WO2016043428A1 - Appareil de dessalement d'eau de mer et procédé de dessalement d'eau de mer - Google Patents

Appareil de dessalement d'eau de mer et procédé de dessalement d'eau de mer Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016043428A1
WO2016043428A1 PCT/KR2015/007977 KR2015007977W WO2016043428A1 WO 2016043428 A1 WO2016043428 A1 WO 2016043428A1 KR 2015007977 W KR2015007977 W KR 2015007977W WO 2016043428 A1 WO2016043428 A1 WO 2016043428A1
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Prior art keywords
water
seawater
filtration filter
pump
ground
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PCT/KR2015/007977
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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임운영
임정서
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임운영
임정서
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Publication of WO2016043428A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016043428A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/10—Accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/08—Flat membrane modules
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
    • Y02A20/144—Wave energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a seawater desalination apparatus and a seawater desalination method.
  • Seawater desalination means the removal of various impurities and salts from seawater containing salts to obtain fresh water.
  • seawater desalination methods include evaporation, reverse osmosis and freezing.
  • the evaporation method is a method of obtaining fresh water by low pressure evaporation that evaporates at low temperature by lowering the pressure after supplying heat to sea water.
  • Reverse osmosis membrane method removes fresh water by filtering ionic substance dissolved in seawater by semi-permeable membrane (membrane) through which ionic substance dissolved in water is almost excluded and pure water passes. It has the advantage of being small and easy to operate has been widely used in recent years. In order to separate ionic substances and pure water from seawater, a high pressure of more than osmotic pressure is required, which is called reverse osmosis. Seawater desalination generally requires high pressures of 42-70 bar.
  • the seawater desalination plant by the reverse osmosis membrane method may be composed of a pretreatment device, a seawater desalination device, and a posttreatment device to remove foreign substances and salts contained in the seawater.
  • the pretreatment device is to remove the foreign matter contained in the seawater beforehand to remove the salt from the seawater to improve the seawater desalination efficiency. Without this pretreatment step, higher reverse osmosis pressure is required when salt is removed from the seawater by reverse osmosis, and foreign matters are excessively attached to the membrane, which reduces the permeability of fresh water through the membrane. Occurs.
  • the pretreatment water after the pretreatment process is introduced into the reverse osmosis filtration device for desalination and separated into desalted treated water and concentrated water.
  • the concentrated water is discharged, and the desalted treated water is mineralized and sterilized in the aftertreatment stage to enter the final storage tank.
  • the water is purified through the reverse osmosis membrane and the ions or molecules are concentrated through the reverse osmosis membrane.
  • the concentration of seawater becomes higher and higher, so that higher reverse osmosis is applied before the water in the seawater can pass through the reverse osmosis membrane.
  • the salinity of seawater is about 3.5%.
  • the concentration of seawater increases from 5% to 8%.
  • Patent Document 1 Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1344783
  • An object is to provide a device and a seawater desalination method.
  • a seawater desalination device comprises a raceway having a receiving space; A deep depth well connected to the bottom of the raceway and extending to a predetermined depth underground; A raw water supply pipe connected to the raceway to supply seawater or pretreatment water to the deep well; A plurality of collecting pipes positioned below the large depth well and supported by a supporting portion, and having a plurality of openings in a side thereof; A plurality of filtration filters in ring form and fitted to the outside of each of said collection pipes; A sump tank in fluid communication with a bottom of each sump pipe to receive fresh water passing through said filtration filter and said sump pipe; A freshwater flow path connected to the sump tank to transfer freshwater in the sump tank to the ground; A fresh water pump for sucking the inside of the water collecting tank and transferring the fresh water collected in the water collecting tank through the fresh water flow path; A brine pump connected to the bottom of the deep well for transferring the brine to the ground; A brine flow
  • the support portion includes a top plate for supporting the upper end of the collecting pipe, and a plurality of connecting pipes connecting between the top plate and the collecting tank.
  • connecting piping extends through the sump tank to the bottom of the large depth well and the top thereof is in fluid communication with the brine pump.
  • connection rings fitted to the outside of each of the collecting pipe;
  • a plurality of the filtration filters are fitted to the outside of the catchment pipe, and the adjacent filtration filters are connected to each other by the connecting ring.
  • the stripper is in the form of a stripper fitted to the outside of each of the filtration filter; A connecting plate connecting a plurality of the strippers to each other; A submersible pump mounted on the connecting plate for raising or lowering the entire connecting plate with a driving force by the ejection of seawater or pretreated water; Further comprising a, it is possible to remove the foreign matter adhering to the surface of the filter by raising or lowering the stripper along the filter.
