WO2016052440A1

WO2016052440A1 - Dust removal structure, dust removal filter, and dust removal method

Info

Publication number: WO2016052440A1
Application number: PCT/JP2015/077391
Authority: WO
Inventors: 滋樹高木; 尚士高橋; 美穂厳原; 安田　正俊
Original assignee: 株式会社ビオスタ; 有限会社Ｉｍｐ
Priority date: 2014-10-02
Filing date: 2015-09-28
Publication date: 2016-04-07
Also published as: JPWO2016052440A1

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a dust removal structure capable of efficiently removing dust using static electricity. [Solution] A dust removal structure (100) for removing dust in a fluid is equipped with planar first members (110, 111, 112) that are permeable to the fluid and take a positive charge and planar second members (130, 131, 132) that are permeable to the fluid and take a negative charge. The first members and the second members are stacked with their surfaces facing each other and are disposed so that relative displacement while maintaining at least partial contact between the mutual surfaces is possible.

Description

Dust removal structure, dust removal filter, and dust removal method

This disclosure relates to a dust removal structure, a dust removal filter, and a dust removal method, and more particularly, to a dust removal structure, a dust removal filter, and a dust removal method using static electricity.

When charged dust is floating in the fluid, the dust is adsorbed to the material by the Coulomb force between the material charged to the opposite charge. For example, documents such as JP 2002-126574 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 1), JP 2011-235219 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 2), and JP 2011-5398 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 3). Then, using this phenomenon, a method of charging and removing dust by charging a cloth material or the like has been proposed.

JP 2002-126574 A JP 2011-235219 A JP 2011-5398 A

The above method is based on the premise that the dust to be adsorbed and removed is charged. However, the actual air dust may not be charged. In this case, dust that is not negatively charged is not in principle adsorbed to the material. In other words, in the removal based on the premise of dust charging, the removal efficiency for the actual dust in the air may not always be high.

The present disclosure has been made in view of such problems, and an object thereof is to provide a dust removal structure, a dust removal filter, and a dust removal method capable of efficiently removing dust using static electricity. One of them.

According to one embodiment, the dust removal structure is a structure for removing dust in a fluid, and has a fluid-permeable, positively charged first surface-shaped member, and fluid permeation. And a negatively charged surface-shaped second member, wherein the first member and the second member are stacked with their surfaces facing each other, and at least of the surfaces of each other It is arranged so as to be relatively displaceable while maintaining some contact state.

Preferably, each of the first member and the second member has one or more fluid-permeable portions, and the first member and the second member are stacked with their surfaces facing each other. In this case, at least one transmission part of the one or more transmission parts of the first member is overlapped with a surface that is not the transmission part of the second member.

Preferably, the material of the first member and the material of the second member are different materials.
Preferably, the first member includes any one of nylon, acrylic, polypropylene, and wool, and the second member includes any one of polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, urethane, polyethylene terephthalate, and modified polyethylene terephthalate. Including.

According to another embodiment, the dust removal filter is a filter for removing dust in a fluid, and includes a first fiber layer having fluid permeability and fibers forming the first fiber layer. The second fiber layer is formed of different fibers and laminated on the first fiber layer, and the first fiber layer and the second fiber layer can be relatively displaced while maintaining contact with each other. Is arranged.

Preferably, the dust removal filter has an adhesive structure for fixing the second fiber layer to the first fiber layer, and the adhesive structure is between the first fiber layer and the second fiber layer. The second fiber layer is fixed to the first fiber layer while leaving at least a partial region of the first fiber layer, so that the first fiber layer and the second fiber layer are kept in contact with the other fiber layer. And relatively displaceable.

Preferably, the dust removal filter further includes a spacer that is disposed between the first fiber layer and the second fiber layer and that maintains a space between the first fiber layer and the second fiber layer. .

Preferably, the first fiber layer includes any of nylon, acrylic, polypropylene, and wool, and the second fiber layer is any of polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, urethane, polyethylene terephthalate, and modified polyethylene terephthalate. Including

According to another embodiment, the dust removing method is a method for removing dust in a fluid, and has a structure in which a first member and a second member having a fluid-permeable surface shape are stacked. A step of charging the first member positively and charging the second member negatively and passing the fluid through the dust removal filter of the dust removal filter; Is arranged so as to be relatively displaceable while maintaining a contact state with respect to the other member, and the step of negatively charging is relatively displaced while maintaining the contact state between the first member and the second member. To charge each of them positively and negatively.

Preferably, the dust removing filter has an adhesive structure for fixing the first member and the second member leaving at least a part of the region, and the step of negatively charging the dust removing filter in the fluid flow path, By installing the adhesive structure as an upstream side and forming an angle with the flow path direction, the first member and the second member are maintained in contact with each other and relatively displaced by the fluid. Including charging to positive and negative.

According to this disclosure, dust can be efficiently removed using static electricity.

