Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
  • A61K8/26—Aluminium; Compounds thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
  • A61K8/28—Zirconium; Compounds thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
  • A61K8/36—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
  • A61K8/362—Polycarboxylic acids
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
  • A61K8/36—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
  • A61K8/368—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof with carboxyl groups directly bound to carbon atoms of aromatic rings
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • A61K8/41—Amines
  • A61K8/416—Quaternary ammonium compounds
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/67—Vitamins
  • A61K8/676—Ascorbic acid, i.e. vitamin C
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
  • A61K8/731—Cellulose; Quaternized cellulose derivatives
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
  • A61K8/733—Alginic acid; Salts thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • A61K8/8141—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • A61K8/8152—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters, e.g. (meth)acrylic acid esters; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q15/00—Anti-perspirants or body deodorants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
  • A61Q19/10—Washing or bathing preparations
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
  • A61K2800/56—Compounds, absorbed onto or entrapped into a solid carrier, e.g. encapsulated perfumes, inclusion compounds, sustained release forms

Definitions

• the present invention provides a method for cleaning, benefiting or deodorizing the skin or hair utilizing formulations that contain a controlled release salt and which provide long lasting benefits to the skin.
• Formulations of the invention can be used as hand and body soaps, shampoos, body washes, bath products, shower products, deodorants, hand sanitizers, preoperative scrubs, wound cleaners and the like.
• controlled release salts and complexes for various applications on surfaces including skin and hair for both human and animal use.
• These salts and complexes are formed from cationic and anionic moieties either or both of which can provide benefits when released.
• the solubility of the controlled release salts is such that when exposed to moisture, the active anionic or cationic portions of the salt, responsible for skin benefits, are released in sufficient quantity to provide their desired beneficial effect, while at the same time leaving sufficient residual undissolved salt to act as a reservoir for the controlled release of additional active ionic portions from the salt as the dissolved skin-benefit agents are depleted.
• One aspect of our invention is the use of green and natural sources of raw materials.
• the present invention provides a method of cleaning, or deodorizing the skin or hair by applying formulations which provide long lasting benefits.
• the method of this invention comprises applying a formulation comprising a controlled-release, undissociated, adherent salt, which releases skin or hair benefit or deodorizing agents when it partially dissolves in moisture present on the skin or hair.
• formulations of the invention may comprise hydrophilic humectant polymers, one or more surfactants, an emollient glycerol ester of a fatty acid, a buffer or water.
• natural or naturally derived ingredients are used and the controlled release, skin or hair adherent salt is derived from a natural amino acid and fatty alcohols or fatty acids from renewable sources.
• the limited-solubility undissociated controlled-release salt is deposited on the surface of the skin.
• the controlled release salt partially dissolves and dissociates in the sweat or other moisture present on the skin, releasing skin benefit or deodorizing cations and anions.
• sufficient undissolved, undissociated salt remains on the skin to act as a reservoir to provide extended deodorization and skin benefits from additional ions that are released from the salt at the same rate that the dissolved ions are used up or depleted.
• the skin cleaning and deodorizing formulations of this invention comprise (1) from about 0.02 wt% to 5 wt% of a controlled release skin benefit or deodorizing salt with a solubility of less than 2 wt%, preferably equal to or less than 1 wt% and greater than about 0.01 wt% and comprising (i) a surface active cation having both a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic component and (ii) a carboxylate or phenolate anion, (2) optionally from about 0.05% to about 20 wt% of a water absorbing hydrophilic polymer with a molecular weight above 2000, (3) optionally from about 1% to about 90 wt% of an anionic, nonionic or amphoteric surfactant or soap, (4) optionally from about 0.02 to about 2 wt% of an emollient/emulsifier comprising a glycerol ester of a fatty acid (5) optionally buffers to provide a pH between about 3.0 and
• ingredients can be added to formulations of the invention. These include but are not limited to a suspending agent, a carrier liquid, moisturizers, humectants, emollients, an antiperspirant active, vitamins, dyes, fragrances, thickening agents, processing aids, preservatives and the like.
• the controlled release salt has limited solubility of less than 2 wt%, preferably equal to or less than 1 wt% and greater than about 0.01 wt%.
