WO2016034149A1 - 带限流器的大功率开关 - Google Patents

带限流器的大功率开关 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016034149A1
WO2016034149A1 PCT/CN2015/088958 CN2015088958W WO2016034149A1 WO 2016034149 A1 WO2016034149 A1 WO 2016034149A1 CN 2015088958 W CN2015088958 W CN 2015088958W WO 2016034149 A1 WO2016034149 A1 WO 2016034149A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
connecting body
main
breaking device
power switch
main contact
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PCT/CN2015/088958
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张文兵
赵培
马占峰
严旭
Original Assignee
中国西电电气股份有限公司
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Application filed by 中国西电电气股份有限公司 filed Critical 中国西电电气股份有限公司
Priority to RU2016127608A priority Critical patent/RU2660964C1/ru
Priority to BR112016014482-1A priority patent/BR112016014482B1/pt
Publication of WO2016034149A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016034149A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/12—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/16—Impedances connected with contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/72—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of electrical switching technology, and in particular to the design and manufacture of high power switches.
  • high-power switches such as generator breakers
  • a current-carrying circuit and an arc-extinguishing branch are connected in parallel, and a rated current is carried by a current-carrying circuit having a large flow-conducting section and a heat-dissipating area, which is in the arc-extinguishing branch.
  • the arc extinguishing chamber breaks the rated short-circuit current.
  • the peak value of the short-circuit current is high, the strong current arc generated when the contacts in the arc-extinguishing chamber are separated will burn the contact. After the current crosses zero, the plasma between the contacts has a high concentration and temperature, resulting in the contact.
  • the thermal breakdown between the two causes the arc extinguishing chamber to re-ignite, causing the short-circuit current to fail. If the size of the arc extinguishing chamber is increased or the volume of the arcing chamber is increased, the breaking capacity of the arc extinguishing chamber is increased, which increases the weight of the entire switch, increases the cost, and increases the burden on the operating mechanism. At the same time, for this type of switch, re-developing new interrupting chambers with larger breaking capacity will bring high technical risks and development costs, and require longer development time. If the demand is not large, it will bring High cost pressures are not achieved, and good technical and economic effects are not achieved.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide a high power switch with a current limiting device, in the arc extinguishing branch
  • the way the current limiter is integrated allows the switch to have the ability to break higher value short-circuit currents.
  • the high power switch of the present application includes tubular first and second main conductors, first and second outer connecting bodies, first and second inner connecting bodies, first and second static main contacts , an annular moving main contact, an annular first and second insulator, a breaking device having an arc extinguishing function, a current limiter and an operating mechanism; the first main conductor, the first outer connecting body, and the first static The main contact, the annular moving main contact, the second static main contact, the second outer connecting body and the second main body are sequentially connected in series to form a main conductive loop of the switch, and the moving main contact simultaneously has a function of opening and closing The operating mechanism is connected; the breaking device with the arc extinguishing function and the current limiting device are connected in series to form an arc extinguishing branch of the switch, and the breaking device is simultaneously connected with the operating mechanism having the opening and closing function; the arc extinguishing branch and the main conductive circuit Connected in parallel.
  • the first and second main conductors are hollow and coaxially arranged; the current limiter is disposed as an integral part of the switch arc extinguishing branch together with the breaking device inside the first main conductor, the restrictor It can be, but is not limited to, a reactor, a resistor, and a superconducting current limiter.
  • the breaking device is located in the outer space of the restrictor or partially or completely protrudes into the restrictor cavity.
  • One end of the restrictor is connected to the first main conductor, the other end is connected to the breaking device, and the restrictor is placed along the axis of the first main conductor.
  • the end of the current limiter connected to the breaking device has sufficient insulation level between the main conductor and the inner connecting body, and can be established through the gas gap or through the insulator blocking, that is, having sufficient withstand voltage capability without A breakdown will occur.
  • the resistance of the main conductive loop is smaller than the resistance of the arc extinguishing branch.
