contacts 20 being mounted on a contact support in an elastic overtravel manner, the circuit breaker
  • the operating mechanism 4 drives the contacts of the plurality of single-pole breaking units 30 to support synchronous rotation by a driving mechanism, and each arc extinguishing system includes two arc extinguishing chambers 6, 9 symmetrically disposed in the unit molded case, two static The contacts 14, 16 are respectively disposed in the arc extinguishing regions of the two arc
  • the contact support includes an outer cylindrical surface 183 that cooperates with the circular arc surface a and has a matching gap between the outer cylindrical surface 183 and the circular arc surface a.
  • an integrally formed connecting shaft coaxial with the outer cylindrical surface 183 supported by the contact is disposed along the axial direction X thereof;
  • the inner ring of the rolling bearing 19 is fitted on the connecting shaft in a static fit manner, and is connected at the end of the contact support of the other single-pole breaking unit 30 along the axial direction X thereof in a static fit with the connecting shaft.
  • the shaft hole 100 is coupled, and the arrangement and coupling of the connecting shaft and the connecting shaft hole 100 satisfy the condition that the outer cylindrical surface 183 supported by each contact is coaxial.
  • the circuit breaker includes three single-pole breaking units 30 arranged side by side, and the two ends of the three single-pole breaking units in the middle of the contact support of the single-pole breaking unit 30 are disposed along the axial direction X thereof.
  • the outer cylindrical surface 183 of the contact support is coaxially integrated with the connecting shaft, and the inner rings of the two rolling bearings 19 are respectively arranged in a static fit manner on the connecting shafts at both ends of the intermediate contact support; in the other two single-pole breaking units
  • One end of the contact support of 30 is provided along its axial direction X with a connecting shaft hole 100 that is connected in a static fit with the connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft and the connecting shaft hole 100 are arranged and coupled to satisfy the support of each contact.
  • the condition that the cylindrical surface 183 is coaxial.
  • the connecting shaft comprises a rolling bearing connecting section 181 which is connected with the inner ring of the rolling bearing 19 in a static fit manner and a contact supporting connecting section 180 which cooperates with the connecting shaft hole 100.
  • the diameter of the contact supporting connecting section 180 is smaller than that of the rolling bearing
  • the diameter of the connecting section 181; the contact support is integrally formed by using a bulk molding compound or a sheet molding compound.
  • the contact-supported contact support connecting portion 180 has a polygonal cross section
  • the contact-supported connecting shaft hole 100 has a cross-section that is a polygon matching the cross-section of the contact supporting connecting portion 180.
  • the contact support connecting section 180 of the contact support 18 is provided with a rolling bearing 19
  • the inner ring contacts the mating shoulder 184, and the outer end surface of the connecting shaft hole 100 supported by the contact is provided with a mounting surface 185 which is in contact with the inner ring of the rolling bearing 19.
  • the driving mechanism comprises two through shafts 7 arranged in parallel with each other, and two small through holes 18a are respectively arranged along the axial direction X thereof on the respective contact supports, and the two through shafts 7 respectively pass through the respective contact supports.
  • the upper two small through holes 18a are fixedly coupled to the contact coupling members of the operating mechanism 4, and the rotation axes of the contact coupling members are coaxial with the axes of the outer cylindrical surfaces 183 supported by the respective contacts.
  • the driving mechanism includes two protruding shafts disposed on the contact coupling members of the operating mechanism 4, and two small through holes 18a disposed on the contact supports of the contact coupling members of the operating mechanisms 4,
  • the two male shafts are respectively coupled to the two small through holes 18a, and the rotation axis of the contact coupling member is coaxial with the axis of the outer cylindrical surface 183 supported by the contacts.
  • the bearing mechanism comprises a fixing plate 3 having a bearing half hole, a bearing seat f having a bearing half hole disposed on the partition wall g, the fixing plate 3 is fixedly coupled with the bearing seat f and the two bearing half holes are butted
  • the outer ring of the rolling bearing 19 is mounted in a static fit with two butted bearing half holes.
  • each single-pole breaking unit 30 respectively include a first small side shell 10, a second small side shell 11, a third small side shell 12, and a fourth small side shell 13, the first small The side shell plate 10 is assembled with the second small side shell plate 11 to form a first arc extinguishing chamber 6 and a first semi-cylindrical chamber, and the third small side shell plate 12 and the fourth small side shell plate 13 are oppositely assembled to form a second The arc extinguishing chamber 9 and the second semi-cylindrical chamber, the first arcing chamber 6 is provided with a first engaging portion c1 and a second engaging portion c2, and the second arc extinguishing chamber 9 is provided with a third engaging portion The d1 and the fourth latching portion d2, the first latching portion c1 and the third latching portion d1 are snap-fitted to form a fixed coupling, and the second latching portion c2 and the fourth latching portion d2 are snap-fitted to form a
  • each single-pole breaking unit 30 includes a first large side shell 23 and a second large side shell 24, and the first large side shell 23 and the second large side shell 24 are oppositely assembled to form two The arc extinguishing chambers 6, 9 and the cylindrical chamber b.
  • the direct connection between the contact support and the contact support and the rolling bearing reduces the influence of the inconsistent coaxiality, rigidity and strength deterioration factors due to the connection link. At the same time, it facilitates the synchronization between the contacts, achieves reliable mechanical connection and transmission between different pole breaking units, and improves product performance and reliability.
  • the reasonable design of the rolling bearing and the partition wall, the contact support and the cylindrical chamber of the arc extinguishing chamber makes it easier to ensure the accuracy of the slewing bearing and the rigidity of the shaft load, reduce the manufacturing precision and cost of the components of the moving contact bridge assembly, and is easy to process. And debugging, improve the performance and production efficiency of the dynamic contact bridge assembly; solve the defects such as strength requirements, temperature resistance requirements and insulation performance of the dynamic contact bridge assembly in the long-term operation of the circuit breaker.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall exploded view of a multi-pole double-breakpoint molded case circuit breaker of the present invention, showing an overall exploded structure of a three-pole double-breakpoint molded case circuit breaker.
  • FIG. 2 is a molded insulated housing 21 of the multi-pole double-breakpoint molded case circuit breaker of the present invention shown in FIG. Schematic diagram of the structure, the housing 21 shown in the figure supports a three-pole double-breakpoint molded case circuit breaker.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the three-pole breaking unit of the multi-pole double-breakpoint molded case circuit breaker of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, and the single-pole breaking unit 30 shown in the drawing adopts the configuration of the first embodiment.
  • Figure 4 is an assembled, isometric view of the breaking unit of the first embodiment of one of the poles of the multi-pole double-breakpoint molded case circuit breaker of the present invention shown in Figure 3, the single-pole open circuit of the first embodiment shown in the drawing
  • the two arc extinguishing chambers of unit 30 are detachable.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of one of the two detachable arc extinguishing chambers shown in FIG.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the other arc extinguishing chamber 9 of the two detachable arc extinguishing chambers shown in Fig. 4.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic perspective view showing the assembly of the breaking unit of the second embodiment of one of the poles of the multi-pole double-breakpoint molded case circuit breaker of the present invention, and two of the single-pole breaking units 30 of the second embodiment shown in the drawing.
  • the arc chamber is not separable.
  • Fig. 8 is a view showing the internal structure of the single-pole breaking unit 30 of the second embodiment shown in Fig. 7.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view showing the assembly of the pole contacts of the multi-pole double-breakpoint molded case circuit breaker of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 , showing the support by one contact 17 and the support of two contacts 18 .
  • the two rolling bearings 19 are assembled to form a specific structure of the three-pole dynamic contact bridge assembly 8.
  • Figure 10 is an exploded view of the three contact supports and two rolling bearings 19 shown in Figure 9.
  • FIG. 11-13 are structural diagrams of the parts of the contact support 18 of the three contact supports shown in Fig. 9, wherein:
  • Figure 11 is a front view of the contact support 18 plane
  • Figure 12 is a plan right side view of Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is a plan left side view of Figure 11;
  • Figure 14 is a further embodiment of a three-pole dynamic contact bridge assembly 8 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a three-pole double-breakpoint molded case circuit breaker including an upper cover 1, a middle cover 2, an operating mechanism 4, a handle 5, and a housing 21.
