WO2016058549A1 - 一种超高速机械开关及其开关断口及其开关触头 - Google Patents

一种超高速机械开关及其开关断口及其开关触头 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2016058549A1
WO2016058549A1 PCT/CN2015/092027 CN2015092027W WO2016058549A1 WO 2016058549 A1 WO2016058549 A1 WO 2016058549A1 CN 2015092027 W CN2015092027 W CN 2015092027W WO 2016058549 A1 WO2016058549 A1 WO 2016058549A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switch
conductive metal
contact
switch contact
metal members
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/092027
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
程铁汉
张友鹏
马志华
胡延涛
孙珂珂
门博
赵晓民
刘畅
Original Assignee
国家电网公司
平高集团有限公司
华北电网有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 国家电网公司, 平高集团有限公司, 华北电网有限公司 filed Critical 国家电网公司
Publication of WO2016058549A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016058549A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/06—Contacts characterised by the shape or structure of the contact-making surface, e.g. grooved
    • H01H1/10—Laminated contacts with divided contact surface

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of high voltage direct current power transmission equipment, in particular to an ultra high speed mechanical switch and a switch break thereof and a switch contact thereof.
  • Multi-terminal direct current transmission based on flexible direct current transmission technology has been used more and more in Europe, North America, China and other countries and regions.
  • multi-terminal DC transmission systems due to the lack of DC circuit breakers, The reliability, flexibility and continuity of multi-terminal HVDC transmission are greatly limited, which causes serious obstacles to its popularization and application, and also has a great impact on the construction of DC grid in the future.
  • the lack of high-voltage DC circuit breakers has become a bottleneck affecting the world's construction of the future DC grid, and its development work is imminent.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an ultra-high speed mechanical switch with short opening and closing time; meanwhile, the present invention also provides a switch break suitable for the ultra high speed mechanical switch; the present invention also provides a suitable for the super Switch contacts for high speed switching.
  • An ultra-high-speed mechanical switch includes an insulative housing having a switch break therein, the switch break including a first switch contact and a second switch contact, and the insulative housing is provided for driving 1.
  • the operating mechanism of the second switch contact opening and closing, the first and second switch contacts are in the closing position when the switch is closed, and the first and second switch contacts are in the open position when the switch is opened
  • the first and second switch contacts are sequentially provided with conductive metal members along the moving direction, and each adjacent two guides
  • the electrical metal member is insulated at a spaced position, and the conductive metal member has a span length, the span length satisfying two conditions: first, in the closing position, the conductive metal member on the first switch contact is in turn Connecting adjacent two conductive metal members on the second switch contact matched thereto and implementing conduction of the first and second switch contacts; second, at the opening position, on the first switch contact At least one end of the conductive metal member is located at a spaced position between adjacent two conductive metal members on the second switch contact that is
  • the conductive metal members on the first and second switch contacts are respectively insulated and separated by an insulating connecting member, and the second switch contact has an outer peripheral surface of the first switch contact and is matched with the first switch.
  • the conductive metal member and the insulating connecting member on the first and second switch contacts are both round tubular, and the first switch contact and the conductive metal member on the second switch contact have the same structure, and the first switch contact
  • the structure of the insulating connector on the second switch contact is the same, and the length of the conductive metal member is greater than the length of the insulating connector.
  • a switch break includes a first switch contact and a second switch contact, and the first switch switch and the second switch contact are relatively close to or away from each other by a corresponding operating mechanism to achieve closing or opening, when closing
  • the first and second switch contacts are all in the closing position, and the first and second switch contacts are in the opening position when the opening is performed, and the first and second switch contacts are arranged with the conductive metal in the moving direction.
  • the conductive metal member having a span length that satisfies two conditions: first, in the closing position, the first switch The conductive metal member on the contact sequentially spans the adjacent two conductive metal members on the second switch contact matched thereto and realizes the conduction of the first and second switch contacts; second, at the opening position Providing at least one end of the conductive metal member on the first switch contact at a spaced position between adjacent two conductive metal members on the second switch contact that is adapted thereto and implementing the first and second switch contacts Break.
  • the conductive metal members on the first and second switch contacts are respectively insulated and separated by an insulating connecting member, and the second switch contact has an outer peripheral surface of the first switch contact and is matched with the first switch.
  • the conductive metal member and the insulating connecting member on the first and second switch contacts are both round tubular, and the first switch contact and the conductive metal member on the second switch contact have the same structure, and the first switch contact
  • the structure of the insulating connector on the second switch contact is the same, and the length of the conductive metal member is greater than the length of the insulating connector.
  • a switch contact includes a contact body, wherein the contact body is sequentially arranged with a conductive metal member spaced apart in a moving direction, and is insulated at a spacing position between each adjacent two conductive metal members, the conductive metal member having a cross
  • the length of the jumper satisfies two conditions: first, in the closing position, the conductive metal member on the contact body can bridge the contact with the contact body Two adjacent conductive metal members on the head body; secondly, at the opening position, at least one end of the conductive metal member on the contact body is located on two adjacent conductive metal members on the contact body with which it is adapted At the interval between the locations.
  • the conductive metal members on the contact body are sequentially insulated by an insulating connecting member, and the conductive metal member and the insulating connecting member are both tubular.
  • Each of the conductive metal members on the contact body has the same structure, and each of the insulating connectors on the contact body has the same structure, and the length of the conductive metal member is greater than the length of the insulating connector.
  • the switch contacts of the ultra-high-speed mechanical switch of the present invention are sequentially provided with conductive metal members along the moving direction, and are insulated at intervals between adjacent two conductive metal members, and the conductive metal members have a span length, and the jumper
  • the length satisfies two conditions: first, in the closing position, the conductive metal member on the first switch contact sequentially bridges the adjacent two conductive metal members on the second switch contact matched thereto and realizes the first 1.
  • the second switch contact is turned on; secondly, in the open position, at least one end of the conductive metal member on the first switch contact is located on the adjacent two conductive contacts on the second switch contact
  • the spacing between the first and second switching contacts is achieved at spaced locations between the metal members.
  • the two switch contacts are close to or away from each other, and when the axial positions of the conductive metal members on the switch contacts are mutually staggered, the conductive metal members on the first switch contacts and the corresponding second Adjacent two conductive metal members on the switch contacts are bridged, so that each of the conductive metal members is sequentially connected to form a through-flow loop between the two switch contacts, thereby achieving closing, in the first switch
  • at least one end of the conductive metal member on the contact is located at a spacing position between the two conductive metal members on the second switch contact, each two adjacent conductive metal members are insulated and separated, and a through-flow loop cannot be formed.
  • the opening and closing, the switching principle and the switch structure make the two switching contacts only need to move a very short distance, even if one end of the conductive metal member on the first switching contact leaves or contacts the second switch One end of the conductive metal member on the contact can be opened or closed, the closing and closing stroke is short, and the time required for opening and closing is also short.
  • the conductive metal members on the first and second switch contacts are sequentially insulated and insulated by the insulating connecting member, and the conductive metal members are spaced apart by the insulating connecting member to increase the strength of the entire contact, and the first switch contact passes through the outer circumference.
  • the surface is matched with the insertion hole on the second switch contact, and the two contacts are coaxially matched to improve the stability of the contact during the opening and closing movement.
  • the conductive metal member and the insulating connecting member of the second switch rod have a round tubular structure, which greatly reduces the weight of the switch contact, and maximizes the switch contact when the driving force provided by the operating mechanism is limited.
  • the motion acceleration reduces the opening and closing time.
  • the tubular structure makes the conductive contact surface of the contact a cylindrical surface, and the flow area is large, and the electric field generated by the throughflow is relatively stable and uniform.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an ultra-high speed mechanical switch according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the repulsive operating mechanism 1 of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the first switch lever of FIG. 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the second switch lever of Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of the switch break at the opening position
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of the switch break at the closing position
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of the switch break at the opening position of the second embodiment
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view of the switch break at the closing position of the third embodiment
