WO2016047601A1 - 燃焼器、ガスタービン - Google Patents
燃焼器、ガスタービン Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016047601A1 WO2016047601A1 PCT/JP2015/076703 JP2015076703W WO2016047601A1 WO 2016047601 A1 WO2016047601 A1 WO 2016047601A1 JP 2015076703 W JP2015076703 W JP 2015076703W WO 2016047601 A1 WO2016047601 A1 WO 2016047601A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- inner cylinder
- combustor
- notch
- purge air
- compressed air
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
- F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D9/00—Stators
- F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
- F01D9/023—Transition ducts between combustor cans and first stage of the turbine in gas-turbine engines; their cooling or sealings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
- F01L9/10—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
- F01L9/11—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic in which the action of a cam is being transmitted to a valve by a liquid column
- F01L9/12—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic in which the action of a cam is being transmitted to a valve by a liquid column with a liquid chamber between a piston actuated by a cam and a piston acting on a valve stem
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
- F02C7/16—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium
- F02C7/18—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium the medium being gaseous, e.g. air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
- F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
- F23R3/06—Arrangement of apertures along the flame tube
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
- F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
- F23R3/06—Arrangement of apertures along the flame tube
- F23R3/08—Arrangement of apertures along the flame tube between annular flame tube sections, e.g. flame tubes with telescopic sections
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
- F23R3/46—Combustion chambers comprising an annular arrangement of several essentially tubular flame tubes within a common annular casing or within individual casings
- F23R3/48—Flame tube interconnectors, e.g. cross-over tubes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
- F23R3/60—Support structures; Attaching or mounting means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/60—Assembly methods
- F05D2230/64—Assembly methods using positioning or alignment devices for aligning or centring, e.g. pins
- F05D2230/642—Assembly methods using positioning or alignment devices for aligning or centring, e.g. pins using maintaining alignment while permitting differential dilatation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/35—Combustors or associated equipment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
- F23R2900/03042—Film cooled combustion chamber walls or domes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a combustor and a gas turbine including the combustor.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-195035 for which it applied on September 25, 2014, and uses the content here.
- the gas turbine includes a compressor that generates compressed air, a combustor that generates combustion gas by burning fuel in the compressed air, and a turbine that is rotationally driven by the combustion gas.
- the combustor includes an inner cylinder for supplying fuel and air, and a tail cylinder in which a flame is formed by the fuel and air supplied from the inner cylinder and generates combustion gas.
- film air is supplied from the gap between the outlet outer ring constituting the tip of the inner cylinder and the tail cylinder.
- the structure is known (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).
- a plurality of combustors are arranged along the outer periphery of the gas turbine and these are connected by a connecting pipe.
- a connecting pipe as described above is provided in the combustor, specifically, a configuration may be employed in which an opening is provided on the wall surface of the inner cylinder of the combustor and the openings of adjacent combustors are connected by a connecting pipe. is there. Further, in the vicinity of the opening, a notch is formed in order to prevent the combustion gas and flame flowing through the connecting pipe from interfering with the combustor inner cylinder.
- the combustor is inserted into the transition piece from the upstream side of the flow path, and the combustion gas is blown into the flow path.
- an inner cylinder that forms a gap for blowing compressed air between the inner cylinder and the inner peripheral surface of the tail cylinder, and the inner cylinder has a cut that is recessed from the downstream end of the inner cylinder toward the upstream side.
- a notch part and a purge air introduction hole for introducing the compressed air in the gap into the notch part are formed.
- the purge air introduction hole is provided, so that the compressed air as the purge air flow can be guided toward the notch.
- the inner cylinder is formed along an edge of the notch and is separated from the flow path.
- the purge air introduction hole may be a through-hole penetrating the protrusion.
- the compressed air as the purge air flow can be more reliably introduced into the notch.
- the through hole may be configured such that the inner diameter dimension decreases from the upstream side toward the downstream side. Good.
- the through hole since the inner diameter of the through hole decreases from the upstream side to the downstream side, the through hole can be appropriately adjusted to increase the flow rate of the purge air flow on the downstream side.