  • the housing 21 and the upper cover 2 and the upper cover 1 fitted thereto form an insulating housing of the multi-pole double-break molded case circuit breaker, and the insulating housing is also called a large molded case.
  • the insulative housings are made of PBT or PA66 engineering plastic and have a generally hexahedral shape.
  • the inner member of the multi-pole double-breakpoint molded case circuit breaker is installed in a large plastic case which is composed of the shell seat 21 and the middle cover 2, and the upper part of the middle cover 2 of the large molded case is sealed by the upper cover 1, and the handle 5 is from the middle The hole in the cover 2 is pierced.
  • a plurality of chambers 22 for partitioning a plurality of single-pole breaking units 30 are formed in the insulating casing, that is, a pole is installed in each of the chambers 22 Single pole breaking unit 30.
  • Each of the single-pole breaking units 30 has a unit molded case, the unit molded case has a substantially hexahedral shape, and the unit molded case is also referred to as a small molded case, and each unit molded case is provided with a touch for performing the closing and breaking of the main circuit of the pole.
  • the head system and the associated arc extinguishing system, or the same pole contact system and arc extinguishing system, are enclosed within the small molded casing.
  • the contact system of each pole necessarily includes two oppositely disposed stationary contacts 14, 16, and one that can simultaneously close and break with the two stationary contacts 14, 16 respectively.
  • the bridge moving contact 20, in particular, the bridge moving contact 20 is simultaneously rotated with the two stationary contacts 14, 16 or simultaneously with the two stationary contacts 14, 16 and is blocked by the circuit breaker when closed.
  • the main circuit of the control is turned on, and the main circuit is turned off when the line is disconnected.
  • the arc extinguishing system of each pole needs to include two arc extinguishing chambers 6, 9 symmetrically disposed in the small molded case, and the two arc chutes 15a, 15b are respectively disposed at In the two arc extinguishing chambers 6, 9, two static contacts 14, 16 are respectively arranged in the arc extinguishing regions of the two arc extinguishing chambers 6, 9 in the arc extinguishing region where the two stationary contacts 14, 16 are located.
  • the bridge moving contacts 20 are respectively closed and divided regions of the two stationary contacts 14, 16.
  • Each of the bridge movable contacts 20 is mounted on a contact support 17 or 18 in an elastic overtravel manner to form the movable contact bridge assembly 40.
  • the structure of the elastic overtravel is realized as shown in FIG.
  • the elastic overtravel assembly 20a includes an overtravel spring through which the bridge moving contact 20 is mounted within the large through hole 182 of the contact support 17 or 18.
  • An operating mechanism 4 shared by a plurality of poles is disposed above the intermediate one-pole breaking unit, and the operating mechanism 4 drives the respective contact supports 17, 18 to rotate synchronously by the driving mechanism.
  • the mounting structure of the operating mechanism 4 can be in various ways, usually a structure in which a frame (not shown) of the operating mechanism is fixedly coupled to the housing 21 to facilitate assembly and debugging.
  • the operating mechanism of such a circuit breaker has a driving mechanism for driving the rotation of the contact.
  • the driving mechanism necessarily includes a contact coupling member (not shown), and the operating mechanism passes through the contact coupling member and the bridge shape.
  • the movable contact coupling (including direct coupling and indirect coupling) realizes linkage between the contact coupling member and its bridge movable contact, that is, the closing and breaking action of the contact system is driven by the contact coupling member.
  • the core of the present invention is to solve the problem of how the operating mechanism 4 simultaneously drives the rotation of the contact supports 17, 18 of the poles, and how to ensure that the contacts of the poles support the rotation of 17,18. Synchronization and flexibility, and how to get an optimized structure that is easy to scale, efficient, and cost-effective. Reduce the manufacturing precision and cost of the components of the dynamic contact bridge assembly, improve the full performance of the dynamic contact bridge assembly and improve the production efficiency; solve the strength requirements, temperature resistance requirements, insulation of the dynamic contact bridge assembly in the long-term operation of the circuit breaker Defects such as performance.
  • the multi-pole double-breakpoint molded case circuit breaker of the present invention further includes a plurality of rolling bearings 19, and an outer ring of the rolling bearing 19 is fixedly mounted on the partition wall g by a bearing mechanism, and an inner ring of the rolling bearing 19 Directly coupled with the contact support 17 or 18 in a static fit, the adjacent two contact supports 17 and/or 18 are directly plugged in a static fit.
  • the plurality of rolling bearings 19 and the contact holders 17 or 18 are formed into the movable contact bridge assembly 8 as shown in FIG.
  • the manner of static fit means that two mutually mating parts are combined to form a non-relatively movable joint, including an interference fit or a transition fit.
  • a cylindrical chamber b for accommodating the contact support 17 or 18 is provided, and the cylindrical chamber b includes a circle.
  • the arc surface a is provided with two arc-shaped walls 6a, 9a between the cylindrical chamber b and the two arc-extinguishing chambers 6, 9 respectively, and two through-holes are respectively provided on the two arc-shaped walls 6a, 9a.
  • the contact supports 17, 18 include an outer cylindrical surface 183, the outer cylindrical surface 183 The arcuate surface a is fitted, and a matching gap is provided between the outer cylindrical surface 183 and the circular arc surface a.
  • the so-called mating gap means that the gap between the outer cylindrical surface 183 of the contact support 17, 18 and the arc surface a on the small molded shell of the single-pole breaking unit 30 has a matching function, and the contact is ensured.
  • the supports 17 and 18 are flexibly rotatable therein, and the gap is small enough to prevent high pressure gas from leaking into the circular chamber b in the two arc extinguishing chambers.
  • the matching gap of the present invention not only prevents the high-pressure gas in the arc extinguishing chamber from leaking into the cylindrical chamber, but also has the function of improving the rotation precision and rigidity supported by the contact, and the prior art "small gap” or "certain”
  • the function of the gap is mainly to prevent the high-pressure gas in the arc extinguishing chamber from leaking into the circular chamber, or to compensate for irregularities in manufacturing and installation, so that the rod-shaped block can be slightly moved in other directions.
  • a preferred embodiment is that the axes of the outer cylindrical faces 183 of the respective contact supports 17, 18, the axes of the respective contact support connecting segments 180, and the axes of the respective connecting shaft holes 100 are mutually Coaxial.
  • the movable bridge assembly 8 is composed of a plurality of contact-supporting direct-plug connections on one end of the contact-supported end of one of the two single-pole breaking units 30, along the axis supported by the contacts
  • An integrally formed connecting shaft is provided to the X, and at one end of the contact support of the other single-pole breaking unit 30, a connecting shaft hole 100 corresponding to the connecting shaft is provided along the contact supporting axial direction X, and the shaft hole 100 is connected to the static
  • the manner of mating with the connecting shaft; the connecting shaft supported by the adjacent two contacts is provided with a rolling bearing 19, and the inner ring of the rolling bearing 19 is directly coupled with the connecting shaft in a static fit manner.
  • the specific structure supported by the contacts can be various. A preferred structure is shown in FIGS.
  • a rolling bearing connecting section 181 coaxial with the outer cylindrical surface 183 is provided along its axial direction X, and an end of the rolling bearing connecting section 181 is provided with an extension along the axial direction X.
  • the contact supports the connecting section 180.
  • the connecting shaft includes a rolling bearing connecting section 181 and a contact supporting connecting section 180.
  • the rolling bearing connecting section 181 and the contact supporting connecting section 180 are integrally formed with the contact support 18, and the contact supports the diameter of the connecting section 180. Less than the diameter of the rolling bearing connecting section 181, the inner ring of the rolling bearing 19 is fitted over the rolling bearing connecting section 181 in a form-fitting manner.
  • the contact support 17 differs from the contact support 18 in that the contact support 17 does not have the above-described structure of the rolling bearing connection section 181 and the contact support connection section 180.
  • the contact support 17 and the contact support 18 have the same structure: at the other end of the contact support 17, 18, along its axial direction X is provided with contact support for accommodating adjacent contact supports 17 or 18
  • the connecting shaft hole 100 of the connecting portion 180 is connected to the contact supporting connecting portion 180 in an interference fit manner, and the setting and coupling of the contact supporting connecting portion 180 and the connecting shaft hole 100 are satisfied to support each contact
  • the outer cylindrical surface 183 of 17, 18 is coaxial; a large through hole 182 for accommodating the radial movement of the bridge movable contact 20 is provided on the outer cylindrical surface 183 of the contact support 17,18.
