WO2016076701A1 - Positioning appliance for measurement and analysis - Google Patents

Positioning appliance for measurement and analysis Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016076701A1
WO2016076701A1 PCT/MX2015/000148 MX2015000148W WO2016076701A1 WO 2016076701 A1 WO2016076701 A1 WO 2016076701A1 MX 2015000148 W MX2015000148 W MX 2015000148W WO 2016076701 A1 WO2016076701 A1 WO 2016076701A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rail
turning
platform
measurement
positioning
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PCT/MX2015/000148
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Margarita KAPLUN MUCHARRAFILLE
Original Assignee
Kaplun Mucharrafille Margarita
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Application filed by Kaplun Mucharrafille Margarita filed Critical Kaplun Mucharrafille Margarita
Publication of WO2016076701A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016076701A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of mechanics, since a positioning apparatus for measurement and analysis is provided. NTECEDENTS OF THE INVENTION
  • Measurement is a basic process of science that consists in comparing a selected pattern with the object or phenomenon whose physical magnitude you want to measure to see how many times the pattern is contained in that magnitude.
  • Japanese patent JP3207023 (B2) of Sumitomo Electric Industries and Tokyo Electric Power Co, published on September 10, 2001, which refers to a method for calibrating image measurement devices, where a device is described within the method, which is an optical axis of the adjustment lens that has marks arranged at intervals and marks of installation of the camera, apart from the marks by the known distances, it is installed in front of a visual section constituted by a group of cameras of 1-4. Two or more marks are fixed on the lens of each camera.
  • the angle of rotation in the normal position of the camera (the one derived from the direction of the axis perpendicular to the baseline) is calculated from the coordinates of the marks in the image obtained by each camera and the coordinates given that the coordinates of the marks in advance for the camera in the normal direction.
  • Three-dimensional coordinates are calibrated when the camera is rotated in the opposite direction by this amount of rotation to correct the position of the camera or by calculation with no correction.
  • the cameras have a displacement on the X, Y and Z axes, it does not have a system that allows it, which limits the scope of measurement or analysis equipment, although it is true , this movement can be done together with the device, this will cause an error in the measurement or analysis, at the time of having the final result.
  • the equipment is based on the stored calibration data and the angular position data obtained on each of the axes of rotation of the heads of articulation to obtain the orientation data and the computer is also based on the analysis of video images to calculate the coordinates of each point measured on the object.
  • this document has the disadvantage that two or more devices cannot be positioned by measuring or facing the same place, so that by means of the apparatus of the United States application for invention, it is impossible to achieve the measurement to calibrate a device in relation to the reference team.
  • the measurement, calibration, measurement or image capture industry has a general need for means that can be applied to the instruments for the measurement of mechanical characteristics and that the calibration permit calibration be carried out in Quickly, easily and accurately without having to use a large number of standard forms for all calibration measurements.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a positioning apparatus for measurement and analysis.
  • Figure 1 is a right rear perspective view of the positioning apparatus for measurement and analysis.
  • igura 2 is a front left perspective view of the positioning device for measurement and analysis.
  • Figure 3 is a top view of the positioning apparatus for measurement and analysis, where you can see various positions in which the rail body moves on the track of rotation of the rail.
  • f CJU. 3. 4 is a perspective view of the turntable of the positioning apparatus for measurement and analysis. shows the electrical diagram of the control panel and power socket of the positioning device for measurement and analysis.
  • Figure 6 shows an example of how a temperature measurement instrument is calibrated by telemetry; using a system for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measurement instruments by telemetry and the positioning apparatus for measurement and analysis of the present invention.
  • the positioning apparatus for measurement and analysis is constituted by a support structure (1), which is composed of at least two front columns (2) and a column of gi or (3), said front (2) and turn (3) columns, of ⁇ 3 ⁇
  • each front (2) and turning column (3) has an anti-vibration leveler (4) in its lower part, which are made of elastomer, preferably of the R group (in English Rubber) where the main chain consists of carbon e hydrogen and contains double bonds; specifically nitrile rubber, which allows eliminating any unwanted movement when calibrating, measuring and / or analyzing the instruments mounted in the positioning device for measurement and analysis.
  • elastomer preferably of the R group (in English Rubber) where the main chain consists of carbon e hydrogen and contains double bonds; specifically nitrile rubber, which allows eliminating any unwanted movement when calibrating, measuring and / or analyzing the instruments mounted in the positioning device for measurement and analysis.
  • Each front column (2) has in its upper part a support (8) and the turning column (2) in its upper part has a turning system (11), which consists of an axial double cup bearing and a axis (not illustrated).
  • a turning track (9) is configured to be supported by the supports (8), said turning track (9) has at least one perforation on its surface.
  • a rail (7) is placed on the turning column (3) and the turning track (9), the rail (7) on its front that is on the turning track (9), has a carriage sliding (10) which together with the turning system (11) and a positioning system (13) located on the back of the rail (7) allow said rail to slide on the turning track (9), as It is illustrated in Figure 3;
  • said positioning system (13) is a bolt, a plunger, a lever, a bar, a screw or the combination of the above, which allows fixing the position in which it is desired to leave the rail (7), and by releasing said positioning system (13), the rail (7) can have movement once again to place it in a different position.
  • Figure 3 shows an example of how the rail (7) of the positioning apparatus for measurement and analysis moves in different positions; The number of positions depends on the length of the turning track (9).
  • said brake (12) On the front of the rail (7) on either side it has a turning brake (12), at the height where the sliding carriage (10) is located, said brake (12), is a bolt with a spring or a rod, which enters the perforations of the turning track (8), securing together with the positioning system (13), the rail (7), in a desired position and that said rail does not move accidentally, resulting in a bad calibration, measurement or analysis of the equipment.
  • the rail (7) has a guide (17) and a graduated scale (18); the guide (17) allows a rotating platform (14) to move over it, in order to zoom in, out or position the different equipment to be calibrated, which will perform a measurement or analysis;
  • the graduated scale (18) helps to measure the distance between the platform (14) to the object of analysis or measurement.
  • the platform (14) has at least two bases (20), which have a lifting mechanism (15), which allows to set the appropriate height of the equipment to be calibrated, analyzed or that will make a measurement; a support head (16), which can be fixed or mobile in -basis base (20), allowing to fix the equipment to be calibrated, analyzed or that will make the measurement to said base, the support head (16) is configured to allow moving in the axes "X", "Y” and “Z ", to the equipment to be calibrated, analyzed or that will make the measurement.
  • the platform (14) rotates by means of a bearing; and to force it to stop in a defined position, the platform (14) in its lower part has, at least, a notch (not illustrated), which is penetrated by a spring-tensioned pellet (not illustrated) allowing interruption the rotational movement of the platform in a defined position.
  • a notch not illustrated
  • a spring-tensioned pellet not illustrated
  • the center of the platform (14) has a linear displacement brake (21), which when activated exerts pressure on the rail (7) to stop the linear movement of the platform (14);
  • the linear displacement brake (21) can be a bolt, a piston, a lever, a bar, a screw or the combination of the above.
  • an electrical control panel (19) is located on either side of the rail (7); said electrical panel (19) houses a general switch (24), which energizes the entire apparatus, a second and third switch controls luminaires (25) that are located at the bottom of the rail (7) that support the operator of the positioning device for measurement and analysis with light indirect, where said luminaries of preference are LED ' s (light-emitting diode:' light emitting diode '); and, a multi-contact electrical system (23) of mixed receptacle electrical sockets grounded at 110-125V / 60 Hz / 15A having a capacity of up to 1,875W.
  • This multi-contact electrical system allows the plug of European or American type equipment; For the purpose of dismantling the rail, the electrical installation is hidden and is equipped with a hermaphroditic connector that facilitates the connection or disconnection of the. rail (7) of its support structure (1).
  • Example 1 A method of calibration and / or characterization with greater accuracy of temperature measuring instruments by telemetry, where the positioning apparatus for measurement and analysis object of the present invention is used.