- the inner diameter of the through hole increases from the upstream side toward the downstream side. It may be configured as follows.
- the flow rate of the purge air flow on the downstream side can be appropriately adjusted in the direction of decreasing.
- the combustor according to any one of the second to fourth aspects may include a plurality of the through holes.
- the plurality of through holes are provided as the purge air introduction holes, it is possible to introduce the purge air flow toward a wider range in the notch portion.
- a gas turbine according to a sixth aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of the combustors according to any one of the above aspects, and the plurality of combustors are connected in a shape corresponding to the notch portions.
- tube may be sufficient.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a gas turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is the cross-sectional schematic seen from the direction orthogonal to the axis line of the combustor which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is principal part sectional drawing of the combustor which concerns on embodiment of this invention, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the connection part of an inner cylinder and a tail cylinder.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view (a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3) of a connecting portion between the inner cylinder and the tail cylinder viewed from the circumferential direction in the combustor according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the modification of the combustor which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the modification of the combustor which concerns on embodiment of this invention.
- the gas turbine 1 mixes fuel with a compressor 2 that takes in and compresses a large amount of air into the inside, and compressed air A generated by the compressor 2.
- a combustor 3 for combusting, and a turbine 4 for converting thermal energy of the combustion gas G introduced from the combustor 3 into rotational energy are provided.
- the compressor 2 and the turbine 4 include a rotor 5 connected so as to rotate integrally with each other, and a stator 6 that surrounds the outer peripheral side of the rotor 5.
- the rotor 5 includes a rotating shaft 7 and a plurality of annular blade groups 8 fixed at intervals in the direction of the axis O.
- Each annular blade group 8 has a plurality of blades fixed on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 7 at intervals in the circumferential direction.
- the stator 6 includes a casing 9 and a plurality of annular stator blade groups 10 fixed in the casing 9 at intervals in the direction of the axis O.
- the annular stator blade group 10 has a plurality of stator blades fixed to the inner surface of each casing 9 at intervals in the circumferential direction.
- the annular stationary blade group 10 and the annular moving blade group 8 are alternately arranged in the axis O direction.
- the combustor 3 includes a fuel supply unit 11 that injects compressed air A and fuel from the compressor 2, an inner cylinder 20 that supplies compressed air A and fuel from the fuel supply unit 11, and A tail cylinder 30 that generates combustion gas G from the compressed air A and fuel blown out from the inner cylinder 20 and sends the generated combustion gas G to the turbine 4.
- Both the inner cylinder 20 and the tail cylinder 30 of the combustor 3 are arranged in the casing 14 of the turbine 4.
- the plurality of combustors 3 are arranged along the outer periphery of the casing 9 of the gas turbine 1.
- the plurality of combustors are connected by a connecting portion C.
- all the combustors are provided by providing a spark plug only in one combustor and propagating the flame in the combusted combustor to another combustor through the connecting portion C. Is ignited.
- the inner cylinder 20 has an inner cylinder main body 39 that is arranged on one side of the inner cylinder 20 and has a cylindrical shape, and an annular outlet outer ring 40 that is arranged on the other side of the inner cylinder 20.
- the fuel supplier 11 is provided at one end of the inner cylinder 20, and an opening 25 is formed at the other end.
- the outlet outer ring 40 forms the tip of the inner cylinder 20.
- one end portion of the inner cylinder main body 39 is defined as a base end portion 21, and the other end portion is defined as a tip end portion 22, the base end portion 21 side is defined as an upstream side, and the tip end portion 22 is defined.
- the side is defined as the downstream side.
- the direction along the axis O of the inner cylinder 20 is defined as the axial direction
- the direction along the circumference centering on the axis O is defined as the circumferential direction
- the direction along the diameter of this circumference is defined as the radial direction.
- the tail cylinder 30 is a member formed in a cylindrical shape, like the inner cylinder 20.
- the inside of the transition piece 30 is penetrated from one side to the other, and one end is an opening 35.
- the inner diameter of the opening 35 is larger than the outer diameter of the distal end portion 22 of the inner cylinder 20 and the outer diameter of the outlet outer ring 40.
