WO2016074446A1 - 一种频谱资源自优化的节能方法、装置和系统 - Google Patents

一种频谱资源自优化的节能方法、装置和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016074446A1
WO2016074446A1 PCT/CN2015/077693 CN2015077693W WO2016074446A1 WO 2016074446 A1 WO2016074446 A1 WO 2016074446A1 CN 2015077693 W CN2015077693 W CN 2015077693W WO 2016074446 A1 WO2016074446 A1 WO 2016074446A1
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cell
resource
bandwidth
satisfies
optimization condition
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PCT/CN2015/077693
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English (en)
French (fr)
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纪勇
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/02—Resource partitioning among network components, e.g. reuse partitioning
    • H04W16/10—Dynamic resource partitioning
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • This paper relates to the field of energy-saving technologies for self-optimization of spectrum resources, and in particular relates to a method, device and system for self-optimization of spectrum resources.
  • the Gartner consulting report shows that the direct impact of the ICT (Information Communication Technology) industry on global greenhouse gas emissions accounts for 2 to 2.5%, of which the communications industry accounts for about 1/4 of the total, and the annual electricity consumption has exceeded 20 billion kWh; According to the calculation, the energy consumption of the base station equipment accounts for 90% of the energy consumption of the entire mobile communication network equipment, and accounts for 60% to 70% of the total power consumption of the communication operator. The energy saving of the base station becomes the key to energy conservation of the entire mobile communication network. How to reduce the power consumption of the base station has become a topic of environmental protection and cost that communication operators pay attention to.
  • ICT Information Communication Technology
  • the industry's proposals for base station energy saving include: cell shutdown, symbol shutdown, etc., all of which have their own shortcomings.
  • KPI Key Performance Indicator
  • the resource usage (user number, RB utilization, throughput) of each cell has periodicity while maintaining the difference with other cells. Sex.
  • symbolic shutdown has effect, but energy saving is not complete.
  • the 3GPP protocol defines six bandwidths of LTE system: 1.4MHz, 3MHz, 5MHz, 10MHz, 15MHz, 20MHz, different bandwidths, and the same reference signal (Reference Signal, referred to as RS) power, with the same coverage effect, but the power consumption is obvious.
  • RS Reference Signal
  • the method of CN200810218058 describes that the base station dynamically adjusts the system bandwidth based on the number of users and the utilization of the MAC resources.
  • the adjustment time of the method belongs to the second level, the granularity is too small, and the bursty and tidal nature of the base station data service may cause repeated bandwidth adjustment. The result is a poor user experience.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a spectrum resource self-optimizing energy-saving method and device And a system for solving the problem that the cell idle state judgment in the related art is inaccurate and the cell power resource is wasted.
  • a self-optimizing energy saving method for spectrum resources including:
  • the cell that meets the resource optimization condition is determined according to the resource usage trend of the cell that meets the resource optimization condition, and the bandwidth applicable to the cell that satisfies the resource optimization condition is determined, and according to the bandwidth width, the cell that satisfies the resource optimization condition is determined.
  • Redistributing the frequency band, wherein the resource optimization condition comprises: within the predicted resource idle period.
  • the resource optimization condition further includes: reaching a set resource optimization adjustment period, and/or, the current resource utilization is lower than the set first threshold.
  • the step of establishing a resource state model of the cell based on historical key performance indicator KPI data of the cell includes:
  • the KPI data of the D day of the cell is counted, and the resource usage of each time segment of the cell is analyzed to obtain a resource state model of the cell; wherein D is a preset value.
  • the step of determining the applicable bandwidth of the cell that meets the resource optimization condition includes:
  • the resource usage trend corresponding to the cell that meets the resource optimization condition is determined, and the applicable bandwidth of the cell that satisfies the resource optimization condition is determined, and the cell that meets the resource optimization condition is re-allocated according to the bandwidth width.
  • the steps of the frequency band include:
  • the time granularity of the cell resource state model is a period, and the corresponding time is reached according to the arrival time of each period.
  • the resource usage trend determines the bandwidth applicable to the cell that meets the resource optimization condition in the period, and determines whether the bandwidth is the same as the bandwidth of the current application. When not different, the width of the currently determined bandwidth is used to optimize the resource.
  • the cell reassigns the band.
  • the method further includes:
  • the resource parameter of the cell that satisfies the resource optimization condition is restored to the original value; and the satisfying the exit resource optimization condition includes: the resource idle time period ends, or the current resource utilization rate is higher than The set second threshold.
  • the method further includes:
  • the terminal of the cell Before the step of reallocating the frequency band for the cell that satisfies the resource optimization condition, the terminal of the cell is switched to the neighboring cell;
  • the resource parameter change information is notified to the neighboring cell, and the terminal that satisfies the handover condition is switched back to the original cell.
  • the method further includes:
  • the terminal of the cell that satisfies the resource optimization condition is switched to the neighboring cell;
  • the resource parameter recovery information is notified to the neighboring cell, and the terminal that satisfies the switching condition is switched back to the original cell.
  • the step of reallocating a frequency band for the cell that meets the resource optimization condition includes:
  • the determined bandwidth width is a frequency band selection unit, and the principle of reducing inter-cell interference is adopted, and a frequency band selected in the determined bandwidth is allocated to the cell that satisfies the resource optimization condition.
  • the step of selecting a frequency band allocated to the cell that meets the resource optimization condition in the original bandwidth includes:
  • a network management server includes a modeling module, a prediction module, and an output module, wherein
  • the modeling module is configured to: establish a resource state model of the cell based on historical KPI data of the cell;
  • the prediction module is configured to: predict a resource usage trend of the cell and a resource idle period according to a resource state model of the cell;
  • the output module is configured to: output the resource usage trend of the predicted cell and the resource idle period information to the corresponding base station, so that the base station performs resource optimization according to the resource usage trend of the cell and the resource idle period.
  • a base station includes an information receiving module and a resource optimization module, wherein
  • the information receiving module is configured to: acquire a resource usage trend of the cell and a resource idle period information predicted by the network management server according to the resource state model of the cell;
  • the resource optimization module is configured to: determine, according to the resource usage trend of the cell that meets the resource optimization condition, the bandwidth applicable to the cell that satisfies the resource optimization condition, according to the bandwidth of the bandwidth, And reallocating the frequency band for the cell that satisfies the resource optimization condition; the resource optimization condition includes: in the predicted resource idle time period.
  • the resource optimization module is configured to determine, according to the manner, the bandwidth applicable to the cell that meets the resource optimization condition:
  • the resource optimization module is configured to determine, according to the resource usage trend corresponding to the cell that meets the resource optimization condition, the bandwidth applicable to the cell that meets the resource optimization condition, And reallocating the frequency band for the cell that satisfies the resource optimization condition according to the width of the bandwidth:
  • the time granularity of the resource state model of the cell that satisfies the resource optimization condition is a period, and the bandwidth used by the cell in the period is determined according to the resource usage trend of the cell at the arrival time of each period, and the bandwidth and the current application are determined. Whether the bandwidths are the same or not, when different, the frequency band is reallocated for the cell with the width of the currently determined bandwidth.
  • the resource optimization condition further includes: reaching a set resource optimization adjustment period, and/or, the current resource utilization is lower than the set first threshold.
  • the resource optimization module is further configured to:
  • the resource parameter of the cell that satisfies the resource optimization condition is restored to the original value; wherein the satisfying the exit resource optimization condition includes: the resource idle time period ends, or the current resource utilization rate is high.
  • the satisfying the exit resource optimization condition includes: the resource idle time period ends, or the current resource utilization rate is high.
  • the resource optimization module is further configured to:
  • the terminal of the cell Before re-allocating a frequency band for the cell that satisfies the resource optimization condition, the terminal of the cell is handed over to the neighboring cell of the cell, and after the frequency band is re-allocated for the cell that satisfies the resource optimization condition, the resource parameter change information is notified to the cell. a neighboring area, and switch back the terminal that meets the handover condition to the original cell;
  • the terminal of the cell Before restoring the resource parameter of the cell that satisfies the resource optimization condition to the original value, the terminal of the cell is switched to the neighboring cell, and after the resource parameter of the cell that satisfies the resource optimization condition is restored to the original value, the resource is restored.
  • the parameter recovery information is notified to the neighboring cell, and the terminal that satisfies the switching condition is switched back to the original cell.