It is a figure for expressing the outline of the dust removal structure concerning an embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the dust removal principle in a dust removal structure. It is a figure showing an example of installation of the filter which has a dust removal structure. It is a figure for demonstrating the deformation | transformation of the filter installed in the airflow. It is the schematic for demonstrating the structure of an experimental apparatus. It is a figure for demonstrating the filter used in 1st experiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the filter used in 1st experiment. It is a figure showing the measurement result in the 1st experiment. It is a figure showing the measurement result in the 1st experiment. It is a figure showing the measurement result in the 1st experiment. It is a figure showing the measurement result in the 1st experiment. It is a figure showing the measurement result in the 1st experiment. It is a figure showing the measurement result in the 1st experiment. It is a figure showing the measurement result in the 1st experiment. It is a figure showing the measurement result in the 1st experiment. It is a figure showing the measurement result in the 1st experiment. It is a figure showing the measurement result in the 1st experiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the consideration from the measurement result in a 1st experiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the consideration from the measurement result in a 1st experiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the consideration from the measurement result in a 1st experiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the consideration from the measurement result in a 1st experiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the consideration from the measurement result in a 1st experiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the consideration from the measurement result in a 1st experiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the filter used in 2nd experiment. It is the schematic of the spacer used for the 2nd experiment. It is a figure showing the measurement result in the 2nd experiment. It is a figure showing the measurement result in the 2nd experiment. It is a figure showing the measurement result in the 2nd experiment. It is a figure showing the measurement result in the 2nd experiment. It is a figure showing the measurement result in the 2nd experiment. It is a figure showing the measurement result in the 2nd experiment. It is a figure showing the measurement result in the 2nd experiment. It is a figure showing the measurement result in the 2nd experiment. It is a figure showing the measurement result in the 2nd experiment. It is a figure showing the measurement result in the 2nd experiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the other example of a spacer. It is a figure explaining the example which used the filter as a mask. It is a figure showing the flow of the method of removing the dust in the fluid using a filter.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same parts and components are denoted by the same reference numerals. Their names and functions are also the same. Therefore, these descriptions will not be repeated.

<Overview>
FIG. 1 is a diagram for illustrating an outline of a dust removing structure 100 according to the present embodiment. Referring to FIG. 1, the dust removing structure 100 is formed of a plurality of positively-charged

members

110, 111, and 112, which are formed of a positively charged material, and a negatively charged material. And

negative charging members

130, 131, 132 which are a plurality of surface-shaped members. Each positive charging member and each negative charging member are arranged (stacked) alternately facing each other with their surfaces facing each other.

The

positive charging members

110, 111, and 112 and the

negative charging members

130, 131, and 132 are formed of a material having permeability of fluid, for example, air. As an example, a cloth-like member (nonwoven fabric) can be cited as a material for these members. As another example, the

positive charging members

110, 111, and 112 and the

negative charging members

130, 131, and 132 may be plate-like members provided with air holes. By arranging these members so as to overlap each other, at least one portion where the fluid existing in each member permeates does not match between the overlapping members.

The

positive charging members

110, 111, and 112 include members made of nylon, acrylic, polypropylene, or wool. The

negative charging members

130, 131, and 132 include members made of any of polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, urethane, polyethylene terephthalate, and modified polyethylene terephthalate. More preferably, the

positive charging members

110, 111, and 112 are made of an acrylic material, for example. The

negative charging members

130, 131, and 132 are made of styrene, for example.

The plus charging

members

110, 111, and 112 and the

minus charging members

130, 131, and 132 are stacked with their surfaces facing each other. Further, the

positive charging members

110, 111, and 112 and the

negative charging members

130, 131, and 132 are disposed so as to be relatively displaceable while maintaining contact with the other members. That is, the

positive charging members

110, 111, 112 and the

negative charging members

130, 131, 132 are fixed so as to be relatively displaceable, leaving at least a partial region between the overlapping members. As an example, as shown in FIG. 1, one side of the

positive charging members

110, 111, 112 and the

negative charging members

130, 131, 132 is fixed by the frame 101. This fixing may be heat-bonding or adhesive bonding. Further, since at least a part of the region is not fixed between the overlapping members, the bonding is not limited to one side and may be a single point. By being fixed in this way, each member is arranged so as to be relatively displaceable while maintaining contact with the overlapping members. Thereby, friction arises between the overlapping members. As a result, the

positive charging members

110, 111, and 112 are positively charged, and the

negative charging members

130, 131, and 132 are negatively charged.

<Dust removal principle>
FIG. 2 is a view for explaining the principle of dust removal in the dust removal structure 100. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the positive charge member 110 and the negative charge member 130 in the dust removal structure 100 in order to explain the dust removal principle.

The positive charging member 110 and the negative charging member 130 each have a plurality of vent holes. When these members are nonwoven fabrics, the pores formed in the nonwoven fabric correspond to vent holes. When these members are plates, vent holes are provided in the plates. As shown in FIG. 2, the positive charging member 110 and the negative charging member 130 are laminated so that the air holes do not overlap. That is, at least one of the vent holes provided in the positive charging member 110 is laminated so as to face the surface of the negative charging member 130 that is not the vent hole.

The dust removing structure 100 is installed such that the surface of each planar member forms an angle with respect to the flow path. In the example of FIG. 2, the positive charging member 110 is disposed on the upstream side, and the negative charging member 130 is disposed on the downstream side. In FIG. 2, the dotted arrow represents the airflow.

Referring to FIG. 2, the surface positive charging member 110 and the negative charging member 130 are positively and negatively charged, respectively. Dust that is airborne particles is a mixed particle of negatively charged particles 601 that are negatively charged particles, positively charged particles 602 that are positively charged particles, and uncharged particles 603.