  • the method consists of the following steps: a) Collect information on the instrument to be calibrated;
  • the standard or reference equipment such as the IBC instrument, can be connected to the multi-contact electrical system
  • a positioning test is carried out, if possible and the instrument to be measured allows it, with a laser pointer is the alignment test, ensuring that the centers of both the standard equipment, and the instrument to be measured IBC and the center of the black body cylindrical cavity are aligned with reference to its center,
  • the readings shall be taken as follows: (LP-L IBC- L IBC -LP-LP TM L IBC - L IBC -LP-LP- L IBC - L IBC - LP), where: Lp corresponds to the reading of the standard pyrometer and L IBC corresponds to the reading of the instrument to be calibrated, 6b) In the case of calibrating equipment or thermal imaging cameras, the readings will be taken as follows: (LP-Cp - L IBC- L IBC - Cp - LP- LP- Cp - L IBC - L IBC - Cp - LP - LP- Cp - L IBC - L IBC - Cp - L IBC - Cp -LP), where: Cp corresponds to the camera reading thermographic pattern.
  • the ambient temperature close to the IBC instrument is recorded both at the beginning and at the end of each measurement point. It is also considered the registration of the value of the emissivity to which one is working, used spot, real position distance to the cylindrical cavity of the black body and its spectral response of the IBC instrument,
  • the standard pyrometer measures the temperature of the electric oven, and is manually registered on a PC, when the temperature shown on the data output screen has been stabilized. Then, the temperature is measured with a standard thermal imager and recorded manually and a thermal image is taken with a standard thermal imager, which is stored - they read their internal memory and subsequently downloaded to a PC and finally the instrument to be measured, such as: infrared thermometers or thermographic cameras measures the temperature of the electric oven, and is manually registered on a PC.
  • the standard thermal imager takes a thermographic image, thereby capturing temperature readings of the electric furnace front, in different positions, at least 1/8 of the center area of the cylindrical body cavity must always be included in the measurement black, with which, the detector of the thermographic equipment to be measured will take (censor) the maximum temperature value in different areas of its detector area, thereby determining the behavior of the detector of the instrument to be calibrated and thus its characterization in different quadrants, determining their behavior ii.
  • the thermal image After the thermal image has been taken, it is stored in the internal memory and subsequently downloaded to a PC.
  • This thermal imaging is done at least four times in different positions covering at least 1/8 of the center area of the black body cavity.
  • the estimated uncertainty associated with the method when the temperature calibration is the result of the temperature reading of the thermal imager under repeatability conditions minus the emissivity correction minus the temperature of the black body cylindrical cavity obtained with reference to standard pyrometer;
  • thermo gradient ⁇ is the average difference of temperatures measured with the thermal imager between two determined positions of the disk with thermal gradient minus the average temperature difference determined with thermocouples arranged differentially between two points in certain positions of the disk with thermal gradient, less the corrections of temperature difference determined by factors of installation of the thermocouples, corrections of the sensitivity due to the temperature, transference factors of heat by convection, less the corrections of the geometric positions of the thermocouples in the disk and those determined by the interpolation of the temperature gradients between two points, less the corrections due to the eraisivity such as the changes in it due to the temperature .

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a positioning appliance for measurement and analysis, comprising: a supporting structure formed by two front columns and a rotary column connected by a base plate and an intermediate panel; anti-vibration levelling elements in the lower part of each column of the supporting structure; a support; a rotary system; a rotary track designed to be supported by the supports; a rail arranged over the rotary column and the rotary track, said rail having a sliding carriage and a brake on the front part thereof, and a positioning system on the rear part thereof; a guide arranged on the upper part of the rail, as well as a gauge; a platform that slides along the rail by means of the guide; a base positioned on the platform; a linear motion brake arranged in the centre of the platform, which allows a defined position of the platform to be secured; an electrical control panel for energising the appliance; and a light arranged on the lower part of the rail.

Description

La presente invención se relaciona con el campo técnico de la mecánica, ya que se aporta un aparato de posicionamiento para medición y análisis. NTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓM The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanics, since a positioning apparatus for measurement and analysis is provided. NTECEDENTS OF THE INVENTION
La medición es un proceso básico de la ciencia que consiste en comparar un patrón seleccionado con el objeto o fenómeno cuya magnitud física se desea medir para ver cuántas veces el patrón está contenido en esa magnitud. Measurement is a basic process of science that consists in comparing a selected pattern with the object or phenomenon whose physical magnitude you want to measure to see how many times the pattern is contained in that magnitude.
Los procesos de medición de magnitudes físicas que no son. dimensiones geométricas entrañan algunas dificultades adicionales, relacionadas con la precisión y el efecto provocado sobre el sistema. Así cuando se mide alguna magnitud física se requiere en muchas ocasiones que el aparato de medida interfiera de alguna manera sobre el sistema físico en el que se debe medir algo o entre en contacto con dicho sistema. En esas situaciones se debe poner mucho cuidado, en evitar alterar seriamente el sistema observado. De acuerdo con la mecánica clásica no existe un límite teórico a la precisión o el grado de perturbación que dicha medida provocará sobre el sistema (esto contrasta seriamente con la mecánica cuántica o con ciertos experimentos en ciencias sociales donde el propio experimento de medición puede interferir en los sujetos participantes) . Por otro lado, no hemos de perder de vista que las medidas se realizan con algún tipo de error, debido a imperfecciones del instrumental o a limitaciones del medidor, errores experimentales, por eso, se ha de realizar la medida de forma que la alteración producida sea mucho menor que el error experimental que pueda cometerse. Por esa razón una magnitud medida se considera como una variable aleatoria, y se acepta que un proceso de medición es adecuado si la media estadística de dichas medidas converge hacia la media poblacional. En mecánica clásica las restricciones para el grado de precisión son siempre de carácter tecnológico o práctico, sin embargo, en mecánica cuántica existen límites teóricos para el grado de precisión que puede alcanzarse. The processes of measurement of physical quantities that are not. Geometric dimensions involve some additional difficulties, related to the precision and the effect on the system. Thus, when measuring some physical magnitude, it is often required that the measuring device interfere in some way with the physical system in which something must be measured or come into contact with said system. In these situations, great care must be taken to avoid seriously altering the observed system. According to classical mechanics, there is no theoretical limit to the accuracy or degree of disturbance that this measure will cause on the system (this contrasts seriously with quantum mechanics or with certain experiments in social sciences where the measurement experiment itself can interfere with the participating subjects). On the other hand, we must not lose sight of the fact that the measurements are made with some type of error, due to imperfections of the instruments or limitations of the meter, experimental errors, therefore, the measurement must be carried out so that the alteration produced is much smaller than the experimental error that can be committed. For that reason a measured magnitude is considered as a random variable, and it is accepted that a measurement process is adequate if the statistical mean of these measures converges towards the population mean. In classical mechanics the restrictions for the degree of precision are always technological or practical, however, in quantum mechanics there are theoretical limits for the degree of precision that can be achieved.
Por esta razón es importante contar con mecanismos o aparatos que permitan disminuir cualquier tipo de error y especialmente cuando el error se debe a un mal posicionamiento de un equipo de referencia o patrón y el equipo a medir o analizar. For this reason it is important to have mechanisms or devices that allow to reduce any type of error and especially when the error is due to a bad positioning of a reference or standard equipment and the equipment to be measured or analyzed.
Es por eso la importancia de desarrollar aparatos de posicionamiento del tipo que se habla en la presente invención, ya que sirve para fijar en una posición definida el equipo de referencia y el equipo a medir, analizar o de captura de imágenes; con la finalidad de que dichos aparatos no tengan movimiento y la calidad de la medición, análisis o la captura de imágenes sea la óptima. That is why the importance of developing positioning devices of the type spoken in the present invention, since it serves to fix the reference equipment and the equipment to be measured, analyzed or captured in a defined position; in order that these devices have no movement and the quality of the measurement, analysis or image capture is optimal.