  • the resource optimization module is configured to reallocate the frequency band for the cell that satisfies the resource optimization condition according to the width of the bandwidth according to the following manner:
  • the determined bandwidth width is a frequency band selection unit, and the principle of reducing inter-cell interference is adopted, and a frequency band selected in the determined bandwidth is allocated to the cell that satisfies the resource optimization condition.
  • An energy-saving system for self-optimizing spectrum resources comprising: any of the above network management servers, and any of the foregoing base stations.
  • the cell idle time period and resource usage trend can be discriminated, and the idle time period and resource usage trend are utilized to optimize resources and improve spectrum resource utilization rate. Reduce interference and energy saving effects.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for self-optimizing energy consumption of spectrum resources according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a system architecture diagram of an application of the method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3 is a performance statistics table of throughput usage of a cell within one or two days given in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for energy saving self-optimization of spectrum resources according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a reference diagram of execution timing of each step in the method flow of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a network diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a bandwidth division diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram of a frequency band allocation in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram of another frequency band allocation in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a structural block diagram of a network management server according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a structural block diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a spectrum resource self-optimization energy-saving method, device and system.
  • the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.
  • the 3GPP protocol defines six bandwidths of LTE (Long Term Evolution) system: 1.4MHz, 3MHz, 5MHz, 10MHz, 15MHz, 20MHz, different bandwidths, and the same Reference Signal (RS) power.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • RS Reference Signal
  • the embodiment of the invention collects and analyzes the historical KPI data of the base station, establishes a resource state model for each cell, and predicts the future resource usage trend and the resource idle time period according to the model, thereby realizing system bandwidth and frequency band self-optimization, and achieving energy saving purposes.
  • the present invention provides an energy-saving method for self-optimization of spectrum resources, as shown in FIG. 1 , including the following steps:
  • Step S101 Establish a resource state model of each cell based on historical KPI data of each cell.
  • the specific implementation manner of this step is: (1) collecting KPI data of each cell in a time unit of a set time period; (2) counting KPI data of D days of each cell, and analyzing resources of each time zone of each cell. In the case of use, a resource state model of each cell is obtained; where D is a preset value.
  • Step S102 predict, according to a resource state model of each cell, a resource usage trend and a resource idle period of each cell;
  • Step S103 For a cell that satisfies the resource optimization condition, determine a bandwidth applicable to the cell according to the corresponding resource usage trend, and re-allocate the frequency band according to the width of the bandwidth; the resource optimization condition includes: the predicted resource is idle. Within the time period.
  • establishing a resource state model and predicting resource usage trends and resource idle periods of each cell may be performed by the base station, but in order not to affect the efficiency of the base station, more preferably, the network management server is completed, and when the network management server obtains the cell After the resource usage trend and the resource idle period, it is transmitted to the corresponding base station, and the base station performs resource optimization control.
  • the bandwidth that is applicable to the cell is determined only by the resource usage trend given in step S103.
  • this method does not consider the actual resource usage of the cell, and there may be a case where the bandwidth determined by the resource usage trend is smaller than the current actual required bandwidth, thereby causing the system to be overloaded and exiting the energy saving mode.
  • the present invention provides a preferred embodiment, which not only considers the resource usage trend, but also considers the actual resource usage of the cell, and better optimizes the solution of the present invention. details as follows:
  • B2 is greater than B1
  • a bandwidth is determined by using B2 or more as a criterion. Otherwise, B1 is the final determined bandwidth.
  • the energy-saving mode can use bandwidths such as: 1.4M, 3M, 5M, 10M, and 15M.
  • bandwidths such as: 1.4M, 3M, 5M, 10M, and 15M.
  • the number of users per bandwidth and the wireless resources provided are different. When doing bandwidth selection, you need to combine current resource usage. Determine which bandwidth to use, otherwise it will easily cause the system to overload and exit the energy-saving mode.
  • the time granularity of the cell resource state model is used as a cycle, and the corresponding resource usage trend is used at each cycle arrival time.
  • the bandwidth applicable to the period of the cell is determined, and it is determined whether the bandwidth is the same as the bandwidth of the current application.
  • the frequency band is newly allocated for the cell according to the width of the currently determined bandwidth. That is to say, during the idle period, the bandwidth determination is performed multiple times, and the frequency band is re-allocated, so that the optimized resource parameters can better meet the actual requirements.
  • the resource optimization condition further includes, but is not limited to, reaching a set resource optimization adjustment period, and/or, the current resource utilization is lower than the set first threshold.
  • the method in this embodiment further includes: when a cell meets the exit resource optimization condition, restoring the resource parameter of the cell to an original value; and the satisfying the exit resource optimization condition includes, but is not limited to, a resource idle time.
  • the terminal of the cell Before re-allocating the frequency band for the cell, the terminal of the cell is switched to the neighboring cell, and after the frequency band is re-allocated for the cell, the resource parameter change information is notified to the neighboring cell, and the terminal that meets the switching condition is switched back to the original cell;
  • the terminal of the cell Before recovering the resource parameters of the cell, the terminal of the cell is switched to the neighboring cell. After the resource parameter of the cell is restored, the resource parameter recovery information is notified to the neighboring cell, and the terminal that meets the switching condition is switched back to the original cell.
  • the switching condition simply saying (ignoring the parameters such as the hysteresis threshold), refers to: the reference signal received by the target cell, RSRP > the RSRP + n of the serving cell, and n is the reporting threshold of the handover measurement report, and the value is generally 1 -3dbm, the base station performs handover decision and execution according to the measurement report reported by the terminal Row.
  • the frequency band is re-allocated according to the width of the bandwidth, optionally by: determining the bandwidth width as a frequency band selection unit, to reduce inter-cell interference.
  • a frequency band is selected in the original bandwidth and allocated to the corresponding cell.
  • the determined bandwidth width is a frequency band selection unit, and the implementation manner of selecting a frequency band to allocate to the corresponding cell in the original bandwidth may be, but is not limited to, the following:
  • the method of the present invention can identify the idle time period of the cell and the trend of resource usage, and utilize the idle time period and the trend of resource usage to optimize resources, improve spectrum resource utilization, and reduce interference. And energy saving effects.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides an energy-saving method for self-optimization of spectrum resources, and the implementation principle of the method is the same as that of the first embodiment, but only gives more technical details of the invention, so that the method provided by the invention can be better explained.
  • the specific implementation process is the same as that of the first embodiment, but only gives more technical details of the invention, so that the method provided by the invention can be better explained. The specific implementation process.
  • FIG. 2 The system framework diagram of the energy-saving method for spectrum resource self-optimization according to the present invention is shown in FIG. 2, and the method mainly works on the following two network elements: a base station system and a network management server.
  • the base station system as a wireless network terminal access point, reports the KPI data of the cell to the network management server; and performs energy saving processing according to the cell resource usage trend and the idle time period predicted by the network management server.
  • the network management server collects the KPI data information of each cell, performs analysis and processing, establishes a resource state model of each cell, predicts the future resource usage direction and the idle time period of the cell, so that the base station performs self-optimization energy saving based on the prediction information.
  • PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel
  • the control information of the terminal the PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel) carries the downlink data service information of the terminal
  • the PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel
  • the rate and the RB utilization rate of the PDSCH/PUSCH are used to determine the idle state of the system resources.
  • the energy saving method for self-optimizing spectrum resources in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • A divide the time into 24 hours a day into several time periods
  • the time period is a time unit of the cell resource state model, and the granularity can be set, for example, 30 minutes.
  • the network management server collects the KPI data, and according to the statistical result of the D day, analyzes the resource usage of each time zone of each cell, obtains a resource state model of the cell, and further determines the resource of the cell according to the resource state model. Use trend and resource idle time period;
  • the analysis shows that the resource usage of each time zone of each cell includes: information about the number of users, PDCCH utilization, RB utilization, throughput, bandwidth, and overload of the cell in the time period;
  • the D is the number of days of the mode reference; optionally, in the present invention, during the statistical analysis, the data of the working day, the rest day, and the holiday are separately processed.
  • the resource usage of each cell (such as the number of users, RB utilization, etc.) has periodicity while maintaining the difference from other cells.
  • the performance statistics of throughput usage in two days of cell 1 and cell 2 can roughly show that the cell has two time.