  • the circuit breaker includes three single-pole breaking units 30 arranged side by side, each single-pole breaking unit 30 includes one contact support, and three contacts support direct insertion.
  • the connecting shaft of the present embodiment may also include a rolling bearing connecting section 181 and a contact supporting connecting section 180. Since there is a force transmission of the coupling between the contact supporting connecting section 180 and the connecting shaft hole 100, in order to make the static fit between them more stable and reliable and have stronger rigidity, a preferred structural solution is:
  • the contact support connecting section 180 of the contact support 18 has a polygonal or elliptical or other non-circular shaped structure.
  • the cross-section of the connecting shaft hole 100 of the contact support 17, 18 is a contact with the contact.
  • a polygonal or elliptical or other non-circular shaped structure that matches the cross-section of the connecting section 180 is supported.
  • a preferred solution is that the contact
  • the contact support connecting section 180 of the support 18 is provided with a shoulder 184 which is in contact with the inner ring of the rolling bearing 19, and the outer end surface of the connecting shaft hole 100 of the contact support 17, 18 is provided with the rolling bearing 19.
  • the inner ring is in contact with the mating mounting surface 185.
  • Each contact support 17, 18 is made of DMC (bump molding compound) or SMC (sheet molding compound) engineering molded plastic to improve the overall heat resistance of the circuit breaker.
  • DMC bump molding compound
  • SMC sheet molding compound
  • the driving mechanism connected to the operating mechanism 4 comprises two through shafts 7 arranged in parallel with each other, and two small through holes 18a are respectively arranged along the axial direction X of the respective contact supports 17, 18, respectively. After passing through the two small through holes 18a of the respective contact supports 17, 18, they are fixedly coupled with the contact couplings of the operating mechanism 4, and satisfy the rotation axis of the contact coupling members and the respective contact supports 17, 18
  • the axis of the outer cylindrical surface 183 is coaxial, that is, coaxial with the axis of rotation of the respective contact supports 17, 18.
  • the dynamic contact bridge assembly 8 of the present invention has the above special structure, it has high rotation precision and rotational rigidity, or the mutual precision and rigidity of the mutual contact between the respective contact supports 17, 18 are high, and thus It is difficult to imagine that as long as the operating mechanism 4 drives one of the contacts to support 17 or 18 rotation, the other contact supports 17, 18 will also rotate at the same time, so the following structure (not shown) can be substituted for the above-mentioned figures.
  • the driving mechanism comprises two protruding shafts disposed on the contact couplings of the operating mechanism 4, and two of the contact supports 17 or 18 disposed adjacent to the contact couplings of the operating mechanisms 4. a small through hole 18a, the two protruding shafts are respectively plugged and coupled with the two small through holes 18a, and satisfy the axis of rotation of the contact coupling member and the axis of the outer cylindrical surface 183 of the contact support 17 or 18 Coaxial.
  • this alternative cannot be adapted in the prior art described above because of the lack of coaxiality and rotational accuracy described in the prior art. It is not possible to adopt this alternative, or if this alternative is adopted, the synchronization of the motions supported by the contacts will be significantly reduced.
  • the above alternatives that simplify the structure can be employed, and are themselves one of the beneficial technical effects of the present invention.
  • the bearing mechanism comprises a fixing plate 3 having a bearing half hole, and a bearing seat f having a bearing half hole provided on the partition wall g, and the fixing plate 3 is fixedly coupled with the bearing housing f and The two bearing half holes are butted, and the outer ring of the rolling bearing 19 is mounted in a static fit manner with the two butted bearing half holes.
  • the rolling bearing 19 due to the use of the rolling bearing 19, the "manufacturing and installation irregularities" can be compensated by the fixed coupling of the fixing plate 3 to the bearing housing f, but unlike the prior art, the compensation of the present invention, The principle of achieving the coaxiality and the rotation accuracy is not caused, and the principle of achieving the effect is that the radial and axial positions of the rolling bearing 19 can be finely adjusted when the fixing plate 3 is fixedly coupled with the bearing housing f. By this fine adjustment structure, it is possible to establish a stable and reliable fixed connection between the outer ring of the rolling bearing 19 and the partition wall g, and to ensure high-precision and flexible rotation of the inner ring of the rolling bearing 19.
  • the small molded case of the single-pole breaking unit 30 adopts a split structure, that is, the small molded shells of the single-pole breaking units 30 respectively include a first small side shell 10 and a first Two small side shell plates 11, a third small side shell plate 12, and a fourth small side shell plate 13, the first small side shell plate 10 and the second small side shell plate 11 are oppositely assembled to form an arc extinguishing chamber 6 and a half cylinder
  • the shape chamber, the third small side shell 12 and the fourth small side shell 13 are oppositely assembled to form another arc extinguishing chamber 9 and a half cylindrical chamber
  • the first arcing chamber 6 is provided with a first engaging portion c1
  • the second engaging portion c1 is provided with a third engaging portion d1 and a fourth engaging portion d2.
  • the first engaging portion c1 and the third engaging portion d1 are snap-fitted to form a fixed joint.
  • the second engaging portion c2 is engaged with the fourth engaging portion d2 to form a fixed coupling, and the two half cylindrical chambers are assembled into the entire cylindrical chamber b through the two fixed couplings, and the two arc extinguishing chambers 6 And 9 are independently separable.
  • a further advantageous effect of the present invention is that the small molded case of the single-pole breaking unit 30 of the present invention can also adopt a unitary structure with respect to the integral rotating shaft, which can be replaced with the separated structure, but it has a split structure.
  • the small molded shells of the single-pole breaking units 30 respectively include a first large side shell 23 and a second large side shell 24, and the first large side shell.
  • the plate 23 is assembled with the second large side shell plate 24 to form two arc extinguishing chambers 6, 9 and a cylindrical chamber b, which are integrally assembled.
  • the housing 21 of the large molded case is provided with a pole partition wall g, and the partition wall g is provided with a fixing plate 3 required for fixing the rolling bearing 19, and the fixing plate 3 can be fastened by screws.
  • the detachable connection with the bearing housing f is convenient for installation and replacement, and the fixing plate 3 can adopt any suitable system of such a structure.
  • the structure of the fixed rolling bearing 19 is constituted by upper and lower semi-circular bearing half holes respectively provided in the fixed plate 3 and the partition wall g; the lower semicircle is a semicircular groove formed by the partition g body As the bearing block f, the diameter thereof matches the outer diameter of the rolling bearing 19; the upper semicircle is composed of a fixing plate 3 having a bearing half hole as shown in FIG. 1 as a bearing cover plate, the diameter of which matches the outer diameter of the rolling bearing 19, The fixing plate 3 is fixed to the large molded case by screws.
  • the outer ring of the rolling bearing 19 is fixed in the housing 21 by the mating connection of the bearing housing f to the fixing plate 3. With this mounting structure, the rolling bearing 19 shown in FIG.
  • the existing circuit breaker design has a rotatable rod-shaped block or rotating shaft that fixedly connects the moving contact parts of the adjacent poles, and relies on it to support the opening and breaking of the moving contact bridge, to achieve different
  • the consistency of the configuration of the breaking unit must ensure the precise cooperation between the rotating shaft and the large molded case of the circuit breaker.
  • the key depends on the accuracy of the rod-shaped block or the rotating shaft and the metal shaped shaft acting in series with it, and the shaped metal shaft is difficult to process, and the dimensional accuracy is difficult.
  • the invention improves the core component of the circuit breaker - contact support and synchronism and its arc extinguishing system, by cleverly connecting the direct plug connection between the plurality of contact supports, and skillfully in the directly coupled structure
  • a rolling bearing is added, which is supported by two parallel-connected through-shafts 7 in series, so that the contact support with the bridge-shaped moving contact 20 of each pole is realized.
  • the rotation axis of the 18 has an ideal coaxiality.
