WO2016027756A1 - Surgical absorbent article, detection device, and detection method - Google Patents

Surgical absorbent article, detection device, and detection method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016027756A1
WO2016027756A1 PCT/JP2015/073001 JP2015073001W WO2016027756A1 WO 2016027756 A1 WO2016027756 A1 WO 2016027756A1 JP 2015073001 W JP2015073001 W JP 2015073001W WO 2016027756 A1 WO2016027756 A1 WO 2016027756A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal
absorbent article
detection
sensor unit
phase difference
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PCT/JP2015/073001
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
弘美 西村
顕成 檜
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弘美 西村
顕成 檜
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Application filed by 弘美 西村, 顕成 檜 filed Critical 弘美 西村
Publication of WO2016027756A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016027756A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an absorbent article for surgery capable of absorbing bodily fluids and the like, and a detection device and a detection method capable of detecting the absorbent article for surgery, and more specifically, can be easily detected and remain in the body.
  • the present invention relates to an absorbent article for surgery, a detection device, and a detection method.
  • Surgery uses a large amount of surgical absorbent articles such as gauze, but the surgical absorbent articles absorb blood, making it difficult to identify, or being sandwiched between organs. There is a possibility that mistakes will be made. Usually, the number of surgical absorbent articles is counted before and after surgery to prevent misplacement, but it is very labor intensive and is not reliable.
  • Patent Document 1 an X-contrast thread is woven into a surgical gauze so that even if the gauze is left behind, it can be detected by X-ray imaging.
  • Patent Document 2 information such as the position of a medical instrument is detected in a non-contact manner by attaching an RFID tag to a medical instrument such as a surgical gauze.
  • a medical instrument such as a surgical gauze.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a surgical absorbent article, a detection apparatus, and a detection that can be easily detected and can avoid a significant cost increase. Is to provide a method.
  • the present invention relates to a first invention relating to a surgical absorbent article, a second invention relating to a detection device for detecting a surgical absorbent article, a third invention relating to a detection method for detecting a surgical absorbent article, and a third invention. 4 inventions.
  • a first invention is an absorbent article for surgery capable of absorbing bodily fluids, etc., comprising an article body having absorbency, and a thin wire electric conductor attached to the article body and capable of bending deformation,
  • the electric conductor is characterized by having an annular portion.
  • “Bendable” means that the article body has a flexibility that can be deformed following the bending or twisting of the article body.
  • the annular portion refers to a shape in which one or two or more closed electrically connected spaces are formed by an electric conductor, and has a structure in which an overcurrent flows due to external ground fluctuations.
  • the electric conductor may be disposed along an edge of the article main body.
  • the term "along the edge of the article main body" includes not only those provided along the edges but also those provided along the vicinity of the edges.
  • a second invention is a detection device for a surgical absorbent article capable of absorbing bodily fluids, etc., wherein the surgical absorbent article is attached to the absorbent article main body and attached to the article main body and can be bent and deformed.
  • An electric conductor having an annular portion of a thin wire, an oscillation unit that outputs an excitation signal, a sensor unit that includes an excitation coil that inputs the excitation signal and a detection coil that outputs a detection signal, and the sensor Detecting the amplitude of the signal from the unit, outputting the amplitude signal, detecting the phase difference between the signal from the sensor unit and the excitation signal, and outputting the phase difference signal; and the amplitude signal or A signal processing unit for determining whether or not the surgical absorbent article exists in the vicinity based on the phase difference signal.
  • a third invention is a method for detecting an absorbent article for surgery capable of absorbing bodily fluids, etc., wherein the absorbent article for surgery is attached to the article body having an absorbency, and can be bent and deformed.
  • An electric conductor having an annular portion of a thin wire, an oscillation unit that outputs an excitation signal, a sensor unit that includes an excitation coil that inputs the excitation signal and a detection coil that outputs a detection signal, and the sensor Detecting the amplitude of the signal from the unit, outputting the amplitude signal, detecting the phase difference between the signal from the sensor unit and the excitation signal, and outputting the phase difference signal; and the amplitude signal or A signal processing unit that determines whether or not the surgical absorbent article is present in the vicinity based on the phase difference signal, and a relative relationship between the surgical absorbent article and the sensor unit. Change position Is allowed, the signal processing unit, wherein the amplitude signal or the absorbent article for the surgery based on the phase difference signal to determine whether present in
  • a fourth invention is a method for detecting an absorbent article for surgery capable of absorbing bodily fluids, etc., wherein the absorbent article for surgery is attached to the article body, and is attached to the article body and bendable.
  • An electric conductor having an annular portion of a thin wire, an oscillation unit that outputs an excitation signal, a sensor unit that includes an excitation coil that inputs the excitation signal and a detection coil that outputs a detection signal, and the sensor Detecting the amplitude of the signal from the unit, outputting the amplitude signal, detecting the phase difference between the signal from the sensor unit and the excitation signal, and outputting the phase difference signal; and the amplitude signal or And a signal processing unit that determines whether or not the surgical absorbent article exists in the vicinity based on the phase difference signal, and the amplitude signal or the phase difference signal before and after surgery. Constant, and the signal processing section is characterized by determining whether the amplitude signal or difference absorbent articles for the surgery based on the phase difference signal before and after
  • the present invention it is possible to provide an inexpensive surgical absorbent article, a detection apparatus, and a detection method that can be easily detected without using a special apparatus such as X-ray imaging.
  • the figure which shows one embodiment of the absorbent article for surgery The figure which shows the other embodiment of the absorbent article for surgery.
  • Device configuration diagram of the detection device The figure explaining the 1st structural example of a sensor part.
  • the figure explaining the 1st detection method The figure explaining the 2nd detection method Graph showing plate shape and detection distance of annular part Graph showing the relationship between the number of annular parts and the detection distance Graph showing detection distance for each material of electrical conductor Graph showing the relationship between the number of turns of the annular part and the detection distance
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the surgical absorbent article 1 of the present invention.
  • the absorbent article for surgery 1 includes an absorbent article main body 11 and an electric conductor 12 attached to the article main body 11.
  • the article body 11 can be made of either woven fabric or non-woven fabric. In this embodiment, a gauze in which warp and weft are plain woven is used as the article body 11.
  • the electric conductor 12 a thin wire capable of bending deformation such as a silver wire or a copper wire can be used.
  • the electric conductor 12 is provided along the edge 11 ⁇ / b> A of the article body 11 and forms an annular portion 13 as a whole. In the annular portion 13, one end and the other end of the electric conductor 12 are in contact with each other and are electrically connected.
  • the annular portion 13 may be circular or polygonal as long as it forms a closed space by the electric conductor 12.
  • the electrical conductor 12 may form the annular portion 13 by a single thin wire, or may form a stranded wire by a plurality of fine wires and constitute the annular portion 13 by this stranded wire. Good. By using a stranded wire, even if a part of the fine wire constituting the stranded wire is cut, it can be kept electrically connected by another fine wire, and the characteristics of overcurrent generation can be maintained.
  • the electric conductor 12 can be fixed to the article main body 11 by weaving in the warp or weft of the gauze. It can also be sandwiched and fixed between two sheets of gauze. Moreover, when using a nonwoven fabric for the article main body 11, the electric conductor 12 can be fixed in the process of making the nonwoven fabric, or can be fixed by pressure bonding to the nonwoven fabric. The electric conductor 12 may be partially fixed to the article body 11.
  • the upper limit of the area of the annular portion 13 is determined depending on the area of the article main body 11.
  • the electrical conductor 12 uses a single thin wire or a stranded wire bundled with the thin wires, the original flexibility and absorbability of the surgical absorbent article 1 are impaired. There is nothing.
  • the annular portion 13 formed by the electric conductor 12 may be two or more.
  • FIG. 2A shows a plurality of independent annular portions 13 formed. That is, when the article main body 11 is flattened as illustrated, the adjacent annular portions 13 are independent without contacting each other.
  • FIG. 2B a part of the adjacent annular portions 13 are in contact with each other. That is, in this article body 11, a plurality of electrical conductors 12 are arranged in parallel to the warp and the weft, and the electrical conductor 12 extending in the longitudinal direction and the electrical conductor 12 extending in the lateral direction are overlapped with each other. Part 13 is formed. In this case, the electrical conductors 12 that overlap each other can be fixed to the article body 11 by pressure bonding.
  • the electrical conductor 12 may form the annular portion 13 at the edge 11A of the article main body 11 so as to also prevent warp or weft fraying. Generally, when gauze is used, warp yarn or weft yarn is bent using a warp yarn so that the break is not unraveled. By bending, the annular portion 13 can be formed along the edge 11A.
  • the electrical conductor 12 is preferably a stranded wire.
  • the electric conductor 12 can be securely fixed to the article main body 11 by crimping the overlapping portion so that the electric conductors 12 overlap each other at the beginning and end of the overburden. It is also possible to perform pressure bonding or the like at portions other than the beginning and end of over-curving.
  • the electrical conductor 12 can be coated with a coating material considering biocompatibility.
  • a coating material considering biocompatibility.
  • a liquid-impermeable polyurethane resin or the like can be used.
  • FIG. 3 is a device configuration diagram of the detection device 2.
  • the detection device 2 includes an oscillation unit 21, a sensor unit 22, a filter unit 23, a first amplification unit 24, a signal detection unit 25, a sensor position detection unit 26, a second amplification unit 27, a signal processing unit 28, and a processing result output unit 29. Etc.
  • the oscillation unit 21 oscillates a sine wave signal (an AC signal having a constant oscillation frequency) and outputs an excitation signal to the excitation coil of the sensor unit 22.
  • the oscillating unit 21 may oscillate a rectangular wave signal instead of the sine wave signal.
  • the sensor unit 22 includes an excitation coil that inputs an excitation signal transmitted from the oscillation unit 21, and a detection coil that detects the absorbent article for surgery 1 and outputs a detection signal to the filter unit 23. Only one sensor unit 22 may be provided for one detection device 2 or a plurality of sensor units 22 may be provided.
  • the electrical conduction is caused by the influence of the magnetic field fluctuation generated from the excitation coil.
  • An eddy current that generates a magnetic force in a direction to cancel the magnetic field flow flows through the annular portion 13 of the body 12 (Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction).
  • the magnetic field fluctuation generated in the detection coil becomes small, and the signal output from the detection coil becomes small.
  • the sensor unit 22 detects the surgical absorbent article 1 to be detected by detecting the change in the magnetic field fluctuation.
  • the sensor unit 22 can detect any type of ferromagnetic material, paramagnetic material, and diamagnetic material.
  • a ferromagnetic material for example, when the relative permeability is much larger than 1, such as iron or permalloy, the magnetic flux generated by the exciting coil is focused, which is superior to the influence of the eddy current, and is applied to the detection coil.
  • the resulting signal is larger. That is, the characteristics of the signal change of the detection coil when an eddy current is generated in the annular portion 13 due to the magnetic field fluctuation generated in the excitation coil, and the detection coil when the iron or permalloy having a relative permeability much larger than 1 is detected.
  • the direction of the signal change is in the opposite direction.
  • an operating table frame (mainly stainless steel).
  • silver, copper, or the like having a low electrical resistivity for the electrical conductor 12 of the surgical absorbent article 1. This makes it possible to detect the surgical absorbent article 1 with high accuracy even when a metal object is present around the patient.
  • the filter unit 23 includes a band pass filter (band bus filter) that allows only the oscillation frequency in the oscillation unit 21 to pass.
