WO2016010847A1 - Exhaust-gas turbocharger with thermally insulated casing - Google Patents
Exhaust-gas turbocharger with thermally insulated casing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016010847A1 WO2016010847A1 PCT/US2015/039913 US2015039913W WO2016010847A1 WO 2016010847 A1 WO2016010847 A1 WO 2016010847A1 US 2015039913 W US2015039913 W US 2015039913W WO 2016010847 A1 WO2016010847 A1 WO 2016010847A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- turbine housing
- exhaust
- gas turbocharger
- thermal insulation
- flow
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
- F02C6/10—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output supplying working fluid to a user, e.g. a chemical process, which returns working fluid to a turbine of the plant
- F02C6/12—Turbochargers, i.e. plants for augmenting mechanical power output of internal-combustion piston engines by increase of charge pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
- F01D25/14—Casings modified therefor
- F01D25/145—Thermally insulated casings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
- F02B39/005—Cooling of pump drives
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
Abstract
The invention relates to an exhaust-gas turbocharger (1) having a turbine housing (2) which has a turbine housing outer surface (3) and which has a spiral (4) and a turbine housing outlet (11), and having turbine housing thermal insulation (5) which has an outer shell (6) and a thermal insulation layer (7) between outer shell (6) and turbine housing outer surface (3), characterized in that, between the turbine housing outer surface (3) and the thermal insulation layer (7), there is arranged at least one flow duct (8) which has an inlet opening (9) and an outlet opening (10) which are arranged in the outer shell (6).
Description
EXHAUST-GAS TURBOCHARGER WITH THERMALLY INSULATED CASING
DESCRIPTION
The invention relates to an exhaust-gas turbocharger according to the preamble of claim 1.
The turbine housing of an exhaust-gas turbocharger of said type must, depending on its installation position, be equipped with turbine housing thermal insulation which, depending on the usage situation, may also be complete thermal insulation of the entire turbine housing. Tests carried out in the context of the invention have shown that, despite afterrunning of an afterrun pump and of the fan of the cooler after the engine has been shut down, a situation may arise in which the heat that is still present in the turbine housing migrates into the bearing housing and can cause the cooling water that is present in the bearing housing to boil. This can cause damage in the bearing housing and deterioration of the cooling water, if present. In the case of cooling water deterioration, this may necessitate an exchange interval.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an exhaust-gas turbocharger of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1 , with which it is possible for the heat flow from the turbine housing into the water-cooled bearing housing to be reduced, and thus for boiling of the cooling medium in the bearing housing to be prevented.
This object is achieved by the features of claim 1.
The exhaust-gas turbocharger according to the invention has, as is conventional, a compressor wheel which is arranged in a compressor housing. The compressor wheel is fastened to one end of a shaft which is mounted in a bearing housing which is connected by one end to the compressor housing and by its other end to the turbine housing. The turbine housing of the exhaust-gas turbocharger according to the invention has a turbine housing outer surface, a spiral and a turbine housing outlet. Furthermore, turbine housing thermal insulation is provided which has an outer shell and a thermal insulation layer between the outer shell and the turbine housing outer surface. To prevent an introduction of heat from the turbine housing into the bearing housing, with the associated problems discussed in the introduction, at least
one flow duct is arranged between the turbine housing outer surface and the thermal insulation layer, which flow duct has one or more inlet openings and outlet openings which are arranged in the outer shell.
This arrangement yields the advantage that, for the additional cooling of the turbine housing after all of the cooling assemblies of the engine in which the exhaust- gas turbocharger according to the invention is installed have been shut down, additional cooling of the turbine housing is made possible which is based on the utilization of the so-called chimney effect. For this purpose, the inlet opening and the outlet opening are arranged on the turbine housing such that, in the installed state of the exhaust-gas turbocharger, the inlet opening is arranged at the bottom, whereas the outlet opening is arranged at the top. This makes it possible to utilize the abovementioned chimney effect, which is a physical effect which gives rise to vertically directed air flows. This chimney effect is based on natural convection. For the exhaust-gas turbocharger according to the invention, this means that, even after all of the cooling assemblies of the engine have been shut down, cooling air can be introduced into the inlet opening of the flow duct, which cooling air is heated as it flows through the flow duct and flows out of the outlet opening in the heated state, such that a further cooling effect is possible. Even if said cooling effect amounts to only a few degrees Celsius, it is possible for heating of the cooling medium in the bearing housing to be kept below the critical temperature value, which is normally approximately 130°C.