When the mixed particles approach the positive charging member 110 and the negative charging member 130 by the air flow and pass through the respective air holes, the negative charging particles 601 are adsorbed on the positive charging member 110 and trapped on the surface thereof. The positively charged particles 602 are adsorbed on the negatively charged member 130 and captured on the surface thereof. The particles 603 are not adsorbed to either the positive charging member 110 or the negative charging member 130. Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the vent hole provided in the positive charging member 110 faces the surface of the negative charging member 130 where the vent hole is not formed, and the vent hole provided in the negative charging member 130 is It faces the surface of the positive charging member 110 where no vent hole is formed. Therefore, there is a high possibility that the particles 603 that move in the airflow collide with a surface on which no vent hole is formed after passing through the vent hole due to inertial force due to movement. In the example of FIG. 2, the particles 603 collide with the surface of the negative charging member 130 after passing through the vent hole of the positive charging member 110. When the particles 603 that are not negatively charged come into contact with the negative charging member 130, the particles 603 are negatively charged. The negatively charged particles 603 are adsorbed on the positive charging member 110 adjacent to the negative charging member 130 and captured on the surface thereof.

That is, the dust removing structure 100 not only adsorbs and captures the negatively charged particles 601 and the positively charged particles 602 by the positively charged member 110 and the negatively charged member 130, but also charges the uncharged particles 603 to positively. Captured by the charging member 110 and the negative charging member 130.

<Installation of filter>
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of installation of a filter having the dust removing structure 100. Specifically, referring to FIG. 3, each member of the filter having the dust removing structure 100 is disposed so as to form an angle with respect to the fluid flow path, with the frame 101 as an upstream side, for example. In FIG. 3, white arrows represent the strength and direction of the airflow.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the deformation of the filter installed in the airflow. In FIG. 4, white arrows represent the strength and direction of the airflow.

When the surface-shaped

positive charging members

110, 111, and 112 and the

negative charging members

130, 131, and 132 of the dust removing structure 100 are cloth materials as described above, as shown in FIG. Deforms by influence. Therefore, a difference in airflow strength occurs between the front side and the back side of the member. The difference in the strength of the airflow between the front surface side and the back surface side of the member causes a pressure from the smaller strength toward the larger strength, as represented by the dotted arrow in FIG. The surface-shaped

positive charging members

110, 111, 112 and the

negative charging members

130, 131, 132 are deformed with one side fixed by the frame 101. Therefore, each member is relatively displaced by the pressure while maintaining a contact state between adjacent members. As a result, the

positive charging members

110, 111, and 112 are charged positively due to friction between the adjacent

negative charging members

130, 131, and 132. Further, the

negative charging members

130, 131, 132 are charged negatively due to friction between the adjacent

positive charging members

110, 111, 112. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, by arranging the filter with respect to the airflow, each member is positively and negatively charged by the influence of the airflow.

<Verification of effect: Experiment 1>
(Experimental conditions and experimental results)
Inventors performed experiment using various members as a filter in order to verify the dust removal performance of the filter which has the dust removal structure 100. FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining the configuration of the experimental apparatus. Referring to FIG. 5, the inventors arrange a container that stores powder in case 200, and vibrate the entire container using vibration device 201, thereby allowing a space environment in which dust floats in case 200. Produced. In the experiment, air in the case 200 is discharged from the opening of the case 200 through the filter 100 ′ having the dust removing structure 100 using the air pump 400, and the dust meter 300 is used for a predetermined time. The amount of dust in the air after passing through the filter 100 ′ was measured. The member constituting the filter 100 ′ is in a negatively charged state because the surface is rubbed before the experiment.

The exhaust speed of the air pump 400 was fixed at 19 liters per minute (19 L / min). As the dust meter 300, a digital dust meter LD-1 manufactured by Shibata Science Co., Ltd. was used. In the first experiment, the inventors exhausted the air in the case 200 with the air pump 400 for 300 seconds, and recorded the measurement result of the dust with the dust meter 300 during that time with a data logger. In the first experiment, Alnabeads (registered trademark) CB (particle size: 20 μm) manufactured by Showa Denko KK was generally used as the powder.

In the first experiment, the inventors used, as the filter 100 ′, two plate-like members each provided with a plurality of air holes, as shown in FIG. Each air hole has a diameter of 6 mm, and 108 air holes are formed in each member.

In the first experiment, as a condition of the degree of collision between the filter 100 ′ and the particles, a method of laminating the two plate-like members so that the air holes overlap as shown in FIG. Two conditions were used, one laminated with (cross) and the other laminated with a method (straight) laminated so that the air holes do not overlap as shown in FIG. 7B. In the following description, a filter in which two plate-like members are laminated by the former method is a “filter laminated by a cloth”, and a filter in which two plate-like members are laminated by the latter method is “stored straight. Also referred to as “filter”. A filter in which two plate-like members are accumulated as a cloth is more likely to collide particles passing through the filter with the filter than a filter in which two plate-like members are accumulated in a straight line.

