WO2016034086A1 - 一种供电系统和方法 - Google Patents

一种供电系统和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016034086A1
WO2016034086A1 PCT/CN2015/088525 CN2015088525W WO2016034086A1 WO 2016034086 A1 WO2016034086 A1 WO 2016034086A1 CN 2015088525 W CN2015088525 W CN 2015088525W WO 2016034086 A1 WO2016034086 A1 WO 2016034086A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
module
current
load
oil machine
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/088525
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
丁麒刚
倪同
曹播
吕华军
Original Assignee
力博特公司
艾默生网络能源系统北美公司
Asco电力技术公司
艾默生网络能源有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201410441242.4A external-priority patent/CN105406580B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201410506106.9A external-priority patent/CN105529699B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201410506085.0A external-priority patent/CN105529746B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201410506108.8A external-priority patent/CN105449720A/zh
Priority to EP15838675.5A priority Critical patent/EP3190682B1/en
Priority to EP18208993.8A priority patent/EP3487035B1/en
Priority to EP18208295.8A priority patent/EP3484015B1/en
Priority to US15/507,082 priority patent/US10601246B2/en
Priority to AU2015311401A priority patent/AU2015311401B2/en
Application filed by 力博特公司, 艾默生网络能源系统北美公司, Asco电力技术公司, 艾默生网络能源有限公司 filed Critical 力博特公司
Publication of WO2016034086A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016034086A1/zh
Priority to US16/391,903 priority patent/US10637284B2/en
Priority to US16/391,853 priority patent/US10658867B2/en
Priority to US16/391,830 priority patent/US10637283B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/08—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems requiring starting of a prime-mover
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B63/00—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices
    • F02B63/04—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for electric generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/14—Balancing the load in a network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/066—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems characterised by the use of dynamo-electric machines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/068—Electronic means for switching from one power supply to another power supply, e.g. to avoid parallel connection

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of power supply technologies, and in particular, to a power supply system and method.
  • the power grid supplies alternating current to the power supply unit through the automatic switch, and the power supply unit converts the alternating current into direct current to charge the rear battery. Electricity and power the load to be powered.
  • the automatic switch is switched to switch the grid input to the power supply unit, and the oil machine is connected to the power supply unit.
  • the oil machine supplies AC power to the power supply unit through the automatic switch, and the power supply unit converts the AC power.
  • DC power supply power to the load to be powered.
  • the general battery can not be used any more if it is discharged for more than several dozen times by a large current, and the battery life is short, resulting in an overall The power supply time is short, which makes the reliability of the power supply poor.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a power supply system and method for solving the problem of short power supply time and poor power supply reliability when power is supplied to a load existing in the prior art.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a power supply system, including: a power grid input unit, an oil machine input unit, an automatic switch unit, a power supply unit, and a control unit, where:
  • the grid input unit is configured to provide an interface for connecting an AC signal of the grid, and is connected to the automatic switching control unit;
  • the oil machine input unit is connected to the automatic switching control unit for outputting an alternating current signal by using an oil machine;
  • the automatic switch unit is connected to the control unit and the power supply unit, and configured to: when the AC power output of the grid is normal, according to the instruction of the control unit, the grid input unit and the The power supply unit is turned on, and the AC power signal from the power grid is input to the power supply unit; when the AC power output of the power grid is abnormal, the connection between the power input unit and the power supply unit is disconnected.
  • Putting the oil machine input unit and the power supply list Turning on, supplying an alternating current signal output by the oil machine input unit to the power supply unit;
  • the power supply unit is configured to convert the received alternating current signal into a direct current signal, and use the direct current signal to supply power to the current load;
  • the control unit is configured to monitor a state of the AC output interface of the power grid, and when detecting that the AC power interface of the power grid outputs AC power, send a first indication to the automatic switch unit, where the first indication is used to indicate
  • the automatic switch unit turns on the power grid input unit and the power source power supply unit, and when it is detected that the grid power interface does not output AC power, sends a second indication to the automatic switch unit, where the second indication is Directing the automatic switch unit to disconnect the connection between the grid input unit and the power supply unit, turning on the oil input unit and the power supply unit; monitoring current load current, voltage, and current The power of the oil machine; according to the relationship between the current oil machine power and the current load power, and the priority level of the current load, it is determined to close the preset number of current loads.
  • the control unit since the control unit controls the current load based on the relationship between the current oil power and the current load power, and according to the priority level of the load, the power supply time can be extended to avoid insufficient power supply time.
  • the power supply is de-energized, thereby improving the reliability of the power supply.
  • the above system further includes: a battery unit, wherein:
  • the power supply unit is further configured to provide the DC signal to the battery unit;
  • the control unit is further configured to instruct the power supply unit to control the battery pack to supply power to the current load;
  • the battery unit is configured to supply power to the current load under the control of the power supply unit.
  • the battery can also be used to reserve power for the load, which can further extend the power supply time.
  • the power supply unit includes: a rectifier module and a DC/DC module, wherein:
  • the rectifier module is configured to convert the received alternating current signal into a direct current signal; output the direct current signal to the DC/DC module;
  • the DC/DC module is configured to perform high frequency isolation on the DC signal input by the rectifier module and adjust an output voltage value to be output to the battery unit and the current load.
  • control unit is further configured to detect a current of the battery pack; when the detected battery current is not greater than a preset current value, instruct the DC/DC module to perform high for the battery pack Frequency negative pulse discharge.
  • the vulcanization phenomenon of the battery can be weakened and the life of the battery pack can be prolonged, so that a small delay battery can be used for the purpose of long-term power backup.
  • the DC/DC module is specifically configured to: after receiving the indication sent by the control unit for the high frequency negative pulse discharge of the battery group, control the switch circuit parallel to the battery pack to the battery pack Perform high frequency negative pulse discharge.
  • control unit is specifically configured to: when the current oil machine power is greater than the current load power, prohibiting the current load from being turned off, instructing the power supply unit to supply power to the battery unit and the current load; When the current oil machine power is not greater than the current load power, the first load of the current load is closed from the low priority load in the order of the current load priority from low to high; the priority level is less than the preset level. After all the loads are turned off, when the current oil machine power is not greater than the current load power, the DC/DC module is instructed to control the battery pack to supply power to the current load.
  • control unit completes intelligent management of the load, and can utilize the power of the oil machine to more effectively extend the power supply time for the load with higher priority.
  • the automatic switch unit is a plurality of single pole double throw switches.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a power supply method, including:
  • the direct current is used to supply power to the battery pack and the current load;
  • the control battery pack supplies power to the current load.
  • the power supply time can be prolonged, and the power supply is prevented from being insufficient due to insufficient power supply time. The situation of electricity, thereby improving the reliability of the power supply.
  • oil machine before the oil machine is powered on, it also includes:
  • the above method further includes:
  • the battery pack is controlled to perform a negative pulse discharge.
  • the vulcanization phenomenon of the battery can be weakened and the life of the battery pack can be prolonged, so that a small delay battery can be used for the purpose of long-term power backup.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply unit in a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply system according to Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a second schematic structural diagram of a power supply system according to Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a third schematic structural diagram of a power supply system according to Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a power supply method according to Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic block diagram of a first embodiment of a conventional typical power distribution system
  • Figure 8 is a schematic block diagram of a second embodiment of a conventional typical power distribution system
  • FIG. 9 is a partial schematic structural diagram of a power supply system according to Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a partial schematic structural diagram of a power supply system according to Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a partial schematic structural diagram of a power supply system according to Embodiment 5 of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a partial schematic structural diagram of a power supply system according to Embodiment 6 of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a connection diagram of an AC power source and a load in a power distribution system such as a equipment room power distribution system;
  • FIG. 14 is a partial block diagram of a preferred embodiment of a power supply system according to Embodiment 7 of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of an AC/DC module in an AC/DC device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • 16 is a detailed flow chart of a control method in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • 17 is a connection diagram of a generator set and a load in a current power distribution system of a computer room;
  • FIG. 18 is a partial block diagram of a flexible power supply system according to Embodiment 9 of the present application.
  • FIG. 19 is a partial block diagram of a flexible power supply system according to Embodiment 10 of the present application.
  • FIG. 20 is a partial block diagram of a flexible power supply system according to Embodiment 11 of the present application.
  • FIG. 21 is a partial block diagram of a flexible power supply system according to Embodiment 12 of the present application.
  • FIG. 22 is a partial block diagram of a flexible power supply system according to Embodiment 13 of the present application.
  • FIG. 23 is a partial block diagram of a flexible power supply system according to Embodiment 14 of the present application.
  • FIG. 24 is a partial block diagram of a flexible power supply system according to Embodiment 15 of the present application.
  • FIG. 25 is a partial block diagram of a flexible power supply system according to Embodiment 16 of the present application.
  • 26 is a partial block diagram of a flexible power supply system according to Embodiment 17 of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a power supply system and method.
  • the preferred embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein.
  • the examples are only intended to illustrate and explain the present application and are not intended to limit the application. And in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a power supply system, as shown in FIG. 1, comprising: a power grid input unit 101, an oil machine input unit 102, an automatic switch unit 103, a power supply unit 104, and a control unit 105, wherein:
  • the grid input unit 101 is configured to provide an interface for connecting an AC signal of the grid, and is connected to the automatic switching control unit;
  • the oil machine input unit 102 is connected to the automatic switching control unit for using an oil machine to transmit Out of alternating current signal;
  • the automatic switch unit 103 is configured to be connected to the control unit and the power supply unit, and configured to input the power input unit when the AC power output of the power grid is normal according to the indication of the control unit. And the power supply unit is connected to input a power signal from the power grid to the power supply unit; when the power output of the power grid of the power grid is abnormal, disconnecting between the power input unit and the power supply unit Connection, the oil machine input unit and the power supply unit are turned on, and an alternating current signal output by the oil machine input unit is supplied to the power supply unit;
  • the power supply unit 104 is configured to convert the received alternating current signal into a direct current signal, and use the direct current signal to supply power to the current load;
  • the control unit 105 is configured to monitor a state of the AC output interface of the power grid, and when detecting that the AC power interface of the power grid outputs AC power, send a first indication to the automatic switch unit, where the first indication is used to indicate
  • the automatic switch unit turns on the power grid input unit and the power source power supply unit, and when it is detected that the grid power interface does not output AC power, sends a second indication to the automatic switch unit, the second indication
  • the control unit 105 is configured to monitor a state of the AC output interface of the power grid, and when detecting that the AC power interface of the power grid outputs AC power, send a first indication to indicate
  • the automatic switch unit turns on the power grid input unit and the power source power supply unit, and when it is detected that the grid power interface does not output AC power, sends a second indication to the automatic switch unit, the second indication
  • the automatic switch unit to disconnect the connection between the grid input unit and the power supply unit, turn the oil input unit and the power supply unit on; monitor current load current, voltage, and Current
  • control unit may monitor the state of the AC output interface of the power grid, and control whether the automatic switch unit is connected to the grid input unit or the oil input according to whether the AC interface of the grid normally outputs an AC signal.
  • Unit connection under normal circumstances by the grid
  • the galvanic interface outputs an AC signal to supply power to the load.
  • the input unit of the oil machine supplies power to the load.
  • the above system further includes: a battery unit 106, wherein:
  • the power supply unit 104 is further configured to provide the DC signal to the battery unit;
  • the control unit 105 is further configured to instruct the power supply unit to control the battery pack to supply power to the current load;
  • the battery unit 106 is configured to supply power to the current load under the control of the power supply unit.
  • the power supply unit 104 includes: a rectification module 201 and a DC/DC module 202, wherein:
  • the rectifier module 201 is configured to convert the received alternating current signal into a direct current signal; output the direct current signal to the DC/DC module;
  • the DC/DC module 202 is configured to perform high frequency isolation on the DC signal input by the rectifier module and adjust an output voltage value to be output to the battery unit and the current load.
  • control unit 105 is further configured to detect a current of the battery pack; when the detected battery current is not greater than a preset current value, instruct the DC/DC module to perform the battery pack High frequency negative pulse discharge.
  • the DC/DC module 202 is specifically configured to: after receiving the indication sent by the control unit for performing negative pulse discharge on the battery pack, control a switch circuit connected in parallel with the battery pack to perform battery assembly on the battery pack High frequency negative pulse discharge.
  • control unit 105 is configured to: when the current oil machine power is greater than the current load power, prohibit the current load from being turned off, and indicate that the power supply unit is the battery unit and the The current load power supply; when the current oil machine power is not greater than the current load power, according to the current load priority from low to high, starting from a low priority load, closing the first quantity of the current load; After the load with the priority level less than the preset level is all turned off, when the current oil machine power is not greater than the current load power, the DC/DC module is instructed to control the battery pack to supply power to the current load.
  • the automatic switch unit is a plurality of single pole double throw switches.
  • Embodiment 1 of the present application provides a power supply system, and a schematic structural diagram thereof is shown in FIG. 3, including: a power grid input unit 301, an oil machine input unit 302, an automatic switch unit 303, a power supply unit 304, a control unit 305, and a battery.
  • Group unit 306 the power supply system can supply power in two working modes: grid power supply mode and oil machine power supply mode, the specific working principle is as follows:
  • the grid input unit 301 provides an interface for connecting the grid AC signals, and the interface can be used to input the grid AC signals.
  • the interface can provide three-phase alternating current, including three phase input interfaces a1, b1, c1, and a1, b1, c1 are respectively connected to the first contact p1 of the three single-pole double-throw switches of the automatic changeover switch unit 303.
  • the oil machine input unit 302 supplies power using an oil machine in which three phase output points a2, b2, and c2 of the three-phase power source are respectively connected to the second contacts p2 of the three single-pole double-throw switches of the automatic change-over switch unit 303.
  • the grid input unit 301 and the oil input unit 302 provide a three-phase alternating current signal to the power supply unit 304 through the automatic changeover switch unit 303.
  • the power supply unit 304 includes a rectifier module 3041 and a DC/DC module 3042.
  • the grid input unit 301 or the oil input unit 302 provides a three-phase alternating current signal to the rectifier module 3041 through the automatic switch unit 303, and the rectifier module 3041 performs three-phase communication.
  • the electric signal is converted into a DC bus voltage output to the DC/DC module 3042, and the DC/DC module 3042 converts the DC bus voltage into a high-precision DC voltage through high-frequency isolation.
  • the control unit 305 monitors the state of the AC signal of the grid AC interface of the grid input unit 301. Specifically, it can determine whether the AC signal of the grid AC interface is normal by detecting the voltage of the first contact p1. When the voltage of p1 is normal, the AC signal outputted by the AC interface of the grid is normal, and the control unit 305 sends a first indication to the automatic switch unit 303, indicating that the single pole of the automatic switch unit 303 is connected to the first contact p1.
  • the power grid input unit 301 and the power supply unit 304 are powered by the power grid for the latter equipment.
  • the control unit 305 can determine the current flowing through the battery pack through the current detecting devices RS1 and RS2, and the control unit 305 can detect the voltages across RS1 and RS2, and can determine the current values flowing through RS1 and RS2 according to the resistance values of RS1 and RS2.
  • the current flowing through RS1 is the total current flowing through the battery pack and the load
  • the current flowing through RS2 is the current value of the load
  • (RS1-RS2) is the current flowing through the battery pack.
  • the function of the battery pack is also to reserve electric energy and supply power to the load. If the battery pack is subjected to multiple high-current discharges when the load is supplied to the load, the battery will be vulcanized, resulting in shortened battery life.
  • the battery pack needs to be repaired by negative pulse discharge.
  • the control unit 305 detects that the current of the battery pack is not greater than the preset current value, the control unit 305 sends an indication to the DC/DC module 3042 to perform a high frequency negative pulse discharge on the battery pack, when the DC/DC module 3042 receives the indication. Thereafter, the switching circuit in parallel with the battery pack is controlled to perform high frequency negative pulse discharge on the battery pack.
  • the preset current value can be set to a preset percentage value of the rated current of the battery pack. For example, the preset current value can be set to be 30% of the rated current of the battery pack. Negative pulse discharge repair of the battery pack can weaken the vulcanization of the battery and prolong the life of the battery pack. Through the control unit to charge and discharge the battery pack, due to the extended battery pack life, a small delay battery can be used to achieve long-term power backup.
  • control unit 305 When the control unit 305 detects that the voltage of the first contact p1 is zero, the AC signal output by the grid AC interface is abnormal, the grid is powered off, and the control unit 305 sends a second indication to the automatic switch unit 303, indicating the automatic switch unit 303.
  • the single pole is connected to the second contact p2, and the oil input unit 302 and the power supply unit 304 are turned on. At this time, the oil input unit 301 supplies power to the latter device.
  • the alternating current signal provided by the grid input unit 301 or the oil input unit 302 is converted into a direct current signal by the alternating current signal after passing through the rectifying module 3041, and the rectifying module 3041 outputs the direct current signal to the DC/DC module 3042, and the DC/DC module 3042 is rectified.
  • the DC signal input by the module performs high frequency isolation and adjusts the output voltage value, and can charge the battery pack in the battery unit 306 and supply power to the load.
  • the backup time is largely determined by the amount of diesel or gasoline in the oil machine.
  • the power of the high priority load can be used to provide the load with a small capacity oil machine.
  • the control unit 305 can obtain the product of the current load power being the voltage value of the RS2 and the current value through the voltage value of the current load and the calculated current of the RS2; the control unit 305 can pass the detection.
  • the product of the output voltage of the oil machine and the total output current of the oil machine, that is, the current of RS1 determines the current oil machine power, and the control unit can determine the output voltage of the oil machine by detecting the voltage of the second contact p2.
  • each load corresponding to the load has a corresponding switch load to switch the load of the road to control the load of the road.
  • the current oil machine power is greater than the current load power, the current oil machine power can satisfy the power supply demand for each load, all the load switch closures are in a normal working state, and the control unit 305 controls to prohibit the current load from being turned off and instructs the power supply unit 304 to be a battery pack.
  • the unit and all current load power supply when the current oil machine power is not greater than the current load power, according to the current load priority from low to high, from the lower priority load to be powered First, the first quantity of the current load is closed, and the first quantity can be flexibly set according to actual experience and needs. For example, the load with the lowest priority can be turned off first, and after the load is turned off, the current power of the oil machine and the current load power are determined. The size relationship between the two, if the current oil machine power is still not greater than the current load power, then continue to close the lowest priority load among the remaining load.
  • the control unit 304 instructs the DC/DC module to control and control the battery pack to supply power to the current load, and the oil machine at this time
  • the battery pack supplies power to the current load. Since the power of the oil machine is insufficient to supply power to the current load, the battery will continue to discharge until the battery is discharged to undervoltage protection.
  • the priority level of each load is preset, and the load is intelligently managed, and the power of the oil machine can be more effectively used to extend the power supply time for the load with higher priority. .