  • the first outer connecting body is connected to the first inner connecting body, the second outer connecting body and the second inner connecting body are connected; the first outer connecting body and the second outer connecting body are connected by the first insulator, the first inner connecting body And the second inner connector is connected by the second insulator.
  • First and second outer connectors, first and second inner connectors are And the first and second insulators together form a cavity.
  • the first and second static main contacts and the moving main contact are located within the cavity.
  • first outer connecting body and the second outer connecting body are connected by a first insulator, and the first outer connecting body is connected to the first inner connecting body through the second insulator, and the first inner connecting body is another One end is connected to the breaking device; the second outer connecting body is directly connected to the second inner connecting body, and the other end of the second inner connecting body is connected to the breaking device.
  • the first and second outer connectors, the first and second inner connectors, and the first and second insulators together define a large cavity, the first and second static main contacts, the movable main contacts, and The breaking device is located in the cavity.
  • the first static main contact and the second static main contact are respectively disposed on the first outer connecting body and the second outer connecting body, and the moving main contact is bridged between the first static main contact and the second static main contact Between the heads.
  • the cavity surrounded by the first and second outer connecting bodies, the first and second inner connecting bodies, and the first and second insulators is a closed cavity, the inside thereof is filled with the insulating gas SF6.
  • the first and second static main contacts together with the moving main contacts constitute a main conductive loop switch, and the main conductive loop switch has a certain arc ablation resistance and arc extinguishing capability.
  • the breaking device adopts a vacuum interrupter or a gas blow-off chamber.
  • the operating mechanism for driving the breaking device selects a spring operating mechanism or has a phase selection function forever. Magnetic operating mechanism.
  • the high-power switch described in the present application is formed by connecting a main conductive loop and an arc-extinguishing branch in parallel, and has the capability of carrying a large current and breaking a high-value short-circuit current.
  • the arc-extinguishing branch increases the short-circuit impedance through the series current limiter, limits the value of the short-circuit current in the arc-extinguishing branch, reduces the energy released during the arc combustion, greatly reduces the burden on the breaking device, and improves the load.
  • the breaking success rate is formed by connecting a main conductive loop and an arc-extinguishing branch in parallel, and has the capability of carrying a large current and breaking a high-value short-circuit current.
  • the series current limiter Due to the addition of the series current limiter, the short-circuit current is suppressed, the design parameters and volume size of the breaking device can be controlled within a more reasonable range, the design and manufacturing cost is reduced, and the economic benefit of the product is improved; the series current limiter It is integrated into the arc-extinguishing branch and integrated with the switch, which also increases the integration of the entire switch.
  • the breaking device of the arc extinguishing branch adopts a vacuum interrupter
  • the amount of SF6 gas can be reduced, which is beneficial to environmental protection
  • the permanent magnet operating mechanism can be used to realize the phase separation and closing of the arc extinguishing chamber, thereby Shortening the arcing time is beneficial to the breaking and reducing the burning of the contact by the arc, and prolonging the life of the breaking device.
  • the method of increasing the short-circuit current breaking capability can be realized faster and under less expensive conditions by the method of connecting the current limiting device in the arc-extinguishing branch.
  • This scheme has advantages in reliability indicators when adopting mature arc extinguishing chambers and operating mechanisms.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of the present application, the left end (a) of the flow restrictor is connected to the first main conductor, and the right end (b) is connected to the breaking device;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the present application.
  • the left end (a) of the flow restrictor is connected to the breaking device, and the right end (b) is connected to the first main conductor.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the present application, in which the movable and static main contacts and the breaking device are located in the same cavity.
  • 1, 2 are the first and second main conductors respectively, 3 and 3' are the first and second static main contacts, 4 is the annular moving main contact, and 5 is the breaking device having the arc extinguishing function.