• the limited solubility property of the controlled release salt is key to its effectiveness in formulations of this invention. First of all, during product use, much of the delivered undissociated salt remains on the surface of the skin. Secondly, once on the skin, the controlled-release salt needs to have sufficient solubility in the moisture on the skin to release an effective quantity of component skin- benefit ions, while leaving enough undissolved salt on the skin to provide a reservoir of skin benefit ions for release as the dissolved skin benefit ions are used up or dissipated.
• the solubility and the amount of moisture on the skin determine how much of the skin benefit ions are released from the controlled release salt.
• the solubility can be adjusted by varying the molecular weight of the component ions, as well as the hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity of either of the cationic and anionic components. An ion with a higher molecular weight will generally result in a decrease in the solubility of the combined salt and thereby decrease the release of its skin benefit agents from the salt. Salts made from ions with more or larger hydrophobic portions, will also tend to decrease the solubility of the controlled release salt.
• salts made from ions with more or larger hydrophilic groupings will tend to increase the salt's solubility.
• Lower solubility salts will tend to have an increased ability to plate out on skin surfaces and remain there during formulation use.
• Higher solubility salts will generally have a greater tendency to dissolve in any available moisture during use and to be depleted from the area of application by sweat from the skin.
• the solubility of the controlled release salt also needs to be appropriate for optimum release of benefit agents to the skin. Thus, it needs to be sufficiently soluble to release an effective level of the dissociated skin benefit ions, yet sufficiently insoluble to leave a reservoir of undissolved skin benefit ions for subsequent release as the skin benefit ions are used up.
• either or both of the skin benefit anions and cations can be the ones to provide cosmetic, medicinal, cosmeceutical or deodorization benefits to the skin.
• Cationic agents are often useful in providing skin conditioning, skin smoothing, anti-allergy activity, deodorization and antimicrobial activity etc.
• Anionic agents often provide vitamins, anti- inflammatories, anti-aging benefits, antimicrobial activity, moisturization, exfoliation, deodorization etc.
• Cationic and anionic skin benefit agents can be combined into a single controlled release salt to provide agents with multiple long lasting skin benefits.
• a cationic skin benefit agent or an anionic skin benefit agent can be combined with an inactive counter-ion for other reasons, such as to provide for improved adherence to the skin or to modify the controlled release characteristics of the salt.
• the controlled release salts of the invention can comprise salts formed of monomeric anions and monomeric cations, monomeric anions and polymeric cations, polymeric anions and monomeric cations or from polymeric anions and polymeric cations.
• skin cleaning, and deodorizing formulations of this invention contain from about 0.02% to 5% of the controlled-release, skin-benefit or deodorizing salt, which consists of cationic and anionic components.
• the cationic components of the controlled-release salt comprise primary ammonium, secondary ammonium, tertiary ammonium, quaternary ammonium, guanidinium or biguanidinium cations.
• the anionic components comprise carboxylate or phenolate anions.
• controlled release salts include carboxylate and phenolate anions in combination with antimicrobial (Cg-Qg) alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium cations, (Cg-Cig), dialkyl methyl benzyl ammonium cations, (Cg-Cig) dialkyl dimethyl ammonium cations, benzalkonium cation, benzethonium cations, sanguinarium cations, cetylpyridinium cations and hexetidinium cations.
• Useful antimicrobial biguanidinium cations include chlorhexidinium, alexidinium, and polyhexamethylene biguanidinium ions. The antimicrobial properties of these ions can be useful in treating superficial skin infections, for deodorization or for skin sanitization for example.
• the hydrophilic part of the cationic portion of the controlled release skin benefit or deodorizing salt be derived from a natural nitrogen-containing compound selected from one of the following an amino acid, a peptide, carnitine, choline, creatine and glycine betaine. All of these compounds have at least one primary amine, quaternary ammonium or guanidine group. Choline has a quaternary ammonium group and an alcohol group but no free carboxylic acid groups.
• Carnitine and glycine betaine each have a quaternary ammonium group
• carnitine has both a hydroxyl group and carboxylic acid group
• glycine betaine has a carboxylic acid group but no alcohol group.
• Creatine has a guanidinium group and a carboxylic acid group. All amino acids and peptides have at least one amine group and at least one carboxylic acid group. The amino acids, threonine and serine and some peptides, also have an alcohol group.
• Water soluble cationic molecules sometimes referred to as hydrophiles, depend on the presence on water soluble groups in the molecule which may be ionic or non-ionic.
