WO2016049735A1 - Compositions d'acide synthétique et leurs utilisations - Google Patents

Compositions d'acide synthétique et leurs utilisations Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016049735A1
WO2016049735A1 PCT/CA2015/000508 CA2015000508W WO2016049735A1 WO 2016049735 A1 WO2016049735 A1 WO 2016049735A1 CA 2015000508 W CA2015000508 W CA 2015000508W WO 2016049735 A1 WO2016049735 A1 WO 2016049735A1
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Prior art keywords
acid composition
composition according
synthetic acid
industry
synthetic
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PCT/CA2015/000508
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English (en)
Inventor
Clay Purdy
Darren Thatcher
John Garner
Bruce Ulmer
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Fluid Energy Group Ltd.
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Publication of WO2016049735A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016049735A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C21/00—Whey; Whey preparations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/53—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone involving the removal of at least part of the materials of the treated article, e.g. etching, drying of hardened concrete
    • C04B41/5315—Cleaning compositions, e.g. for removing hardened cement from ceramic tiles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/53—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone involving the removal of at least part of the materials of the treated article, e.g. etching, drying of hardened concrete
    • C04B41/5338—Etching
    • C04B41/5353—Wet etching, e.g. with etchants dissolved in organic solvents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
    • C04B41/72—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone involving the removal of part of the materials of the treated articles, e.g. etching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
    • C09K3/1454—Abrasive powders, suspensions and pastes for polishing
    • C09K3/1463—Aqueous liquid suspensions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/0073—Anticorrosion compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
    • C11D7/04—Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D7/08—Acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
    • C11D7/04—Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D7/10—Salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/22—Organic compounds
    • C11D7/32—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C11D7/3272—Urea, guanidine or derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/22—Organic compounds
    • C11D7/36—Organic compounds containing phosphorus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F14/00—Inhibiting incrustation in apparatus for heating liquids for physical or chemical purposes
    • C23F14/02—Inhibiting incrustation in apparatus for heating liquids for physical or chemical purposes by chemical means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
    • C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
    • C23G1/08—Iron or steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
    • C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
    • C23G1/08—Iron or steel
    • C23G1/088—Iron or steel solutions containing organic acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C7/00—Other dairy technology
    • A23C7/02—Chemical cleaning of dairy apparatus; Use of sterilisation methods therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment

Definitions

  • This invention relates to compositions for use in performing various operations in industries including, but not limited to, pulp & paper, mining, dairy, ion exchange bed regeneration, manufacturing, food-brewery-sugar production and textiles manufacturing more specifically to synthetic acid compositions as alternatives to HCl (hydrochloric acid).
  • industries including, but not limited to, pulp & paper, mining, dairy, ion exchange bed regeneration, manufacturing, food-brewery-sugar production and textiles manufacturing more specifically to synthetic acid compositions as alternatives to HCl (hydrochloric acid).
  • HCl hydrochloric acid
  • hydrochloric acid releases airborne toxins that can have serious side effects on plant and mill workers, as well as the environment in the surrounding area.
  • hydrochloric acid is not properly filtered through air purification ducts and is released into the atmosphere, in its aerosol form hydrogen chloride gas is highly toxic and corrosive. So while the need for acids in industries will never diminish, the toxins released in the air by their application needs to be.
  • Hydrochloric acid is corrosive to the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes.
  • Acute (short-term) inhalation exposure may cause eye, nose, and respiratory tract irritation and inflammation and pulmonary edema in humans.
  • Acute oral exposure may cause corrosion of the mucous membranes, esophagus, and stomach and dermal contact may produce severe burns, ulceration, and scarring in humans.
  • Chronic (long- term) occupational exposure to hydrochloric acid has been reported to cause gastritis, chronic bronchitis, dermatitis, and photosensitization in workers. Prolonged exposure to low concentrations may also cause dental discoloration and erosion.