- the upstream end portion of the transition piece 30 is referred to as a base end portion 31.
- the distal end portion 22 of the inner tube main body portion 39 and the outlet outer ring 40 are inserted.
- the downstream end of the transition piece 30 is connected to the combustion passage of the turbine 4.
- the fuel supplier 11 is fixed to the casing 9.
- the base end portion 21 of the inner cylinder 20 is supported by the fuel supplier 11.
- the distal end portion 22 of the inner cylinder main body 39 is supported by a support member (not shown) provided in the casing 9 together with the proximal end portion 31 of the tail cylinder 30.
- a pilot burner 12P of the fuel supplier 11 and a plurality of main burners 12M are provided.
- the pilot burner 12 ⁇ / b> P is provided along the axis O of the combustor 3.
- the pilot burner 12P injects the supplied fuel from the pilot nozzle 13P.
- a flame is formed by igniting the fuel injected from the pilot nozzle 13P.
- the pilot burner 12P is provided with a pilot cone.
- the pilot cone is a cylindrical member that surrounds the outer peripheral side of the pilot nozzle 13P.
- the pilot cone is provided in order to enhance flame holding properties by regulating the diffusion range and direction of the flame.
- a plurality of main burners 12 ⁇ / b> M are provided inside the inner cylinder 20. More specifically, the plurality of main burners 12M are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral side of the pilot burner 12P. Each main burner 12 ⁇ / b> M extends along the axis O of the inner cylinder 20. That is, each main burner 12M is parallel to the above-described pilot burner 12P. A main nozzle 13M is provided at the tip of the main burner 12M. Fuel is injected from a fuel nozzle (not shown) to the main burner 12M formed in this way. The injected fuel is mixed with the compressed air A in the inner cylinder 20 to generate a premixed gas. The premixed gas is ignited by the flame formed by the pilot burner 12P described above, and a flame is generated by premixed diffusion combustion in the tail cylinder 30. The burned premixed gas flows as the combustion gas G toward the subsequent turbine 4.
- the inner cylinder 20 is disposed between the outer peripheral surface 20 b of the inner cylinder main body 39 and the inner peripheral surface 30 a of the tail cylinder 30.
- a leaf spring 23 and a seal plate 24 supported by the leaf spring 23 are mounted on the outer peripheral surface 20b in the vicinity of the distal end portion 22 of the inner cylinder main body 39.
- the seal plate 24 is a cylindrical thin plate for sealing a connection portion between the inner cylinder 20 and the tail cylinder 30.
- the seal plate 24 is formed with a plurality of slits (not shown) in the circumferential direction.
- the seal plate 24 has an upstream outer peripheral surface in contact with the inner peripheral surface 30 a of the tail cylinder 30, and a downstream inner peripheral surface joined to the outer peripheral surface 20 b of the inner cylinder main body 39.
- the leaf spring 23 is an elastic member that urges the upstream side of the seal plate 24 from the radially inner peripheral side toward the inner peripheral surface 30 a of the tail cylinder 30, and has a cylindrical shape like the seal plate 24. .
- the outlet outer ring 40 connected to the distal end portion 22 of the inner cylinder main body 39 includes a cylindrical main body 41 and a fixing member for fixing the main body 41 to the inner cylinder main body 39 so as not to drop off ( (Not shown). Further, a taper-shaped enlarged surface 43 is formed on the inner peripheral side of the main body 41 and gradually increases in diameter toward the downstream side. By the enlarged surface 43, the compressed air A and fuel are smoothly supplied from the inner cylinder 20 to the tail cylinder 30.
- the main body portion 41 of the outlet outer ring 40 includes a fitting portion 44 and a throttle portion 45 that are fitted to the tip portion 22 of the inner cylinder main body portion 39 in order from the upstream side.
- the fitting portion 44 has a shape that fits with the inner peripheral surface 20 a of the distal end portion 22 of the inner cylinder main body portion 39 without a gap. That is, the outer diameter dimension of the fitting portion 44 is set smaller than the inner diameter dimension of the distal end portion 22 of the inner cylinder main body portion 39. Further, a gap in the radial direction is provided between the outer peripheral surface 45 b of the throttle portion 45 and the inner peripheral surface 30 a of the transition piece 30.