  • the current detecting devices RS1 and RS2 may be replaced with Hall sensors, as shown in FIG. 4, including: a grid input unit 401, an oil input unit 402, an automatic switching unit 403, a power supply unit 404, a control unit 405, and A battery unit 406, and a rectifier module 4041 and a DC/DC module 4042.
  • the power supply system can be implemented by using multiple rectifier modules and DC/DC modules in parallel, as shown in FIG. 5, including: a grid input unit 501, an oil input unit 502, an automatic switch unit 503, a power supply unit 504, Control unit 505 and battery unit 506, as well as rectifier module 5041 and DC/DC module 5042.
  • the grid input unit 301 and the oil input unit 302 can also provide a single-phase AC signal.
  • the automatic switch unit 303 is connected to the AC signal by using two single-pole double-throw switches.
  • the module can adopt a rectification circuit that converts a single-phase AC signal into a DC point signal in the prior art, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • the control unit controls the current load amount according to the relationship between the current oil machine power and the current load power, and according to the priority level of the load, the power supply time can be extended and the power supply time can be avoided.
  • the power supply is cut off due to insufficient power, which improves the reliability of the power supply.
  • due to the negative pulse discharge repair of the battery pack the vulcanization phenomenon of the battery can be reduced, and the battery life can be prolonged.
  • the second embodiment of the present application further provides a power supply method, as shown in FIG. 6 , in combination with each unit included in the power supply system, the method specifically includes The following processing steps:
  • Step 601 The control unit monitors an operating state of the power grid input unit.
  • the power supply unit provides power for the rear-level equipment.
  • the oil machine can be used. Or the battery pack provides power.
  • Step 602 When it is detected that the grid input unit stops supplying power, the control oil machine is started.
  • control unit may control the automatic switch unit switching switch to be connected to the grid input unit or to the oil input unit.
  • Step 603 When the oil machine is started to supply power, the power supply unit converts the alternating current provided by the oil machine into direct current.
  • the alternating current can be converted into direct current by an existing rectifier circuit.
  • Step 604 The control unit monitors the battery current, the current load current, and the current oil power.
  • Step 605 The control unit determines whether the current oil machine power is greater than the current load power. If yes, the process proceeds to step 606. If no, the process proceeds to step 607.
  • the current load power can be determined by the product of the current load current and the current load resistance.
  • Step 606 When the current oil machine power is greater than the current load power, the control unit instructs the power supply unit to use the converted direct current to supply power to the battery pack and the current load.
  • Step 607 When the current oil machine power is greater than the current load power, the control unit starts the power supply load with a lower priority according to the current load priority from low to high, and turns off the first quantity of the power supply load, and returns to step 605. .
  • This first quantity can be flexibly set according to actual experience and needs. Specifically, the control unit can turn off the lowest priority load and return to step 605 to continue to determine the current oil machine power and the current load power.
  • Step 608 After the power supply load whose priority level is less than the preset level is all turned off, when the current oil machine power is not greater than the current load power, the control unit instructs the power supply unit to control the battery pack to supply power to the current load.
  • the battery pack needs to be subjected to negative pulse discharge repair, and the specific processing is as follows.
  • Step 609 Detect battery current.
  • Step 610 When the detected battery current is not greater than a preset current value, control the battery pack to perform a negative pulse discharge.
  • the preset current value may be set to a preset percentage value of the battery pack rated current, for example, may be set to 20% of the battery pack rated current.
  • control unit is based on the current oil power and
  • the relationship between the current load power and the current load according to the priority level of the load can extend the power supply time and avoid the power failure caused by insufficient power supply time, thereby improving the reliability of the power supply.
  • the vulcanization phenomenon of the battery can be reduced, and the battery life can be prolonged.
  • the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application includes: a power grid input unit, an oil machine input unit, an automatic switch unit, a power supply unit, a control unit, and a battery unit, wherein: a grid input unit is used for the power source
  • the power supply unit provides alternating current
  • the oil input unit is for supplying alternating current to the power supply unit
  • the automatic switch unit is configured to connect the grid input unit and the power supply unit through the switch when the grid input unit is normally powered according to the instruction of the control unit.
  • the switch When the power grid input unit stops supplying power, the switch is connected to the oil machine input unit and the power supply unit; the power supply unit is configured to convert the received alternating current into direct current, provide the battery unit, and supply power to the current load; The unit is configured to monitor the working state of the working unit of the power grid. When the grid input unit is monitored for normal operation, the automatic switching unit is controlled to be connected with the grid input unit. When the grid input unit is stopped, the automatic switching unit and the oil are controlled.
  • Machine input unit connection monitoring The current of the pool group, the current load current and the current oil power; according to the relationship between the current oil power and the current load power, determine the power supply load to be turned off; after the power supply load whose priority level is less than the preset level is all turned off, When the oil machine power is less than the current load power, the control battery pack supplies power to the current load; according to the monitored battery pack current, the battery pack is controlled to perform negative pulse discharge; and the battery pack unit is used to supply power to the load to be powered.
  • the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application is used to extend the power supply time and improve the reliability of power supply.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a first embodiment of a typical power distribution system, such as a power distribution system of a data room.
  • the power distribution system is mainly composed of a utility power network 11, a generator 21, an alternating current power equipment group 30, a battery 40, and an ATS (automatic switch) switching module 50.
  • the utility power network 11 can be one or two ways, and the generator 21, such as a diesel generator, is used as a backup power source after the utility power is cut off.
  • the ATS switching module 50 introduces the commercial power to the alternating current power equipment group 30.
  • the ATS switching module 50 sends a signal to the controller of the generator 21, thereby causing the generator 21 to start.
  • the AC power device group 30 takes power from the battery 40 for a short period of time to maintain normal operation of the system.
  • the ATS switching module 50 automatically switches to the generator 21, and transmits the power of the generator 21 to the AC power device group 30 to realize uninterrupted power supply.
  • the AC power plant group 30 can have a main input 31, a DC input 32, and a bypass input 33.
  • two input terminals of the ATS switching module 50 are respectively connected to the mains network 11 and the generator 21, the output of the ATS switching module 50 and the main input 31 and the bypass input of the AC power device group 30.
  • Terminal 33 is connected as a mains supply and a bypass supply.
  • the DC input terminal 32 of the AC power device group 30 is connected to the battery 40.
  • the AC power equipment group 30 is powered by the mains network 11 through the main line input terminal 31.
  • the AC power device group 30 When the mains network 11 is abnormal, since the main circuit input terminal 31 is powered off, the AC power device group 30 is connected to the battery 40 through the DC input terminal 32, and the internal inverter module can invert the DC power of the battery 40 into AC power.
  • the main input 31 detects the power input, so the power input is switched from the DC input 32 back to the main input 31 for normal power usage.
  • the bypass input terminal 33 is used as a backup power source when both the main circuit input terminal 31 and the DC input terminal 32 are powered down or abnormal.
  • the AC power device group 30 and the battery 40 may be one or more groups. As shown in the second embodiment of FIG.
  • the power distribution system includes N sets of AC power equipment groups and batteries, such as the first AC power equipment group 30-1, the second AC power equipment group 30-2, ... ..., the Nth alternating current electrical equipment group 30-N; the first battery 40-1, the second battery 40-2, ..., the Nth battery 40-N; wherein N is a natural number greater than one.
  • Each group of AC power settings The standby group 30 connects the battery 40 of the group configuration in the same manner and is commonly connected to the ATS switching module 50.
  • the generator 21 is directly attached to the AC power equipment group 30, and the AC power equipment group 30 can include various AC power equipment, such as an uninterruptible power supply (UPS). System, high voltage direct current output (HVDC) system or air conditioner.
  • UPS uninterruptible power supply
  • HVDC high voltage direct current output
  • Some AC consumers have the characteristics of instantaneous input of large current. For example, when the UPS is switched from the battery 40 to the generator 21, the generator 21 is equivalent to a sudden increase of a large load, and the UPS is switched at the battery 40.
  • the generator 21 is connected, the input instantaneous power is generally greater than its rated input power. Therefore, it is required to input the generator 21 to be configured with a capacity of about 2 times to meet the reliable and safe uninterrupted operation of the system.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an example of another power supply system in which an AC/DC conversion module is added, which can effectively reduce the disadvantages of the high power generation capacity of the existing power distribution system. Generator configuration.
  • Embodiment 3 of the present application also provides another embodiment of a power supply system, and particularly can be used as a data machine.
  • the power supply system is in addition to the power grid input unit 101, the oil machine input unit 102, the automatic changeover switch unit 103, the power supply unit 104, and the control unit 105 shown in FIG. 1 (the above units are not shown in the figure)
  • the AC power device group 30, the battery 40, and the AC/DC conversion module 60 are included.
  • the AC power equipment group 30 is powered by the grid AC signal when the AC power output of the grid AC interface 10 is normal.
  • the grid input unit 101 provides an interface 10 for connecting an AC signal of the grid, that is, equivalent to connecting to the utility network, thereby outputting the AC signal of the grid.
  • the oil machine 20 receives a signal indicating that the utility network is abnormal and starts to start.
  • the AC power plant group 30 is powered by the battery 40 to maintain normal operation of the system.
  • the oil machine input unit 102 outputs an alternating current signal using the oil machine 20.
  • the oil machine 20 is also referred to as an oil generator, and the oil machine 20 is a diesel generator or a gasoline generator.
  • the AC power plant group 30 can include a wide variety of AC power devices, such as an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system, a high voltage direct current output (HVDC) system, or an air conditioner.
  • UPS uninterruptible power supply
  • HVDC high voltage direct current output
  • air conditioner an air conditioner
  • the present embodiment is unique in that an AC/DC conversion module 60 is added to the power supply system. After the startup of the oil machine 20 is completed, the AC/DC conversion module 60 converts the alternating current of the oil machine 20 into a direct current output and supplies the battery. 40. In this case, the battery 40 and the AC/DC conversion module 60 are simultaneously supplied with power to the AC power device group 30 in combination.
  • the embodiment of the present application also controls the joint power supply process of the battery 40 and the AC/DC conversion module 60 after the startup of the oil machine 20 is completed.
  • the AC/DC conversion module 60 and the battery 40 are combined for the AC power equipment group 30. powered by.
  • the AC power equipment group 30 is When the total required power of all current operating loads of the AC power equipment group 30 is equal to or less than the instantaneous power of the oil machine 20, the AC/DC conversion module 60 supplies power to the AC power equipment group 30, and the AC/DC conversion module at this time.
  • the battery 60 is also charged to the battery 40.
  • the control process can be implemented by a control module.
  • the control module can determine whether the total required power is greater than the instantaneous power of the oil machine 20 by detecting, for example, the total input current of the alternating current power device group 30 after the startup of the oil machine 20 is completed, and then controlling the battery 40 to enter the discharge mode.
  • the AC/DC conversion module 60 and the battery 40 are jointly powered, otherwise the battery 40 is controlled to enter the charging mode, and the AC/DC conversion module 60 supplies power to the AC power device group 30 while charging the battery 40.
  • the control module also controls the battery 40 to supply power to the AC power device group 30 before the grid AC interface 10 outputs an AC abnormality and the oil machine 20 is started.
  • the AC output power of the oil machine 20 is converted into a DC current output power, and is combined with the battery 40 to supply power to the AC power device group 30.
  • Such an architecture solves the problem that the transient output energy requirement is greater than the input energy requirement, and the configuration of the oil machine is prevented from being too large for this reason.
  • the AC/DC conversion module 60 and the battery 40 are jointly powered.
  • the oil machine 20 can cope with a load having a pulsating power requirement, reducing the capacity configuration of the oil machine 20.
  • the battery 40 is charged by the AC/DC conversion module 60. , at the same time provided to the load. This method enables the use of a smaller oil machine 20 to cope with loads with pulsating power requirements, saving investment.
  • the AC power device group 30 may have a main circuit input terminal 31, a DC input terminal 32, and a bypass input terminal 33, wherein the main circuit input terminal 31 is preferentially powered as a main circuit power source, and the DC input terminal 32 is used to connect the DC input when the main input 31 has no power input, and the internal inverter module can invert the DC input from the DC input 32 into AC power.
  • the bypass input terminal 33 is used as a bypass power source or a backup power source when both the main circuit input terminal 31 and the DC input terminal 32 are powered down or abnormal.
  • the mains AC signal of the embodiment of the present application is connected to the main input 31 of the AC electric equipment group 30 as the main power.
  • the DC input 32 of the AC power plant group 30 is coupled to the AC/DC converter module 60 and the battery 40 to facilitate powering through the DC input 32 when the AC interface 10 outputs an AC abnormality.
  • the bypass input terminal 33 of the AC power device group 30 gives two specific connection methods for reference.
  • the bypass input terminal 33 of the AC power plant group 30 is connected to the oil machine 20 for facilitating the DC input inside the AC power device group 30.
  • the system can be switched to the bypass input terminal 33, and the oil machine 20 is used as a bypass power source to supply power to the AC power device group 30.
  • the oil machine 20 is connected to the bypass input terminal 33, which can serve as the last power supply barrier for ensuring normal operation of the system.
  • the power supply system further includes an ATS switching module 50.
  • the two input terminals of the ATS switching module 50 are respectively connected to the grid AC signal and the oil machine 20, and the output of the ATS switching module 50 is connected to the bypass input terminal 33 of the AC power device group 30 as a bypass power source.
  • the ATS switching module 50 switches back to the grid AC signal to supply power to the AC power equipment group 30.
  • the conventional connection in the prior art is to connect the output of the oil machine 20 to the main input terminal 31 of the AC power device group 30, but in this embodiment only the bypass input terminal 33 is required.
  • the UPS will preferentially obtain power from the main circuit without taking energy from the battery 40, and the ability to cope with the pulsating power demand cannot be achieved by the AC/DC conversion module 60.
  • the oil machine 20 is connected to the bypass input 33 as a bypass source because if the inverter of the UPS system fails, a backup power source is required, and the bypass power source is the last barrier of the UPS system.
  • the AC power device group 30, the battery 40, and the AC/DC conversion module 60 in the power supply system of the embodiment of the present application may be one or more groups.
  • Embodiment 5 of the present application further provides another embodiment of a power supply system, except the power grid input unit 101, the oil machine input unit 102, the automatic switch unit 103, and the power supply system shown in FIG.
  • the unit 104 and the control unit 105 (all of which are not shown in the drawings) further include N sets of AC power device groups 30, a battery 40, and an AC/DC conversion module 60.
  • Each of the AC electrical equipment groups 30 is equipped with a set of batteries 40 and an AC/DC conversion module 60.
  • the first alternating current power device group 30-1 is connected to the corresponding first battery 40-1 and the first AC/DC conversion module 60-1
  • the second alternating current power device group 30-2 and the corresponding second battery 40 are connected.
  • -2 is connected to the second AC/DC conversion module 60-2
  • the Nth AC power device group 30-N and the corresponding N battery 40-N is coupled to NAC/DC conversion module 60-N, where N is a natural number greater than one.
  • the connection relationship and working process of each AC electrical equipment group 30 and other functional modules in the power supply system are the same as those described in FIG. 9 or FIG.
  • Each AC power device group 30 may also include a main circuit input terminal 31, a DC input terminal 32, and a bypass input terminal 33 as described above, and the connection relationship and operation process are also the same as those described in FIG. 9 or FIG.
  • the total required power of all current operating loads of the AC power device group 30 refers to the first AC power device group 30-1 to the Nth AC power device group 30- The total required power of all currently running loads in N.
  • the control module can determine whether the total required power is greater than the instantaneous power of the oil machine 20 by detecting the total input current of the first alternating current power device group 30-1 to the Nth alternating current power device group 30-N, and then control the first battery 40.
  • Nth battery 40-N all enter a discharge mode, at which time each group of AC/DC conversion module 60 and battery 40 jointly supply power to respective AC power device groups 30, otherwise control first battery 40-1 to The Nth battery 40-N enters the charging mode, and the battery 40 is charged while the AC/DC conversion module 60 of each group supplies power to the respective AC power device group 30.
  • the embodiment 6 of the present application further provides another embodiment of the power supply system.
  • the power supply system provided by the embodiment further includes: a reactive power compensation module 71 connected to the output end of the oil machine 20 for When the oil machine is running, the power factor of the load carried by the oil machine 20 is adjusted, so that the load carried by the oil machine 20 is resistive or weak.
  • the reactive power compensation module 71 directly connected to the output of the oil machine 20 can adjust the power factor of the load of the oil machine 20, especially for the lead load, and the load is adjusted to resistive or weakly by the reactive power compensation module 71.
  • the input power factor of a standard oil machine's expected load is a hysteresis of 0.8.
  • the oil machine 20 after passing through the reactive power compensation module 71, the oil machine 20 is The output is connected to the ATS switching module 50 and the respective AC/DC conversion modules 60.
  • the load capacity of the oil machine 20 can be improved, the capacitive load can be avoided, the output voltage resonance of the oil machine 20 occurs, and the adaptability of the capacitive load of the oil machine 20 is improved, which is favorable for The oil machine 20 having a smaller capacity is selected.
  • the AC power plant group 30 obtains energy from the battery 40 through the DC input terminal 32.
  • the oil machine 20 is turned on, and the reactive power compensation module 71 directly connected to the output of the oil machine 20 can adjust the power factor of the oil machine load to adjust the load to resistivity or weak sensitivity. After passing through the reactive power compensation module 71, the output of the oil machine 20 is connected to the ATS switching module 50 and the respective AC/DC conversion modules 60.
  • the AC input voltage of the oil machine 20 is converted to a DC output by activating the AC/DC conversion module 60.
  • the battery 40 and the AC/DC conversion module 60 are simultaneously supplied with power to the AC power device group 30 in combination.
  • the ATS switching module 50 selects the output of the oil machine 20 to be connected to the bypass input terminal 33 of the AC power device group 30, and is powered by the oil machine 20 through the ATS switching module 50.
  • the foregoing reactive power compensation module 71 may be directly added to the existing power distribution system shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. 8 and connected to the output end of the oil machine 20 to improve the oil through reactive power compensation.
  • the characteristics of the machine load facilitate the selection of a diesel generator 20 having a smaller capacity.
  • the foregoing reactive power compensation module 71 may be replaced by a harmonic compensation module or a reactive harmonic compensation module.
  • the harmonic compensation module is connected to the output of the oil machine 20 for controlling harmonics in the circuit when the oil machine 20 is in operation.
  • the reactive power compensation module has both reactive power compensation and harmonic control functions, and is connected with the output end of the oil machine 20 for controlling the harmonics in the circuit when the oil machine 20 is running, and adjusting the oil machine 20
  • the power factor of the load is such that the load on the oil machine 20 is resistive or weak.