  • the invention does not need to provide a rotating shaft between the contact support of the adjacent poles, or it is not necessary to provide a connecting rod between the contact supports of the respective poles, but the double-contact bridge moving contact of each pole is supported by one contact 17 Or 18 supports, each contact supports a direct connection with the adjacent 18 contact support, reducing the connection point to improve the coaxiality, and a rolling bearing 19 is provided between two adjacent contact supports, the rolling bearing 19 is fixedly mounted on the partition g of the large molded case of the circuit breaker, and the center of rotation supported by each contact is defined by the center of rotation of the rolling bearing 19, so that the contacts support the axis of rotation of 17,18 and The axis of rotation of the rolling bearing 19 is coaxial.
  • the rolling bearing 19 Since the rolling bearing 19 has extremely high rotation precision and sensitivity, the high sensitivity and high precision of the rotation of each contact support 18 are ensured, and the rolling bearing 19 only needs to be connected to the bearing connection end of the contact support 18, and since each pole One shaft is missing, so it is easier to ensure the accuracy of the slewing bearing and the stiffness against load deformation, which is beneficial to the synchronization between the contacts.
  • the invention can ensure the accuracy requirement only by the precision of the mold itself, and reduces the influence of the unavoidable rigidity and strength deterioration factors due to the connection link, and is easy to debug.

Landscapes

  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Abstract

多极双断点塑壳断路器，在绝缘外壳内设有多个单极断路单元（30），每个单极断路单元（30）的单元塑壳内设有触头系统和配套的灭弧系统，每极的触头系统包括两个相对配置的静触头（14，16）和一个桥形动触头（20），每一个桥形动触头（20）安装在一个触头支持（17，18）上，每个灭弧系统包括两个对称设置的灭弧室（6，9），多个滚动轴承（19）的外环通过轴承机构固定安装在隔墙（g）上，滚动轴承（19）的内环与触头支持（17，18）以静配合的方式直接联接，相邻两个触头支持（17，18）之间以静配合的方式直接插接联接；所述的每个单极断路单元（30）的单元塑壳的两个灭弧室（6，9）之间设有一个容装触头支持（17，18）的圆柱形腔室（b）。上述多极双断点塑壳断路器不仅保证了每个触头支持的回转的高灵敏度和高精度，而且仅靠模具本身的精度通过加工即可保证精度和同步性要求。

Description

多极双断点塑壳断路器 技术领域
本发明涉及低压电器领域，具体涉及一种多极双断点塑壳断路器。
背景技术
多极双断点塑壳断路器是低压断路器中的一种用途广泛的装置类断路器，其所有零部件都安装在一个箱体式的塑料外壳中，其模制的绝缘的塑料外壳一般包括作为壳座的塑壳底座和与塑壳底座相配的塑壳盖板，并由塑壳底座和塑壳盖板构成腔室。在所述的模制的绝缘外壳内，设有多个极的包括执行电路闭合和断开操作的触头系统及其灭弧系统的断路单元。一种典型的构造是，每个断路单元具有一个同样规格的模压塑料制成的盒子，同一个极的触头、灭弧室及其配套的构件安装在所述的盒子内。若干个具有相同构造的断路单元并排放置在所述的塑壳底座内，一个共用的操作机构设置在各断路单元的上面，塑壳盖板将各断路单元和操作机构封装在所述的腔室内，以形成多极断路器。每一极触头系统包括两个静触头部件和在操作机构驱动下可实现与该极的静触头部件接触或分离的双触点动触桥，其双断点桥形动触头与两个相对放置的静触头配合。每一极的两个灭弧室包括对称安装在两个灭弧室内的灭弧栅。由于用户要求这种断路器的接通、分断能力和热稳定性都要好，而构成触头、灭弧系统及脱扣、操作机构的零部件繁杂，并且由它们组装后构成的静、动连接配合环节多而复杂，因此，这种断路器的分断能力、各极触头的动作同步性、动触头与静触头的接触压力、分断和闭合速度等性能和产品的可靠性，与其结构设计的合理与否、零部件的加工装配精度高低关系很大，而零部件的加工装配精度又直接关系到生产效率和制造成本。从提高生产效率、降低制造成本和易于大规模自动化生产要求出发，在确保产品质量和性能要求的前提下，尽可能降低零部件的加工和装配精度、尽可能简化装配调试的工艺，始终是结构设计要解决的重要问题。
现有技术还存在一种多极断路器，只具有单极的断路单元，断路器的桥形触头由一个可回转的杆形块支承，该杆形块从断路单元的盒子的中心横向伸出，并插入到盒子的两个大侧表面之间，可作平行与两个大表面的中心横向的移动，不同的并列单元的这些杆形块用两个平行的连杆与操作机构曲柄耦联，公用的操作机构固定在断路器中间的断路单元的上部，它有两个支承所述曲柄轴承的金属凸缘和一个驱动所述曲柄底部的连杆。操作机构的动作通过曲柄的回转带动两个连杆，从而传递给各极的杆状块，使各极动静触头断开或接通。由于其桥形动触头浮动地安装在杆形块上，不同杆形块之间仅通过两个连杆来达到机械连接，由此造成以下问题：由于两个连杆细长的结构，所以各极杆状块之间的相对变形很大，该变形直接影响桥形动触头动的作同步性；由于两个连杆自 身的回转精度很低且细长的结构，它们不具有向各杆形块提供回转精度的功能，因此各杆形块的回转精度必须靠杆状块与盒子之间的间隙保证，但是，制造误差的缺陷又需要借助于所述的间隙进行补偿，而该补偿又会破坏杆形块的回转精度，为此，杆形块必须以一定的间隙安装在盒子内，也就是说，杆形块与盒子之间的间隙无法做得很小，但较大的间隙不能实现各杆形块的高精度回转；由于断路时产生的气流不可避免地要从杆形块与盒子之间的间隙中排出，而这种高温的具有极大的冲击力的气流又不可避免地对所述间隙造成随机性破坏，因此导致杆形块的回转精度随产品使用时间而容易变得不稳定，甚至很容易失效。然而，各杆形块的回转精度是保证各触头之间的分断和闭合动作的同步性和闭合时的动静触头的接触压力性能的关键，因此，此类现有技术对相关零部件的加工精度及装配精度的要求很高，各极触头之间的动作同步性、各极触头之间的接触压力性能、触头的分断能力、产品的可靠性和使用寿命等还有待一步改善。