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view of the switch break at the opening position of the third embodiment.
  • FIGS. 1-6 An embodiment of an ultra-high speed mechanical switch of the present invention: as shown in FIGS. 1-6, comprising a sealed insulating cylinder 1, the inner space C of the insulating cylinder 1 is filled with high-pressure sulfur hexafluoride, and the insulating cylinder 1
  • the two ends are respectively sealed and connected with the same repulsive operating mechanisms I and III, and the repulsive operating mechanisms I and III are respectively connected with the switch levers 191 and 192 extending along the axial direction of the insulating cylinder 1 and the switch lever 191 and
  • the first and second switch contacts are respectively disposed at two ends of the 192, and the first conductive end A and the second conductive end B are respectively sealed on the outer peripheral wall of the insulating cylinder 1, and the first conductive end A and the first
  • the two conductive ends B are located in the same plane of the axis of the insulating cylinder and are respectively disposed on two sides of the insulating cylinder 1, and the first conductive end A and
  • the specific structure of the repulsive operating mechanism 1 of the embodiment of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 2, and includes a transmission rod 19 extending along the axis of the insulating cylinder.
  • the right end of the transmission rod 19 is coaxially fixedly connected with the switch rod 191, and the transmission rod 19 is fixed.
  • There is a repulsive disk 90 the plane of the repulsive disk 90 is perpendicular to the transmission rod 19, and the left and right sides of the repulsive disk 90 are respectively provided with two insulating blocks 61 and 62.
  • the insulating blocks 61 and 62 have the same structure, and the insulating blocks 61 and 62 respectively
  • the recesses are oppositely disposed with the openings facing the repulsive disk 90.
  • the recesses on the insulating blocks 61, 62 are matched with the outer circumference of the repulsive disk 90, and the groove bottoms of the recess are respectively fixed with the first coil 91 and the second coil 92.
  • the outer diameters of the first and second coils 91 and 92 are the same as the outer diameter of the repulsive disk 90 and coincide with the groove diameter of the groove.
  • the first and second coils 91 and 92 are both parallel to the repulsive disk 90 and are located on the repulsive disk 90.
  • the groove wall of the groove of the insulating block 61, 62 near the groove bottom is uniformly distributed with a radially extending through hole 610 in the circumferential direction, and all the through holes are located in the same circumferential plane perpendicular to the axis, and the left and right of the transmission rod 19
  • Both ends pass through the first and second coils 91, 92 and the insulation 61, 62
  • the transmission tie rod 19 is slidably engaged with the first and second coils 91, 92 and the insulating blocks 61, 62
  • the sealing ring 600 for sealing is provided in the hole of the insulating block 61, 62 which is slidably engaged with the transmission rod 19,
  • the insulating blocks 61 and 62 are oppositely and fixedly mounted in the metal fixing sleeve 21.
  • the outer peripheral surfaces of the opposite ends of the insulating blocks 61 and 62 are respectively provided with outer convex edges, and the two outer convex edges are equal in diameter and equal to fixed.
  • the inner diameter of the sleeve 21 is between the outer edges of the insulating blocks 61, 62, the outer peripheral surface of the insulating blocks 61, 62 and the inner wall surface of the fixed sleeve 21 a flow passage for the buffer medium to flow, the grooves of the two insulating blocks constitute an insulating cavity, the right end of the fixing sleeve 21 has a bottom portion for blocking the insulating block 61, and the left side opening has an outer flange for connecting,
  • the left side open end of the fixing sleeve 21 is connected with a metal fixing seat 4, and the fixing base 4 is a tubular shape extending left and right, and two ends of the fixing sleeve 4 are respectively provided with connecting flanges 41 and 42, and the connecting flange 41 is passed through a screw
  • the outer flange of 21 is connected and the flange surface of the connecting flange 41 is pressed against the left end surface of the insulating block 62.
  • the connecting flange 41 and the right bottom of the fixing sleeve 21 cooperate to press and fix the insulating blocks 61 and 62.
  • the first and second coils 91, 92 and the side walls of the insulating blocks 61, 62 are enclosed to form a buffer chamber 7, and the left and right ends of the transmission rod 19 respectively protrude from the flange surface of the fixing seat 4 and the fixing sleeve.
  • the bottom of the cylinder is sealed and slidably engaged with the center hole of the flange surface and the bottom of the cylinder, and the repulsive disk 90 fixed on the transmission rod 19 can be reciprocally slid in the synthetic buffer chamber 7 to the left and right sides of the synthetic buffer chamber 7 to realize the opening and closing.
  • the circumferential wall of the fixing sleeve 21 is evenly provided with a long hole 211 and is in the shape of a grid.
  • the fixing sleeve 21 is disposed in a sealed high-pressure gas-filled space, and the high-pressure gas can fill the buffer cavity through the elongated hole 211, that is, the buffer medium is a high-pressure gas, and the long hole 211 can also be
  • the gas in the buffer chamber 7 can be discharged into the outer sealed space of the fixing sleeve after being discharged by the through hole in the movement of the repulsive disk.
  • other shapes or other shapes can be formed on the wall of the fixing sleeve.
  • the hole of the arrangement or the wall of the fixing sleeve is not opened.
  • the gas discharged from the damper through hole on the side of the repulsive disk moving direction can enter through the flow passage from the damping hole on the side facing away from the moving direction of the repulsive disk.
  • Buffer chamber In other embodiments, the buffer medium may also be other media, such as hydraulic oil or the like, in which case the damper through hole needs to communicate with the hydraulic oil tank.
  • the right side of the fixed sleeve 21 is uniformly provided with a long hole 212 around the transmission rod 19, and the bottom of the tube is further provided with an outlet hole for the wire 101 connected to the first and second coils 91, 92. Hole 212 reduces the weight of the entire device.
  • the end portion of the connecting rod 41 extending from the connecting flange 41 of the fixing base 4 is provided with a top block 18 which is perpendicular to the transmission rod 19 and symmetrically extends up and down with the transmission rod 19, and the side wall of the fixing seat 4 is provided with a closing and closing
  • the holding structure 5 directly fixes the opening and closing holding mechanism on the fixing seat to make the structure simpler.
  • the opening and closing holding mechanism can also be fixed on other fixing members.
  • the opening and closing holding mechanism 5 includes two limiting sleeves 50 symmetrically disposed on the side wall of the fixing base 4, and the cores of the two limiting sleeves 50 are in the same plane as the top block 18, and two limiting sleeves
  • the open end of the cylinder 50 is flush with the inner wall surface of the cylindrical fixing seat 4, and the limiting springs 51 are respectively disposed in the two limiting sleeves 50, and the outer circumference of the limiting spring 51 is matched with the inner hole of the limiting sleeve 50,
  • the limit spring is prevented from being radially displaced in the sleeve, and the limit sleeve 50 is further slidably fitted with a slider 52.
  • the limit spring is located between the slider 52 and the bottom of the limit sleeve 50, and the two sliders One end of the 52 is pressed against one end of the limiting spring 51, and the other end is hinged to the upper and lower ends of the top block 18 through the connecting block 17, respectively.
  • the driving rod 19 moves horizontally left and right, the upper and lower sliders 52 slide up and down respectively. Pressing and loosening the limit spring 51 of the upper and lower limit sleeves 50.
  • the bottom of the limit sleeve 50 is further provided with an adjusting bolt 53.
  • the adjusting bolt 53 is screwed with the threaded hole of the bottom of the adjusting sleeve 50, and is adjusted.
  • An end of the bolt 53 extending into the bottom of the cylinder is connected with a regulating pressure plate 54 for adjusting the top of the pressure plate 54 Pressing on the end of the limit spring 51, adjusting the length of the adjustment bolt 53 into the bottom of the cylinder can adjust the length of the limit spring 51.
  • a first blocking block 122 is disposed on a flange surface of the connecting flange 41 of the fixing base 4 on the side of the connecting rod 19, and the first blocking block 122 has two symmetrical positioning on the upper and lower sides of the transmission rod 19 The side is located on the right side of the top block 18, and the upper and lower first stop blocks 122 respectively correspond to the upper and lower ends of the top block 18. When the transmission rod 19 moves to the right, the first stop block 122 is used to limit the stop top.
  • the second stop block 121 is used to block the farthest distance from the limit top block 18 to the left, that is, the trip stroke.
  • the connecting flange 42 of the fixing base 4 is connected with a metal cover plate 3, and the connecting plate 110 is connected with a connecting terminal 110 by screws.
  • the connecting terminal 110 is injection-molded with a wire 100 connected to the pulse power source 10, and the pulse power source 10 is fixedly arranged at the wiring.
  • the pulse power supply 10 is disposed at one end of the metal fixing base 4 to reduce the line inductance, improve the power conversion efficiency, and at the same time make the entire mechanism structure more compact.
  • the actual factor can be adjusted to the installation position of the pulse power supply.
  • the wire 100 is directly connected to the two first and second coils 91, 92, so that the energization line can be minimized, and the resistance and inductance generated by the excessive length of the wire are prevented from affecting the pulse current.
  • the switch break II of the ultra-high speed mechanical switch embodiment of the present invention comprises a first switch pull rod 191 and a second switch pull rod 192.
  • the structure of the first switch pull rod 191 is as shown in FIG. 3, and includes a transmission rod for the repulsive operating mechanism I.
  • the connecting portion 1911 is connected to the connecting portion 1911 coaxially with an insulating link 1912.
  • the two insulating connecting rods 1912 are connected to the first switch contact.
  • the first switch contact is coaxially connected with the insulating link 1912.
  • the first switch contacts The head consists of five sections of conductive metal tube and four sections of insulated connecting tubes connected in sequence.
  • the tubular structure greatly reduces the weight of the switch contacts, and greatly increases the acceleration of the opening and closing movement of the switch rod under a certain driving force of the closing and closing. Further, the opening and closing time is further reduced.