• Cationic groups include nitrogen groups such as those disclosed in this invention. Ionic groups are very effective, such as the nitrogen cationic functionalities of this invention, as being sufficient to solubilize a C 12 hydrocarbon chain. It has been reported in the literature that two cationic protonated nitrogen groups will substantially solubilize a CI 8 hydrocarbon chain.
• Examples of preferred amino acids for preparing cationic skin-benefit or deodorizing salts include glycine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, arginine methionine, alanine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, valine, asparagine, cysteine, glutamine, proline, tyrosine, histidine, serine, threonine, ornithine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid and taurine.
• the hydrophobic portion of the cationic component of the controlled-release skin- benefit or deodorizing salt can range in chain length from 6 to 24 carbons.
• it is a naturally derived Cg to Cig fatty alcohol or fatty acid.
• Preferred are those that are made from renewable vegetable sources, such as plants and trees and not from synthetic or oil sources.
• Non- limiting examples of naturally sourced fatty alcohols are octyl, decyl, lauryl, myristyl, palmityl, cetyl, or stearyl alcohol.
• Non-limiting examples of naturally sourced fatty acids are caproic, caprylic, lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linolenic (omega-3 fatty), and linoleic (omega-6 fatty) acids.
• Natural-sourced alcohols and acids contain only even numbers of carbon atoms. Compounds based on natural renewable-sourced ingredients are generally safer to humans, being completely metabolized by the body to non-toxic compounds, like carbon dioxide and water. They are also more fully biodegraded in the environment and do not leave environmentally undesirable residues.
• Omega-3 fatty acids include a-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), all of which are polyunsaturated.
• Common sources of omega-3 fatty acids include fish oils and plant oils such as flaxseed oil, algal oil and hemp seed oil.
• Mammalian brains are also a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids, and DHA in particular. Mammals cannot synthesize omega-3 fatty acids, but have a limited ability to form the "long-chain" omega-3 fatty acids EPA (20-carbon atoms) and DHA (22-carbon atoms) from the "short-chain" eighteen-carbon omega-3 fatty acid ALA.
• a cationic skin benefit or deodorizing ester or amide can be made by esterification or amidization of choline, creatine, carnitine, glycine betaine, an amino acid or a peptide with fatty alcohols or fatty acids.
• carboxylic acid groups on the hydrophilic precursor can be esterified with a Cg to Cig fatty alcohol to produce a cationic skin-benefit or deodorizing surfactant ester.
• alcohol groups on the hydrophilic precursor can be esterified with a Cg to Ci 8 fatty acid producing a cationic skin-benefit or deodorizing surface-active ester.
• Cationic skin-benefit or deodorizing amides are prepared from hydrophilic precursors with more than one cationic group by amidization of an amine group. Any carboxylic acid groups are then esterified with either a short or long chain alcohol.
• one range of examples of naturally derived controlled release skin benefit or deodorizing salts suitable for formulations of this invention are carboxylate or phenolate salts of cationic esters or amides derived from the esterification or amidization of an amino acid, a peptide, choline, creatine, carnitine or glycine betaine with a fatty alcohol or fatty acid.
• Examples are carboxylate or phenolate salts of one of the following (i) a cationic Cg-Qg alkyl ester of a mono-carboxylic amino acid, such as a Cg-Qg alkyl ester of glycine, leucine, iso-leucine, lysine, arginine, methionine, alanine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, valine, asparagine, cysteine, glutamine, proline, tyrosine, histidine, serine, threonine and ornithine, (ii) a cationic Cg-Cig, C 2 -Cig di-alkyl ester of a di-carboxylic amino acid, such as a dialkyl ester of aspartic or glutamic acid (iii) a cationic Cg-Cig alkanoate, Q-Cg alkyl diester of serine or threonine, such as
• a particularly preferred group of controlled release salts of carboxylate or phenolate anions with naturally derived multifunctional skin benefit cations include the cations of N a -(C 8 to Cig) acyl amide (Q to Cg) alkyl ester of an amino acid having a free-cation moiety.
• Non-limiting examples of suitable cations of these salts include those of N a -(C 8 - Q 8 ) acyl arginine alkyl (d - Cg) ester, N a -(C 8 - Cig) acyl lysine alkyl (Ci - Cg) ester, N a -(C 8 - Cig) acyl histidine alkyl (Cg - Cg) ester, N a -(C 8 - Cig) acyl trytophan alkyl (d - Cg) ester and N a -(C 8 - Ci 8 ) acyl ornithine alkyl (Ci - C 8 ) ester.
