WO2016034285A1

WO2016034285A1 - Method and device for obtaining essential oils from biogenic plant raw materials

Info

Publication number: WO2016034285A1
Application number: PCT/EP2015/001772
Authority: WO
Inventors: Norbert Topf; Maja Schumann; Ulrike Topf
Original assignee: Norbert Topf
Priority date: 2014-09-05
Filing date: 2015-09-02
Publication date: 2016-03-10
Also published as: DE102014013762A1; EP3188814A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for obtaining essential oils from biogenic plant raw materials. In the method, the biogenic raw materials are digested and the solid phase and the liquid phase are separated continuously by means of a steam distillation process. The liquid phase is treated by means of a spent-steam condensation process and azeotropic phase separation such that an absolutely sterile, 100% naturally pure essential oil is obtained and distilled water is accumulated in the process. The solid phase is processed into absolutely sterile solid molded bodies. The invention further relates to a device for obtaining essential oil from biogenic plant raw materials, said device comprising a biomass preparation module, a steam distillation and drying module, a spent-steam condensation module for obtaining absolutely sterile, 100% naturally pure essential oil and distilled water, and a processing module which generates absolutely sterile and virtually dust-free solid molded bodies from the solid phase.

Description

Process and apparatus for the extraction of essential oils

from biogenic plant raw materials

description

The invention relates to a method and a device for the production of essential oils from biogenic plant raw materials.

In previously known plants, trees are shredded from a softwood cultivation and processed batchwise in a batch process. The distillate is an essential oil. An apparatus for this allows a batchwise distillation of the harvested biomass, whereby only the respectively obtained essential oil is used for further applications. All other products except the distillate will be disposed of without any further use. Discontinuous plants or batch-operated plants not only have disadvantages in terms of energy consumption and unfavorable levels of heat and mass transfer of the respective steam distillation, but it is also a greater apparatus technical effort, in the comparable performance range with the device according to the invention, connected to such a discontinuous device , Biogenic raw materials refer to material of plant as well as animal origin. The term "biogenic raw materials" used in the application refers to materials of plant origin, ie biogenic plant raw materials.

From DFT®-Verfahren Dampf-Fluid-Trocknung, 28.04.2009, URL: http://www.ver-qmbh.com/app/download/5785389757A/ER- Pr% C3% A4sentation-DF.pdf [researched on 27.05 .2015] - citation 1 of the DPMA decision - a process for steam-fluid drying is known which can find, in addition to industrial sludges, also solids, such as comminuted domestic waste, fluff, biomass, contaminated soils.

In DFT® process steam-fluid-drying, 30.11.2005, URL: http://www.ver-gmbh.com/app/download/5785389707/DFT-flip-paper German blue.pdf [researched on 27.05.2015] is the supply of gasification plants for the decentralized thermal processing of biogenic raw materials mentioned. Further details in this regard are not described.

From DE 198 53 151 A1, the production of fuels from waste is known for waste recycling.

From DE 43 40 513 C2, a process for the preparation of raw materials for subsequent utilization and apparatus for carrying out the process are known, which are intended in particular for the preparation of paint and dye residues or even, for example pasty or puncture resistant raw materials such as sewage sludge or the like.

US Pat. No. 4,935,104 A discloses a process for the production of essential oils by means of hydro-distillation of plant substances in discontinuous batch operation, the resulting solid phase being used for heating purposes or disposed of without further use. The invention aims to provide a method and a device for the production of essential oils from biogenic plant raw materials, which energy-saving the recovery of essential oils from biogenic plant raw materials device technology in the simplest possible way and also allows further processing and reuse of others here incurred solid, liquid and gaseous by-products allowed.

According to the invention, a process for obtaining essential oils from biogenic plant raw materials is provided for this purpose, in which the delivered raw biomass are digested and dried by steam distillation after preparation to biogenic raw materials and a separation of solid phase and liquid phase takes place, the liquid phase after leaving the steam distillation by means of evaporation condensation and azeotropic phase separation for the recovery of 100% pure and absolutely germ-free essential oil and water distillate is treated, and the solid phase to absolutely germ-free solid moldings, such as pellets, granules or the like. Processed, wherein the solid phase during the thermal Treatment is dried from a starting water content of about 35-55 wt .-% to a final water content of about 4-7 wt .-% in a substantially pure steam atmosphere.