  • the solid cylindrical metal conductive member and the solid cylindrical insulating connecting member may be respectively substituted for the conductive metal tube and the insulating connecting tube, and the first switch rod
  • the specific number of conductive metal members and insulating connectors of the upper switch contacts can also be selected as desired.
  • the five-section conductive metal tube has the same diameter
  • the four-section insulated connecting tube has the same diameter
  • the length of the five-section conductive metal tube is greater than the length of the four-stage insulated connecting tube
  • the right end of the insulating connecting rod 1912 is connected with the left end of the conductive metal tube 1913, 1913
  • the right end is connected to other conductive metal tubes and insulating connecting tubes in sequence, as shown in the figure, the connecting relationship between the insulating connecting tube 1914 and the conductive metal tube 1915; the structure of the second switching rod 192 is as shown in FIG.
  • the structure and the second switching rod 192 are Corresponding to a switch lever 191, comprising a connecting portion 1921 for connecting with a transmission rod of the repulsive operating mechanism III, an insulating link 1922 coaxially connected to the connecting portion 1921, and a second switch connected to the two insulating links 1922
  • the second switching contact is coaxially connected with the insulating connecting rod 1922, and the second switching contact is sequentially connected by four conductive metal tubes and three insulating connecting tubes, wherein the inner holes of the conductive metal tube and the insulating connecting tube That is, it fits and matches the outer peripheral surface of the first switch contact and The first switch contact is inserted and the plug hole is relatively moved in the axial direction of the contact.
  • the specific number of the conductive metal member and the insulating connector of the first switch contact on the first switch lever may also be Need design choices.
  • the conductive metal tube and the insulating connecting tube on the second switch rod have the same shape as the conductive metal tube and the insulating connecting tube on the first switch rod, and the left end of the insulating link 1922 is connected to the right end of the conductive metal tube 1923, and the left end of the 1923 Connecting other conductive metal tubes and insulating connecting tubes in sequence, as shown in the connection relationship of 1924, 1925 and 1926; wherein the inner diameter of the metal conductive tube on the second switch rod 192 is just equal to the outer metal conductive tube on the first switch rod 191 The switch contacts on the first switch lever 191 are just able to be inserted into the switch contacts of the second switch lever 192.
  • the conductive metal tube 1913 on the first switch rod 191 is electrically connected to the pull rod connecting seat 4a of the first conductive end A.
  • the pull rod connecting seat 4a has a connecting sleeve extending in the axial direction of the switch rod and a vertical setting.
  • a shielding ring 5a is respectively disposed at two ends of the connecting sleeve, and a connecting sleeve of the connecting rod 4a is sleeved on the outer circumference of the conductive metal tube 1913 on the first switch rod 191, and the rod is connected
  • the connecting port of the seat 4a is electrically connected to the conductive tube 3a by a spring contact.
  • the other end of the conductive tube 3a is electrically connected to the electrical connection 2a fixed in the middle of the insulating basin 1a by a spring contact.
  • the second switch lever The conductive metal tube 1923 on the 192 is electrically connected to the tie rod connection seat 4b of the second conductive end B.
  • the tie rod connection seat 4b also has a connection sleeve extending in the axial direction of the switch rod and a connection port vertically disposed in the middle of the connection sleeve.
  • a shielding ring 5b is disposed at both ends of the sleeve, and a connecting sleeve of the pull rod connecting seat 4b is sleeved on the outer circumference of the conductive metal tube 1923 of the second switch rod 192 and is matched and matched, and the connecting rod is connected 4b the connection port electrically connected to the conductive pipe 3b, the other end of the conductive contact through the guide tube 3b is electrically connected to a spring fixed in the middle of the insulating basin 1b 2b are connected by electrical contact spring guide.
  • the principle of the ultra-high speed switch embodiment of the present invention realizes the opening and closing of the following: the first switch pull rod 191 and the second switch pull rod 192 are close to or away from each other under the driving of the repulsive operating mechanism, and the first switch pull rod 191 and the second switch pull rod
  • the conductive metal member on the switch contact on 192 has two positional relationships.
  • the conductive metal member on the first switch pull rod 191 sequentially bridges the conductive metal member of the switch contact on the second switch pull rod 192, as shown in FIG.
  • a current loop between the switch lever 191 and the second switch lever 192 cannot be formed, that is, the switch is opened, and it should be noted that the first switch lever 191 and During the movement of the second switch lever 192, the conductive metal member 1913 of the first switch pull rod 191 is always electrically connected to the pull rod connection seat 4a of the first conductive end A, and the conductive metal member 1923 on the second switch pull rod 192 is always and the second conductive The tie rod connection seat 4b of the end B is electrically connected.
  • the working process of the repulsive operating mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: when the brake is opened, the driving rod 19 is in the closing position, that is, the top block 18 on the driving rod is located at the rightmost end of the moving stroke, and the repulsive disc is located in the closed insulating cavity.
  • the pulse power source 10 energizes the first coil 91, and the repulsive disk 90 generates an induced eddy current.
  • the induced eddy current is opposite to the current of the first coil 91, and a repulsive force is generated between the repulsive disk 90 and the first coil 91, so that the repulsive disk 90 drives
  • the transmission rod 19 further drives the switch rod 191 to move to the left.
  • the movement process of the transmission rod is divided into two stages: in the first stage, due to the presence of the through hole 610, in the initial stage of the movement of the repulsive disk 90, the movement direction of the repulsive disk 90 is The high-pressure gas on the side can be discharged from the damper through-hole, and the force of the high-pressure gas on the repulsion disk is not large and constant, and the high-speed opening and closing movement of the transmission rod is ensured, and the switching time of the switch is not affected during use; In the second stage, the repulsive disk 90 moves to the left to the damping through hole. As the repulsive disk continues to move, the outer circumference of the repulsive disk gradually blocks the damping through hole until the blocking is completely blocked.
  • the aperture of the damper through hole for discharging high pressure gas is getting smaller and smaller, the discharge amount of the high pressure buffer gas is less and less, and the reaction force of the high pressure gas against the repulsion disk 90 is getting larger and larger, and the repulsive force is relatively large.
  • the buffering braking force of the disc is getting larger and larger, so that the speed of the repulsive disc is gradually reduced until the top block 18 of the driving rod contacts the second stopping block 121 to stop moving, that is, the opening process is completed, and the gas buffer is realized.
  • the repulsion operating mechanism When applied in the fast switch, the repulsion operating mechanism can quickly open the brake and realize braking in a very short distance and time after the opening is completed, thereby avoiding collision of the repulsion disk with the first and second coils.
  • the limit spring in the opening and closing holding mechanism is in the early stage of the movement of the repulsion disk, the top block 18 is approached to the limit sleeve, the limit spring is compressed, and the switch rod drives the top block to move to the left. When the sleeve is restrained, the limit spring is extended.
  • the limit spring applies a retaining force to the top block to keep the switch lever in the open position; At this time, the pulse power source 10 energizes the second coil 92, and a repulsive force is generated between the second coil 92 and the repulsive disk 90, and the movement of the switch lever is reversed.
  • the conductive metal members of the switch contacts are sequentially connected by the insulating connecting members.
  • the first switch contacts may be provided with conductive metal rings at intervals on the outer circumference of one insulating post.
  • the second switch contact may be formed by sequentially arranging a conductive metal ring on the inner wall of one insulating tube, and the outer peripheral surface of the conductive metal ring on the first switch contact coincides with the outer peripheral surface of the conductive metal ring on the second switch contact.
  • the lengths of the conductive metal members of the first and second switch contacts are equal, and the lengths of the insulating connectors are also equal.
  • the length of the conductive metal members on the first switch contacts may not be Equal to the length of the conductive metal member on the second switch contact
  • the length of the insulating connector on the first switch contact may not be equal to the length of the insulating connector on the second switch contact, as long as the first switch contact is satisfied
  • the length of the conductive metal member is greater than that of the second switch contact
  • the length of the edge connecting section and the length of the conductive metal piece on the second switch contact are greater than the length of the insulating connecting piece on the first switch contact, as shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the mechanical switch of this embodiment when it is closed.
  • the first and second switch contacts are all round tubular.
  • the inner hole shape may be a quadrilateral or a triangle or a hexagon.
  • the two sets of switch rods in the ultra-high speed switch of the embodiment of the invention all use the tubular structure, which not only has good centering performance during the opening and closing movement, but also greatly reduces the overall weight of the switch rod, and the two switch rods are in motion.
  • the relative offset or deformation is not easy to occur, and the stability of the opening and closing is ensured.
  • the outer diameter of the conductive metal piece of the first switch rod is just equal to the inner diameter of the conductive metal piece of the second switch rod, in the first and second When the relative movement of the switch rod is closed, the first and second conductive metal members can be closely contacted by the inner and outer circumferential surfaces, which not only has better motion stability, but also increases the flow area and improves the flow capacity.

