WO2016050183A1 - Circulateur optique à trois ports incorporant des colonnes de compensation, présentant un fort taux de transmission et une forte isolation - Google Patents

Circulateur optique à trois ports incorporant des colonnes de compensation, présentant un fort taux de transmission et une forte isolation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016050183A1
WO2016050183A1 PCT/CN2015/090882 CN2015090882W WO2016050183A1 WO 2016050183 A1 WO2016050183 A1 WO 2016050183A1 CN 2015090882 W CN2015090882 W CN 2015090882W WO 2016050183 A1 WO2016050183 A1 WO 2016050183A1
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dielectric material
column
photonic crystal
port
compensation
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PCT/CN2015/090882
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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欧阳征标
王琼
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深圳大学
欧阳征标
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Publication of WO2016050183A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016050183A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/09—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect
    • G02F1/095—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect in an optical waveguide structure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/09—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect
    • G02F1/095—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect in an optical waveguide structure
    • G02F1/0955—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect in an optical waveguide structure used as non-reciprocal devices, e.g. optical isolators, circulators

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of photonic crystal circulators, and in particular relates to a three-port photonic crystal circulator with a plurality of columns of magneto-optical materials coupled to a compensation column.
  • a photonic crystal is a micro-material in which the dielectric constant or magnetic permeability is arranged in a periodic or quasi-periodic manner in space, which can make electromagnetic waves in a certain frequency band not propagate therein, thereby forming a photonic band gap.
  • various micro-devices based on photonic crystals have been developed and developed, such as high-Q microcavities, fiber optic detectors, microwave filters, high-efficiency lasers, and micro-sensors.
  • Photonic crystals are hailed as one of the most promising photonic devices for all-optical integrated chips.
  • the successful realization of a photonic crystal logic integrated optical path like a large-scale integrated circuit will enable all-optical information technology to leap to a new level in terms of processing speed, transmission quality, and storage capacity.
  • the increase in integration leads to a significant increase in signal interference between components, and signal interference greatly affects the performance of each component, and may even cause the entire system to be abnormal. Therefore, eliminating signal interference and ensuring transmission stability have become the primary problem to improve optical path integration.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a circulator with a single-directional loop function that is compact, easy to integrate, has high isolation, and high transmission rate.
  • the three-port circulator of the present invention comprises a two-dimensional photonic crystal of a first dielectric material column arranged in a triangular lattice array in a low refractive index background medium, each of the first dielectric material columns occupying a lattice of the triangular lattice,
  • the invention comprises three photonic crystal cross-waveguides and three ports, wherein the three photonic crystal cross-waveguides are three photonic crystal waveguides which are cross-connected and have an angle of 120° between the two, and the three photonic crystal cross-waveguides respectively correspond to Three ports, three ports respectively distributed on the peripheral end faces of the photonic crystal; a second dielectric material column is disposed at the intersection of the central axes of the three photonic crystal waveguides, and three are respectively disposed adjacent to the second dielectric material column
  • the low refractive index background medium is air, vacuum, silica, magnesium fluoride, or a dielectric material having a refractive index of less than 1.5.
  • the first dielectric material column is a silicon material, gallium arsenide, titanium dioxide, gallium nitride, or a dielectric material having a refractive index greater than 2.
  • the first dielectric material column has a circular, square, or regular polygonal cross section, and the first dielectric material column preferably has a circular cross-sectional shape.
  • the photonic crystal waveguide removes a plurality of first dielectric material columns from the central position of the photonic crystal at an angle of 60° horizontally, 180° to the horizontal, and 300° to the horizontal, and is located at 60°.
  • the first dielectric material column outside the 180° outer direction is shifted outward by a distance b along the 120° axis
  • the first dielectric material column outside the 180° and 300° direction is totally shifted outward by a distance b along the 240° axis.
  • the second dielectric material column is a silicon material, gallium arsenide, titanium dioxide, gallium nitride, or a dielectric material having a refractive index greater than 2; the second dielectric material column has an equilateral triangle in cross section, and a middle portion and three top portions The lines are at an angle of 60° to the horizontal, 180° to the horizontal, and 300° to the horizontal.
  • the three magneto-optical material columns are respectively ferrite materials and have a circular cross section.
  • the third dielectric material column is a silicon material, gallium arsenide, titanium dioxide, gallium nitride, or a dielectric material having a refractive index greater than 2.
  • the cross section of the third dielectric material column is an equilateral triangle, a circle, or a regular polygon, and the cross section shape of the third dielectric material column is preferably an equilateral triangle, and one top of the equilateral triangle corresponds to the photonic crystal waveguide The direction of the central axis, and the top corresponds to the direction of the waveguide port.