  • hydrochloric acid HCl
  • Corrosion and fumes are the major concerns when HCl is applied in industry.
  • the total annual corrosion costs for the pulp, paper, and paperboard industry, as determined as a fraction of the maintenance cost is estimated to be over $2.0 billion per year in the US alone. Therefore it is highly desirable to have a non-fuming product that has very low corrosion rates that can replace the harsh acids typically utilized.
  • Paper production consists of a series of processes and can be roughly divided according to the five major manufacturing steps: (1) pulp production, (2) pulp processing and chemical recovery, (3) pulp bleaching, (4) stock preparation, and (5) paper manufacturing.
  • Each manufacturing step has its own corrosion problems related to the size and quality of the wood fibers, the amount of and temperature of the process water, the concentration of the treatment chemicals, and the materials used for machinery construction. Examples of corrosion affecting production are: (1) corrosion products polluting the paper; and (2) corrosion of rolls leading to scarring of the sheets of paper. Corrosion of components may also result in fractures or leaks in the machines, causing production loss and safety hazards.
  • Table 1 sets out the main chemicals and amounts release in total and on average in the pulp and paper industry.
  • hydrochloric acid In industries demanding purity (e.g. food, pharmaceutical, drinking water), high- quality hydrochloric acid is used to control the pH of process water streams. In less demanding industry, technical quality hydrochloric acid suffices for the neutralization of waste streams and for swimming pool treatment. It is desirable to have a synthetic option to HC1 having very low levels of toxicity and corrosion and being non-fuming which can be safely handled and utilized in those industries. • Some major industrial uses of HC1 include the food and dairy industry. In the food industry, hydrochloric acid is used in the manufacture of protein and starch. It is also used in demineralizing whey. Moreover, it is also extensively used in casein manufacturing, as well as the regeneration of ion exchange resins.
  • Ion exchange resins are used to remove impurities in the production of corn syrups such as high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS).
  • HFCS high-fructose corn syrup
  • HFCS are widely used in the food industry but by far their largest use (upwards of 70%) is in the manufacturing of soft drinks. It is also used for hydrolyzing starch and proteins in the preparation of various food product.
  • acid cleaners remove or prevent accumulated mineral deposits or milkstone buildup. It is advantageous to have an alternative to harsh acids that is non-hazardous.
  • hydrochloric acid is widely used as an effective neutralization agent for alkaline (high pH) effluent.
  • HC1 is also used in neutralizing alkaline soils in agricultural and landscaping applications. It is also commonly used in the manufacture of fertilizers.
  • HC1 is also used as an efflorescence cleaner for retaining walls, driveways, brick and as a mortar cleaner. It is also used to etch concrete which is typically treated with phosphoric acid. Phosphoric acid is another strong acid which emits toxic fumes irritating the nasal passages, eyes and skin.
  • HC1 is also used as cement cleaner, more specifically in the removal of cement based material from equipment or structures as well as in the treatment of boiler scale, as well as being a scale cleaner applicable to ships, submarines, offshore vessels, and evaporators.
  • HC1 can also be used as a catalyst and solvent in organic syntheses, as a laboratory reagent, for refining ore in the production of tin and tantalum among other minerals.
  • HC1 is thus widely used in this industry as well.
  • HC1 is also used extensively in steel pickling. Steel pickling of carbon, alloy and stainless steels is a process where the acid removes surface impurities on steel. Such impurities include iron oxides and scale. The iron oxides are removed by contact with the acid which solubilizes the oxides.
  • Steel pickling is a necessary step in further processing steel products into such items as: wires, coating of sheet and strip as well as tin mill products.
  • HC1 can also be used to perform aluminum etching, metal galvanizing, soldering and metal cleaning as well as a number of other operations.
  • HC1 is also used in several retail applications as a component in typical household cleaners for cleaning tiles and sinks etc.