  • band pass filter band bus filter
  • various electromagnetic waves emitted from an electric device using a general power source are also detected. These electromagnetic waves become noise in the detection device 2 that detects the surgical absorbent article 1. Therefore, using the difference between this noise and the oscillation frequency input to the excitation coil of the sensor unit 22, the filter unit 23 cuts the noise and passes only a signal that matches the oscillation frequency.
  • the first amplification unit 24 amplifies the signal output from the filter unit 23 and outputs the amplified signal to the signal detection unit 25.
  • the signal detection unit 25 includes an amplitude detection circuit and a phase difference detection circuit.
  • the amplitude detection circuit the amplitude of the signal output from the first amplifying unit 24 is detected by the rectifier circuit, and the amplitude signal is output.
  • the phase difference detection circuit detects the phase difference between the signal output from the first amplification unit 24 and the signal output from the oscillation unit 21 by the rectifier circuit, and outputs a phase difference signal.
  • the sensor position detection unit 26 detects the installation position of the sensor unit 22 when one sensor unit 22 or a plurality of sensor units 22 are arranged one-dimensionally and two-dimensional mapping is performed. Two-dimensional mapping means that the detection signal output from the sensor unit 22 is associated with the detection position and imaged.
  • the sensor position detection unit 26 stores the installation position of each sensor unit 22 and associates each sensor unit 22 with a signal output from each sensor unit 22. 22 installation positions are output.
  • the sensor position detection unit 26 When the sensor unit 22 is used while being moved, the sensor position detection unit 26 includes an acceleration sensor and the like, calculates a relative position with respect to the movement start position based on the movement direction and the movement distance of the sensor unit 22, and The installation position of each sensor unit 22 is output in association with the output signal.
  • the second amplification unit 27 amplifies the amplitude signal and the phase difference signal output from the signal detection unit 25.
  • the amplitude signal increases.
  • the phase difference signal changes when an object having a high relative permeability (a metal object existing around the patient) approaches the sensor unit 22 and an object that generates eddy currents in the sensor unit 22 (material of the electric conductor 12).
  • the change when the electrical resistivity is small is in the opposite direction.
  • the detection device 2 distinguishes the surgical absorbent article 1 from other objects based on the amplitude signal and the phase difference signal having these characteristics.
  • the signal processing unit 28 includes an AD conversion circuit, a computer, and the like, and determines whether or not the surgical absorbent article 1 exists in the vicinity based on the amplitude signal or the phase difference signal.
  • the AD conversion circuit receives a signal from the second amplification unit 27 and outputs the signal to the computer.
  • the computer inputs a signal from the AD conversion circuit, performs a predetermined measurement process, and outputs the signal to the processing result output unit 29.
  • the AD converter circuit analog-digital converts the amplitude signal and the phase difference signal output from the second amplification unit 27.
  • the computer processes digital data input from a processing result output unit or an AD conversion circuit.
  • the computer outputs the measurement result of the amplitude signal and the phase difference signal to the processing result output unit 29.
  • the computer outputs an alarm output instruction signal to the processing result output unit 29.
  • the processing result output unit 29 includes a measurement result display circuit, an alarm output circuit, and the like.
  • the measurement result display circuit displays the measurement results of the amplitude signal and the phase difference signal output from the computer.
  • an alarm output instruction signal is output from the computer, the alarm output circuit issues an alarm with light or sound.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a first configuration example of the sensor unit 22.
  • one annular excitation coil 31 and two annular detection coils 32 and 33 are provided in the sensor unit 22a of the first configuration example.
  • the detection coils 32 and 33 are provided inside the excitation coil 31.
  • the detection coils 32 and 33 are not located on the same axis but are located on substantially the same plane. In other words, part of the outer peripheral surfaces of the detection coils 32 and 33 face each other.
  • the exciting coil 31 and the detection coils 32 and 33 are wound by a predetermined number of turns.
  • the detection coils 32 and 33 have substantially the same number of turns, axial length, and cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axial direction.
  • FIG. 4B shows an equivalent circuit of the first configuration example. As shown in FIG. 4B, the winding direction of the detection coil 32 and the winding direction of the detection coil 33 are opposite.
  • the winding direction of the exciting coil 31 may be any direction.
  • the output signals of the detection coils 32 and 33 are adjusted so as to be balanced when the electric conductor 12 to be detected does not exist in the vicinity of the sensor unit 22. Since the winding direction of the detection coil 32 and the winding direction of the detection coil 33 are opposite, the output signals of the detection coils 32 and 33 cancel each other and are output to the filter unit 23 in a balanced state. The amplitude and phase difference are substantially zero. In this state, when the sensor unit 22 approaches the electric conductor 12 to be detected, the balance of the detection coils 32 and 33 is lost, and the amplitude of the signal output to the filter unit 23 increases. At this time, the phase of the signal output to the filter unit 23 also changes. The sensor unit 22a detects the electric conductor 12 to be detected based on the change in amplitude and phase.
  • the two detection coils 32 and 33 are provided on the same plane.
  • the excitation coil 31 and the detection coils 32 and 33 may not be provided on the same plane.
  • the sensor unit 22a of the first configuration example has a relatively large size in structure. Therefore, it is suitable when the absorbent article 1 for surgery is detected by one sensor part 22a.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a second configuration example of the sensor unit 22 and is a perspective view in which a part is cut.
  • one ferrite core 41 in the sensor unit 22b of the second configuration example, one ferrite core 41, one annular excitation coil 42, and two annular detection coils 43 and 44 are provided.
  • the ferrite core 41 is a rod having a longitudinal direction.
  • the two annular detection coils 43 and 44 are located on the outer peripheral side of the ferrite core 41, are spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of the ferrite core 41, and are coaxially located.
  • the excitation coil 42 is located on the outer peripheral side of the detection coils 43 and 44.
  • the cross sections of the excitation coil 42 and the detection coils 43 and 44 are shown by oblique lines, but in actuality, a predetermined number of windings are wound.
  • the detection coils 43 and 44 have substantially the same number of turns, axial length, and cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axial direction.
  • FIG. 5B shows an equivalent circuit of the second configuration example. As shown in FIG. 5B, the winding direction of the detection coil 43 and the winding direction of the detection coil 44 are opposite.
  • the winding direction of the exciting coil 42 may be any direction.
  • the output signals of the detection coils 43 and 44 are adjusted so as to be in a balanced state when the electric conductor 12 to be detected does not exist in the vicinity of the sensor unit 22.
  • the sensor unit 22a can detect the electrical conductor 12 to be detected based on the change in the amplitude and the phase.
  • the size can be reduced due to the structure. Therefore, it is suitable for the case where the absorbent article for surgery 1 is detected by the plurality of sensor portions 22b.
  • the excitation coil 42 may be shared, and a plurality of ferrite cores 41 and detection coils 43 and 44 may be provided inside one excitation coil 42.
  • the detection apparatus 2 of the present invention it is possible to accurately detect the surgical absorbent article 1 without being affected by geomagnetism or commercial power.
  • the surgical absorbent article 1 is detected by moving the patient after the operation.
  • the sensor unit 22 of the detection device 2 is fixed to the bottom plate 51 of the operating table 5.
  • the sensor unit 22 is installed inside the base unit 53 of the operating table 5.
  • the cross-sectional area in the horizontal direction X of the sensor unit 22 (if there are a plurality of areas, the combined area of the cross-sectional areas in the horizontal direction X of the plurality of sensor units 22) is wider than the surgical site.
  • the bed 52 of the operating table 5 is slidable in the horizontal direction X.
  • the operating table 5 has a metal frame, or a metal device is installed around the operating table 5.
  • the detection device 2 is activated in a state where the patient is placed on the bed 52 after the operation, and the bed 52 is slid in the horizontal direction X. Therefore, when the surgical absorbent article 1 exists in the patient's body, the relative position between the electrical conductor 12 and the sensor unit 22 changes. Then, the signal processing unit 28 of the detection device 2 compares the amplitude signal or the phase difference signal with a preset threshold value. This makes it possible to detect whether or not the surgical absorbent article 1 remains in the patient's body. On the other hand, since the relative position between the metal frame of the operating table 5 or other metal device and the sensor unit 22 does not change, there is no influence on the amplitude signal and the phase difference signal. Therefore, according to the first detection method, the metal frame of the operating table 5 and the surrounding metal device are not erroneously detected as the surgical absorbent article 1, and the surgical absorbent article 1 can be accurately detected. Can be detected.
  • the bed 52 of the operating table 5 is slid in the horizontal direction X, but detection can also be performed when the patient is transferred from the operating table 5 to a stretcher or the like after the operation.
  • detection can also be performed when the patient is transferred from the operating table 5 to a stretcher or the like after the operation.
  • the patient is transferred from the operating table 5 to a stretcher or the like, since the relative position of the patient and the sensor unit 22 changes, it is possible to detect the residual surgical absorbent article 1 as described above. .
  • 2nd detection method detects the absorbent article 1 for a surgery by moving the sensor part 22 in the upper part of a surgery site
  • the patient is transferred to a non-metallic bed 6 made of wood or resin, and the sensor unit 22 is moved in the horizontal direction X above the surgical site.
  • the cross-sectional area in the horizontal direction X of the sensor unit 22 may be narrower than the surgical site, but the range in which the sensor unit 22 is moved is wider than the surgical site. This makes it possible to detect the remaining surgical absorbent article 1 as in the first detection method.
  • the surgical absorbent article 1 can be detected with high accuracy.
  • 3rd detection method detects the absorbent article 1 for a surgery by moving the sensor part 22 in the upper part of a surgery site
  • one sensor unit 22 or a plurality of sensor units 22 may be used.
  • the one-dimensional array sensor Before the operation, the one-dimensional array sensor is moved in the horizontal direction X so as to cover the entire operation site above the operation site, and the signal processing unit 28 stores the position of each sensor unit 22 and the magnitude of the amplitude signal. After the operation, the one-dimensional array sensor is moved from the same start position as before the operation to the same end position in the same direction as before the operation at the upper part of the operation site, and the signal processing unit 28 determines the position of each sensor unit 22 and the magnitude of the amplitude signal.
  • the signal processing part 28 determines with the absorbent article 1 for a surgery being in a patient's body, when the difference of the amplitude signal before and behind an operation exceeds a threshold value in any position.
  • the same determination can be made by moving the sensor unit 22 so as to cover the entire surgical site.
  • the same determination can be made by moving the sensor unit 22 so as to cover the entire surgical site. Further, when the two-dimensional array sensor is wider than the surgical site, the same determination can be made without moving the two-dimensional array sensor.
  • the magnitudes of the amplitude signal and the phase difference signal are associated with the detection position. Therefore, the signal processing unit 28 may perform two-dimensional mapping on the magnitudes of the amplitude signal and the phase difference signal, and the processing result output unit 29 may display the image data.
  • the metal frame of the operating table 5 or the surrounding metal device can be clearly distinguished from the surgical absorbent article 1, and the surgical absorbent article 1 can be detected more reliably. . Moreover, it becomes possible to specify the presence position of the absorbent article 1 for surgery.
  • the absorbent article for surgery 1 is detected by moving the sensor unit 22 in the vicinity of the surgical site during or after surgery.
  • one small sensor unit 22 is used.
  • the sensor unit 22b of the second configuration example shown in FIG. 5 can be downsized. This makes it possible to detect the remaining surgical absorbent article 1 as in the first detection method.