Efectuando una búsqueda del estado de la técnica, se encontraron algunos documentos de patente relacionados con la tecnología, por ejemplo, la patente japonesa JP3207023 (B2) de Sumitomo Electric Industries Y Tokyo Electric Power Co, publicada el 10 de septiembre de 2001, la cual se refiere a un método para calibrar dispositivos de medición de imagen, donde dentro del método se describe un dispositivo, el cual es un eje óptico de la lente de ajuste que tiene marcas dispuestas a intervalos y marcas de instalación de la cámara, aparte de las marcas por las distancias conocidas, se instala en frente de una sección visual constituida por un grupo de cámaras de 1-4. Dos o más marcas se fijan en el objetivo de cada cámara. El ángulo de giro en la posición normal de la cámara (la derivada de la dirección del eje perpendicular a la linea de base) se calcula a partir de las coordenadas de las marcas en la imagen obtenida por cada cámara y las coordenadas dado que las coordenadas de las marcas en avanzar para la cámara en la dirección normal. Las coordenadas tridimensionales se calibran cuando la cámara se hace girar en la dirección opuesta por esta cantidad de rotación para corregir la posición de la cámara o mediante cálculo con ninguna corrección. Sin embargo, si es necesario que las cámaras tengan un desplazamiento sobre los ejes X, Y y Z, no cuenta .con un sistema que lo permita, lo que limita el campo de acción de los equipos de medición o análisis, si bien es cierto, este movimiento lo pueden hacer junto con el dispositivo, esto causará un error en la medición o análisis, al momento de tener el resultado final. Performing a state of the art search, some patent documents related to the technology were found, for example, Japanese patent JP3207023 (B2) of Sumitomo Electric Industries and Tokyo Electric Power Co, published on September 10, 2001, which refers to a method for calibrating image measurement devices, where a device is described within the method, which is an optical axis of the adjustment lens that has marks arranged at intervals and marks of installation of the camera, apart from the marks by the known distances, it is installed in front of a visual section constituted by a group of cameras of 1-4. Two or more marks are fixed on the lens of each camera. The angle of rotation in the normal position of the camera (the one derived from the direction of the axis perpendicular to the baseline) is calculated from the coordinates of the marks in the image obtained by each camera and the coordinates given that the coordinates of the marks in advance for the camera in the normal direction. Three-dimensional coordinates are calibrated when the camera is rotated in the opposite direction by this amount of rotation to correct the position of the camera or by calculation with no correction. However, if it is necessary that the cameras have a displacement on the X, Y and Z axes, it does not have a system that allows it, which limits the scope of measurement or analysis equipment, although it is true , this movement can be done together with the device, this will cause an error in the measurement or analysis, at the time of having the final result.
Otro documento encontrado es la solicitud de patente de Estados Unidos de América número US2007068219 (Al), de Gabriele Balboni, publicada el 29 de marzo de 2007, divulga un aparato para la calibración de los instrumentos de medición, tales como medidores de calibre y similares, incluye elementos para apoyar el aparato, los elementos para la calibración del instrumento y al menos un elemento adaptador, que mantiene un instrumento deseado para ser calibrado en ios elementos de calibración. Los inconvenientes de este documento son que se utilizan para medir exclusivamente un diámetro interior, un calibre de ranura y similares, aún cuando cuenta con un riel que permite desplazar el instrumento en un eje, no tiene la capacidad de sujetar más de un instrumento, lo que hace que la medición de otros parámetros como, temperatura, calibración de aparatos sea imprecisa ya que no es posible sustentar más de un dispositivo y al hacer el cambio del equipo de referencia con el equipo a calibrar o medir, pueden existir variaciones en las unidades a medir. Another document found is the United States patent application number US2007068219 (Al), of Gabriele Balboni, published on March 29, 2007, discloses an apparatus for the calibration of measuring instruments, such as gauge gauges and the like , includes elements to support the device, the elements for the calibration of the instrument and at least one adapter element, which maintains a desired instrument to be calibrated in the calibration elements. The disadvantages of this document are that they are used to measure exclusively an inner diameter, a groove gauge and the like, even though it has a rail that allows the instrument to be moved on an axis, it does not have the ability to hold more than one instrument, which makes the measurement of other parameters such as temperature, device calibration inaccurate since it is not possible to support more than one device and when changing the reference equipment with the equipment to be calibrated or measured, there may be variations in the units to measure.
Se localizó también la solicitud de patente de Estados Unidos de América, número ÜS5285397 (A) , con el titulo "Máquina de medición de coordenadas para la medición sin contacto de objetos", de Cari Zeiss Stiftung, publicada el 08 de febrero de 1994, dicha solicitud de patente describe una mesa en la cual está montada una pluralidad de cámaras en la periferia de dicha mesa, dejando al centro el objeto a medir, cada una de las cámaras mide un ángulo diferente del objeto, la mesa está dotada de amortiguación de las vibraciones, por lo que tanto el objeto medido, y las cámaras que proporcionan datos de triangulación para cada medición, pueden funcionar en la misma base rígida, aislado de fuentes externas de golpes. Las señales de vídeo de las cámaras son alimentadas, junto con los datos de orientación del eje óptico de instantáneas para cada cámara, a la computadora de una máquina de medición, de coordenadas. El equipo se basa en los datos de calibración almacenados y ios datos de posición angular obtenidos sobre cada uno de los ejes de rotación de las cabezas de articulación para obtener los datos de orientación y la computadora se basa, además, en el análisis de imágenes de video para calcular las coordenadas de cada punto medido en el objeto. Sin embargo este documento tiene el inconveniente de que no se pueden posicionar dos o más dispositivos midiendo o viendo hacia el mismo lugar, por lo cual por medio del aparato de la solicitud de invención de Estados Unidos, es imposible lograr la medición para calibrar un dispositivo en relación con el equipo de referencia . The US patent application, number ÜS5285397 (A), was also located with the title "Coordinate measuring machine for non-contact measurement of objects", by Cari Zeiss Stiftung, published on February 8, 1994, said patent application describes a table in which a plurality of cameras are mounted on the periphery of said table, leaving the object to be measured at the center, each of the cameras measures a different angle of the object, the table is provided with damping of the vibrations, so that both the measured object, and the cameras that provide triangulation data for each measurement, can operate on the same rigid base, isolated from external sources of shock. The video signals of the cameras are fed, together with the orientation data of the optical axis of snapshots for each camera, to the computer of a coordinate measuring machine. The equipment is based on the stored calibration data and the angular position data obtained on each of the axes of rotation of the heads of articulation to obtain the orientation data and the computer is also based on the analysis of video images to calculate the coordinates of each point measured on the object. However, this document has the disadvantage that two or more devices cannot be positioned by measuring or facing the same place, so that by means of the apparatus of the United States application for invention, it is impossible to achieve the measurement to calibrate a device in relation to the reference team.
Por último el documento D4 US6306126 (Bl) , de STRYKER LETBINGER GMBH & CO KG, publicada el 23 de octubre de 2001, describe un dispositivo de calibración para la detección de la posición, en primer lugar, del eje del vástago (eje de acción} y, en segundo lugar, del extremo frontal (punto de acción o linea de acción) de un instrumento quirúrgico con respecto a un dispositivo de determinación de posición de referencia montado en la parte trasera del instrumento, tiene: dos portadores de sujeción del dispositivo, cada uno con un dispositivo de sujeción, en un estado de sujeción de los dispositivos de sujeción con lo que el vástago del instrumento en una posición de sujeción claramente definido; una placa de soporte en la que el extremo frontal del instrumento se apoya en el estado fijado. Sin embargo, si es necesario que los dispositivos tengan un desplazamiento sobre los ejes X, Y y Z. Finally, document D4 US6306126 (Bl), of STRYKER LETBINGER GMBH & CO KG, published on October 23, 2001, describes a calibration device for the detection of the position, first, of the shaft of the rod (axis of action } and, secondly, of the front end (point of action or line of action) of a surgical instrument with respect to a reference position determining device mounted on the back of the instrument, it has: two device holders , each with a clamping device, in a clamping state of the clamping devices bringing the rod of the instrument into a clearly defined clamping position; a support plate on which the front end of the instrument rests on the fixed state, however, if it is necessary for the devices to have a displacement on the X, Y and Z axes.
Como podemos observar en los documentos referenciados como antecedentes nos damos cuenta que la calibración y medición con equipos, tiende a ser imprecisa debido a que es muy difícil para los operadores mantener el instrumento -fi¬ en sus manos exactamente en la posición correcta para la calibración óptima, o hacer el cambio entre el dispositivo de referencia y el equipo con el que se va a medir, analizar y/o calibrar; la posición en la mayor parte de veces no es la correcta ya que no coinciden en posición un dispositivo (de referencia} con el equipo a medir o calibrar. As we can see in the referenced documents as background we realize that calibration and measurement with equipment, tends to be inaccurate because it is very difficult for operators to maintain the instrument -fi ¬ in your hands exactly in the correct position for optimal calibration, or make the change between the reference device and the equipment with which you are going to measure, analyze and / or calibrate; the position in most of the times is not correct since a device (of reference) does not coincide in position with the equipment to be measured or calibrated.