The inventive method operates continuously and by means of a steam distillation, the treated biogenic raw materials are digested and there is a separation of solid phase and liquid phase. The liquid phase is used after leaving the steam distillation by means of Abdampfkondensation and azeotropic phase separation to win absolutely germ-free essential oil and water distillate. The solid phase is processed into absolutely germ-free solid shaped articles, such as pellets, granules or the like. Thus, both resulting in the steam distillation phases used to produce a reusable and reusable product, without the need to dispose separately of the essential oil products are separated. Furthermore, the steam distillation allows an energy-efficient digestion of biogenic raw materials with a very favorable heat and mass transfer in the distillation drying and a significantly lower energy consumption.

Further advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention are given in claims 2 and 3.

Furthermore, according to the invention, a device for the production of essential oils from biogenic plant raw materials is provided which comprises the following modules, a biomass treatment module for the delivered raw biomass to biogenic raw materials, fed with the biogenic raw materials steam distillation and drying module, a Abdampf- condensation module for the from the steam distillation and drying module withdrawn liquid phase and to obtain 100% pure, absolutely sterile germ-free essential oils and resulting distillate and a processing module to solid moldings, such as pellets, granules or the like. Coming from the steam distillation and drying module solid phase for the production absolutely germ-free, naturally pure, virtually dust-free solid-shaped body. Furthermore, the steam distillation and drying module operates continuously. The device according to the invention is supplemented by a module for workplace extraction with downstream biofilter, so that the required environmental conditions can always be met.

With relatively little device complexity, the device of the invention allows an energy efficient manner almost complete use of biogenic plant raw materials. On the one hand, the liquid phase of the steam distillation and drying module is used to obtain 100% pure and absolutely germ-free essential oil, and for the solid phase is a processing module, which processes the solid phase to solid moldings such as pellets, granules or the like., With absolutely germ-free, naturally pure and virtually dust-free solid-shaped bodies are formed in this module.

Further advantageous embodiments of the apparatus for obtaining essential oil from biogenic plant raw materials are specified in claims 5 to 7.

In summary, it is essential in the process for obtaining essential oils from biogenic vegetable raw materials that for the digestion and drying a continuously feasible steam distillation takes place, in which the solid phase and the liquid phase are separated from each other. In this digestion by means of steam distillation can be realized with effective use of the introduced heat energy, a much more effective heat and mass transfer, whereby the energy consumption can be considerably reduced.

Furthermore, it is essential in the invention that not only used in the steam distillation liquid phase is used to win 100% pure and absolutely germ-free essential oil, but that the solid phase is processed into a recyclable and recyclable by-product and you absolutely germ-free Solid-shaped body receives. These solid-shaped articles can also be used, for example, as absolutely germ-free products in livestock farming. These products allow a much greater hygiene in livestock farming, and because of the sterility can also suppress diseases. Since these absolutely germ-free solid-form bodies are extremely dry, they have an extreme absorbency due to their porosity, which increases the cleaning cycles extend the cleaning of the stable. This results in working time and cost savings.

Furthermore, the device is to be realized with reduced equipment expense.

Further details, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The single FIGURE of the drawing shows schematically a flow chart to illustrate the process sequence and the corresponding modules of the apparatus for the production of essential oil from natural biogenic raw materials.

With BE 1 is designated a ballast module, in which the raw biomass is supplied for processing according to the invention, for example in the form of any wood waste products. The thus delivered raw biomass is introduced into a biomass processing module BE2, which may be components for storage of the raw biomass, for example, in a storage bin and facilities for crushing the raw biomass.

The biomass treated in this way is then introduced into the water vapor and drying module WDTM, which is designated according to the invention, which is designated BE 3. In this steam distillation, which is carried out in a continuous process and in which the biogenic raw materials at about 120 ° C for at least about 30 min. be treated, there is a separation into a liquid phase and a solid phase. The liquid phase is fed to a module designated as a whole with BE 6, which in particular comprises an exhaust-steam condensation module in which, in the case of an azeotropic phase, 100% natural and absolutely germ-free essential oil and water distillate is obtained.

In the module BE 6, a condensation heat utilization can be realized, in which the heat of condensation formed in the exhaust steam condensation u.a. can also be used and registered for heat recovery in the overall system.

In this exhaust steam condensation treatment, a separation of the essential oils, which can be prepared and used accordingly. On the other hand, distilled water distillate, which can also be prepared and used in a manner not shown in detail.