  • the resource usage rate is in a very low state (the horizontal axis is time and the vertical axis is throughput); the cell 2 has a period of time when the resource usage rate is very low.
  • the self-optimization cannot be too frequent, otherwise the user experience will be affected;
  • Set a self-optimization adjustment period the granularity can be set: if every 30 minutes, when the self-optimization adjustment period arrives, further determine whether the current resource idle period, and whether the cell PDCCH utilization is less than U1, and the cell resource utilization is less than R1 When all are established, they enter the self-optimization process.
  • bandwidth self-optimization according to the historical resource usage trend (historical bandwidth, number of users, RB utilization, overload), combined with the current resource usage (number of users, PDCCH utilization, RB utilization, etc.), to decide which to use Bandwidth B;
  • PCI Physical Cell Id
  • N Physical Cell ID
  • the handover terminal switches the terminal of the cell to the neighboring cell; after the cell completes the resource adjustment according to the bandwidth self-optimization and the frequency band self-optimization mode, the terminal that meets the handover condition is switched back to the original cell.
  • D4 notify the neighboring area: after the resource is adjusted according to the bandwidth self-optimization and the frequency band self-optimization mode, the cell adjusts the resource adjustment information (band and frequency point modification information) to the neighboring area.
  • the resource adjustment information band and frequency point modification information
  • the condition of the exit self-optimization mode is optionally optimized to: the PDCCH utilization rate of the cell is always greater than U2 or the cell is in a continuous period for a continuous period of time T
  • the resource utilization rate in time T is always greater than R2; or, the idle period ends; wherein T can be set to 30 seconds.
  • the terminal in the cell is first switched to the neighboring cell, and then the frequency band and bandwidth are restored. After the cell returns to normal, the terminal that meets the switching condition is switched back to the original cell.
  • the U1 and R1 mentioned above are the thresholds for entering the self-optimization mode, and U2 and R2 exit the self-optimization mode. Threshold.
  • the resource size of the PDCCH determines the number of users that can be accommodated, and the utilization rate also reflects the number of users and the number of re-accessible users from the side; and the cell resources refer to the uplink and downlink data areas PDSCH and PUSCH, which are used for user data. Service transmission, which is allocated according to user needs. Therefore, R and U are used as the decision factors, U1 and R1 are used as the threshold for entering the bandwidth adjustment, and U2 and R2 are used as the threshold for the exit bandwidth adjustment.
  • the self-optimizing energy-saving method based on the historical data model of the long-term evolution of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 The wireless network management server continuously collects KPI data of each cell
  • Step 2 The wireless network management server analyzes and processes the collected data, establishes a resource state model for each cell, predicts a resource usage trend of the cell at a subsequent time according to the established resource state model, and a resource idle period of the cell; Step 3.
  • Step 3 The wireless network management server sets an optimization adjustment period (for example, 30 minutes) to reduce the frequency change judgment and adjust the possible influence on the user experience.
  • an optimization adjustment period for example, 30 minutes
  • Step 4 The base station acquires resource idle period and resource usage trend information of each cell from the radio network management server; the base station determines whether the current time is a resource idle period of one or more cells, and if yes, proceeds to step 5, otherwise falls back to Step 3;
  • Step 5 The base station determines whether the self-optimization adjustment can be entered; when the current cell meets the continuous T1 time period (T1 can be set to 30 seconds), the PDCCH utilization is less than the preset value U1, and the current cell RB utilization rate is lower than The preset value R1, then proceeds to step 6, otherwise it falls back to step 3;
  • Step 6 enter the bandwidth self-optimization link, according to the resource usage trend model of the corresponding cell, The current number of users, PDCCH utilization, and RB utilization rate determine which bandwidth is applicable;
  • Step 7 it is determined whether the bandwidth of the current application is the same as the bandwidth obtained by the decision, if not, proceed to step 8, otherwise proceed to step 11;
  • Step 9 the terminal in the cell is switched to the neighboring cell; then proceeds to step 10;
  • Step 10 the cell bandwidth and frequency band modification information is notified to other neighboring cells; at this time, the cell completes the adjustment, and the terminal that meets the handover condition will switch back to the original cell; then proceeds to step 11;
  • Step 11 The base station monitors the PDCCH utilization rate and the RB utilization rate.
  • T2 can be set to 30 seconds
  • R2 the RB utilization rate
  • Step 12 determining whether the idle time period of the current cell is over, if yes, proceed to step 13, otherwise skip to step 15;
  • Step 13 after the optimization time is over, the terminal of the local cell is first switched to the neighboring cell, the cell is restored and the neighboring cell is notified, and then the step is retracted.
  • Step 14 Exit the self-optimization, first switch the terminal of the local cell to the neighboring cell, and the cell recovers and notifies the neighboring cell, and then retreats to step 2, and updates the resource usage of the current period;
  • Step 15 it is determined whether a new optimization adjustment time is reached, if yes, proceed to step 16, otherwise, go back to step 11;
  • step 16 it is determined whether the currently used bandwidth is consistent with the bandwidth of the next time period predicted according to the resource usage trend (KPI statistical analysis). If yes, the process returns to step 11 to perform loop judgment; otherwise, it returns to step 6.
  • Figure 6 and Figure 6 show the original zone of the cell. Taking the width of 20M as an example, the specific timing of the above steps is explained by way of illustration.
  • the three cells of the eNodeB are all in the same frequency.
  • the initial bandwidth of each cell is 20M.
  • the upstream and downstream bandwidths are 20M.
  • the upstream and downstream bandwidths are 20M. This illustration refers to the downlink. 20M);
  • the PCIs of the three cells are 81, 82, and 83, respectively, as shown in FIG. 7;
  • the original 20M bandwidth can be divided into four 5M frequency bands and labeled in the order of 0, 1, 2, and 3, as shown in Figure 8.
  • the PCI of Cell1, cell2, and cell3 is modulo 4, and the obtained values are 1, 2, and 3. Therefore, the frequency bands labeled 1, 2, and 3 are respectively assigned to Cell1, cell2, and cell3, as shown in FIG.
  • the staggered 5M frequency band is used respectively, which not only reduces the power consumption of the cell, but also reduces inter-cell interference.
  • the three cells of the base station are all-frequency networking, and the initial bandwidth of each cell is 20M (for the TDD system, the upstream and downstream bandwidths are 20M in total; for the FDD system, the upstream and downstream bandwidths are each 20M. This illustration refers specifically to the downlink. 20M);
  • the PCIs of the three cells are 81, 82, and 83, respectively; as shown in FIG.
  • the original 20M bandwidth can be divided into four 5M frequency bands and labeled in the order of 0, 1, 2, and 3; as shown in Figure 8.
  • the PCI of Cell1, cell2, and cell3 is modulo 4, and the obtained values are 1, 2, and 3, so Do not assign the frequency bands labeled 1, 2, and 3 to Cell1, cell2, and cell3, as shown in Figure 10.
  • the 5M frequency band is used respectively, which not only reduces the power consumption of the cell, but also reduces the cell interference between the eNBs.
  • the method of the present invention can identify the idle time period of the cell and the trend of resource usage, and further optimize the frequency band resources, thereby improving the utilization of the spectrum resources and achieving the effect of reducing interference and energy saving.
  • the reference signal power is 18dbm
  • the 5M is about 45w lower than the 20M bandwidth in the no-load scenario
  • 1.4MHz and 3MHz are lower.
  • each base station can save 2 kWh per day, which is equivalent to 1.3 yuan;
  • China Mobile 2 bidding has a total of 230,000 base stations, and the average network can be reduced at least every day.
  • the electricity cost is 300,000 yuan.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a network management server, as shown in FIG.
  • the modeling module 1010 is configured to: establish a resource state model of each cell based on historical KPI data of each cell;
  • the prediction module 1020 is configured to: predict resource usage trends and resource idle periods of each cell according to resource state models of the cells;
  • the output module 1030 is configured to: output the predicted resource usage trend and the resource idle period information of each cell to the corresponding base station, so that the base station performs resource optimization according to the resource usage trend of the cell and the resource idle period.
  • the modeling module 1010 collects KPI data of each cell in units of a set time period, collects KPI data of each cell for D days, analyzes resource usage of each time zone of each cell, and obtains each cell.
  • Resource state model where D is the default value.