  • the seawater desalination method comprises the steps of: installing a large depth well extending from the ground to a predetermined depth; Installing a ring-shaped filtration filter under the large depth well, installing a collecting pipe having a plurality of openings inside the filtration filter, wherein the collecting pipe is in fluid communication with a collecting tank; Sucking the inside of the collecting tank by a fresh water pump to cause seawater or pretreated water supplied to the large depth well to pass through the filtration filter by a reverse osmosis method and enter the collecting pipe and the collecting tank; Transferring fresh water in the sump tank to the ground via a freshwater flow path by the freshwater pump; It includes.
  • the method may further include transferring concentrated water located at the bottom of the depth depth well to the ground through a concentrated water pump connected to the bottom of the depth depth well while continuously supplying seawater or pretreatment water to the depth depth well; It further includes.
  • the fresh water can be separated from the pretreated water by the natural water pressure of the pretreated water, thereby reducing energy costs.
  • the concentrated water drained from the seawater is transferred to the ground by the brine pump to prevent the decrease in filtration efficiency due to the salinity of the brine and to reduce the salinity of the brine. Keeping it low can prevent marine pollution or reduce the cost of treating concentrated water.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing the configuration of a seawater desalination apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the main configuration of the seawater desalination apparatus of FIG. 1 in detail.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a view showing in detail the configuration of the collecting pipe and the filtration filter in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram for describing a schematic cross section taken along the line BB ′ of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 6 is a view showing a seawater desalination apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a side view illustrating in detail the pretreatment unit in the seawater desalination apparatus of FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view of the preprocessor of FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 9 is a view showing some components of the preprocessor of FIG. 7 in detail.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view for describing a configuration of a stripper in the preprocessor of FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic side view for describing a configuration of a stripper in the preprocessor of FIG. 7.
  • Seawater desalination is to obtain fresh water by removing various impurities and salts from seawater containing salt.
  • the seawater desalination device and seawater desalination method of the present invention are used to remove salt from seawater by reverse osmosis membrane method. .
  • Reverse osmosis membrane method is a method of separating salt from seawater by applying more than osmotic pressure to seawater, water is purified through reverse osmosis membrane, and ions or molecules do not pass through reverse osmosis membrane.
  • a pretreatment step of removing impurities contained in seawater is often performed before removing salts contained in seawater. This is because if the pretreatment step is not performed, a higher reverse osmosis pressure is required when the salt is removed from the sea water by the reverse osmosis membrane method, and foreign matters are excessively attached to the membrane, thereby degrading seawater desalination efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing the configuration of a seawater desalination apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the main configuration of the seawater desalination apparatus of FIG. 1 in detail.
  • 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 2.
  • 4 is a view showing in detail the configuration of the collecting pipe and the filtration filter in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram for describing a schematic cross section taken along the line BB ′ of FIG. 3.
  • Seawater desalination apparatus 200 of the present invention is a waterway 210, large depth well 220, raw water supply pipe 201, water collecting pipe 230, filtration filter 240, water collecting tank 250, fresh water pump 255 ), A fresh water flow passage 257, a concentrated water pump 270, a concentrated water flow passage 271, a stripper 280, a connecting plate 285, a submersible pump 290, and the like.
  • the raceway 210 has a space for accommodating water.
  • the raceway 210 may be installed adjacent to the ground, and installed to extend along the ground.
  • the raceway 210 may be provided with two spaced apart partitions 215 and 216, and may form three spaces partitioned by the partitions 215 and 216. These three spaces may be a concentrated channel 211 on one side, a raw channel 212 in the middle, and a fresh water channel 213 on the other side.
  • the raw water channel 212 is supplied with seawater or pretreated water for desalination by the raw water supply pipe 201.
  • the raw water supplied to the seawater desalination apparatus 200 is mainly a pretreatment water from which impurities are removed from the seawater, but is not limited to the pretreatment water and may be seawater.
  • the pretreated water is a colloidal material, an organic material, an inorganic material, a microorganism, and the like, which are primarily removed from seawater, and refers to a state in which salt remains in the seawater.
  • the seawater pretreatment apparatus generates pretreatment water by removing impurities from seawater and may be connected to the seawater desalination apparatus 200 of the present invention.
  • the freshwater passage 213 becomes a channel through which freshwater supplied through the freshwater passage 257 flows.
  • the brine 211 is a channel through which salt is drained from the raw water and the concentrated brine is supplied through the brine flow path 271 to flow.