  • HCL is also commonly employed in the photographic and rubber industries, electronics manufacturing, as well as the textile industry in which waste from textile industries is rarely neutral. Certain processes such as reactive dyeing require large quantities of alkali but pre-treatments and some washes can be acidic. It is therefore necessary to adjust the pH in the treatment process to make the wastewater neutral. This is particularly important if biological treatment is being used, as the microbes used in biological treatment require a pH in the range of 6-8 and will be killed by highly acidic or alkali wastewater. In PCETP, the wastewater is mostly alkali wastes (high pH). For this purpose, hydrochloric acid (HC1) is added to maintain the pH value from 7.5 to 7.8 to save the microbes used in biological treatment as well as to reduce the wastage of chemicals. Therefore, it is advantageous to have an alternative pH control mechanism that is non-hazardous.
  • HC1 hydrochloric acid
  • Another concern is the potential for spills on locations due to high corrosion levels of acids causing storage container failures and/or deployment equipment failures caused by high corrosion rates.
  • Other concerns include: inconsistent strength or quality level of mineral & organic acids; potential supply issues based on industrial output levels; and ongoing risks to individuals handling acid containing containers.
  • Typical organic and mineral acids used in a pH control situation can or will cause degradation of certain additives/systems requiring further chemicals to be added to counter these potentially negative effects.
  • acid to pickle steel very careful attention must be paid to the process due to high levels of corrosion. Acids are very destructive to many typical elastomers found in various industries such as in water treatment/transfer pumps. It is advantageous to have an HC1 alternative that preferably does no damage to elastomers.
  • Acids perform many critical functions in various industries and are considered indispensable to achieve a desired result.
  • the associated dangers that come with using acids are expansive and risk mitigation through various control measures (whether they are chemically or mechanically engineered) are both costly and complex and/or time- consuming.
  • US patent no. 4,402,852 discloses compositions containing 5 to 75% of urea, 5 to 85% of sulfuric acid and from 5 to 75% of water. These compositions are said to have reduced corrosivity to carbon steels.
  • US patent no. 6, 147,042 discloses compositions comprising a polyphosphoric acid- urea condensate or polymer which results from the reaction of orthophosphoric acid and urea used in the removal of etching residue containing organometal residues.
  • US patent no. 7,938,912 discloses compositions containing hydrochloric acid, urea, a complex substituted keto-amine-hydrochloride, an alcohol, an ethoxylate and a ketone for use to clean surfaces having cementitious compositions.
  • US patent no. 5,672,279 discloses a composition containing urea hydrochloride prepared by mixing urea and hydrochloric acid.
  • Urea hydrochloride is used to remove scale in hot water boilers and other industrial equipment such as papermaking equipment. Scale is caused by the presence of calcium carbonate which is poorly soluble in water and tends to accumulate on surfaces and affect equipment exposed to it.
  • 4,466,893 teaches gelled acid compositions comprising a gelling agent selected from the group consisting of galactomannans such as guar gum, gum karaya, gum tragacanth, gum ghatti, gum acacia, gum konjak, shariz, locus, psyllium, tamarind, gum tara, carrageenan, gum kauri, modified guars such as hydroxypropyl guar, hydroxyethyl guar, carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl guar, carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl guar and alkoxylated amines.
  • a gelling agent selected from the group consisting of galactomannans such as guar gum, gum karaya, gum tragacanth, gum ghatti, gum acacia, gum konjak, shariz, locus, psyllium, tamarind, gum tara, carrageenan, gum kauri, modified guars such as
  • Synthetic acid compositions are mostly applicable in the cleaning industry. However, such compositions require the additional of a number of various chemical compounds which are dangerous in their undiluted states.
  • the physical process to make such cleaning compositions involves multiple steps of mixing, blending and dilution.
  • the present invention proposes the removal of certain chemicals used which would rationalize the process to make the compositions of the present invention and therefore render the manufacturing process safer from a production point of view.