  • the photonic crystal circulator of the present invention is widely applicable to any electromagnetic wave band, such as a microwave band, a millimeter wave band, a terahertz band, an infrared band, or a visible light band. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following positive effects.
  • the single-directional loop function of the signal between the transmission ports in the optical device can be obtained, which can effectively prevent signal reflow, eliminate crosstalk between signals, and ensure the normal operation of the optical path system.
  • the magneto-optical circulator is an indispensable function optimization device in the integrated optical path.
  • compensation column in photonic crystal can improve the performance of multiple coupled magneto-optical material columns, non-reciprocal transmission effect, design a compact, easy to integrate, and Integration with other photonic crystal devices enables single-directional optical ring transmission of signals between three ports in the device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a three-port optical circulator with high transmission rate and high isolation introduced into a compensation column according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the isolation and insertion loss of a three-port optical circulator with high transmission rate and high isolation introduced into a compensation column according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first transmission effect of a three-port optical circulator with high transmission rate and high isolation introduced into a compensation column according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second transmission effect of a three-port optical circulator with high transmission rate and high isolation introduced into a compensation column according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a third transmission effect of a three-port optical circulator with high transmission rate and high isolation introduced into a compensation column according to the present invention.
  • the present invention introduces a high-rate and high-isolation three-port optical circulator of a compensation column, including a low refractive index background medium, which is an air background 00 and an air background 00.
  • three photonic crystal waveguides are cross-connected and have an angle of 120° between the two, and the photonic crystal waveguides are at an angle of 60° with respect to the horizontal, starting from the center position of the photonic crystal.
  • a plurality of first dielectric material columns 01 are removed in an angular direction of 180° and at an angle of 300° to the horizontal direction, and the first dielectric material column 01 located outside between 60° and 180° is shifted outwardly along the 120° axis.
  • the distance b, the first dielectric material column 01 located outside the 180° and 300° is totally shifted outward by a distance b along the 240° axis, and the first dielectric material column 01 located outside between 300° and 60° is along the whole 0° axial right translation distance b (where a is the lattice constant of the photonic crystal), which constitutes three intersections and is rotationally symmetrically distributed at an angle of 120° and the width w is Photonic crystal waveguide.
  • the length of the three photonic crystal waveguides is na, and the width is adjusted to a is the lattice constant of the photonic crystal, and n is an integer of 4 or more.
  • the second dielectric material column 02 for guiding at the intersection of the central axes of the three photonic crystal waveguides, that is, at the center of the photonic crystal, the second dielectric material column 02 is made of silicon material, and its refractive index
  • the cross-sectional shape uses an equilateral triangle.
  • the line connecting the center and the three vertices is at an angle of 60° with respect to the horizontal, an angle of 180° with the horizontal, and an angle of 300° with the horizontal.
  • a column of the same magneto-optical material A, B and C is introduced thereon, and the three magneto-optical material columns A, B and C are respectively rotationally symmetrically distributed around the intersection center of the three intersecting waveguides at an angle of 120°, and each magnetic
  • the column of optical material is located on the central axis of the waveguide on which it is located, and the center of each column of magneto-optical material (A, B or C) and the center of the second column of dielectric material 02 are both 0.67a, ie 6.7 mm.
  • the magneto-optical material columns A, B and C respectively adopt a ferrite material, and the cross-sectional shape thereof is circular, the dielectric constant is 12.9, and the magnetic permeability tensor is:
  • the pillar 03 is made of a silicon material having a refractive index of 3.4, and the cross-sectional shape adopts an equilateral triangle, and one vertex of the equilateral triangle corresponds to the central axis direction of the photonic crystal waveguide, and the vertex corresponds to the waveguide port direction.
  • the three compensating columns are rotationally symmetrically distributed around the intersection of the three intersecting waveguides at an angle of 120°, and each compensating post is located on the central axis of the waveguide on which it is located.
  • the center distance of the center of each of the third dielectric material columns 03 and the second dielectric material column 02 is 1.3a, that is, 13 mm.
  • the photonic crystal circulator that introduces the compensation column includes three waveguide ports, which are a first waveguide port 11, a second waveguide port 12, and a third waveguide port 13, respectively, and the three waveguide ports respectively correspond to three photonic crystal cross-waveguides
  • the three waveguide ports are respectively distributed on the peripheral end faces of the photonic crystal.
  • the electromagnetic wave signal is set to be incident from the first waveguide port 11, and the corresponding waveguide port is detected at the second waveguide port 12 and the third waveguide port 13, respectively.