Landscapes

  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Abstract

一种超高速机械开关及其开关断口及其开关触头，该超高速机械开关包括壳体，壳体内设有第一、第二开关触头，壳体还有用于驱动分合闸的操动机构，第一、第二开关触头上沿运动方向依次间隔设有导电金属件，每相邻两个导电金属件之间绝缘，导电金属件具有跨接长度，该跨接长度使满足：在合闸位置时，第一开关触头上的导电金属件依次跨接与其适配的第二开关触头上的相邻两个导电金属件并实现第一、第二开关触头的导通；在分闸位置时，第一开关触头上的导电金属件的至少一端位于与其适配的第二开关触头上的相邻两个导电金属件之间的间隔位置处并实现第一、第二开关触头的开断。该超高速机械开关分合闸时间较短，能够满足使用需求。

Description

一种超高速机械开关及其开关断口及其开关触头 技术领域
本发明涉及高压直流输电设备领域，尤其涉及一种超高速机械开关及其开关断口及其开关触头。
背景技术
基于柔性直流输电技术的多端直流输电在欧洲、北美、中国等国家和地区得到越来越多的应用，尽管目前世界上已有数个多端直流输电系统投入了运行，但由于缺乏直流断路器，使得多端高压直流输电的可靠性、灵活性、连续性受到很大的限制，对其推广应用造成了严重障碍，也对未来直流电网的构建带来了极大的影响。高压直流断路器的缺乏已经成为影响世界构建未来直流电网的瓶颈问题，其研制工作已迫在眉睫。
目前柔性直流及多端直流输电系统发生故障时，会产生很大的短路电流，并且故障电流上升非常快，需要直流断路器在极短的时间内完成开断。就电压等级为320kV直流侧电流上升速度为3.5kA/ms，假定正常运行线路上电流值为2kA，2ms后线路上的短路电流可以达到9kA，即一个能开端9kA电流的高压直流断路器必须在2ms的时间内快速动作，切断电流。现有的断路器真空灭弧室只能做到126kV等级以下，如果要满足200kV以上等级，必须多个真空灭弧室串联才能达到开断目的，这样对串联的多个真空灭弧室在控制开端的同步率上，具有较高的要求。技术成熟的200kV以上等级单断口断路器，只有六氟化硫灭弧室能够满足条件，而六氟化硫灭弧室也存在行程长、开断时间较长的问题，目前常规的六氟化硫断路器行程为二百毫米以上，开断时间为几十毫秒，远远达不到超高速开关的分合闸时间要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种分合闸时间较短的超高速机械开关；同时，本发明还提供一种适用于该超高速机械开关的开关断口；本发明还提供了一种适用于该超高速开关的开关触头。
本发明的超高速机械开关采用如下技术方案：
一种超高速机械开关，包括绝缘壳体，所述绝缘壳体内部设有开关断口，所述开关断口包括第一开关触头和第二开关触头，所述绝缘壳体内设有用于驱动第一、第二开关触头分合闸的操动机构，在合闸时第一、第二开关触头均处于合闸位置，在分闸时第一、第二开关触头均处于分闸位置，第一、第二开关触头上沿运动方向依次间隔设有导电金属件，每相邻两个导 电金属件之间的间隔位置处绝缘，所述导电金属件具有跨接长度，该跨接长度满足两个条件：第一，在合闸位置时，第一开关触头上的导电金属件依次跨接与其适配的第二开关触头上的相邻两个导电金属件并实现第一、第二开关触头的导通；第二，在分闸位置时，第一开关触头上的导电金属件的至少一端位于与其适配的第二开关触头上的相邻两个导电金属件之间的间隔位置处并实现第一、第二开关触头的开断。
所述第一、第二开关触头上的导电金属件均通过绝缘连接件依次绝缘隔开，所述第二开关触头具有与第一开关触头的外周面吻合配合且供第一开关触头插入并于触头轴向相对移动实现分合闸的插接孔。
所述第一、第二开关触头上的导电金属件和绝缘连接件均为圆管状，且第一开关触头和第二开关触头上的导电金属件的结构相同，第一开关触头和第二开关触头上的绝缘连接件结构相同，导电金属件的长度均大于绝缘连接件的长度。
本发明的开关断口采用如下技术方案：
一种开关断口，包括第一开关触头和第二开关触头，第一、第二开关触头在相应的操动机构的驱动下相对靠近或远离实现合闸或分闸，在合闸时第一、第二开关触头均处于合闸位置，在分闸时第一、第二开关触头均处于分闸位置，第一、第二开关触头上沿运动方向依次间隔设有导电金属件，每相邻两个导电金属件之间的间隔位置处绝缘，所述导电金属件具有跨接长度，该跨接长度使满足两个条件：第一，在合闸位置时，第一开关触头上的导电金属件依次跨接与其适配的第二开关触头上的相邻两个导电金属件并实现第一、第二开关触头的导通；第二，在分闸位置时，第一开关触头上的导电金属件的至少一端位于与其适配的第二开关触头上的相邻两个导电金属件之间的间隔位置处并实现第一、第二开关触头的开断。
所述第一、第二开关触头上的导电金属件均通过绝缘连接件依次绝缘隔开，所述第二开关触头具有与第一开关触头的外周面吻合配合且供第一开关触头插入并于触头轴向相对移动实现分合闸的插接孔。
所述第一、第二开关触头上的导电金属件和绝缘连接件均为圆管状，且第一开关触头和第二开关触头上的导电金属件的结构相同，第一开关触头和第二开关触头上的绝缘连接件结构相同，导电金属件的长度均大于绝缘连接件的长度。
本发明的开关触头采用如下技术方案：
一种开关触头，包括触头本体，所述触头本体沿运动方向依次间隔设有导电金属件，每相邻两个导电金属件之间的间隔位置处绝缘，所述导电金属件具有跨接长度，该跨接长度满足两个条件：第一，在合闸位置时，该触头本体上的导电金属件能够跨接与该触头本体适配的触 头本体上的相邻两个导电金属件；第二，在分闸位置时，该触头本体上的导电金属件的至少一端位于与其适配的触头本体上的相邻两个导电金属件之间的间隔位置处。
所述触头本体上的导电金属件通过绝缘连接件依次绝缘间隔，所述导电金属件和绝缘连接件均为管状。
所述触头本体上的各个导电金属件结构均相同，所述触头本体上的各个绝缘连接件结构均相同，且导电金属件的长度大于绝缘连接件的长度。
本发明的超高速机械开关的开关触头上沿运动方向依次间隔设有导电金属件，每相邻两个导电金属件之间的间隔位置处绝缘，导电金属件具有跨接长度，该跨接长度使满足两个条件：第一，在合闸位置时，第一开关触头上的导电金属件依次跨接与其适配的第二开关触头上的相邻两个导电金属件并实现第一、第二开关触头的导通；第二，在分闸位置时，第一开关触头上的导电金属件的至少一端位于与其适配的第二开关触头上的相邻两个导电金属件之间的间隔位置处并实现第一、第二开关触头的开断。本发明的这种开关在使用时，两个开关触头相互靠近或远离，开关触头上的导电金属件轴向位置相互交错时，第一开关触头上的导电金属件与对应的第二开关触头上的相邻两个导电金属件跨接，如此通过每个导电金属件的依次跨接，使得两个开关触头之间形成通流回路，即可实现合闸，在第一开关触头上的导电金属件的至少一端位于第二开关触头上的两个导电金属件之间的间隔位置时，每两个相邻的导电金属件之间绝缘隔开，不能形成通流回路，此时即为分闸，这种分合闸原理以及开关结构使得两个开关触头只需移动极短的距离，即使第一开关触头上的导电金属件的一端离开或接触第二开关触头上的导电金属件的一端即可实现分闸或合闸，分合闸行程较短，分合闸所需时间也较短。