- the gas turbine 1 includes a plurality of combustors 3 arranged at intervals along the outer periphery of the casing 9.
- the plurality of combustors 3 are connected to each other via a connecting portion C. That is, the flame generated in one combustor 3 propagates to another adjacent combustor 3 through the connecting portion C. As a result, the flame propagates to all the combustors 3 arranged along the circumferential direction, and the combustion gas G having a uniform temperature distribution is supplied to the turbine 4.
- the connecting part C has a connecting pipe C1 that is a piping member that connects two adjacent combustors 3 and 3, and a fixing part C2 that fixes the connecting pipe C1 to the combustor 3.
- the connecting pipe C ⁇ b> 1 has substantially the same outer diameter as the connecting hole C ⁇ b> 3 provided in the outer wall of the tail cylinder 30 of the combustor 3.
- Combustors 3 and 3 are connected to each other by connecting the end of connecting pipe C1 to connecting hole C3. Further, the connecting pipe C1 and the connecting hole C3 are fixed by a fixing portion C2 so as not to drop off.
- a seal member or the like for suppressing the leakage of the combustion gas G flowing inside may be provided.
- a plurality of air supply holes 32 are formed in the vicinity of the base end portion 31 of the transition piece 30 over the entire circumferential direction.
- the axial position of the air supply hole 32 is on the downstream side of the seal plate 24 when the tail cylinder 30 and the inner cylinder 20 are combined.
- the end of the connecting pipe C1 reaches the inside of the tail cylinder 30, so that the combustion gas or flame flowing through the connecting pipe C1 interferes with the outlet outer ring 40. It is necessary to avoid that. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the outlet outer ring 40 is formed with a notch 47 having a shape corresponding to the connecting pipe C ⁇ b> 1.
- the notch 47 is formed so as to be recessed from the downstream end edge 40a of the outlet outer ring 40 toward the upstream side. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the cutout portion 47 includes a circular arc portion 47 a formed in an arc shape, and both ends of the circular arc portion 47 a and the downstream side edge 40 a of the outlet outer ring 40 are straight lines. And a linear portion 47b connected in a shape. The dimension in the radial direction of the arc portion 47a is set sufficiently larger than the outer diameter dimension of the connecting pipe C1. A region between the circular arc portion 47a generated thereby and the connecting pipe C1 is a gap S2.
- a protruding portion 48 is formed on the downstream end edge 40 a of the outlet outer ring 40.
- the protruding portion 48 is formed so as to protrude in a step shape in a direction away from the outer peripheral surface of the main body portion 41 of the outlet outer ring 40, that is, radially outward.
- a plurality of purge air introduction holes 49 are formed in the protrusion 48.
- the purge air introduction hole 49 is provided so as to penetrate the protrusion 48 along the axis O direction.
- a plurality (seven) of purge air introduction holes 49, 49, 49, 49, 49, 49, 49, 49, 49 are provided in the arc portion 47 a of the notch portion 47 so as to be parallel to each other. Yes.
- the compressed air A compressed by the compressor 2 is a flow path 14 surrounded by the outer peripheral surface 30 b of the tail cylinder 30, the outer peripheral surface 20 b of the inner cylinder 20, and the inner peripheral surface of the casing 9 (see FIG. 2), and after being reversed by the reversing unit 15, flows into the inner cylinder 20.
- the fuel and compressed air A supplied from the pilot burner 12P and the main burner 12M of the fuel supplier 11 are supplied from the inner cylinder 20 to the tail cylinder 30.
- the fuel and compressed air A supplied from the inner cylinder 20 form a flame inside the tail cylinder 30.
- a diffusion flame is formed by the pilot fuel and compressed air A supplied from the pilot burner 12P.
- a premixed flame is formed by igniting with a premixed gas generated by premixing the main fuel and the compressed air A in the plurality of main burners 12M.