In principle, it is possible according to the invention for the turbine housing thermal insulation to be partial insulation or full insulation. Particular advantages are attained if the insulation is complete insulation of the entire turbine housing.
The dependent claims contain advantageous developments of the invention.
In one embodiment, it is possible for the flow duct to be realized by way of a cutout of the thermal insulation layer adjacent to the turbine housing outer surface, which yields the advantage that no additional components have to be used. Furthermore, the advantage is attained that said type of cutout of the flow duct is very inexpensive.
It is however alternatively possible for the flow duct to be connected to a conduit pipe which can be prefabricated, which in turn yields the advantage that, here,
the profile and shaping of the conduit pipe can be influenced in a highly precise manner. The conduit pipe can discharge hot exhaust air at a suitable position in the engine bay. It is furthermore possible for a conduit pipe to be provided at the inlet opening, as this yields better admission of air in the ventilation phase (post-heating phase). If multiple inlets openings are provided, it is likewise possible for each of said inlet openings to be equipped with a corresponding conduit pipe. The provision of such conduit pipes yields the advantage that these can be positioned optimally in the air flow from the fan, and thus an improved inflow can be realized. This is particularly advantageous because the packaging in the engine bay is normally so dense that the flow from the fan does not optimally arrive at the inlets or inlet openings.
If the inlet opening faces toward the bearing housing and the outlet opening is arranged adjacent to the spiral of the turbine housing, this yields the advantage that the flow duct can be in the form of an annular duct, which in turn yields the advantage of very good heat discharge.
If the inlet opening has a larger cross section than the outlet opening, this yields the advantage that the chimney effect can be intensified, which in turn yields the advantage of improved heat discharge.
It is furthermore possible for the inlet opening to be equipped with a flow- guiding spoiler, which yields the advantage of an improved supply of air into the flow duct.
Alternatively or in addition to this, it is also possible for the outlet opening to be equipped with a flow-guiding spoiler of said type, which yields the advantage that a negative pressure can be generated at the outlet, which in turn improves the chimney effect and thus the heat discharge.
To yet further improve the heat discharge, it is furthermore possible for a multiplicity of flow-guiding ducts, in particular two flow-guiding ducts, to be provided.
In principle, however, it is also possible for a greater number of flow-guiding ducts to be provided, said number being dependent in particular on the structural form and size of the exhaust-gas turbocharger and the installation location thereof.
Claims 13 and 14 define a turbine housing according to the invention as an object which can be marketed independently.
Further details, advantages and features of the present invention can be found in the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing, in which:
Figure 1 shows a schematically greatly simplified illustration of an embodiment of an exhaust-gas turbocharger according to the invention,
Figure 2 shows a schematically greatly simplified basic illustration for explaining the mode of operation according to the invention,
Figures 3A and 3B show a plan view and a side view of the turbine housing according to the invention for explaining the form of an annular duct, and
Figures 4-8 show different views of the exhaust-gas turbocharger according to the invention for explaining the possible arrangements of inlet openings and outlet openings of a flow duct.
Figure 1 shows a schematically greatly simplified basic illustration of an embodiment of an exhaust-gas turbocharger 1 according to the invention. Adjacent to a compressor housing 14, in which a compressor wheel 15 is mounted on one end of a shaft 16, the exhaust-gas turbocharger 1 has a bearing housing 17 which serves for the mounting of the shaft 16 and which is connected at one side to the compressor housing 14 and at the other side to a turbine housing 2 of the exhaust-gas turbocharger 1, in which turbine housing a turbine wheel 18 is arranged.