进一步地，第一、第二开关触头上的导电金属件均通过绝缘连接件依次绝缘隔开，导电金属件通过绝缘连接件间隔连接提升了整个触头的强度，第一开关触头通过外周面与第二开关触头上的插接孔适配，两个触头同轴配合，提高了触头在分合闸运动时的稳定性。
进一步地，第二开关拉杆的导电金属件和绝缘连接件均为圆管状结构，大大减轻了开关触头的重量，在操动机构提供的驱动力有限的情况下，最大的提升了开关触头的运动加速度，减少了分合闸时间，同时，管状结构使得触头的导电接触面为圆柱面，通流面积较大，因通流产生的电场也比较稳定和均匀。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种超高速机械开关的实施例的结构示意图；
图2为图1中斥力操动机构Ⅰ的放大图；
图3为图1中第一开关拉杆的结构示意图；
图4为图1中第二开关拉杆的结构示意图；
图5为分闸位置时开关断口处的示意图；
图6为合闸位置时开关断口处的示意图；
图7为实施例二的分闸位置时开关断口处的示意图；
图8为实施例三的合闸位置时开关断口处的示意图；
图9为实施例三的分闸位置时开关断口处的示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明的一种超高速机械开关的实施例：如图1-6所示，包括密封的绝缘筒体1，绝缘筒体1的内部空间C中充满有高压六氟化硫，绝缘筒体1的两端分别相对间隔密封连接有结构相同的斥力操动机构Ⅰ和Ⅲ，斥力操动机构Ⅰ和Ⅲ分别传动连接有沿绝缘筒体1轴线方向延伸的开关拉杆191和192且开关拉杆191和192的相互靠近的两端分别设有第一、第二开关触头，绝缘筒体1的外周壁上分别密封连接有第一导电端A和第二导电端B，第一导电端A和第二导电端B位于过绝缘筒体轴线的同一平面内且分别设于绝缘筒体1的两侧，第一导电端A和第二导电端B分别与开关拉杆191和192上的开关触头导电连接，斥力操动机构Ⅰ和Ⅲ分别驱动开关拉杆191和192相对运动实现分合闸。
本发明实施例的斥力操动机构Ⅰ的具体结构如图2所示，包括沿绝缘筒体轴线延伸的传动拉杆19，传动拉杆19的右端与开关拉杆191同轴固定连接，传动拉杆19上固定有斥力盘90，斥力盘90所在平面与传动拉杆19垂直，斥力盘90的左右两侧分别相对设有两个绝缘块61、62，绝缘块61、62结构相同，绝缘块61、62上分别设有开口相对且开口均朝向斥力盘90的凹槽，绝缘块61、62上的凹槽与斥力盘90的外周吻合且凹槽的槽底分别固设有第一线圈91和第二线圈92，第一、第二线圈91、92的外径与斥力盘90的外径相同且与凹槽的槽径吻合，第一、第二线圈91、92均与斥力盘90平行且位于斥力盘90的两侧，绝缘块61、62的凹槽的靠近槽底的槽壁上周向均布有径向延伸的通孔610，所有的通孔位于垂直于轴线的同一圆周面内，传动拉杆19的左右两端分别穿过第一、第二线圈91、92以及绝缘块61、62，传动拉杆19与第一、第二线圈91、92以及绝缘块61、62滑动配合，绝缘块61、62的与传动拉杆19滑动配合的孔中设有用于密封的密封圈600，绝缘块61、62开口相对并固定安装在金属固定套筒21中，绝缘块61、62的相对远离的两端的外周面上分别设有外凸沿，这两个外凸沿直径相等且等于固定套筒21的内孔直径，在绝缘块61、62的两个外凸沿之间，绝缘块61、62的外周面和固定套筒21的内壁面之间具有一定 的供缓冲介质流通的流动通道，两个绝缘块的凹槽组成一个绝缘空腔，固定套筒21右端具有挡止绝缘块61的筒底，左侧开口处具有用于连接的外法兰，固定套筒21的左侧开口端连接有金属固定座4，固定座4为左右延伸的筒状，且其两端分别设有连接法兰41、42，连接法兰41通过螺钉与固定套筒21的外法兰连接且连接法兰41的法兰面顶压在绝缘块62的左端面，连接法兰41与固定套筒21的右侧筒底相互配合将绝缘块61、62压紧固定在一起，第一、第二线圈91、92和绝缘块61、62的侧壁共同围合形成缓冲腔7，传动拉杆19的左右两端分别伸出固定座4的法兰面和固定套筒21的筒底且与法兰面和筒底的中心孔密封滑动配合，传动拉杆19上固定的斥力盘90能够在绝缘块61、62对合成的缓冲腔7内左右往复滑动实现分合闸，固定套筒21的圆周筒壁上均匀设有长条孔211且呈格栅状，需要说明的是，在使用时固定套筒21设于一个密封的充满高压气体的空间内，高压气体能够通过长条孔211充满缓冲腔体，即缓冲介质为高压气体，同时长条孔211还可以使缓冲腔7内的气体在斥力盘运动时由通孔排出后能够排到固定套筒的外部密封空间内，当然，在其他实施例中，固定套筒的筒壁上可以开设其他形状或其他排列方式的孔，或者固定套筒的筒壁不开孔，此时，斥力盘运动方向一侧的阻尼通孔排出的气体可以通过流动通道从背向斥力盘运动方向一侧的阻尼孔中进入缓冲腔。在其他实施例中，缓冲介质也可以采用其他介质，如液压油等，此时阻尼通孔需要连通液压油舱。固定套筒21的右侧筒底上绕传动拉杆19均匀设有长孔212，且筒底上还设有供与第一、第二线圈91、92连接的导线101出线的出线孔，通过设置长孔212降低了整个装置的重量。
传动拉杆19伸出固定座4的连接法兰41的端部设有顶块18，顶块18垂直于传动拉杆19且对称与传动拉杆19上下延伸，固定座4侧壁上设有分合闸保持结构5，直接将分合闸保持机构固定在固定座上使得结构更简单，当然，在其他实施方式中，分合闸保持机构还可以固定在其他固定件上。分合闸保持机构5包括上下对称设于固定座4的侧壁上的两个限位套筒50，两个限位套筒50的筒心与顶块18位于同一平面，两个限位套筒50的开口端与筒状固定座4的内壁面平齐，两个限位套筒50中分别套装有限位弹簧51，限位弹簧51的外周与限位套筒50的内孔吻合配合，避免了限位弹簧在套筒内径向偏移，限位套筒50内还滑动装配有滑块52，限位弹簧位于滑块52和限位套筒50的筒底之间，两个滑块52的一端面顶压在限位弹簧51的一端，另一端分别通过连接块17与顶块18的上下两端铰接，在传动拉杆19左右水平移动时上下两个滑块52分别上下滑动并挤压和放松上下两个限位套筒50中的限位弹簧51，限位套筒50的筒底还装有调节螺栓53，调节螺栓53与调节套筒50筒底的螺纹孔螺纹配合，调节螺栓53伸入筒底的一端连接有调节压板54，调节压板54顶 压在限位弹簧51的端部，调整调节螺栓53伸入筒底的长度可以实现对限位弹簧51长度的调节。