  • the composition according to the present invention exhibits stability for operations at elevated temperature (above 65°C) and therefore makes them useful in various operations across several industries.
  • the composition according to the present invention exhibits stability for operations at elevated temperature (above 65°C) and therefore makes them useful for various operations in a number of industries.
  • propargyl alcohol While propargyl alcohol has noted utility, it is a toxic/flammable chemical to handle as a concentrate, so care must be taken during handling the concentrate. Exposure to propargyl alcohol through various routes such as inhalation; skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact may lead to symptoms including irritation skin, mucous membrane; central nervous system depression, liver, and kidney damage. Propargyl alcohol has no significant environmental impact when released into bodies of water or in soil (or sand) formations. However, given the substantial list of hazards related to human exposure it is preferable to prepare compositions which do not contain this chemical.
  • compositions which do not contain this chemical but which provide an adequate and preferably, comparable, level of efficacy in synthetic acid compositions with respect to its effect on corrosion inhibition.
  • compositions for use in various industry which can be used over a range of applications which can decrease a number of the associated dangers/issues typically associated with acid applications to the extent that these acid compositions are considered much safer for handling on worksites.
  • Certain embodiments of the present invention provides both a simpler manufacturing process and abridged synthetic acid compositions for use in high volume operations.
  • composition according to the present invention exhibits stability for operations at elevated temperature (above 65°C) and therefore makes them useful for various operations in a number of industries where water usage and discharge in the environment is a concern.
  • compositions according to the present invention have been developed for, but not limited to, pulp & paper, mining, dairy, ion exchange bed regeneration, manufacturing, food- brewery-sugar production and textiles manufacturing industries and associated applications, by targeting the problems of corrosion, logistics, storage, human/environmental exposure and equipment/fluid-product compatibilities. It is an object of the present invention to provide a synthetic acid composition which can be used over a broad range of applications in these industries and which exhibit advantageous properties over HC1.
  • a synthetic acid composition which, upon proper use, results in a very low corrosion rate of various industry activities equipment.
  • a synthetic acid composition for use in industry which has a methodically spending (reacting) nature that is linear at higher temperature, non-fuming, non-toxic, high quality-consistent controlled.
  • a synthetic acid composition for use in industry which has a pH below 1.
  • a synthetic acid composition for use in industry which has minimal exothermic reactivity.
  • a synthetic acid composition for use in industry which is compatible with most existing industries additives and pump elastomers/seals.
  • a synthetic acid composition that has a very low evaporation rate. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use in industry which is reactive upon contact/application.
  • a synthetic acid composition for use in industry which provides an easily adjustable, methodical and comprehensive reaction rate.
  • a synthetic acid composition for use in the mining industry the use being selected from, but not limited to, the group consisting of treating scale and adjusting pH levels in fluid systems.
  • a synthetic acid composition for use in the water treatment industry said use being selected from the group consisting of adjusting pH and neutralizing alkaline effluent.
  • a synthetic acid composition for use in the fertilizer/landscaping industry to adjust the pH level of a soil.
  • a synthetic acid composition for use to regenerate ion exchange beds there is provided a synthetic acid composition for use to regenerate ion exchange beds.
  • a synthetic acid composition for use in the construction industry said use being selected from the group consisting of etching concrete and cleaning concrete of efflorescence.
  • a synthetic acid composition for use in the electrical generation industry said use being selected from the group consisting of descaling pipelines and related equipment and descaling facilities.
  • a synthetic acid composition for use in the food and dairy industry said use being selected from the group consisting of: manufacturing protein, manufacturing starch, demineralizing whey, manufacturing casein, milk stone removal and regenerating ion exchange resins.
  • a synthetic acid composition for use in the swimming pool industry to lower the pH of fluids.
  • a synthetic acid composition for use in the manufacturing industry to perform an operation selected from the group consisting of pickling steel and cleaning metal.
  • a synthetic acid composition for use in the retail industry as a low pH cleaning additive.