  • 6 is a current limiter, 7 and 7' are first and second insulators respectively, 8 is an operating mechanism, 9 and 10 are first and second outer connecting bodies, respectively, 9' and 10' are first and respectively The second inner connector.
  • the high-power switch with a current limiter comprises two first and second main conductors 1, 2, 1 and 2, and 2, 3, 3, 3, and 3, Main contact 4, first and second outer connecting bodies 9, 10, first and second inner connecting bodies 9', 10', breaking device 5 having arc extinguishing function, restrictor 6, first and first Two insulators 7, 7' and an operating mechanism 8.
  • the first main conductor 1 and the second main conductor 2 are arranged coaxially.
  • the first main conductor 1, the first outer connecting body 9, the first static main contact 3, the moving main contact 4, the second static main contact 3', the second outer connecting body 10 and the second main body 2 are sequentially connected
  • a primary conductive loop is formed for conducting load current during normal operation.
  • the moving main contact 4 is simultaneously connected to the operating mechanism 8 having a split closing function.
  • the first and second main conductors are hollow structures.
  • the flow restrictor 6 is placed inside the first main conductor 1 together with the breaking device 5.
  • the first and second static main contacts 3, 3' together with the moving main contact 4 constitute a main conductive loop switch, and the main conductive loop switch has a certain arc ablation resistance and arc extinguishing capability.
  • the breaking device 5 having the arc extinguishing function and the restrictor 6 are connected in series to form an arc extinguishing branch of the switch, and the breaking device 5 is simultaneously connected with the operating mechanism having the opening and closing function; the arc extinguishing branch is connected in parallel with the main conductive circuit .
  • the resistance of the main conductive loop is smaller than the resistance of the arc extinguishing branch.
  • the first static main contact 3 and the second static main contact 3' are respectively disposed on the first outer connecting body 9 and the second outer connecting body 10, and the moving main contact 4 is bridged on the first static main contact 3 and between the second static main contact 3'.
  • the first outer connecting body 9 is connected to the first inner connecting body 9', the second outer connecting body 10 and the second inner connecting body 10' are connected; the first outer connecting body 9 and The second outer connecting body 10 is connected by a first insulator 7, and the first inner connecting body 9' and the second inner connecting body 10' are connected by a second insulator 7'.
  • the first and second outer connectors 9, 10, the first and second inner connectors 9', 10' and the first and second insulators 7, 7' together define a cavity, the first and second static Main contacts 3, 3' and moving main contacts 4 are located within the cavity.
  • the cavity is a closed cavity When it is filled with an insulating gas such as SF6.
  • the breaking device 5 may be located in the outer space of the restrictor, as shown in Fig. 1, or may extend partially or completely into the cavity of the restrictor 6, as shown in Fig. 2, to make the switch structure more compact.
  • the first outer connecting body 9 and the second outer connecting body 10 are connected by a first insulator 7, which in turn passes through the second insulator 7' and the first The inner connecting body 9' is connected, the other end of the first inner connecting body 9' is connected to the static side of the breaking device 5; the second outer connecting body 10 is directly connected to the second inner connecting body 10', and the second inner connecting body 10 is connected The other end of ' is connected to the moving side of the breaking device 5.
  • the first and second outer connectors 9, 10, the first and second inner connectors 9', 10' and the first and second insulators 7, 7' together define a large cavity, the first and The second static main contact, the moving main contact, and the breaking device are all located within the cavity.
  • the cavity is a closed cavity filled with an insulating gas such as SF6.
  • the breaking device 5 and the restrictor 6 are both located inside the main conductor, one end of the restrictor 6 is connected with the first main conductor 1, the other end is connected with the breaking device 5, and the restrictor 6 is along the first The axis of the main conductor 1 is placed.
  • the arc-extinguishing branch formed by the breaking device 5 and the restrictor 6 in series is used for breaking and closing the load current and the short-circuit current.
  • the moving main contact 4 and the parallel breaking device 5 can be driven by the same operating mechanism, such as the operating mechanism 8, or can be driven by different operating mechanisms.