  • the electromagnetic wave signal power, and the insertion loss of the second waveguide port 12 is set to 10 log (P input / P output ), and the isolation of the third waveguide port 13 is 10 log (P input / P isolation ), wherein P input , P output
  • the isolation from P is the input port, that is, the signal power detected by the first waveguide port 11, and the output port, that is, the signal power detected by the second waveguide port 12 and the isolated port, that is, the signal power detected by the third port 13.
  • the length of the equilateral triangle of the second dielectric material column 02 is 2.7 mm
  • the length of the equilateral triangle of the third dielectric material column 03 is 2.0 mm
  • the cylindrical radii of the magneto-optical material columns A, B and C are respectively 2.55 mm.
  • the insertion loss and isolation calculation curve of the three-port photonic crystal circulator is shown in Fig. 2.
  • the solid line and the broken line represent the insertion loss of the second waveguide port 12 and the isolation of the third waveguide port 13 at different frequencies, respectively.
  • Figure 2 shows that the photonic crystal circulator operates at a frequency of 10.58 GHz to 10.68 GHz, the insertion loss of the second waveguide port 12 in this band is as low as 0.022 dB, and the isolation of the third waveguide port 13 is as high as 23.4 dB.
  • the above structural parameter optimization is also applicable to the electromagnetic wave signal being input from the second waveguide port 12, outputted from the third waveguide port 13, or input from the third waveguide port 13, and outputted from the first waveguide port 11
  • the function calculation curve for obtaining the circulator is the same as that of Fig. 2.
  • an electromagnetic wave of any frequency in the frequency range of 10.58 GHz to 10.68 GHz is used.
  • an electromagnetic wave having a frequency of 10.62 GHz is incident from the first waveguide port 11, and the magneto-optical material columns A and B respectively perform a 60-degree angular rotation on the electromagnetic wave.
  • the electromagnetic wave is output from the second waveguide port 12, and the insertion loss of the second waveguide port 12 is 0.022 dB.
  • the second dielectric material column 02 in the photonic crystal directs the magneto-optical material columns A and B to be effectively coupled.
  • the third waveguide port 13 is in an optically isolated state in which the magneto-optical material column C has a signal isolation effect on the third waveguide port 13, and the isolation of the third waveguide port 13 is 23.4 dB.
  • the third dielectric material column 03 serves to compensate for the mismatch between the magneto-optical material column A and the magneto-optical material column B and the corresponding waveguide, so that the transmission efficiency of the signal from the waveguide port 11 to the waveguide port 12 can be effectively improved.
  • an electromagnetic wave having a frequency of 10.62 GHz is incident from the second waveguide port 12, and the magneto-optical material columns B and C respectively rotate the electromagnetic wave at an angle of 60°, and finally the electromagnetic wave is output from the third waveguide port 13, and the third waveguide port
  • the insertion loss of 13 is 0.022 dB.
  • the second dielectric material column 02 in the photonic crystal directs the magneto-optical material columns B and C to be effectively coupled.
  • the first waveguide port 11 is in an optically isolated state, wherein the magneto-optical material column A has a signal isolation effect on the first waveguide port 11, the first waveguide port 11 The isolation is 23.4dB.
  • the third dielectric material column 03 serves to compensate for the mismatch between the magneto-optical material column B and the magneto-optical material column C and the corresponding waveguide, so that the transmission efficiency of the signal from the waveguide port 12 to the waveguide port 13 can be effectively improved.
  • an electromagnetic wave having a frequency of 10.62 GHz is incident from the third waveguide port 13, and the magneto-optical material columns C and A respectively rotate the electromagnetic wave at an angle of 60°, and finally the electromagnetic wave is output from the first waveguide port 11, the first waveguide port.
  • the insertion loss of 11 is 0.022 dB.
  • the second dielectric material column 02 in the photonic crystal directs the magneto-optical material columns C and A to be effectively coupled.
  • the second waveguide port 12 is in an optically isolated state, wherein the magneto-optical material column B has a signal isolation effect on the second waveguide port 12, and the second waveguide port 12 has an isolation of 23.4 dB.
  • the third dielectric material column 03 serves to compensate for the mismatch between the magneto-optical material column C and the magneto-optical material column A and the corresponding waveguide, so that the transmission efficiency of the signal from the waveguide port 13 to the waveguide port 11 can be effectively improved.
  • the electromagnetic wave signal input from any one of the waveguide ports in the photonic crystal three-port magneto-optical circulator will be outputted from the next adjacent waveguide port in a counterclockwise direction, and the other of the three ports is an isolated electromagnetic wave signal port, that is, three ports are realized.
  • One-way optical ring transmission function One-way optical ring transmission function.
  • the photonic crystal three-port circulator of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, as the technical solutions disclosed by those skilled in the art according to the present invention, and according to the principle of proportional scaling of photonic crystals and the selection of corresponding materials, photonic crystals and the like.
  • the scaling principle is: the relationship between the operating wavelength of the circulator and the photonic crystal lattice constant, the size of the first dielectric material column in the photonic crystal, the size of the second dielectric material column, and the size of the magneto-optical material column.
  • the positive proportional relationship that is, the above parameters are expanded or reduced by e times, and the operating wavelength of the circulator is also expanded or reduced by e times.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