  • Embodiment 3 the focus of Embodiment 3 to Embodiment 6 is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
  • an AC/DC conversion module 60 is added to the power supply system to maximize the capability of the oil machine 20, and to provide an AC power equipment group 30 such as a UPS system or other power equipment.
  • the battery 40 is charged.
  • the load demand power is greater than the instantaneous power of the oil machine
  • the battery 40 and the AC/DC conversion module 60 jointly supply power, and when less than or equal to, the AC/DC conversion module 60 charges the battery 40 and supplies power to the load.
  • the cooperation of the reactive power compensation module 71 and the oil machine 20 is proposed, and the characteristics of the oil load are improved by the reactive power compensation module 71, which is advantageous for selecting an oil unit having a smaller capacity.
  • the embodiment of the present application proposes an ATS switching logic.
  • the ATS connects the bypass of the AC power equipment group 30 with the grid AC signal.
  • the AC power interface 10 outputs an AC power abnormality.
  • the output of the oil machine 20 is connected to the bypass.
  • the embodiment of the present application also improves the switching logic of the power supply system, including the power grid as described above.
  • the galvanic interface 10 outputs the switching logic of the system after the abnormality of the alternating current, and the recovery logic of the system after the output of the alternating current of the grid alternating current interface 10 is normal.
  • the embodiment of the present application also improves the configuration method of the oil machine 20, and the oil machine 20 can be configured according to the actual active load demand required by the system, which is characterized in that it is not necessary to configure the oil according to the rated full load capacity of the AC power equipment group 30.
  • Machine 20 can be configured according to actual active demand.
  • This application effectively reduces the capital investment (capex) by reducing the installed capacity of the oil machine 20; since the installed capacity of the oil machine 20 is reduced, the transient output power is effectively controlled, the cable cross-sectional area can be smaller, and the entire engineering cost is reduced.
  • the capital supply is also reduced; the power supply system of the embodiment of the present application causes the oil unit to operate at the optimal operating power point, so that the fuel consumption per unit power generation is minimized, and the operating cost (opex) is reduced; and because of the oil machine 20
  • the efficiency is improved, and when the power is supplied, the carbon emission is reduced and it is more environmentally friendly.
  • the AC power source 70 can be a diesel generator set for supplying power to n loads connected to its output, such as the first load 80-1, the second load 80-2, ... to the nth load 80-n.
  • the n loads can be AC loads.
  • the capacity of the diesel generator set should be configured as a certain multiple of the rated rated load capacity, generally about 2 times.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides another power supply system embodiment and a power supply method embodiment, and the AC is configured when the input power is not increased.
  • /DC module and its monitoring module to improve the adaptability of pulse power and effective Increase the continuity of the system's power supply.
  • Embodiment 7 of the present application further provides another embodiment of a power supply system, which includes an AC/DC device, and the AC/DC device of the embodiment of the present application and the AC/DC device using the same according to FIG. 14
  • the power supply system is described in detail.
  • Embodiment 7 of the present application further provides another embodiment of the power supply system, which is in addition to the power grid input unit 101, the oil machine input unit 102, the automatic switch unit 103, and the power source shown in FIG.
  • the power supply unit 104 and the control unit 105 (all of which are not shown in the figure) further include: an AC power source 70, a plurality of loads, and at least one battery pack, wherein the AC power source 70 is specifically an oil machine, for example, may be diesel Generator set or gasoline generator set.
  • the oil machine input unit 102 outputs an alternating current signal using an oil machine.
  • the automatic switch unit 103 turns on the oil input unit 102 and the power supply unit 104, thereby supplying the AC signal output by the oil input unit 102 to the power supply unit. 104.
  • the power supply unit 104 converts the alternating current signal output by the oil input unit 102 into a direct current signal, and uses the direct current signal to supply power to the current load. Therefore, when the grid AC power output is not normal, the plurality of loads are powered by the AC power source 70.
  • the plurality of loads are as shown in FIG. 14 from the first load 80-1 to the m+n load 80-m+n.
  • the power supply unit 104 specifically includes an AC/DC device.
  • the AC/DC device of the present application includes a monitoring module (not shown) and at least one AC/DC module.
  • the at least one AC/DC module is configured corresponding to at least one of the plurality of loads of the AC/DC device and the at least one battery pack.
  • At least one of the plurality of loads is correspondingly configured with an AC/DC module.
  • the battery pack as shown in FIG. 14, the AC loader is configured with an AC/DC module and a battery pack, and these loads are referred to as a second load group, including the first load 80-1, the second load 80-2, ..., The mth load is 80-m.
  • the remaining load is called the first load group, including the m+1th load 80-m+1, the m+2 load 80-m+2, ..., the m+n load 80-m+ n.
  • each load in the second load group is correspondingly configured with an AC/DC module and a battery pack.
  • the first AC/DC module 90-1 and the first battery pack 100-1 configured for the first load 80-1, the second AC/DC module 90-2 and the second battery configured for the second load 80-2 Groups 100-2, ... are the mth AC/DC module 90-m and the mth battery pack 100-m configured for the mth battery pack 100-m.
  • the AC/DC module is configured to convert the AC power output by the AC power source 70 into DC power.
  • the load in the second load group can be controlled to be powered by the corresponding configured AC/DC module, or by the corresponding configured battery pack, or jointly by the AC/DC module and the battery pack.
  • the load in the second load group may include an uninterruptible power supply and a powered device.
  • the monitoring module is connected to each AC/DC module, detects the total output current of the AC power source 70, and controls the input power of the at least one AC/DC module according to the total output current sending command of the AC power source 70, so that the AC power source 70
  • the total output power is not higher than the preset power.
  • the preset power is a value slightly lower than the rated power of the AC power source.
  • these modules have an AC/DC conversion function, and the input power can be controlled according to the instruction of the monitoring module, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the total output power of the AC power source 70.
  • the input end of each AC/DC module is connected to an AC output of an AC power source 70, such as a diesel generator.
  • the monitoring module determines whether to send or not based on the total output current of the AC power source 70 as shown in Figure 14 at point A.
  • the command starts the AC/DC module in the second load group, and detects the total output current of the AC power source in real time after starting the AC/DC module, and based on this, controls the input power of each AC/DC module, for example, by adjusting The input current of each AC/DC module controls the current at point B in Figure 14. Since the current at point C does not change, the control of the total output power of the entire AC power source 70 can be achieved.
  • the monitoring module is connected to the AC output of the AC power source 70 for system startup.
  • the total output current of the AC power source 70 is detected, and when less than the set value, a command is sent to activate each AC/DC module.
  • each AC/DC module can be activated simultaneously, or each AC/DC module can be activated one by one. Therefore, if the total output current of the AC power source 70 is large when the system is started, that is, not lower than the set value, the respective AC/DC modules in the second load group are not activated, and the load in the second load group can be connected.
  • the battery pack is powered, and the total output current of the AC power source 70 can be controlled so as not to exceed the preset power.
  • the AC power source 70 has the ability to supply power to the load in the second load group through each AC/DC module, so each AC/DC can be activated. Module. At this point, each AC/DC module can work with the battery pack to power the load.
  • the monitoring module can control each AC/DC module to increase its input power, so that the total output current of the AC power source 70 is gradually increased to avoid a sudden increase in the total output power of the AC power source 70. More than the preset power.
  • the /DC module gradually reduces its input power to reduce the total output current of the AC power source 70.
  • the control process must comply with the requirement that the total output power of the AC power source 70 is not higher than the set value.
  • the control process also needs to comply with another control condition, that is, after the input power of each AC/DC module is increased, in addition to meeting the requirements of the connected load, the charging current multiplying requirement of the battery pack connected thereto must be met. That is, it cannot be greater than the preset charging current magnification of the battery pack.
  • the monitoring module can reduce the total output current of the AC power source 70 by randomly reducing the input power of one or more of the AC/DC modules in each of the AC/DC modules.
  • the monitoring module can also reduce the total output current of the AC power source 70 by reducing the input power of each AC/DC module on average.
  • the battery pack can be combined to power the load.
  • the charge and discharge state of the battery pack can be controlled according to actual conditions.
  • the monitoring module of the user can maintain the principle of balance when adjusting the input power of each AC/DC module.
  • the monitoring module can collect the output current state of each AC/DC module and the input current state of the load connected thereto.
  • the output current of the AC/DC module is preferentially guaranteed to be greater than or equal to the load. Input current to ensure that the battery is not over-discharged.
  • the battery pack power supply should not be started as much as possible by balancing the input power of each AC/DC module. Moreover, if the preset power of the AC power source 70 can not only meet the requirements of all loads, but also has excess power, the AC/DC module can charge the battery pack connected thereto. If the preset power of the AC power source 70 cannot meet the requirements of all the loads, the monitoring module controls the AC/DC module to start the connected battery pack to jointly supply power.
  • the monitoring module of the present application can also confirm how to adjust the input power of the AC/DC module connected to the battery pack according to the remaining power of each battery pack. After each AC/DC module is started, detecting the remaining power of each battery pack, sorting them from low to high, selecting one or more battery packs with the lowest remaining power, and increasing the AC connected to the one or more battery packs. Input power of the /DC module. For example, one battery pack with the lowest remaining power can be selected. If the remaining power of the first battery pack 100-1 is detected to be the lowest by the first AC/DC module 90-1, the monitoring module can control the first AC/DC module 90-1. The input current is increased to ensure safe and reliable operation of the first load 80-1.
  • two battery packs with the lowest remaining power can be selected to increase the input power of the AC/DC modules connected to the two battery packs.
  • the application allocates the input power of each AC/DC module reasonably, ensures the maximum utilization of the battery in the entire power distribution system, and realizes the efficient use of the AC power source 70 such as a diesel generator. At the same time, reliable power supply is guaranteed.
  • the monitoring module can also allocate the input power according to the priority of the load connected to each of the AC/DC modules. That is to say, the system can also set the importance of each DC load, and can ensure the continuous power supply of important loads first. For the lower priority load, it can be controlled when the total output power of the AC power is equal to or close to the rated value.
  • the AC/DC module connected to the lower priority load reduces the input power and ensures the power supply of the AC/DC module with the higher priority load connection.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of an AC/DC module in an AC/DC device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • the AC/DC module 90 in this embodiment includes at least an AC/DC conversion unit 91 and a power calculation unit 92.
  • the AC/DC conversion unit 91 is configured to convert the AC power output from the AC power source 70 into DC power.
  • the power calculation unit 92 is configured to detect the remaining power of the battery pack connected thereto and send it to the monitoring module.
  • the AC/DC module 90 may further include a charging control unit 93 for performing charge and discharge control of the battery pack connected thereto.
  • the AC/DC module 90 may further include a battery life calculation unit for calculating the battery life of the battery pack connected thereto and transmitting the battery life to the monitoring module.
  • the AC/DC module 90 can also have the following features:
  • Embodiment 8 of the present application also provides another embodiment of the power supply method.
  • This method is applied to a power supply system.
  • the power supply system includes an AC power source 70, a plurality of loads powered by an AC power source 70, at least one battery pack, and at least one AC/DC module.
  • the AC power source 70 is specifically an oil machine, and may be, for example, a diesel generator set or a gasoline generator set.
  • the power supply system may be the power supply system shown in Embodiment 7, and at this time, when the power output of the power grid of the power grid is abnormal, the plurality of loads are powered by the AC power source 70; when the power grid interface of the power grid is output When the alternating current is abnormal, the power supply unit 104 specifically includes an AC/DC device.
  • the plurality of loads are as shown in FIG. 14 from the first load 80-1 to the m+n load 80-m+n. At least one of the plurality of loads is correspondingly configured with an AC/DC module and a battery pack, wherein the AC/DC module is configured to convert the AC power output by the AC power source 70 into DC power to supply power to the connected load.
  • the load can also be powered separately by the battery pack or by the AC/DC module and the battery pack.
  • the power supply method of the present application includes a control method in addition to the power supply method provided in Embodiment 2, the control method including the steps of: detecting a total output current of the AC power source 70, and transmitting an instruction control according to the total output current of the AC power source 70.
  • the input power of each AC/DC module is such that the total output power of the AC power source is not higher than the preset power.
  • the preset power is a value slightly lower than the rated power of the AC power source.
  • the system can detect the total output current of the AC power source as shown in Figure 14 at point A, and determine whether to send an instruction to start the AC/DC module in the second load group based on the AC/DC module.
  • the products of the AC/DC device in this application can be used in a variety of packages and forms of use.
  • the monitoring module can be built in each AC/DC module, and communicate with each other to achieve overall control during use.
  • the monitoring module can also control all AC/DC modules independently of the AC/DC module as the overall monitoring module of the power distribution system.
  • FIG. 16 is a specific flowchart of a control method according to a preferred embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 16, the control method provided by this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:
  • step S1601 the system is started.
  • step S1602 the total output current of the alternating current power source 70 is detected.
  • step S1603 it is determined whether the total output current of the AC power source 70 is less than the set value, if yes, go to step S1604; otherwise, go to step S1602 to continue detecting and determine whether the total output current of the AC power source 70 is less than the set value.
  • step S1604 an instruction is sent to activate each AC/DC module; in a preferred embodiment of the present application, each AC/DC module may be activated simultaneously, or each AC/DC module may be activated one by one. Therefore, if the total output current of the AC power source 70 is large when the system is started, that is, not lower than the set value, the respective AC/DC modules in the second load group are not activated, and the load in the second load group can be connected. The battery pack is powered, and the total output current of the AC power source 70 can be controlled so as not to exceed the preset power.
  • the AC power source 70 has the ability to supply power to the load in the second load group through each AC/DC module, so each AC/DC can be activated. Module. At this time, each AC/DC module can supply power to the load connected to it separately, or it can also supply power to the load together with the battery pack.
  • step S1605 after each instruction is started to activate each AC/DC module, each AC/DC module is controlled to gradually increase the total output current of the AC power source to prevent the total output power of the AC power source 70 from suddenly increasing beyond the preset. power.
  • This step also needs to meet another control condition when increasing the total output current of the AC power supply.
  • the charging current multiplying requirement that is, cannot be greater than the preset charging current multiplying factor of the battery pack.
  • step S1606 it is detected whether the total output current of the AC power source is less than the set value, if yes, the process proceeds to step S1605 to send a command to each AC/DC module to gradually increase its input power, so that the total output current of the AC power source is increased; Otherwise, go to step S1607.
  • the system can reduce the total output current of the AC power source 70 by randomly reducing the input power of one or more of the AC/DC modules in each of the AC/DC modules.
  • the system can also reduce the total output current of the AC power source 70 by reducing the input power of each AC/DC module on average.
  • the system can control its associated battery pack to power the load together. At this time, the charge and discharge state of the battery pack can be controlled according to actual conditions.
  • the principle of equalization can be maintained when adjusting the input power of each AC/DC module.
  • the output current state of each AC/DC module and the input current state of the load connected thereto can be collected, and when the input power of each AC/DC module is controlled, the output current of the AC/DC module is preferentially ensured to be greater than or equal to The input current of the load ensures that the battery is not over-discharged.
  • the battery pack power supply should not be started as much as possible by balancing the input power of each AC/DC module. Moreover, if the preset power of the AC power source 70 can not only meet the requirements of all loads, but also has excess power, the AC/DC module can charge the battery pack connected thereto. If the preset power of the AC power source 70 cannot meet the requirements of all the loads, the system controls the AC/DC module to start the connected battery pack to jointly supply power.
  • step S1607 an instruction is sent to each of the AC/DC modules to gradually reduce its input power, so that the total output current of the AC power source is decreased, and the detection is performed again in step S1606. This process can end when the system is stopped.
  • the control method of the present application can also confirm how to adjust the input of the AC/DC module connected to the battery pack according to the remaining power of each battery pack. power. After each AC/DC module is started, detecting the remaining power of each battery pack, sorting them from low to high, selecting one or more battery packs with the lowest remaining power, and increasing the AC connected to the one or more battery packs. Input power of the /DC module. For example, one battery pack with the lowest remaining power can be selected. If the remaining power of the first battery pack 100-1 is detected to be the lowest by the first AC/DC module 90-1, the monitoring module can control the first AC/DC module 90-1.
  • the input current is increased to ensure safe and reliable operation of the first load 80-1.
  • two battery packs with the lowest remaining power can be selected to increase the input power of the AC/DC modules connected to the two battery packs.
  • each AC/DC is reasonably allocated through centralized scheduling.
  • the input power of the module ensures the maximum utilization of the battery in the entire power distribution system, achieving efficient use of the AC power source 70 such as a diesel generator, and ensuring reliable power supply.
  • the control method of the present application may also allocate input power according to the priority of the load connected to each of the AC/DC modules in the AC/DC modules after the AC/DC module is activated by sending an instruction. That is to say, the system can also set the importance of each DC load, and can preferentially ensure the continuous power supply of important loads. For the lower priority load, the control and priority can be given when the total output power of the AC power is equal to or close to the rated value.
  • a lower-level load-connected AC/DC module reduces input power and ensures power to the AC/DC module with a higher priority load connection.
  • the genset 110 may be a diesel generator set for supplying power to n loads connected to its output, such as the first load 120-1, the second load 120-2, ... to the nth load 120-n.
  • the n loads can be AC loads.
  • the capacity of the genset 110 should be configured to be a certain multiple of the rated total capacity of the load.
  • the utility model relates to the defect that the power generation capacity of the existing power distribution system is large, resulting in waste of resources, the present application Embodiments also provide another power system embodiment.
  • Embodiment 9 of the present application further provides another embodiment of a power supply system, where the power supply system is specifically a flexible power supply system.
  • the flexible power supply system is in addition to the power grid input unit 101, the oil machine input unit 102, the automatic changeover switch unit 103, the power supply unit 104, and the control unit 105 (the above units are not shown in the figure).
  • the control unit 105 the above units are not shown in the figure.
  • it also includes:
  • the generator set 110 is specifically an oil machine, and may be, for example, a diesel generator set or a gasoline generator set.
  • the oil machine input unit 102 outputs an alternating current signal using an oil machine.
  • the plurality of loads are powered by the genset 110 when the grid AC interface output AC is not normal.
  • the plurality of loads are as shown in FIG. 18 from the first load 120-1 to the m+n load 120-m+n.
  • the application divides the plurality of loads into a first load group and a second load group.
  • the number of loads of the first load group is n, including the m+1th load 120-m+1, the m+2
  • the load of the second load group is m, including the first load 120-1, the second load 120-2, ...,
  • the mth load is 120-m.
  • the flexible power supply system of the present application further includes an AC/DC module and an energy storage module correspondingly configured for each load in the second load group.
  • the energy storage module 140-2, . . . is the mth AC/DC module 130-m and the mth energy storage module 140-m configured for the mth energy storage module 140-m.