  • the distance between the sensor unit 22 and the metal frame of the operating table 5 and the surrounding metal device is relatively larger than the distance between the sensor unit 22 and the surgical site. It will be far away. Therefore, it is difficult to be affected by the metal frame of the operating table 5 and surrounding metal devices, and the surgical absorbent article 1 can be detected with high accuracy.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph showing the plate shape and the detection distance of the annular portion.
  • Graph A shows the relationship between the length of one side of the square and the detection distance for a copper wire (wire diameter 0.5 mm) forming a square annular portion.
  • Graph B shows the relationship between the length of one side of the square and the detection distance for a copper plate (thickness 0.5 mm) having a square plate shape.
  • FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of annular portions and the detection distance.
  • FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the number of annular portions made of copper wire having a wire diameter of 0.45 mm and the detection distance inside a square having a side of 5 cm.
  • the detection distance becomes shorter as the number of annular portions increases. From this result, it can be seen that it is desirable that the number of annular portions as the electric conductor 12 provided in the surgical absorbent article 1 of the present invention is smaller. However, when there is one annular part, detection becomes difficult if one is broken. Therefore, as a countermeasure against disconnection, the surgical absorbent article 1 according to the present invention may be provided with four or sixteen annular portions having a relatively long detection distance.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph showing the detection distance for each material of the electrical conductor.
  • copper having a wire diameter of 0.3 mm copper having a wire diameter of 0.5 mm, silver having a wire diameter of 0.3 mm, silver having a wire diameter of 0.5 mm, iron having a wire diameter of 0.55 mm (SS400), and a wire, respectively.
  • the relationship between the diameter of a circular annular part made of stainless steel (SUS304) having a diameter of 0.55 mm and the detection distance is shown.
  • the longer the diameter of the annular portion the longer the detection distance.
  • the longer the diameter of the annular portion the longer the wire length of the electric conductor 12, and the electric resistance increases in proportion to the wire length of the electric conductor 12. Therefore, the relationship between the diameter of the annular portion and the detection distance is not a linear relationship, and even if the diameter of the annular portion is increased more than necessary, an increase in the detection distance cannot be expected.
  • the material of the electric conductor 12 is more preferably silver or copper than iron (SS400) or stainless steel (SUS304). This is presumably because silver and copper have extremely low electrical resistivity compared to iron (SS400) and stainless steel (SUS304). Moreover, since silver and copper have substantially the same electrical resistivity, the detection distance is also substantially the same.
  • FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of turns of the annular portion and the detection distance.
  • FIG. 11 shows the relationship between the number of turns and the detection distance of a circular annular portion with a diameter of 30 mm made of a copper wire with a diameter of 0.5 mm.
  • the greater the number of turns of the annular portion the longer the detection distance.
  • the greater the number of turns of the annular portion the longer the wire length of the electric conductor 12, and the electric resistance increases in proportion to the wire length of the electric conductor 12. Therefore, the relationship between the number of turns of the annular portion and the detection distance is not a linear relationship, and even if the number of turns of the annular portion is increased more than necessary, an increase in the detection distance cannot be expected.
  • the detection distance can be increased while suppressing an increase in electrical resistance. This is the same effect as increasing the wire diameter in terms of detection distance.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

Provided are a surgical absorbent article which is easily detectable and in which a significant increase in cost can be circumvented, a detection device, and a detection method. A surgical absorbent article (1) is provided with an article body (11) having absorbent properties, and an electrical inductor (12) attached to the article body (11). A bending-deformable fine wire such as a silver wire or copper wire having a wire diameter of approximately 0.4-1.0 mm can be used as the electrical inductor (12). The electrical inductor (12) is provided along an edge (11A) of the article body (11) and forms an annular section (13) overall. In the annular section (13), one end and the other end of the electrical inductor (12) are in contact with each other and electrically connected.

Description

手術用吸収性物品、検出装置および検出方法Absorbent article for surgery, detection apparatus and detection method
　本発明は、体液等を吸収可能な手術用吸収性物品ならびにこの手術用吸収性物品を検出可能な検出装置および検出方法であって、より詳細には、簡易に検出可能であり体内への残留を防止することができる手術用吸収性物品、検出装置および検出方法に関する。 The present invention relates to an absorbent article for surgery capable of absorbing bodily fluids and the like, and a detection device and a detection method capable of detecting the absorbent article for surgery, and more specifically, can be easily detected and remain in the body. The present invention relates to an absorbent article for surgery, a detection device, and a detection method.
　外科手術には、大量のガーゼ等の手術用吸収性物品が用いられるが、手術用吸収性物品は、血液を吸収して識別が困難になったり、臓器の間に挟まったりして患者の体内に置き忘れるというミスが発生する可能性がある。通常、手術の前後で手術用吸収性物品の枚数を数えて、置き忘れが生じないようにしているが、非常に労力がかかる上、確実性がない。 Surgery uses a large amount of surgical absorbent articles such as gauze, but the surgical absorbent articles absorb blood, making it difficult to identify, or being sandwiched between organs. There is a possibility that mistakes will be made. Usually, the number of surgical absorbent articles is counted before and after surgery to prevent misplacement, but it is very labor intensive and is not reliable.
　そこで、特許文献１では、Ｘ造影糸を手術用ガーゼに織り込むことによって、ガーゼの置き忘れがあった場合であっても、Ｘ線撮影をすることによって、これを検出可能にしている。 Therefore, in Patent Document 1, an X-contrast thread is woven into a surgical gauze so that even if the gauze is left behind, it can be detected by X-ray imaging.
　特許文献２では、手術用ガーゼ等の医療器具にＲＦＩＤタグを取付けることによって、非接触で医療器具の位置等の情報を検出している。ＲＦＩＤタグを用いることで、患者をＸ線撮影することなく手術用ガーゼの検出が可能である。 In Patent Document 2, information such as the position of a medical instrument is detected in a non-contact manner by attaching an RFID tag to a medical instrument such as a surgical gauze. By using the RFID tag, it is possible to detect the surgical gauze without X-raying the patient.
特開２００７－３３０４２５号公報JP 2007-330425 A 特開２００５－１０２８０３号公報JP 2005-102803 A
　しかし、特許文献１のようにＸ造影糸を手術用ガーゼに織り込んだ場合、これを検出するために患者のＸ線撮影が必要となるから、これに適さない患者には使用することができない。また、多くの場合、閉創後にＸ線撮影がされるから、仮にガーゼの置き忘れがあった場合には、再び開腹しなければならなかった。さらに、Ｘ線撮影ができる設備が必要となり、これを備えていない施設では利用することができない。 However, when the X-contrast thread is woven into the surgical gauze as in Patent Document 1, X-ray imaging of the patient is necessary to detect this, and thus cannot be used for patients who are not suitable for this. In many cases, X-rays are taken after closing, so if the gauze is left behind, the abdomen had to be opened again. Furthermore, a facility capable of X-ray imaging is required, and it cannot be used in a facility not equipped with this.
　特許文献２のようにＲＦＩＤタグを用いた場合には、Ｘ線撮影の必要はないからこれを用いたときの問題を解消することはできるが、ＲＦＩＤタグが高価であり大量に使用される手術ガーゼに取付けた場合のコストアップが問題となる。 When an RFID tag is used as in Patent Document 2, since there is no need for X-ray imaging, the problem of using this can be solved. However, the RFID tag is expensive and used in large quantities. Cost increase when attached to gauze is a problem.
　本発明は、前述した問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とすることは、容易に検出可能であり、かつ大幅なコストアップを回避可能な手術用吸収性物品、検出装置および検出方法を提供することである。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a surgical absorbent article, a detection apparatus, and a detection that can be easily detected and can avoid a significant cost increase. Is to provide a method.
　本発明は、手術用吸収性物品に関する第１の発明と、手術用吸収性物品を検出する検出装置に関する第２の発明と、手術用吸収性物品を検出する検出方法に関する第３の発明および第４の発明と、を含む。 The present invention relates to a first invention relating to a surgical absorbent article, a second invention relating to a detection device for detecting a surgical absorbent article, a third invention relating to a detection method for detecting a surgical absorbent article, and a third invention. 4 inventions.
　第１の発明は、体液等を吸収可能な手術用吸収性物品であって、吸収性を有する物品本体と、前記物品本体に取付けられ曲げ変形可能な細線の電気伝導体と、を備え、前記電気伝導体は、環状部を有することを特徴とする。
　曲げ変形可能とは、物品本体が折り曲げられたり、捻じれたりした際、これに追従して変形できる柔軟性を有することをいう。また、環状部とは、電気伝導体によって、電気的に接続した閉じられた一つまたは二つ以上の空間を形成する形状をいい、外部の地場変動により過電流が流れる構造を持つ。 A first invention is an absorbent article for surgery capable of absorbing bodily fluids, etc., comprising an article body having absorbency, and a thin wire electric conductor attached to the article body and capable of bending deformation, The electric conductor is characterized by having an annular portion.
“Bendable” means that the article body has a flexibility that can be deformed following the bending or twisting of the article body. The annular portion refers to a shape in which one or two or more closed electrically connected spaces are formed by an electric conductor, and has a structure in which an overcurrent flows due to external ground fluctuations.
　前記電気伝導体は、前記物品本体の縁に沿って配置されてもよい。物品本体の縁に沿ってとは、縁に一致して設けられるものほか、縁の近傍に沿って設けられるものも含む。 The electric conductor may be disposed along an edge of the article main body. The term "along the edge of the article main body" includes not only those provided along the edges but also those provided along the vicinity of the edges.
　第２の発明は、体液等を吸収可能な手術用吸収性物品の検出装置であって、前記手術用吸収性物品は、吸収性を有する物品本体と、前記物品本体に取付けられ曲げ変形可能な細線の環状部を有する電気伝導体と、を備えるものであり、励磁信号を出力する発振部と、前記励磁信号を入力する励磁コイルおよび検出信号を出力する検出コイルを備えるセンサ部と、前記センサ部からの信号の振幅を検出し、振幅信号を出力するとともに、前記センサ部からの信号と前記励磁信号との位相差を検出し、位相差信号を出力する信号検出部と、前記振幅信号または前記位相差信号に基づいて、前記手術用吸収性物品が近傍に存在するか否かを判定する信号処理部と、を備えることを特徴とする。 A second invention is a detection device for a surgical absorbent article capable of absorbing bodily fluids, etc., wherein the surgical absorbent article is attached to the absorbent article main body and attached to the article main body and can be bent and deformed. An electric conductor having an annular portion of a thin wire, an oscillation unit that outputs an excitation signal, a sensor unit that includes an excitation coil that inputs the excitation signal and a detection coil that outputs a detection signal, and the sensor Detecting the amplitude of the signal from the unit, outputting the amplitude signal, detecting the phase difference between the signal from the sensor unit and the excitation signal, and outputting the phase difference signal; and the amplitude signal or A signal processing unit for determining whether or not the surgical absorbent article exists in the vicinity based on the phase difference signal.