The turbine housing 2 has a turbine housing outer surface 3, a spiral 4 and a turbine housing outlet 11.
As shown by the embodiment in Figure 1, the turbine housing 2 is equipped with thermal insulation 5, which has an outer shell 6 and a thermal insulation layer 7. In this case, the thermal insulation layer 7 is arranged between the outer shell 6 and the outer surface 3 of the turbine housing 2. In the embodiment in Figure 1, the thermal insulation 5 is in the form of partial thermal insulation. According to the invention, it is however also possible for the thermal insulation 5 to encase the entire turbine housing 2, wherein the advantages of the operating principles according to the invention are brought particularly to bear in the case of such full thermal insulation 5.
As is also shown in Figure 1, in the example, a flow duct 8 is provided between the outer surface 3 and the thermal insulation layer 7. The flow duct 8 has an inlet opening 9 and an outlet opening 10 which are formed in the outer shell 6. In the
installed state of the exhaust-gas turbocharger 1 according to the invention, the inlet opening 9 constitutes a lower opening, whereas the outlet opening 10 constitutes an opening situated at the top.
In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, the inlet opening 8 is arranged adjacent to the turbine outlet 11, whereas the outlet opening 10 is provided adjacent to the spiral 4.
Even though only one such flow duct 8 is provided in Figure 1, it is also possible according to the invention for two or more such flow ducts 8 to be provided around the turbine housing 2.
The operating principle of the arrangement according to the invention becomes clear when viewing Figures 1 and 2 together.
To permit heat discharge from the turbine housing 2 even after cooling systems of the engine in which the exhaust-gas turbocharger 1 is used have been shut down, the described flow duct 8 with its inlet opening 9 and its outlet opening 10 is provided. In this case, viewing Figures 1 and 2 together, it can be seen that fresh air, symbolized by the arrows FL, can enter the inlet opening 9, for which purpose said inlet opening may preferably be provided with a flow-guiding spoiler 12 which facilitates the introduction of the fresh air FL.
After the fresh air FL has entered the inlet opening 9, it flows through the flow duct 8 and warms up. Owing to the chimney effect that is generated, said flow is realized without further auxiliary means.
After flowing through the flow duct 8, the heated air, which is symbolized in Figures 1 and 2 by the double arrows EL, emerges from the outlet opening 10. To permit flow guidance and to make it possible for a negative pressure to be generated at the outlet opening 10, said outlet opening is preferably equipped with a flow-guiding spoiler 13. As indicated in Figure 1 by the dashed lines, it is possible for a conduit pipe 19 to be connected to the outlet opening 10 of the flow duct 8, which conduit pipe can discharge the heated exhaust air EL at a suitable position in the engine bay, in order that the cooling effect can be brought even more effectively to bear. As is also shown in Figure 1, it is also possible for a conduit pipe 20 to be connected to the inlet opening 9 in order to improve the inflow of fresh air FL, in particular in the case of the exhaust-
gas turbocharger 1 according to the invention being installed in densely packaged engine bays.
By means of this arrangement or by means of these operating principles, it is possible, even after the cooling systems of the engine have been shut down, for residual heat to be discharged from the turbine housing 2 in order to prevent the turbine housing 2 heating the cooling medium therein owing to the connection of said turbine housing to the bearing housing 17, which in the prior art has, in extreme cases, led to boiling of the cooling medium.
As discussed in the introduction, it is possible for the flow duct 8 to be produced adjacent to the outer surface 3 by removal of material of the thermal insulation layer 7. This may be performed at the factory or may also be performed retroactively on existing turbine housings 2.
Viewing Figures 3A and 3B together, it is clear that the flow duct 8 may be in the form of an annular duct 8R. Said annular duct 8R in turn also has an inlet opening 9 situated at the bottom and an outlet opening 10 situated at the top, this in turn being the case in the installed state of the exhaust-gas turbocharger 1.