Further, in the first experiment, various combinations of an acrylic plate as a positive charging member, a vinyl chloride plate (vinyl chloride plate) as a negative charging member, and an aluminum plate were used as charging conditions for the filter 100 ′. . The measurement conditions in which an acrylic plate and a vinyl chloride plate in which air holes are formed are combined, and the upstream side (side closer to the case 200) is an acrylic plate and the downstream side (side far from the case 200) is a vinyl chloride plate are In the figures showing the results of the subsequent experiments, they are also represented as “resin holes”. Since the electrical conductivity of the aluminum plate is higher than that of the acrylic plate or the vinyl chloride plate, the aluminum plate has a remarkably smaller charge rate than the acrylic plate or the vinyl chloride plate which is an insulator. Therefore, the aluminum plate can be said to be an uncharged member in comparison with an acrylic plate or a vinyl chloride plate. Therefore, the filter combining the acrylic plate and the vinyl chloride plate is a filter in which the acrylic plate is positively charged and the polyvinyl chloride plate is negatively charged, and the filter only of the aluminum plate is an uncharged filter.

8 to 17 are diagrams showing the measurement results in the first experiment. In these figures, the horizontal axis represents time (seconds) and the vertical axis represents the amount of dust (mV / s) measured by the dust meter 300 per second.

At the beginning of the first experiment, the inventors measured the exhaust gas from the case 200 with the dust meter 300 without putting the powder in the case 200, and the measurement in FIG. The result was obtained. From the result of FIG. 8, it can be said that the measured value of the dust meter 300 in the state without dust is 50 mV, and this value is the initial value. That is, it can be said that the measured value of the dust meter 300 larger than 50 mV is the amount of dust in the exhaust. Therefore, a straight line representing the initial value (50 mV) is added to the graph of the measurement result indicating the result of the first experiment.

9 and 10, as a condition of the filter 100 ′, a filter 100 ′ in which an acrylic plate and a vinyl chloride plate are laminated with a cloth is used with the upstream side being an acrylic plate and the downstream side being a vinyl chloride plate. The measurement result is shown. 9A shows the first measurement results, FIG. 9B shows the second measurement results, FIG. 10A shows the third measurement results, and FIG. 10B shows the fourth measurement results.

Referring to FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, in the experiment under this condition, the measured value of dust in the exhaust gas overlaps with a straight line representing approximately 50 mV. In other words, it is indicated that almost no dust is discharged during the exhaust under this condition.

FIG. 11 shows the measurement when the filter 100 ′ is a filter 100 ′ in which an acrylic plate and a vinyl chloride plate are laminated in a straight line, with the upstream side being an acrylic plate and the downstream side being a PVC plate. The result is shown. FIG. 11A shows the first measurement result and FIG. 11B shows the second measurement result.

Referring to FIG. 11, in the experiment under this condition, the measured value of the dust in the exhaust gas is slightly above the straight line representing 50 mV. In other words, it is shown that very little dust is discharged in the exhaust under this condition.

FIG. 12 shows the measurement results when using a filter 100 ′ in which two aluminum plates are laminated with cloth as a condition of the filter 100 ′. FIG. 12A shows the first measurement results, FIG. 12B shows the second measurement results, and FIG. 12C shows the third measurement results.

Referring to FIG. 12, in the experiment under this condition, the measured value of the dust in the exhaust gas is significantly higher than the straight line representing 50 mV. That is, it is shown that a lot of dust is discharged in the exhaust under this condition.

FIG. 13 shows the measurement when the filter 100 ′ is a filter 100 ′ in which an acrylic plate and a vinyl chloride plate are laminated with a cloth arranged so that the upstream side is a vinyl chloride plate and the downstream side is an acrylic plate. The result is shown. That is, FIG. 13 shows the measurement results when the filter 100 ′ in which the experiment of FIGS. 9 and 10 and the arrangement of the acrylic plate and the vinyl chloride plate are reversed is used.

Referring to FIG. 13, even in the experiment under this condition, the measured value of the dust in the exhaust gas overlaps with a straight line representing approximately 50 mV, as in the experimental results of FIGS. In other words, it is indicated that almost no dust is discharged during the exhaust under this condition.

FIG. 14 shows a measurement result when the filter 100 ′ using only one acrylic plate is used as the condition of the filter 100 ′. FIG. 14A shows the first measurement result and FIG. 14B shows the second measurement result. FIG. 15 shows the measurement results when using only one PVC plate filter 100 ′ as a condition for the filter 100 ′. FIG. 15A shows the first measurement result, and FIG. 15B shows the second measurement result.

Referring to FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, in the experiment under these conditions, the measured value of the dust in the exhaust exceeds the straight line representing 50 mV in all the measurement results. That is, under these conditions, it is shown that when only one of the positive charging member and the negative charging member is used as the filter 100 ′, dust is discharged into the exhaust.

In the first experiment, the inventors used, as a comparative experiment, heavy calcium carbonate (JIS Z 8901) satisfying Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS: Japanese Industrial Standards) test powder (16-16). Measurements using a main particle size of 2 μm were also performed. The measurement conditions using heavy calcium carbonate are also expressed as “JIS16” in the figures representing the following experimental results.