  • the AC/DC module is used to convert the alternating current output from the genset 110 into direct current. These AC/DC modules are activated according to preset conditions after the genset 110 is started.
  • the flexible power supply system of the present application further includes a control module (not shown) for detecting the total output power of the genset during operation of the system.
  • a control module (not shown) for detecting the total output power of the genset during operation of the system.
  • the control The AC/DC module and the energy storage module in the second load group jointly supply power to the corresponding load to control the total output power of the generator set to be no higher than the rated power.
  • the control module further increases the input power of the second load group when the total output power of the genset 110 is lower than the preset power, and controls the AC/DC module to store energy for the energy storage module while supplying power to the corresponding load.
  • the control module should also ensure that the total output power of the genset 110 is not higher than the rated power.
  • the aforementioned preset power may be set to 70%-100% of the rated power of the genset 110.
  • the flexible power supply system of the embodiment has the following beneficial effects: the embodiment converts the load into a flexible load by configuring the AC/DC module and the energy storage module for the second load group, and controls the power generation by adjusting the input power of the flexible load.
  • the total output power of the unit is balanced, thus achieving a low-capacity configuration of the generator set and improving the utilization of the generator set.
  • the control module can determine the output power of the genset 110 by detecting the total output current of the genset 110.
  • the total output current of the output terminal of the genset 110 that is, point A
  • the total input current of the first load group that is, the point C current
  • the total input current of the second load group that is, the point B current
  • the control module When the control module detects that the total output current I_A of the genset 110 reaches the preset current, it can be determined that the output power of the genset 110 reaches the preset power. At this time, the control module can send a signal to each energy storage module to switch to a discharge state, such as the first energy storage module 140-1 to the m energy storage module 140-m. Supply power to the connected load. Since the energy storage modules and the AC/DC modules jointly supply power to the respective loads at this time, the control module can reduce the total input current I_B of the second load group by controlling each AC/DC module, thereby reducing the total output current of the genset 110. The purpose of I_A is to make the total output power of the genset 110 not higher than the rated power.
  • the control module determines that the output power of the genset 110 is lower than the preset power when detecting that the total output current I_A is less than the preset current.
  • the control module can send a signal to each energy storage module to switch to a charging state, and increase the total input current I_B of the second load group by controlling each AC/DC module, so that each AC/DC module supplies power to the respective load.
  • the first AC/DC module 130-1 charges the first energy storage module 140-1 while supplying power to the first load 120-1.
  • the control module should also ensure that the total output current I_A of the genset 110 is not higher than the aforementioned preset current so that the total output power is not higher than the rated power.
  • one or more sets of AC/DC modules and the energy storage modules in the second load group may be combined as needed according to requirements.
  • one or more sets of AC/DC modules may also be adjusted as needed to store energy for the energy storage module while supplying power to the corresponding load.
  • the present application provides a flexible power supply system that converts a part of a common load into a flexible load.
  • the first load group is a normal rigid load, that is, a load whose input power is not adjustable; and the second load group is converted into a flexible load by configuring the AC/DC module and the energy storage module.
  • the flexible load is a load that can adjust the magnitude of the input current.
  • the energy load module can compensate the energy difference inside the flexible load.
  • the input energy can be full
  • energy supplementation is performed on the energy storage module.
  • the flexible load that is, the power input in the second load group
  • the flexible load can be immediately reduced to maintain the total output current, so that the total input of the first load group and the second load group
  • the power does not exceed the rated power of the genset 110.
  • the flexible load is maintained by its own energy storage module.
  • the energy storage module replenishes energy.
  • the effect of “shaving the peak and filling the valley” is effectively achieved, thereby realizing the low-capacity configuration of the genset 110 and improving the utilization rate of the genset 110.
  • the load in the first load group is an air conditioner
  • the operating power of the compressor is different because the temperature of the air conditioner is different or the temperature field changes, and the difference can be more than 20%. If the input power of the flexible load is lowered by 20% when the maximum power of the air conditioner is running, the total output power of the genset 110 can be kept constant, and the rated power configuration of the genset 110 can be reduced. It is worth reminding that when configuring the generator set 110, it is necessary to consider that the output power capability of the genset 110 is slightly larger than the average power of the system, and the energy conservation is maintained.
  • the energy storage module of the flexible power supply system is a battery.
  • the energy storage module can also be other devices capable of storing energy and releasing energy.
  • the load in the second load group may be an AC/DC dual power supply device.
  • the AC/DC dual power supply device can be powered by any AC and DC dual power input.
  • FIG. 19 is a partial block diagram of a flexible power supply system according to Embodiment 10 of the present application.
  • the energy storage module connected to the AC/DC module is a battery, such as the first battery 141-1, the second battery 141-2, ..., the mth battery 141-m in FIG.
  • the load in the second load group is an AC/DC dual power supply device, such as the first AC/DC dual power supply device 121-1, the second AC/DC dual power supply device 121-2, ..., the mth AC/DC Dual power supply Prepared 121-m.
  • FIG. 20 is a partial block diagram of a flexible power supply system according to Embodiment 11 of the present application.
  • the load in the second load group is an uninterruptible power supply and a rigid electrical device connected thereto.
  • the uninterruptible power supply connected to the battery in Fig. 20 is a first uninterruptible power supply 122-1, a second uninterruptible power supply 122-2, ..., and an mth uninterruptible power supply 122-m, respectively.
  • the uninterruptible power supply is connected to the corresponding rigid electrical equipment, such as the first rigid electrical device 123-1, the second rigid electrical device 123-2, ..., the mth rigid electrical device 123-m.
  • the rigid electrical equipment means that the input power is rigid and is not adjustable.
  • the rigid electrical equipment can be used for various AC and DC loads without energy storage, such as IT critical equipment such as servers in the data room.
  • the uninterruptible power supply generally has a main input, a bypass input, and a DC input.
  • the main input can be a three phase, two phase or single phase system.
  • the bypass input can also be a three phase, two phase or single phase system. Power is supplied preferentially from the main input.
  • the uninterruptible power supply is powered by the DC input terminal, and the bypass input terminal is used as the backup power source when both the main input terminal and the DC input terminal are powered down or abnormal.
  • the DC input of the uninterruptible power supply can be connected to the AC/DC module to provide DC power.
  • FIG. 21 is a partial block diagram of a flexible power supply system according to Embodiment 12 of the present application.
  • the bypass input of the uninterruptible power supply is coupled to the output of the genset 110 via a first switch K1.
  • the bypass input terminals of the first uninterruptible power supply 122-1 through the mth uninterruptible power supply 122-m are all connected to the output of the genset 110 through the first switch K1.
  • the first uninterruptible power supply 122-1 through the mth uninterruptible power supply 122-m may be connected to the corresponding AC/DC module through the main input or through the DC input.
  • the genset 110 can be connected to the bypass.
  • the ingress is used as a backup power source.
  • the first switch K1 may be a single-phase switch, a two-phase switch or a three-phase switch.
  • FIG. 22 is a partial block diagram of a flexible power supply system according to Embodiment 13 of the present application.
  • a mains network 150 is also included, the main input of the uninterruptible power supply being coupled to the output of the mains network 150 via the second switch K2.
  • the grid input unit 101 provides an interface for connecting an AC signal of the grid, that is, it is equivalent to connecting to the utility network.
  • the main input of the uninterruptible power supply is actually coupled to the interface of the grid alternating current signal via a second switch K2.