  • composition according to the present invention is intended to overcome many of the drawbacks found in the use of prior art compositions of HC1 in various industries.
  • Urea-HCl is the main component in terms of volume and weight percent of the composition of the present invention, and consists basically of a carbonyl group connecting with nitrogen and hydrogen.
  • hydrochloric acid When added to hydrochloric acid, there is a reaction that results in urea hydrochloride, which basically traps the chloride ion within the molecular structure.
  • This reaction greatly reduces the hazardous effects of the hydrochloric acid on its own, such as the fuming effects, the hygroscopic effects, and the highly corrosive nature (the CI- ion will not readily bond with the Fe ion).
  • the excess nitrogen can also act as a corrosion inhibitor at higher temperatures.
  • Urea & Hydrogen chloride in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1 : 1 ; preferably in a molar ratio not less than 0.5: 1 , and more preferably in a molar ratio not less than 0.8: 1.
  • this ratio can be increased depending on the application.
  • the composition according to the present invention comprises 1.1 moles of urea per 1.0 moles of HCl.
  • the urea (hydrochloride) also allows for a reduced rate of reaction when in the presence of carbonate-based materials. This again due to the stronger molecular bonds associated over what hydrochloric acid traditionally displays.
  • the composition according to the present invention is mainly comprised of urea (which is naturally biodegradable), the product testing has shown that the urea hydrochloride will maintain the same biodegradability function, something that hydrochloric acid will not.
  • ATMP amino tris methylene phosphonic acid
  • Amino tris (methylenephosphonic acid) (ATMP) and its sodium salts are typically used in water treatment operations as scale inhibitors. They also find use as detergents and in cleaning applications, in paper, textile and photographic industries and in off-shore oil applications. Pure ATMP presents itself as a solid but it is generally obtained through process steps leading to a solution ranging from being colourless to having a pale yellow colour. ATMP acid and some of its sodium salts may cause corrosion to metals and may cause serious eye irritation to a varying degree dependent upon the pH/degree of neutralization.
  • Amino tris (methylenephosphonic acid) and its sodium salts belong to the ATMP category in that all category members are various ionized forms of the acid. This category includes potassium and ammonium salts of that acid. The properties of the members of a category are usually consistent. Moreover, certain properties for a salt, in ecotoxicity studies, for example, can be directly appreciated by analogy to the properties of the parent acid.
  • Amino tris (methylenephosphonic acid) may specifically be used as an intermediate for producing the phosphonates salts. The salt is used in situ (usually the case) or stored separately for further neutralization.
  • One of the common uses of phosphonates is as scale inhibitors in the treatment of cooling and boiler water systems. In particular, for ATMP and its sodium salts are used in order to prevent the formation of calcium carbonate scale.
  • a synthetic acid composition comprising:
  • - urea & hydrogen chloride in a molar ratio of not less than 0.1 :1 ; preferably in a molar ratio not less than 0.5: 1, more preferably in a molar ratio not less than 1 : 1 ;
  • metal iodide or iodates preferably cupric iodide, potassium iodide, lithium iodide or sodium iodide;
  • a phosphonic acid or derivatives preferably alkylphosphonic acid or derivatives thereof and more preferably amino tris methylene phosphonic acid and derivatives thereof.
  • the metal iodide or iodates should be present in an amount sufficient to have an effect but also to be reasonably acceptable with respect to safety. Preferably, they should be present in a concentration ranging from 100 to 1000 ppm.
  • Example 1 Process to prepare a composition according to a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • Table 2 lists the components of the composition of Example 1 including their weight percentage as compared to the total weight of the composition and the CAS numbers of each component.
  • Example I The resulting composition of Example I is a clear, odourless liquid having shelf-life of greater than 1 year. It has a freezing point temperature of approximately minus 30°C and a boiling point temperature of approximately 100°C. It has a specific gravity of 1.15 ⁇ 0.02. It is completely soluble in water and its pH is less than 1.