  • the network management server in this embodiment can identify the idle time period of the cell and the trend of resource usage, and provides important parameter support for the base station to perform resource optimization.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a base station, as shown in FIG. 12, including:
  • the information receiving module 1110 is configured to: obtain a resource usage trend and resource idle time period information of each cell predicted by the network management server according to a resource state model of each cell;
  • the resource optimization module 1120 is configured to: determine, for the cell that meets the resource optimization condition, the bandwidth applicable to the cell according to the corresponding resource usage trend, and re-allocate the frequency band according to the bandwidth of the bandwidth; the resource optimization condition includes: Within the predicted resource idle period.
  • the manner in which the resource optimization module 1120 determines the bandwidth applicable to the cell further includes:
  • B2 is greater than B1
  • a bandwidth is determined by using B2 or more as a criterion. Otherwise, B1 is the final determined bandwidth.
  • the resource optimization module 1120 is further configured to: determine, according to a time granularity of the cell resource state model, a period, and determine, according to a corresponding resource usage trend, a bandwidth applicable to the period of the cell, And determining whether the bandwidth is the same as the bandwidth of the current application. When not different, the frequency band is newly allocated for the cell according to the width of the currently determined bandwidth.
  • the resource optimization condition further includes, but is not limited to, reaching a set resource optimization adjustment period, and/or, the current resource utilization is lower than the set first threshold.
  • the resource optimization module 1120 is further configured to: when a cell meets the exit resource optimization condition, restore the resource parameter of the cell to the original value; and the satisfying the exit resource optimization condition includes, but is not limited to, the end of the resource idle time period Or, the current resource utilization is higher than the set second threshold.
  • the resource optimization module 1120 is further configured to: before reallocating the frequency band for the cell, The terminal of the cell is switched to the neighboring cell, and after the frequency band is re-allocated for the cell, the resource parameter change information is notified to the neighboring cell, and the terminal that meets the handover condition is switched back to the original cell; and before the resource parameter of the cell is restored, The terminal of the cell switches to the neighboring cell. After recovering the resource parameters of the cell, the resource parameter recovery information is notified to the neighboring cell, and the terminal that meets the switching condition is switched back to the original cell.
  • the resource optimization module 1120 determines, according to the principle that the bandwidth width is a frequency band selection unit, to reduce inter-cell interference, and select a frequency band to allocate to the corresponding cell in the original bandwidth.
  • the base station utilizes the idle time period and the resource usage trend to optimize resources, improve the utilization of spectrum resources, and achieve the effects of reducing interference and energy saving.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an energy-saving system for self-optimization of a spectrum resource, including the network management server according to Embodiment 3 and the base station according to Embodiment 4.
  • the embodiment includes the network management server and the base station according to the third and fourth embodiments, the technical effects described in the third and fourth embodiments are also provided. Further, the technical effects that can be achieved by the system in this embodiment are This is not to be repeated.