  • the large depth well 220 is connected to the bottom of the raw waterway 212 in the raceway 210 and extends to the basement by a predetermined depth.
  • the large-depth well 220 may be positioned along the raw water channel 212 so that a plurality of wells are spaced at regular intervals.
  • the large depth well 220 extends to a depth of about 300 to 400 meters underground and may be about 10 meters wide.
  • the large depth well 220 may be formed in a cylindrical shape to accommodate water.
  • the large depth well 220 should have sufficient strength to support the earth pressure and maintain watertightness.
  • the raw water supply pipe 201 is connected to the raceway 210, particularly the raw water passage 212, and supplies raw water, that is, seawater or pretreated water (hereinafter, pretreated water) to the large depth well 220. Therefore, the pretreatment water supplied to the raw water supply passage 212 through the raw water supply pipe 201 may be filled from the bottom of the large depth well 220.
  • the collecting pipe 230 may be positioned below the large depth well 220 and may be a hollow cylinder to be supported by the support, and a plurality of openings 231 may be formed on the side thereof.
  • Each collecting pipe 230 may be disposed spaced apart in the longitudinal direction.
  • the upper end of the sump pipe 230 is supported by the upper plate 260, and the lower end is in fluid communication with the sump tank 250, so that fresh water passing through the filtration filter 240 can be collected into the sump tank 250.
  • the top plate 260 is permeable to allow the pretreatment water to pass therethrough.
  • the support part may include a top plate 260 supporting upper ends of the plurality of collecting pipes 230, and a plurality of connecting pipes 261 and 262 connecting between the top plate 260 and the collecting tank 250.
  • connection pipes 261 and 262 may be formed of a connection pipe 262 disposed in the middle, and a connection pipe 261 spaced apart from the surroundings.
  • connection pipes 262 disposed around the for example may be disposed in the large depth well 220, for example, six spaced apart from each other at uniform intervals to connect between the top plate 260 and the collection tank 250.
  • the upper portion of the connection pipe 261 may be connected to the brine pump 270, and the lower portion may extend through the collecting tank 250 to the lower portion of the collecting tank 250.
  • the filtration filter 240 may be in a ring shape and positioned outside each collection pipe 230.
  • the filtration filter 240 is a reverse osmosis method so that the salt contained in the pre-treatment water can not pass through the filtration filter 240, only fresh water can pass through the filtration filter 240.
  • the molecular size of the salt is 3.7 nm and the size of the water molecule is about 0.2 nm.
  • the lattice size of the filtration filter 240 may be, for example, about 1 nm so that no salt can pass through but only water molecules.
  • a pressure greater than the osmotic pressure should be applied to the filtration filter 240.
  • the filtration filter 240 is installed at the bottom of the large depth well 220 extending about 300 to 400m underground. Therefore, the natural water pressure by the pretreatment water is applied to the filtration filter 240, and the water contained in the pretreatment water can pass through the filtration filter 240 by the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the filtration filter 240.
  • the filtration filter 240 may have a shape in which a plurality of filtration filters 240 are fitted to the outside of one water collecting pipe 230.
  • the filtration filter 240 may have a length of 5 to 10 m, and the collecting pipe 230 may have a length of 20 to 30 m.
  • the adjacent filtration filters 240 may be connected to each other by a connection ring 235 that is fitted to the outside of the collecting pipe 230.
  • FIG. 4 the figure on the left shows the disassembled filtration filter 240 and the connecting ring 235, and the figure on the right shows the assembled state.
  • adjacent filtration filters 240 may be continuous with each other while maintaining the same height.
  • An upper end of the filtration filter 240 positioned at the top may be watertightly or hermetically supported on the top plate 260.
  • the top plate 260 is provided with a cap 265 to which the valve 266 function to open and close the collection pipe 230 is installed, and the cap 265 may seal the upper end of each collection pipe 230. .
  • the lower end of the filtration filter 240 located at the bottom may be watertightly or hermetically supported by the collecting pipe 230.
  • the filtration filter 240 assembled with the connection ring 235, the filtration filter 240 and the connection ring 235 should be watertight.
  • each filtration filter 240 With the filtration filter 240 assembled to the collecting pipe 230, there is a slight gap between each filtration filter 240 and the collecting pipe 230, so that the pretreatment water outside the filtration filter 240 is reverse osmosis. After passing through the filtration filter 240 may flow into the water collecting pipe 230 through the opening 231.