　第３の発明は、体液等を吸収可能な手術用吸収性物品の検出方法であって、前記手術用吸収性物品は、吸収性を有する物品本体と、前記物品本体に取付けられ曲げ変形可能な細線の環状部を有する電気伝導体と、を備えるものであり、励磁信号を出力する発振部と、前記励磁信号を入力する励磁コイルおよび検出信号を出力する検出コイルを備えるセンサ部と、前記センサ部からの信号の振幅を検出し、振幅信号を出力するとともに、前記センサ部からの信号と前記励磁信号との位相差を検出し、位相差信号を出力する信号検出部と、前記振幅信号または前記位相差信号に基づいて、前記手術用吸収性物品が近傍に存在するか否かを判定する信号処理部と、を備える検出装置を用い、前記手術用吸収性物品と前記センサ部との相対位置を変化させ、前記信号処理部は前記振幅信号または前記位相差信号に基づいて前記手術用吸収性物品が近傍に存在するか否かを判定することを特徴とする。 A third invention is a method for detecting an absorbent article for surgery capable of absorbing bodily fluids, etc., wherein the absorbent article for surgery is attached to the article body having an absorbency, and can be bent and deformed. An electric conductor having an annular portion of a thin wire, an oscillation unit that outputs an excitation signal, a sensor unit that includes an excitation coil that inputs the excitation signal and a detection coil that outputs a detection signal, and the sensor Detecting the amplitude of the signal from the unit, outputting the amplitude signal, detecting the phase difference between the signal from the sensor unit and the excitation signal, and outputting the phase difference signal; and the amplitude signal or A signal processing unit that determines whether or not the surgical absorbent article is present in the vicinity based on the phase difference signal, and a relative relationship between the surgical absorbent article and the sensor unit. Change position Is allowed, the signal processing unit, wherein the amplitude signal or the absorbent article for the surgery based on the phase difference signal to determine whether present in the vicinity.
　第４の発明は、体液等を吸収可能な手術用吸収性物品の検出方法であって、前記手術用吸収性物品は、吸収性を有する物品本体と、前記物品本体に取付けられ曲げ変形可能な細線の環状部を有する電気伝導体と、を備えるものであり、励磁信号を出力する発振部と、前記励磁信号を入力する励磁コイルおよび検出信号を出力する検出コイルを備えるセンサ部と、前記センサ部からの信号の振幅を検出し、振幅信号を出力するとともに、前記センサ部からの信号と前記励磁信号との位相差を検出し、位相差信号を出力する信号検出部と、前記振幅信号または前記位相差信号に基づいて、前記手術用吸収性物品が近傍に存在するか否かを判定する信号処理部と、を備える検出装置を用い、手術前後において前記振幅信号または前記位相差信号を測定し、前記信号処理部は手術前後の前記振幅信号または前記位相差信号の差に基づいて前記手術用吸収性物品が近傍に存在するか否かを判定することを特徴とする。 A fourth invention is a method for detecting an absorbent article for surgery capable of absorbing bodily fluids, etc., wherein the absorbent article for surgery is attached to the article body, and is attached to the article body and bendable. An electric conductor having an annular portion of a thin wire, an oscillation unit that outputs an excitation signal, a sensor unit that includes an excitation coil that inputs the excitation signal and a detection coil that outputs a detection signal, and the sensor Detecting the amplitude of the signal from the unit, outputting the amplitude signal, detecting the phase difference between the signal from the sensor unit and the excitation signal, and outputting the phase difference signal; and the amplitude signal or And a signal processing unit that determines whether or not the surgical absorbent article exists in the vicinity based on the phase difference signal, and the amplitude signal or the phase difference signal before and after surgery. Constant, and the signal processing section is characterized by determining whether the amplitude signal or difference absorbent articles for the surgery based on the phase difference signal before and after surgery is present in the vicinity.
　本発明により、Ｘ線撮影等の特別な装置を用いることなく容易に検出可能であり、安価な手術用吸収性物品、検出装置および検出方法を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an inexpensive surgical absorbent article, a detection apparatus, and a detection method that can be easily detected without using a special apparatus such as X-ray imaging.
手術用吸収性物品の一実施態様を示す図The figure which shows one embodiment of the absorbent article for surgery 手術用吸収性物品の他の実施態様を示す図The figure which shows the other embodiment of the absorbent article for surgery. 検出装置の装置構成図Device configuration diagram of the detection device センサ部の第１構成例を説明する図The figure explaining the 1st structural example of a sensor part. センサ部の第２構成例を説明する図The figure explaining the 2nd structural example of a sensor part. 第１の検出方法を説明する図The figure explaining the 1st detection method 第２の検出方法を説明する図The figure explaining the 2nd detection method 板形状と環状部の検出距離を示すグラフGraph showing plate shape and detection distance of annular part 環状部の数と検出距離の関係を示すグラフGraph showing the relationship between the number of annular parts and the detection distance 電気伝導体の素材ごとの検出距離を示すグラフGraph showing detection distance for each material of electrical conductor 環状部の巻数と検出距離の関係を示すグラフGraph showing the relationship between the number of turns of the annular part and the detection distance
　図１は、この発明の手術用吸収性物品１の一実施態様を示したものである。手術用吸収性物品１は、吸収性を有する物品本体１１と、物品本体１１に取付けられた電気伝導体１２とを備える。物品本体１１は、織布または不織布のいずれかを用いることができる。この実施形態では、物品本体１１として、縦糸および横糸が平織されたガーゼを用いる。 FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the surgical absorbent article 1 of the present invention. The absorbent article for surgery 1 includes an absorbent article main body 11 and an electric conductor 12 attached to the article main body 11. The article body 11 can be made of either woven fabric or non-woven fabric. In this embodiment, a gauze in which warp and weft are plain woven is used as the article body 11.
　電気伝導体１２として、銀線や銅線などの曲げ変形可能な細線を用いることができる。電気伝導体１２は、物品本体１１の縁１１Ａに沿って設けられ、全体として環状部１３を形成する。環状部１３において、電気伝導体１２の一端と他端とが互いに接触し、電気的に通じる。環状部１３は、円形であっても、多角形であってもよく、電気伝導体１２によっての閉じられた空間を形成するものであればよい。 As the electric conductor 12, a thin wire capable of bending deformation such as a silver wire or a copper wire can be used. The electric conductor 12 is provided along the edge 11 </ b> A of the article body 11 and forms an annular portion 13 as a whole. In the annular portion 13, one end and the other end of the electric conductor 12 are in contact with each other and are electrically connected. The annular portion 13 may be circular or polygonal as long as it forms a closed space by the electric conductor 12.
　電気伝導体１２は、一本の細線によって環状部１３を形成するものであってもよいし、複数の細線で撚線を形成し、この撚線で環状部１３を構成するものであってもよい。撚線を用いることによって、撚線を構成する細線の一部が切断したとしても、他の細線で電気的に接続した維持することができ、過電流生成の特性を維持することができる。 The electrical conductor 12 may form the annular portion 13 by a single thin wire, or may form a stranded wire by a plurality of fine wires and constitute the annular portion 13 by this stranded wire. Good. By using a stranded wire, even if a part of the fine wire constituting the stranded wire is cut, it can be kept electrically connected by another fine wire, and the characteristics of overcurrent generation can be maintained.
　電気伝導体１２は、物品本体１１としてガーゼを用いる場合には、ガーゼの縦糸または横糸に織り込むことによって、物品本体１１に固定することができる。また、二枚のガーゼの間に挟み込んで固定することもできる。また、物品本体１１に不織布を用いる場合には、不織布作成の工程で電気伝導体１２を固定することもできるし、不織布に圧着することによって固定することもできる。また、電気伝導体１２は、部分的に物品本体１１に固定されていてもよい。 When the gauze is used as the article main body 11, the electric conductor 12 can be fixed to the article main body 11 by weaving in the warp or weft of the gauze. It can also be sandwiched and fixed between two sheets of gauze. Moreover, when using a nonwoven fabric for the article main body 11, the electric conductor 12 can be fixed in the process of making the nonwoven fabric, or can be fixed by pressure bonding to the nonwoven fabric. The electric conductor 12 may be partially fixed to the article body 11.
　環状部１３の面積の上限は、物品本体１１の面積に依存して決定される。上記のような手術用吸収性物品１において、電気伝導体１２は、単線の細線、または細線を束ねた撚線を用いているので、手術用吸収性物品１本来の柔軟性および吸収性を損なうことがない。 The upper limit of the area of the annular portion 13 is determined depending on the area of the article main body 11. In the surgical absorbent article 1 as described above, since the electrical conductor 12 uses a single thin wire or a stranded wire bundled with the thin wires, the original flexibility and absorbability of the surgical absorbent article 1 are impaired. There is nothing.
　図２に示したように、電気伝導体１２によって形成される環状部１３は、二つ以上であってもよい。図２（ａ）は、独立した複数の環状部１３を形成したものである。すなわち、図示したように物品本体１１を平らに伸ばしておいたときに、隣接する環状部１３は、互いに接触することなく独立している。図２（ｂ）は、隣接する環状部１３の一部が互いに接触しているものである。すなわち、この物品本体１１において、複数本の電気伝導体１２を縦糸および横糸に平行に配置し、縦方向へ延びる電気伝導体１２と横方向へ延びる電気伝導体１２とが互いに重なることによって、環状部１３を形成する。この場合、互いに重なった電気伝導体１２を圧着することによって、物品本体１１に固定することができる。 As shown in FIG. 2, the annular portion 13 formed by the electric conductor 12 may be two or more. FIG. 2A shows a plurality of independent annular portions 13 formed. That is, when the article main body 11 is flattened as illustrated, the adjacent annular portions 13 are independent without contacting each other. In FIG. 2B, a part of the adjacent annular portions 13 are in contact with each other. That is, in this article body 11, a plurality of electrical conductors 12 are arranged in parallel to the warp and the weft, and the electrical conductor 12 extending in the longitudinal direction and the electrical conductor 12 extending in the lateral direction are overlapped with each other. Part 13 is formed. In this case, the electrical conductors 12 that overlap each other can be fixed to the article body 11 by pressure bonding.
　電気伝導体１２は、物品本体１１の縁１１Ａにおいて、縦糸または横糸のほつれ止めを兼ねて環状部１３を形成するものとしてもよい。一般的にガーゼを用いた場合には、その縁において、断ち目がほどけないように縦糸または横糸をかがり糸を用いてかがるが、かがり糸の代わりに電気伝導体１２を用い、縁をかがることによって、縁１１Ａに沿って環状部１３を形成することができる。電気伝導体１２としては撚線を用いるのが好ましい。また、かがり始めとかがり終わりにおいて、互いに電気伝導体１２が重なるようにして、この重なり部分を圧着等することによって、確実に電気伝導体１２を物品本体１１に固定することができる。かがり始めおよびかがり終わり以外の部分においても、圧着等することもできる。 The electrical conductor 12 may form the annular portion 13 at the edge 11A of the article main body 11 so as to also prevent warp or weft fraying. Generally, when gauze is used, warp yarn or weft yarn is bent using a warp yarn so that the break is not unraveled. By bending, the annular portion 13 can be formed along the edge 11A. The electrical conductor 12 is preferably a stranded wire. In addition, the electric conductor 12 can be securely fixed to the article main body 11 by crimping the overlapping portion so that the electric conductors 12 overlap each other at the beginning and end of the overburden. It is also possible to perform pressure bonding or the like at portions other than the beginning and end of over-curving.
　電気伝導体１２は、生体適合性を考慮した被覆材で電気伝導体１２を被覆することもできる。被覆材としては、非透液性のポリウレタン樹脂等を用いることができる。 The electrical conductor 12 can be coated with a coating material considering biocompatibility. As the covering material, a liquid-impermeable polyurethane resin or the like can be used.