Por esta razón, la industria de la medición, calibración, medición o captura de imágenes, tiene una necesidad general de medios que se pueden aplicar a los instrumentos para la medición de las características mecánicas y que la calibración permiso de calibración se lleve a cabo de forma rápida, fácil y precisa sin tener que usar un gran número de formas estándar para todas las mediciones de calibración. For this reason, the measurement, calibration, measurement or image capture industry has a general need for means that can be applied to the instruments for the measurement of mechanical characteristics and that the calibration permit calibration be carried out in Quickly, easily and accurately without having to use a large number of standard forms for all calibration measurements.
Por lo que el objeto de la presente invención es aportar un aparato de posicionamiento para medición y análisis. Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a positioning apparatus for measurement and analysis.
Los detalles característicos de la presente invención se muestran claramente en la siguiente descripción, figuras y ejemplos, que se acompañan a manera ilustrativa, por lo que no deben ser considerados como una limitante para dicha invención. The characteristic details of the present invention are clearly shown in the following description, figures and examples, which are attached by way of illustration, and therefore should not be considered as a limitation for said invention.
La figura 1 es una vista en perspectiva posterior derecha del aparato de posicionamiento para medición y análisis. igura 2 es una vista en perspectiva frontal izquierda del aparato de posicionamiento para medición y análisis. figura 3 es una vista superior del aparato de posicionamiento para medición y análisis, donde se puede apreciar diversas posiciones en las que se desplaza el cuerpo del riel sobre la pista de giro del riel. f CJU. 3. 4 es una vista en perspectiva del plato giratorio del aparato de posicionamiento para medición y análisis. muestra el diagrama eléctrico del panel control y toma de corriente del aparato posicionamiento para medición v análisis. Figure 1 is a right rear perspective view of the positioning apparatus for measurement and analysis. igura 2 is a front left perspective view of the positioning device for measurement and analysis. Figure 3 is a top view of the positioning apparatus for measurement and analysis, where you can see various positions in which the rail body moves on the track of rotation of the rail. f CJU. 3. 4 is a perspective view of the turntable of the positioning apparatus for measurement and analysis. shows the electrical diagram of the control panel and power socket of the positioning device for measurement and analysis.
La figura 6 muestra un ejemplo de cómo se calibra un instrumento de medición de temperatura por telemetría; utilizando un sistema para calibración y/o caracterización de instrumentos de medición de temperatura por telemetría y el aparato de posicionamiento para medición y análisis de la presente invención . Figure 6 shows an example of how a temperature measurement instrument is calibrated by telemetry; using a system for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measurement instruments by telemetry and the positioning apparatus for measurement and analysis of the present invention.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE ALL )A DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF ALL) A OF THE INVENTION
Para una mejor comprensión de la invención, a continuación se enlistan las partes que componen al aparato de posicionamiento para medición y análisis: 1. Estructura de soporte. For a better understanding of the invention, the parts that make up the positioning apparatus for measurement and analysis are listed below: 1. Support structure.
2. Columnas frontales,  2. Front columns,
3. Columna de giro.  3. Column of rotation.
4. Niveladores anti vibración.  4. Anti vibration levelers.
5. Placa base.  5. Motherboard.
6. Entrepaño.  6. Panel.
7. Riel.  7. Rail.
8. Soportes .  8. Stands.
9. Pista de giro.  9. Spinning track.
10. Carro de deslizamiento.  10. Sliding car.
11. Sistema de giro.  11. Turn system.
12. Freno de giro.  12. Turn brake.
13. Sistema de posicionamiento .  13. Positioning system.
14. Plataforma.  14. Platform.
15. Mecanismo de elevación.  15. Lifting mechanism.
16. Cabezal de soporte.  16. Support head.
17. Guia.  17. Guide.
18. Escala graduada.  18. Graduated scale.
19. Tablero eléctrico.  19. Electric board.
20. Base.  20. Base.
21. Freno de desplazamiento lineal.  21. Linear displacement brake.
22. Orificio.  22. Hole.
23. Sistema eléctrico muíti contactos.  23. Electrical system muíti contacts.
24. Interruptor general.  24. General switch.
25. Luminarias.  25. Luminaires.
26. Hornos de calibración.  26. Calibration ovens.
Con referencia a las figuras 1, 2 y 6, el aparato de posicionamiento para medición y análisis se constituye de una estructura de soporte (1), la cual está compuesta por, al menos, dos columnas frontales (2) y una columna de gi o (3), dichas columnas frontales (2) y de de giro (3), de ~3~ With reference to Figures 1, 2 and 6, the positioning apparatus for measurement and analysis is constituted by a support structure (1), which is composed of at least two front columns (2) and a column of gi or (3), said front (2) and turn (3) columns, of ~ 3 ~
preferencia son huecas y se encuentran unidas por una placa base (5) que se encuentra en la parte inferior de la estructura soporte (1) y al menos un entrepaño (6) que sirve para sustentar objetos; cada columna frontal (2) y de giro (3) cuenta en su parte inferior con un nivelador anti vibración (4), los cuales son de elastómero, preferentemente del grupo R (del inglés Rubber) donde la cadena principal se compone de carbono e hidrógeno y contiene dobles enlaces; específicamente caucho nitrilo, lo que permite eliminar cualquier movimiento indeseado al momento de realizar una calibración, medición y/o análisis de los instrumentos montados en el aparato de posicionamiento para medición y análisis. Preferably, they are hollow and are joined by a base plate (5) that is located at the bottom of the support structure (1) and at least one shelf (6) used to support objects; each front (2) and turning column (3) has an anti-vibration leveler (4) in its lower part, which are made of elastomer, preferably of the R group (in English Rubber) where the main chain consists of carbon e hydrogen and contains double bonds; specifically nitrile rubber, which allows eliminating any unwanted movement when calibrating, measuring and / or analyzing the instruments mounted in the positioning device for measurement and analysis.
Cada columna frontal (2) tiene en su parte superior un soporte (8) y la columna de giro (2) en su parte superior cuenta con un sistema de giro (11), el cual consiste en un balero axial de doble taza y un eje (no ilustrados). Each front column (2) has in its upper part a support (8) and the turning column (2) in its upper part has a turning system (11), which consists of an axial double cup bearing and a axis (not illustrated).
Una pista de giro (9) está configurada para ser sustentada por los soportes (8), dicha pista de giro (9) cuenta con, al menos, una perforación en su superficie. A turning track (9) is configured to be supported by the supports (8), said turning track (9) has at least one perforation on its surface.
Un riel (7) se coloca sobre la columna de giro (3) y la pista de giro (9), el riel (7) en su parte frontal que se encuentra sobre la pista de giro (9), cuenta con un carro de deslizamiento (10) que junto con el sistema de giro (11) y un sistema de posicionamiento (13) que se encuentra en la parte posterior del riel (7) permiten que dicho riel se deslice sobre la pista de giro (9), como se ilustra en la figura 3; dicho sistema de posicionamiento (13) es un perno, un émbolo, una palanca, una barra, un tornillo o la combinación de las anteriores, que permite fijar la posición en la que se desea dejar el riel (7), y al liberar dicho sistema de posicionamiento (13), el riel (7) puede tener movimiento una vez más para colocarlo en una posición diferente. En la figura 3 se aprecia un ejemplo de cómo el riel (7) del aparato de posicionamiento para medición y análisis, se desplaza en diferentes posiciones; el número de posiciones dependen de la longitud de la pista de giro ( 9) . A rail (7) is placed on the turning column (3) and the turning track (9), the rail (7) on its front that is on the turning track (9), has a carriage sliding (10) which together with the turning system (11) and a positioning system (13) located on the back of the rail (7) allow said rail to slide on the turning track (9), as It is illustrated in Figure 3; said positioning system (13) is a bolt, a plunger, a lever, a bar, a screw or the combination of the above, which allows fixing the position in which it is desired to leave the rail (7), and by releasing said positioning system (13), the rail (7) can have movement once again to place it in a different position. Figure 3 shows an example of how the rail (7) of the positioning apparatus for measurement and analysis moves in different positions; The number of positions depends on the length of the turning track (9).