固定座4的连接法兰41的法兰面上于传动拉杆19伸出的一侧设有第一挡止块122，第一挡止块122有两个且对称设于传动拉杆19的上下两侧并位于顶块18的右侧，上下两个第一挡止块122分别对应于顶块18的上下两端，在传动拉杆19向右运动时第一挡止块122用于限制挡止顶块18向右移动的最远位置，即合闸行程；固定座4的内孔中心处还设有第二挡止块121，第二挡止块121位于顶块18的左侧，在传动拉杆19向左移动时第二挡止块121用于挡止限位顶块18向左移动的最远距离，即分闸行程。固定座4的连接法兰42连接有金属盖板3，盖板3上通过螺钉连接有接线端子110，接线端子110中注塑包裹有与脉冲电源10连接的导线100，脉冲电源10固定设在接线端子110的左侧，将脉冲电源10设于金属固定座4的一端有利于减小线路感抗，提高电能转换效率，同时使整个机构结构更紧凑，当然，在其他实施例中，考虑到其他实际因素可以适当调整脉冲电源的安装位置。导线100直接与两个第一、第二线圈91、92连接，这样可以使得通电线路最短，避免因导线过长而产生的电阻和电感对脉冲电流产生影响。
本发明超高速机械开关实施例的开关断口Ⅱ包括第一开关拉杆191和第二开关拉杆192，第一开关拉杆191的结构如图3所示，包括用于与斥力操动机构Ⅰ的传动杆连接的连接部1911，连接部1911同轴连接有绝缘连杆1912，两个绝缘连杆1912上连接第一开关触头，第一开关触头与绝缘连杆1912同轴连接，第一开关触头由五段导电金属管和四段绝缘连接管依次间隔相连组成，使用管状结构大大减轻了开关触头的重量，在一定的分合闸驱动力下大大提高了开关拉杆的分合闸运动加速度，进一步减小了分合闸时间，当然，在其他实施例中，可以用实心的圆柱形导电金属件和实心的圆柱形绝缘连接件分别对应代替导电金属管和绝缘连接管，第一开关拉杆上的开关触头的导电金属件和绝缘连接件的具体数量也可以根据需要设计选择。五段导电金属管直径相同，四段绝缘连接管直径相同，五段导电金属管的长度均大于四段绝缘连接管的长度，绝缘连杆1912的右端与导电金属管1913的左端连接，1913的右端依次连接其他导电金属管和绝缘连接管，如图中绝缘连接管1914和导电金属管1915的连接关系；第二开关拉杆192的结构如图4所示，第二开关拉杆192的结构与第一开关拉杆191相对应，包括用于与斥力操动机构Ⅲ的传动杆连接的连接部1921，连接部1921上同轴连接有绝缘连杆1922，两个绝缘连杆1922上连接有第二开关触头，第二开关触头与绝缘连杆1922同轴连接，第二开关触头由四段导电金属管和三段绝缘连接管依次间隔相连，其中，导电金属管和绝缘连接管的内孔即为与第一开关触头的外周面吻合配合且 供第一开关触头插入并于触头轴向相对移动插接孔，在其他实施例中，第一开关拉杆上的第一开关触头的导电金属件和绝缘连接件的具体数量也可以根据需要设计选择。第二开关拉杆上的这些导电金属管和绝缘连接管的形状与第一开关拉杆上的导电金属管和绝缘连接管相同，绝缘连杆1922的左端与导电金属管1923的右端连接，1923的左端依次连接其他导电金属管和绝缘连接管，如图中1924、1925以及1926的连接关系；其中第二开关拉杆192上的金属导电管的内径刚好等于第一开关拉杆191上的金属导电管的外径，第一开关拉杆191上的开关触头刚好能够插合在第二开关拉杆192的开关触头内。
本发明的实施例中，第一开关拉杆191上的导电金属管1913与第一导电端A的拉杆连接座4a导电连接，拉杆连接座4a具有沿开关拉杆轴线方向延伸的连接套管和垂直设于连接套管中部的连接端口，连接套管的两端分别设有屏蔽环5a，拉杆连接座4a的连接套管套装在第一开关拉杆191上的导电金属管1913外周且吻合配合，拉杆连接座4a的连接端口中通过弹簧触指导电连接有导电管3a，导电管3a的另一端通过弹簧触指导电连接于固设在绝缘盆子1a中部的电连接2a中，相同的，第二开关拉杆192上的导电金属管1923与第二导电端B的拉杆连接座4b导电连接，拉杆连接座4b同样具有沿开关拉杆轴线方向延伸的连接套管和垂直设于连接套管中部的连接端口，连接套管的两端设有屏蔽环5b，拉杆连接座4b的连接套管套装在第二开关拉杆192上的导电金属管1923外周且吻合配合，拉杆连接座4b的连接端口中通过弹簧触指导电连接有导电管3b，导电管3b的另一端通过弹簧触指导电连接于固设在绝缘盆子1b中部的电连接2b中。
本发明的超高速开关实施例实现分合闸的原理如下：第一开关拉杆191和第二开关拉杆192在斥力操动机构的驱动下相互靠近或远离，第一开关拉杆191和第二开关拉杆192上的开关触头上的导电金属件具有两种位置关系，第一种：在第一开关拉杆191上的开关触头上的导电金属件轴向运动到与第二开关拉杆192上的开关触头上的绝缘连接件轴向位置相同时，第一开关拉杆191上的导电金属件依次跨接第二开关拉杆192上的开关触头的导电金属件，如图6所示，1913、1926、1915、1924直到1923依次连通，此时，第一开关拉杆191和第二开关拉杆192形成导电通路，电流能够从第一导电端A导通至第二导电端B，即为开关合闸；第二种：在第一开关拉杆191上的开关触头上的导电金属件运动到与第二开关拉杆192上的开关触头上的导电金属件轴向位置相同时，第一开关拉杆191和第二开关拉杆192上的导电金属件和绝缘连接件轴向位置相同且依次隔开，如图5所示，1913和1915之间由1914隔开，1915和1924之间由1925隔开，此时，第一开关拉杆191和第二开关拉杆192之间不能形成导通的电流回路，即为开关分闸，需要说明的是，在第一开关拉杆191和 第二开关拉杆192运动行程中，第一开关拉杆191的导电金属件1913始终与第一导电端A的拉杆连接座4a导电连接，第二开关拉杆192上的导电金属件1923始终与第二导电端B的拉杆连接座4b导电连接。
本发明实施例的斥力操动机构的工作过程如下：在分闸时，传动拉杆19处于合闸位置，即传动拉杆上的顶块18位于运动行程的最右端，斥力盘位于封闭绝缘腔体的最右端，脉冲电源10对第一线圈91通电，斥力盘90产生感应涡流，感应涡流与第一线圈91的电流方向相反，斥力盘90和第一线圈91之间产生斥力，从而斥力盘90带动传动拉杆19进而带动开关拉杆191向左运动，其中，传动拉杆的运动过程分为两个阶段：第一阶段，由于通孔610的存在，在斥力盘90的运动初期，斥力盘90运动方向一侧的高压气体能够从阻尼通孔中排出，高压气体对斥力盘的方作用力不大且不变，保证传动拉杆的高速分合闸运动，在使用时不会影响开关的分合闸时间；第二阶段，斥力盘90向左运动到阻尼通孔处，随着斥力盘的继续运动，斥力盘的外圆周会逐渐封堵阻尼通孔直至完全封堵阻尼通孔，这段过程中，阻尼通孔的供高压气体排出的孔径越来越小，高压缓冲气体的排出量越来越少，高压气体对斥力盘90的反作用力越来越大，对斥力盘的缓冲制动力越来越大，使斥力盘的速度逐渐减小，直至传动拉杆的顶块18与第二挡止块121接触停止运动，即完成分闸过程，通过这样的气体缓冲实现了该斥力操动机构在应用在快速开关中时，能够快速分闸，并在分闸完成之后的极短距离和时间内实现制动，避免斥力盘与第一、第二线圈的碰撞。在整个分闸过程中，分合闸保持机构中的限位弹簧在斥力盘的运动前期，顶块18向限位套筒靠近，限位弹簧被压缩，在开关拉杆带动顶块向左运动过限位套筒时，限位弹簧伸长，在开关拉杆运动到顶块与限位挡止快121接触时，限位弹簧会对顶块施加一个保持力，保持开关拉杆处于分闸位置；合闸时，脉冲电源10对第二线圈92通电，第二线圈92和斥力盘90之间产生斥力，开关拉杆的运动过程相反。