现有技术还存在一种多极断路器，只具有多级的断路单元，断路器的多个断路单元的动触头通过触头支持设置在同一转轴上，该一体化设计的转轴通过轴承盖和轴承座安装在大塑壳的隔墙上。桥形动触头浮动地安装在转轴上的触头支持上，触头支持与转轴一体式的刚性的机械连接，各极动触头与转轴的动作一致性得到了改善，制造误差的缺陷借助于触桥和两个静触头之间超程之差可得到补偿，然而，新的问题是：要保证刚性的一体式转轴与大塑壳之间的理想配合组装，需要提高零部件的加工精度要求，而且必须保证转轴与轴承盖和轴承座之间的配合运动的硬摩擦面具有很高的耐磨性，否则由于转轴的磨损、零部件精度的失效仍会引起各极动触头相对于静触头的动作的不同步；由于在规模化生产中确保零部件加工的高精度是困难的，而且要导致提高成本和降低生产效率，因此需要加大转轴与轴承盖和轴承座之间的配合间隙，否则会出现转轴转动不灵活的问题，它直接影响触头的分断和闭合速度，而所述配合间隙的加大还会影响转轴的回转精度。
利用滚动轴承回转精度高和转动灵活的优点来解决多极双断点塑壳断路器上遇到的问题，是一个很好的创意，但在具体实施中还需要解决一系列的技术问题，如：如何实现将封闭的滚动轴承内环方便地安装到两头粗中间细的转轴中部的结构，由触头支持和滚动轴承组合而成的回转结构如何保证其刚度、形位精度及回转精度，由多个滚动轴承、触头支持、动触头、断路单元与塑壳构成的复杂结构如何满足易于加工装配调试、零件数少、制造成本低、适合于大规模生产等技术要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种新型的多极双断点塑壳断路器，它采用可靠而相对简单的机构，减少了因连接环节多所不可避免的同轴性、刚度、强度变差因素的影响的同时，有利于触头之间的同步，达到不同极断路单元之间的可靠机械连接和传动，提高了产品的性能和可靠性，而且易 于加工、调试。
为实现上述发明目的，本发明提供了如下具体技术方案。
一种多极双断点塑壳断路器，在绝缘外壳内设有隔墙g分隔形成的用于容纳多个单极断路单元30的多个腔室22，每个单极断路单元30具有单元塑壳，每个单元塑壳内设有执行所在极的主电路闭合和分断的触头系统和配套的灭弧系统，每极的触头系统包括两个相对配置的静触头14，16和一个可实现分别与两个静触头14，16同时闭合和分断的桥形动触头20，每一个桥形动触头20以弹性超程的方式安装在一个触头支持上，断路器的操作机构4通过驱动机构驱动多个单极断路单元30的触头支持同步转动，每个灭弧系统包括两个对称设置在所述的单元塑壳内的灭弧室6，9，两个静触头14，16分别设置在两个灭弧室6，9的灭弧区内，所述的多极双断点塑壳断路器还包括多个滚动轴承19，滚动轴承19的外环通过轴承机构固定安装在所述的隔墙g上，滚动轴承19的内环与触头支持以静配合的方式直接联接，相邻两个触头支持之间以静配合的方式直接插接联接；所述的每个单极断路单元30的单元塑壳的两个灭弧室6，9之间设有一个容装触头支持的圆柱形腔室b，圆柱形腔室b包括圆弧面a，在圆柱形腔室b与两个灭弧室6，9之间分别设有两个隔弧壁6a，9a，在两个隔弧壁6a和9a上分别设有贯通的两个窗口，桥形动触头20的两端分别从两个窗口伸入到两个灭弧室6，9内；所述的触头支持包括一个外圆柱面183，该外圆柱面183与所述的圆弧面a配合，并在外圆柱面183与圆弧面a之间设有配合间隙。
进一步，在相邻的两个单极断路单元30中的一个的触头支持的一端上，沿其轴向X设有与触头支持的外圆柱面183同轴的一体成型的连接轴；所述的滚动轴承19的内环以静配合的方式套装在连接轴上，在另一个单极断路单元30的触头支持的一端，沿其轴向X设有与连接轴以静配合的方式连接的连接轴孔100，并且连接轴与连接轴孔100的设置和联接满足使各个触头支持的外圆柱面183同轴的条件。
进一步，所述断路器包括三个并排设置的单极断路单元30，三个单极断路单元中位于中间的单极断路单元30的触头支持的两端，沿其轴向X均设有与触头支持的外圆柱面183同轴的一体成型的连接轴，两个滚动轴承19的内环以静配合的方式分别套装在中间触头支持两端的连接轴上；在另外两个单极断路单元30的触头支持的一端，沿其轴向X设有与连接轴以静配合的方式连接的连接轴孔100，并且连接轴与连接轴孔100的设置和联接满足使各个触头支持的外圆柱面183同轴的条件。
进一步，所述的连接轴包括与滚动轴承19的内环以静配合的方式连接的滚动轴承连接段181和与连接轴孔100配合的触头支持连接段180，触头支持连接段180的直径小于滚动轴承连接段181的直径；所述的触头支持采用团状模塑料或片状模塑料一体成型制成。
进一步，触头支持的触头支持连接段180的横截面为多边形，触头支持的连接轴孔100的横截面为与触头支持连接段180的横截面相匹配的多边形。
进一步，所述的触头支持18的触头支持连接段180上设有与滚动轴承19 的内环接触配合的轴肩184，所述的触头支持的连接轴孔100的外端面上设有与滚动轴承19的内环接触配合的装配面185。
进一步，所述的驱动机构包括两个相互平行设置的通轴7、在各个触头支持上分别沿其轴向X设置两个小通孔18a，两个通轴7分别穿过各个触头支持上的两个小通孔18a后与操作机构4的触头耦合件固定联接，所述的触头耦合件的回转轴线与各个触头支持的外圆柱面183的轴线同轴。
进一步，所述的驱动机构包括两个设置在操作机构4的触头耦合件上的凸轴、设置在靠近各操作机构4的触头耦合件的触头支持上的两个小通孔18a，两个凸轴分别与两个小通孔18a插接联接，所述的触头耦合件的回转轴线与所述的触头支持的外圆柱面183的轴线同轴。
进一步，所述的轴承机构包括具有轴承半孔的固定板3、设置在隔墙g上的具有轴承半孔的轴承座f，固定板3与轴承座f固定联接并使两个轴承半孔对接，滚动轴承19的外环以静配合的方式与两个对接的轴承半孔联接安装。
进一步，每个单极断路单元30的单元塑壳分别包括第一小侧壳板10、第二小侧壳板11、第三小侧壳板12、第四小侧壳板13，第一小侧壳板10与第二小侧壳板11相对组装形成第一灭弧室6和第一半圆柱形腔室，第三小侧壳板12和第四小侧壳板13相对组装形成第二灭弧室9和第二半圆柱形腔室，第一灭弧室6上设有第一卡接部c1和第二卡接部c2，第二灭弧室9上设有第三卡接部d1和第四卡接部d2，第一卡接部c1与第三卡接部d1卡接配合形成固定联接，第二卡接部c2与第四卡接部d2卡接配合形成固定联接，第一半圆柱形腔室和第二半圆柱形腔室通过第一灭弧室6和第二灭弧室9的固定联接组装成圆柱形腔室b。
进一步，每个单极断路单元30的单元塑壳包括第一大侧壳板23和第二大侧壳板24，第一大侧壳板23与第二大侧壳板24相对组装形成两个灭弧室6，9以及圆柱形腔室b。
采用上述本发明的任一技术方案，触头支持之间、触头支持与滚动轴承之间直接插接联接，减少了因连接环节多所不可避免的同轴性、刚度、强度变差因素的影响的同时，有利于触头之间的同步，达到不同极断路单元之间的可靠机械连接和传动，提高了产品的性能和可靠性。滚动轴承与隔墙，触头支持与灭弧室的圆柱形腔室的合理的设计更易于保证回转支撑的精度和轴抗载荷的刚度，降低动触桥组件的零部件制造精度和成本，易于加工、调试，提高了动触桥组件的性能和生产效率；解决动触桥组件在断路器长期工作中会出现的强度要求、耐温性要求、绝缘性能等缺陷。
附图说明
从附图所示实施例的描述中可更清楚地看出本发明的优点和特征，其中：
图1是本发明的多极双断点塑壳断路器的整体分解图，图中示出了一种三极双断点塑壳断路器的整体分解结构。
图2是图1所示的本发明的多极双断点塑壳断路器的模制的绝缘的壳座21 的结构示意图，图中所示的壳座21支持三极双断点塑壳断路器。
图3是图1所示的本发明的多极双断点塑壳断路器的三极断路单元的分解图，图中所示的单极断路单元30采用了第一实施例的结构。
图4是图3所示的本发明的多极双断点塑壳断路器的其中一个极的第一实施例的断路单元的组装外形示意图，图中所示的第一实施例的单极断路单元30的两个灭弧室是可拆分的。
图5是图4所示的两个可拆分的灭弧室中的一个灭弧室6的内部结构示意图。
图6是图4所示的两个可拆分的灭弧室中的另一个灭弧室9的内部结构示意图。