  • the embodiment of the invention further discloses a computer program, comprising program instructions, when the program instruction is executed by a base station, so that the base station can perform the energy saving method of any arbitrary spectrum resource self-optimization described above.
  • the embodiment of the invention also discloses a carrier carrying the computer program.
  • the present invention has strong industrial applicability.

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Abstract

一种频谱资源自优化的节能方法、装置和系统，所述方法包括：基于每个小区的历史KPI数据，建立各小区的资源状态模型，并根据各小区的资源状态模型，预测各小区的资源使用走势及资源空闲时段；针对满足资源优化条件的小区，根据对应的资源使用走势，确定小区适用的带宽，并根据所述带宽的宽度，为小区重新分配频段；所述资源优化条件包括：在预测的资源空闲时段内。采用本发明技术方案所述方法，能判别小区空闲时间段及资源使用情况走势，并利用空闲时间段及资源使用情况走势，进行资源优化，提升了频谱资源利用率，达到了减低干扰和节能效果。

Description

一种频谱资源自优化的节能方法、装置和系统 技术领域
本文涉及频谱资源自优化的节能技术领域，尤其涉及一种频谱资源自优化的节能方法、装置和系统。
背景技术
Gartner咨询报告显示，ICT(Information Communication Technology)行业对全球温室气体排放的直接影响占比为2～2.5％，其中通信业的影响约占1/4，年耗电量已经超过200亿千瓦时；根据测算，基站设备的能源消耗占到整个移动通信网络设备能耗的90％，占到通信运营商整体运维总耗电量的60％～70％，基站节能成为整个移动通信网络节能的关键，而如何降低基站能耗也成为通信运营商关注的环保与成本话题。
目前行业对基站节能提出的方案有：小区关断、符号关断等方案，都有自身不足。从印度airtel商业网络的KPI(Key Performance Indicator，关键性能指标)数据上看，每个小区的资源使用情况(用户数、RB利用率、吞吐量)具有周期性，同时又保持与其它小区的差异性。小区关断，容易造成覆盖盲区，影响突发的用户体验；符号关断有效果，但节能还不彻底。3GPP协议定义了LTE系统六种带宽1.4MHz、3MHz、5MHz、10MHz、15MHz、20MHz，不同的带宽，相同的参考信号(Reference Signal，简称RS)功率，具有相同的覆盖效果，但功耗存在明显差异，通过调整带宽的办法，可以弥补符号关断的不足。CN200810218058专利描述基站内部基于用户数与MAC资源利用情况进行动态调整系统带宽，但此方法调整时间属于秒级，粒度太小，基站数据业务的突发性、潮汐性，会造成反复带宽调整的现象，最终导致用户体验效果差。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种频谱资源自优化的节能方法、装置 和系统，用以解决相关技术中存在的小区空闲状态判断不准、小区功率资源存在浪费的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，采用如下技术方案：
一种频谱资源自优化的节能方法，包括：
基于小区的历史关键性能指标KPI数据，建立该小区的资源状态模型，并根据该小区的资源状态模型，预测该小区的资源使用走势及资源空闲时段；
针对满足资源优化条件的小区，根据该满足资源优化条件的小区对应的资源使用走势，确定该满足资源优化条件的小区适用的带宽，并根据所述带宽的宽度，为该满足资源优化条件的小区重新分配频段，其中，所述资源优化条件包括：在预测的资源空闲时段内。
可选地，所述资源优化条件还包括：到达设定的资源优化调整周期，和/或，当前资源利用率低于设定的第一阈值。
可选地，所述基于小区的历史关键性能指标KPI数据，建立该小区的资源状态模型的步骤包括：
以设定的时间段为时间单位，采集该小区的KPI数据；
统计该小区D天的KPI数据，分析该小区每个时间段的资源使用情况，得到该小区的资源状态模型；其中D为预设值。
可选地，所述确定该满足资源优化条件的小区适用的带宽的步骤包括：
根据该满足资源优化条件的小区对应的资源使用走势，确定该小区适用的带宽B1；
根据该小区当前的资源使用情况，确定该小区可使用的最低带宽B2；
当B2大于B1时，确定该小区适用的带宽的大小为大于等于B2；
当B2不大于B1时，确定该小区适用的带宽为B1。
可选地，所述根据该满足资源优化条件的小区对应的资源使用走势，确定该满足资源优化条件的小区适用的带宽，并根据所述带宽的宽度，为该满足资源优化条件的小区重新分配频段的步骤包括：
以小区资源状态模型的时间粒度为周期，在每个周期到达时刻根据对应 的资源使用走势，确定该满足资源优化条件的小区在该周期适用的带宽，并判断该带宽与当前应用的带宽是否相同，当不同时，以当前确定的带宽的宽度，为该满足资源优化条件的小区重新分配频段。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
当一小区满足退出资源优化条件时，将该满足退出资源优化条件的小区的资源参数恢复至原值；所述满足退出资源优化条件包括：资源空闲时间段结束，或者，当前资源利用率高于设定的第二阈值。
可选地，该方法还包括：
在为该满足资源优化条件的小区重新分配频段的步骤之前，将该小区的终端切换至邻区；
在为该满足资源优化条件的小区重新分配频段的步骤之后，将资源参数变化信息通知到邻区，并将满足切换条件的终端切回至原小区。
可选地，该方法还包括：
在将该满足退出资源优化条件的小区的资源参数恢复至原值的步骤之前，将该该满足退出资源优化条件的小区的终端切换至邻区；
在将该满足退出资源优化条件的小区的资源参数恢复至原值的步骤之后，将资源参数恢复信息通知到邻区，并将满足切换条件的终端切回至原小区。
可选地，根据所述带宽的宽度，为该满足资源优化条件的小区重新分配频段的步骤包括：
以确定的带宽宽度为频段选取单位，以减少小区间干扰为原则，在所确定的带宽中选取一频段分配给该满足资源优化条件的小区。
可选地，所述以确定的带宽宽度为频段选取单位，以减少小区间干扰为原则，在原带宽中选取一频段分配给该满足资源优化条件的小区的步骤包括：
将原带宽分成N个频段，并将各频段按0、1、…、N-1标号；
将该满足资源优化条件的小区的PCI以N为模，得到数值i，并将频段标号等于i的频段分配给该满足资源优化条件的小区；其中，N＝INT(小区原 带宽/确定的带宽)，其中INT表示取整。
一种网络管理服务器，包括建模模块、预测模块和输出模块，其中
所述建模模块设置成：基于小区的历史KPI数据，建立小区的资源状态模型；
所述预测模块设置成：根据小区的资源状态模型，预测小区的资源使用走势及资源空闲时段；
所述输出模块设置成：将预测的小区的资源使用走势及资源空闲时段信息输出至对应基站，以使基站根据小区的资源使用走势及资源空闲时段进行资源优化。
一种基站，包括信息接收模块和资源优化模块，其中
所述信息接收模块设置成：获取网络管理服务器根据小区的资源状态模型预测的小区的资源使用走势及资源空闲时段信息；
所述资源优化模块设置成：针对满足资源优化条件的小区，根据该满足资源优化条件的的小区对应的资源使用走势，确定该满足资源优化条件的小区适用的带宽，并根据所述带宽的宽度，为该满足资源优化条件的小区重新分配频段；所述资源优化条件包括：在预测的资源空闲时段内。
可选地，所述资源优化模块设置成按照如下方式确定该满足资源优化条件的小区适用的带宽：
根据该满足资源优化条件的对应的资源使用走势，确定该小区适用的带宽B1；
根据该小区当前的资源使用情况，确定该小区可使用的最低带宽B2；
当B2大于B1时，确定该小区适用的带宽的大小为大于等于B2；当B2不大于B1时，确定该小区适用的带宽为B1。
可选地，所述资源优化模块设置成按照如下方式根据该满足资源优化条件的小区对应的资源使用走势，确定该满足资源优化条件的小区适用的带宽， 并根据所述带宽的宽度，为该满足资源优化条件的小区重新分配频段：
以该满足资源优化条件的小区的资源状态模型的时间粒度为周期，在每个周期到达时刻根据该小区对应的资源使用走势，确定该小区在该周期适用的带宽，并判断该带宽与当前应用的带宽是否相同，当不同时，以当前确定的带宽的宽度，为该小区重新分配频段。
可选地，所述资源优化条件还包括：到达设定的资源优化调整周期，和/或，当前资源利用率低于设定的第一阈值。
可选地，所述资源优化模块还设置成：
当一小区满足退出资源优化条件时，将该满足退出资源优化条件的小区的资源参数恢复至原值；其中所述满足退出资源优化条件包括：资源空闲时间段结束，或者，当前资源利用率高于设定的第二阈值。
可选地，所述资源优化模块还设置成：
在为该满足资源优化条件的小区重新分配频段前，将该小区的终端切换至该小区的邻区，在为该满足资源优化条件的小区重新分配频段后，将资源参数变化信息通知到该小区的邻区，并将满足切换条件的终端切回至原小区；以及
在将该满足退出资源优化条件的小区的资源参数恢复至原值前，将该小区的终端切换至邻区，在将该满足退出资源优化条件的小区的资源参数恢复至原值后，将资源参数恢复信息通知到邻区，并将满足切换条件的终端切回至原小区。