  • the main input terminals of the first uninterruptible power supply 122-1 to the mth uninterruptible power supply 122-m are connected to the output of the commercial power network 150 through the second switch K2.
  • the first uninterruptible power supply 122-1 to the mth uninterruptible power supply 122-m may be connected to the corresponding AC/DC module through a DC input terminal or a bypass input terminal. Therefore, when the mains network 150 is abnormal, that is, the grid AC interface output AC is abnormal, the generator set 110 can be started, and the generator set 110 is connected to the DC input terminal through the AC/DC module for power supply.
  • the total power of the genset 110 is then maintained at a certain level by controlling the input power of the second load group to ensure efficient utilization and low capacity configuration of the genset 110.
  • the second switch K2 may be a single-phase switch, a two-phase switch or a three-phase switch.
  • FIG. 23 is a partial block diagram of a flexible power supply system according to Embodiment 14 of the present application.
  • the main input of the uninterruptible power supply is coupled to the output of the mains network 150 via the second switch K1
  • the DC input of the uninterruptible power supply is connected to the respective AC/DC module
  • the bypass input of the interrupted power supply is coupled to the output of the genset 110 via a first switch K1. Therefore, when the utility network 150 is abnormal, the genset 110 can be started and the genset 110 can be powered by the AC/DC module connected to the DC input. When the AC/DC module outputs an abnormal or DC input When the inverter module inside the terminal is abnormal, the generator set 110 can be directly connected to the bypass input terminal as a backup power source.
  • FIG. 24 is a partial block diagram of a flexible power supply system according to Embodiment 15 of the present application.
  • the battery is coupled to a corresponding AC/DC module for charging and discharging.
  • FIG. 25 is a partial block diagram of a flexible power supply system according to Embodiment 16 of the present application.
  • the battery is coupled to the output bus of the corresponding AC/DC module for charging and discharging.
  • FIG. 26 which is a partial block diagram of a flexible power supply system according to Embodiment 17 of the present application.
  • the battery is coupled to the AC/DC module for charging and discharging, and the battery can also be coupled to the uninterruptible power supply for charging and discharging.
  • the present application can control the charge and discharge mode of the battery by controlling the input current of the AC/DC module and the input current of the load connected thereto. When the input current of the input current load of the AC/DC module, the battery enters the charging mode, and when the input current of the AC/DC module is less than the input current of the load, the battery enters the discharging mode.
  • the power supply system provided by the embodiments of the present application can be implemented by a computer program.
  • Those skilled in the art should be able to understand that the foregoing module division manner is only one of a plurality of module division manners. If the power module has the above functions, it should be within the protection scope of the present application. Inside.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.

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Abstract

一种供电系统和方法，包括：电网输入单元（101）和油机输入单元（102），分别用于向电源供电单元（104）提供交流电；自动切换开关单元（103），连接电网输入单元和电源供电单元，或者连接油机输入单元和电源供电单元；电源供电单元，用于将接收的交流电变换为直流电；控制单元（105），监测当前负载电流和当前油机功率；根据当前油机功率和当前负载功率之间的大小关系，以及当前负载的优先级等级，确定关闭预设数量的供电负载。该供电系统和方法延长供电时间、提高供电可靠性。

Description

一种供电系统和方法
本申请要求于2014年9月1日提交中国专利局、申请号为201410441242.4、发明名称为“一种供电系统和方法”的中国专利申请、于2014年9月28日提交中国专利局、申请号为201410506106.9、发明名称为“一种AC/DC装置、配电系统及其控制方法”的中国专利申请、于2014年9月28日提交中国专利局、申请号为201410506108.8、发明名称为“一种配电系统”的中国专利申请、以及于2014年9月28日提交中国专利局、申请号为201410506085.0、发明名称为“一种柔性配电系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及供电技术领域，尤其涉及一种供电系统和方法。
背景技术
随着大数据时代的来临，数据中心(各种大型服务器等)的电量需求越来越大，需要为数据中心提供充足的电能，并且为了应付电网突然断电的情况，也要备用充足的电能，使得即使在电网不能正常供电的情况下，数据中心使用备用电能也能够正常工作。在数据中心供电系统中，使用电池、油机来储备电能。在数据中心供电系统投资建设时，一般将电源系统投资放在首位，对电池、油机的选型和配置关注度不高。由于电池、油机的投资较大，如果供电系统备电不足而进行二次投资，将会使得供电系统成本提高。
数据中心供电系统在使用电网正常供电时，电网通过自动切换开关为电源供电单元提供交流电，由电源供电单元将交流电转换为直流电，给后级电池充 电，并为待供电负载供电。当电网停电时，自动切换开关进行开关切换将电网输入与电源供电单元断开，将油机与电源供电单元连接，由油机通过自动切换开关为电源供电单元提供交流电，电源供电单元将交流电转换为直流电，为待供电负载供电。
上述现有的为数据中心供电的方式，由于使用油机和电池备电为待供电负载供电时，一般电池如果经过大电流放电几十次以上就不能再继续使用了，电池寿命短，导致整体供电时间短，从而使得供电的可靠性差。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种供电系统和方法，用以解决现有技术中存在的对负载进行供电时供电时间短、供电可靠性差的问题。
本申请实施例提供一种供电系统，其特征在于，包括：电网输入单元、油机输入单元、自动切换开关单元、电源供电单元、控制单元，其中：
所述电网输入单元，用于提供连接电网交流电信号的接口，且与所述自动切换控制单元连接；
所述油机输入单元，与所述自动切换控制单元连接，用于使用油机输出交流电信号；
所述自动切换开关单元，与所述控制单元和所述电源供电单元相连，用于按照所述控制单元的指示，当所述电网交流电接口输出交流电正常时，将所述电网输入单元和所述电源供电单元接通，将来自电网交流电信号输入给所述电源供电单元；当所述电网交流电接口输出交流电不正常时，断开所述电网输入单元和所述电源供电单元之间的连接，将所述油机输入单元和所述电源供电单 元接通，将所述油机输入单元输出的交流电信号提供给所述电源供电单元；
所述电源供电单元，用于将接收的交流电信号变换为直流电信号，使用所述直流电信号为当前负载供电；
所述控制单元，用于监测所述电网交流电输出接口的状态，当监测到所述电网交流电接口输出交流电时，向所述自动切换开关单元发送第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示所述自动切换开关单元接通所述电网输入单元和所述电源供电单元，当监测到所述电网交流电接口未输出交流电时，向所述自动切换开关单元发送第二指示，所述第二指示用于指示所述自动切换开关单元断开所述电网输入单元和所述电源供电单元之间的连接，将所述油机输入单元和所述电源供电单元接通；监测当前负载电流、电压和当前油机功率；根据当前油机功率和当前负载功率之间的大小关系，以及当前负载的优先级等级，确定关闭预设数量的当前负载。
采用本申请实施例提供的系统，由于通过控制单元根据当前油机功率和当前负载功率之间的关系，并根据负载的优先级等级控制当前负载的数量，能够延长供电时间，避免供电时间不足导致的电源断电的情况，从而提高了供电的可靠性。
进一步的，上述系统，还包括：电池组单元，其中：
所述电源供电单元，还用于将所述直流电信号提供给所述电池组单元；
所述控制单元，还用于指示所述电源供电单元控制电池组为当前负载供电；
所述电池组单元，用于在电源供电单元控制下为当前负载供电。
这样，通过电池组也可以为负载进行备电，可以进一步延长供电时间。
进一步的，所述电源供电单元，包括：整流模块和DC/DC模块，其中：
所述整流模块，用于将接收的交流电信号变换为直流电信号；将直流电信号输出给所述DC/DC模块；
所述DC/DC模块，用于对所述整流模块输入的直流电信号进行高频隔离并调整输出电压值输出给所述电池组单元和当前负载。
进一步的，所述控制单元，还用于检测所述电池组的电流；当检测到的所述电池组电流不大于预设电流值时，指示所述DC/DC模块为所述电池组进行高频负脉冲放电。
这样，通过对电池组进行高频负脉冲放电，能够减弱电池的硫化现象，延长电池组的寿命，因此可以使用小延时电池实现长时间备电的目的。
进一步的，所述DC/DC模块，具体用于在接收到所述控制单元发送的为所述电池组进行高频负脉冲放电的指示后，控制与所述电池组并联的开关电路对电池组进行高频负脉冲放电。
进一步的，所述控制单元，具体用于当所述当前油机功率大于当前负载功率时，禁止关闭当前负载，指示所述电源供电单元为所述电池组单元和所述当前负载供电；当所述当前油机功率不大于当前负载功率时，按照所述当前负载优先级从低到高的顺序，从优先级低的负载开始，关闭第一数量的当前负载；在优先级等级小于预设等级的负载全部关闭后，当所述当前油机功率不大于当前负载功率时，指示所述DC/DC模块控制电池组为当前负载供电。
这样，通过预先设置各负载的优先级等级，控制单元完成对负载进行智能化管理，可以利用油机功率更加有效的为优先级高的负载延长供电时间。
进一步的，所述自动切换开关单元为多个单刀双掷开关。
本申请实施例还提供了一种供电方法，包括：
当油机启动进行供电时，将油机提供的交流电变换为直流电；
监测当前负载电流和当前油机功率；
当所述当前油机功率大于当前负载功率时，使用所述直流电为电池组和当前负载供电；
当所述当前油机功率不大于当前负载功率时，按照所述当前负载优先级从低到高的顺序，从优先级低的待供电负载开始，关闭第一数量的供电负载；
在优先级等级小于预设等级的供电负载全部关闭后，当所述当前油机功率不大于当前负载功率时，控制电池组为当前负载供电。
采用本申请实施例提供的方法，由于根据当前油机功率和当前负载功率之间的关系，并根据负载的优先级等级控制当前负载的数量，能够延长供电时间，避免供电时间不足导致的电源断电的情况，从而提高了供电的可靠性。
进一步的，在油机启动进行供电之前，还包括：
监测电网输入单元的工作状态；
确定所述电网输入单元停止供电。
进一步的，上述方法，还包括：
检测所述电池组的电流；
当检测到的所述电池组电流不大于预设电流值时，控制所述电池组进行负脉冲放电。
这样，通过对电池组进行负脉冲放电，能够减弱电池的硫化现象，延长电池组的寿命，因此可以使用小延时电池实现长时间备电的目的。
本申请的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述，并且，部分地从说明 书中变得显而易见，或者通过实施本申请而了解。本申请的目的和其他优点可通过在所写的说明书、权利要求书、以及附图中所特别指出的结构来实现和获得。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本申请实施例一起用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的限制。在附图中：
图1为本申请实施例提供的供电系统的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的供电系统中电源供电单元的结构示意图
图3为本申请实施例1提供的供电系统的结构示意图之一；
图4为本申请实施例1提供的供电系统的结构示意图之二；
图5为本申请实施例1提供的供电系统的结构示意图之三；
图6为本申请实施例2提供的供电方法的流程图；
图7为现有的典型配电系统的第一实施例的原理框图；
图8为现有的典型配电系统的第二实施例的原理框图；
图9为本申请实施例3提供的供电系统的部分结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例4提供的供电系统的部分结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例5提供的供电系统的部分结构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例6提供的供电系统的部分结构示意图；
图13为目前配电系统如机房配电系统中交流电源与负载的连接图；
图14为本申请实施例7提供的供电系统的优选实施例的部分模块框图；
图15为根据本申请优选实施例的AC/DC装置中AC/DC模块的示意图；
图16为根据本申请优选实施例的控制方法的具体流程图；
图17为目前机房配电系统中发电机组与负载的连接图；
图18为本申请实施例9提供的柔性供电系统的部分模块框图；
图19为本申请实施例10提供的柔性供电系统的部分模块框图；
图20为本申请实施例11提供的柔性供电系统的部分模块框图；
图21为本申请实施例12提供的柔性供电系统的部分模块框图；
图22为本申请实施例13提供的柔性供电系统的部分模块框图；
图23为本申请实施例14提供的柔性供电系统的部分模块框图；
图24为本申请实施例15提供的柔性供电系统的部分模块框图；
图25为本申请实施例16提供的柔性供电系统的部分模块框图；
图26为本申请实施例17提供的柔性供电系统的部分模块框图。
具体实施方式
为了给出延长供电时间、提高供电可靠性的实现方案，本申请实施例提供了一种供电系统和方法，以下结合说明书附图对本申请的优选实施例进行说明，应当理解，此处所描述的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。并且在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
本申请实施例提供一种供电系统，如图1所示，包括：电网输入单元101、油机输入单元102、自动切换开关单元103、电源供电单元104和控制单元105，其中：
所述电网输入单元101，用于提供连接电网交流电信号的接口，且与所述自动切换控制单元连接；
所述油机输入单元102，与所述自动切换控制单元连接，用于使用油机输 出交流电信号；
所述自动切换开关单元103，用于与所述控制单元和所述电源供电单元相连，用于按照所述控制单元的指示，当所述电网交流电接口输出交流电正常时，将所述电网输入单元和所述电源供电单元接通，将来自电网交流电信号输入给所述电源供电单元；当所述电网交流电接口输出交流电不正常时，断开所述电网输入单元和所述电源供电单元之间的连接，将所述油机输入单元和所述电源供电单元接通，将所述油机输入单元输出的交流电信号提供给所述电源供电单元；
所述电源供电单元104，用于将接收的交流电信号变换为直流电信号，使用所述直流电信号为当前负载供电；
所述控制单元105，用于监测所述电网交流电输出接口的状态，当监测到所述电网交流电接口输出交流电时，向所述自动切换开关单元发送第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示所述自动切换开关单元接通所述电网输入单元和所述电源供电单元，当监测到所述电网交流电接口未输出交流电时，向所述自动切换开关单元发送第二指示，所述第二指示用于指示所述自动切换开关单元断开所述电网输入单元和所述电源供电单元之间的连接，将所述油机输入单元和所述电源供电单元接通；监测当前负载电流、电压和当前油机功率；根据当前油机功率和当前负载功率之间的大小关系，以及当前负载的优先级等级，确定关闭预设数量的当前负载。
本申请实施例提供的上述系统中，控制单元可以监测电网交流电输出接口的状态，并根据电网交流电接口是否正常输出交流电信号，控制该自动切换开关单元与该电网输入单元连接或与油机输入单元连接，在正常情况下由电网交 流电接口输出交流电信号为负载供电，电网停电时，由油机输入单元为负载供电。
进一步的，上述系统，还包括：电池组单元106，其中：
所述电源供电单元104，还用于将所述直流电信号提供给所述电池组单元；
所述控制单元105，还用于指示所述电源供电单元控制电池组为当前负载供电；
所述电池组单元106，用于在电源供电单元控制下为当前负载供电。
进一步的，所述电源供电单元104，如图2所示，包括：整流模块201和DC/DC模块202，其中：
所述整流模块201，用于将接收的交流电信号变换为直流电信号；将直流电信号输出给所述DC/DC模块；
所述DC/DC模块202，用于对所述整流模块输入的直流电信号进行高频隔离并调整输出电压值输出给所述电池组单元和当前负载。
进一步的，所述控制单元105，还用于检测所述电池组的电流；当检测到的所述电池组电流不大于预设电流值时，指示所述DC/DC模块为所述电池组进行高频负脉冲放电。
进一步的，所述DC/DC模块202，具体用于在接收到所述控制单元发送的为所述电池组进行负脉冲放电的指示后，控制与所述电池组并联的开关电路对电池组进行高频负脉冲放电。
进一步的，所述控制单元105，具体用于当所述当前油机功率大于当前负载功率时，禁止关闭当前负载，指示所述电源供电单元为所述电池组单元和所 述当前负载供电；当所述当前油机功率不大于当前负载功率时，按照所述当前负载优先级从低到高的顺序，从优先级低的负载开始，关闭第一数量的当前负载；在优先级等级小于预设等级的负载全部关闭后，当所述当前油机功率不大于当前负载功率时，指示所述DC/DC模块控制电池组为当前负载供电。
进一步的，所述自动切换开关单元为多个单刀双掷开关。
下面结合附图，用具体实施例对本申请提供的系统和方法进行详细描述。
实施例1：
本申请实施例1提供了一种供电系统，其结构示意图如图3所示，包括：电网输入单元301、油机输入单元302、自动切换开关单元303、电源供电单元304、控制单元305和电池组单元306，供电系统可以在两种工作模式下供电：电网供电模式和油机供电模式，具体工作原理如下：