  • compositions are biodegradable and is classified as a mild irritant according to the classifications for skin and eye tests.
  • the composition is non-fuming and has no volatile organic compounds nor does it have any BTEX levels above the drinking water quality levels.
  • BTEX refers to the chemicals benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene.
  • Toxicity testing was carried out on rats and the LD50 was determined to be greater than 2000mg kg.
  • Compositions according to preferred embodiments of the present invention answer the need for both a simpler manufacturing process and abridged synthetic acid compositions for use in high volume operations in various industrial settings where water usage and discharge in the environment is a concern. Corrosion testing
  • Example 3 The composition according to the present invention of Example 1 was exposed to corrosion testing. The results of the corrosion tests are reported in Table 3.
  • compositions according to the present invention can be used directly (ready-to- use) or be diluted with water depending on their use.
  • compositions according to the present invention upon dilution thereof ranging from approximately 1 to 75% dilution, include, but are not limited to: water treatment; boiler/pipe de-scaling; soil treatment; pH control; ion regeneration; pipeline scale treatments; pH control; retail cleaner; cement etching; soil pH control and various pulp and paper industrial applications.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne une composition d'acide synthétique pouvant remplacer l'acide chlorhydrique dans des activités industrielles nécessitant de grandes quantités d'acide chlorhydrique. La composition comprend: de l'urée et du chlorure d'hydrogène selon un rapport molaire d'au moins 0,1:1; un iodure ou iodate métallique; et éventuellement un dérivé d'acide phosphonique.
PCT/CA2015/000508 2014-10-02 2015-09-29 Compositions d'acide synthétique et leurs utilisations WO2016049735A1 (fr)

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US5672279A (en) * 1992-07-24 1997-09-30 Peach State Labs, Inc. Method for using urea hydrochloride
US7029553B1 (en) * 1992-07-24 2006-04-18 Peach State Labs, Inc. Urea sulfate and urea hydrochloride in paper and pulp processing
US20090208643A1 (en) * 2004-09-20 2009-08-20 Valspar Sourcing, Inc. Concrete cleaning and preparation composition
WO2009137676A2 (fr) * 2008-05-07 2009-11-12 Concrete Coatings, Inc. Systèmes et méthodes de coloration des surfaces
CN101643909A (zh) * 2009-09-03 2010-02-10 昆明理工大学 一种钢铁电镀前的酸洗方法
CA2778721A1 (fr) * 2009-11-02 2011-05-05 Baker Hugues Incorporated Procede d'attenuation de la vitesse de corrosion d'articles tubulaires pour champ petrolifere
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US5672279A (en) * 1992-07-24 1997-09-30 Peach State Labs, Inc. Method for using urea hydrochloride
US7029553B1 (en) * 1992-07-24 2006-04-18 Peach State Labs, Inc. Urea sulfate and urea hydrochloride in paper and pulp processing
US20090208643A1 (en) * 2004-09-20 2009-08-20 Valspar Sourcing, Inc. Concrete cleaning and preparation composition
WO2009137676A2 (fr) * 2008-05-07 2009-11-12 Concrete Coatings, Inc. Systèmes et méthodes de coloration des surfaces
CN101643909A (zh) * 2009-09-03 2010-02-10 昆明理工大学 一种钢铁电镀前的酸洗方法
CA2778721A1 (fr) * 2009-11-02 2011-05-05 Baker Hugues Incorporated Procede d'attenuation de la vitesse de corrosion d'articles tubulaires pour champ petrolifere
CN102911651A (zh) * 2012-11-09 2013-02-06 天津亿利科能源科技发展股份有限公司 一种油田用复配型阻垢缓蚀剂及其制备方法

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108455716A (zh) * 2017-12-20 2018-08-28 湖北新洋丰肥业股份有限公司 用于肥料生产线上循环水冷却系统防结垢方法

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