• a preferred sub-group includes the guanidinium cations of N a -(C 8 - Ci 8 ) acyl arginine alkyl (d - C 8 ) esters.
• a particularly preferred guanidinium cation is that of N a -lauroyl arginine ethyl ester.
• a particularly preferred group of salts combine cations of N a (C 8 - Q 8 ) acyl arginine ethyl ester salts with anions of (C 8 -Ci 8 ) fatty acids. These salts are naturally derived, non-toxic, have low cytotoxicity and are very mild to skin.
• the laurate salt of N a" (C 8 - Ci 8 ) lauroyl arginine ethyl ester is a particularly useful example of a controlled-release salt which delivers a skin conditioning, skin smoothing emollient.
• polymeric cationic components of the controlled release skin benefit or deodorizing salt include cations of polyamines, cations of a polyethyleneimines,
• the anionic portion of the controlled release salt is as important as the cationic portion.
• the anionic portion of the salt can be selected on the basis of benefit to the skin or to the solubility of the resulting salt or its ability to promote adherence to surfaces.
• the anionic portion of the controlled release salt is either a carboxylate or phenolate ion.
• the anions may have single or multiple anionic functionality and may have additional functional groups. Preferred anions are natural or naturally derived.
• One group of useful mono-carboxylate ions are those of fatty acids with between about 6 and 24 carbons. In general those with between 8 and 18 carbons are preferred.
• a function of such anions could be to reduce the solubility of the controlled release skin benefit molecule and to increase its adherence to the skin.
• the solubility of the controlled release salt generally decreases with increasing chain length of the fatty carboxylate anion.
• fatty carboxylates may also provide other skin benefits. For example, some fatty acids such as undecylenic acid are known to provide antifungal activity.
• Di- and tri-carboxylate counter ions like malate, tartrate, succinate, fumarate, maleate and citrate often greatly decrease the solubility of cationic skin benefit and deodorizing ingredients because the salt can form with more than one cation to each anion.
• Carboxylic acids with other functional groups are also useful in formulations of the invention.
• alpha-hydroxy carboxylates, beta-hydroxy carboxylates, and hydroxy-carboxylates are useful as skin exfoliating agents with formulations that are buffered in the acidic pH range.
• alpha hydroxy carboxylate ions are glycolate, lactate, malate, tartrate, citrate ions.
• the acids of several beta hydroxy carboxylates can also provide beneficial activity on the skin.
• Salicylic acid is an exfoliant and is useful in treatment of acne. It also has some anti-aging effects on the skin. Furthermore it is useful in the removal of corns and warts.
• Carnitine is another useful betahydroxy carboxylic acid having some antioxidant properties.
• alpha or beta hydroxy carboxylate ions When alpha or beta hydroxy carboxylate ions are released into water from the controlled release salts they can equilibrate with hydrogen ions to form some amount of undissociated acid with the amount dependent on the pH. It is often this dissolved undissociated acid which is responsible for any skin benefits due to the anionic portion of the controlled release skin salt.
• cosmeceutical skin benefit acids which can used as the anionic portion of controlled release salts of the invention.
• Two non- limiting examples are ascorbic acid and retinoic acid (vitamin A).
• Ascorbic acid is an alpha hydroxy acid with exfoliant properties but it is also an antioxidant and is claimed to have various skin benefit properties such as anti-aging etc.
• Retinoic acid is claimed to combat wrinkles and make the skin more youthful.
• the anions of polycarboxylate acids like carbomers, polyacrylates, alginates, and the like are useful as anionic counterions for skin benefit cations. These anions are especially effective in increasing adherence of the controlled release salts to the skin. Many of these materials also have moisturizing effects on the skin.
• useful carboxylates are straight chain and cross linked polyacrylates, and the anions of
• poly(methylvinylether/maleic acid) Polyacrylic acids, which ionize and form polyacrylates in water, are known as carbomers. Some polyacrylates are marketed under the trade name of Carbopol ® . Various Poly(methylvinylether/maleic acid) polymers are marketed under the Trade name of Gantrez ® . Additionally alginates, and carboxylated celluloses can be useful.
• Another group of useful anions are those of phenols many of which provide exfoliant or antimicrobial activity. Some phenols are used in deep skin peel treatments used to treat blotchy skin, to smooth out coarse wrinkles and to remove precancerous growths.