- the combustion gas G generated by the combustion of the pilot fuel and the main fuel is sent from the tail cylinder 30 to the inside of a turbine side gas flow path (not shown). As described above, the combustion gas G that has entered the turbine gas passage causes the rotor 5 to rotate. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, the compressed air A is taken into the space between the tail cylinder 30 and the inner cylinder 20 through the air supply hole 32. The introduced compressed air A is blown out along the inner peripheral surface 30 a of the transition piece 30 from the gap between the transition piece 30 and the throttle portion 46 of the outlet outer ring 40.
- a part of the compressed air A blown into the tail tube 30 forms a thin film (air layer) on the inner peripheral surface 30 a of the tail tube 30.
- This film of compressed air A cools the inner peripheral surface 30a of the tail cylinder 30.
- the tail cylinder 30 is protected from the fuel and compressed air A supplied from the opening 25 of the inner cylinder 20, and the radiant heat by a flame. Note that most of the compressed air A that is not used for film cooling is used as combustion air.
- the behavior of the compressed air A in the vicinity of the notch 47 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the compressed air A as the purge air flow P flows around the notch 47.
- the purge air flow P is introduced from the plurality of purge air introduction holes 49 provided in the protrusion 48 of the notch 47 toward the inside of the notch 47 (inside the region surrounded by the notch 47). Is done.
- the purge air flow P is supplied to the notch 47 in this way, the possibility that, for example, film air (compressed air A) stays in the area inside the notch 47 can be reduced.
- the purge air introduction hole 49 is not provided and the purge air flow P is not supplied, the film air stays inside the notch 47, which may cause a vortex flow.
- the flame generated in the tail cylinder 30 reaches this vortex flow, the flame is held in the region. As a result, for example, the downstream end edge 40a of the outlet outer ring 40 may be damaged or deteriorated.
- the purge air introduction hole 49 is formed in the outlet outer ring 40 as described above, the possibility of flame holding inside the notch 47 is reduced. Can do. Therefore, damage and deterioration that occur in the combustor 3 can be suppressed.
- the purge air introduction hole 49 is provided with a through hole 49 penetrating the protruding portion 48 provided in the notch portion 47 in the upstream and downstream directions, thereby purging air.
- the compressed air A as the flow P can be introduced into the notch 47 more reliably.
- the purge air flow P can be introduced toward a wider range in the notch 47. it can.
- the opening shape of the purge air introduction hole 49 is not particularly limited, and may be any of a circular cross section, an elliptical cross section, a polygonal cross section, and the like.
- the purge air introduction hole 49 (through hole 49) is provided in the arc portion 47a of the notch portion 47.
- the arrangement of the purge air introduction holes 49 is not limited to this.
- the purge air introduction holes 49 may be provided in the straight portions 47 b of the notches 47. With such a configuration, the possibility that the film air (compressed air A) stays inside the notch 47 can be further reduced.
- the inside of the purge air introduction hole 49 has been described as having a constant opening diameter from the upstream side to the downstream side.
- the opening diameter of the purge air introduction hole 49 is not limited to this, and for example, the purge air introduction hole 49 may be formed so that the opening diameter gradually increases or decreases from the upstream side toward the downstream side.
- the purge air introduction hole 49 When the purge air introduction hole 49 is formed so that the inner diameter dimension increases from the upstream side toward the downstream side, the purge air introduction hole 49 is appropriately adjusted in the direction of decreasing the flow rate of the purge air flow P on the downstream side of the notch 47. be able to. On the other hand, when the purge air introduction hole 49 is formed so that the inner diameter dimension decreases from the upstream side toward the downstream side, the purge air flow P can be appropriately adjusted in the direction of increasing the flow rate of the purge air flow P.
- the compressed air A used for film cooling is performed through the air supply hole 32.
- the mode of introducing the compressed air A is not limited to this, and other methods may be used.
- the structure which introduces compressed air A from the slit formed in the sealing plate 24 may be sufficient.
- the purge air introduction hole 49 is provided so as to penetrate the protrusion 48 provided in the notch 47.