可选地，所述资源优化模块设置成按照如下方式根据所述带宽的宽度，为该满足资源优化条件的小区重新分配频段：
以确定的带宽宽度为频段选取单位，以减少小区间干扰为原则，在所确定的带宽中选取一频段分配给该满足资源优化条件的小区。
一种频谱资源自优化的节能系统，包括：上述任意的网络管理服务器，以及上述任意的基站。
本发明技术方案的有益效果如下：
采用本发明技术方案所述方法，与相关技术相比，能判别小区空闲时间段及资源使用情况走势，并利用空闲时间段及资源使用情况走势，进行资源优化，提升了频谱资源利用率，达到了减低干扰和节能效果。
附图概述
下面将对实施例或相关技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例一提供的频谱资源自优化的节能方法的流程图；
图2为本发明实施例所述方法应用的系统架构图；
图3为本发明实施例中给出的小区一两天内吞吐量使用情况的性能统计表；
图4为本发明实施例中给出的小区二两天内吞吐量使用情况的性能统计表；
图5为本发明实施例二提供的频谱资源自优化的节能方法的流程图；
图6为图5所述方法流程中各步骤执行时机参照图；
图7为本发明实施例中基站组网图；
图8为本发明实施例中带宽划分图；
图9为本发明实施例中频段分配图；
图10为本发明实施例中又一频段分配图；
图11为本发明实施例中网络管理服务器的结构框图；
图12为本发明实施例中基站的结构框图。
本发明的较佳实施方式
为了克服相关技术中存在的小区空闲状态判断不准、小区功率资源存在浪费的问题，本发明提供一种频谱资源自优化的节能方法、装置和系统。下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一
3GPP协议定义了LTE(Long Term Evolution，长期演进系统)系统六种带宽1.4MHz、3MHz、5MHz、10MHz、15MHz、20MHz，不同的带宽，相同的参考信号(Reference Signal，简称RS)功率，具有相同的覆盖效果，但功耗存在明显差异。
本发明实施例通过采集、分析基站历史KPI数据，为每个小区建立资源状态模型，并根据模型预测小区未来的资源使用走向及资源空闲时间段，实现系统带宽、频段自优化，达到节能目的。
具体的，本发明提供一种频谱资源自优化的节能方法，如图1所示，包括如下步骤：
步骤S101，基于每个小区的历史KPI数据，建立各小区的资源状态模型；
该步骤的具体实现方式为：(1)以设定的时间段为时间单位，采集每个小区的KPI数据；(2)统计各小区D天的KPI数据，分析各小区每个时间段的资源使用情况，得到各小区的资源状态模型；其中D为预设值。
步骤S102，根据各小区的资源状态模型，预测各小区的资源使用走势及资源空闲时段；
步骤S103，针对满足资源优化条件的小区，根据对应的资源使用走势，确定小区适用的带宽，并根据所述带宽的宽度，为小区重新分配频段；所述资源优化条件包括：在预测的资源空闲时段内。
基于上述原理阐述，下面给出几个具体及优选实施方式，用以更清楚的说明所述方法进行资源优化的具体实施过程。需要说明的是，下述方式可以单独与上述步骤S101～103结合使用，也可以是多个方式同时与上述步骤S101～103结合使用。
本实施例中，建立资源状态模型及预测各小区的资源使用走势及资源空闲时段，可以由基站完成，但为了不影响基站效率，更优选地在网络管理服务器完成，当网络管理服务器得到小区的资源使用走势和资源空闲时段后，将其传递给对应的基站，由基站进行资源优化控制。
可选地，本实施例所述方法中，步骤S103中所给出的只通过资源使用走势，确定小区适用的带宽。然而，这种方式并未考虑小区的实际资源使用情况，可能会存在通过资源使用走势确定的带宽小于当前实际所需带宽的情况，进而造成系统过载而退出节能模式。为了避免这种情况的发生，本发明给出一种优选实施方式，该方式不仅考虑了资源使用走势，还考虑了小区实际的资源使用情况，更好的优化了本发明的方案。具体如下：
根据对应的资源使用走势，确定小区适用的带宽B1；
根据小区当前的资源使用情况，确定小区可使用的最低带宽B2；
当B2大于B1时，以大于等于B2为准则，最终确定一个带宽，否则，以B1为最终确定的带宽。
为了使得上述确定带宽方式更清楚，下面举例说明：
举例1：
Figure PCTCN2015077693-appb-000001
举例2：
节能模式可使用带宽如：1.4M、3M、5M、10M、15M，每个带宽所容纳的用户数和所提供的无线资源都有所不同；在做带宽选择的时候，需要结合当前资源使用情况进行判断使用哪种带宽，否则容易造成系统过载而退出节能模式。
可选地，本实施例所述方法中，考虑到资源优化的时效性，在进行资源优化时，以小区资源状态模型的时间粒度为周期，在每个周期到达时刻根据对应的资源使用走势，确定小区该周期适用的带宽，并判断该带宽与当前应用的带宽是否相同，当不同时，以当前确定的带宽的宽度，为小区重新分配频段。也就是说，在空闲时段内，多次进行带宽确定，并重新分配频段，以使得优化得到的资源参数更能满足实际需求。
可选地，本实施例所述方法中，资源优化条件还包括但不限于为：到达设定的资源优化调整周期，和/或，当前资源利用率低于设定的第一阈值。
可选地，本实施例所述方法中，还包括：当某小区满足退出资源优化条件时，恢复小区的资源参数至原值；所述满足退出资源优化条件包括但不限于为：资源空闲时间段结束，或者，当前资源利用率高于设定的第二阈值。
可选地，本实施例所述方法中：
在为小区重新分配频段前，将小区的终端切换至邻区，在为小区重新分配频段后，将资源参数变化信息通知到邻区，并将满足切换条件的终端切回至原小区；
在恢复小区的资源参数前，将小区的终端切换至邻区，在恢复小区的资源参数后，将资源参数恢复信息通知到邻区，并将满足切换条件的终端切回至原小区。
其中，切换条件，简单地说(此处忽略迟滞门限等参数)，是指：目标小区的参考信号接收功率RSRP>服务小区的RSRP+n，n为切换测量报告上报门限，一般取值为1-3dbm，基站根据终端上报的测量报告进行切换判决、执 行。
可选地，本实施例所述方法中，根据所述带宽的宽度，为小区重新分配频段，可选地通过如下方式实现：以确定的带宽宽度为频段选取单位，以减少小区间干扰为原则，在原带宽中选取一频段分配给对应小区。
其中，以确定的带宽宽度为频段选取单位，以减少小区间干扰为原则，在原带宽中选取一频段分配给对应小区的实现方式可以但不限于为：
将原带宽分成N个频段，并将各频段按0、1、…、N-1标号；
将小区的PCI以N为模，得到数值i，并将频段标号等于i的频段分配给该小区；其中，N＝INT(小区原带宽/确定的带宽)，其中INT表示取整。
综上所述，采用本发明所述方法，能判别小区空闲时间段及资源使用情况走势，并利用空闲时间段及资源使用情况走势，进行资源优化，提升了频谱资源利用率，达到了减低干扰和节能效果。
实施例二
本发明实施例提供一种频谱资源自优化的节能方法，该方法的实现原理与实施例一相同，只是给出本发明的更多技术细节，使其能够更好地说明本发明提供的方法的具体实现过程。
本发明所述频谱资源自优化的节能方法应用的系统框架图如图2所示，所述方法主要工作于以下两个网元：基站系统和网络管理服务器。
基站系统，作为无线网络终端接入点，向网络管理服务器上报小区的KPI数据；以及根据网络管理服务器预测的小区资源使用走向及空闲时间段进行节能处理。
网络管理服务器，采集各小区的KPI数据信息，并进行分析处理，建立每个小区的资源状态模型，预测小区未来的资源使用走向及空闲时间段，使得基站基于预测信息执行自优化节能。
PDCCH(Physical Downlink Control Channel，物理下行控制信道)承载终 端的控制信息，PDSCH(Physical Downlink Shared Channel，物理下行共享信道)承载终端的下行数据业务信息，PUSCH(Physical Uplink Shared Channel，物理上行共享信道)承载终端的上行数据业务信息；可根据PDCCH的资源利用率与PDSCH/PUSCH的RB利用率，来判别系统资源空闲状态。
具体的，本发明实施例所述频谱资源自优化的节能方法包括：
A，将一天24小时分割成若干时间段；
其中，时间段为小区资源状态模型的时间单位，粒度可设：如30分钟。
B，网络管理服务器采集KPI数据，并根据D天的统计结果，分析得出每个小区每个时间段的资源使用情况，得到小区的资源状态模型，根据该资源状态模型可以进一步确定小区的资源使用走势和资源空闲时间段；
其中，分析得出每个小区每个时间段的资源使用情况包括：该时间段内小区的用户数、PDCCH利用率、RB利用率、吞吐量、带宽、是否过载等信息；
所述D为模式参考的天数；可选地，本发明中在进行统计分析时，工作日、休息日、节假日的数据分开处理。
下面结合图3、图4对分析得到小区的资源使用情况进行示例说明：
每个小区的资源使用情况(如用户数、RB利用率等)具有周期性，同时又保持与其它小区的差异性。如图3、4所示，分别是小区一和小区二两个小区两天内的吞吐量使用情况的性能统计(从印度airtel现网获取的KPI数据)，可粗略看出小区一有两个时间段，资源使用率处于非常低的状态(横轴为时间、纵轴为吞吐量)；小区二有一个时间段资源使用率处于非常低的状态。
因此，通过历史KPI数据的统计分析处理，可以判断预测小区资源的大致走势，能够较好解决小区数据业务使用周期性、差异性状况下的节能。
C，当小区到达自优化调整时刻，便开始判断是否进入自优化环节；
本发明中，自优化不能太频繁，否则会影响用户体验；对此，本发明设 置一个自优化调整周期，粒度可设：如每隔30分钟，当自优化调整周期到达时，进一步判断当前是否处于资源空闲时段，以及是否小区PDCCH利用率小于U1，且小区资源利用率小于R1，当都成立时，才进入自优化环节。