Figure 4 shows a part of the turbine housing 2 with a two-channel spiral or volute 4, wherein the flow-guiding duct 8 is in turn realized by the cutting-out of a part of the thermal insulation material 7 of the turbine housing thermal insulation 5.
Figure 5 shows another view of the turbine housing 2 as per Figure 4, wherein the flow duct 8 is again realized by the cutting-out of the thermal insulation layer 7, and the inlet opening 9 is shown, at the bottom in the installed state of the turbocharger 1, into which inlet opening fresh air FL can flow, whereafter the fresh air FL flows through the flow-guiding duct 8 to the outlet opening 10.
Figure 6 shows another view of the turbine housing 2 as per Figure 5, in order to illustrate that, in this embodiment, a second inlet 9' is provided which leads to a second flow duct which is not visible in Figure 6, as it is possible according to the invention to provide either only one flow duct 8 or a greater number of flow ducts in the turbine housing 2.
Figures 7 and 8 show the turbine housing 2 as per Figures 5 and 6, wherein, in
Figures 7 and 8, the outlet openings 10 and 10' with their associated flow-guiding spoilers 13 and 13' can be seen. Here, Figure 7 shows the second outlet opening 10' of
the associated second flow duct 8', whereas Figure 8 illustrates the first outlet opening 10 of the associated flow duct 8. In these embodiments, too, the outlet openings 10 and 10' are arranged at the top in the installed state of the turbine housing 2 or of the exhaust-gas turbocharger 1.
Figures 3-8 illustrate possible arrangements for the inlet opening and outlet opening and for the provision of two flow ducts.
In addition to the above written description of the invention, reference is hereby explicitly made, for additional disclosure thereof, to the diagrammatic illustration of the invention in Figures 1 to 8.
LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS
1 Exhaust-gas turbocharger
2 Turbine housing
3 Turbine housing outer surface
4 Spiral
5 Turbine housing thermal insulation
6 Outer shell
7 Insulation layer
8, 8' Flow duct
8 A Cutout in the thermal insulation layer 7
8R Annular duct
9, 9' Inlet opening
10, 10 Outlet opening
11 Turbine housing outlet
12, 13 Flow-guiding spoiler
14 Compressor housing
15 Compressor wheel
16 Shaft
17 Bearing housing
18 Turbine wheel
19, 20 Conduit pipes
L Longitudinal axis of the exhaust-gas turbocharger FL Arrow for fresh air
EL Arrow for heated air
Claims
1. An exhaust-gas turbocharger ( 1 )
having a turbine housing (2)
- which has a turbine housing outer surface (3) and
which has a spiral (4) and a turbine housing outlet (11), and
having turbine housing thermal insulation (5),
characterized
- in that, between the turbine housing outer surface (3) and an outer shell
(6) of the turbine housing thermal insulation (5), there is arranged at least one flow duct (8) which has an inlet opening (9) and an outlet opening (10) which are arranged in the outer shell (6).
2. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the flow duct (8) is formed by a cutout (8A) in a thermal insulation layer (7) of the turbine housing thermal insulation (5).
3. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the flow duct (8) can be connected to a conduit pipe (19) which can be connected to the outlet opening (10).
4. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the inlet opening (9) is arranged so as to face toward a bearing housing (17) which is attached to the turbine housing (2).
5. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the outlet opening (10) is arranged adjacent to the spiral (4).
6. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the inlet opening (9) has a larger cross section than the outlet opening (10).
7. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the flow duct is in the form of an annular duct (8R).
8. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the inlet opening (9) is equipped with a flow-guiding spoiler (12).
9. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the outlet opening (10) is equipped with a flow-guiding spoiler (13).
10. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a multiplicity of flow ducts (8) is provided.
11. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that the thermal insulation layer (7) is arranged between the outer shell (6) and the turbine housing outer surface (3).
12. The exhaust-gas turbocharger as claimed in one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the turbine housing (2) is equipped with full thermal insulation
(5) .