　次に、図３～図５を参照しながら、本発明の検出装置２について説明する。図３は、検出装置２の装置構成図である。検出装置２は、発振部２１、センサ部２２、フィルタ部２３、第１増幅部２４、信号検出部２５、センサ位置検出部２６、第２増幅部２７、信号処理部２８、処理結果出力部２９等から構成される。 Next, the detection apparatus 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is a device configuration diagram of the detection device 2. The detection device 2 includes an oscillation unit 21, a sensor unit 22, a filter unit 23, a first amplification unit 24, a signal detection unit 25, a sensor position detection unit 26, a second amplification unit 27, a signal processing unit 28, and a processing result output unit 29. Etc.
　発振部２１は、正弦波信号（一定の発振周波数の交流信号）を発振し、センサ部２２の励磁コイルに励磁信号を出力する。発振部２１は、正弦波信号に代えて、矩形波信号を発振しても良い。 The oscillation unit 21 oscillates a sine wave signal (an AC signal having a constant oscillation frequency) and outputs an excitation signal to the excitation coil of the sensor unit 22. The oscillating unit 21 may oscillate a rectangular wave signal instead of the sine wave signal.
　センサ部２２は、発振部２１から発信される励磁信号を入力する励磁コイルと、手術用吸収性物品１を検出し、フィルタ部２３に検出信号を出力する検出コイルを備える。センサ部２２は、１つの検出装置２に対して、１つだけ設けられても良いし、複数個設けられても良い。 The sensor unit 22 includes an excitation coil that inputs an excitation signal transmitted from the oscillation unit 21, and a detection coil that detects the absorbent article for surgery 1 and outputs a detection signal to the filter unit 23. Only one sensor unit 22 may be provided for one detection device 2 or a plurality of sensor units 22 may be provided.
　センサ部２２の励磁コイルの近傍に手術用吸収性物品１の電気伝導体１２が存在する場合、発振部２１から励磁信号が発信されると、励磁コイルから発生する磁場変動の影響によって、電気伝導体１２の環状部１３には磁場変動を打ち消す方向の磁力を生じさせる渦電流が流れる（ファラデーの電磁誘導の法則）。このとき、電気伝導体１２が存在しない場合と比較して、検出コイルに生じる磁場変動は小さくなり、検出コイルから出力される信号が小さくなる。センサ部２２は、この磁場変動の変化を検出することによって、検出対象の手術用吸収性物品１を検出する。 When the electrical conductor 12 of the surgical absorbent article 1 exists in the vicinity of the excitation coil of the sensor unit 22, when an excitation signal is transmitted from the oscillation unit 21, the electrical conduction is caused by the influence of the magnetic field fluctuation generated from the excitation coil. An eddy current that generates a magnetic force in a direction to cancel the magnetic field flow flows through the annular portion 13 of the body 12 (Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction). At this time, compared with the case where the electric conductor 12 does not exist, the magnetic field fluctuation generated in the detection coil becomes small, and the signal output from the detection coil becomes small. The sensor unit 22 detects the surgical absorbent article 1 to be detected by detecting the change in the magnetic field fluctuation.
　センサ部２２は、強磁性体、常磁性体、反磁性体の種類を問わず、検出可能である。但し、強磁性体の場合、例えば、鉄やパーマロイのように比透磁率が１より非常に大きい場合、励磁コイルで生じる磁場の磁束が集束し、渦電流の影響よりも優位となり、検出コイルに生じる信号が大きくなる。すなわち、励磁コイルで生じた磁場変動により環状部１３に渦電流が生じた時の検出コイルの信号変化の特性と、比透磁率が１より非常に大きい鉄やパーマロイなどを検出したときの検出コイルの信号変化の特性とが反対の方向になる。 The sensor unit 22 can detect any type of ferromagnetic material, paramagnetic material, and diamagnetic material. However, in the case of a ferromagnetic material, for example, when the relative permeability is much larger than 1, such as iron or permalloy, the magnetic flux generated by the exciting coil is focused, which is superior to the influence of the eddy current, and is applied to the detection coil. The resulting signal is larger. That is, the characteristics of the signal change of the detection coil when an eddy current is generated in the annular portion 13 due to the magnetic field fluctuation generated in the excitation coil, and the detection coil when the iron or permalloy having a relative permeability much larger than 1 is detected. The direction of the signal change is in the opposite direction.
　一般に、手術の現場では、患者周辺に金属製の物体が存在する。例えば、手術台のフレーム（主にステンレススチール）等である。これら金属製の物体と手術用吸収性物品１とを判別するために、手術用吸収性物品１の電気伝導体１２には、電気抵抗率が小さい銀や銅などを用いることが望ましい。これによって、患者周辺に金属製の物体が存在する場合であっても、手術用吸収性物品１を精度良く検出することが可能となる。 Generally, at the site of surgery, there are metal objects around the patient. For example, an operating table frame (mainly stainless steel). In order to distinguish between these metal objects and the surgical absorbent article 1, it is desirable to use silver, copper, or the like having a low electrical resistivity for the electrical conductor 12 of the surgical absorbent article 1. This makes it possible to detect the surgical absorbent article 1 with high accuracy even when a metal object is present around the patient.
　フィルタ部２３は、発振部２１における発振周波数のみを通過させる帯域通過フィルタ（バンドバスフィルタ）を備える。センサ部２２の検出コイルでは、例えば、一般電源を使用した電気機器から放出される種々の電磁波も検出される。これらの電磁波は、手術用吸収性物品１を検出する検出装置２においてはノイズとなる。そこで、このノイズと、センサ部２２の励磁コイルに入力される発振周波数との違いを利用し、フィルタ部２３においてノイズをカットし、発振周波数に一致する信号のみを通過させる。 The filter unit 23 includes a band pass filter (band bus filter) that allows only the oscillation frequency in the oscillation unit 21 to pass. In the detection coil of the sensor unit 22, for example, various electromagnetic waves emitted from an electric device using a general power source are also detected. These electromagnetic waves become noise in the detection device 2 that detects the surgical absorbent article 1. Therefore, using the difference between this noise and the oscillation frequency input to the excitation coil of the sensor unit 22, the filter unit 23 cuts the noise and passes only a signal that matches the oscillation frequency.
　第１増幅部２４は、フィルタ部２３から出力される信号を増幅し、信号検出部２５に出力する。 The first amplification unit 24 amplifies the signal output from the filter unit 23 and outputs the amplified signal to the signal detection unit 25.
　信号検出部２５は、振幅検出回路および位相差検出回路を備える。振幅検出回路では、整流回路によって第１増幅部２４から出力される信号の振幅を検出し、振幅信号を出力する。位相差検出回路では、整流回路によって第１増幅部２４から出力される信号と、発振部２１から出力される信号との位相差を検出し、位相差信号を出力する。 The signal detection unit 25 includes an amplitude detection circuit and a phase difference detection circuit. In the amplitude detection circuit, the amplitude of the signal output from the first amplifying unit 24 is detected by the rectifier circuit, and the amplitude signal is output. The phase difference detection circuit detects the phase difference between the signal output from the first amplification unit 24 and the signal output from the oscillation unit 21 by the rectifier circuit, and outputs a phase difference signal.
　センサ位置検出部２６は、センサ部２２が１個配置され、または複数個が１次元配置され、二次元マッピングを行う場合において、センサ部２２の設置位置を検出する。二次元マッピングとは、センサ部２２から出力される検出信号と検出位置とを対応付け、画像化することを意味する。センサ部２２の位置を固定して使用する場合、センサ位置検出部２６は、各センサ部２２の設置位置を記憶しておき、各センサ部２２から出力される信号と対応付けて、各センサ部２２の設置位置を出力する。また、センサ部２２を動かして使用する場合、センサ位置検出部２６は、加速度センサ等を備え、センサ部２２の移動方向および移動距離によって移動開始位置との相対位置を算出し、センサ部２２から出力される信号と対応付けて、各センサ部２２の設置位置を出力する。 The sensor position detection unit 26 detects the installation position of the sensor unit 22 when one sensor unit 22 or a plurality of sensor units 22 are arranged one-dimensionally and two-dimensional mapping is performed. Two-dimensional mapping means that the detection signal output from the sensor unit 22 is associated with the detection position and imaged. When the sensor unit 22 is used in a fixed position, the sensor position detection unit 26 stores the installation position of each sensor unit 22 and associates each sensor unit 22 with a signal output from each sensor unit 22. 22 installation positions are output. When the sensor unit 22 is used while being moved, the sensor position detection unit 26 includes an acceleration sensor and the like, calculates a relative position with respect to the movement start position based on the movement direction and the movement distance of the sensor unit 22, and The installation position of each sensor unit 22 is output in association with the output signal.
　第２増幅部２７は、信号検出部２５から出力される振幅信号および位相差信号を増幅する。センサ部２２に磁性体や渦電流が生じる物体が接近すると、振幅信号が増大する。位相差信号は、センサ部２２に比透磁率が大きい物体（患者周辺に存在する金属製の物体）が接近する場合の変化と、センサ部２２に渦電流が生じる物体（電気伝導体１２の素材である電気抵抗率が小さい銀や銅など）が接近する場合の変化とが反対の方向になる。検出装置２は、これらの特性を有する振幅信号と位相差信号に基づいて、手術用吸収性物品１と他の物体とを区別する。 The second amplification unit 27 amplifies the amplitude signal and the phase difference signal output from the signal detection unit 25. When a magnetic material or an object generating eddy current approaches the sensor unit 22, the amplitude signal increases. The phase difference signal changes when an object having a high relative permeability (a metal object existing around the patient) approaches the sensor unit 22 and an object that generates eddy currents in the sensor unit 22 (material of the electric conductor 12). The change when the electrical resistivity is small (such as silver or copper) is in the opposite direction. The detection device 2 distinguishes the surgical absorbent article 1 from other objects based on the amplitude signal and the phase difference signal having these characteristics.
　信号処理部２８は、ＡＤ変換回路、コンピュータ等から構成され、振幅信号または位相差信号に基づいて、手術用吸収性物品１が近傍に存在するか否かを判定する。ＡＤ変換回路は、第２増幅部２７から信号を入力し、コンピュータに信号を出力する。コンピュータは、ＡＤ変換回路から信号を入力し、所定の計測処理を行い、処理結果出力部２９に信号を出力する。 The signal processing unit 28 includes an AD conversion circuit, a computer, and the like, and determines whether or not the surgical absorbent article 1 exists in the vicinity based on the amplitude signal or the phase difference signal. The AD conversion circuit receives a signal from the second amplification unit 27 and outputs the signal to the computer. The computer inputs a signal from the AD conversion circuit, performs a predetermined measurement process, and outputs the signal to the processing result output unit 29.
　ＡＤ変換回路は、第２増幅部２７から出力される振幅信号と位相差信号をアナログデジタル変換する。コンピュータは、処理結果出力部や、ＡＤ変換回路から入力されるデジタルデータの処理を行う。コンピュータは、振幅信号と位相差信号の計測結果を処理結果出力部２９に出力する。また、コンピュータは、振幅信号や位相差信号が予め設定される閾値を超えた場合、すなわち、手術用吸収性物品１を検出した場合、警報出力指示信号を処理結果出力部２９に出力する。 The AD converter circuit analog-digital converts the amplitude signal and the phase difference signal output from the second amplification unit 27. The computer processes digital data input from a processing result output unit or an AD conversion circuit. The computer outputs the measurement result of the amplitude signal and the phase difference signal to the processing result output unit 29. In addition, when the amplitude signal or the phase difference signal exceeds a preset threshold value, that is, when the surgical absorbent article 1 is detected, the computer outputs an alarm output instruction signal to the processing result output unit 29.