本实施例中，开关触头的导电金属件通过绝缘连接件依次间隔连接，在其他实施例中，第一开关触头可以采用在一根绝缘柱的外周依次间隔设置导电金属圈，同样的，第二开关触头可以采用在一根绝缘管的内壁依次间隔设置导电金属圈，第一次开关触头上的导电金属圈的外周面与第二开关触头上的导电金属圈的外周面吻合配合，如图7所示。
本实施例中，第一、第二开关触头的导电金属件长度均相等，绝缘连接件的长度也都相等，在其他实施例中，第一开关触头上的导电金属件的长度可以不等于第二开关触头上的导电金属件的长度，第一开关触头上的绝缘连接件的长度也可以不等于第二开关触头上的绝缘连接件的长度，只要满足第一开关触头上的导电金属件的长度大于第二开关触头上的绝 缘连接段的长度以及第二开关触头上的导电金属件的长度大于第一开关触头上的绝缘连接件的长度即可，如图8所示即为这种实施方式的机械开关分闸时的示意图，图9所示即为这种实施方式的机械开关合闸时的示意图。
本实施例中，第一、第二开关触头均为圆管状，在其他实施例中，可以采用内孔形状为四边形或三角形或六边形等。
本发明实施例的超高速开关中的两组开关拉杆均使用管状结构，不仅在分合闸运动过程中对心性能较好，同时大大减轻了开关拉杆的整体重量，两个开关拉杆在运动过程中也不容易发生相对偏移或变形，保证了分合闸的稳定性，第一开关拉杆的导电金属件的外径刚好等于第二开关拉杆的导电金属件的内径，在第一、第二开关拉杆相对运动实现合闸时，第一、第二导电金属件两端能够通过内外圆周面紧密接触，不仅具有较好的运动稳定性，还增大了通流面积，提升了通流能力。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种超高速机械开关，包括绝缘壳体，所述绝缘壳体内部设有开关断口，所述开关断口包括第一开关触头和第二开关触头，所述绝缘壳体内设有用于驱动第一、第二开关触头分合闸的操动机构，在合闸时第一、第二开关触头均处于合闸位置，在分闸时第一、第二开关触头均处于分闸位置，其特征在于，第一、第二开关触头上沿运动方向依次间隔设有导电金属件，每相邻两个导电金属件之间的间隔位置处绝缘，所述导电金属件具有跨接长度，该跨接长度满足两个条件：第一，在合闸位置时，第一开关触头上的导电金属件依次跨接与其适配的第二开关触头上的相邻两个导电金属件并实现第一、第二开关触头的导通；第二，在分闸位置时，第一开关触头上的导电金属件的至少一端位于与其适配的第二开关触头上的相邻两个导电金属件之间的间隔位置处并实现第一、第二开关触头的开断。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的超高速机械开关，其特征在于，所述第一、第二开关触头上的导电金属件均通过绝缘连接件依次绝缘隔开，所述第二开关触头具有与第一开关触头的外周面吻合配合且供第一开关触头插入并于触头轴向相对移动实现分合闸的插接孔。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的超高速机械开关，其特征在于，所述第一、第二开关触头上的导电金属件和绝缘连接件均为圆管状，且第一开关触头和第二开关触头上的导电金属件的结构相同，第一开关触头和第二开关触头上的绝缘连接件结构相同，导电金属件的长度均大于绝缘连接件的长度。
  4. 一种开关断口，包括第一开关触头和第二开关触头，第一、第二开关触头在相应的操动机构的驱动下相对靠近或远离实现合闸或分闸，在合闸时第一、第二开关触头均处于合闸位置，在分闸时第一、第二开关触头均处于分闸位置，其特征在于，第一、第二开关触头上沿运动方向依次间隔设有导电金属件，每相邻两个导电金属件之间的间隔位置处绝缘，所述导电金属件具有跨接长度，该跨接长度使满足两个条件：第一，在合闸位置时，第一开关触头上的导电金属件依次跨接与其适配的第二开关触头上的相邻两个导电金属件并实现第一、第二开关触头的导通；第二，在分闸位置时，第一开关触头上的导电金属件的至少一端位于与其适配的第二开关触头上的相邻两个导电金属件之间的间隔位置处并实现第一、第二开关触头的开断。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的开关断口，其特征在于，所述第一、第二开关触头上 的导电金属件均通过绝缘连接件依次绝缘隔开，所述第二开关触头具有与第一开关触头的外周面吻合配合且供第一开关触头插入并于触头轴向相对移动实现分合闸的插接孔。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的开关断口，其特征在于，所述第一、第二开关触头上的导电金属件和绝缘连接件均为圆管状，且第一开关触头和第二开关触头上的导电金属件的结构相同，第一开关触头和第二开关触头上的绝缘连接件结构相同，导电金属件的长度均大于绝缘连接件的长度。
  7. 一种开关触头，其特征在于，包括触头本体，所述触头本体沿运动方向依次间隔设有导电金属件，每相邻两个导电金属件之间的间隔位置处绝缘，所述导电金属件具有跨接长度，该跨接长度满足两个条件：第一，在合闸位置时，该触头本体上的导电金属件能够跨接与该触头本体适配的触头本体上的相邻两个导电金属件；第二，在分闸位置时，该触头本体上的导电金属件的至少一端位于与其适配的触头本体上的相邻两个导电金属件之间的间隔位置处。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的开关触头，其特征在于，所述触头本体上的导电金属件通过绝缘连接件依次绝缘间隔，所述导电金属件和绝缘连接件均为管状。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的开关触头，其特征在于，所述触头本体上的各个导电金属件结构均相同，所述触头本体上的各个绝缘连接件结构均相同，且导电金属件的长度大于绝缘连接件的长度。
PCT/CN2015/092027 2014-10-16 2015-10-15 一种超高速机械开关及其开关断口及其开关触头 WO2016058549A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201410547898.4 2014-10-16
CN201410547898.4A CN104332345B (zh) 2014-10-16 2014-10-16 一种超高速机械开关及其开关断口及其开关触头