  • the collection tank 250 may be in fluid communication with the bottom of each collection pipe 230, so that fresh water passing through the filtration filter 240 and the collection pipe 230 may be received in the collection tank 250.
  • An opening 251 is formed in an upper portion of the collecting tank 250, and may be connected to the collecting pipe 230 through the opening 251.
  • the lower portion of the collecting tank 250 may be installed with a drain valve 252 for drainage during maintenance.
  • the fresh water pump 255 sucks the inside of the water collecting tank 250 and transfers the fresh water collected in the water collecting tank 250 to the freshwater passage 213 through the fresh water passage 257.
  • the fresh water passage 257 is connected to the collecting tank 250 to transfer fresh water in the collecting tank 250 to the ground.
  • the fresh water pump 255 may be connected to the lower portion of the collecting tank 250, and the fresh water pump 255 may be supported by the support member 256.
  • the collection tank 250 and the interior of the collection pipe 230 connected to the collection tank 250 may be negative pressure.
  • the pretreatment water may be collected through the collecting filter 230 through the collecting pipe 230 by the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the filtration filter 240 in a reverse osmosis manner. Accordingly, even if the natural water pressure by the pretreated water is low, fresh water can be obtained at a desired reverse osmosis pressure.
  • the fresh water collected by the collecting tank 250 may be transferred to the ground freshwater passage 213 through the freshwater passage 257 when the freshwater pump 255 is operated.
  • the fresh water pump 255 may be periodically rotated to remove and remove foreign substances attached to the surface of the filtration filter 240 into the seawater by forward osmosis rather than reverse osmosis.
  • the fresh water pump 255 is reversely rotated, the fresh water is discharged into the seawater through the filtration filter 240, so that the end of the fresh water flow passage 257 should be locked in the fresh water passage 213 or the like to prevent the inflow of air.
  • the pretreated water outside the filtration filter 240 becomes concentrated water.
  • the concentrated water refers to a state in which the salt concentration is higher than that of general seawater as the water exits the pretreated water.
  • the concentration of salt is further increased so that the water contained in the concentrated water may enter the filtration filter 240 only when a higher reverse osmosis pressure is applied to the filtration filter 240.
  • the concentrated water drained from the predetermined amount of fresh water in the pretreated water is transferred to the ground by the concentrated water pump 270 while supplying the other pretreated water to the large-depth well 220 to thereby limit the salinity of the concentrated water. Do not go higher than that. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the salinity of the concentrated water while improving the filtration efficiency to prevent marine pollution or reduce the cost of treating the concentrated water.
  • the brine pump 270 is connected to the bottom of the large depth well 220 to allow the brine to be transported to the ground.
  • the brine flow passage 271 is connected to the brine pump 270 to transfer the brine to the brine 211 on the ground.
  • connection pipe 261 extends through the collection tank 250 to the bottom of the large depth well 220, and the upper end is in fluid communication with the brine pump 270. Concentrated water is collected at the bottom of the large depth well 220, and the concentrated water may be sucked by the concentrated water pump 270 and transferred to the ground through the connection pipe 261 and the concentrated water flow path 271.
  • a stripper 280 is provided to remove impurities adhering to the filtration filter 240. While the pretreated water passes through the filtration filter 240 by reverse osmosis, more and more foreign matter is attached to the filtration filter 240. These foreign matters block the lattice of the filtration filter 240, so as to decrease the filtration efficiency over time. Therefore, a means for removing foreign matter adhering to the filtration filter 240 is required.
  • the stripper 280 may be in the form of a short ring and fitted to the outside of the filtration filter 240.
  • One stripper 280 is fitted to each filtration filter 240, and each stripper 280 may be connected to each other by a connecting plate 285. Therefore, when the connecting plate 285 is raised or lowered, each stripper 280 may also remove impurities attached to the surface of the filter filter 240 while being raised or lowered along the surface of the filter filter 240.
  • the connecting plate 285 is permeable to allow the pretreatment water to pass therethrough.
  • the connecting plate 285 is equipped with a submersible pump 290, by the submersible pump 290 to eject the pre-treatment water down or up is generated a driving force that can raise or lower the entire connecting plate 285.
  • tens of strippers 280 may be connected to one connecting plate 285, and three submersible pumps 290 may be uniformly disposed on one connecting plate 285.
  • the submersible pump 290 rotates forward and ejects the pretreatment water downward, thereby raising the entire connecting plate 285.
  • the motor of the submersible pump 290 reversely rotates and spouts the pretreatment water upward. You can lower the whole.