En la parte frontal del riel (7) en cualquiera de sus costados tiene un freno de giro (12) , a la altura donde se encuentra el carro de deslizamiento (10) , dicho freno (12), es un perno con un resorte o un vástago, que entra en las perforaciones de la pista de giro (8), asegurando junto con el sistema de posicionamiento (13), el riel (7), en una posición deseada y que dicho riel no se mueva accidentalmente, teniendo como resultado una mala calibración, medición o análisis de los equipos. On the front of the rail (7) on either side it has a turning brake (12), at the height where the sliding carriage (10) is located, said brake (12), is a bolt with a spring or a rod, which enters the perforations of the turning track (8), securing together with the positioning system (13), the rail (7), in a desired position and that said rail does not move accidentally, resulting in a bad calibration, measurement or analysis of the equipment.
A lo largo de la parte superior del riel (7), cuenta con una guia (17) y una escala graduada (18); la guia (17) permite que una plataforma (14) giratoria se desplace sobre ella, con la finalidad de acercar, alejar o posicionar los diferentes equipos que se van a calibrar, que van a realizar una medición o análisis; la escala graduada (18) ayuda a medir la distancia entre la plataforma (14) hasta el objeto de análisis o medición. Along the top of the rail (7), it has a guide (17) and a graduated scale (18); the guide (17) allows a rotating platform (14) to move over it, in order to zoom in, out or position the different equipment to be calibrated, which will perform a measurement or analysis; The graduated scale (18) helps to measure the distance between the platform (14) to the object of analysis or measurement.
Con referencia a la figura 4, la plataforma (14) tiene, al menos, dos bases (20), las cuales tienen un mecanismo de elevación (15), que permite fijar la altura adecuada del equipo a calibrar, analizar o que hará una medición; un cabezal de soporte (16), el cual puede ser fijo o móvil en -illa base (20) , permitiendo fijar el equipo a calibrar, analizar o que hará la medición a dicha base, el cabezal de soporte (16) está configurado para que permita mover en los ejes "X", "Y" y "Z", al equipo que se va a calibrar, analizar o que hará la medición. With reference to figure 4, the platform (14) has at least two bases (20), which have a lifting mechanism (15), which allows to set the appropriate height of the equipment to be calibrated, analyzed or that will make a measurement; a support head (16), which can be fixed or mobile in -basis base (20), allowing to fix the equipment to be calibrated, analyzed or that will make the measurement to said base, the support head (16) is configured to allow moving in the axes "X", "Y" and "Z ", to the equipment to be calibrated, analyzed or that will make the measurement.
La plataforma (14) gira por medio de un balero; y para obligar a que se detenga en una posición definida, la plataforma (14) en su parte inferior tiene, ai menos, una muesca (no ilustrada) , la cual es penetrada por un balín tensionado por un resorte (no ilustrado) permitiendo interrumpir el movimiento rotacional de la plataforma en una posición definida. Para facilitar el movimiento rotacional de manera manual de la plataforma (14), ésta cuenta con, al menos, un orificio (22) en el interior de la circunferencia, formando circunferencias interiores excéntricas . The platform (14) rotates by means of a bearing; and to force it to stop in a defined position, the platform (14) in its lower part has, at least, a notch (not illustrated), which is penetrated by a spring-tensioned pellet (not illustrated) allowing interruption the rotational movement of the platform in a defined position. To facilitate the rotational movement of the platform manually (14), it has at least one hole (22) inside the circumference, forming eccentric inner circumferences.
El centro de la plataforma (14) cuenta con un freno de desplazamiento lineal (21), el cuál al ser activado ejerce presión sobre el riel (7) para detener el movimiento lineal de la plataforma (14); el freno de desplazamiento lineal (21), puede ser un perno, un émbolo, una palanca, una barra, un tornillo o la combinación de las anteriores. The center of the platform (14) has a linear displacement brake (21), which when activated exerts pressure on the rail (7) to stop the linear movement of the platform (14); The linear displacement brake (21) can be a bolt, a piston, a lever, a bar, a screw or the combination of the above.
Con referencia en la figura 5 y 2, un tablero eléctrico (19) de control se sitúa en cualquiera de los costados del riel (7); dicho tablero eléctrico (19) aloja un interruptor general (24) , que energiza todo el aparato, un segundo y tercer interruptor controlan unas luminarias (25) que se encuentran en la parte inferior del riel (7) que sirven de apoyo al operador del aparato de posicionamíento para medición y análisis con luz indirecta, donde dichas luminarias de preferencia son LED's (light-emitting diode: 'diodo emisor de luz'); y, un sistema eléctrico multi contacto (23) de tomas eléctricas de receptáculo mixto aterrizadas a 110-125V / 60 Hz / 15A teniendo una capacidad de hasta 1,875W. Este sistema eléctrico multi contactos permite el enchufe de equipos tipo europeo o americano; para efectos de desmontado del riel, la instalación eléctrica es oculta y está dotada de un conector tipo hermafrodita que facilita la conexión o desconexión del. riel (7) de su estructura de soporte (1). With reference in FIGS. 5 and 2, an electrical control panel (19) is located on either side of the rail (7); said electrical panel (19) houses a general switch (24), which energizes the entire apparatus, a second and third switch controls luminaires (25) that are located at the bottom of the rail (7) that support the operator of the positioning device for measurement and analysis with light indirect, where said luminaries of preference are LED ' s (light-emitting diode:' light emitting diode '); and, a multi-contact electrical system (23) of mixed receptacle electrical sockets grounded at 110-125V / 60 Hz / 15A having a capacity of up to 1,875W. This multi-contact electrical system allows the plug of European or American type equipment; For the purpose of dismantling the rail, the electrical installation is hidden and is equipped with a hermaphroditic connector that facilitates the connection or disconnection of the. rail (7) of its support structure (1).
Los siguientes ejemplos ilustran una manera preferente, de cómo llevar a cabo la realización de la presente invención,, por lo que no deben ser considerados como limitativos de la misma. The following examples illustrate a preferred way of how to carry out the realization of the present invention, so they should not be considered as limiting thereof.
Ejemplo 1. Un método de calibración y/o caracterización con mayor exactitud de instrumentos de medición de temperatura por telemetría, donde se utiliza el aparato de posicionamiento para medición y análisis objeto de la presente invención. Example 1. A method of calibration and / or characterization with greater accuracy of temperature measuring instruments by telemetry, where the positioning apparatus for measurement and analysis object of the present invention is used.
El método consta de los siguientes pasos: a) Recabar información del instrumento a calibrar; The method consists of the following steps: a) Collect information on the instrument to be calibrated;
b) Limpiar el instrumento a medir, como termómetro infrarrojo de radiación o cámara termográfica; b) Clean the instrument to be measured, such as infrared radiation thermometer or thermal imager;
c) Acondicionar el horno eléctrico a utilizar, con base al intervalo de medición de los hornos (26) y del intervalo de medición del instrumento a medir IBC (instrumento bajo calibración ) . d) Realizar y registrar una inspección visual; c) Condition the electric oven to be used, based on the measuring range of the ovens (26) and the measuring range of the instrument to be measured IBC (instrument under calibration). d) Perform and record a visual inspection;
e) Calibrar y/o caracterizar los instrumentos de medición de temperatura por telemetría con base a la siguiente descripción del proceso de calibración, siempre y cuando el instrumento a medir pase satisfactoriamente la inspección visual, y no hay inconveniente-para realizar la calibración, se procede a: e) Calibrate and / or characterize the telemetry temperature measurement instruments based on the following description of the calibration process, as long as the instrument to be measured passes the visual inspection satisfactorily, and there is no inconvenience - to perform the calibration, proceed to:
1) Encender el horno (26) eléctrico y con ayuda del controlador de temperatura con rampa digital; se programa con la primer temperatura solicitada a calibrar;  1) Turn on the electric oven (26) and with the help of the temperature controller with digital ramp; it is programmed with the first temperature requested to be calibrated;
2) Esperar el tiempo suficiente para que el horno (26) eléctrico llegue a su estabilidad; la rampa del controlador de temperatura permite que el horno (26) se mantenga estable por un tiempo considerable y adecuado para realizar las mediciones de temperatura con los diversos equipos de medición: equipos patrón e instrumento a medir;  2) Wait long enough for the electric oven (26) to reach stability; the ramp of the temperature controller allows the oven (26) to remain stable for a considerable time and adequate to perform temperature measurements with the various measuring equipment: standard equipment and instrument to be measured;
3) Colocar en aparato de posicionamiento para medición y análisis, acomodando la estructura de soporte (1) de tal manera que las columnas frontales (2) queden justo frente al sistema para calibración y/o caracterización de instrumentos de medición de temperatura por telemetría, con la finalidad de que el carro de deslizamiento (10) del riel (7), con la ayuda del sistema de giro (11) que se encuentra sobre los soportes (8) que se encuentran en la parte superior de la columna de giro (3) , le permita desplazarse por la pista de giro (9), apuntando a cualquiera de los tres hornos (26) , asegurando los niveladores anti vibración (4) para evitar que el aparato de posicionamiento para medición y análisis, tenga alguna vibración que afecte con la medición y análisis de los equipos. 3) Place in positioning apparatus for measurement and analysis, accommodating the support structure (1) in such a way that the front columns (2) are just in front of the system for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measurement instruments by telemetry, in order that the slide carriage (10) of the rail (7), with the help of the turning system (11) that is located on the supports (8) that are located at the top of the turning column ( 3), allow you to move along the turning track (9), pointing to any of the three ovens (26), securing the anti-vibration levelers (4) to prevent the positioning device for measurement and analysis, have any vibration that affects the measurement and analysis of the equipment.