• anions with antimicrobial properties are the phenolate anions of phenol, resorcinol, parachlorophenol, triclosan and parachlorometaxylenol and thymol.
• Polyphenols and derivatives thereof may also be useful skin benefit agents, for example they exhibit antioxidant properties which can protect the skin against the effects of oxygen exposure and aging.
• Polyphenols are a group of chemical substances found in plants and are characterized by the presence of one or more phenolic units.
• the term phenolate can refer to natural or synthetic molecules that contain one of more hydroxy groups attached to an aromatic ring.
• Suitable polyphenols are ferulic acid, reservatrol, gallic acid, coumaric acid, catechin, caffeic acid, vanillic acid, chlorogenic acid, aplanin and sinapyl arbutin.
• Additional useful anionic components are the pentacyclic triterpenoids, e.g. pentaphenyltriterpenes such as betulinic acid, moronic acid, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid.
• the controlled release salts of the invention can be produced by any suitable method such as a double decomposition reaction between soluble salts or by direct reaction between an anionic acid and cationic base.
• the controlled salts of the invention can be added as an ingredient or may be formed in situ in the formulation.
• the product can be formulated as two separated phases, one containing the anionic acid or a soluble salt of the anion and the second phase containing the cationic base or a soluble salt of the cation.
• the controlled release salt is then formed when the two phases are applied to the skin and are mixed.
• An important aspect of the invention is the limited solubility of the undissociated salt.
• the salt itself does not dissolve. This assures that the undissociated salts of the invention remain on the surface of the skin until one or other of the dissociated ions is used up, or lost. Also since the undissociated salt does not dissolve, it does not penetrate the skin.
• an important component of the invention is a water- absorbing hydrophilic polymer with a molecular weight above 2000.
• Hydrophilic polymers act as skin substantive humectants and provide for moisture to be present on the skin. This moisture layer allows some of the controlled release salt to dissociate, releasing skin benefit or deodorizing agent.
• Suitable hydrophilic polymers include polyacrylates, alginates, and cellulose derivatives such as hydroxyalkyl cellulose of which methyl, hydroxyethyl and, hydroxypropyl cellulose are the most useful. Also useful are gelatin, polydextrin, polyvinyl alcohol.
• hydrophilic copolymers known as "super slurpers” which are saponified starch-graft polyacrylonitrile copolymers. These are especially useful since small amounts of super sharper can hold larger amounts of moisture, generally more than their own weight.
• quaternized hydroxypolymers include quaternized hydroxypolymers including quaternary ammonium derivatives of hydroxyethyl cellulose, such as polyquaternium-4 and polyquaternium-10. Also useful are polyglycosamineglycan polymers. Cationic guar gums are also effective, including, for example, guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride. These polymers not only retain moisture but are also highly effective skin conditioners. Many proteins and polypeptides with molecular weights above about 2000 are also useful for attracting and retaining moisture on the skin and in addition provide skin conditioning benefits.
• glycosaminoglycans and derivatives thereof Another group of useful polymers for attracting and retaining moisture on the skin are categorized as glycosaminoglycans and derivatives thereof. These polymers are natural or naturally derived. An important example of such a polymer is hyaluronic acid, which also provides skin lubricity. Another example is chitosan which has muco-adhesive properties.
• Skin cleaning, body wash, shampoo and soap formulations of this invention contain from about 1% to about 90% of one or more anionic, nonionic or amphoteric surfactants or soaps. Surfactants and soaps are used to effectively clean the skin as well as to create foam which enhances the cleaning experience.
• surfactants and soaps disperse or emulsify the controlled release salts of the invention. While dispersion or emulsion of the controlled- release salt is usually desirable, it is preferred that micro-emulsions of the controlled-release salt not be formed, because this can reduce the tendency of the controlled release salt to be deposited on the skin.
• surfactants and soaps which are non-toxic and mild to the skin. It is preferred to use surfactants and soaps derived from natural plant sources rather than from synthetic or oil derived compounds. Plant sources are generally renewable and are likely to be safer to humans, being completely metabolized by the body to non-toxic compounds, like carbon dioxide and water. They are also more fully biodegraded in the environment and do not leave environmentally toxic residues.
• Non- limiting examples of useful anionic surfactants include alkali metal and ammonium salts of acyl sarcosinates, isethionates, methyl taurates, glutamates, lactylates and glycinates.