  • the reverse osmosis is about twice the osmotic pressure, a high pressure of 42 ⁇ 70bar is required to separate the salt contained in the seawater by reverse osmosis.
  • the fresh water pump 255 sucks the inside of the collecting pipe 230 to increase the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the filtration filter 240, thereby extracting the fresh water from the pretreated water at a natural water pressure of about 30 to 35 bar.
  • the large depth well 220 has a depth of about 300 to 400 m underground for such natural water pressure.
  • the salinity of seawater is generally about 3.5%, but in the conventional reverse osmosis, the salinity is increased to 5 to 8% while the seawater is concentrated.
  • the salinity of the concentrated water is maintained at about 4.3%.
  • the seawater desalination apparatus 200 of the present invention by installing a large depth well 220 having a depth of about 300 to 400 m underground, by installing a filtration filter 240 in the lower portion of the large depth well 220
  • the natural water pressure of the pretreatment water can separate fresh water from the pretreatment water, thereby reducing energy costs.
  • the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the filtration filter 240 can be increased to obtain a higher reverse osmosis pressure.
  • the concentrated water pump 270 by transferring the concentrated water discharged from the fresh water to the ground by the concentrated water pump 270 to prevent the decrease in filtration efficiency due to the increased salinity of the concentrated water, and to prevent the marine pollution by keeping the salinity of the concentrated water low Or reduce the cost of treating the brine.
  • the seawater desalination method includes all of the above contents.
  • a large depth well 220 is installed extending from the ground to a predetermined depth.
  • the large depth well 220 may extend from 300 to 400 meters underground.
  • a ring-shaped filtration filter 240 spaced at regular intervals is installed below the large depth well 220, and a collection pipe 230 is installed inside each of the filtration filters 240.
  • a collection pipe 230 is installed inside each of the filtration filters 240.
  • the collecting pipe 230 has a filtration filter 240 so that fresh water passing through the filtration filter 240 can enter the collecting pipe 230.
  • Collection pipe 230 is in fluid communication with collection tank 250.
  • the filtration filter 240 is subjected to natural water pressure of about 30 to 40 atm by the pretreated water supplied to the large depth well 220.
  • the pretreatment water may enter the water collection pipe 230 only through the filtration filter 240, and may not enter the water collection pipe 230 through another path.
  • the pretreatment water may pass through the filtration filter 240 by a reverse osmosis method, and the pretreatment water passes through the collecting pipe 230 through the filtration filter 240. It enters the sump tank 250.
  • the fresh water pump 255 continuously transfers the fresh water introduced into the collection tank 250 to the fresh water passage 213 on the ground through the fresh water flow passage 257.
  • the pretreated water becomes concentrated water having a higher salinity.
  • the brine is fed by the brine pump 270 connected to the bottom of the large depth well 220 while supplying fresh pretreatment water to the large depth well 220. It may be pumped and transported to the ground through the brine flow path 271. This makes it possible to lower the salinity of the concentrated water while improving the filtration efficiency.
  • the stripper 280 fitted to the outside of the filtration filter 240 to remove impurities attached to the filtration filter 240 while being raised or lowered by the submersible pump 290 periodically or continuously.
  • the fresh water pump 255 is periodically rotated in reverse to remove the foreign matter attached to the surface of the filtration filter 240 by the forward osmosis, not reverse osmosis pressure into the sea water to remove.
  • FIG. 6 is a view showing a seawater desalination apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a side view illustrating the pretreatment unit in detail in the seawater desalination apparatus of FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view of the preprocessor of FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 9 is a view showing some components of the preprocessor of FIG. 7 in detail.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view for describing a configuration of a stripper in the preprocessor of FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic side view for describing a configuration of a stripper in the preprocessor of FIG. 7.
  • the seawater desalination apparatus of the present invention includes a pretreatment unit 100, a desalination unit 200, and a connection flow path 300.
  • the pretreatment unit 100 may be located at a predetermined depth of the seabed, for example, 50 to 100m below the sea floor.
  • the pretreatment unit 100 is to obtain pretreatment water by removing impurities from the seawater by reverse osmosis by the natural water pressure of the seawater.
  • the pretreated water is a colloidal material, an organic material, an inorganic material, a microorganism, and the like, which are primarily removed from seawater, and refers to a state in which salt remains in the seawater.
  • the preprocessor 100 may be connected to the buoy 101 to indicate the location on the sea.
  • the pretreatment unit 100 is preferably installed in an open sea area in which tidal currents do not reciprocate in the same section.
  • the pretreatment unit 100 is preferably installed on a flat surface of the seabed.