Circulateur optique à trois ports incorporant des colonnes de compensation, présentant un fort taux de transmission et une forte isolation. Le circulateur optique à trois ports comporte trois guides d'ondes concourants à cristal photonique correspondant respectivement à trois ports (11, 12, 13), les trois ports (11, 12, 13) étant répartis sur la périphérie d'un cristal photonique. Une deuxième colonne (02) en matériau diélectrique est disposée dans la partie d'intersection des axes centraux des trois guides d'ondes à cristal photonique. Trois colonnes identiques (A, B, C) en matériau magnéto-optique sont disposées sur les parties les plus voisines de la deuxième colonne (02) en matériau diélectrique et réparties sur la périphérie du centre d'intersection des trois guides d'ondes concourants dans un mode symétrique par rotation d'un angle de 120 degrés. Trois troisièmes colonnes identiques (03) en matériau diélectrique, autrement dit les colonnes de compensation, sont disposées sur les parties voisines secondaires de la deuxième colonne en matériau diélectrique. Les trois colonnes de compensation sont réparties sur la périphérie du centre d'intersection des trois guides d'ondes concourants dans un mode symétrique par rotation d'un angle de 120 degrés. Un signal d'onde électromagnétique est introduit à partir du port d'un guide d'onde quelconque et délivré à partir du port du guide d'onde adjacent suivant, et un autre port se trouve dans un état isolé pour former une transmission circulaire unidirectionnelle. Par conséquent, le circulateur optique à trois ports est de structure compacte et facilite l'intégration d'autres dispositifs à cristaux photoniques.
PCT/CN2015/090882 2014-09-29 2015-09-28 Circulateur optique à trois ports incorporant des colonnes de compensation, présentant un fort taux de transmission et une forte isolation WO2016050183A1 (fr)

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CN201410515224.6 2014-09-29
CN201410515224.6A CN104597630B (zh) 2014-09-29 2014-09-29 一种引入补偿柱的高传输率和高隔离度的三端口光环行器

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CN104597630B (zh) * 2014-09-29 2019-04-23 欧阳征标 一种引入补偿柱的高传输率和高隔离度的三端口光环行器
CN105572918B (zh) * 2016-02-15 2021-02-19 深圳大学 基于光子晶体十字波导的磁控二选一光路开关
CN105572921B (zh) * 2016-02-15 2021-02-19 深圳大学 基于光子晶体t型波导的磁控二选一直角输出光路开关
CN115144962B (zh) * 2021-03-31 2024-02-06 南京星隐科技发展有限公司 电磁波传输结构、器件及光芯片
CN115343803A (zh) * 2022-08-23 2022-11-15 中国地质大学（武汉） 一种设于硅基片上的环形波长解复用器及其设计方法
CN116068696B (zh) * 2023-03-03 2023-06-23 深圳麦赫科技有限公司 一种平板光子晶体环行器

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CN104597630A (zh) * 2014-09-29 2015-05-06 欧阳征标 一种引入补偿柱的高传输率和高隔离度的三端口光环行器

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