电网输入单元301提供连接电网交流电信号的接口，使用该接口可以实现电网交流电信号的输入。该接口可以提供三相交流电，包括三个相位输入接口a1、b1、c1，且a1、b1、c1分别与自动切换开关单元303的三个单刀双掷开关的第一触点p1连接。
油机输入单元302使用油机进行供电，其中的三相电源的三个相位输出点a2、b2、c2分别与自动切换开关单元303的三个单刀双掷开关的第二触点p2连接。
电网输入单元301和油机输入单元302通过自动切换开关单元303提供三相交流电信号给电源供电单元304。电源供电单元304包括整流模块3041和DC/DC模块3042，电网输入单元301或者油机输入单元302通过自动切换开关单元303提供三相交流电信号给整流模块3041，整流模块3041将三相交流 电信号变换为直流母线电压输出给DC/DC模块3042，DC/DC模块3042将直流母线电压通过高频隔离变换为高精度的直流电压。
控制单元305监测电网输入单元301的电网交流电接口的交流电信号状态，具体可以通过检测第一触点p1的电压确定电网交流电接口的交流电信号是否正常。当监测到p1的电压正常时，电网交流电接口输出的交流电信号正常，控制单元305向自动切换开关单元303发送第一指示，指示自动切换开关单元303的单刀与第一触点p1连接，接通电网输入单元301和电源供电单元304，此时由电网为后级设备供电。
控制单元305可以通过电流检测器件RS1和RS2确定流过电池组的电流，控制单元305可以检测到RS1和RS2两端的电压，根据RS1和RS2的电阻值，可以确定流过RS1和RS2的电流值，流过RS1的电流为流过电池组和负载的总电流值，流过RS2的电流为负载的电流值，(RS1-RS2)为流过电池组的电流。电池组的作用也是为了储备电能，为负载供电，如果电池组为负载供电时经过多次大电流放电，将使得电池出现硫化现象，导致电池寿命缩短，因此需要对电池组进行负脉冲放电修复。当控制单元305检测到电池组的电流不大于预设电流值时，控制单元305向DC/DC模块3042发送对电池组进行高频负脉冲放电的指示，当DC/DC模块3042接收到该指示后，控制与电池组并联的开关电路对电池组进行高频负脉冲放电。该预设电流值可以设置为电池组额定电流的预设百分比值，例如，可以设置该预设电流值为电池组额定电流的30％。对电池组进行负脉冲放电修复能减弱电池的硫化，延长电池组的寿命。通过控制单元对电池组的充放电控制，由于延长了电池组寿命，可以使用小延时电池实现长时间备电的目的。
控制单元305监测到第一触点p1的电压为零时，电网交流电接口输出的交流电信号异常，电网断电，控制单元305向自动切换开关单元303发送第二指示，指示自动切换开关单元303的单刀与第二触点p2连接，接通油机输入单元302和电源供电单元304，此时由油机输入单元301为后级设备供电。
电网输入单元301或者油机输入单元302提供的交流电信号经过整流模块3041后由交流电信号变换为直流电信号，整流模块3041将直流电信号输出给DC/DC模块3042，DC/DC模块3042对整流模块输入的直流电信号进行高频隔离并调整输出电压值，可以为电池组单元306中的电池组充电，并为负载供电。
在使用油机进行供电时，备电时间很大程度上由油机的柴油或者汽油的量决定，根据油机的输出功率对优先级高的负载供电，能够实现采用小容量油机为负载提供最大备电时间。具体的，控制单元305通过RS2两端的电压值为当前负载的电压值，以及计算得到的RS2的电流，可以得到当前负载功率为RS2两端的电压值与电流值的乘积；控制单元305可以通过检测到的油机的输出电压与油机的总的输出电流即RS1的电流的乘积，确定当前油机功率，控制单元可以通过检测第二触点p2的电压确定油机的输出电压。
根据各负载的重要程度，预先为各负载设置优先级，且每一路负载对应的有相应的开关负载对该路负载进行切换，控制该路负载的。当当前油机功率大于当前负载功率时，当前油机功率可以满足对各负载的供电需求，所有负载开关闭合处于正常工作状态，控制单元305控制禁止关闭当前负载并指示电源供电单元304为电池组单元和所有当前负载供电；当当前油机功率不大于当前负载功率时，按照当前负载优先级从低到高的顺序，从优先级低的待供电负载开 始，关闭第一数量的当前负载，该第一数量可以根据实际经验和需要进行灵活设置，例如：可以先关闭优先级最低的负载，在关闭负载后，判断当前油机功率与当前负载功率之间的大小关系，如果当前油机功率仍不大于当前负载功率时，则继续关闭剩余的负载中优先级最低的负载。在优先级等级小于预设等级的当前负载全部关闭后，当当前油机功率不大于当前负载功率时，控制单元304指示所述DC/DC模块控制控制电池组为当前负载供电，此时油机和电池组同时为当前负载供电，由于此时油机功率不足以为当前负载供电，电池会持续放电，直至电池放电至欠压保护。在油机进行供电的过程中，由于根据各负载的重要程度，预先设置各负载的优先级等级，对负载进行智能化管理，可以利用油机功率更加有效的为优先级高的负载延长供电时间。
进一步的，电流检测器件RS1和RS2可以替换为霍尔传感器，如图4所示，包括：电网输入单元401、油机输入单元402、自动切换开关单元403、电源供电单元404、控制单元405和电池组单元406，以及整流模块4041和DC/DC模块4042。
进一步的，电源供电系统可以采用多个整流模块和DC/DC模块并联实现，如图5所示，包括：电网输入单元501、油机输入单元502、自动切换开关单元503、电源供电单元504、控制单元505和电池组单元506，以及整流模块5041和DC/DC模块5042。
进一步的，电网输入单元301和油机输入单元302还可以提供单相的交流电信号，对于单相交流电信号，自动切换开关单元303使用两个单刀双掷开关与交流电信号接口连接，整流模块可以采用现有技术中将单相交流电信号变换为直流点信号的整流电路，在此不再进行详细描述。
通过本申请实施例1提供的上述系统，由于通过控制单元根据当前油机功率和当前负载功率之间的关系，并根据负载的优先级等级控制当前负载的数量，能够延长供电时间，避免供电时间不足导致的电源断电的情况，从而提高了供电的可靠性。并且，由于对电池组进行负脉冲放电修复，能够减少电池的硫化现象，延长电池寿命。
实施例2：
基于同一申请构思，根据本申请上述实施例提供的供电系统，相应地，本申请实施例2还提供了一种供电方法，如图6所示，结合供电系统包括的各个单元，该方法具体包括如下处理步骤：
步骤601、控制单元监测电网输入单元的工作状态。
本步骤中，在正常情况下，由电网输入单元为后级设备提供电能，为了避免在电网突然断电时负载停止工作而造成损失，需要监测电网的工作状态，在电网停电时可以采用油机或者电池组提供电能。
步骤602、当检测到电网输入单元停止供电时，控制油机启动。
具体的，控制单元可以控制自动切换开关单元切换开关与电网输入单元连接或者与油机输入单元连接。
步骤603、当油机启动进行供电时，电源供电单元将油机提供的交流电变换为直流电。
本步骤中，具体可以由现有的整流电路将交流电变换为直流电。
步骤604、控制单元监测电池组电流、当前负载电流和当前油机功率。
步骤605、控制单元确定当前油机功率是否大于当前负载功率，如果是，进入步骤606，如果否，进入步骤607。
本步骤中，当前负载功率可以由当前负载电流和当前负载电阻的乘积确定。
步骤606、当该当前油机功率大于当前负载功率时，控制单元指示电源供电单元使用变换得到的直流电为电池组和当前负载供电。
步骤607、当该当前油机功率大于当前负载功率时，控制单元按照当前负载优先级从低到高的顺序，从优先级低的待供电负载开始，关闭第一数量的供电负载，返回步骤605。
该第一数量可以根据实际经验和需要进行灵活设置。具体的，控制单元可以关闭优先级最低的负载，并返回步骤605继续判断当前油机功率和当前负载功率的大小。
步骤608、在优先级等级小于预设等级的供电负载全部关闭后，当当前油机功率不大于当前负载功率时，控制单元指示电源供电单元控制电池组为当前负载供电。
进一步的，为了避免电池组为负载供电时经过多次大电流放电，使得电池出现硫化现象，导致电池寿命缩短，因此需要对电池组进行负脉冲放电修复，具体处理如下步骤609。
步骤609、检测电池组电流。
步骤610、当检测到的所述电池组电流不大于预设电流值时，控制电池组进行负脉冲放电。
其中，该预设电流值可以设置为电池组额定电流的预设百分比值，例如，可以设置为电池组额定电流的20％。
通过本申请实施例2提供的方法，由于通过控制单元根据当前油机功率和 当前负载功率之间的关系，并根据负载的优先级等级控制当前负载的数量，能够延长供电时间，避免供电时间不足导致的电源断电的情况，从而提高了供电的可靠性。并且，由于对电池组进行负脉冲放电修复，能够减少电池的硫化现象，延长电池寿命。
综上所述，本申请实施例提供的方案，包括：电网输入单元、油机输入单元、自动切换开关单元、电源供电单元、控制单元和电池组单元，其中：电网输入单元，用于向电源供电单元提供交流电；油机输入单元，用于向电源供电单元提供交流电；自动切换开关单元，用于按照控制单元的指示，当电网输入单元正常供电时，通过开关连接电网输入单元和电源供电单元；当电网输入单元停止供电时，切换开关连接油机输入单元和所述电源供电单元；电源供电单元，用于将接收的交流电变换为直流电，提供给电池组单元，并为当前负载供电；控制单元，用于监测电网工作单元的工作状态，当监测到电网输入单元正常工作时，控制自动切换开关单元与电网输入单元连接，当监测到电网输入单元停止供电时，控制自动切换开关单元与油机输入单元连接；监测电池组电流、当前负载电流和当前油机功率；根据当前油机功率和当前负载功率之间的大小关系，确定将要关闭的供电负载；在优先级等级小于预设等级的供电负载全部关闭后，当油机功率小于当前负载功率时，控制电池组为当前负载供电；根据监测到的电池组电流，控制电池组进行负脉冲放电；电池组单元，用于为待供电负载供电。采用本申请实施例提供的方案，延长供电时间、提高供电可靠性。
请参阅图7，为现有的典型配电系统的第一实施例的原理框图，例如数据机房的配电系统。如图7所示，该配电系统主要由市电网络11、发电机21、交流用电设备群30、蓄电池40和ATS(自动切换开关)切换模块50构成。 其中市电网络11可以是一路或者两路，发电机21如柴油发电机是在市电停电后作为备用电源使用。当市电网络11正常时，ATS切换模块50将市电引入到交流用电设备群30。当市电网络11异常时，如市电停电或者出现故障时，ATS切换模块50会发送信号给发电机21的控制器，进而使发电机21开始启动。在发电机21启动完成之前，交流用电设备群30将短时间内从蓄电池40取电，维持系统的正常运行。待发电机21启动完成后，ATS切换模块50自动切换到发电机21，将发电机21的电力传输给交流用电设备群30，实现不间断供电。
交流用电设备群30可以具有主路输入端31、直流输入端32和旁路输入端33。在图7中，ATS切换模块50的两个输入端分别与市电网络11和发电机21相连，ATS切换模块50的输出端与交流用电设备群30的主路输入端31和旁路输入端33连接作为主路电源和旁路电源。交流用电设备群30的直流输入端32与蓄电池40连接。在市电网络11正常时，交流用电设备群30通过主路输入端31由市电网络11供电。在市电网络11异常时，由于主路输入端31掉电，交流用电设备群30通过直流输入端32连接蓄电池40，其内部的逆变模块可将蓄电池40的直流电逆变成交流电使用。当发电机21启动完成后，主路输入端31检测到电源输入，因此将电源输入由直流输入端32切换回主路输入端31进行正常用电。而旁路输入端33是在主路输入端31和直流输入端32均掉电或异常时输入作为备用电源使用。交流用电设备群30和蓄电池40可以为一组或者多组。如图8的第二实施例所示，该配电系统包括N组交流用电设备群和蓄电池，如第一交流用电设备群30-1，第二交流用电设备群30-2，……，第N交流用电设备群30-N；第一蓄电池40-1，第二蓄电池40-2，……，第N蓄电池40-N；其中N为大于1的自然数。每组交流用电设 备群30以同样的方式连接该组配置的蓄电池40并共同连接至ATS切换模块50。
在现有的配电系统中，发电机21直接挂接在交流用电设备群30上，这些交流用电设备群30可以包括各种各样的交流用电设备，例如不间断电源(UPS)系统、高压直流输出(HVDC)系统或空调等。一些交流用电设备具有瞬时输入大电流的特点，比如当UPS从蓄电池40切换到发电机21供电时，对于发电机21而言相当于突然增加了一个很大的负载，而UPS在蓄电池40切换到发电机21的时候，其输入瞬时功率一般都大于其额定输入功率，因此要求输入要配置容量是2倍左右的发电机21，以满足系统的可靠安全的不间断运行。但是，这样发电机21的容量增加了后，其稳态运行时，输出功率远低于其额定功率，造成了极大的浪费。此外，这些交流用电设备的特性各种各样，有的呈现出感性，比如空调，有的在轻载时呈现出容性负载，比如不间断电源(UPS)系统或者高压直流输出(HVDC)系统。对于发电机21如柴油发电机而言，对于容性负载的能力是很弱的，为了提高系统的可靠性一般也要求将柴油发电机的容量配置成所有交流用电设备的2倍左右。并且，交流用电设备群30即使不满负荷工作，也需要配置容量较大的发电机21，以满足输入电容的无功和输入谐波抑制的需求。
针对现有配电系统需要配置的发电机容量较高导致稳态运行时资源浪费的缺陷，本申请实施例还提供了增设了AC/DC转换模块的另一种供电系统实施例，可以有效降低发电机配置。
实施例3
本申请实施例3还提供了供电系统的另一种实施例，尤其可以用作数据机 房的配电系统。如图9所示，该供电系统除了图1所示的电网输入单元101、油机输入单元102、自动切换开关单元103、电源供电单元104和控制单元105(以上单元均在图中未示出)之外，还至少包括：交流用电设备群30、蓄电池40和AC/DC转换模块60。
其中交流用电设备群30在电网交流电接口10输出交流电正常时由所述电网交流电信号供电。在本申请实施例中，电网输入单元101提供连接电网交流电信号的接口10，即相当于连接市电网络，从而输出所述电网交流电信号。当电网交流电接口10输出交流电异常时，如市电停电或者出现故障时，油机20接收到市电网络异常的信号，并开始启动。在油机20启动完成之前，交流用电设备群30由蓄电池40供电，以维持系统的正常运行。在本申请实施例中，油机输入单元102使用油机20输出交流电信号。该油机20也称为油机发电机，该油机20为柴油发电机或者汽油发电机。交流用电设备群30可以包括各种各样的交流用电设备，例如不间断电源(UPS)系统、高压直流输出(HVDC)系统或空调等。
本实施例的独特之处在于，在供电系统中增设了AC/DC转换模块60，在油机20启动完成后，AC/DC转换模块60将油机20的交流电转换为直流电输出，并供给蓄电池40。在这种情况下，相当于蓄电池40和AC/DC转换模块60同时给交流用电设备群30联合供电。
本申请实施例还对油机20启动完成之后的蓄电池40和AC/DC转换模块60的联合供电过程进行控制。当交流用电设备群30在交流用电设备群30的所有当前运行负载的总需求功率大于油机20的瞬时功率时，由AC/DC转换模块60和蓄电池40为交流用电设备群30联合供电。当交流用电设备群30的在 交流用电设备群30的所有当前运行负载的总需求功率等于或者小于油机20的瞬时功率时，由AC/DC转换模块60为交流用电设备群30供电，并且此时AC/DC转换模块60还向蓄电池40进行充电。该控制过程可以通过一控制模块实现。该控制模块可以在油机20启动完成之后，通过例如检测交流用电设备群30的总输入电流判断其总需求功率是否大于油机20的瞬时功率，是则控制蓄电池40进入放电模式，此时由AC/DC转换模块60和蓄电池40联合供电，否则控制蓄电池40进入充电模式，由AC/DC转换模块60向交流用电设备群30供电的同时向蓄电池40充电。该控制模块还在电网交流电接口10输出交流电异常且油机20启动完成之前，控制蓄电池40向交流用电设备群30供电。
本实施例通过增设AC/DC转换模块60，将油机20的交流输出功率转化为直流电流输出功率的形式，并和蓄电池40一起联合向交流用电设备群30供电。这样的架构解决了瞬态输出能量要求大于输入能量要求的场合，可以避免因为这个原因将油机配置过大。当交流用电设备群30的总需求功率大于油机20的瞬时功率，即交流用电设备群30瞬时要求的能量大于输入能量供给时，由AC/DC转换模块60和蓄电池40联合供电，使油机20可以应对具有脉动功率要求的负载，降低了油机20的容量配置。；当交流用电设备群30的总需求功率等于或者小于油机20的瞬时功率，即交流用电设备群30中负载要求能量小于输入能量供给时，由AC/DC转换模块60给蓄电池40充电，同时提供给负载。该方法实现使用较小的油机20应对具有脉动功率要求的负载，节省了投入。
本申请实施例并不限定交流用电设备群30与供电系统中其它功能模块的具体连接方式，本领域基础技术人员可以根据需要设计各种连接方式，只要其 能实现如前所述的供电逻辑关系即可。在本申请的优选实施例中，交流用电设备群30可以具有主路输入端31、直流输入端32和旁路输入端33，其中主路输入端31作为主路电源优先供电，直流输入端32用于在主路输入端31无电源输入时连接直流输入，其内部的逆变模块可将直流输入端32输入的直流电逆变成交流电使用。而旁路输入端33是在主路输入端31和直流输入端32均掉电或异常时输入作为旁路电源即备用电源使用。
由于市电网络是主供电电源，因此本申请实施例中电网交流电信号与交流用电设备群30的主路输入端31连接作为主路电源。交流用电设备群30的直流输入端32与AC/DC转换模块60和蓄电池40连接，以便于在电网交流电接口10输出交流电异常时，通过直流输入端32取电。而交流用电设备群30的旁路输入端33则给出了2种具体连接方式供参考。
在图9给出的实施例3的供电系统实施例中，交流用电设备群30的旁路输入端33与油机20连接，以便于在交流用电设备群30内部用于对直流输入进行逆变的逆变模块损坏后，系统可切换到旁路输入端33，由油机20作为旁路电源为交流用电设备群30供电。该实施例中将油机20接入旁路输入端33，可以作为保障系统正常运行的最后一道供电屏障。
实施例4
在图10给出的实施例4的供电系统实施例中，该供电系统还包括ATS切换模块50。该ATS切换模块50的两个输入端分别与电网交流电信号和油机20相连，ATS切换模块50的输出端与交流用电设备群30的旁路输入端33连接作为旁路电源。这样不仅可以在交流用电设备群30内部的逆变模块损坏后，系统切换到旁路输入端33，由油机20作为旁路电源为交流用电设备群30供 电，还可以在电网交流电接口输出交流电恢复正常后，由ATS切换模块50切换回电网交流电信号对交流用电设备群30进行供电。
与之相比，现有技术中传统的接法是将油机20的输出接到交流用电设备群30的主路输入端31上，而本实施例中只需要接到旁路输入端33即可。这是因为，一般来讲交流用电设备群30中例如UPS系统的主路输入端31的电压正常时，会优先使用主路电源供电，在油机20工作时，若将油机20的输出直接供给UPS系统的主路供电，UPS将优先从主路取得电力，而不会从蓄电池40取得能量，也就无法通过AC/DC转换模块60实现应对脉动功率需求的能力。该实施例中将油机20接入到旁路输入端33作为旁路电源是因为，如果UPS系统的逆变器故障，需要有一路备用电源，而旁路电源是UPS系统的最后一道屏障。
实施例5
本申请实施例的供电系统中的交流用电设备群30、蓄电池40和AC/DC转换模块60可以为一组或者多组。请参阅图11，本申请实施例5还提供了供电系统的另一种实施例，该供电系统除了图1所示的电网输入单元101、油机输入单元102、自动切换开关单元103、电源供电单元104和控制单元105(以上单元均在图中未示出)之外，还包括N组交流用电设备群30、蓄电池40和AC/DC转换模块60。
其中每个交流用电设备群30对应配备了一组蓄电池40和AC/DC转换模块60。如第一交流用电设备群30-1与对应的第一蓄电池40-1和第一AC/DC转换模块60-1连接，第二交流用电设备群30-2与对应的第二蓄电池40-2和第二AC/DC转换模块60-2连接，……，第N交流用电设备群30-N与对应的第 N蓄电池40-N和第NAC/DC转换模块60-N连接，其中N为大于1的自然数。各个交流用电设备群30与供电系统中其他功能模块的连接关系以及工作过程与图9或图10的描述相同。每个交流用电设备群30也可以包括如前所述的主路输入端31、直流输入端32和旁路输入端33，且连接关系及工作过程也与图9或者图10的描述相同。
当存在多个交流用电设备群30时，前述交流用电设备群30的所有当前运行负载的总需求功率是指第一交流用电设备群30-1至第N交流用电设备群30-N中所有当前运行的负载的总需求功率。控制模块可以通过检测第一交流用电设备群30-1至第N交流用电设备群30-N的总输入电流判断总需求功率是否大于油机20的瞬时功率，是则控制第一蓄电池40-1至第N蓄电池40-N均进入放电模式，此时由每组的AC/DC转换模块60和蓄电池40联合向各自的交流用电设备群30供电，否则控制第一蓄电池40-1至第N蓄电池40-N均进入充电模式，由每组的AC/DC转换模块60向各自的交流用电设备群30供电的同时向蓄电池40充电。
实施例6
请参阅图12，本申请实施例6还提供了供电系统的另一种实施例，该实施例提供的供电系统还包括：无功补偿模块71，其与油机20的输出端相连，用于在油机运行时调整油机20所带负载的功率因数，使油机20所带负载呈阻性或者弱感性。当油机20开启后，与油机20输出直接连接的无功补偿模块71可以调整油机20负载的功率因数，特别针对超前负载，通过无功补偿模块71将负载调整为阻性或者弱感性。例如，标准油机期望负载的输入功率因素为滞后0.8。如图12所示的实施例6中，通过无功补偿模块71后，将油机20 的输出接到ATS切换模块50和各个AC/DC转换模块60上。通过无功补偿模块71的调节作用，可以提高油机20的带负载能力，避免出现容性负载，使得油机20出现输出电压谐振，同时提高了油机20的容性负载的适应能力，利于选择容量较小的油机20。
图12所示的供电系统的具体工作过程如下：
1)电网交流电接口10输出交流电正常时，由电网交流电信号给各个交流用电设备群30的主路输入端31供电，交流用电设备群30中的充电器给蓄电池40充电，以备电网交流电接口10输出交流电异常时的供电。
2)当电网交流电接口10输出交流电异常时，交流用电设备群30通过直流输入端32从蓄电池40获得能量。
开启油机20，与油机20输出直接连接的无功补偿模块71可以调整油机负载的功率因数，将负载调整为阻性或者弱感性。通过无功补偿模块71后，将油机20的输出接到ATS切换模块50和各个AC/DC转换模块60上。
通过启动AC/DC转换模块60，将油机20的交流输入电压转换为直流输出。在这种情况下，相当于蓄电池40和AC/DC转换模块60同时给交流用电设备群30联合供电。
如果交流用电设备群30内部的逆变器损坏，系统可切换到旁路输入端33。ATS切换模块50选择油机20输出接到交流用电设备群30的旁路输入端33上，由油机20通过ATS切换模块50供电。
3)当电网交流电接口10输出交流电恢复正常时，交流用电设备群30的主路输入端31供电恢复，系统将切换到主路输入端31输入。此时，各个AC/DC转换模块60停止工作，油机20和无功补偿模块71也可随之停止工作。整个 系统恢复到停电前的初始状态。