4} Colocar en los cabezales de soporte (16) de las bases (20) que se encuentran en la plataforma (14) del aparato de posicionamiento para medición y análisis, tanto los equipos patrón o de referencia, como el instrumento a medir IBC, revisando que ambos instrumentos de medición tengan la misma emisividad programada. Si es necesario, los equipos patrón o de referencia, como el instrumento a medir IBC, se pueden conectar al sistema eléctrico multi contactos 4} Place on the support heads (16) of the bases (20) that are located on the platform (14) of the positioning device for measurement and analysis, both the standard or reference equipment, and the instrument to be measured IBC, checking that both measuring instruments have the same programmed emissivity. If necessary, the standard or reference equipment, such as the IBC instrument, can be connected to the multi-contact electrical system
(23) y posteriormente encender el interruptor general(23) and then turn on the main switch
(24) que se encuentra en el tablero eléctrico, para energizar los contactos y poder utilizar las luminarias (25) en caso de ser necesario,, por ejemplo, tomar algo del entrepaño (6) o de la placa base (5) . (24) found on the electrical panel, to energize the contacts and to be able to use the luminaires (25) if necessary, for example, take something from the panel (6) or the base plate (5).
5} Ubicar la plataforma (14) con los equipos patrón o de referencia, como el instrumento a medir IBC, a la distancia adecuada y elegida; esto moviendo la plataforma (14) por medio de la guia (17) y la distancia se mide utilizando la escala graduada (18), tomando como base el campo visual, una vez colocada la plataforma (14) en el lugar indicado, se acciona el freno de desplazamiento lineal (21) y asegurar el sistema de posicionamiento (13) para asegurar la posición deseada; y posteriormente se deben nivelar las bases (20) por medio del mecanismo de elevación (15), y alinear el cabezal de soporte (16) con dirección hacia la cavidad cilindrica de cuerpo negro del horno eléctrico.  5} Locate the platform (14) with the standard or reference equipment, such as the instrument to be measured IBC, at the appropriate and chosen distance; this moving the platform (14) by means of the guide (17) and the distance is measured using the graduated scale (18), based on the visual field, once the platform (14) is placed in the indicated place, it is activated the linear displacement brake (21) and securing the positioning system (13) to ensure the desired position; and then the bases (20) must be leveled by means of the lifting mechanism (15), and align the support head (16) with direction towards the cylindrical cavity of the black body of the electric oven.
5} Se realiza una prueba de posicionamiento, si es posible y el instrumento a medir lo permite, con un apuntador láser se hace la prueba de alineación, asegurando que los centros tanto de los equipos patrón, como del instrumento a medir IBC y el centro de la cavidad cilindrica de cuerpo negro queden alineadas con referencia a su centro, 5} A positioning test is carried out, if possible and the instrument to be measured allows it, with a laser pointer is the alignment test, ensuring that the centers of both the standard equipment, and the instrument to be measured IBC and the center of the black body cylindrical cavity are aligned with reference to its center,
6a) Para el caso de calibrar termómetros de radiación infrarroja, las lecturas se tomarán de la siguiente manera: (LP-L IBC- L IBC -LP-LP™ L IBC - L IBC -LP-LP- L IBC - L IBC -LP) , donde: Lp corresponde a la lectura del pirómetro patrón y L IBC corresponde a la lectura del instrumento a calibrar, 6b) Para el caso de calibrar equipos o cámaras termográficas , las lecturas se tomarán de la siguiente manera: (LP- Cp - L IBC- L IBC - Cp - LP- LP- Cp - L IBC - L IBC - Cp - LP - LP- Cp - L IBC - L IBC - Cp -LP) , donde: Cp corresponde a la lectura de la cámara termográfica patrón.  6a) In the case of calibrating infrared radiation thermometers, the readings shall be taken as follows: (LP-L IBC- L IBC -LP-LP ™ L IBC - L IBC -LP-LP- L IBC - L IBC - LP), where: Lp corresponds to the reading of the standard pyrometer and L IBC corresponds to the reading of the instrument to be calibrated, 6b) In the case of calibrating equipment or thermal imaging cameras, the readings will be taken as follows: (LP-Cp - L IBC- L IBC - Cp - LP- LP- Cp - L IBC - L IBC - Cp - LP - LP- Cp - L IBC - L IBC - Cp -LP), where: Cp corresponds to the camera reading thermographic pattern.
7) Se anota tanto al principio, como al final de cada punto de medición, la temperatura ambiente cercana al instrumento IBC. También se considera el registro del valor de la emisi idad a la cual se está trabajando, spot utilizado, distancia real de posición a la cavidad cilindrica del cuerpo negro y su respuesta espectral del instrumento IBC,  7) The ambient temperature close to the IBC instrument is recorded both at the beginning and at the end of each measurement point. It is also considered the registration of the value of the emissivity to which one is working, used spot, real position distance to the cylindrical cavity of the black body and its spectral response of the IBC instrument,
8) Se mide con los diferentes instrumentos de medición: En este momento, el pirómetro patrón mide la temperatura del horno eléctrico, y se registra de manera manual en una PC, cuando la temperatura mostrada en la pantalla de salida de datos ha sido estabilizada. Acto seguido, se mide la temperatura con una cámara termográfica patrón y se registra de manera manual y se toma una imagen termográfica con una cámara termográfica patrón, la cual se almacena -leen su memoria interna y descargada posteriormente en una PC y finalmente el instrumento a medir, como: termómetros infrarrojos o cámaras termográficas mide la temperatura del horno eléctrico, y se registra de manera manual en una PC. 8) It is measured with the different measuring instruments: At this time, the standard pyrometer measures the temperature of the electric oven, and is manually registered on a PC, when the temperature shown on the data output screen has been stabilized. Then, the temperature is measured with a standard thermal imager and recorded manually and a thermal image is taken with a standard thermal imager, which is stored - they read their internal memory and subsequently downloaded to a PC and finally the instrument to be measured, such as: infrared thermometers or thermographic cameras measures the temperature of the electric oven, and is manually registered on a PC.
9) Repetir esta serie de pasos como mínimo cinco veces y llevar a cabo los correspondientes registros de temperatura.  9) Repeat this series of steps at least five times and carry out the corresponding temperature records.
10) Las mediciones de temperatura provenientes de los sensores, ubicados en la parte posterior tanto de los anillos metálicos difusores térmicos concéntricos, como de los sensores de la cavidad cilindrica de cuerpo negro 2 , son adquiridas electrónicamente mediante el adquisidor de datos y transmitidos de manera electrónica a una PC.  10) The temperature measurements from the sensors, located on the back of both the concentric thermal diffuser metal rings, as well as the sensors of the black-body cylindrical cavity 2, are acquired electronically through the data acquisition and transmitted in a manner electronics to a PC.