The solid phase leaving the steam distillation and drying module BE 3 is fed, for example, to a biomass processing module BE 4. In a very general sense, this may be a module which processes the solid phase into solid moldings, which may, for example, be pellets, granules or the like. These solid shaped articles obtained there may be used for firing purposes, i. used as fuel pellets, from natural biomass without any binders and without the use of chemicals. But it is also intended for use as an absolutely germ-free hygiene material for use, for example.

Thus, in the method according to the invention, the biogenic residues are recovered after the steam distillation and drying treatment as an absolutely germ-free solid molded body for reuse and reuse.

Thus, it can be seen from the flow chart of the single figure that starting from biogenic vegetable raw materials in the steam distillation and drying treatment in the module BE 3, both the liquid phase and the solid phase in each case be processed into usable and absolutely germ-free products.

As can also be seen from the schematic representation in FIG. 1, the entire device is supplied from a power supply module BE 5, wherein a heat of condensation use is included.

In order to be able to make the environmental conditions and conditions around the treatment modules as compatible as possible, another module designated BE 7 is shown, which is a workstation suction, i. an extraction of the environment around the steam distillation and drying module BE 3 and also an exhaust air treatment, for example in the form of a biofilter or the like, allowed before the exhaust air is then discharged into the environment.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the details shown in the drawing, but there are numerous changes and modifications and additions possible, which will meet the expert in case of need, without departing from the spirit.

This can be seen in the fact that a biogenic vegetable raw material mass is continuously separated by means of a steam distillation and drying treatment on the one hand in a liquid phase and on the other hand in a solid phase, the liquid phase is used to obtain absolutely germ-free essential oil, while the solid phase for absolutely germ-free solid Moldings is processed.

It is also essential to the invention that the steam distillation is carried out in a continuously operating process. The solid phase is dried during the thermal treatment from a starting water content of about 35-55 Ma .-% to a final water content of about 4-7 Ma .-% in almost pure steam atmosphere. The water vapor distillation and drying module BE 3 can be equipped with a heating jacket, which transfers the required heating energy indirectly to the biogenic raw materials to be heated. In the interior of the steam distillation and drying module BE 3, an agitator can be arranged, with which a quasi-stationary mechanical fluidization takes place such that a fluidized bed-like state of the solid phase in the interior of the steam distillation and drying module BE3 sets with good material and heat transfer ratios.

Claims

claims

1. A process for the production of essential oils from biogenic plant raw materials, wherein the delivered raw biomass after treatment to biogenic raw materials they are digested by steam distillation and dried and this separation of solid phase and liquid phase, characterized in that the liquid phase after leaving the steam distillation is treated by means of evaporation condensation and azeotropic phase separation to obtain absolutely germ-free essential oil and water distillate, and the solid phase to absolutely germ-free solid moldings, such as pellets, granules or the like. Processed, the steam distillation is carried out in a continuous process, the biogenic Raw materials with the steam distillation at about 120 ° C at least about 30 min. and wherein the solid phase is dried during the thermal treatment from a starting water content of about 35-55 wt% to a final water content of about 4-7 wt% in a substantially pure steam atmosphere.

2. A process for the production of essential oils from biogenic vegetable rust materials, characterized in that the absolute germ-free essential oil is 100% all-natural.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the

Distillation and Abdampfkondensationbehandlung be carried out isothermally, in such a way that the heat required for distillation substantially as waste heat in the exhaust steam condensation completely recovered and returned to the overall process.

4. Apparatus for the production of essential oil from biogenic plant raw materials with a biomass treatment module (BE 2) for the delivered raw biomass to biogenic raw materials, and with a fed with the biogenic water vapor distillation and drying module (BE 3), characterized by a Abdampf- condensation module (BE 6) for the withdrawn from the Wasserdampfdestillationsund drying module (BE 3) liquid phase and to obtain absolutely sterile essential oils and resulting water distillate and a processing module (BE 4) to solid moldings, such as pellets, granules or the like. For the water vapor distillation and Drying module (BE 3) coming solid phase for the production of absolutely germ-free, substantially dust-free solid-shaped body, the water vapor distillation and drying module (BE 3) operates continuously.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the absolutely germ-free essential oil is 100% pure natural.

6. Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that an agitator in the interior of the steam distillation and drying module (BE 3) is arranged, with which a quasi-stationary mechanical fluidization is such that a fluidized bed-like state of the solid phase in the interior of the steam distillation - And drying modules (BE 3) with material and heat transfer ratios results.

7. Device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the steam distillation and drying module (BE 3) is equipped with a heating jacket, which transfers the heating energy indirectly to the biogenic raw materials to be heated.