在本申请的另一些实施例中，可以直接在图7或者图8所示的现有配电系统中增设前述无功补偿模块71，连接至油机20的输出端以通过无功补偿改善油机负载的特性，利于选择容量较小的柴油发电机20。
在本申请的另一些实施例中，前述无功补偿模块71可以采用谐波补偿模块或者无功谐波补偿模块替代。其中，谐波补偿模块与油机20的输出端相连，用于在油机20运行时对电路中的谐波进行治理。无功谐波补偿模块则兼具无功补偿与谐波治理功能，其与油机20的输出端相连，用于在油机20运行时对电路中的谐波进行治理，并调整油机20所带负载的功率因数，使油机20所带负载呈阻性或者弱感性。
综上所述，实施例3至实施例6的重点主要体现在以下几个方面：
1、本申请实施例通过在供电系统中增设AC/DC转换模块60，最大程度的将油机20的能力发挥出来，一边提供给交流用电设备群30如UPS系统或者其他用电设备，一边给蓄电池40充电。当负载需求功率大于油机瞬时功率时，由蓄电池40和AC/DC转换模块60联合供电，当小于或等于时AC/DC转换模块60给蓄电池40充电并给负载供电。
2、本申请实施例的供电系统中提出了无功补偿模块71与油机20的配合，通过无功补偿模块71改善了油机负载的特性，利于选择容量较小的油机组。
3、本申请实施例提出了一种ATS切换逻辑，在电网交流电接口10输出交流电正常时ATS将交流用电设备群30的旁路与电网交流电信号连接，当电网交流电接口10输出交流电异常时，将油机20的输出与旁路连接。
4、本申请实施例还改善了供电系统的切换逻辑，包括如前所述在电网交 流电接口10输出交流电异常后系统的切换逻辑，以及在电网交流电接口10输出交流电正常后系统的回复逻辑。
5、本申请实施例还改善了油机20的配置方法，可以根据系统所需的实际有功负载需求，配置油机20，其特点是无需按照交流用电设备群30的额定满载容量来配置油机20，而可以根据实际有功需求配置。
6、本申请通过降低油机20的装机容量，有效降低了资本投入(capex)；由于油机20的装机容量下降，瞬态输出功率得到有效控制，电缆截面积可以更小，整个工程成本降低，也降低了资本投入；本申请实施例的供电系统使得油机组运行在最佳运行的功率点，使其单位发电量下耗油最少，降低了运营成本(opex)；并且由于油机20的效率提升，在提供一定功率的情况下，其碳排放量降低，更加绿色环保。
如图13所示，为目前配电系统如机房配电系统中交流电源与负载的连接图。其中，交流电源70可以为柴油发电机组，用于向与其输出端连接的n个负载供电，如第一负载80-1、第二负载80-2……至第n负载80-n。该n个负载可以为交流负载。在配置柴油发电机组的功率时，一方面按照典型的发电机组设计应将柴油发电机组的容量配置为负载额定总容量的一定倍数，一般在2倍左右，另一方面还需要考虑n个负载同时以最大功率工作的工况，以保证系统可靠安全的供电。但是大部分时候，系统并没有以最大的功率工作，柴油发电机组一直工作在非常轻的负荷下，造成了资源浪费。
针对现有配电系统的交流电源的功率适应能力不强的缺陷，本申请实施例还提供了另一种供电系统实施例和供电方法实施例，在输入功率不增加的情况下，通过配置AC/DC模块及其监控模块，提高脉冲功率的适应能力，并有效 增加系统的供电的连续性。
实施例7
本申请实施例7还提供了供电系统的另一种实施例，该实施例中包括一种AC/DC装置，下面结合图14对本申请实施例的AC/DC装置及使用该AC/DC装置的供电系统进行详细说明。
如图14所示，本申请实施例7还提供了供电系统的另一种实施例，该实施例除了图1所示的电网输入单元101、油机输入单元102、自动切换开关单元103、电源供电单元104和控制单元105(以上单元均在图中未示出)之外，还包括：交流电源70、多个负载和至少一个蓄电池组，其中交流电源70具体为油机，例如可以为柴油发电机组或者汽油发电机组。在本申请实施例中，油机输入单元102使用油机输出交流电信号。
当所述电网交流电接口输出交流电不正常时，所述自动切换开关单元103将油机输入单元102和电源供电单元104接通，从而将油机输入单元102输出的交流电信号提供给电源供电单元104，电源供电单元104将油机输入单元102输出的交流电信号变换为直流电信号，使用所述直流电信号为当前负载供电。因此，当所述电网交流电接口输出交流电不正常时，所述多个负载由交流电源70供电。所述多个负载如图14中第一负载80-1至第m+n负载80-m+n。
当所述电网交流电接口输出交流电不正常时，电源供电单元104具体包括AC/DC装置。
本申请的AC/DC装置包括监控模块(图中未示出)以及至少一个AC/DC模块。该至少一个AC/DC模块与AC/DC装置的多个负载中至少一个负载以及至少一个蓄电池组对应配置。
例如，该供电系统中为多个负载中至少一个负载对应配置有AC/DC模块 和蓄电池组，如图14中为m个负载配置了AC/DC模块和蓄电池组，这些负载被称为第二负载群，包括第一负载80-1、第二负载80-2、……、第m负载80-m。相应地，剩下的负载被称为第一负载群，包括第m+1负载80-m+1、第m+2负载80-m+2、……、第m+n负载80-m+n。在本申请中，第二负载群中每个负载对应配置了AC/DC模块和蓄电池组。如为第一负载80-1配置的第一AC/DC模块90-1和第一蓄电池组100-1，为第二负载80-2配置的第二AC/DC模块90-2和第二蓄电池组100-2，……，为第m蓄电池组100-m配置的第m AC/DC模块90-m和第m蓄电池组100-m。其中，AC/DC模块用于将交流电源70输出的交流电转换为直流电。系统在运行时，可以控制第二负载群中的负载由对应配置的AC/DC模块供电，或者由对应配置的蓄电池组供电，或者由AC/DC模块和蓄电池组联合供电。第二负载群中的负载可以包括不间断电源和用电设备。
本申请中监控模块与各个AC/DC模块相连，检测交流电源70的总输出电流，并根据该交流电源70的总输出电流发送指令控制前述至少一个AC/DC模块的输入功率，使交流电源70的总输出功率不高于预设功率。该预设功率为略低于交流电源额定功率的一个数值。如图14中所示的AC/DC模块，这些模块具有AC/DC变换功能，可以根据监控模块的指令控制输入功率，从而达到控制交流电源70的总输出功率的效果。各个AC/DC模块的输入端连接至交流电源70例如柴油发电机的交流输出端，监控模块通过检测交流电源70的总输出电流如图14中A点处的电流，以此为依据确定是否发送指令启动第二负载群中的AC/DC模块，并在启动AC/DC模块后实时检测交流电源的总输出电流，并以此为依据实现对各个AC/DC模块输入功率的控制，例如通过调整各个AC/DC模块的输入电流，来控制图14中B点处的电流，由于C点处的电流不变，就可以实现对整个交流电源70总输出功率的控制。
具体地，监控模块连接至交流电源70的交流输出端，用于在系统启动时 检测交流电源70的总输出电流，在小于设定值时发送指令启动各个AC/DC模块。在本申请的优选实施例中，可以同时启动各个AC/DC模块，也可以逐个启动各个AC/DC模块。因此，如果在系统启动时交流电源70的总输出电流较大，即不低于设定值时，第二负载群中的各个AC/DC模块不启动，第二负载群中的负载可以由相连的蓄电池组供电，进而可以控制交流电源70的总输出电流不至于超过预设功率。如果在系统启动时交流电源70的总输出电流较小，即大于设定值时，交流电源70有能力通过各个AC/DC模块向第二负载群中的负载供电，因此可以启动各个AC/DC模块。此时，各个AC/DC模块可以联合蓄电池组一起为负载供电。
监控模块在发送指令启动各个AC/DC模块后，可以控制各个AC/DC模块增大其输入功率，使交流电源70的总输出电流逐步增大，以避免交流电源70的总输出功率突增而超过预设功率。同时不断检测交流电源70的总输出电流是否小于设定值，是则发送指令给各个AC/DC模块逐步增大其输入功率，使交流电源70的总输出电流增大，否则发送指令给各个AC/DC模块逐步减小其输入功率，使交流电源70的总输出电流减小。也就是说，该控制过程必须符合交流电源70的总输出功率不高于设定值的要求。优选地，该控制过程还需符合另一个控制条件，即各个AC/DC模块的输入功率增大后，除了满足连接的负载的要求，还必须符合与之连接的蓄电池组的充电电流倍率要求，即不能大于蓄电池组的预设充电电流倍率。在本申请的一个优选实施例中，监控模块可以通过随机减小各个AC/DC模块中一个或多个AC/DC模块的输入功率，进而减小交流电源70的总输出电流。在本申请的另一个优选实施例中，监控模块也可以通过平均减小每个AC/DC模块的输入功率，进而减小交流电源70的总输出电流。
在本申请的优选实施例中，各个AC/DC模块启动后，可以联合蓄电池组一起为负载供电。此时，可以根据实际情况控制蓄电池组的充放电状态。本申 请的监控模块在调整各个AC/DC模块的输入功率时，可以保持均衡的原则。监控模块可以收集各个AC/DC模块的输出电流状态，以及与之相连的负载的输入电流状态，在控制各个AC/DC模块的输入功率时，优先保证AC/DC模块的输出电流大于等于负载的输入电流，保证电池不过度放电。也就是说，如果交流电源70的预设功率能够满足所有负载的需求时，通过平衡各个AC/DC模块的输入功率，尽量不启动蓄电池组供电。并且，如果交流电源70的预设功率不仅能够满足所有负载的需求，还有多余的功率时，AC/DC模块可以为与之连接的蓄电池组进行充电。如果交流电源70的预设功率不能满足所有负载的需求时，监控模块控制AC/DC模块启动连接的蓄电池组联合供电。
如果系统内启动了蓄电池组与AC/DC模块联合供电，本申请的监控模块还可以根据各个蓄电池组的剩余电量来确认如何调整该蓄电池组连接的AC/DC模块的输入功率。在各个AC/DC模块启动后，检测各个蓄电池组的剩余电量，并从低到高依次排序，选择剩余电量最低的一个或多个蓄电池组，增大与该一个或多个蓄电池组相连的AC/DC模块的输入功率。例如，可以选择剩余电量最低的一个蓄电池组，如通过第一AC/DC模块90-1检测到第一蓄电池组100-1的剩余电量最低，监控模块可控制第一AC/DC模块90-1的输入电流增加，以保证第一负载80-1的安全可靠运行。又例如，可以选择剩余电量最低的两个蓄电池组，增到这两个蓄电池组相连的AC/DC模块的输入功率。本申请通过集中监控模块的调度，合理地分配了各AC/DC模块的输入功率，保证了整个配电系统中的蓄电池发挥最大化的利用率，实现对交流电源70如柴油发电机的高效利用，同时保证了可靠供电。
在本申请中，监控模块在发送指令启动AC/DC模块后，还可以根据这些AC/DC模块中每个AC/DC模块连接的负载的优先级分配输入功率。也就是说，系统还可以设置各直流负载的重要性，可优先保证重要负载的连续供电，对于优先级较低的负载，可以在交流电源的总输出功率等于或者接近额定值时，控 制与优先级较低的负载连接的AC/DC模块减小输入功率，保证优先级高的负载连接的AC/DC模块的供电。
请参阅图15，为根据本申请优选实施例的AC/DC装置中AC/DC模块的示意图。如图15所示，该实施例中AC/DC模块90至少包括：AC/DC转换单元91和电量计算单元92。
其中，AC/DC转换单元91用于将交流电源70输出的交流电转换为直流电。电量计算单元92用于检测与之连接的蓄电池组的剩余电量，并发送给监控模块。
该AC/DC模块90还可以进一步包括充电控制单元93，用于对与之连接的蓄电池组进行充放电控制。
在本申请的优选实施例中，该AC/DC模块90还可以进一步包括续航能力计算单元，用于计算与之连接的蓄电池组的续航时间，并发送给监控模块。此外，该AC/DC模块90还可以具有以下特征：
1)当电压和频率在一定的正常范围可以启动，即使电压和频率变化率很高也可以保证稳定的输出功率。
2)当输入电压瞬态跌落时，具有限制输出功率的能力；
3)当输出突加负载时，输入的最大瞬时输入功率不超过输出负载的K倍。通常1<K<3。
4)当输入电压异常系统关机后，当输入电压恢复正常系统可正常启动恢复供电。
实施例8
本申请实施例8还提供了供电方法的另一种实施例。该方法应用于供电系统中。该供电系统包括交流电源70、由交流电源70供电的多个负载、至少一个蓄电池组和至少一个AC/DC模块。其中交流电源70具体为油机，例如可以为柴油发电机组或者汽油发电机组。
所述供电系统可以为实施例7所示的供电系统，并且此时满足：当所述电网交流电接口输出交流电不正常时，所述多个负载由交流电源70供电；当所述电网交流电接口输出交流电不正常时，电源供电单元104具体包括AC/DC装置。
所述多个负载如图14中第一负载80-1至第m+n负载80-m+n。多个负载中至少一个负载对应配置有AC/DC模块和蓄电池组，其中AC/DC模块用于将交流电源70输出的交流电转换为直流电，为连接的负载供电。该负载也可以由蓄电池组单独供电，或者由AC/DC模块和蓄电池组联合供电。
本申请的供电方法除了实施例2提供的供电方法之外，还包括控制方法，所述控制方法包括以下步骤：检测交流电源70的总输出电流，并根据交流电源70的总输出电流发送指令控制各个AC/DC模块的输入功率，使交流电源的总输出功率不高于预设功率。该预设功率为略低于交流电源额定功率的一个数值。例如，系统可以通过检测交流电源的总输出电流如图14中A点处的电流，以此为依据确定是否发送指令启动第二负载群中的AC/DC模块，并在启动AC/DC模块后实时检测交流电源的总输出电流，并以此为依据实现对各个AC/DC模块输入功率的控制，例如通过调整各个AC/DC模块的输入电流，来控制图14中B点处的电流，进而实现对整个交流电源70总输出功率的控制。
本申请中AC/DC装置的产品可以采用多种封装及使用形式。例如监控模块可以内置在各个AC/DC模块中，在使用时相互通讯实现整体控制。该监控模块也可以独立于AC/DC模块作为该配电系统的总监控模块，对所有的AC/DC模块进行控制。
请参阅图16，为根据本申请优选实施例的控制方法的具体流程图。如图16所示，该实施例提供的控制方法具体包括以下步骤：
首先，在步骤S1601中，系统启动。
随后，在步骤S1602中，检测交流电源70的总输出电流。
随后，在步骤S1603中，判断交流电源70的总输出电流是否小于设定值，是则转步骤S1604；否则转步骤S1602继续检测并判断交流电源70的总输出电流是否小于设定值。
随后，在步骤S1604中，发送指令启动各个AC/DC模块；在本申请的优选实施例中，可以同时启动各个AC/DC模块，也可以逐个启动各个AC/DC模块。因此，如果在系统启动时交流电源70的总输出电流较大，即不低于设定值时，第二负载群中的各个AC/DC模块不启动，第二负载群中的负载可以由相连的蓄电池组供电，进而可以控制交流电源70的总输出电流不至于超过预设功率。如果在系统启动时交流电源70的总输出电流较小，即大于设定值时，交流电源70有能力通过各个AC/DC模块向第二负载群中的负载供电，因此可以启动各个AC/DC模块。此时，各个AC/DC模块可以单独向与之连接的负载供电，也可以联合蓄电池组一起为负载供电。
随后，在步骤S1605中，在发送指令启动各个AC/DC模块后，控制各个AC/DC模块使交流电源的总输出电流逐步增大，以避免交流电源70的总输出功率突增而超过预设功率。该步骤在增大交流电源的总输出电流时，还需要满足另一个控制条件，即各个AC/DC模块的输入功率增大后，除了为负载供电之外，还必须符合与之连接的蓄电池组的充电电流倍率要求，即不能大于蓄电池组的预设充电电流倍率。
随后，在步骤S1606中，检测交流电源的总输出电流是否小于设定值，是则转步骤S1605发送指令给各个AC/DC模块逐步增大其输入功率，使交流电源的总输出电流增大；否则转步骤S1607。在本申请的一个优选实施例中，系统可以通过随机减小各个AC/DC模块中一个或多个AC/DC模块的输入功率，进而减小交流电源70的总输出电流。在本申请的另一个优选实施例中，系统也可以通过平均减小每个AC/DC模块的输入功率，进而减小交流电源70的总输出电流。
在本申请的优选实施例中，各个AC/DC模块启动后，系统可以控制其联合蓄电池组一起为负载供电。此时，可以根据实际情况控制蓄电池组的充放电状态。本申请的配电系统的控制方法中在调整各个AC/DC模块的输入功率时，可以保持均衡的原则。该控制方法中可以收集各个AC/DC模块的输出电流状态，以及与之相连的负载的输入电流状态，在控制各个AC/DC模块的输入功率时，优先保证AC/DC模块的输出电流大于等于负载的输入电流，保证电池不过度放电。也就是说，如果交流电源70的预设功率能够满足所有负载的需求时，通过平衡各个AC/DC模块的输入功率，尽量不启动蓄电池组供电。并且，如果交流电源70的预设功率不仅能够满足所有负载的需求，还有多余的功率时，AC/DC模块可以为与之连接的蓄电池组进行充电。如果交流电源70的预设功率不能满足所有负载的需求时，系统控制AC/DC模块启动连接的蓄电池组联合供电。
随后，在步骤S1607中，发送指令给各个AC/DC模块逐步减小其输入功率，使交流电源的总输出电流减小，并转步骤S1606再次进行检测。该流程可以在系统停止时结束。
在前述步骤S1607中，如果系统内启动了蓄电池组与AC/DC模块联合供电，本申请的控制方法还可以根据各个蓄电池组的剩余电量来确认如何调整该蓄电池组连接的AC/DC模块的输入功率。在各个AC/DC模块启动后，检测各个蓄电池组的剩余电量，并从低到高依次排序，选择剩余电量最低的一个或多个蓄电池组，增大与该一个或多个蓄电池组相连的AC/DC模块的输入功率。例如，可以选择剩余电量最低的一个蓄电池组，如通过第一AC/DC模块90-1检测到第一蓄电池组100-1的剩余电量最低，监控模块可控制第一AC/DC模块90-1的输入电流增加，以保证第一负载80-1的安全可靠运行。又例如，可以选择剩余电量最低的两个蓄电池组，增到这两个蓄电池组相连的AC/DC模块的输入功率。本申请的控制方法中通过集中调度，合理地分配了各AC/DC 模块的输入功率，保证了整个配电系统中的蓄电池发挥最大化的利用率，实现对交流电源70如柴油发电机的高效利用，同时保证了可靠供电。
本申请的控制方法在发送指令启动AC/DC模块后，还可以根据这些AC/DC模块中每个AC/DC模块连接的负载的优先级分配输入功率。也就是说，系统还可以设置各直流负载的重要性，可优先保证重要负载的连续供电，对于优先级较低的负载，可以在交流电源的总输出功率等于或者接近额定值时，控制与优先级较低的负载连接的AC/DC模块减小输入功率，保证优先级高的负载连接的AC/DC模块的供电。
传统的配电系统如机房配电系统为了保证系统的可靠性，一般有多路输入电源。发电机如柴油发电机一般是必备的选择，但是柴油发电机的体积大，投入高。在配置柴油发电机时，除了考虑柴油发电机与负载的功率因数的配合，还需要考虑到所有负载均为工作状态的最大可能负载，而大部分时候各负载都不是工作在最大功率状态，实际上造成了柴油发电机的配置远大于输出平均功率的需求，造成场地、资金的浪费。
如图17所示，为目前机房配电系统中发电机组与负载的连接图。其中，发电机组110可以为柴油发电机组，用于向与其输出端连接的n个负载供电，如第一负载120-1、第二负载120-2……至第n负载120-n。该n个负载可以为交流负载。在配置发电机组110的功率时，一方面按照典型的发电机组设计应将发电机组110的容量配置为负载额定总容量的一定倍数，另一方面还需要考虑n个负载同时以最大功率工作的工况，以保证系统可靠安全的供电。但是大部分时候，系统并没有以最大的功率工作，发电机组110一直工作在非常轻的负荷下，造成了资源浪费。
针对现有配电系统的发电机组容量配置较大造成资源浪费的缺陷，本申请 实施例还提供另一种供电系统实施例。
实施例9
请参阅图18，本申请实施例9还提供了供电系统的另一种实施例，该实施例中供电系统具体为柔性供电系统。如图18所示，该柔性供电系统除了图1所示的电网输入单元101、油机输入单元102、自动切换开关单元103、电源供电单元104和控制单元105(以上单元均在图中未示出)之外，还包括：
发电机组110，以及多个负载。其中发电机组110具体为油机，例如可以为柴油发电机组或者汽油发电机组。在本申请实施例中，油机输入单元102使用油机输出交流电信号。
当所述电网交流电接口输出交流电不正常时，所述多个负载由发电机组110供电。所述多个负载如图18中第一负载120-1至第m+n负载120-m+n。本申请将该多个负载分为第一负载群和第二负载群，如图18中第一负载群的负载数量为n个，包括第m+1负载120-m+1、第m+2负载120-m+2、……、第m+n负载120-m+n；第二负载群的负载数量为m个，包括第一负载120-1、第二负载120-2、……、第m负载120-m。
本申请的柔性供电系统还包括为第二负载群中每个负载对应配置的AC/DC模块和储能模块。如为第一负载120-1配置的第一AC/DC模块130-1和第一储能模块140-1，为第二负载120-2配置的第二AC/DC模块130-2和第二储能模块140-2，……，为第m储能模块140-m配置的第m AC/DC模块130-m和第m储能模块140-m。其中，AC/DC模块用于将发电机组110输出的交流电转换为直流电。这些AC/DC模块在发电机组110启动后，根据预设条件启动。
本申请的柔性供电系统还包括控制模块(图中未示出)，用于在系统运行期间，检测发电机组的总输出功率，在判断发电机组110的总输出功率达到预设功率时，控制第二负载群中AC/DC模块与储能模块联合为对应的负载供电，以控制发电机组的总输出功率不高于额定功率。该控制模块还在判断发电机组110的总输出功率低于预设功率时，增大第二负载群的输入功率，控制AC/DC模块在向对应的负载供电的同时为储能模块储存能量。控制模块在增大第二负载群的输入功率的同时，也应该同时保障发电机组110的总输出功率不高于额定功率。在本申请的优选实施例中，前述预设功率可以设置为发电机组110的额定功率的70％-100％。
实施本实施例的柔性供电系统，具有以下有益效果：本实施例通过为第二负载群配置AC/DC模块和储能模块将负载转换为柔性负载，通过调节柔性负载的输入功率大小来控制发电机组的总输出功率平衡，从而实现发电机组的低容量配置，提高了发电机组的利用率。
在本申请的优选实施例中，控制模块可以通过检测发电机组110的总输出电流对发电机组110的输出功率进行判断。如图18中设发电机组110的输出端即A点的总输出电流为I_A，第一负载群的总输入电流即C点电流为I_C，第二负载群的总输入电流即B点电流为I_B，可得电流公式如下：I_A＝I_B+I_C。当第一负载群中有更多的负载投入使用或者负载需求功率增大时，第一负载群的总输入电流I_C增大，发电机组110的总输出电流I_A也随之增大。控制模块检测到发电机组110的总输出电流I_A达到预设电流时可以判断发电机组110的输出功率达到预设功率。此时，控制模块可以发送信号给各个储能模块切换至放电状态，如第一储能模块140-1至第m储能模块140-m 分别向与之连接的负载供电。由于此时各个储能模块与AC/DC模块联合向各自的负载供电，控制模块可以通过控制各个AC/DC模块使第二负载群的总输入电流I_B降低，达到降低发电机组110的总输出电流I_A的目的，进而使得发电机组110的总输出功率不高于额定功率。