FIG. 16 shows the filter 100 ′ as a condition in which a filter 100 ′ in which an acrylic plate and a vinyl chloride plate are laminated with a cloth is arranged so that an upstream side is an acrylic plate and a downstream side is a vinyl chloride plate, and is heavy as a powder. It is a measurement result at the time of using calcium carbonate. That is, FIG. 16 shows the measurement results when the particle size of the powder is made smaller than in the experiments of FIGS. FIG. 16A shows the first measurement result, and FIG. 16B shows the second measurement result. FIG. 17 shows the measurement results when using a filter 100 ′ in which two aluminum plates are laminated with cloth and using heavy calcium carbonate as the powder. That is, FIG. 17 represents a measurement result when the particle diameter of the powder is made smaller than that in the experiment of FIG.

Referring to FIG. 16, in the experiment under this condition, the measured value of the dust in the exhaust gas is larger than the experimental results of FIG. 9 and FIG. That is, it is shown that the dust discharged into the exhaust gas is larger than that in FIGS. 9 and 10 under this condition.

Referring to FIG. 17, in the experiment under this condition, the measured value of dust is almost the same as the experimental result of FIG. That is, under this condition, it is shown that the amount of dust discharged into the exhaust is as much as in the experiment of FIG.

(Discussion)
FIG. 18 summarizes the integrated value of the dust amount in each measurement result obtained in the first experiment in one graph. Furthermore, FIG. 20 extracts the integrated value of the dust amount in each measurement result for 100 seconds from the measurement start from the graph of FIG. From these results, in the experimental conditions using two aluminum plates as the filter 100 ′ and the experimental conditions using one acrylic plate or one PVC plate, the integrated value of the dust amount is large in that order. . Therefore, it can be seen that the dust collecting effect of the dust collecting filter in which the acrylic plate and the vinyl chloride plate are combined is large.

Specifically, FIG. 19 shows the measurement results obtained when the filter 100 ′ in which two aluminum plates are laminated with a cloth is used from the graph of FIG. 18. From the comparison between FIG. 18 and FIG. 19, the measured values in the four types of experiments using the filter 100 ′ in which two aluminum plates are laminated with a cloth are the largest in the first experiment. They are lined up in order. That is, it can be seen that the dust collecting effect of a filter in which a single aluminum plate is laminated with a cloth as the filter 100 'is small. This is because a conductive material such as an aluminum plate has a much lower charge rate than an acrylic plate or a vinyl chloride plate, which is an insulator, even if the surface is rubbed before the experiment. Therefore, it has been verified that the dust collecting effect is higher when the chargeability of the constituent members is larger as the dust collecting filter.

Further, FIG. 21 shows the measurement results obtained under experimental conditions other than the experimental conditions using the filter 100 ′ in which two aluminum plates are laminated with a cloth, from the graph of FIG. 18. From the measurement results shown in the graph of FIG. 21, in an experimental condition using a combination of an acrylic plate and a vinyl chloride plate as the filter 100 ′, an experiment using one acrylic plate or one vinyl chloride plate as the filter 100 ′. The integrated amount of dust is smaller than the conditions. That is, it can be seen that the dust collection effect of the dust collection filter is greater when the acrylic plate and the vinyl chloride plate are combined than when only the acrylic plate or the vinyl chloride plate is used. This is presumably because dust that is positively or negatively charged is adsorbed to the filter by using a positive or negative charging member. Therefore, it has been verified that a positively or negatively charged member is more effective as a dust collection filter using static electricity than a member charged only on one side.

FIG. 22 shows the measurement results under the experimental conditions using the filter 100 ′ in which the acrylic plate and the vinyl chloride plate are combined from the graph of FIG. 18. FIG. 23 is an enlarged view of a partial region represented by the rectangle of FIG. From the measurement results shown in the graph of FIG. 23, it was found from the experimental conditions using the filter 100 ′ having a straight laminated structure in which the vent hole of the acrylic plate and the vent hole of the vinyl chloride plate coincided with each other. The experimental conditions using the cross-layered filter 100 ′ that does not coincide with the air vents of the case are closer to the measurement result in a state where there is no dust in the case 200, that is, no dust is discharged. This is because the cloth laminated structure is more easily charged when the uncharged powder in the case 200 collides with the charging member constituting the filter, and is charged positively or negatively. This is considered to be easily adsorbed by the member. Therefore, as a dust collection filter using static electricity, the members are laminated so that the ventilation holes are all aligned so that at least one ventilation hole which is a transmission part of an adjacent member does not match. It was verified that the dust collection effect is higher than that of layered.

Further, the measurement results using heavy calcium carbonate having a particle size of 2 μm as the powder are measured using Aruna beads (registered trademark) CB having a particle size of 20 μm, compared to the measurement results shown in the graphs of FIGS. 18 and 20. The integrated value of the dust amount is larger than the result even under the same experimental conditions. That is, it can be seen that the dust collection effect is larger when the dust size is larger even if the dust collection filter has the same conditions. This is because the larger the size of the dust, the greater the inertial force acting on the dust, so it becomes easier to be charged by colliding with the charging member that constitutes the filter, and it becomes easier to be adsorbed by the positively and negatively charged members. Conceivable. Therefore, it is considered that a dust collection filter using electricity may be effective depending on the size of dust to be statically removed.