  • the desalination unit 200 is located on the ground, and desalination of seawater using the pretreatment water generated by the pretreatment unit 100.
  • the desalination unit 200 has the same configuration as the seawater desalination apparatus 200 described above.
  • connection flow path 300 is connected to the pretreatment unit 100 and the desalination unit 200 to allow the pretreatment water generated by the pretreatment unit 100 to be transferred to the desalination unit 200.
  • the pretreatment unit 100 is concrete 102, support 110, the collection tank 115, the collection pipe 230, filtration filter 130, water pump 140, stripper 160, connecting plate 170 ), The submersible pump 180 and the like.
  • the preprocessing unit 100 may be configured as a single module, and a hook unit 105 may be formed at an upper end of the preprocessing unit 100. By hooking the hook portion 105, the pretreatment portion 100 can be pulled up to the sea.
  • the pretreatment unit 100 is installed on the seabed, first, the concrete 102 may be installed, and the remaining structure including the collecting tank 115 may be installed on the concrete 102. Accordingly, when the pretreatment unit 100 is maintained, the concrete 102 may be left intact, and the remaining structure including the water collecting tank 115 may be separated from the concrete 102 and pulled up to the sea for maintenance. At this time, the connection flow path 300 should also be separated.
  • the concrete 102 (or the weight) is disposed below the pretreatment 100 so that the pretreatment 100 does not flow by current.
  • Concrete 102 may be connected to the sump tank 115 may be fixed to the bottom of the seabed. Concrete 102 may be replaced with other weights.
  • the collecting pipe 120 may be a hollow cylinder, supported by the support 110, and a plurality of openings 121 may be formed at a side surface thereof. Each collecting pipe 120 may be spaced apart in a vertically standing state.
  • the collecting pipe 230 is in fluid communication with the collecting tank 115 to allow pretreatment water that has passed through the filtration filter 130 to be collected into the collecting tank 115.
  • the support 110 includes an upper support 111 supporting upper ends of the plurality of collecting pipes 120, a lower support 112 supporting lower ends of the plurality of collecting pipes 120, and the upper support 111. It may include an intermediate support 113 for connecting the lower support (112).
  • the upper support part 111 is provided with a cap 135 to which a function of the valve 136 for opening and closing the inside of the collecting pipe 120 is installed, and the cap 135 can seal the upper end of each collecting pipe 120.
  • the lower support part 112 may have a flow path shape and may be in fluid communication with the plurality of water collecting pipes 230 and the water collecting tank 115.
  • the filtration filter 130 may be in a ring shape and positioned outside each collection pipe 120.
  • the filtration filter 130 may remove impurities from the seawater by preventing impurities contained in the seawater from passing through the filtration filter 130 when the seawater passes through the filtration filter 130 in a reverse osmosis method.
  • the lattice has a size such that impurities contained in seawater cannot pass through the lattice, and salts can pass through.
  • Such impurities may be colloidal materials, organic materials, inorganic materials, microorganisms, and the like contained in seawater.
  • the grid size of the filtration filter 130 can be selected by those skilled in the art within an appropriate range depending on the desired degree of filtration, the condition of the seawater.
  • the plurality of filtration filters 130 may be fitted to the outside of one water collecting pipe 120.
  • the filtration filter 130 may have a length of 2 m
  • the collecting pipe 230 may have a length of 10 m.
  • the adjacent filtration filters 130 may be connected to each other by a connection ring 125 fitted to the outer side of the collecting pipe 230.
  • the figure on the left shows a state where the filtration filter 130 and the connecting ring 125 are disassembled
  • the figure on the right shows an assembled state.
  • adjacent filtration filters 130 may be continuous with each other while maintaining the same height.
  • the upper end of the filtration filter 130 positioned on the top may be supported by the top support 111 in a watertight or hermetic manner.
  • a lower end of the filtration filter 130 located at the bottom may be supported by the bottom support 112 or the water collecting pipe 120 in a watertight or hermetic manner.
  • the filtration filter 130 and the connection ring 125 should be watertight.
  • the collection tank 115 may be in fluid communication with each collection pipe 120 so that the pretreated water passing through the filtration filter 130 and the collection pipe 120 may be received in the collection tank 115.
  • the water pump 140 sucks the inside of the collecting tank 115 and transfers the pretreated water collected in the collecting tank 115 to the desalination unit 200 through the connection flow path 300.
  • a pretreatment module of the same size may be disposed on the left and right with the water pump 140 in the center.