图7是本发明的多极双断点塑壳断路器的其中一个极的第二实施例的断路单元的组装外形示意图，图中所示的第二实施例的单极断路单元30的两个灭弧室是不可拆分的。
图8是图7所示的第二实施例的单极断路单元30的内部结构图。
图9是图1所示的本发明的多极双断点塑壳断路器的各极触头支持组装后的结构示意图，图中示出了由一个触头支持17、两个触头支持18和两个滚动轴承19组装在一起构成三极动触桥组件8具体结构。
图10是图9所示的三个触头支持和两个滚动轴承19的分解图。
图11-13是图9所示的三个触头支持中的触头支持18的零件结构图，其中：
图11是触头支持18平面主视图；
图12是图11的平面右侧视图；
图13是图11的平面左侧视图；
图14是本发明的三极动触桥组件8的又一实施例。
具体实施方式
下面结合图1至图14给出的实施例，进一步说明本发明的多极双断点塑壳断路器的具体实施方式。以下本发明断路器实施例的描述只是作为非限制性的例子。
图1的整体结构分解图的实施例所示的是一个三极双断点塑壳断路器，它包括上盖1、中盖2、操作机构4、手柄5、壳座21。壳座21与安装其上的与之相配合的中盖2和上盖1共同构成多极双断点塑壳断路器的绝缘外壳，绝缘外壳也称为大塑壳。绝缘外壳均采用PBT或PA66工程塑料制成，呈大致六面体形状。多极双断点塑壳断路器的内部构件安装在由壳座21与中盖2配装构成的大塑壳内，大塑壳的中盖2的上部又被上盖1密封，手柄5从中盖2上的孔中穿出。
参见图1至图3，在所述的绝缘外壳内设有隔墙g分隔形成的用于容装多个单极断路单元30的多个腔室22，即每一个腔室22内安装一个极的单极断路单元30。每个单极断路单元30具有单元塑壳，单元塑壳呈大致六面体形状，单元塑壳也称为小塑壳，每个单元塑壳内设有执行所在极的主电路闭合和分断的触 头系统和配套的灭弧系统，或者说，同一极的触头系统和灭弧系统被封装在所述的小塑壳内。对于双断点塑壳断路器，其每一个极的触头系统必然包括两个相对配置的静触头14，16，以及一个可实现分别与两个静触头14，16同时闭合和分断的桥形动触头20，具体是，桥形动触头20以转动的方式同时与两个静触头14，16闭合或同时与两个静触头14，16分断，在闭合时被断路器控制的主电路接通，在分断时所述的主电路断开。对于双断点塑壳断路器，其每一个极的灭弧系统需包括两个对称设置在所述的小塑壳内的灭弧室6，9，两个灭弧栅15a，15b分别设置在两个灭弧室6，9内，两个静触头14，16分别设置在两个灭弧室6，9的灭弧区内，在两个静触头14，16所在灭弧区，也是桥形动触头20分别与两个静触头14，16闭合和分断配合的区域。每一个桥形动触头20以弹性超程的方式安装在一个触头支持17或18上形成动触桥组件40，实现这种弹性超程的方式的结构，可采如图9所示的弹性超程组件20a，它包括超程弹簧，通过该超程弹簧将桥形动触头20安装在触头支持17或18的大通孔182内。在中间一极断路单元的上方设有多极共用的操作机构4，操作机构4通过驱动机构驱动各触头支持17，18同步转动。操作机构4的安装结构可有多种方式，通常是采用操作机构的机架(图中未示出)与壳座21固定联接的结构，以便于装配调试。凡是此类断路器的操作机构，都具有用于驱动触头的转动的驱动机构，驱动机构它必然包括一个触头耦合件(图中未示出)，操作机构通过触头耦合件与桥形动触头联接(包括直接联接和间接联接)，实现触头耦合件与它桥形动触头之间联动，也就是通过触头耦合件驱动触头系统的闭合和分断动作。
以下结合附图进一步说明本发明的改进与创新，其核心是要解决操作机构4是如何同时驱动各极的触头支持17，18的转动，如何确保各极的触头支持17，18转动的同步性和灵活性，以及如何获得易于规模化、高效率、低成本生产的优化结构。降低动触桥组件的零部件制造精度和成本，提高动触桥组件的全方面性能和提高生产效率；解决动触桥组件在断路器长期工作中会出现的强度要求、耐温性要求、绝缘性能等缺陷。
参见图2至图14，本发明的多极双断点塑壳断路器还包括多个滚动轴承19，滚动轴承19的外环通过轴承机构固定安装在所述的隔墙g上，滚动轴承19的内环与触头支持17或18以静配合的方式直接联接，相邻两个触头支持17和/或18之间以静配合的方式直接插接联接。通过这样的结构，使得多个滚动轴承19和触头支持17或18形成如图9所示的动触桥组件8。所述的静配合的方式，是指两个相互配合的零件通过配合形成不能相对活动的联接，包括过盈配合或过渡配合。
所述的每个单极断路单元30的单元塑壳的两个灭弧室6，9之间设有一个容装触头支持17或18的圆柱形腔室b，圆柱形腔室b包括圆弧面a，在圆柱形腔室b与两个灭弧室6，9之间分别设有两个隔弧壁6a，9a，在两个隔弧壁6a，9a上分别设有贯通的两个窗口，桥形动触头20的两端分别从两个窗口伸入到两个灭弧室6，9内；所述的触头支持17，18包括一个外圆柱面183，该外圆柱面183与所述的圆弧面a配合，并在外圆柱面183与圆弧面a之间设有配合间隙。 应当能理解到，所谓配合间隙，是指触头支持17，18的外圆柱面183与单极断路单元30的小塑壳上的圆弧面a之间的间隙具有配合功能，既保证触头支持17和18在其中能灵活转动，同时该间隙又足够小，防止两个灭弧室内有高压气体向圆形腔室b内泄露。当然，本发明的配合间隙不仅具有防止灭弧室内的高压气体向圆柱形腔室内泄漏，而且还具有提高触头支持的回转精度与刚度的功能，而现有技术的“微小间隙”或“一定的间隙”的功能主要是防止灭弧室内的高压气体向圆形腔室内泄漏，或者是为了补偿制造和安装的不规则性而使杆形块可以在其它方向稍微运动。为了获得更理想的配合，一种优选的方案是，所述各触头支持17，18的各外圆柱面183的轴线、各触头支持连接段180的轴线、各连接轴孔100的轴线相互同轴。
动触桥组件8由多个触头支持直接插接连接组成，在相邻的两个单极断路单元30中的一个单极断路单元30的触头支持的一端上，沿触头支持的轴向X设有一体成型的连接轴，在另一个单极断路单元30的触头支持的一端，沿触头支持轴向X设有与连接轴对应的连接轴孔100，连接轴孔100以静配合的方式与连接轴；在相邻的两个触头支持的连接轴上设有滚动轴承19，滚动轴承19的内环与连接轴以静配合的方式直接联接。所述的触头支持的具体结构可有多种，一种优选的结构如图9至图13所示，它包括触头支持18和触头支持17两种略有不同的形状。在所述的触头支持18的一端，沿其轴向X设有与所述外圆柱面183同轴的滚动轴承连接段181，在滚动轴承连接段181的一端设有沿所述轴向X伸出的触头支持连接段180，连接轴包括滚动轴承连接段181和触头支持连接段180，滚动轴承连接段181和触头支持连接段180与触头支持18一体成型，触头支持连接段180的直径小于滚动轴承连接段181的直径，所述的滚动轴承19的内环以过渡配合的方式套装在滚动轴承连接段181上。触头支持17与触头支持18的区别在于，触头支持17上不具有上述的滚动轴承连接段181、触头支持连接段180的结构。触头支持17和触头支持18相同的结构在于：在所述的触头支持17，18的另一端，沿其轴向X设有容接相邻的触头支持17或18的触头支持连接段180的连接轴孔100，连接轴孔100以过盈配合的方式与触头支持连接段180连接，并且触头支持连接段180与连接轴孔100的设置和联接满足使各个触头支持17，18的外圆柱面183同轴的条件；在所述的触头支持17，18的外圆柱面183上设有一个用于容装桥形动触头20的径向贯通的大通孔182，通过弹性超程组件20a安装在大通孔182内的桥形动触头20的两端分别对称地伸出到外圆柱面183外，伸出的两端分别从单极断路单元30的两个隔弧壁6a，9a上的两个窗口伸入到两个灭弧室6，9内部位。另一种更优选的方式如图14所示，所述断路器包括三个并排设置的单极断路单元30，每个单极断路单元30包括一个触头支持，三个触头支持直接插接连接组成动触桥组件8，位于中间的单极断路单元30的触头支持的两端，沿其轴向X均设有与触头支持的外圆柱面183同轴的一体成型的连接轴，两个滚动轴承19的内环以静配合的方式分别套装在中间触头支持两端的连接轴上；在另外两个单极断路单元30的触头支持的一端，沿其轴向X设有与连接轴以静配合的方式连接的连接轴孔100，并且连接 轴与连接轴孔100的设置和联接满足使各个触头支持的外圆柱面183同轴的条件，本实施例的动触桥组件8的外圆柱面183的同轴性更加。