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016058549A1 true WO2016058549A1 (zh) 2016-04-21

Family

ID=52407055

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2015/092027 WO2016058549A1 (zh) 2014-10-16 2015-10-15 一种超高速机械开关及其开关断口及其开关触头

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN104332345B (zh)
WO (1) WO2016058549A1 (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107817008A (zh) * 2017-11-11 2018-03-20 河南森源电气股份有限公司 一种操动机构转轴用工位感应盘
CN112713046A (zh) * 2020-12-11 2021-04-27 平高集团有限公司 一种缓冲装置、操动机构及极速开断高压开关

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104332345B (zh) * 2014-10-16 2017-03-01 平高集团有限公司 一种超高速机械开关及其开关断口及其开关触头
CN104362050B (zh) * 2014-10-16 2017-07-28 平高集团有限公司 一种斥力操动机构
CN109036951B (zh) * 2018-08-29 2024-04-16 浙江紫光电器有限公司 一种多断口高压断路器的模块
CN109036952B (zh) * 2018-08-29 2024-04-16 浙江紫光电器有限公司 一种真空断路器的开合闸加速机构
CN108878211A (zh) * 2018-08-29 2018-11-23 浙江紫光电器有限公司 一种高压双断口断路器的同步机构
CN111751602B (zh) * 2020-07-15 2022-04-08 武汉启亦电气有限公司 一种用于配网绝缘导线的验电器

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201104318Y (zh) * 2007-09-14 2008-08-20 山东泰开隔离开关有限公司 自力式触指结构的双柱п型户外三相交流高压隔离开关
CN202258973U (zh) * 2011-07-19 2012-05-30 沈阳华利能源设备制造有限公司 一种三工位隔离开关
CN202454478U (zh) * 2012-02-27 2012-09-26 山东兴驰高压开关有限公司 一种三工位开关
WO2013161285A1 (ja) * 2012-04-26 2013-10-31 株式会社 東芝 操作機構、及び、その操作機構を備える電力用開閉装置
CN104332345A (zh) * 2014-10-16 2015-02-04 平高集团有限公司 一种超高速机械开关及其开关断口及其开关触头
CN104347304A (zh) * 2014-10-16 2015-02-11 平高集团有限公司 一种超高速机械开关
CN204230133U (zh) * 2014-10-16 2015-03-25 平高集团有限公司 超高速机械开关及其开关断口及其开关触头
CN204332796U (zh) * 2014-10-16 2015-05-13 平高集团有限公司 超高速机械开关

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57124816A (en) * 1981-01-27 1982-08-03 Nissin Electric Co Ltd Power breaker
JP2500652Y2 (ja) * 1991-09-19 1996-06-12 東京電力株式会社 母線接続装置
JP4050023B2 (ja) * 2001-09-17 2008-02-20 三菱電機株式会社 絶縁操作ロッド
CN101849269B (zh) * 2007-11-06 2012-09-05 富士电机株式会社 电磁铁装置

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201104318Y (zh) * 2007-09-14 2008-08-20 山东泰开隔离开关有限公司 自力式触指结构的双柱п型户外三相交流高压隔离开关
CN202258973U (zh) * 2011-07-19 2012-05-30 沈阳华利能源设备制造有限公司 一种三工位隔离开关
CN202454478U (zh) * 2012-02-27 2012-09-26 山东兴驰高压开关有限公司 一种三工位开关
WO2013161285A1 (ja) * 2012-04-26 2013-10-31 株式会社 東芝 操作機構、及び、その操作機構を備える電力用開閉装置
CN104332345A (zh) * 2014-10-16 2015-02-04 平高集团有限公司 一种超高速机械开关及其开关断口及其开关触头
CN104347304A (zh) * 2014-10-16 2015-02-11 平高集团有限公司 一种超高速机械开关
CN204230133U (zh) * 2014-10-16 2015-03-25 平高集团有限公司 超高速机械开关及其开关断口及其开关触头
CN204332796U (zh) * 2014-10-16 2015-05-13 平高集团有限公司 超高速机械开关

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107817008A (zh) * 2017-11-11 2018-03-20 河南森源电气股份有限公司 一种操动机构转轴用工位感应盘
CN112713046A (zh) * 2020-12-11 2021-04-27 平高集团有限公司 一种缓冲装置、操动机构及极速开断高压开关
CN112713046B (zh) * 2020-12-11 2022-09-30 平高集团有限公司 一种缓冲装置、操动机构及极速开断高压开关

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN104332345B (zh) 2017-03-01
CN104332345A (zh) 2015-02-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2016058549A1 (zh) 一种超高速机械开关及其开关断口及其开关触头
WO2016058550A1 (zh) 一种超高速机械开关
WO2016058548A1 (zh) 一种斥力操动机构
CN104576175B (zh) 一种高压双断口断路器
EP2930731B1 (en) Self-blast circuit breaker reusing arc heat
CN100454462C (zh) 一种用于gis的特高压断路器
CN204230133U (zh) 超高速机械开关及其开关断口及其开关触头
CN111463061A (zh) 真空灭弧室及真空断路器
CN204332796U (zh) 超高速机械开关
CN204332869U (zh) 斥力操动机构
US11145476B2 (en) Electric high-voltage circuit breaker
CN2906887Y (zh) 特高压断路器多级灭弧分断装置
JP5175322B2 (ja) 並列の定格電流経路を備えたサーキット・ブレーカ
WO2013175565A1 (ja) ガス遮断器
CN105185648A (zh) 一种真空开关管
CN1767114A (zh) 特高压断路器四极倍速分断触头
KR101678000B1 (ko) 가스절연개폐장치 차단기의 이중동작 구조
CN100414655C (zh) 用于特高压断路器的双向储能高速分断触头
CN100442411C (zh) 特高压断路器多级灭弧分断装置
CN214588592U (zh) 一种快速灭弧室固封极柱
CN116936298A (zh) 一种直流断路器及其柔性直流电网中的快速机械开关设备
CN200953325Y (zh) 用于特高压断路器的双向储能高速分断触头
CN200986885Y (zh) 一种用于gis的特高压断路器
CN100454461C (zh) 双断口组合柱式特高压倍速分断断路器
CN203562335U (zh) 一种永磁弹簧直线运动装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 15850269

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 15850269

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1