  • the inside of the collecting tank 115 When the inside of the collecting tank 115 is sucked by the water pump 140, the inside of the collecting tank 115 and the collecting pipe 120 may be negative pressure. At this time, seawater may be collected by the collecting tank 115 through the collecting pipe 230 through the filtration filter 130 in a reverse osmosis manner by a pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the filtration filter 130.
  • the water pump 140 may be periodically rotated to remove and remove foreign substances attached to the surface of the filtration filter 130 by forward osmosis rather than reverse osmosis into seawater.
  • the water pump 140 is reversely rotated, since the pretreatment water is discharged into the seawater through the filtration filter 130, the end of the connection flow path 300 should be submerged in water to prevent the inflow of air.
  • a stripper 160 is provided to remove impurities attached to the filtration filter 130. While seawater passes through filtration filter 130 by reverse osmosis, more and more impurities are attached to filtration filter 130. These impurities block the lattice of the filtration filter 130 and make it difficult for seawater to pass through. Therefore, a means for removing impurities adhering to the filtration filter 130 is required.
  • the stripper 160 may be in the form of a short ring and fitted to the outside of the filtration filter 130. Each stripper 160 is fitted into each filtration filter 130, and each stripper 160 may be connected to each other by the connecting plate 170. Therefore, when the connecting plate 170 is raised or lowered, each stripper 160 may also remove impurities attached to the surface of the filter filter 130 while being raised or lowered along the surface of the filter filter 130.
  • the connecting plate 170 is equipped with a submersible pump 180, by the submersible pump 180 to generate a driving force capable of raising or lowering the entire connecting plate 170 by jetting down or up.
  • dozens of strippers 160 may be connected to one connecting plate 170, and an underwater pump 180 may be disposed at the center and four corners of the connecting plate 170.
  • the submersible pump 180 can raise the entire connecting plate 170 by forward rotation and spouting the seawater downward, and the entire connecting plate 170 is discharged by the motor of the submersible pump 180 reversely spouting the seawater upward. Can be lowered.
  • a plurality of filtration filters 130 in the form of rings spaced at regular intervals at a predetermined depth of the sea bed, for example, 50 to 100 m, and the collection pipe 120 is provided inside each of the filtration filters 130.
  • the opening 121 is formed.
  • Collection pipe 120 is in fluid communication with collection tank 115.
  • the filtration filter 130 is subjected to natural water pressure of about 6 to 11 atm by sea water. The seawater may enter the water collecting pipe 120 only through the filtration filter 130 and may not enter the water collecting pipe 120 through another path.
  • the inside of the collecting tank 115 is sucked by the water pump 140, the inside of the collecting pipe 120 connected to the collecting tank 115 becomes a negative pressure. Due to the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the filtration filter 130, the seawater can pass through the filtration filter 130 by a reverse osmosis method, and the seawater passes through the water collecting pipe 120 through the filtration filter 130 to the collecting tank. (115). While the seawater passes through the filtration filter 130, impurities included in the seawater, for example, colloidal materials, organic materials, inorganic materials, and microorganisms, may be removed. Pretreated water from which impurities are removed from seawater through the filtration filter 130 may be collected in the collection tank 115. The depth at which the filtration filter 130 is installed at the seabed may be appropriately set according to the negative pressure of the water pump 140 and the type of impurities to be removed.
  • the water pump 140 continuously transfers the pretreated water introduced into the collection tank 115 to the desalination unit 200 on the ground through the connection flow path 300. Accordingly, the desalination unit 200 on the ground may proceed with the seawater desalination process to remove salt from the seawater in the second place.
  • the stripper 160 fitted to the outside of the filtration filter 130 is periodically or successively removed by the submersible pump 180 to remove impurities attached to the filtration filter 130.
  • the water pump 140 may be periodically rotated in reverse to remove the foreign matter attached to the surface of the filter filter 130 by forward osmosis, not reverse osmosis, into the sea water.
  • the water pump 140 is reversely rotated, since the pretreatment water is discharged into the seawater through the filtration filter 130, the end of the connection flow path 300 should be submerged in the water to prevent the inflow of air.