D，进入带宽自优化模式，将执行切换终端、带宽自优化、频段自优化、通知邻区四个动作，具体如下：
d1，带宽自优化：根据历史的资源使用走向(历史带宽、用户数、RB利用率、是否过载)，结合当前资源使用情况(用户数、PDCCH利用率、RB利用率等)，来决定使用哪种带宽B；
d2，频段自优化：(原来系统默认带宽为W)/(决定使用哪种带宽为B)＝(可分成带宽B的频段数为N)；N取整，频段的分配基于PCI(Physical Cell Id，物理小区ID)特性，将可分配的频段按0、1、…N-1标号，小区按mod(PCI，N)来分配频段；
d3，切换终端：将本小区的终端切换到邻区；待小区按照带宽自优化和频段自优化方式完成资源调整后，将满足切换条件的终端回切至原小区。
d4，通知邻区：小区按照带宽自优化和频段自优化方式完成资源调整后，将资源调整信息(频段、频点修改信息)通知邻区。
E，退出自优化模式条件：小区PDCCH利用率大于U2或者小区资源利用率大于R2；或者，空闲时段结束；
为了不让用户临时突发的数据业务，造成误判而退出节能模式，可选地，将退出自优化模式条件优化为：小区在连续一段时间T内PDCCH利用率一直大于U2或者小区在连续一段时间T内资源利用率一直大于R2；或者，空闲时段结束；其中，T可设置为30秒。
小区退出自优化节能模式时，先将小区内的终端切换到邻区，再做频段、带宽恢复；小区恢复正常后，将满足切换条件的终端回切至原来小区。
上述提及的U1、R1是进入自优化模式的门限，U2、R2退出自优化模 式的门限。PDCCH的资源大小决定可容纳的用户数，其利用率也从侧面反映用户数和可再接入的用户数；而小区资源是指上下行的数据区PDSCH和PUSCH，此资源用于用户的数据业务传输，根据用户需求进行分配。因此，采用R和U作为判决因素，U1、R1作为是否进入带宽调整的门限，U2、R2退作为退出带宽调整的门限。
下面根据图5～图9给出本发明一个较佳的实施例，并结合对实施例的描述，进一步给出本发明的技术细节，使其能够更好地说明本发明的提供方法的具体实现过程。
本发明的长期演进基于历史数据模型的自优化节能方法，如图5所示，具体包括如下步骤：
步骤1，无线网络管理服务器不断地采集每个小区的KPI数据；
步骤2，无线网络管理服务器对采集的数据进行分析处理，为每个小区建立资源状态模型，根据建立的资源状态模型，预测小区在后续时间的资源使用走势，及小区的资源空闲时段；随后进入步骤3。
步骤3，无线网络管理服务器为减少频换判断、调整可能的影响用户体验，设置一个优化调整周期(如：30分钟)，到了优化调整周期，才进入步骤4，否则一直等待；
步骤4，基站从无线网络管理服务器获取各小区的资源空闲时段和资源使用走势信息；基站判断当前时刻是否为某一个或多个小区的资源空闲时段，若是，则进入步骤5，否则回退至步骤3；
步骤5，基站判断能否进入自优化调整；当同时满足当前小区在连续的T1时间段内(T1可设置为30秒)PDCCH利用率少于预设值U1，且当前小区RB利用率低于预设值R1，则进入步骤6，否则回退至步骤3；
步骤6，进入带宽自优化环节，根据对应小区的资源使用走势模型，结 合当前的用户数、PDCCH利用率、RB利用率，判决适用哪个带宽；
步骤7，判断当前应用的带宽与判决得到的带宽是否相同，若不同，则进入步骤8，否则进入步骤11；
步骤8，进入频段自优化环节，(原来系统默认带宽为W)/(决定使用哪种带宽为B)＝(可分成带宽B的频段数为N)；N取整，频段的分配基于PCI特性，将可分配的频段按0、1、…N-1标号，小区按mod(PCI，N)来分配频段；随后进入步骤9；
步骤9，将本小区内的终端切换到邻区；随后进入步骤10；
步骤10，将小区带宽与频段修改信息通知到其它邻区；此时小区完成调整，满足切换条件的终端将回切至原小区；随后进入步骤11；
步骤11，基站监测PDCCH利用率和RB利用率情况，当小区在连续T2时间段内(T2可设置为30秒)PDCCH利用率一直超过U2，或者RB利用率一直大于R2，则进入步骤14，否则进入步骤12；
步骤12，判断本小区空闲时间段是否结束，若结束则进入步骤13，否则跳至步骤15；
步骤13，优化时间结束，先将本小区的终端切换至邻区，小区恢复并通知邻区，随后回退则步骤3；
步骤14，退出自优化，先将本小区的终端切换至邻区，小区恢复并通知邻区，随后回退则步骤2，将本时段资源使用情况更新；
步骤15，判断是否到达新的优化调整时刻，是则进入步骤16，否则回退至步骤11；
步骤16，判断当前所用的带宽，与根据资源使用走势(KPI统计分析的)预测的下一时间段的带宽是否一致，若一致则退至步骤11，进行循环判断；否则回退至步骤6。
为了使得上述各步骤间的逻辑关系更清楚，给出图6，图6以小区原带 宽为20M为例，通过图示的方式说明上述步骤执行的具体时机。
下面结合两个具体示例，对本发明的实施过程进行说明：
示例1：同频组网
基站(eNodeB)的三个小区都是同频组网，每个小区的初始带宽为20M(对于TDD系统，上下行带宽共20M；对于FDD系统，则上下行带宽各20M，此图例特指下行20M)；
三个小区(cell1、cell2、cell3)的PCI分别为81、82、83，如图7所示；
根据历史数据模型及当前小区状态，三个小区都判决进入节能模式，并都采用5M带宽作为小区带宽；
原本的20M带宽，可分成4个5M频段，并按0、1、2、3顺序标号，如图8所示；
Cell1、cell2、cell3的PCI，以4为模，得到的数值为1、2、3，因此分别将标号为1、2、3的频段分别分配给Cell1、cell2、cell3，如图9所示；
基站三个小区进入节能模式后，分别使用错开的5M频段，既减少小区功耗，又能减少小区间干扰。
示例2：异频组网
基站(eNodeB)的三个小区都是异频组网，每个小区的初始带宽为20M(对于TDD系统，上下行带宽共20M；对于FDD系统，则上下行带宽各20M，此图例特指下行20M)；
三个小区(cell1、cell2、cell3)的PCI分别为81、82、83；如图7所示。
根据历史数据模型及当前小区状态，三个小区都判决进入节能模式，并都采用5M带宽作为小区带宽；
原本的20M带宽，可分成4个5M频段，并按0、1、2、3顺序标号；如图8所示。
Cell1、cell2、cell3的PCI，以4为模，得到的数值为1、2、3，因此分 别将标号为1、2、3的频段分别分配给Cell1、cell2、cell3，如图10所示。
基站三个小区进入节能模式后，分别使用5M频段，既减少小区功耗，又能减少eNB间的小区干扰。
综上所述，采用本发明所述方法，能判别小区空闲时间段及资源使用情况走势，再进一步的频段资源优化，提升了频谱资源利用率，达到了减低干扰和节能效果。根据实验室测试结果：当参考信号功率为18dbm，空载场景下，5M比20M带宽功耗低45w左右；1.4MHz和3MHz则更低。按平均每个小区有10个小时的空闲时段来计算，每个基站每天可节能2度电，约等于1.3元；中国移动2期招标共有23万个基站规模，届时整网平均每天至少可降低电费成本30万元。
实施例三
本发明实施例提供一种网络管理服务器，如图11所示，包括：
建模模块1010，设置成：基于每个小区的历史KPI数据，建立各小区的资源状态模型；
预测模块1020，设置成：根据各小区的资源状态模型，预测各小区的资源使用走势及资源空闲时段；
输出模块1030，设置成：将预测的各小区的资源使用走势及资源空闲时段信息输出至对应基站，以使基站根据小区的资源使用走势及资源空闲时段进行资源优化。
其中，建模模块1010，具体的以设定的时间段为单位，采集每个小区的KPI数据；统计各小区D天的KPI数据，分析各小区每个时间段的资源使用情况，得到各小区的资源状态模型；其中D为预设值。
综上所述，本实施例所述网络管理服务器，能判别小区空闲时间段及资源使用情况走势，为基站进行资源优化提供了重要的参数支持。
实施例四
本发明实施例提供一种基站，如图12所示，包括：
信息接收模块1110，设置成：获取网络管理服务器根据各小区的资源状态模型预测的各小区的资源使用走势及资源空闲时段信息；
资源优化模块1120，设置成：针对满足资源优化条件的小区，根据对应的资源使用走势，确定小区适用的带宽，并根据所述带宽的宽度，为小区重新分配频段；所述资源优化条件包括：在预测的资源空闲时段内。
基于上述结构框架及实施原理，下面给出在上述结构下的几个具体及优选实施方式，用以细化和优化本发明所述基站的功能，具体涉及如下内容：
本实施例中，资源优化模块1120确定小区适用的带宽的方式还包括：
根据对应的资源使用走势，确定小区适用的带宽B1；
根据小区当前的资源使用情况，确定小区可使用的最低带宽B2；
当B2大于B1时，以大于等于B2为准则，最终确定一个带宽，否则，以B1为最终确定的带宽。
可选地，本实施例中，资源优化模块1120，进一步设置成：以小区资源状态模型的时间粒度为周期，在每个周期到达时刻根据对应的资源使用走势，确定小区该周期适用的带宽，并判断该带宽与当前应用的带宽是否相同，当不同时，以当前确定的带宽的宽度，为小区重新分配频段。
可选地，资源优化模块1120中，所述资源优化条件还包括但不限于为：到达设定的资源优化调整周期，和/或，当前资源利用率低于设定的第一阈值。
可选地，资源优化模块1120，还设置成：当某小区满足退出资源优化条件时，恢复小区的资源参数至原值；所述满足退出资源优化条件包括但不限于为：资源空闲时间段结束，或者，当前资源利用率高于设定的第二阈值。
可选地，资源优化模块1120，进一步设置成：在为小区重新分配频段前， 将小区的终端切换至邻区，在为小区重新分配频段后，将资源参数变化信息通知到邻区，并将满足切换条件的终端切回至原小区；以及在恢复小区的资源参数前，将小区的终端切换至邻区，在恢复小区的资源参数后，将资源参数恢复信息通知到邻区，并将满足切换条件的终端切回至原小区。