  • the switch When the switch is in normal flow state, the main conductive loop and the arc extinguishing branch are both turned on. Since the resistance of the main conductive loop is smaller than the resistance of the arc extinguishing branch, the current mainly flows through the main conductive loop.
  • the main conductive circuit is first broken by the action of the moving main contact 4, so that the current is transferred to the arc extinguishing branch. Because of the arc extinguishing branch string finite current device, the short circuit current value is limited to the allowable range, so that The breaking device 5 can be smoothly broken.
  • the switch closing current process is just the opposite. The contacts in the breaking device 5 are closed first, the arc extinguishing branch conducts current, and then the main contact 4 is moved to turn on the main conductive loop, and the current is transferred to the main conductive loop with smaller resistance. on.
  • the breaking device 5 uses a vacuum interrupter or a gas blow-off chamber.
  • the operating mechanism for driving the breaking device 5 selects a spring operating mechanism or a permanent magnet operating mechanism having a phase selection function.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)

Abstract

一种带有限流器的大功率开关，包括由空心管状主导体、内外连接体、静主触头和环状动主触头（4）等组成的主导电回路，以及由具有灭弧功能的开断装置（5）与限流器（6）等组成的灭弧支路。灭弧支路与主导电回路之间是并联关系。限流器（6）作为开关组成元件位于主导体之内。当开关开断短路电流时，主导电回路先断开，电流转移至灭弧支路，限流器（6）将短路电流限制在开断装置（5）的开断容量之内。

Description

带限流器的大功率开关
本申请要求于2014年9月5日提交中国专利局、申请号为201410453010.0、发明名称为“带限流器的大功率开关”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电气开关技术领域，特别涉及大功率开关的设计和制造。
背景技术