11) Los datos recolectados de los equipos patrón, de los instrumentos a medir y los sensores de temperaturas del horno eléctrico, así como las lecturas de las temperaturas que definen los gradientes térmicos (to adas co la cámara termográfica patrón) de los anillos metálicos difusores térmicos concéntricos del disco con gradiente térmico, se alimenta a dicha PC y mediante el software, se realizan los cálculos matemáticos necesarios para determinar el comportamiento del instrumento a medir, tomando como método de calibración el de comparación directa, pues con el sistema de anillos metálicos difusores térmicos concéntricos , ubicados en el disco con gradiente térmico, además de conocer la temperatura de la cavidad cilindrica de cuerpo negro y su trazabilidad con referencia al pirómetro patrón, permite conocer el tamaño del gradiente térmico y por lo tanto, se podrán caracterizar los equipos o cámaras termográficos, pues se conoce el comportamiento de la temperatura a lo largo del disco con gradiente térmico. Obteniendo con ello un perfil de temperaturas radial partiendo del centro de la cavidad cilindrica del cuerpo negro, hasta el extremo del disco con gradiente térmico. 11) The data collected from the standard equipment, the instruments to be measured and the temperature sensors of the electric furnace, as well as the temperature readings that define the thermal gradients (all co with the standard thermographic camera) of the diffuser metal rings thermal concentric of the disk with thermal gradient, it is fed to said PC and by means of the software, the necessary mathematical calculations are made to determine the behavior of the instrument to be measured, taking as a method of calibration the one of direct comparison, because with the system of metallic rings concentric thermal diffusers, located on the disc with thermal gradient, in addition to knowing the temperature of the black body cylindrical cavity and its traceability with reference to the standard pyrometer, allows to know the size of the thermal gradient and therefore, They will be able to characterize the thermographic equipment or cameras, since the behavior of the temperature along the disk with thermal gradient is known. Thus obtaining a radial temperature profile starting from the center of the cylindrical cavity of the black body, to the end of the disc with thermal gradient.
12) En caso de que el instrumento a medir sea una cámara termográfica, específicamente hablando, se considera este paso adicional para realizar la caracterización de la misma y se realiza de la siguiente manera:  12) If the instrument to be measured is a thermal imager, specifically speaking, this additional step is considered to perform the characterization of the same and is performed as follows:
i. La cámara termográfica patrón, toma una imagen termográfica, captando con ello, lecturas de temperatura del frente de horno eléctrico, en diferentes posiciones, siempre preferentemente se debe incluir en la medición al menos 1/8 del área del centro de la cavidad cilindrica de cuerpo negro, con lo cual, el detector del equipo termográfico a medir tomará (censará) el valor máximo de temperatura en diferentes zonas de su área del detector, logrando con ello determinar el comportamiento del detector del instrumento a calibrar y con ello su caracterización en diferentes cuadrantes, determinando su comportamiento ii. Después de tomada la imagen termográfica, se almacena en la memoria interna y descargada posteriormente en una PC.  i. The standard thermal imager takes a thermographic image, thereby capturing temperature readings of the electric furnace front, in different positions, at least 1/8 of the center area of the cylindrical body cavity must always be included in the measurement black, with which, the detector of the thermographic equipment to be measured will take (censor) the maximum temperature value in different areas of its detector area, thereby determining the behavior of the detector of the instrument to be calibrated and thus its characterization in different quadrants, determining their behavior ii. After the thermal image has been taken, it is stored in the internal memory and subsequently downloaded to a PC.
iii. Esta toma de imágenes termográficas se realiza por lo menos cuatro veces en díferentes posiciones abarcando al menos 1/8 del área del centro de la cavidad de cuerpo negro. iii. This thermal imaging is done at least four times in different positions covering at least 1/8 of the center area of the black body cavity.
13) Elaborar el certificado de calibración de manera electrónica, considerando todos los datos adquiridos por medio del adquisidor de datos y transferidos a la PC. Este documento involucra dar a conocer las mediciones tomadas durante el proceso de calibración, asi como las desviaciones que el instrumento a medir tenga con referencia a los equipos patrón, precisando el error que éste tiene y su incertidumbre asociada en base a las variables que tuvieron afectación sobre la medición durante el proceso de calibración.  13) Prepare the calibration certificate electronically, considering all the data acquired through the data acquirer and transferred to the PC. This document involves making known the measurements taken during the calibration process, as well as the deviations that the instrument to measure has with reference to the standard equipment, specifying the error that it has and its associated uncertainty based on the variables that were affected about the measurement during the calibration process.
La incertidumbre estimada que se le asocia al método cuando la calibra en temperatura es la resultante de la lectura de temperatura de la cámara termográfica en condiciones de repetibilidad menos la corrección de la emisividad menos la temperatura de la cavidad cilindrica de cuerpo negro obtenida con referencia al pirómetro patrón;  The estimated uncertainty associated with the method when the temperature calibration is the result of the temperature reading of the thermal imager under repeatability conditions minus the emissivity correction minus the temperature of the black body cylindrical cavity obtained with reference to standard pyrometer;
La incertidumbre estimada que se le asocia al método cuando la calibración se. lleva a cabo en diferencias de temperatura (gradiente térmico} es la diferencia promedio de temperaturas medidas con la cámara termográfica entre dos posiciones determinadas del disco con gradiente térmico menos la diferencia de temperatura promedio determinadas con termopares arreglados en forma diferencial entre dos puntos en posiciones determinadas del disco con gradiente térmico, menos las correcciones de diferencia de temperatura determinadas por factores de instalación de los termopares, correcciones de la sensibilidad debida a la temperatura, factores de trans erencia de calor por convección, menos las correcciones de las posiciones geométricas de los termopares en el disco y las determinadas por la interpolación de los gradientes de temperatura entre dos puntos, menos las correcciones debidas a la eraisividad tales como los cambios en la misma debidos a la temperatura. The estimated uncertainty associated with the method when the calibration is. carried out in temperature differences (thermal gradient} is the average difference of temperatures measured with the thermal imager between two determined positions of the disk with thermal gradient minus the average temperature difference determined with thermocouples arranged differentially between two points in certain positions of the disk with thermal gradient, less the corrections of temperature difference determined by factors of installation of the thermocouples, corrections of the sensitivity due to the temperature, transference factors of heat by convection, less the corrections of the geometric positions of the thermocouples in the disk and those determined by the interpolation of the temperature gradients between two points, less the corrections due to the eraisivity such as the changes in it due to the temperature .
El invento ha sido descrito suficientemente como para que una persona con conocimientos medios en la materia pueda reproducir y obtener los resultados que mencionamos en la presente invención. Sin embargo, cualquier persona hábil en el campo de la técnica que compete el presente invento puede ser capaz de hacer modificaciones no descritas en la presente solicitud, sin embargo, si para la aplicación de estas modificaciones en una estructura determinada o en el proceso de manufactura del mismo, se requiere de la materia reclamada en las siguientes reivindicaciones, dichas estructuras deberán ser comprendidas dentro del alcance de la invención. The invention has been described sufficiently that a person with average knowledge in the field can reproduce and obtain the results mentioned in the present invention. However, any skilled person in the field of the art that is in charge of the present invention may be able to make modifications not described in the present application, however, if for the application of these modifications in a given structure or in the manufacturing process thereof, the matter claimed in the following claims is required, said structures must be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES Habiendo descrito suficientemente la invención, se reclama como propiedad lo contenido en las siguientes cláusulas reivindicatorías . CLAIMS Having sufficiently described the invention, the content of the following claims clauses is claimed as property.