可选地，资源优化模块1120，以确定的带宽宽度为频段选取单位，以减少小区间干扰为原则，在原带宽中选取一频段分配给对应小区。
本实施例所述基站利用空闲时间段及资源使用情况走势，进行资源优化，提升了频谱资源利用率，达到了减低干扰和节能效果。
实施例五
本发明实施例提供一种频谱资源自优化的节能系统，包括实施例三所述的网络管理服务器和实施例四所述的基站。
由于实施例三、四已经对网络管理服务器和基站的结构及功能进行了详细阐述，所以本实施例中对其结构及功能不作赘述。
另外，由于本实施例包含实施例三、四所述的网络管理服务器和基站，所以也具备实施例三、四所述的技术效果，进而，对于本实施例所述系统能够达到的技术效果在此也不作赘述。
本发明实施例还公开了一种计算机程序，包括程序指令，当该程序指令被基站执行时，使得该基站可执行上述任意的频谱资源自优化的节能方法。
本发明实施例还公开了一种载有所述的计算机程序的载体。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。
工业实用性
采用本发明技术方案所述方法，能判别小区空闲时间段及资源使用情况走势，并利用空闲时间段及资源使用情况走势，进行资源优化，提升了频谱资源利用率，达到了减低干扰和节能效果。因此本发明具有很强的工业实用性。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种频谱资源自优化的节能方法，包括：
    基于小区的历史关键性能指标KPI数据，建立该小区的资源状态模型，并根据该小区的资源状态模型，预测该小区的资源使用走势及资源空闲时段；
    针对满足资源优化条件的小区，根据该满足资源优化条件的小区对应的资源使用走势，确定该满足资源优化条件的小区适用的带宽，并根据所述带宽的宽度，为该满足资源优化条件的小区重新分配频段，其中，所述资源优化条件包括：在预测的资源空闲时段内。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的频谱资源自优化的节能方法，其中，所述资源优化条件还包括：到达设定的资源优化调整周期，和/或，当前资源利用率低于设定的第一阈值。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的频谱资源自优化的节能方法，其中，所述基于小区的历史关键性能指标KPI数据，建立该小区的资源状态模型的步骤包括：
    以设定的时间段为时间单位，采集该小区的KPI数据；
    统计该小区D天的KPI数据，分析该小区每个时间段的资源使用情况，得到该小区的资源状态模型；其中D为预设值。
  4. 如权利要求1或2所述的频谱资源自优化的节能方法，其中，所述确定该满足资源优化条件的小区适用的带宽的步骤包括：
    根据该满足资源优化条件的小区对应的资源使用走势，确定该小区适用的带宽B1；
    根据该小区当前的资源使用情况，确定该小区可使用的最低带宽B2；
    当B2大于B1时，确定该小区适用的带宽的大小为大于等于B2；
    当B2不大于B1时，确定该小区适用的带宽为B1。
  5. 如权利要求1、2或4所述的频谱资源自优化的节能方法，其中，所述根据该满足资源优化条件的小区对应的资源使用走势，确定该满足资源优化条件的小区适用的带宽，并根据所述带宽的宽度，为该满足资源优化条件的小区重新分配频段的步骤包括：
    以小区资源状态模型的时间粒度为周期，在每个周期到达时刻根据对应的资源使用走势，确定该满足资源优化条件的小区在该周期适用的带宽，并判断该带宽与当前应用的带宽是否相同，当不同时，以当前确定的带宽的宽度，为该满足资源优化条件的小区重新分配频段。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的频谱资源自优化的节能方法，所述方法还包括：
    当一小区满足退出资源优化条件时，将该满足退出资源优化条件的小区的资源参数恢复至原值；所述满足退出资源优化条件包括：资源空闲时间段结束，或者，当前资源利用率高于设定的第二阈值。
  7. 如权利要求1或2所述的频谱资源自优化的节能方法，该方法还包括：
    在为该满足资源优化条件的小区重新分配频段的步骤之前，将该小区的终端切换至邻区；
    在为该满足资源优化条件的小区重新分配频段的步骤之后，将资源参数变化信息通知到邻区，并将满足切换条件的终端切回至原小区。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的频谱资源自优化的节能方法，该方法还包括：
    在将该满足退出资源优化条件的小区的资源参数恢复至原值的步骤之前，将该该满足退出资源优化条件的小区的终端切换至邻区；
    在将该满足退出资源优化条件的小区的资源参数恢复至原值的步骤之后，将资源参数恢复信息通知到邻区，并将满足切换条件的终端切回至原小区。
  9. 如权利要求1或2所述的频谱资源自优化的节能方法，其中，根据所述带宽的宽度，为该满足资源优化条件的小区重新分配频段的步骤包括：
    以确定的带宽宽度为频段选取单位，以减少小区间干扰为原则，在所确定的带宽中选取一频段分配给该满足资源优化条件的小区。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的频谱资源自优化的节能方法，其中，所述以确定的带宽宽度为频段选取单位，以减少小区间干扰为原则，在原带宽中选取一频段分配给该满足资源优化条件的小区的步骤包括：
    将原带宽分成N个频段，并将各频段按0、1、…、N-1标号；
    将该满足资源优化条件的小区的PCI以N为模，得到数值i，并将频段标号等于i的频段分配给该满足资源优化条件的小区；其中，N＝INT(小区原带宽/确定的带宽)，其中INT表示取整。
  11. 一种网络管理服务器，包括建模模块、预测模块和输出模块，其中
    所述建模模块设置成：基于小区的历史KPI数据，建立小区的资源状态模型；
    所述预测模块设置成：根据小区的资源状态模型，预测小区的资源使用走势及资源空闲时段；
    所述输出模块设置成：将预测的小区的资源使用走势及资源空闲时段信息输出至对应基站，以使基站根据小区的资源使用走势及资源空闲时段进行资源优化。
  12. 一种基站，包括信息接收模块和资源优化模块，其中
    所述信息接收模块设置成：获取网络管理服务器根据小区的资源状态模型预测的小区的资源使用走势及资源空闲时段信息；
    所述资源优化模块设置成：针对满足资源优化条件的小区，根据该满足资源优化条件的的小区对应的资源使用走势，确定该满足资源优化条件的小区适用的带宽，并根据所述带宽的宽度，为该满足资源优化条件的小区重新分配频段；所述资源优化条件包括：在预测的资源空闲时段内。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的基站，其中，所述资源优化模块设置成按照如 下方式确定该满足资源优化条件的小区适用的带宽：
    根据该满足资源优化条件的对应的资源使用走势，确定该小区适用的带宽B1；
    根据该小区当前的资源使用情况，确定该小区可使用的最低带宽B2；
    当B2大于B1时，确定该小区适用的带宽的大小为大于等于B2；当B2不大于B1时，确定该小区适用的带宽为B1。
  14. 如权利要求12或13所述的基站，其中，所述资源优化模块设置成按照如下方式根据该满足资源优化条件的小区对应的资源使用走势，确定该满足资源优化条件的小区适用的带宽，并根据所述带宽的宽度，为该满足资源优化条件的小区重新分配频段：
    以该满足资源优化条件的小区的资源状态模型的时间粒度为周期，在每个周期到达时刻根据该小区对应的资源使用走势，确定该小区在该周期适用的带宽，并判断该带宽与当前应用的带宽是否相同，当不同时，以当前确定的带宽的宽度，为该小区重新分配频段。
  15. 如权利要求12所述的基站，其中，所述资源优化条件还包括：到达设定的资源优化调整周期，和/或，当前资源利用率低于设定的第一阈值。
  16. 如权利要求12所述的基站，其中，所述资源优化模块还设置成：
    当一小区满足退出资源优化条件时，将该满足退出资源优化条件的小区的资源参数恢复至原值；其中所述满足退出资源优化条件包括：资源空闲时间段结束，或者，当前资源利用率高于设定的第二阈值。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的基站，其中，所述资源优化模块还设置成：
    在为该满足资源优化条件的小区重新分配频段前，将该小区的终端切换至该小区的邻区，在为该满足资源优化条件的小区重新分配频段后，将资源参数变化信息通知到该小区的邻区，并将满足切换条件的终端切回至原小区；以及
    在将该满足退出资源优化条件的小区的资源参数恢复至原值前，将该小区的终端切换至邻区，在将该满足退出资源优化条件的小区的资源参数恢复至原值后，将资源参数恢复信息通知到邻区，并将满足切换条件的终端切回至原小区。
  18. 如权利要求12所述的基站，其中，所述资源优化模块设置成按照如下方式根据所述带宽的宽度，为该满足资源优化条件的小区重新分配频段：
    以确定的带宽宽度为频段选取单位，以减少小区间干扰为原则，在所确定的带宽中选取一频段分配给该满足资源优化条件的小区。
  19. 一种频谱资源自优化的节能系统，包括：如权利要求11所述的网络管理服务器，以及如权利要求12至18中任意一项所述的基站。
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