目前大功率开关(如发电机断路器)普遍采用载流回路和灭弧支路并联的设计，通过具有较大导流截面和散热面积的载流回路承载额定负荷电流，由灭弧支路中的灭弧室开断额定短路电流。当短路电流峰值很高时，灭弧室内触头分离时产生的强电流电弧会烧损触头，电流过零后，触头之间的等离子体又具有很高的浓度和温度，导致触头之间热击穿，使灭弧室内重新燃弧，造成开断短路电流失败。如果仅靠增大灭弧室的尺寸或增大吹弧气室体积的方法提高灭弧室的开断能力，又会增加整个开关的重量、增加成本、加重操动机构负担等。同时，对于这一类开关，重新开发新的更大开断容量的灭弧室会带来很高的技术风险和开发费用，并需要较长的开发时间，若需求量不大，则会带来很高的成本压力，达不到很好的技术经济效果。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种带有限流器的大功率开关，通过在灭弧支路中 整合限流器的方式，使开关具备开断更高数值短路电流的能力。
为达到上述目的，本申请所述的大功率开关包括管状第一和第二主导体、第一和第二外连接体、第一和第二内连接体、第一和第二静主触头、环状动主触头、环状第一和第二绝缘体、具有灭弧功能的开断装置、限流器以及操动机构；所述第一主导体、第一外连接体、第一静主触头、环状动主触头、第二静主触头，第二外连接体以及第二主导体依次串联连接组成开关的主导电回路，动主触头同时与具有分合闸功能的操动机构相连；具有灭弧功能的开断装置和限流器串联组成开关的灭弧支路，开断装置同时与具有分合闸功能的操动机构相连；灭弧支路与主导电回路并联连接。
所述第一和第二主导体为空心式结构且同轴布置；所述限流器作为开关灭弧支路的组成部分与开断装置一起安置于第一主导体的内部，该限流器可以是但不限于电抗器、电阻器、超导限流器。
所述开断装置位于限流器外部空间或者部分或全部伸入限流器空腔内。
所述限流器的一端和第一主导体连接，另外一端和开断装置连接，并且限流器沿第一主导体的轴线放置。
所述限流器与开断装置相连的一端与主导体及内连接体之间具有足够的绝缘水平，它可以通过气体间隙建立，也可通过绝缘体阻隔建立，即具备足够的耐电压能力而不会发生击穿。
所述主导电回路的阻值小于灭弧支路的阻值。
所述第一外连接体和第一内连接体相连，第二外连接体和第二内连接体相连；第一外连接体和第二外连接体通过第一绝缘体连接，第一内连接体和第二内连接体通过第二绝缘体连接。第一和第二外连接体、第一和第二内连接体以 及第一和第二绝缘体共同围成空腔。所述第一和第二静主触头和动主触头位于该空腔内。
另一种设计中，所述第一外连接体和第二外连接体通过第一绝缘体连接，第一外连接体又通过第二绝缘体和第一内连接体相连，第一内连接体的另一端与开断装置连接；第二外连接体直接和第二内连接体相连，第二内连接体的另一端与开断装置连接。第一和第二外连接体、第一和第二内连接体以及第一和第二绝缘体共同围成一个大的空腔，所述第一和第二静主触头、动主触头以及开断装置都位于该空腔内。
所述第一静主触头和第二静主触头分别设置在第一外连接体和第二外连接体上，动主触头跨接在第一静主触头和第二静主触头之间。
当由所述第一和第二外连接体、第一和第二内连接体以及第一和第二绝缘体共同围成的空腔为密闭腔体时，其内部充入绝缘气体SF6。
所述第一和第二静主触头与动主触头一起构成了主导电回路开关，此主导电回路开关具备一定的耐电弧烧蚀能力和熄灭电弧能力。
所述开断装置采用真空灭弧室或者气吹灭弧室，在开断装置采用真空灭弧室的情况下，驱动开断装置的操动机构选用弹簧操动机构或者具有选相功能的永磁操动机构。
与现有技术相比，本申请至少具有以下有益效果：
本申请所述的大功率开关由主导电回路与灭弧支路并联而成，具有承载大电流及开断高数值短路电流的能力。其中灭弧支路通过串联限流器的方式，增加了短路阻抗，限制了灭弧支路中短路电流的数值，降低了电弧燃烧时释放的能量，极大地减轻了开断装置的负担，提高了开断成功率。
由于串联限流器的加入，短路电流受到抑制，开断装置的设计参数与体积尺寸可控制在更加合理的范围内，降低了设计和制造的成本，提高了产品的经济效益；串联限流器被整合进灭弧支路内，与开关合为一体，也增加了整个开关的集成度。
此外，若灭弧支路的开断装置采用真空灭弧室，可减少SF6气体的用量，有利于环保；再配以永磁操动机构，能够实现灭弧室的选相分合闸，从而缩短燃弧时间，既有利于开断又减少了电弧对触头的烧损，延长了开断装置的寿命。
本技术方案，在成熟开断装置的基础上，通过在灭弧支路串联限流器的方法，可较快地、在花费较少的条件下实现提高短路电流开断能力的要求。本方案在采用成熟灭弧室和操动机构时，在可靠性指标上有优势。
附图说明
图1为本申请第一实施例的结构示意图，限流器的左端(a)和第一主导体连接，右端(b)和开断装置连接；