　処理結果出力部２９は、計測結果表示回路、警報出力回路等を備える。計測結果表示回路は、コンピュータから出力される振幅信号と位相差信号の計測結果を表示する。コンピュータから警報出力指示信号が出力されると、警報出力回路は、光や音等で警報を発する。 The processing result output unit 29 includes a measurement result display circuit, an alarm output circuit, and the like. The measurement result display circuit displays the measurement results of the amplitude signal and the phase difference signal output from the computer. When an alarm output instruction signal is output from the computer, the alarm output circuit issues an alarm with light or sound.
　図４は、センサ部２２の第１構成例を説明する図である。図４（ａ）に示すように、第１構成例のセンサ部２２ａでは、１つの環状の励磁コイル３１と、２つの環状の検出コイル３２、３３が設けられる。検出コイル３２、３３は、励磁コイル３１の内側に設けられる。検出コイル３２、３３は、同軸上に位置せず、ほぼ同一平面上に位置する。言い換えれば、検出コイル３２、３３の外周面の一部は、互いに対向する。励磁コイル３１、検出コイル３２、３３は、所定の巻き数分の巻線が巻かれている。検出コイル３２、３３は、巻数、軸方向の長さ、軸方向と直交する断面積がほぼ同一である。 FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a first configuration example of the sensor unit 22. As shown in FIG. 4A, in the sensor unit 22a of the first configuration example, one annular excitation coil 31 and two annular detection coils 32 and 33 are provided. The detection coils 32 and 33 are provided inside the excitation coil 31. The detection coils 32 and 33 are not located on the same axis but are located on substantially the same plane. In other words, part of the outer peripheral surfaces of the detection coils 32 and 33 face each other. The exciting coil 31 and the detection coils 32 and 33 are wound by a predetermined number of turns. The detection coils 32 and 33 have substantially the same number of turns, axial length, and cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axial direction.
　図４（ｂ）は、第１構成例の等価回路を示している。図４（ｂ）に示すように、検出コイル３２の巻方向と検出コイル３３の巻方向は反対とする。尚、励磁コイル３１の巻方向は、いずれの方向であっても良い。 FIG. 4B shows an equivalent circuit of the first configuration example. As shown in FIG. 4B, the winding direction of the detection coil 32 and the winding direction of the detection coil 33 are opposite. The winding direction of the exciting coil 31 may be any direction.
　検出コイル３２、３３の出力信号は、センサ部２２の近傍に検出対象の電気伝導体１２が存在しないとき、バランスがとれている状態となるように調整する。検出コイル３２の巻方向と検出コイル３３の巻方向は反対であるから、バランスがとれている状態であれば、検出コイル３２、３３の出力信号は互いに相殺され、フィルタ部２３に出力される信号の振幅および位相差がほぼ０となる。この状態で、検出対象の電気伝導体１２にセンサ部２２が近づくと、検出コイル３２、３３のバランスが崩れ、フィルタ部２３に出力される信号の振幅が大きくなる。このとき、フィルタ部２３に出力される信号の位相も変化する。センサ部２２ａは、この振幅と位相の変化によって、検出対象の電気伝導体１２を検出する。 The output signals of the detection coils 32 and 33 are adjusted so as to be balanced when the electric conductor 12 to be detected does not exist in the vicinity of the sensor unit 22. Since the winding direction of the detection coil 32 and the winding direction of the detection coil 33 are opposite, the output signals of the detection coils 32 and 33 cancel each other and are output to the filter unit 23 in a balanced state. The amplitude and phase difference are substantially zero. In this state, when the sensor unit 22 approaches the electric conductor 12 to be detected, the balance of the detection coils 32 and 33 is lost, and the amplitude of the signal output to the filter unit 23 increases. At this time, the phase of the signal output to the filter unit 23 also changes. The sensor unit 22a detects the electric conductor 12 to be detected based on the change in amplitude and phase.
　第１構成例のセンサ部２２ａでは、２つの検出コイル３２、３３が同一平面上に設けられる。但し、励磁コイル３１と、検出コイル３２、３３は同一平面上に設けられなくても良い。第１構成例のセンサ部２２ａは、構造上、比較的大きなサイズとなる。従って、１つのセンサ部２２ａで手術用吸収性物品１を検出する場合に適している。 In the sensor unit 22a of the first configuration example, the two detection coils 32 and 33 are provided on the same plane. However, the excitation coil 31 and the detection coils 32 and 33 may not be provided on the same plane. The sensor unit 22a of the first configuration example has a relatively large size in structure. Therefore, it is suitable when the absorbent article 1 for surgery is detected by one sensor part 22a.
　図５は、センサ部２２の第２構成例を説明する図であって、一部を切断した斜視図である。図５（ａ）に示すように、第２構成例のセンサ部２２ｂでは、１つのフェライトコア４１と、１つの環状の励磁コイル４２と、２つの環状の検出コイル４３、４４が設けられる。フェライトコア４１は長手方向を有する棒体である。２つの環状の検出コイル４３、４４は、フェライトコア４１の外周側に位置し、互いにフェライトコア４１の長手方向に離間し、同軸上に位置する。励磁コイル４２は、検出コイル４３、４４の外周側に位置する。励磁コイル４２、検出コイル４３、４４の断面は斜線で図示しているが、実際には所定の巻数分の巻線が巻かれている。検出コイル４３、４４は、巻数、軸方向の長さ、軸方向と直交する断面積がほぼ同一である。 FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a second configuration example of the sensor unit 22 and is a perspective view in which a part is cut. As shown in FIG. 5A, in the sensor unit 22b of the second configuration example, one ferrite core 41, one annular excitation coil 42, and two annular detection coils 43 and 44 are provided. The ferrite core 41 is a rod having a longitudinal direction. The two annular detection coils 43 and 44 are located on the outer peripheral side of the ferrite core 41, are spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of the ferrite core 41, and are coaxially located. The excitation coil 42 is located on the outer peripheral side of the detection coils 43 and 44. The cross sections of the excitation coil 42 and the detection coils 43 and 44 are shown by oblique lines, but in actuality, a predetermined number of windings are wound. The detection coils 43 and 44 have substantially the same number of turns, axial length, and cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axial direction.
　図５（ｂ）は、第２構成例の等価回路を示している。図５（ｂ）に示すように、検出コイル４３の巻方向と検出コイル４４の巻方向は反対とする。尚、励磁コイル４２の巻方向は、いずれの方向であっても良い。 FIG. 5B shows an equivalent circuit of the second configuration example. As shown in FIG. 5B, the winding direction of the detection coil 43 and the winding direction of the detection coil 44 are opposite. The winding direction of the exciting coil 42 may be any direction.
　第１構成例と同様、検出コイル４３、４４の出力信号は、センサ部２２の近傍に検出対象の電気伝導体１２が存在しないとき、バランスがとれている状態となるように調整する。これによって、第１構成例と同様、センサ部２２ａは、この振幅と位相の変化によって、検出対象の電気伝導体１２を検出することが可能となる。 As in the first configuration example, the output signals of the detection coils 43 and 44 are adjusted so as to be in a balanced state when the electric conductor 12 to be detected does not exist in the vicinity of the sensor unit 22. As a result, as in the first configuration example, the sensor unit 22a can detect the electrical conductor 12 to be detected based on the change in the amplitude and the phase.
　第２構成例のセンサ部２２ｂでは、構造上、サイズを小さくすることができる。従って、複数のセンサ部２２ｂで手術用吸収性物品１を検出する場合に適している。尚、複数のセンサ部２２ｂを使用する場合、励磁コイル４２を共有し、１つの励磁コイル４２の内側に、複数のフェライトコア４１と検出コイル４３、４４を設けるようにしても良い。 In the sensor unit 22b of the second configuration example, the size can be reduced due to the structure. Therefore, it is suitable for the case where the absorbent article for surgery 1 is detected by the plurality of sensor portions 22b. When a plurality of sensor units 22 b are used, the excitation coil 42 may be shared, and a plurality of ferrite cores 41 and detection coils 43 and 44 may be provided inside one excitation coil 42.
　本発明の検出装置２によれば、地磁気や商用電源の影響を受けず、精度良く手術用吸収性物品１を検出することが可能である。 According to the detection apparatus 2 of the present invention, it is possible to accurately detect the surgical absorbent article 1 without being affected by geomagnetism or commercial power.
　次に、図６～図７を参照しながら、本発明の検出方法について説明する。第１の検出方法は、手術後に患者を動かすことによって手術用吸収性物品１を検出する。第１の検出方法では、センサ部２２は１つでも良いし、複数でも良い。 Next, the detection method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the first detection method, the surgical absorbent article 1 is detected by moving the patient after the operation. In the first detection method, there may be one sensor unit 22 or a plurality of sensor units 22.
　図６に示すように、第１の検出方法では、検出装置２のセンサ部２２を手術台５の底板５１に固定する。図６に示す例では、センサ部２２を手術台５のベース部５３の内部に設置している。センサ部２２の水平方向Ｘの断面積（複数であれば、複数のセンサ部２２の水平方向Ｘの断面積を合わせた面積）は、手術部位よりも広いものとする。手術台５の寝台５２は、水平方向Ｘに摺動可能である。尚、図示はしていないが、一般に、手術台５には金属製フレームがあったり、手術台５の周囲に金属製装置が設置されていたりする。 As shown in FIG. 6, in the first detection method, the sensor unit 22 of the detection device 2 is fixed to the bottom plate 51 of the operating table 5. In the example shown in FIG. 6, the sensor unit 22 is installed inside the base unit 53 of the operating table 5. The cross-sectional area in the horizontal direction X of the sensor unit 22 (if there are a plurality of areas, the combined area of the cross-sectional areas in the horizontal direction X of the plurality of sensor units 22) is wider than the surgical site. The bed 52 of the operating table 5 is slidable in the horizontal direction X. Although not shown, generally, the operating table 5 has a metal frame, or a metal device is installed around the operating table 5.
　第１の検出方法では、手術後、患者が寝台５２に載置されている状態で検出装置２を起動し、寝台５２を水平方向Ｘに摺動する。従って、手術用吸収性物品１が患者の体内に存在する場合、電気伝導体１２とセンサ部２２との相対位置が変化する。そして、検出装置２の信号処理部２８が振幅信号や位相差信号と予め設定される閾値とを比較する。これによって、手術用吸収性物品１が患者の体内に残留しているか否か検出することが可能となる。一方、手術台５の金属製フレームや他の金属製装置とセンサ部２２との相対位置は変化しないことから、振幅信号および位相差信号への影響はない。従って、第１の検出方法によれば、手術台５の金属製フレームや周囲の金属製装置を、誤って手術用吸収性物品１として検出することがなく、精度良く手術用吸収性物品１を検出することができる。 In the first detection method, after the operation, the detection device 2 is activated in a state where the patient is placed on the bed 52 after the operation, and the bed 52 is slid in the horizontal direction X. Therefore, when the surgical absorbent article 1 exists in the patient's body, the relative position between the electrical conductor 12 and the sensor unit 22 changes. Then, the signal processing unit 28 of the detection device 2 compares the amplitude signal or the phase difference signal with a preset threshold value. This makes it possible to detect whether or not the surgical absorbent article 1 remains in the patient's body. On the other hand, since the relative position between the metal frame of the operating table 5 or other metal device and the sensor unit 22 does not change, there is no influence on the amplitude signal and the phase difference signal. Therefore, according to the first detection method, the metal frame of the operating table 5 and the surrounding metal device are not erroneously detected as the surgical absorbent article 1, and the surgical absorbent article 1 can be accurately detected. Can be detected.