当然，本实施例的连接轴也可以包括滚动轴承连接段181和触头支持连接段180。由于触头支持连接段180与连接轴孔100之间的联接存在力的传递，因此，为了使它们之间的静配合更加稳定可靠并具有更强的刚度，一种优选的结构方案是：所述的触头支持18的触头支持连接段180的横截面为多边形或椭圆型或其它非圆形异形结构，所述的触头支持17，18的连接轴孔100的横截面为与触头支持连接段180的横截面相匹配的多边形或椭圆型或其它非圆形异形结构。为了使滚动轴承连接段181与滚动轴承19的内环之间的静配合更加稳定可靠，防止滚动轴承19的内环沿滚动轴承连接段181的轴向滑移，一种优选的方案是，所述的触头支持18的触头支持连接段180上设有一个与滚动轴承19的内环接触配合的轴肩184，所述的触头支持17，18的连接轴孔100的外端面上设有与滚动轴承19的内环接触配合的装配面185，在滚动轴承19安装到触头支持上后，滚动轴承19的内环的两个端面分别与轴肩184和装配面185抵接，以防止滚动轴承19的轴向窜动。每个触头支持17、18采用DMC(团状模塑料)或SMC(片状模塑料)工程模压塑料制成，以提高断路器的整体耐热性能。安装时，通过触头支持18的连接轴过盈配合的穿过金属的滚动轴承19，对插进入触头支持17的连接轴孔的两侧面e，利用侧面e实现对插整体转轴的轴向中心定位，然后再用两个通轴7串联各个触头支持17和18，保证整体拼装动触桥组件8的刚度和定位，再通过固定板3和金属滚动轴承19将转轴固定在绝缘塑壳的具有轴承半孔的轴承座f处，实现转轴的中心定位，且不会出现触头晃动。
所述与操作机构4连接的驱动机构包括两个相互平行设置的通轴7、在各个触头支持17，18上分别沿其轴向X设置两个小通孔18a，两个通轴7分别穿过各个触头支持17，18上的两个小通孔18a后与操作机构4的触头耦合件固定联接，并满足所述的触头耦合件的回转轴线与各个触头支持17，18的外圆柱面183的轴线同轴，也即与各个触头支持17，18的回转轴线同轴。采用两个通轴串联各极触头支持，保证了各极触头支持的同步性和对中性，提高了整体动触桥组件的刚度和强度，保证了各极触头支持的受力均匀一致，为断路器提高额定电流提供了解决方案，解决了动触桥组件多次操作后触头支持出现松动，出现的同步性问题，且安装更为灵活和方便，可简化装配工艺。由于本发明的动触桥组件8具有上述的特殊结构，所以具有较高回转精度和回转刚度，或者说，各个触头支持17，18之间的相互联动的精度和刚度很高，由此不难设想，只要操作机构4驱动其中一个触头支持17或18转动，则其它触头支持17，18同时也会转动，因此以下结构(图中未示出)可替代上述的附图给出的实施例的结构：所述的驱动机构包括两个设置在操作机构4的触头耦合件上凸轴、设置在靠近各操作机构4的触头耦合件的触头支持17或18上的两个小通孔18a，两个凸轴分别与两个小通孔18a插接联接，并满足所述的触头耦合件的回转轴线与所述的触头支持17或18的外圆柱面183的轴线同轴。显然，这种替代方案在上述的现有技术中不能适应，因为现有技术的所述的同轴度和回转精度的不足，导 致了不能采用该替代方案，或者如采用该替代方案后会导致各触头支持的动作同步性显著下降。显然，可采用可简化结构的上述替代方案，本身也本发明的有益的技术效果之一。
参见图1、2、9和10，所述的轴承机构包括具有轴承半孔的固定板3、设置隔墙g上的具有轴承半孔的轴承座f，固定板3与轴承座f固定联接并使两个轴承半孔对接，滚动轴承19的外环以静配合的方式与两个对接的轴承半孔联接安装。应当能理解到，由于采用了滚动轴承19，通过固定板3与轴承座f的固定联接可以补偿“制造和安装的不规则性”，但与现有技术不同的是，本发明的这种补偿，不会导致所述的同轴度和回转精度，实现这一效果的原理，就是在所述的固定板3与轴承座f固定联接时可以实现滚动轴承19的径向和轴向位置的可微调，通过这种微调结构，不仅能使滚动轴承19的外环与隔墙g之间建立稳定、可靠的固定连接，而且能确保滚动轴承19的内环的高精度灵活转动。
参见图1至图6，所述的单极断路单元30的小塑壳采用分体结构，即：所述的各单极断路单元30的小塑壳分别包括第一小侧壳板10、第二小侧壳板11、第三小侧壳板12、第四小侧壳板13，第一小侧壳板10与第二小侧壳板11相对组装形成一个灭弧室6和半个圆柱形腔室，第三小侧壳板12、第四小侧壳板13相对组装形成另一个灭弧室9和半个圆柱形腔室，一个灭弧室6上设有第一卡接部c1和第二卡接部c2，另一个灭弧室9上设有第三卡接部d1和第四卡接部d2，第一卡接部c1与第三卡接部d1卡接配合形成固定联接，第二卡接部c2与第四卡接部d2卡接配合形成固定联接，两个半个圆柱形腔室通过该两个固定联接组装成整个圆柱形腔室b，两个灭弧室6和9是独立可拆分的。本发明的又一有益的效果是，相对于整体转轴，本发明的单极断路单元30的小塑壳还可采用整体结构，它与所述的分体结构可相互替代，但它比分体结构更为简单，而且更能确保小塑壳上的圆弧面a与触头支持17，18的外圆柱面183之间的精确配合。所述的整体结构如图7至图8所示：所述的各单极断路单元30的小塑壳分别包括第一大侧壳板23和第二大侧壳板24，第一大侧壳板23与第二大侧壳板24组装形成两个灭弧室6，9以及圆柱形腔室b，两个灭弧室6和9是整体组装构成的。
如图1-2所示，大塑壳的壳座21上设有极间隔墙g，在所述的隔墙g上设有固定滚动轴承19需要的固定板3，固定板3可通过螺钉紧固方式与轴承座f可脱卸连接，便于安装和更换，固定板3可采用任何一种合适这种结构的制式。在一个优化的实施例中，由分别设置在固定板3和隔墙g的上下两个半圆形的轴承半孔构成固定滚动轴承19的结构；下半圆是利用隔墙g本体形成的半圆凹槽作为轴承座f，其直径与滚动轴承19的外径相匹配；上半圆由一个图1所示的具有轴承半孔的固定板3作为轴承盖板，其直径与滚动轴承19的外径相匹配，所述固定板3通过螺钉固定在大塑壳上。通过轴承座f与固定板3的配合连接，将滚动轴承19的外环固定在壳座21内。采用这种安装结构，保证用于定位和支撑的如图9所示的滚动轴承19的无松动和方便安装，而且还获得了各触头支持的极灵活转动性能，同时克服了现有技术一直不能解决的由加工误差和安装 误差所致的一系列影响产品性能的问题，并且可很经济地获得较高的安装定位精度和足够的承载能力。
综上说明，现有的断路器设计均有一个将相邻极的动触头部件固定连接的可回转的杆状块或者转轴，并依靠它支持动触桥的接通和分断，要实现不同断路单元配置的一致性，必须保证转轴与断路器大塑壳的精确配合，关键取决于杆状块或转轴和与其串联作用的金属异型轴的精度，而异型金属轴不易加工，尺寸精度很难保证不会降低转轴的绝缘性能和强度，而支持动触桥接通和分断的转轴的制造和装配误差难以达到所设计的相关零部件支持精度及装配精度要求，无法实现各极单元之间的可靠机械连接和传动。本发明对断路器的核心部件——触头支持和同步性及其灭弧系统的改进，通过巧妙地将多个触头支持之间的直接插接联接，并在直接联接的结构中巧妙地加入了滚动轴承，通过两个相互平行设置的通轴7串联各级触头支持，从而实现了各个极的带有桥形动触头20的触头支持17，18的回转轴线具有理想的同轴度、刚度及灵活度，解决了过去各极的动触桥通过触头支持设置在同一转轴上导致断路器长期工作中易出现强度减弱、耐温性差和绝缘性能下降等缺陷，全面提高了低压塑壳断路器的开断性能和工作稳定性等技术指标。本发明无需为邻极的触头支持之间设置转轴，或则不必将各极的触头支持之间设置连杆，而是每极的双触点桥形动触头由一个触头支持17或18支撑，每个触头支持与相邻的18的触头支持直接联接，减少连接点以提高同轴度，两个相邻的触头支持之间设有一个滚动轴承19，所述的滚动轴承19固定安装在断路器的大塑壳的隔墙g上，每个触头支持的回转中心均由所述的滚动轴承19的回转中心所限定，从而使各触头支持17，18的回转轴线与所述的滚动轴承19的回转轴线同轴。由于滚动轴承19具有极高的回转精度和灵敏度，保证了每一个触头支持18的回转的高灵敏度和高精度，滚动轴承19仅需与触头支持18伸出的轴承连接端连接，而且由于每极少了一个一个转轴，所以更易于保证回转支撑的精度和抗载荷变形的刚度，有利于触头之间的同步。本发明仅靠模具本身的精度通过加工即可保证精度要求，减少了因连接环节多所不可避免的刚度、强度变差因素的影响，且易于调试。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，凡依本发明权利要求做出的技术等效变化与修改，皆应视为本发明的涵盖范围之内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种多极双断点塑壳断路器，在绝缘外壳内设有隔墙(g)分隔形成的用于容纳多个单极断路单元(30)的多个腔室(22)，每个单极断路单元(30)具有单元塑壳，每个单元塑壳内设有执行所在极的主电路闭合和分断的触头系统和配套的灭弧系统，每极的触头系统包括两个相对配置的静触头(14，16)和一个可实现分别与两个静触头(14，16)同时闭合和分断的桥形动触头(20)，每一个桥形动触头(20)以弹性超程的方式安装在一个触头支持上，断路器的操作机构(4)通过驱动机构驱动多个单极断路单元(30)的触头支持同步转动，每个灭弧系统包括两个对称设置在所述的单元塑壳内的灭弧室(6，9)，两个静触头(14，16)分别设置在两个灭弧室(6，9)的灭弧区内，其特征在于：