<Verification of effect: Experiment 2>
(Experimental conditions and experimental results)
In a second experiment using an apparatus similar to the experimental apparatus shown in FIG. 5, the inventors used a cloth-like member (screen) as shown in FIG. . Specifically, the inventors stacked four screens and used a spacer 150 for holding a space between adjacent materials between them. FIG. 25 is a schematic view of the spacer 150 used in the second experiment. As an example of the spacer 150, a mesh having a thickness of 0.5 mm having a vent hole with a diameter of about 5 mm was used. Aruna beads (registered trademark) CB (particle size: 10 μm) manufactured by Showa Denko KK was used as the powder.

Further, in the second experiment, as a condition for the charging property of the filter 100 ′, a 0.15 mm thick nylon screen as a positive charging member, and a 0.1 mm thick KP (PP) as a negative charging member. Various combinations of polypropylene screens called and normal nonwovens were used. As a normal nonwoven fabric, a flame retardant nonwoven fabric of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) having a thickness of 0.2 mm was used. The charge rate of a normal nonwoven fabric is much smaller than the charge rate of nylon or KP (PP), and it can be said that it is a non-charged member in comparison with nylon or KP (PP). Therefore, a filter combining a nylon screen and a KP (PP) screen is a filter in which each screen is positively or negatively charged, and a filter having only a non-woven screen is an uncharged filter.

FIG. 26 to FIG. 35 are diagrams showing measurement results in the second experiment. In these drawings, the horizontal axis represents time (seconds), and the vertical axis represents the amount of dust (mV / s) per second measured by the dust meter 300.

The inventors measured 2 000 times of 100 (milliseconds) by putting 2 g of powder into the case 200 at a time at a temperature of 20.2 ° C. and a humidity of 47% as experimental conditions. . FIG. 26 shows the measurement results when the filter 100 ′ is not arranged. FIG. 26A shows the first measurement result, and FIG. 26B shows the second measurement result.

FIG. 27 shows the measurement results when using the filter 100 ′ in which four KP (PP) screens are sandwiched by spacers 150 one by one as a condition for the filter 100 ′ (FIG. 27A), Measurement results when using a filter 100 ′ in which nylon screens are sandwiched by spacers 150 one by one (FIG. 27B)), and filter 100 in which four ordinary nonwoven fabrics are sandwiched by spacers 150 one by one. The measurement results when 'is used (FIG. 27C) are respectively shown.

FIG. 28 shows the measurement results when using a filter 100 ′ in which a total of four KP (PP) screens and nylon screens are alternately sandwiched by spacers 150 as the conditions of the filter 100 ′. FIG. 28A shows the first measurement result, and FIG. 28B shows the second measurement result.

Next, as experimental conditions, the inventors placed 2 g of powder in the case 200 at a time of 21.6 ° C. and a humidity of 55.5%, and 6000 by 100 (milliseconds). The measurement was performed once. FIG. 29 shows the measurement results when the filter 100 ′ is not arranged. FIG. 29A shows the first measurement result, and FIG. 29B shows the second measurement result.

FIG. 30 shows the measurement results (FIG. 30A) when a filter 100 ′ in which four screens of KP (PP) are sandwiched one by one by spacers 150 as a condition of the filter 100 ′ (FIG. 30A), and a nylon system. FIG. 30B shows the measurement results when using the filter 100 ′ in which the four screens are sandwiched between the spacers 150 one by one.

FIG. 31 shows a measurement result in the case of using a filter 100 ′ in which four ordinary nonwoven fabrics are sandwiched by spacers 150 one by one. FIG. 31 (A) shows the first time, and FIG. Each of the second measurement results is shown.

FIG. 32 shows the measurement results when using a filter 100 ′ in which a total of four KP (PP) screens and nylon screens are alternately sandwiched by spacers 150 as the conditions of the filter 100 ′. FIG. 32A shows the first measurement result, and FIG. 32B shows the second measurement result.

Next, as experimental conditions, the inventors put 3 g of powder into the case 200 at a time at a temperature of 22.3 ° C. and a humidity of 56.1%, and measured 3600 times per second. I did it. FIG. 33A shows a measurement result in the case of using a filter 100 ′ in which four ordinary nonwoven fabrics are sandwiched by spacers 150 one by one. 33 (B) and 33 (C) show that the filter 100 ′ includes a filter 100 ′ in which a total of four KP (PP) screens and nylon screens are alternately sandwiched by spacers 150 one by one. FIG. 33B shows the first measurement result, and FIG. 33C shows the second measurement result when used.

Next, as experimental conditions, the inventors put 3 g of powder into the case 200 at a time at a temperature of 19.4 ° C. and a humidity of 60.7%, and measured 3600 times per second. I did it. FIG. 34A shows a measurement result in the case of using a filter 100 ′ in which four ordinary nonwoven fabrics are sandwiched by spacers 150 one by one. FIGS. 34B and 34C show a case where a filter 100 ′ in which a total of four KP (PP) screens and nylon screens are alternately stacked without spacers 150 is used as a condition of the filter 100 ′. FIG. 34B shows the first measurement result, and FIG. 34C shows the second measurement result.

FIG. 35 shows measurement results when using a filter 100 ′ in which a total of four KP (PP) screens and nylon screens are alternately sandwiched by spacers 150 as the conditions of the filter 100 ′. 35A shows the first measurement result, and FIG. 35B shows the second measurement result.