图2为本申请第二实施例的结构示意图，限流器的左端(a)和开断装置连接，右端(b)和第一主导体连接。
图3为本申请第三实施例的结构示意图，动、静主触头与开断装置位于同一腔体之内。
其中：1、2分别为第一和第二主导体，3和3′分别为第一和第二静主触头、4为环状动主触头、5为具有灭弧功能的开断装置、6为限流器、7和7′分别为第一和第二绝缘体，8为操动机构，9和10分别为第一和第二外连接体，9′和10′分别为第一和第二内连接体。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本申请做进一步详细描述：
请参阅图1、图2和图3。本申请所述的带限流器的大功率开关，包括前后两段用于承载负荷电流的第一和第二主导体1、2、第一和第二静主触头3、3′、动主触头4、第一和第二外连接体9、10、第一和第二内连接体9′、10′、具有灭弧功能的开断装置5、限流器6、第一和第二绝缘体7、7′以及操动机构8。
所述第一主导体1和第二主导体2同轴布置。第一主导体1、第一外连接体9、第一静主触头3、动主触头4、第二静主触头3′、第二外连接体10和第二主导体2依次连接形成主导电回路，用于在正常工作时导通负荷电流。动主触头4同时与具有分合闸功能的操动机构8相连。
所述第一和第二主导体为空心式结构。所述限流器6与开断装置5一起安置于第一主导体1的内部。
所述第一和第二静主触头3、3′与动主触头4一起构成了主导电回路开关，此主导电回路开关具备一定的耐电弧烧蚀能力和熄灭电弧能力。具有灭弧功能的开断装置5和限流器6串联组成开关的灭弧支路，开断装置5同时与具有分合闸功能的操动机构相连；灭弧支路与主导电回路并联连接。所述主导电回路的阻值小于灭弧支路的阻值。
所述第一静主触头3和第二静主触头3′分别设置在第一外连接体9和第二外连接体10上，动主触头4跨接在第一静主触头3和第二静主触头3′之间。
第一和第二实施例中，所述第一外连接体9和第一内连接体9′相连，第二外连接体10和第二内连接体10′相连；第一外连接体9和第二外连接体10通过第一绝缘体7连接，第一内连接体9'和第二内连接体10′通过第二绝缘体7′连接。第一和第二外连接体9、10、第一和第二内连接体9′、10′以及第一和第二绝缘体7、7′共同围成空腔，所述第一和第二静主触头3、3′和动主触头4位于该空腔内。
当由所述第一和第二外连接体9、9′、第一和第二内连接体10、10′以及第一和第二绝缘体7、7′共同围成的空腔为密闭腔体时，其内部充入绝缘气体，如SF6。
所述开断装置5可以位于限流器外部空间,如图1中所示，也可以部分或全部伸入限流器6空腔内，如图2中所示，以使开关结构更紧凑。
第三实施例中，如图3所示，所述第一外连接体9和第二外连接体10通过第一绝缘体7连接，第一外连接体9又通过第二绝缘体7′和第一内连接体9′相连，第一内连接体9′的另一端与开断装置5的静侧连接；第二外连接体10直接和第二内连接体10′相连，第二内连接体10′的另一端与开断装置5的动侧连接。第一和第二外连接体9、10、第一和第二内连接体9′、10′以及第一和第二绝缘体7、7′共同围成一个大的空腔，所述第一和第二静主触头、动主触头以及开断装置都位于该空腔内。该空腔为密闭空腔，内部充入绝缘气体，如SF6。
所述开断装置5和限流器6都位于主导体内部，所述限流器6的一端和第一主导体1连接，另外一端和开断装置5连接，并且限流器6沿第一主导体1的轴线放置。开断装置5与限流器6串联形成的灭弧支路用于开断、关合负荷电流与短路电流。
所述动主触头4和并联开断装置5可以由同一操动机构驱动，如操动机构8，也可分别由不同的操动机构驱动。开关正常通流状态下，主导电回路和灭弧支路均导通，由于主导电回路的阻值小于灭弧支路的阻值，所以电流主要流经主导电回路。开关开断过程中，先由动主触头4动作使主导电回路分断，使电流转移至灭弧支路上，因为灭弧支路串有限流器，短路电流数值被限制在允许范围内，使开断装置5能够顺利开断。开关关合电流过程正好相反，开断装置5中的触头先闭合，灭弧支路导通电流，随后动主触头4使主导电回路接通，电流转移至电阻更小的主导电回路上。
所述开断装置5采用真空灭弧室或者气吹灭弧室。在开断装置5采用真空灭弧室的情况下，驱动开断装置5的操动机构选用弹簧操动机构或者具有选相功能的永磁操动机构。
上述本申请实施例序号仅仅为了描述，不代表实施例的优劣。