对应地，控制模块在检测到总输出电流I_A小于前述预设电流时判断发电机组110的输出功率低于预设功率。控制模块可以发送信号给各个储能模块切换至充电状态，并通过控制各个AC/DC模块使第二负载群的总输入电流I_B增大，使得各个AC/DC模块在向各自的负载供电的同时向储能模块充电。如第一AC/DC模块130-1在向第一负载120-1供电的同时向第一储能模块140-1充电。控制模块在增大第二负载群的总输入电流I_B时，也应该同时保障发电机组110的总输出电流I_A不高于前述预设电流以使总输出功率不高于额定功率。
在本申请的优选实施例中，在判断发电机组110的总输出功率达到预设功率时，可以根据需要控制第二负载群中一组或多组AC/DC模块与储能模块联合为对应的负载供电。在判断发电机组110的总输出功率低于预设功率时，也可以根据需要调节一组或多组AC/DC模块在向对应的负载供电的同时为储能模块储存能量。
本申请通过上述方案提供了一种柔性的供电系统，将一部分普通负载变换为柔性负载。如本申请中第一负载群为普通刚性负载，即输入功率不可调的负载；第二负载群通过配置AC/DC模块和储能模块转换为柔性负载。该柔性负载是指可以调节输入电流大小的负载。当负载功率不变或增大，而要求输入功率降低时，柔性负载内部可以通过储能模块补偿能量差值。当输入能量可以满 足时，对储能模块进行能量补充。
当第一负载群中的n个负载发生负载突增时，可以立即降低柔性负载即第二负载群中的功率输入，以维持总输出电流，使得第一负载群和第二负载群的总输入功率不超过发电机组110的额定功率。柔性负载通过自身的储能模块供电维持，当第一负载群的刚性负载的输入功率降低时，则通过增加柔性负载的输入电流的方式，一方面给后级负载提供电源，同时给柔性负载内部的储能模块补充能量。这样就有效的达到了“削峰填谷”的效果，从而实现发电机组110的低容量配置，提高了发电机组110的利用率。典型的情况是比如第一负载群中的负载为空调设备时，由于空调运行时温度的不同或者温度场变化后，压缩机的工作功率是不同的，差别可达20％以上。若在空调最大功率运转时，将柔性负载的输入功率调低20％，就可以实现发电机组110的总输出功率不变，降低发电机组110的额定功率配置。值得提醒的是在配置发电机组110时，需要考虑发电机组110的输出功率能力要略大于系统的平均功率，保持能量守恒。
在本申请的一些优选实施例中，柔性供电系统的储能模块为蓄电池。该储能模块也可以为其它能够储存能量和释放能量的装置。在本申请的另一些优选实施例中，第二负载群中的负载可以为交直流双电源用电设备。该交直流双电源用电设备可以任何采用交流和直流双电源输入供电的装置。
请参阅图19，为本申请实施例10提供的柔性供电系统的部分模块框图。在该实施例的柔性供电系统中，AC/DC模块连接的储能模块为蓄电池，如图19中第一蓄电池141-1、第二蓄电池141-2、……、第m蓄电池141-m。第二负载群中的负载为交直流双电源用电设备，如第一交直流双电源用电设备121-1、第二交直流双电源用电设备121-2、……、第m交直流双电源用电设 备121-m。
请参阅图20，为本申请实施例11提供的柔性供电系统的部分模块框图。在该实施例的柔性供电系统中，第二负载群中的负载为不间断电源及与之连接的刚性用电设备。如图20中与蓄电池连接的不间断电源分别为第一不间断电源122-1、第二不间断电源122-2、……、第m不间断电源122-m。不间断电源后级连接相应的刚性用电设备，如第一刚性用电设备123-1、第二刚性用电设备123-2、……、第m刚性用电设备123-m。该刚性用电设备是指输入功率为刚性需求，不可调。该刚性用电设备可以为各种不含储能环节的交直流负载，例如数据机房中服务器等IT关键设备。
由于不间断电源一般具有主路输入端、旁路输入端和直流输入端。该主路输入端可以为三相、双相或单相系统。该旁路输入端也可以为三相、双相或单相系统。优先由主路输入端供电。在主路电源异常时，不间断电源通过直流输入端供电，而旁路输入端是在主路输入端和直流输入端均掉电或异常时输入作为备用电源使用。在本申请中，可以将不间断电源的直流输入端与AC/DC模块连接，提供直流电源。
请参阅图21，为根据本申请实施例12提供的柔性供电系统的部分模块框图。在该实施例的柔性供电系统中，不间断电源的旁路输入端通过第一开关K1与发电机组110的输出端耦合。如图21中，第一不间断电源122-1至第m不间断电源122-m的旁路输入端均通过第一开关K1连接至发电机组110的输出端。而第一不间断电源122-1至第m不间断电源122-m可以通过主路输入端或者通过直流输入端与对应的AC/DC模块连接。因此，当AC/DC模块输出异常或者直流输入端内部的逆变模块异常时，可以将发电机组110接入旁路输 入端作为备用电源使用。需要说明地是，该第一开关K1可以为单相开关、双相开关或者三相开关。
请参阅图22，为本申请实施例13提供的柔性供电系统的部分模块框图。在该实施例的柔性供电系统中，还包括市电网络150，不间断电源的主路输入端通过第二开关K2与市电网络150的输出端耦合。
其中，由于本申请实施例中，电网输入单元101提供连接电网交流电信号的接口，即相当于连接市电网络。因此，所述不间断电源的主路输入端实际上通过第二开关K2与所述电网交流电信号的接口耦合。
如图22中，第一不间断电源122-1至第m不间断电源122-m的主路输入端均通过第二开关K2连接至市电网络150的输出端。此时，第一不间断电源122-1至第m不间断电源122-m可以通过直流输入端或者旁路输入端与对应的AC/DC模块连接。因此，当市电网络150异常时，即所述电网交流电接口输出交流电不正常时，可以启动发电机组110，并将发电机组110通过AC/DC模块接入直流输入端供电。再通过控制第二负载群的输入功率调节发电机组110的总功率维持在一定的水平，保证发电机组110的有效利用和低容量配置。需要说明地是，该第二开关K2可以为单相开关、双相开关或者三相开关。
请参阅图23，为本申请实施例14提供的柔性供电系统的部分模块框图。在该实施例的柔性供电系统中，不间断电源的主路输入端通过第二开关K1与市电网络150的输出端耦合，不间断电源的直流输入端与各自的AC/DC模块连接，不间断电源的旁路输入端通过第一开关K1与发电机组110的输出端耦合。因此，当市电网络150异常时，可以启动发电机组110，并将发电机组110通过AC/DC模块接入直流输入端供电。当AC/DC模块输出异常或者直流输入 端内部的逆变模块异常时，可以将发电机组110直接接入旁路输入端作为备用电源使用。
本申请的柔性供电系统中，蓄电池可以有多种耦合方式。请参阅图24，为本申请实施例15提供的柔性供电系统的部分模块框图。在该实施例的柔性供电系统中，蓄电池与对应的AC/DC模块耦合进行充放电。请参阅图25，为本申请实施例16提供的柔性供电系统的部分模块框图。在该实施例的柔性供电系统中，蓄电池与对应的AC/DC模块的输出母线耦合进行充放电。请参阅图26，为本申请实施例17提供的柔性供电系统的部分模块框图。在该实施例的柔性供电系统中，蓄电池与AC/DC模块耦合进行充放电，同时蓄电池也可以与不间断电源耦合进行充放电。具体地，本申请可以通过控制AC/DC模块的输入电流和与之连接的负载的输入电流来控制蓄电池的充放电模式。当AC/DC模块的输入电流负载的输入电流时，蓄电池进入充电模式，当AC/DC模块的输入电流小于负载的输入电流时，蓄电池进入放电模式。
本申请的实施例所提供的供电系统可通过计算机程序实现。本领域技术人员应该能够理解，上述的模块划分方式仅是众多模块划分方式中的一种，如果划分为其他模块或不划分模块，只要供电系统具有上述功能，都应该在本申请的保护范围之内。
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算 机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (43)

  1. 一种供电系统，其特征在于，包括：电网输入单元、油机输入单元、自动切换开关单元、电源供电单元、控制单元，其中：
    所述电网输入单元，用于提供连接电网交流电信号的接口，且与所述自动切换控制单元连接；
    所述油机输入单元，与所述自动切换控制单元连接，用于使用油机输出交流电信号；
    所述自动切换开关单元，与所述控制单元和所述电源供电单元相连，用于按照所述控制单元的指示，当所述电网交流电接口输出交流电正常时，将所述电网输入单元和所述电源供电单元接通，将来自电网交流电信号输入给所述电源供电单元；当所述电网交流电接口输出交流电不正常时，断开所述电网输入单元和所述电源供电单元之间的连接，将所述油机输入单元和所述电源供电单元接通，将所述油机输入单元输出的交流电信号提供给所述电源供电单元；
    所述电源供电单元，用于将接收的交流电信号变换为直流电信号，使用所述直流电信号为当前负载供电；
    所述控制单元，用于监测所述电网交流电输出接口的状态，当监测到所述电网交流电接口输出交流电时，向所述自动切换开关单元发送第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示所述自动切换开关单元接通所述电网输入单元和所述电源供电单元，当监测到所述电网交流电接口未输出交流电时，向所述自动切换开关单元发送第二指示，所述第二指示用于指示所述自动切换开关单元断开所述电网输入单元和所述电源供电单元之间的连接，将所述油机输入单元和所述电源供电单元接通；监测当前负载电流、电压和当前油机功率；根据当前油机功率和当前负载功率之间的大小关系，以及当前负载的优先级等级，确定关闭预设数量的当前负载。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，还包括：电池组单元，其中：
    所述电源供电单元，还用于将所述直流电信号提供给所述电池组单元；
    所述控制单元，还用于指示所述电源供电单元控制电池组为当前负载供电；
    所述电池组单元，用于在电源供电单元控制下为当前负载供电。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的系统，其特征在于，所述电源供电单元，包括：整流模块和DC/DC模块，其中：
    所述整流模块，用于将接收的交流电信号变换为直流电信号；将直流电信号输出给所述DC/DC模块；
    所述DC/DC模块，用于对所述整流模块输入的直流电信号进行高频隔离并调整输出电压值输出给所述电池组单元和当前负载。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的系统，其特征在于，所述控制单元，还用于检测所述电池组的电流；当检测到的所述电池组电流不大于预设电流值时，指示所述DC/DC模块为所述电池组进行高频负脉冲放电。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的系统，其特征在于，所述DC/DC模块，具体用于在接收到所述控制单元发送的为所述电池组进行高频负脉冲放电的指示后，控制与所述电池组并联的开关电路对电池组进行高频负脉冲放电。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的系统，其特征在于，所述控制单元，具体用于当所述当前油机功率大于当前负载功率时，禁止关闭当前负载，指示所述电源供电单元为所述电池组单元和所述当前负载供电；当所述当前油机功率不大于当前负载功率时，按照所述当前负载优先级从低到高的顺序，从优先级低的负载开始，关闭第一数量的当前负载；在优先级等级小于预设等级的负载全部关闭后，当所述当前油机功率不大于当前负载功率时，指示所述DC/DC模块控制电池组为当前负载供电。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述自动切换开关单元为多个单刀双掷开关。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的系统，所述系统还包括：蓄电池和交流用电设备群；
    所述交流用电设备群在所述电网交流电接口输出交流电正常时由所述电网交流电信号供电，所述油机在所述电网交流电接口输出交流电异常时开始启动，所述交流用电设备群在所述油机启动完成前由所述蓄电池供电，其特征在于，所述系统还包括：
    AC/DC转换模块，用于在所述油机启动完成后将所述油机的交流电转换为直流电输出供给所述蓄电池；
    所述交流用电设备群在所述交流用电设备群的所有当前运行负载的总需求功率大于所述油机的瞬时功率时，由所述AC/DC转换模块和蓄电池联合供电；所述交流用电设备群在所述交流用电设备群的所有当前运行负载的总需求功率不大于所述油机的瞬时功率时由所述AC/DC转换模块供电，且所述AC/DC转换模块向所述蓄电池充电。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的系统，其特征在于，所述系统还包括：
    无功补偿模块，与所述油机的输出端相连，用于在所述油机运行时调整油机所带负载的功率因数，使油机所带负载呈阻性或者弱感性。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的系统，其特征在于，所述系统还包括：
    谐波补偿模块，与所述油机的输出端相连，用于在所述油机运行时对电路中的谐波进行治理。
  11. 如权利要求8所述的系统，其特征在于，所述系统还包括：
    无功谐波补偿模块，与所述油机的输出端相连，用于在所述油机运行时对电路中的谐波进行治理并调整油机所带负载的功率因数，使油机所带负载呈阻 性或者弱感性。
  12. 如权利要求8所述的系统，其特征在于，所述交流用电设备群具有主路输入端、直流输入端和旁路输入端。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的系统，其特征在于，所述电网交流电信号与所述交流用电设备群的主路输入端连接作为主路电源；所述交流用电设备群的直流输入端与所述AC/DC转换模块和所述蓄电池连接。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的系统，其特征在于，所述油机与所述交流用电设备群的旁路输入端连接作为旁路电源。
  15. 如权利要求13所述的系统，其特征在于，所述系统还包括与所述交流用电设备群的旁路输入端连接的ATS切换模块；所述ATS切换模块用于在电网交流电接口输出交流电正常时将电网交流电信号接入所述交流用电设备群的旁路输入端作为旁路电源，在电网交流电接口输出交流电异常时将所述油机接入所述交流用电设备群的旁路输入端作为旁路电源。
  16. 如权利要求8所述的系统，其特征在于，所述油机为柴油发电机或者汽油发电机。
  17. 如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述系统还包括所述油机、多个负载和至少一个蓄电池组，当所述电网交流电接口输出交流电不正常时所述多个负载由所述油机供电；
    当所述电网交流电接口输出交流电不正常时，所述电源供电单元具体为AC/DC装置；
    所述AC/DC装置包括：
    至少一个AC/DC模块，与所述多个负载中至少一个负载以及所述至少一 个蓄电池组对应配置，其中每个AC/DC模块用于将所述油机输出的交流电转换为直流电，与蓄电池组联合为对应的负载供电；
    监控模块，与所述AC/DC模块相连，用于检测所述油机的总输出电流，并根据所述油机的总输出电流发送指令控制所述至少一个AC/DC模块的输入功率，使所述油机的总输出功率不高于预设功率。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的系统，其特征在于，所述监控模块用于在系统启动时检测所述油机的总输出电流，在小于设定值时发送指令启动所述至少一个AC/DC模块，在不小于设定值时继续检测并判断是否小于设定值。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的系统，其特征在于，所述监控模块还用于在发送指令启动所述至少一个AC/DC模块后控制所述至少一个AC/DC模块使所述油机的总输出电流逐步增大，并不断检测所述油机的总输出电流是否小于设定值，是则发送指令给所述至少一个AC/DC模块逐步增大其输入功率，使所述油机的总输出电流增大；否则发送指令给所述至少一个AC/DC模块逐步减小其输入功率，使所述油机的总输出电流减小。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的系统，其特征在于，所述监控模块在发送指令启动所述至少一个AC/DC模块后，检测所述至少一个蓄电池组的剩余电量，并从低到高依次排序，选择剩余电量最低的一个或多个蓄电池组，增大与该一个或多个蓄电池组相连的AC/DC模块的输入功率。
  21. 如权利要求19所述的系统，其特征在于，所述监控模块在发送指令启动所述至少一个AC/DC模块后，根据所述至少一个AC/DC模块中每个AC/DC模块连接的负载的优先级分配输入功率。
  22. 如权利要求17至21任一项所述的系统，其特征在于，所述AC/DC 模块具体包括：
    AC/DC转换单元，用于将所述油机输出的交流电转换为直流电；
    电量计算单元，用于检测与之连接的蓄电池组的剩余电量，并发送给所述监控模块；
    充电控制单元，用于对与之连接的蓄电池组的进行充放电控制。
  23. 如权利要求22所述的系统，其特征在于，所述AC/DC模块还包括续航能力计算单元，用于计算与之连接的蓄电池组的续航时间，并发送给所述监控模块。
  24. 如权利要求22所述的系统，其特征在于，所述AC/DC模块在输出突加负载时，输入的最大瞬时输入功率不超过输出负载的K倍，且1<K<3。
  25. 如权利要求22所述的系统，其特征在于，所述AC/DC模块在输入电压异常系统关机后，当输入电压恢复正常时自动启动恢复供电。
  26. 如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述系统为柔性供电系统，还包括所述油机以及多个负载，当所述电网交流电接口输出交流电不正常时所述多个负载由所述油机供电；所述多个负载包括第一负载群和第二负载群，所述系统还包括为所述第二负载群中每个负载对应配置的AC/DC模块和储能模块，所述AC/DC模块用于将所述油机输出的交流电转换为直流电；
    所述系统还包括控制模块，用于在判断所述油机的总输出功率达到预设功率时，控制所述第二负载群中AC/DC模块与所述储能模块联合为对应的负载供电，以控制所述油机的总输出功率不高于额定功率；并在判断所述油机的总输出功率低于所述预设功率时，增大所述第二负载群的输入功率，控制所述AC/DC模块在向对应的负载供电的同时为所述储能模块储存能量。
  27. 如权利要求26所述的系统，其特征在于，所述控制模块通过检测所述油机的总输出电流对所述油机的输出功率进行判断，在所述总输出电流达到预设电流时判断所述油机的输出功率达到预设功率，在所述总输出电流小于所述预设电流时判断所述油机的输出功率低于预设功率。
  28. 如权利要求26所述的系统，其特征在于，所述储能模块为蓄电池。
  29. 如权利要求28所述的系统，其特征在于，所述第二负载群中负载为不间断电源及与之连接的刚性用电设备。
  30. 如权利要求29所述的系统，其特征在于，所述不间断电源具有主路输入端、旁路输入端和直流输入端。
  31. 如权利要求30所述的系统，其特征在于，所述不间断电源的旁路输入端通过第一开关与所述油机的输出端耦合。
  32. 如权利要求30或31所述的系统，其特征在于，所述不间断电源的主路输入端通过第二开关与所述电网交流电信号的接口耦合。
  33. 如权利要求30所述的系统，其特征在于，所述主路输入端为三相、双相或单相系统；所述旁路输入端为三相、双相或单相系统。
  34. 如权利要求29所述的系统，其特征在于，所述蓄电池与对应的AC/DC模块耦合进行充放电；或者所述蓄电池与对应的AC/DC模块的输出母线耦合进行充放电。
  35. 如权利要求29所述的系统，其特征在于，所述蓄电池与所述AC/DC模块耦合进行充放电，且所述蓄电池与所述不间断电源耦合进行充放电。
  36. 一种供电方法，其特征在于，包括：
    当油机启动进行供电时，将油机提供的交流电变换为直流电；
    监测当前负载电流和当前油机功率；
    当所述当前油机功率大于当前负载功率时，使用所述直流电为电池组和当前负载供电；
    当所述当前油机功率不大于当前负载功率时，按照所述当前负载优先级从低到高的顺序，从优先级低的待供电负载开始，关闭第一数量的供电负载；
    在优先级等级小于预设等级的供电负载全部关闭后，当所述当前油机功率不大于当前负载功率时，控制电池组为当前负载供电。
  37. 如权利要求36所述的供电方法，其特征在于，在油机启动进行供电之前，还包括：
    监测电网输入单元的工作状态；
    确定所述电网输入单元停止供电。
  38. 如权利要求36所述的供电方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    检测所述电池组的电流；
    当检测到的所述电池组电流不大于预设电流值时，控制所述电池组进行负脉冲放电。
  39. 根据权利要求36所述的供电方法，其特征在于，应用于供电系统，所述供电系统包括所述油机以及由所述油机供电的多个负载，所述供电系统还包括为所述多个负载中至少一个负载对应配置的至少一个蓄电池组和至少一个AC/DC模块，其中每个AC/DC模块用于将所述油机输出的交流电转换为直流电，与蓄电池组联合为对应的负载供电；
    所述供电方法还包括控制方法；
    所述控制方法包括以下步骤：检测所述油机的总输出电流，并根据所述油机的总输出电流发送指令控制所述至少一个AC/DC模块的输入功率，使所述 油机的总输出功率不高于预设功率。
  40. 如权利要求39所述的供电方法，其特征在于，所述控制方法具体包括以下步骤：
    在系统启动时检测所述油机的总输出电流，在小于设定值时发送指令启动所述至少一个AC/DC模块，在不小于设定值时继续检测并判断是否小于设定值。
  41. 如权利要求40所述的供电方法，其特征在于，所述控制方法还包括以下步骤：
    在发送指令启动所述至少一个AC/DC模块后，控制所述至少一个AC/DC模块使所述油机的总输出电流逐步增大，并不断检测所述油机的总输出电流是否小于设定值，是则发送指令给所述至少一个AC/DC模块逐步增大其输入功率，使所述油机的总输出电流，否则发送指令给所述至少一个AC/DC模块逐步减小其输入功率，使所述油机的总输出电流减小。
  42. 如权利要求41所述的供电方法，其特征在于，所述控制方法还包括以下步骤：在发送指令启动所述至少一个AC/DC模块后，检测所述至少一个蓄电池组的剩余电量，并从低到高依次排序，选择剩余电量最低的一个或多个蓄电池组，增大与该一个或多个蓄电池组相连的AC/DC模块的输入功率。
  43. 如权利要求41所述的供电方法，其特征在于，所述控制方法还包括以下步骤：在发送指令启动所述至少一个AC/DC模块后，根据所述至少一个AC/DC模块中每个AC/DC模块连接的负载的优先级分配输入功率。
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