• sodium salts of lauroyl, cocoyl, myristoyl, palmoyl and stearoyl sarcosinate the sodium salts of sodium salts of lauroyl, cocoyl, myristoyl, palmoyl and stearoyl isethionate
• the sodium salts of lauroyl, cocoyl, myristoyl, palmoyl and stearoyl methyl taurate the sodium salts of lauroyl, cocoyl, myristoyl, palmoyl and stearoyl glutamate
• the sodium salts of lauroyl, cocoyl, myristoyl, palmoyl and stearoyl lactylate the sodium salts of lauroyl, cocoyl, myristoyl, palmoyl and stearoyl glycinate.
• alkali metal and ammonium salts of alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl phosphates and alkyl sulfoacetates are also useful.
• these surfactants are sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium cocosulfate, sodium laureth-3 sulfate, sodium mono-lauryl phosphate, sodium lauryl sulfoacetate and sodium myristyl sulfoacetate.
• Additional examples include the alkali metal and ammonium salts of sulfated monoglycerides, sulfonated olefins, alkyl aryl sulfonates, primary or secondary alkane sulfonates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl glycerylether sulfonate, sulfonated methyl esters, sulfonated fatty acids, alkyl ether carboxylates, acyl lactylates, sulfonated olefins, alkyl aryl sulfonates, primary or secondary alkane sulfonates, acylated peptides, alkyl ether carboxylates,. sulfated
• An especially mild group of anionic surfactants include the alkali metal and ammonium hydroxypropyl sulfonate alkyl glucoside crosspolymers.
• the alkyl group can for example be decyl, lauryl, cocoyl, palmityl and cetyl groups.
• soaps are alkali metal or ammonium salts of fatty acids with chain lengths containing between about 8 and 18 carbon atoms. Preferred are those made from natural renewable preferably plant based sources. Non- limiting examples of suitable soaps include alkali metal and ammonium salts of fatty acids such as lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acids.
• Suitable nonionic surfactants include but are not limited to Cg-Cig alkyl glucosides and polyglucosides as well as the sucrose esters of fatty acids. Particularly preferred are the Cg- Ci 4 alkyl polyglucosides and the sucrose, glucose, sorbitol, sorbitan and polyglycerol esters of Cio-Cig fatty acids. Amine oxides are also useful because of their high foaming action.
• polyhydroxy fatty acid amides alkoxylated fatty acid esters, ethoxylated and ethoxylated propoxylated alcohols as well as ethoxylate-propoxylated block co-polymers can be used. Also useful are alkanolamides and monoglycerides of fatty acids.
• Suitable amphoteric surfactants include but are not limited to alkali metal and ammonium alkyl amphoacetates, such as sodium lauroamphoacetate and disodium lauroampho- diacetates, sodium alkyl amphopropionates such as sodium cocoamphopropionate , disodium alkyl amphodipropionate such as disodium cocoamphodipropionate, betaines, such as alkyl amino-betaines, alkyl dimethyl betaines and cocoamidopropyl betaine, imadazolines, sulfobetaines, sultaines, hydroxysultaines, alkyl iminoacetates, iminodialkanoates,
• Another embodiment of the invention includes the addition of about 0.02 to about 2% of an emollient/emulsifier comprising a glycerol ester of a fatty acid.
• an emollient/emulsifier comprising a glycerol ester of a fatty acid.
• a preferred glycerol ester is glyceryl laurate (glycerol monolaurate).
• glycerol esters of fatty acids have sometimes been found to prevent bacterial growth in the formulation thereby preserving it.
• Formulations of the invention especially body washes and soaps can also contain water.
• aqueous formulations contain from about 2 to about 95% water, preferably 10 to 90%.
• formulations of the invention can also be anhydrous.
• An optimum pH range for formulations of the invention is from about 3.0 to about 7.0, more preferably 3.5 to 6.5.
• the controlled release deodorizing and skin benefit salts are especially useful in deodorant formulations and can be used in combination with antiperspirant and other deodorant actives.
• the controlled release salts are formulated into either an antiperspirant or deodorant product matrix, wherein the salts are dispersed within the product matrix.
• the product matrix containing the dispersed salts is applied to odiferous areas of the skin such as the underarm, so that the dispersed salts are spread or flow over the applied surface, where they deodorize and provide other skin benefits, such as soothing of the underarm skin, especially that which has been irritated due to damage by shaving.
• the controlled-release salts partially dissolve and dissociate in sweat or other moisture on the underarm, thus allowing the controlled release salts to deliver both free cations and anions for deodorization and other possible skin benefits.