    所述的多极双断点塑壳断路器还包括多个滚动轴承(19)，滚动轴承(19)的外环通过轴承机构固定安装在所述的隔墙(g)上，滚动轴承(19)的内环与触头支持以静配合的方式直接联接，相邻两个触头支持之间以静配合的方式直接插接联接；
    所述的每个单极断路单元(30)的单元塑壳的两个灭弧室(6，9)之间设有一个容装触头支持的圆柱形腔室(b)，圆柱形腔室(b)包括圆弧面(a)，在圆柱形腔室(b)与两个灭弧室(6，9)之间分别设有两个隔弧壁(6a，9a)，在两个隔弧壁(6a和9a)上分别设有贯通的两个窗口，桥形动触头(20)的两端分别从两个窗口伸入到两个灭弧室(6，9)内；
    所述的触头支持包括一个外圆柱面(183)，该外圆柱面(183)与所述的圆弧面(a)配合，并在外圆柱面(183)与圆弧面(a)之间设有配合间隙。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的多极双断点塑壳断路器，其特征在于：在相邻的两个单极断路单元(30)中的一个的触头支持的一端上，沿其轴向X设有与触头支持的外圆柱面(183)同轴的一体成型的连接轴；所述的滚动轴承(19)的内环以静配合的方式套装在连接轴上，在另一个单极断路单元(30)的触头支持的一端，沿其轴向X设有与连接轴以静配合的方式连接的连接轴孔(100)，并且连接轴与连接轴孔(100)的设置和联接满足使各个触头支持的外圆柱面(183)同轴的条件。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的多极双断点塑壳断路器，其特征在于：所述断路器包括三个并排设置的单极断路单元(30)，三个单极断路单元中位于中间的单极断路单元(30)的触头支持的两端，沿其轴向X均设有与触头支持的外圆柱面(183)同轴的一体成型的连接轴，两个滚动轴承(19)的内环以静配合的方式分别套装在中间触头支持两端的连接轴上；在另外两个单极断路单元(30)的触头支持的一端，沿其轴向X设有与连接轴以静配合的方式连接的连接轴孔(100)，并且连接轴与连接轴孔(100)的设置和联接满足使各个触头支持的外圆柱面(183)同轴的条件。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的多极双断点塑壳断路器，其特征在于：所述 的连接轴包括与滚动轴承(19)的内环以静配合的方式连接的滚动轴承连接段(181)和与连接轴孔(100)配合的触头支持连接段(180)，触头支持连接段(180)的直径小于滚动轴承连接段(181)的直径；所述的触头支持采用团状模塑料或片状模塑料一体成型制成。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的多极双断点塑壳断路器，其特征在于：触头支持的触头支持连接段(180)的横截面为多边形，触头支持的连接轴孔(100)的横截面为与触头支持连接段(180)的横截面相匹配的多边形。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的多极双断点塑壳断路器，其特征在于：所述的触头支持(18)的触头支持连接段(180)上设有与滚动轴承(19)的内环接触配合的轴肩(184)，所述的触头支持的连接轴孔(100)的外端面上设有与滚动轴承(19)的内环接触配合的装配面(185)。
  7. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的多极双断点塑壳断路器，其特征在于：所述的驱动机构包括两个相互平行设置的通轴(7)、在各个触头支持上分别沿其轴向X设置两个小通孔(18a)，两个通轴(7)分别穿过各个触头支持上的两个小通孔(18a)后与操作机构(4)的触头耦合件固定联接，所述的触头耦合件的回转轴线与各个触头支持的外圆柱面(183)的轴线同轴。
  8. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的多极双断点塑壳断路器，其特征在于：所述的驱动机构包括两个设置在操作机构(4)的触头耦合件上的凸轴、设置在靠近各操作机构(4)的触头耦合件的触头支持上的两个小通孔(18a)，两个凸轴分别与两个小通孔(18a)插接联接，所述的触头耦合件的回转轴线与所述的触头支持的外圆柱面(183)的轴线同轴。
  9. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的多极双断点塑壳断路器，其特征在于：所述的轴承机构包括具有轴承半孔的固定板(3)、设置在隔墙(g)上的具有轴承半孔的轴承座(f)，固定板(3)与轴承座(f)固定联接并使两个轴承半孔对接，滚动轴承(19)的外环以静配合的方式与两个对接的轴承半孔联接安装。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的多极双断点塑壳断路器，其特征在于：每个单极断路单元(30)的单元塑壳分别包括第一小侧壳板(10)、第二小侧壳板(11)、第三小侧壳板(12)、第四小侧壳板(13)，第一小侧壳板(10)与第二小侧壳板(11)相对组装形成第一灭弧室(6)和第一半圆柱形腔室，第三小侧壳板(12)和第四小侧壳板(13)相对组装形成第二灭弧室(9)和第二半圆柱形腔室，第一灭弧室(6)上设有第一卡接部(c1)和第二卡接部(c2)，第二灭弧室(9)上设有第三卡接部(d1)和第四卡接部(d2)，第一卡接部(c1)与第三卡接部(d1)卡接配合形成固定联接，第二卡接部(c2)与第四卡接部(d2)卡接配合形成固定联接，第一半圆柱形腔室和第二半圆柱形腔室通过第一灭弧室(6)和第二灭弧室(9)的固定联接组装成圆柱形腔室(b)。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的多极双断点塑壳断路器，其特征在于：每个单极断路单元(30)的单元塑壳包括第一大侧壳板(23)和第二大侧壳板(24)，第一大侧壳板(23)与第二大侧壳板(24)相对组装形成两个灭弧室(6，9)以及圆柱形腔室(b)。
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CN109212409B (zh) * 2017-07-04 2024-06-04 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 断路器的测试方法
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CN108417429B (zh) * 2018-03-20 2024-05-17 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 旋转式电气开关
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CN110556275B (zh) * 2018-05-31 2023-01-10 三菱电机株式会社 电路断路器
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