- the recess 50 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the outlet outer ring 40, so that one of the wall surfaces in the upstream and downstream direction of the recess 50 and the cutout portion are provided. 47 may be provided.
- Such a configuration can further reduce the possibility of hindering the flow of the compressed air A as the film air in addition to suppressing the retention of the film air in the notch 47.
- the mode of the purge air introduction hole 49 is not limited to this, and for example, the purge air introduction hole 49 may be formed by providing a plurality of slit-shaped grooves from the outer peripheral surface of the outlet outer ring 40 toward the inside in the radial direction.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本願は、2014年9月25日に出願された特願2014-195035号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
従来、尾筒で生成される燃焼ガスにより尾筒の内壁面が損傷することを防止するため、内筒の先端部を構成する出口外側リングと尾筒との間の間隙からフィルム空気を供給する構造が知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
図1に示すように、本実施形態に係るガスタービン1は、多量の空気を内部に取り入れて圧縮する圧縮機2と、この圧縮機2にて生成された圧縮空気Aに燃料を混合して燃焼させる燃焼器3と、燃焼器3から導入された燃焼ガスGの熱エネルギーを回転エネルギーに変換するタービン4とを備えている。
環状静翼群10と環状動翼群8とは、軸線O方向に交互に配置されている。
また、詳細な図示は省略するが、パイロットバーナ12Pには、パイロットコーンが設けられている。パイロットコーンは、パイロットノズル13Pの外周側を囲む筒状の部材である。パイロットコーンは、火炎の拡散範囲、方向を規制することで保炎性を高めるために設けられている。
メインバーナ12Mの先端部には、メインノズル13Mが設けられている。このように形成されたメインバーナ12Mに対して、不図示の燃料ノズルから燃料を噴射する。噴射された燃料は、内筒20内の圧縮空気Aと混合されて、予混合ガスが生成される。この予混合ガスは、上述のパイロットバーナ12Pで形成された火炎によって着火されて、尾筒30内で予混合拡散燃焼による火炎を生じる。燃焼された予混合ガスは、燃焼ガスGとして後続のタービン4に向かって流れる。
板バネ23は、シール板24の上流側を径方向内周側から尾筒30の内周面30aに向かって付勢する弾性部材であって、シール板24と同様に円筒形状をなしている。
さらに、本体部41の内周側には、下流側に向かうに従って次第に拡径するテーパ形状の拡大面43が形成されている。この拡大面43によって、圧縮空気A及び燃料が内筒20から尾筒30に滑らかに供給される。
連結管C1は、燃焼器3の尾筒30の外壁に設けられた連結孔C3と略同一の外径を有する。この連結孔C3に対して、連結管C1の端部を接続することにより、燃焼器3,3同士が連結される。さらに、連結管C1と連結孔C3とは、固定部C2によって脱落不能に固定されている。この固定部C2の態様について詳細は図示しないが、ねじによる締結等が考えられる。その他、内部を流通する燃焼ガスGの漏洩を抑制するためのシール部材等が設けられていてもよい。
この突出部48には、複数のパージ空気導入孔49(貫通孔49)が形成されている。パージ空気導入孔49は、突出部48を軸線O方向に沿って貫通するように設けられている。本実施形態では、複数(7つ)のパージ空気導入孔49,49,49,49,49,49,49が、切欠き部47の円弧部47aにおいて、互いに平行をなすようにして設けられている。
一方で、図3に示すように、圧縮空気Aは、空気供給孔32を介して尾筒30と内筒20との間の空間に取り込まれる。そして、導入された圧縮空気Aは、尾筒30と出口外側リング40の絞り部46との間の間隙から、尾筒30の内周面30aに沿って吹き出される。
このような構成であれば、切欠き部47の内側においてフィルム空気(圧縮空気A)が滞留する可能性をさらに低減することができる。
反対に、パージ空気導入孔49が、上流側から下流側に向かうに従って、内径寸法が減少するように形成されている場合、パージ空気流Pの流速を高める方向に適宜調節することができる。
2 圧縮機