以上所述仅为本申请的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种带限流器的大功率开关，其特征在于：包括管状第一和第二主导体(1、2)、第一和第二外连接体(9、10)、第一和第二内连接体(9′、10′)、第一和第二静主触头(3、3′)、动主触头(4)、环状第一和第二绝缘体(7、7′)；具有灭弧功能的开断装置(5)、限流器(6)以及操动机构(8)；
    所述第一主导体(1)、第一外连接体(9)、第一静主触头(3)、动主触头(4)、第二静主触头(3′)、第二外连接体(10)以及第二主导体(2)依次连接组成开关的主导电回路，动主触头(4)同时与具有分合闸功能的操动机构(8)相连；具有灭弧功能的开断装置(5)和限流器(6)串联组成开关的灭弧支路，开断装置(5)同时与具有分合闸功能的操动机构相连；灭弧支路与主导电回路并联连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的大功率开关，其特征在于：所述第一和第二主导体(1、2)为空心式结构且同轴布置；所述限流器(6)与开断装置(5)一起安置于第一主导体(1)的内部。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的大功率开关，其特征在于：所述开断装置(5)位于限流器(6)外部空间或者部分或全部伸入限流器(6)空腔内。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的大功率开关，其特征在于：所述限流器(6)的一端和第一主导体(1)连接，另外一端和开断装置(5)连接，并且限流器(6)沿第一主导体(1)的轴线放置。
  5. 如权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的大功率开关，其特征在于：所述主导电回路的阻值小于灭弧支路的阻值。
  6. 如权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的大功率开关，其特征在于：所述第一外连接体(9)和第一内连接体(9′)相连，第二外连接体(10)和第二内连接体(10′)相连；第一外连接体(9)和第二外连接体(10)通过第一绝缘体(7)连接，第一内连接体(9′)和第二内连接体(10′)通过第二绝缘体(7′)连接；第一和第二外连接体(9、10)、第一和第二内连接体(9′、10′)以及第一和第二绝缘体(7、7′)共同围成空腔；所述第一和第二静主触头(3、3′)和动主触头(4)位于该空腔内。
  7. 如权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的大功率开关，其特征在于：所述第一外连接体(9)和第二外连接体(10)通过第一绝缘体(7)连接，第一外连接体(9)的另一端通过第二绝缘体(7′)与第一内连接体(9′)连接，所述第一内连接体(9′)的另外一端与所述开断装置(5)的一侧连接；所述第二外连接体(10)直接与第二内连接体(10′)连接，所述第二内连接体(10′)的另外一端与所述开断装置(5)的另一侧连接；第一和第二外连接体(9、10)、第一和第二内连接体(9′、10′)以及第一和第二绝缘体(7、7′)共同围成空腔；所述第一和第二静主触头(3、3′)和动主触头(4)以及开断装置(5)位于该空腔内。
  8. 如权利要求6或7所述的大功率开关，其特征在于：所述第一静主触头(3)和第二静主触头(3′)分别设置在第一外连接体(9)和第二外连接体(10)上，动主触头(4)跨接在第一静主触头(3)和第二静主触头(3′)之间。
  9. 如权利要求6或7所述的大功率开关，其特征在于：当由所述第一和第二外连接体(9、9′)、第一和第二内连接体(10、10′)以及第一和第二绝缘 体(7、7′)共同围成的空腔为密闭腔体时，其内部充入绝缘气体。
  10. 如权利要求1至4所述的大功率开关，其特征在于：所述开断装置(5)采用真空灭弧室或者气吹灭弧室，在开断装置(5)采用真空灭弧室的情况下，驱动开断装置(5)的操动机构选用弹簧操动机构或者具有选相功能的永磁操动机构。
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