• the undissolved portion of the controlled release salt acts as a reservoir for further release of the deodorizing and skin benefit ions as they are depleted or washed away by the sweat.
• antiperspirant actives are added at concentrations ranging from about 0.1% to about 30%, more preferably from about 5% to about 30%, by weight of the composition.
• the antiperspirant active can be solubilized or added as a solid, preferably in the form of dispersed solid particulates.
• the said dispersed particulate solids have an average particle diameter of less than about 100 microns, preferably from about 1 micron to about 40 microns.
• the antiperspirant active for use in the antiperspirant embodiments of the present invention include any compound, composition or other material having antiperspirant activity.
• Preferred antiperspirant actives include astringent metallic salts, especially inorganic and organic salts of aluminum, zirconium and zinc, as well as mixtures thereof.
• Particularly preferred are aluminum- containing and/or zirconium-containing salts or materials, such as aluminum halides, aluminum hydroxyhalides, zirconyl oxyhalides, zirconyl hydroxyhalides, and mixtures thereof.
• Especially useful antiperspirant actives suitable for use in the formulations include aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum dichlorohydrate, aluminum sesquichlorohydrate, aluminum
• chlorohydrex propylene glycol complex aluminum dichlorohydrex propylene glycol complex, aluminum sesquichlorohydrex propylene glycol complex, aluminum chlorohydrex polyethylene glycol complex, aluminum dichlorohydrex polyethylene glycol complex, aluminum
• sesquichlorohydrex polyethylene glycol complex aluminum zirconium trichlorohydrate, aluminum zirconium tetrachlorohydrate, aluminum zirconium pentatchlorohydrate, aluminum zirconium octachlorohydrate, aluminum zirconium trichlorohydrex glycine complex, aluminum zirconium tetrachlorohydrex glycine complex, aluminum zirconium pentachlorohydrex glycine complex, aluminum zirconium octachlorohydrex glycine complex, aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate buffered, and combinations thereof.
• the antiperspirant and deodorant formulations of the present invention also comprise a solid suspending or thickening agent to help provide the formulations with the desired viscosity, rheology, texture and/or product hardness, or to otherwise help suspend any dispersed solids or liquids within the composition.
• suspending agent means any material known or otherwise effective in providing suspending, gelling, solidifying and/or thickening properties to the composition or which otherwise provide structure to the final product form.
• suspending agents include gelling agents, and polymeric or nonpolymeric or inorganic thickening agents.
• the concentration and type of suspending agent selected for use in the antiperspirant and deodorant formulations will vary depending upon the desired product hardness, rheology, formulation (e.g., antiperspirant formulation or deodorant formulation) and/or other related product characteristics.
• the total suspending agent concentration ranges from about 0.1% to about 40%, more typically from about 0.1% to about 35%, by weight of the composition.
• Suspending agent concentrations will tend to be lower for liquid embodiments (e.g., aerosols, roll-ons, etc) and higher for semi-solid (e.g., soft solids or creams) or solid stick embodiments.
• Non limiting examples of suitable suspending agents include hydrogenated castor oil (e.g., Castorwax MP80, Castor Wax, etc.), fatty alcohols (e.g., stearyl alcohol), solid paraffins, triglycerides and other similar solid suspending esters or other microcrystalline waxes, silicone and modified silicone waxes.
• suitable suspending agents include hydrogenated castor oil (e.g., Castorwax MP80, Castor Wax, etc.), fatty alcohols (e.g., stearyl alcohol), solid paraffins, triglycerides and other similar solid suspending esters or other microcrystalline waxes, silicone and modified silicone waxes.
• suitable suspending agents suitable for use herein are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,976,514 (Guskey et al.), U.S. Pat. No. 5,891,424 (Bretzler et al.), which descriptions are incorporated herein by reference.
• Suitable suspending agents include silicone elastomers at concentrations ranging from about 0.1% to about 10%, by weight of the composition.
• silicone elastomer materials suitable for use as a suspending agent herein are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,654,362 (Schulz, Jr. et al.); U.S. Pat. No. 6,060,546 (Powell et al.) and U.S. Pat. No. 5,919,437 (Lee et al.), which descriptions are incorporated herein by reference.
• Non-limiting examples of suitable suspending agents for use in deodorant embodiments of the present invention include fatty acid salts such as sodium stearate and other similar materials as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,013,248 (Luebbe et al.), which description is incorporated herein by reference.