(Discussion)
Of the above experimental results, the measurement results when using a filter 100 ′ in which a total of four KP (PP) screens and nylon screens are alternately sandwiched by spacers 150 are shown in FIG. They are A), (B), FIGS. 32 (A), (B), FIGS. 33 (B), (C), and FIGS. 35 (A), (B). On the other hand, the measurement results in the case of using the filter 100 ′ in which four ordinary nonwoven fabrics are sandwiched by the spacer 150 one by one are shown in FIGS. 33 (A) and 34 (A). From these comparisons, it was verified that the dust collection effect of the dust collection filter was greater when KP (PP) screens and nylon screens were alternated than with ordinary nonwoven fabrics.

Further, FIGS. 28A, 28B, and 28C are measurement results when using a filter 100 ′ in which a KP (PP) screen and a nylon screen are alternately sandwiched by spacers 150 one by one. 32 (A), (B), FIGS. 33 (B), (C), and FIGS. 35 (A), (B), and a KP (PP) screen and a nylon-based screen are used alternately. 34 (B) and FIG. 34 (C), which are measurement results when using the filter 100 'without overlapping, the dust collection effect of the dust collection filter is that the screen is sandwiched between the spacers 150. It can be seen that is larger than when the spacers 150 are stacked without using the spacer 150.

When the KP (PP) screen and the nylon screen are sandwiched between the spacers 150, the positive charging member and the negative charging member exist in a narrow space. Thereby, a strong electric field is generated in the space, and the electric field is confined. Since the particles pass through a strong electric field, the negatively charged particles or the particles charged by contact with the charged cloth adhere to the screen by electrostatic force (Coulomb force) due to the electric field.

However, when the gap is not provided between the adjacent screens by the spacer 150, the screen as the positive charging member and the screen as the negative charging member are brought into contact with each other and the amount of electric field is reduced. From the experimental results, even when both screens are in contact with each other without the spacer 150 interposed therebetween, a dust collection effect is recognized by comparison with the measurement result using the filter 100 ′ made of a normal nonwoven fabric. It was verified that the filter holding the filter has a larger dust collecting effect.

Next, FIG. 27A shows a measurement result when using a filter 100 ′ having only a KP (PP) screen, and FIG. 27 shows a measurement result when using a filter 100 ′ having only a nylon screen. (B), FIG. 27C, which is a measurement result when using a filter 100 ′ made of only ordinary non-woven fabric, and a total of four KP (PP) screens and nylon screens are alternately 1 FIG. 32A and FIG. 32B, which are measurement results when using the filter 100 ′ sandwiched by the spacers 150 one by one, are compared. 27 (A) and FIG. 27 (B) and FIG. 27 (C), both using only KP (PP) screen and using nylon-based screen, both using only ordinary nonwoven fabric. It can be said that the dust collecting effect is high, but it is understood that the dust collecting effect is much higher when the KP (PP) screen and the nylon screen are alternately used. Therefore, in the second experiment, it was verified that the dust collection effect using the positively and negatively charged members was higher than that using only one charged member as the dust collection filter using static electricity. It was done.

In the second experiment, temperature and humidity conditions are also considered as experimental conditions. Therefore, FIG. 28 (FIG. 28) shows a measurement result under experimental conditions with different humidity in the case where a filter 100 ′ in which a KP (PP) screen and a nylon screen are alternately sandwiched between spacers 150 is used. A), (B) (humidity 47%), FIG. 32 (A), (B) (humidity 55.5%), FIG. 33 (B), (C) (humidity 60.7%), FIG. 35 (A) and (B) (humidity 60.7%) are compared. From these comparisons, it can be seen that the amount of dust detected increases as the humidity increases. This is presumably because KP (PP) or nylon (particularly nylon) which is a material of the screen has a property of easily adsorbing water droplets, and the electric power is reduced by the water droplets adsorbed on the screen. Therefore, it was verified by the second experiment that a higher dust collection effect can be expected when the humidity is lower as an environment when using a dust collection filter using static electricity.

<Example of filter use>
In one aspect, the dust removal structure 100 may be implemented as a mask, fold, shade (roll-up curtain), part of clothing, or other filter.

Preferably, as the filter 100 ′ having the dust removing structure 100, a plurality of cloth-like members (screens) made of a material that is positively and negatively charged are used. A spacer 150 is provided between the screens to maintain a gap between adjacent screens. The spacer 150 may be a planar member having air permeability as used in the second experiment. As another example of the spacer 150, as shown in FIG. 36, embossing (convex processing) applied to at least a surface facing an adjacent screen may be used. Preferably, embossing as a spacer 150 is performed on both surfaces of each screen.

¡Embossing maintains the space between the screens, and when the screen moves under the influence of fluid, friction occurs due to the relative displacement of the adjacent screen and at least the embossed part while maintaining contact. As a result, each screen is charged positively or negatively.

As an example, the filter 100 ′ formed of a cloth-like member (screen) can be used as a filter of an air conditioner (air conditioner) or an air purifier. In this case, preferably, the filter 100 ′ is fixed so that each screen has at least a partial region with respect to the adjacent screen, and the air flow direction by the apparatus is set upstream to the fixed portion with respect to the air flow direction. Are installed at an angle. By being installed in this way, as described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, each screen is positively or negatively charged due to the influence of the airflow.