1. Un aparato de posicionamiento para medición y análisis, que comprende : 1. A positioning device for measurement and analysis, comprising:
i, una estructura de soporte (1) formada por, al menos, dos columnas frontales {2} y una columna de airo (3), unidas por una placa base (5) que se encuentra en la parte inferior de la estructura soporte (1) y al menos un entrepaño (6);  i, a support structure (1) formed by at least two front columns {2} and an air column (3), joined by a base plate (5) that is located at the bottom of the support structure ( 1) and at least one shelf (6);
ii. al menos, un nivelador anti vibración (4), en la parte inferior de cada columna de la estructura (1) ;  ii. at least one anti-vibration leveler (4), at the bottom of each column of the structure (1);
iii. un soporte (8), se coloca en la parte superior de cada columna frontal (2);  iii. a support (8), is placed on top of each front column (2);
iv, un sistema de giro (11), está en la parte superior de la columna de giro (3);  iv, a turning system (11), is at the top of the turning column (3);
v. una pista de giro (9), configurada para ser sustentada por los soportes (8);  v. a turning track (9), configured to be supported by the supports (8);
vi. un riel (7), se coloca sobre la columna de giro (3) y la pista de giro (9), dicho riel en su parte frontal en la porción que está en contacto con la pista de giro (3) tiene un carro de deslizamiento (10), y en la parte posterior cuenta con un sistema de posicionamiento (.13), y en un costado del riel (7), en la misma porción de la parte frontal que se encuentra en contacto con la pista de giro (9), cuenta con un freno de giro (12);  saw. a rail (7), is placed on the turning column (3) and the turning track (9), said rail in its front part in the portion that is in contact with the turning track (3) has a carriage of sliding (10), and on the back it has a positioning system (.13), and on one side of the rail (7), in the same portion of the front part that is in contact with the turning track ( 9), it has a turning brake (12);
vil. una guía (17), se encuentra en la parte superior del riel ( 7 ) ; viii. una escala graduada (18) se coloca en la parte superior del riel (7) a un lado de la guia (17); ix. una plataforma (14) se desliza a lo largo del riel (7), por medio de la guia (17); vile. a guide (17) is located at the top of the rail (7); viii a graduated scale (18) is placed on the top of the rail (7) on one side of the guide (17); ix. a platform (14) slides along the rail (7), by means of the guide (17);
x. al menos, una base (20) se encuentra sobre un mecanismo de elevación (15), posicionado sobre la plataforma (14);  x. at least one base (20) is located on a lifting mechanism (15), positioned on the platform (14);
xi. Un cabezal de soporte (16) configurado para asegurar los equipos de medición, análisis y/o calibració se encuentra en la base (20);  xi. A support head (16) configured to ensure measurement, analysis and / or calibration equipment is located in the base (20);
xii. Un freno de desplazamiento lineal (21), se coloca en el centro de la plataforma (14), el cual permite asegurar una posición definida de la plataforma;  xii. A linear displacement brake (21) is placed in the center of the platform (14), which ensures a defined position of the platform;
xiii. un tablero eléctrico (19) de control se sitúa en cualquiera de los costados del riel (7) para energizar el aparato; y, xiii. an electrical control panel (19) is placed on either side of the rail (7) to energize the apparatus; Y,
xiv. al menos, una luminaria (25) , se encuentra en la parte inferior del riel (7), encima del entrepaño (6) la cual es energizada por medio del tablero eléctrico .  xiv. At least one luminaire (25) is located at the bottom of the rail (7), above the shelf (6) which is energized by means of the electrical panel.
2, El aparato de posicionainiento de la reivindicación anterior, donde las columnas frontales (2) y de giro (3) de preferencia son huecas. 2, The positioning apparatus of the preceding claim, wherein the front (2) and turning columns (3) are preferably hollow.
3, El aparato de conformidad con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, donde los niveladores anti vibración (4) son de elastómero. 3, The apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the anti-vibration levelers (4) are made of elastomer.
4, El aparato de la reivindicación 3, donde el elastómero es preferentemente del grupo R. 4, The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the elastomer is preferably of the R group.
5. El aparato según las reivindicaciones 3 y 4, donde el eiastóraero es caucho nitriio. 5. The apparatus according to claims 3 and 4, wherein the eiastora is nitrile rubber.
6. El aparato de posicionamiento de las reivindicaciones anteriores, donde el sistema de giro (11) es un balero axial de doble taza y un eje. 6. The positioning apparatus of the preceding claims, wherein the turning system (11) is an axial double cup bearing and a shaft.
7. El aparato de conformidad con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, donde la pista de giro (9) cuenta con, al menos, una perforación en su superficie. 7. The apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the turning track (9) has at least one perforation on its surface.
8. El aparato según las reivindicaciones precedentes, donde el sistema de posicionamiento (13) es un perno, un émbolo, una palanca, una barra, un tornillo y/o la combinación de las anteriores. The apparatus according to the preceding claims, wherein the positioning system (13) is a bolt, a plunger, a lever, a bar, a screw and / or the combination of the foregoing.
9. El aparato definido en las reivindicaciones anteriores, donde el freno de giro (12) un perno con un resorte o un vástago, que entra en las perforaciones de la pista de giro (8 ) . The apparatus defined in the preceding claims, wherein the turning brake (12) a bolt with a spring or a rod, which enters the perforations of the turning track (8).
10. El aparato según las reivindicaciones anteriores, donde el riel (7) toma posiciones determinadas sobre la pista de giro (9) sin perder concen ricidad , 10. The apparatus according to the preceding claims, wherein the rail (7) takes certain positions on the turning track (9) without losing concentration,
11. El aparato según las reivindicaciones precedentes, donde el cabezal de soporte (16) es fijo o móvil. 11. The apparatus according to the preceding claims, wherein the support head (16) is fixed or mobile.
12. El aparato de conformidad con la reivindicación 11, donde el cabezal de soporte (16) está configurado para que permita mover en los ejes "X", "Y" y "Z". 12. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the support head (16) is configured to allow movement in the "X", "Y" and "Z" axes.
13. SI aparato según las reivindicaciones anteriores, donde la plataforma (14) tiene movimiento rotacional. ¿í3 13. SI apparatus according to the preceding claims, wherein the platform (14) has rotational movement. ¿Í3
14. El aparato de conformidad con la reivindicación 13, donde el movimiento rotacional es por medio de un balero .  14. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the rotational movement is by means of a bearing.
15. El aparato de las reivindicaciones anteriores, donde la plataforma {14} en su parte inferior tiene, al menos, una muesca, la cual es penetrada por un balín tensionado por un resorte permitiendo interrumpi el movimiento rotacional de la plataforma en una posición definida . 15. The apparatus of the preceding claims, wherein the platform {14} in its lower part has at least one notch, which is penetrated by a spring-tensioned pellet allowing the rotational movement of the platform to be interrupted in a defined position .
16. El aparato según las reivindicaciones anteriores, donde el freno de desplazamiento lineal (21) , es un perno, un émbolo, una palanca, una barra, un tornillo y/o la combinación de las anteriores. 16. The apparatus according to the preceding claims, wherein the linear displacement brake (21) is a bolt, a piston, a lever, a bar, a screw and / or the combination of the foregoing.
17. El aparato según las reivindicaciones anteriores, donde el tablero eléctrico (19) aloja un interruptor general (24) , que energiza todo el aparato, un segundo y tercer interruptor para controlan las luminarias (25), y un sistema eléctrico multi contacto (23). 17. The apparatus according to the preceding claims, wherein the electrical panel (19) houses a general switch (24), which energizes the entire apparatus, a second and third switch for controlling the luminaires (25), and a multi-contact electrical system ( 2. 3).
18. El aparato de conformidad con la reivindicación 17, donde el sistema eléctrico multi contacto (23) es de tomas eléctricas de receptáculo mixto aterrizadas a 110-125V / 60 Hz / 15A teniendo una capacidad de hasta 1, 875W. 18. The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein the multi contact electrical system (23) is of mixed receptacle electrical sockets grounded at 110-125V / 60 Hz / 15A having a capacity of up to 1,875W.
19. El aparato de conformidad con las reivindicaciones 17 y 18, donde la instalación eléctrica es oculta. 19. The apparatus according to claims 17 and 18, wherein the electrical installation is hidden.
20. El aparato de conformidad con las reivindicaciones 17, 18 y 19, donde la instalación eléctrica está dotada de un conector tipo hermafrodita que facilita la conexión o desconexión del riel (7) de su estructura de soporte (1) . 20. The apparatus according to claims 17, 18 and 19, wherein the electrical installation is provided with a hermaphrodite-type connector that facilitates the connection or disconnection of the rail (7) of its support structure (1).
21. El aparato de las reivindicaciones anteriores, donde las luminarias (25} son LED's. 21. The apparatus of the preceding claims, wherein the luminaires (25} are LED's.
PCT/MX2015/000148 2014-11-14 2015-11-13 Positioning appliance for measurement and analysis WO2016076701A1 (en)

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CN112629579A (en) * 2020-12-15 2021-04-09 深圳中科飞测科技股份有限公司 Calibration mechanism and detection system

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