• the anhydrous antiperspirant and deodorant formulations of the present invention optionally comprise an anhydrous carrier liquid at concentrations ranging from about 10% to about 99%, preferably from about 20% to about 70%, by weight of the composition. Such concentrations will vary depending upon variables such as product form, desired product hardness, selection of other ingredients in the composition, and so forth.
• the anhydrous carrier liquid for use in the composition can be any anhydrous liquid that is known for use in personal care applications or is otherwise suitable for topical application to the skin.
• the carrier liquid can comprise a volatile or non-volatile silicone liquid, which may include cyclic, linear and/or branched chain silicones.
• concentration of silicone liquids in the antiperspirant composition of the present invention preferably ranges from about 5% to about 80%, preferably from about 20% to about 60%, more preferably from about 30% to about 60%, by weight of the composition.
• Suitable volatile silicones for use herein include, but are not limited to,
• Cyclomethicone D5 (commercially available from G. E. Silicones); Dow Corning 344, and Dow Corning 345 (commercially available from Dow Corning Corp.); and GE 7207, GE 7158 and Silicone Fluids SF-1202 and SF-1 173 (available from General Electric Co.).
• suitable volatile silicones are described in Todd et al., "Volatile Silicone Fluids for Cosmetics", Cosmetics and Toiletries, 91 :27-32 (1976), which descriptions are incorporated herein by reference.
• suitable non volatile, linear, silicone carriers include Dow Corning 200, hexamethyldisiloxane, Dow Corning 225, Down Corning 1732, Dow Corning 5732, Dow Corning 5750 (available from Dow Corning Corp.); and SF-96, SF- 1066 and SF 18(350) Silicone Fluids (available from G.E. Silicones).
• the anhydrous antiperspirant and deodorant formulations of the present invention may further comprise any optional ingredient that is known for use in antiperspirants and deodorant products or other personal care products, or which is otherwise suitable for topical application to human skin.
• Non limiting examples of optional ingredients include dyes or colorants, emulsifiers, perfumes, propellants, deodorant perfumes, preservatives, vitamins, non- vitamin nutrients, emollients, coupling agents or other solvents, surfactants, processing aides such as viscosity modifiers, wash-off aids, and so forth.
• optional materials are described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,049,792 (Elsnau); U.S. Pat. No. 5,019,375 (Tanner et al.); and U.S. Pat. No. 5,429,816 (Hofrichter et al.); which descriptions are incorporated herein by reference.
• the anhydrous antiperspirant and deodorant formulations of the present invention may be applied topically to the axilla or other area of the skin in an amount effective to treat or reduce perspiration wetness and or malodor.
• the composition is preferably applied in an amount ranging from about 0.1 gram to about 20 grams, more preferably from about 0.1 gram to about 10 grams, even more preferably from about 0.1 gram to about 1 gram, to the desired area of the skin.
• the formulations are preferably applied one to two times daily, preferably once daily, to achieve effective antiperspirant and malodor control.
• the anhydrous antiperspirant and deodorant formulations of the present invention can be formulated in a variety of product forms and then applied to the axilla or other area of the skin in the manner described herein, such variety product forms including solids (e.g., sticks), semi-solids (e.g., lotions, creams, soft solids), or liquids (e.g. aerosols, non-aerosol sprays, roll- ons, porous dome liquids).
• solids e.g., sticks
• semi-solids e.g., lotions, creams, soft solids
• liquids e.g. aerosols, non-aerosol sprays, roll- ons, porous dome liquids.
• ingredients which can optionally be added to formulations of the invention include, but are not limited to, moisturizers, humectants, emollients, exfoliants, skin smoothing agents, neutraceuticals, vitamins, dyes fragrances, thickening agents, processing aids, preservatives and the like.
• Skin cleaning and deodorant formulations of the invention can be used in any type of skin cleaning or body deodorization formulations, for example hand soaps, body washes, shampoos, pre-operation scrubs, wound cleaners, personal deodorants, antiperspirants, etc.

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• 2014
  • 2014-08-15 WO PCT/US2014/051293 patent/WO2016024999A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2014-08-15 BR BR112017003068A patent/BR112017003068A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2014-08-15 EP EP14899661.4A patent/EP3179977A4/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2014-08-15 MX MX2017001560A patent/MX2017001560A/es unknown

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