As another example of the use of the filter 100 ′ composed of the cloth-like member (screen), the filter 100 ′ can be used in a mode that can be attached to a moving body (human body) in a fluid (air) such as a mask, or the moving body such as clothes. An example of using it as a part of an object that can be attached to the device is given.

FIG. 37 is a diagram for explaining an example in which the filter 100 ′ composed of the screen is used as a mask. As shown in FIG. 37, each screen constituting the mask is a cloth-like member (for example, non-woven fabric) that can be positively or negatively charged, and the surface thereof is embossed. Rubbing the entire mask lightly by hand before wearing the mask, or moving the whole mask by speaking with the mask attached, etc., by friction between each screen with the adjacent screen Charges positively or negatively. By wearing the mask, air permeability is secured and the burden on the user is suppressed, and dust in the air to be sucked is adsorbed to the mask using static electricity and removed from the air sucked by the user.

In order to remove the dust in the fluid (air) using the filter 100 ′ used as a mask or the like, as shown in FIG. 38, each member (screen) is charged positively and negatively, respectively. (Step S1), the fluid (air) is transmitted through the filter 100 ′ (Step S2). As described above, adjacent members (screens) are arranged so as to be relatively displaceable while maintaining a contact state. Therefore, in step S1, the respective members (screens) are maintained in contact with each other and relatively displaced, that is, they are rubbed to charge each of them positively and negatively.

Preferably, in the filter 100 ′, adjacent members (screens) are fixed so as to leave at least a partial area. In this case, the charging in step S1 means that the filter 100 ′ is installed in the fluid (air) flow path, with the fixed portion as the upstream side, and at an angle with the air flow direction. Including. By installing in this way, each member (screen) maintains a contact state and is displaced relatively by stress due to fluid (air), that is, friction occurs. Therefore, each member is charged positively and negatively. Therefore, when the filter 100 ′ is used in a device that collects dust in a fluid such as an air cleaner, for example, even if the user does not perform an operation such as rubbing each screen constituting the filter 100 ′. The charged state of each screen is maintained. Therefore, the dust collection effect in the dust collecting device is maintained even if there is no user operation.

The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

100 dust removal structure, 100 'filter, 101 frame, 110, 111, 112, 130, 131, 132 negative charging member, 150 spacer, 200 case, 201 vibration device, 300 dust meter, 400 air pump, 601, 602 negative charged particle 603 particles.

Claims

A dust removal structure for removing dust in a fluid,
A surface-shaped first member that is permeable to the fluid and positively charged;
A surface-shaped second member that has a fluid permeability and is negatively charged;
The first member and the second member are stacked with their surfaces facing each other, and are disposed so as to be relatively displaceable while maintaining a contact state of at least a part of the surfaces. Dust removal structure.
Each of the first member and the second member has one or more fluid-permeable portions,
When the first member and the second member are overlapped with each other facing each other, the at least one of the one or more transmission parts of the first member The dust removal structure according to claim 1, wherein the transmission part is superimposed on a surface of the second member that is not the transmission part.
The dust removing structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the material of the first member and the material of the second member are different materials.
The first member includes nylon, acrylic, polypropylene, or wool,
The dust removing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second member includes any one of polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, urethane, polyethylene terephthalate, and modified polyethylene terephthalate.
A filter for removing dust in a fluid,
A first fiber layer having fluid permeability;
A second fiber layer formed of a fiber different from the fibers forming the first fiber layer and laminated on the first fiber layer;
The dust removing filter, wherein the first fiber layer and the second fiber layer are disposed so as to be relatively displaceable while maintaining a contact state with each other.
An adhesive structure for fixing the second fiber layer to the first fiber layer;
The adhesive structure is formed by fixing the second fiber layer to the first fiber layer leaving at least a partial region between the first fiber layer and the second fiber layer, The dust removal filter according to claim 5, wherein the first fiber layer and the second fiber layer can be relatively displaced while maintaining a contact state with respect to the other fiber layer.
The spacer further includes a spacer that is disposed between the first fiber layer and the second fiber layer and holds a space between the first fiber layer and the second fiber layer. Or the dust removal filter of 6.
The first fiber layer includes nylon, acrylic, polypropylene, or wool,
The dust removing filter according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the second fiber layer includes any one of polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, urethane, polyethylene terephthalate, and modified polyethylene terephthalate.
A method for removing dust in a fluid,
In the dust removing filter having a structure in which the first member and the second member having a planar shape having fluid permeability are stacked, the first member is charged positively, and the second member is minused. A step of charging to
Passing the fluid through the dust removal filter,
The first member and the second member are disposed so as to be relatively displaceable while maintaining a contact state with respect to the other member, and the step of charging includes the first member and the second member. A method for removing dust, comprising charging each member positively and negatively by maintaining relative contact between the two members and maintaining relative displacement.
The dust removal filter has an adhesive structure for fixing the first member and the second member leaving at least a partial region;
In the charging step, the dust removing filter is installed in the fluid flow path so as to form an angle with the flow path direction with the adhesive structure on the upstream side, and the fluid is used for the first member. The dust removing method according to claim 9, further comprising charging each of the second member and the second member relative to each other while maintaining a contact state to positively and negatively charge.