  • the pretreatment unit 100 is located in the seabed and receives natural water pressure in the pretreatment process for seawater desalination. Just by providing a low sound pressure by the pump 140, seawater can pass through the filtration filter 130 and the pretreatment water can be collected in the collection tank 115. Therefore, less energy may be consumed for the pretreatment process to remove impurities except salt from seawater. In addition, due to reverse osmosis, impurities having a fine size can be removed at a time while the seawater passes through the filtration filter 130, thereby simplifying the construction of the seawater pretreatment apparatus.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un appareil de dessalement d'eau de mer et un procédé de dessalement d'eau de mer. L'appareil de dessalement d'eau de mer comprend : un canal d'eau ayant un espace de logement ; un puits profond relié à la partie inférieure du canal d'eau, de façon à s'étendre sous le sol jusqu'à une profondeur prédéterminée ; un tuyau d'alimentation en eau brute relié au canal d'eau, de façon à fournir de l'eau de mer ou de l'eau pré-traitée au puits profond ; une pluralité de tuyaux de collecte d'eau positionnés au niveau de la partie inférieure du puits profond, supportés par une partie de support, et ayant une pluralité d'ouvertures formées sur les surfaces latérales de ce dernier ; une pluralité de filtres formés dans une forme annulaire de façon à être placés sur les côtés extérieurs des tuyaux de collecte d'eau respectifs ; un réservoir de collecte d'eau communiquant avec les extrémités inférieures des tuyaux de collecte d'eau respectifs pour permettre à un fluide de s'écouler entre eux, de façon à recevoir de l'eau douce passant à travers les filtres et les tuyaux de collecte d'eau ; un passage d'eau douce raccordé au réservoir de collecte d'eau de façon à transférer, dans le sol, l'eau douce dans le réservoir de collecte d'eau ; une pompe à eau douce pour aspirer l'intérieur du réservoir de collecte d'eau et transférer, à travers le passage d'eau douce, l'eau douce collectée dans le réservoir de collecte d'eau ; une pompe à eau concentrée raccordée à la partie inférieure du puits profond, de façon à transférer de l'eau concentrée dans le sol ; et un passage d'eau concentrée raccordé à la pompe à eau concentrée, de façon à transférer l'eau concentrée dans le sol, et l'appareil est configuré de telle sorte que l'eau de mer ou l'eau pré-traitée passe à travers les filtres dans un système d'osmose inverse au moyen d'une différence entre une pression interne et une pression externe du filtre et peut être collectée dans le réservoir de collecte d'eau à travers les tuyaux de collecte d'eau. Selon la présente invention, les filtres sont situés au niveau de la partie inférieure du puits profond s'étendant depuis le sol à une profondeur prédéterminée, de telle sorte que l'eau douce peut être séparée de l'eau pré-traitée au moyen de la pression d'eau naturelle de l'eau pré-traitée, en réduisant ainsi les coûts d'énergie, et l'efficacité de filtrage peut être améliorée et la salinité de l'eau concentrée peut être maintenue basse par l'évacuation de l'eau concentrée.
PCT/KR2015/007977 2014-09-16 2015-07-30 Appareil de dessalement d'eau de mer et procédé de dessalement d'eau de mer WO2016043428A1 (fr)

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KR10-2014-0122589 2014-09-16
KR1020140122589A KR101666718B1 (ko) 2014-09-16 2014-09-16 해수담수화 장치 및 해수담수화 방법

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CN112390332B (zh) * 2020-11-16 2022-11-22 中集海洋工程研究院有限公司 海水淡化平台

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0957071A (ja) * 1995-08-23 1997-03-04 Hitachi Plant Eng & Constr Co Ltd 浸漬型膜分離装置
JPH10156357A (ja) * 1996-11-29 1998-06-16 Tokai Univ 淡水化システム及び淡水化方法
JPH10156356A (ja) * 1996-11-29 1998-06-16 Tokai Univ 淡水化方法及び淡水化装置
JP2001062449A (ja) * 1999-08-30 2001-03-13 Masao Hayashi 淡水化方法及び淡水化システム
KR100422891B1 (ko) * 1996-09-03 2004-03-12 네이트 인터내셔널 모듈 여과 시스템

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101344783B1 (ko) 2012-06-14 2013-12-26 (주)대우건설 역삼투 농축수 재생형 하이브리드 해수담수화 장치 및 방법

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0957071A (ja) * 1995-08-23 1997-03-04 Hitachi Plant Eng & Constr Co Ltd 浸漬型膜分離装置
KR100422891B1 (ko) * 1996-09-03 2004-03-12 네이트 인터내셔널 모듈 여과 시스템
JPH10156357A (ja) * 1996-11-29 1998-06-16 Tokai Univ 淡水化システム及び淡水化方法
JPH10156356A (ja) * 1996-11-29 1998-06-16 Tokai Univ 淡水化方法及び淡水化装置
JP2001062449A (ja) * 1999-08-30 2001-03-13 Masao Hayashi 淡水化方法及び淡水化システム

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