13. A turbine housing (2) of an exhaust-gas turbocharger (1),
which has a turbine housing outer surface (3) and
which has a spiral (4) and a turbine housing outlet (11), and which is equipped with turbine housing thermal insulation (5), characterized
in that, between the turbine housing outer surface (3) and an outer shell
(6) of the turbine housing thermal insulation (5), there is arranged at least one flow
duct (8) which has an inlet opening (9) and an outlet opening (10) which are arranged in the outer shell (6).
14. The turbine housing as claimed in claim 13, characterized by at least one of claims 2 to 12.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112015003273.8T DE112015003273T5 (en) | 2014-07-16 | 2015-07-10 | turbocharger |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014213861 | 2014-07-16 | ||
DE102014213861.2 | 2014-07-16 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2016010847A1 true WO2016010847A1 (en) | 2016-01-21 |
Family
ID=53716603
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2015/039913 WO2016010847A1 (en) | 2014-07-16 | 2015-07-10 | Exhaust-gas turbocharger with thermally insulated casing |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE112015003273T5 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016010847A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102016209951A1 (en) | 2016-06-07 | 2017-12-07 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Composite turbine housing |
WO2020003096A1 (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2020-01-02 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Heat insulating sheet member, an exhaust gas introduction path and a turbocharger |
WO2023026581A1 (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2023-03-02 | 株式会社Ihi | Supercharger |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2341664A (en) * | 1939-12-27 | 1944-02-15 | Schutte Alfred | Casing for gas turbines |
DE848122C (en) * | 1941-07-18 | 1952-09-01 | Maybach Motorenbau Gmbh | Device for cooling the interior of an internal combustion engine, in particular for motor vehicles |
CH402515A (en) * | 1961-04-04 | 1965-11-15 | Prvni Brnenska Strojirna | Device for removing the cooling air from turbochargers |
EP0014941A1 (en) * | 1979-02-14 | 1980-09-03 | Gutehoffnungshütte Sterkrade Aktiengesellschaft | Cooled turbine or compressor casing |
US4300349A (en) * | 1978-09-29 | 1981-11-17 | Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft | Gas turbine with heat-insulating lining |
JPS59180032A (en) * | 1983-03-30 | 1984-10-12 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | Cooling apparatus for exhaust turbocharger |
EP1806489A1 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2007-07-11 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Exhaust gas turbine supercharger |
-
2015
- 2015-07-10 WO PCT/US2015/039913 patent/WO2016010847A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-07-10 DE DE112015003273.8T patent/DE112015003273T5/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2341664A (en) * | 1939-12-27 | 1944-02-15 | Schutte Alfred | Casing for gas turbines |
DE848122C (en) * | 1941-07-18 | 1952-09-01 | Maybach Motorenbau Gmbh | Device for cooling the interior of an internal combustion engine, in particular for motor vehicles |
CH402515A (en) * | 1961-04-04 | 1965-11-15 | Prvni Brnenska Strojirna | Device for removing the cooling air from turbochargers |
US4300349A (en) * | 1978-09-29 | 1981-11-17 | Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft | Gas turbine with heat-insulating lining |
EP0014941A1 (en) * | 1979-02-14 | 1980-09-03 | Gutehoffnungshütte Sterkrade Aktiengesellschaft | Cooled turbine or compressor casing |
JPS59180032A (en) * | 1983-03-30 | 1984-10-12 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | Cooling apparatus for exhaust turbocharger |
EP1806489A1 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2007-07-11 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Exhaust gas turbine supercharger |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102016209951A1 (en) | 2016-06-07 | 2017-12-07 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Composite turbine housing |
US11008891B2 (en) | 2016-06-07 | 2021-05-18 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Assembled turbine housing |
WO2020003096A1 (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2020-01-02 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Heat insulating sheet member, an exhaust gas introduction path and a turbocharger |
WO2023026581A1 (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2023-03-02 | 株式会社Ihi | Supercharger |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE112015003273T5 (en) | 2017-05-18 |
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