3 燃焼器
4 タービン
5 ロータ
6 ステータ
7 回転軸
8 環状動翼群
9 ケーシング
10 環状静翼群
11 燃料供給器
12P パイロットバーナ
12M メインバーナ
13P パイロットノズル
13M メインノズル
20 内筒
20a 内周面
20b 外周面
21 基端部
22 先端部
23 板バネ
24 シール板
25 開口
30 尾筒
30a 内周面
30b 外周面
31 基端部
32 空気供給孔
35 開口
39 内筒本体部
40 出口外側リング
41 本体部
43 拡大面
44 嵌合部
45b 外周面
46 絞り部
47 切欠き部
A 圧縮空気
C 連結部
C1 連結管
C2 固定部
C3 連結孔
G 燃焼ガス
S1 間隙
S2 間隙
Claims (6)
- 内側に流路を形成する尾筒と、
前記流路の上流側から前記尾筒内に挿入されて燃焼ガスを前記流路内に吹き出すとともに、前記尾筒の内周面との間に圧縮空気を吹き出す間隙を形成する内筒と、
を備え、
前記内筒に、
該内筒の下流側の端部から上流側に向かって凹む切欠き部と、
前記間隙内の圧縮空気を前記切欠き部内に導入するパージ空気導入孔と、
が形成されている燃焼器。 - 前記内筒は、前記切欠き部の端縁に沿って形成されるとともに、前記流路から離間する方向に向かって突出する突出部を有し、
前記パージ空気導入孔は、前記突出部を貫通する貫通孔である請求項1に記載の燃焼器。 - 前記貫通孔は、上流側から下流側に向かうに従って、内径寸法が減少する請求項2に記載の燃焼器。
- 前記貫通孔は、上流側から下流側に向かうに従って、内径寸法が増大する請求項2又は3に記載の燃焼器。
- 前記パージ空気導入孔は、複数の前記貫通孔である請求項2から4のいずれか一項に記載の燃焼器。
- 請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の前記燃焼器を複数備え、前記複数の前記燃焼器は前記切欠き部に対応する形状の連結管によって互いに連結されているガスタービン。
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KR1020177007869A KR101889671B1 (ko) | 2014-09-25 | 2015-09-18 | 연소기, 가스 터빈 |
CN201580051349.0A CN107076419B (zh) | 2014-09-25 | 2015-09-18 | 燃烧器、燃气轮机 |
EP15845067.6A EP3184897B1 (en) | 2014-09-25 | 2015-09-18 | Burner and gas turbine |
US15/512,786 US10641492B2 (en) | 2014-09-25 | 2015-09-18 | Combustor and gas turbine |
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DE112017002620B4 (de) * | 2016-05-23 | 2023-01-26 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Brennkammer und Gasturbine |
JP6779098B2 (ja) * | 2016-10-24 | 2020-11-04 | 三菱パワー株式会社 | ガスタービン燃焼器 |
JP6934359B2 (ja) * | 2017-08-21 | 2021-09-15 | 三菱パワー株式会社 | 燃焼器及びその燃焼器を備えるガスタービン |
JP7130545B2 (ja) * | 2018-12-20 | 2022-09-05 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | ガスタービン燃焼器、ガスタービン及びガスタービン燃焼器の製造方法 |
CN115135931B (zh) * | 2020-02-19 | 2024-06-28 | 三菱重工发动机和增压器株式会社 | 燃烧器以及燃气轮机 |
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TW201629400A (zh) | 2016-08-16 |
CN107076419B (zh) | 2019-09-06 |
US10641492B2 (en) | 2020-05-05 |
JP6485942B2 (ja) | 2019-03-20 |
CN107076419A (zh) | 2017-08-18 |
US20170284672A1 (en) | 2017-10-05 |
TWI582355B (zh) | 2017-05-11 |
KR20170044711A (ko) | 2017-04-25 |
JP2016065671A (ja) | 2016-04-28 |
EP3184897B1 (en) | 2020-09-16 |
EP3184897A4 (en) | 2017-09-13 |
EP3184897A1 (en) | 2017-06-28 |
KR101889671B1 (ko) | 2018-08-17 |
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