　前述の説明では、手術台５の寝台５２を水平方向Ｘに摺動させたが、手術後、患者を手術台５からストレッチャー等に移乗させる際に検出を行うこともできる。患者を手術台５からストレッチャー等に移乗させる際は、患者とセンサ部２２の相対位置が変化するため、前述の説明と同様、手術用吸収性物品１の残留を検出することが可能となる。 In the above description, the bed 52 of the operating table 5 is slid in the horizontal direction X, but detection can also be performed when the patient is transferred from the operating table 5 to a stretcher or the like after the operation. When the patient is transferred from the operating table 5 to a stretcher or the like, since the relative position of the patient and the sensor unit 22 changes, it is possible to detect the residual surgical absorbent article 1 as described above. .
　第２の検出方法は、手術後に手術部位の上部でセンサ部２２を動かすことによって手術用吸収性物品１を検出する。第２の検出方法では、センサ部２２は１つでも良いし、複数でも良い。 2nd detection method detects the absorbent article 1 for a surgery by moving the sensor part 22 in the upper part of a surgery site | part after a surgery. In the second detection method, there may be one sensor unit 22 or a plurality of sensor units 22.
　図７に示すように、第２の検出方法では、手術後、患者を木製または樹脂製等の非金属製ベッド６に移乗させ、センサ部２２を手術部位の上部で水平方向Ｘに動かす。センサ部２２の水平方向Ｘの断面積は手術部位よりも狭くても良いが、センサ部２２を動かす範囲は手術部位よりも広くする。これによって、第１の検出方法と同様に、手術用吸収性物品１の残留を検出することが可能となる。第２の検出方法では、患者周囲に誤検出の対象となる金属物が存在しないため、精度良く手術用吸収性物品１を検出することができる。 As shown in FIG. 7, in the second detection method, after surgery, the patient is transferred to a non-metallic bed 6 made of wood or resin, and the sensor unit 22 is moved in the horizontal direction X above the surgical site. The cross-sectional area in the horizontal direction X of the sensor unit 22 may be narrower than the surgical site, but the range in which the sensor unit 22 is moved is wider than the surgical site. This makes it possible to detect the remaining surgical absorbent article 1 as in the first detection method. In the second detection method, since there is no metal object to be erroneously detected around the patient, the surgical absorbent article 1 can be detected with high accuracy.
　第３の検出方法は、手術前後に手術部位の上部でセンサ部２２を動かすことによって手術用吸収性物品１を検出する。第３の検出方法では、センサ部２２は１つでも良いし、複数でも良い。 3rd detection method detects the absorbent article 1 for a surgery by moving the sensor part 22 in the upper part of a surgery site | part before and after a surgery. In the third detection method, one sensor unit 22 or a plurality of sensor units 22 may be used.
　センサ部２２が直線状に複数配列される一次元配列センサを例にして説明する。手術前、一次元配列センサを手術部位の上部で手術部位を全てカバーするように水平方向Ｘに動かし、信号処理部２８が各センサ部２２の位置と振幅信号の大きさを記憶する。手術後、手術前と同じ開始位置から一次元配列センサを手術部位の上部で手術前と同じ方向に同じ終了位置まで動かし、信号処理部２８が各センサ部２２の位置と振幅信号の大きさを記憶する。そして、信号処理部２８は、いずれかの位置において、手術前後の振幅信号の差が閾値を超えた場合、手術用吸収性物品１が患者の体内に存在すると判定する。 An example of a one-dimensional array sensor in which a plurality of sensor units 22 are linearly arranged will be described. Before the operation, the one-dimensional array sensor is moved in the horizontal direction X so as to cover the entire operation site above the operation site, and the signal processing unit 28 stores the position of each sensor unit 22 and the magnitude of the amplitude signal. After the operation, the one-dimensional array sensor is moved from the same start position as before the operation to the same end position in the same direction as before the operation at the upper part of the operation site, and the signal processing unit 28 determines the position of each sensor unit 22 and the magnitude of the amplitude signal. Remember. And the signal processing part 28 determines with the absorbent article 1 for a surgery being in a patient's body, when the difference of the amplitude signal before and behind an operation exceeds a threshold value in any position.
　センサ部２２が１つの場合、手術部位を全てカバーするようにセンサ部２２を動かすことで、同様の判定が可能となる。また、複数のセンサ部２２が碁盤目状に配列される二次元配列センサの場合、手術部位を全てカバーするようにセンサ部２２を動かすことで、同様の判定が可能となる。また、二次元配列センサが手術部位よりも広い場合、二次元配列センサを動かさなくても、同様の判定が可能となる。 When there is one sensor unit 22, the same determination can be made by moving the sensor unit 22 so as to cover the entire surgical site. In the case of a two-dimensional array sensor in which a plurality of sensor units 22 are arranged in a grid pattern, the same determination can be made by moving the sensor unit 22 so as to cover the entire surgical site. Further, when the two-dimensional array sensor is wider than the surgical site, the same determination can be made without moving the two-dimensional array sensor.
　第３の検出方法では、振幅信号および位相差信号の大きさと検出位置が対応付けられている。そこで、信号処理部２８が振幅信号および位相差信号の大きさについて二次元マッピングを行い、処理結果出力部２９が画像データとして表示するようにしても良い。これによって、手術台５の金属製フレームや周囲の金属製装置と手術用吸収性物品１とを明確に区別することができ、より確実に手術用吸収性物品１を検出することが可能となる。また、手術用吸収性物品１の存在位置を特定することが可能となる。 In the third detection method, the magnitudes of the amplitude signal and the phase difference signal are associated with the detection position. Therefore, the signal processing unit 28 may perform two-dimensional mapping on the magnitudes of the amplitude signal and the phase difference signal, and the processing result output unit 29 may display the image data. Thereby, the metal frame of the operating table 5 or the surrounding metal device can be clearly distinguished from the surgical absorbent article 1, and the surgical absorbent article 1 can be detected more reliably. . Moreover, it becomes possible to specify the presence position of the absorbent article 1 for surgery.
　第４の検出方法は、手術中または手術後に手術部位の近傍でセンサ部２２を動かすことによって手術用吸収性物品１を検出する。第４の検出方法では、小型のセンサ部２２を１つ用いる。例えば、図５に示す第２構成例のセンサ部２２ｂであれば、小型化が可能である。これによって、第１の検出方法と同様に、手術用吸収性物品１の残留を検出することが可能となる。手術部位の近傍でセンサ部２２を動かすことによって、センサ部２２と手術部位との距離に比べて、センサ部２２と手術台５の金属製フレームや周囲の金属製装置との距離が相対的に遠くなる。従って、手術台５の金属製フレームや周囲の金属製装置の影響を受けにくく、精度良く手術用吸収性物品１を検出することができる。 In the fourth detection method, the absorbent article for surgery 1 is detected by moving the sensor unit 22 in the vicinity of the surgical site during or after surgery. In the fourth detection method, one small sensor unit 22 is used. For example, the sensor unit 22b of the second configuration example shown in FIG. 5 can be downsized. This makes it possible to detect the remaining surgical absorbent article 1 as in the first detection method. By moving the sensor unit 22 in the vicinity of the surgical site, the distance between the sensor unit 22 and the metal frame of the operating table 5 and the surrounding metal device is relatively larger than the distance between the sensor unit 22 and the surgical site. It will be far away. Therefore, it is difficult to be affected by the metal frame of the operating table 5 and surrounding metal devices, and the surgical absorbent article 1 can be detected with high accuracy.
　次に、図８～図１１を参照しながら、本発明の手術用吸収性物品１の電気伝導体１２に関する実験例について説明する。図８は、板形状と環状部の検出距離を示すグラフである。グラフＡは、正方形の環状部をなす銅線（線径０．５ｍｍ）について、正方形の一辺の長さと検出距離との関係を示している。グラフＢは、正方形の板形状を有する銅板（厚さ０．５ｍｍ）について、正方形の一辺の長さと検出距離との関係を示している。 Next, referring to FIG. 8 to FIG. 11, an experimental example regarding the electric conductor 12 of the surgical absorbent article 1 of the present invention will be described. FIG. 8 is a graph showing the plate shape and the detection distance of the annular portion. Graph A shows the relationship between the length of one side of the square and the detection distance for a copper wire (wire diameter 0.5 mm) forming a square annular portion. Graph B shows the relationship between the length of one side of the square and the detection distance for a copper plate (thickness 0.5 mm) having a square plate shape.
　図８によれば、正方形の一辺の長さが５０ｍｍを超えると、同じ正方形の一辺の長さであれば、グラフＢの銅板よりも、グラフＡの銅線の方が検出距離は長くなる。この結果から、正方形の環状部をなす銅線の方が、本発明の手術用吸収性物品１の電気伝導体１２として望ましいことが分かる。 According to FIG. 8, when the length of one side of the square exceeds 50 mm, the detection distance of the copper wire of the graph A becomes longer than the copper plate of the graph B if the length of one side of the same square. From this result, it can be seen that a copper wire having a square annular portion is preferable as the electrical conductor 12 of the surgical absorbent article 1 of the present invention.
　図９は、環状部の数と検出距離の関係を示すグラフである。図９では、一辺が５ｃｍの正方形の内部に線径０．４５ｍｍの銅線で作られる環状部の数と検出距離との関係を示している。 FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of annular portions and the detection distance. FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the number of annular portions made of copper wire having a wire diameter of 0.45 mm and the detection distance inside a square having a side of 5 cm.
　図９によれば、環状部の数が増えると、検出距離が短くなる。この結果から、本発明の手術用吸収性物品１に設けられる電気伝導体１２としての環状部の数は少ない方が望ましいことが分かる。但し、環状部が１つの場合、１か所断線すると検出が困難になってしまう。そこで、断線対策のため、比較的検出距離が長くなる４個あるいは１６個程度の環状部を本発明の手術用吸収性物品１に設けても良い。 According to FIG. 9, the detection distance becomes shorter as the number of annular portions increases. From this result, it can be seen that it is desirable that the number of annular portions as the electric conductor 12 provided in the surgical absorbent article 1 of the present invention is smaller. However, when there is one annular part, detection becomes difficult if one is broken. Therefore, as a countermeasure against disconnection, the surgical absorbent article 1 according to the present invention may be provided with four or sixteen annular portions having a relatively long detection distance.
　図１０は、電気伝導体の素材ごとの検出距離を示すグラフである。図１０では、それぞれ、線径０．３ｍｍの銅、線径０．５ｍｍの銅、線径０．３ｍｍの銀、線径０．５ｍｍの銀、線径０．５５ｍｍの鉄（ＳＳ４００）、線径０．５５ｍｍのステンレススチール（ＳＵＳ３０４）で作られる円形の環状部の直径と検出距離との関係を示している。 FIG. 10 is a graph showing the detection distance for each material of the electrical conductor. In FIG. 10, copper having a wire diameter of 0.3 mm, copper having a wire diameter of 0.5 mm, silver having a wire diameter of 0.3 mm, silver having a wire diameter of 0.5 mm, iron having a wire diameter of 0.55 mm (SS400), and a wire, respectively. The relationship between the diameter of a circular annular part made of stainless steel (SUS304) having a diameter of 0.55 mm and the detection distance is shown.
　図１０によれば、環状部の直径が長い程、検出距離が長くなる。但し、環状部の直径が長い程、電気伝導体１２の線長が長くなり、電気伝導体１２の線長に比例して電気抵抗が増加する。従って、環状部の直径と検出距離の関係は直線関係ではなく、必要以上に環状部の直径を大きくしても、検出距離の増加は期待できない。 According to FIG. 10, the longer the diameter of the annular portion, the longer the detection distance. However, the longer the diameter of the annular portion, the longer the wire length of the electric conductor 12, and the electric resistance increases in proportion to the wire length of the electric conductor 12. Therefore, the relationship between the diameter of the annular portion and the detection distance is not a linear relationship, and even if the diameter of the annular portion is increased more than necessary, an increase in the detection distance cannot be expected.
　また、図１０によれば、電気伝導体１２の素材としては、鉄（ＳＳ４００）やステンレススチール（ＳＵＳ３０４）よりも、銀や銅の方が望ましいことが分かる。これは、鉄（ＳＳ４００）やステンレススチール（ＳＵＳ３０４）と比較して、銀や銅は電気抵抗率が極めて小さいためと考えられる。また、銀と銅は電気抵抗率がほぼ同一であるため、検出距離もほぼ同一となっている。 Further, according to FIG. 10, it can be seen that the material of the electric conductor 12 is more preferably silver or copper than iron (SS400) or stainless steel (SUS304). This is presumably because silver and copper have extremely low electrical resistivity compared to iron (SS400) and stainless steel (SUS304). Moreover, since silver and copper have substantially the same electrical resistivity, the detection distance is also substantially the same.
　図１１は、環状部の巻数と検出距離の関係を示すグラフである。図１１では、線径０．５ｍｍの銅線で作られる直径３０ｍｍの円形の環状部の巻数と検出距離との関係を示している。 FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of turns of the annular portion and the detection distance. FIG. 11 shows the relationship between the number of turns and the detection distance of a circular annular portion with a diameter of 30 mm made of a copper wire with a diameter of 0.5 mm.
　図１１によれば、環状部の巻数が多い程、検出距離が長くなる。但し、環状部の巻数が多い程、電気伝導体１２の線長が長くなり、電気伝導体１２の線長に比例して電気抵抗が増加する。従って、環状部の巻数と検出距離の関係は直線関係ではなく、必要以上に環状部の巻数を大きくしても、検出距離の増加は期待できない。 According to FIG. 11, the greater the number of turns of the annular portion, the longer the detection distance. However, the greater the number of turns of the annular portion, the longer the wire length of the electric conductor 12, and the electric resistance increases in proportion to the wire length of the electric conductor 12. Therefore, the relationship between the number of turns of the annular portion and the detection distance is not a linear relationship, and even if the number of turns of the annular portion is increased more than necessary, an increase in the detection distance cannot be expected.
　環状部を複数回巻く代わりに、１回巻の環状部を別体で同軸上に複数設けることによって、電気抵抗の増加を抑えながら、検出距離を長くすることができる。これは、検出距離の観点では、線径を太くすることと同じ効果となる。また、別体で複数設けることで、断線対策の効果もある。 Instead of winding the annular portion a plurality of times, by providing a plurality of one-turn annular portions on the same axis, the detection distance can be increased while suppressing an increase in electrical resistance. This is the same effect as increasing the wire diameter in terms of detection distance. In addition, by providing a plurality separately, there is also an effect of measures against disconnection.
　以上、添付図面を参照しながら、本発明に係る手術用吸収性物品、検出装置および検出方法の好適な実施形態について説明したが、本発明はかかる例に限定されない。当業者であれば、本願で開示した技術的思想の範疇内において、各種の変更例または修正例に想到し得ることは明らかであり、それらについても当然に本発明の技術的範囲に属するものと了解される。 The preferred embodiments of the surgical absorbent article, the detection device, and the detection method according to the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to such examples. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications can be conceived within the scope of the technical idea disclosed in the present application, and these are naturally within the technical scope of the present invention. Understood.
　１.........手術用吸収性物品
　２.........検出装置
１１.........物品本体
１２.........電気伝導体
２１.........発振部
２２.........センサ部
２５.........信号検出部
２８.........信号処理部
　５.........手術台
　６.........非金属製ベッド DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ......... Absorbent article for surgery 2 ......... Detection device 11 ......... Main body 12 ......... Electricity Conductor 21 ......... oscillator 22 ......... sensor 25 ......... signal detector 28 ......... signal Processing unit 5 ... Operating table 6 ... Non-metallic bed

Claims (5)

  1. 　体液等を吸収可能な手術用吸収性物品であって、
    　吸収性を有する物品本体と、
    　前記物品本体に取付けられ曲げ変形可能な細線の電気伝導体と、を備え、
    　前記電気伝導体は、環状部を有することを特徴とする手術用吸収性物品。     An absorbent article for surgery capable of absorbing bodily fluids,
    An absorbent article body,
    A thin wire electric conductor attached to the article body and capable of bending deformation;
    The absorbent article for surgery, wherein the electrical conductor has an annular portion.
  2. 　前記電気伝導体は、前記物品本体の縁に沿って配置されることを特徴とする請求項１記載の手術用吸収性物品。 The absorbent article for surgery according to claim 1, wherein the electric conductor is disposed along an edge of the article main body.
  3. 　体液等を吸収可能な手術用吸収性物品の検出装置であって、
    　前記手術用吸収性物品は、吸収性を有する物品本体と、前記物品本体に取付けられ曲げ変形可能な細線の環状部を有する電気伝導体と、を備えるものであり、
    　励磁信号を出力する発振部と、
    　前記励磁信号を入力する励磁コイルおよび検出信号を出力する検出コイルを備えるセンサ部と、
    　前記センサ部からの信号の振幅を検出し、振幅信号を出力するとともに、前記センサ部からの信号と前記励磁信号との位相差を検出し、位相差信号を出力する信号検出部と、
    　前記振幅信号または前記位相差信号に基づいて、前記手術用吸収性物品が近傍に存在するか否かを判定する信号処理部と、
    を備えることを特徴とする検出装置。     A detection device for absorbent articles for surgery capable of absorbing bodily fluids,
    The absorbent article for surgery includes an article body having absorbency, and an electric conductor having an annular part attached to the article body and capable of bending deformation.
    An oscillation unit that outputs an excitation signal;
    A sensor unit including an excitation coil for inputting the excitation signal and a detection coil for outputting a detection signal;
    Detecting the amplitude of the signal from the sensor unit, outputting the amplitude signal, detecting the phase difference between the signal from the sensor unit and the excitation signal, and outputting a phase difference signal;
    Based on the amplitude signal or the phase difference signal, a signal processing unit that determines whether or not the surgical absorbent article exists in the vicinity;
    A detection apparatus comprising:
  4. 　体液等を吸収可能な手術用吸収性物品の検出方法であって、
    　前記手術用吸収性物品は、吸収性を有する物品本体と、前記物品本体に取付けられ曲げ変形可能な細線の環状部を有する電気伝導体と、を備えるものであり、
    　励磁信号を出力する発振部と、前記励磁信号を入力する励磁コイルおよび検出信号を出力する検出コイルを備えるセンサ部と、前記センサ部からの信号の振幅を検出し、振幅信号を出力するとともに、前記センサ部からの信号と前記励磁信号との位相差を検出し、位相差信号を出力する信号検出部と、前記振幅信号または前記位相差信号に基づいて、前記手術用吸収性物品が近傍に存在するか否かを判定する信号処理部と、を備える検出装置を用い、
    　前記手術用吸収性物品と前記センサ部との相対位置を変化させ、前記信号処理部は前記振幅信号または前記位相差信号に基づいて前記手術用吸収性物品が近傍に存在するか否かを判定することを特徴とする検出方法。     A method for detecting an absorbent article for surgery capable of absorbing bodily fluids,
    The absorbent article for surgery includes an article body having absorbency, and an electric conductor having an annular part attached to the article body and capable of bending deformation.
    An oscillation unit that outputs an excitation signal, a sensor unit that includes an excitation coil that inputs the excitation signal and a detection coil that outputs a detection signal, detects the amplitude of the signal from the sensor unit, outputs an amplitude signal, A signal detection unit that detects a phase difference between the signal from the sensor unit and the excitation signal and outputs a phase difference signal, and the surgical absorbent article is in the vicinity based on the amplitude signal or the phase difference signal Using a detection device comprising a signal processing unit for determining whether or not it exists,
    The relative position between the surgical absorbent article and the sensor unit is changed, and the signal processing unit determines whether or not the surgical absorbent article exists in the vicinity based on the amplitude signal or the phase difference signal. A detection method characterized by:
  5. 　体液等を吸収可能な手術用吸収性物品の検出方法であって、
    　前記手術用吸収性物品は、吸収性を有する物品本体と、前記物品本体に取付けられ曲げ変形可能な細線の環状部を有する電気伝導体と、を備えるものであり、
    　励磁信号を出力する発振部と、前記励磁信号を入力する励磁コイルおよび検出信号を出力する検出コイルを備えるセンサ部と、前記センサ部からの信号の振幅を検出し、振幅信号を出力するとともに、前記センサ部からの信号と前記励磁信号との位相差を検出し、位相差信号を出力する信号検出部と、前記振幅信号または前記位相差信号に基づいて、前記手術用吸収性物品が近傍に存在するか否かを判定する信号処理部と、を備える検出装置を用い、
    　手術前後において前記振幅信号または前記位相差信号を測定し、前記信号処理部は手術前後の前記振幅信号または前記位相差信号の差に基づいて前記手術用吸収性物品が近傍に存在するか否かを判定することを特徴とする検出方法。     A method for detecting an absorbent article for surgery capable of absorbing bodily fluids,
    The absorbent article for surgery includes an article body having absorbency, and an electric conductor having an annular part attached to the article body and capable of bending deformation.
    An oscillation unit that outputs an excitation signal, a sensor unit that includes an excitation coil that inputs the excitation signal and a detection coil that outputs a detection signal, detects the amplitude of the signal from the sensor unit, outputs an amplitude signal, A signal detection unit that detects a phase difference between the signal from the sensor unit and the excitation signal and outputs a phase difference signal, and the surgical absorbent article is in the vicinity based on the amplitude signal or the phase difference signal Using a detection device comprising a signal processing unit for determining whether or not it exists,
    The amplitude signal or the phase difference signal is measured before and after the operation, and the signal processing unit determines whether or not the surgical absorbent article exists in the vicinity based on the difference between the amplitude signal or the phase difference signal before and after the operation. A detection method characterized by determining.
PCT/JP2015/073001 2014-08-19 2015-08-17 Surgical absorbent article, detection device, and detection method WO2016027756A1 (en)

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JPH10277082A (en) * 1997-04-07 1998-10-20 Unitika Ltd Gauze for medical operation
JPH10295027A (en) * 1998-05-15 1998-11-04 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Wiring box made of resin
JP2006522985A (en) * 2003-03-03 2006-10-05 ケイデュシィズ エル エル シィ Interrogation system using interrogators and the like
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