WO2016006986A1 - Réfrigérateur fonctionnant avec une source de froid naturelle renouvelable - Google Patents

Réfrigérateur fonctionnant avec une source de froid naturelle renouvelable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016006986A1
WO2016006986A1 PCT/KZ2015/000009 KZ2015000009W WO2016006986A1 WO 2016006986 A1 WO2016006986 A1 WO 2016006986A1 KZ 2015000009 W KZ2015000009 W KZ 2015000009W WO 2016006986 A1 WO2016006986 A1 WO 2016006986A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refrigerator
cold
compartment
agent
heat
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KZ2015/000009
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Анатолий Васильевич КОВШИК
Original Assignee
Анатолий Васильевич КОВШИК
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Анатолий Васильевич КОВШИК filed Critical Анатолий Васильевич КОВШИК
Priority to RU2015135400A priority Critical patent/RU2015135400A/ru
Publication of WO2016006986A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016006986A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D1/00—Devices using naturally cold air or cold water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to refrigeration, and in particular to cold storage batteries for use primarily in food storage facilities.
  • a refrigerator is also known in the form of a carriage — a glacier that includes a thermally insulated body equipped with cold storage tanks in the form of tanks filled periodically with natural or artificial crushed ice (see V. A. Bobrov, “Production and Use of Ice”, M., “Food Industry” 1977, p. 87).
  • the disadvantage of this refrigerator is the need for its multiple refueling with a supply of ice.
  • the closest in technical essence is a refrigerator operating on a renewable natural source of cold, including a thermally insulated room of the refrigerator, in which tanks for accumulating a cold-accumulating agent in the form of water or brine are installed, into which vertically oriented hermetic tube coolers in the form of “heat pipes” are introduced with their lower part “Filled with a cold-transfer agent, for example, kerosene or chladone. “Heat pipes” are brought out with their upper part through the ceiling from the working room of the refrigerator to the outside for contact with ambient air.
  • the “heat pipes” pump the cold into the tanks filled with a coolant, providing in them the freezing temperature of the liquid close to the minimum temperature of the winter period, and after the onset of the warm period they self-lock.
  • the disadvantage of this refrigerator is the low utilization of the volume of the working room of the refrigerator, the high cost of the tanks for storing the cold storage agent.
  • the basis of the invention is the task of increasing the utilization of the usable volume of the working room of the refrigerator, simplifying and cheapening the process of creating reservoirs for storing cold-accumulating liquid.
  • the technical result consists in refusing to place tanks for storing the cold storage agent in the working room of the refrigerator.
  • the technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known refrigerator, including a thermally insulated room of the refrigerator for storing products and a cold storage heat insulated tank (s) for storing a cold storage agent, into which a vertically oriented sealed tubular cooler (coolers) is introduced in its lower part in the form of a “heat pipe” and removed, in turn, with its upper part (head) into the environment outside the working space of the refrigerator, according to
  • the cold storage tank is removed outside the working room of the refrigerator and is made separate in the form of a heat-insulated compartment for storing the cold-storage agent using a heat-insulated partition.
  • a compartment for storing a cold-accumulating agent is placed under the working room of the refrigerator, and a thermally insulated partition is carried as a carrier in the form of a multilayer horizontally located ceiling.
  • a compartment for storing a cold-accumulating agent can be placed next to the working room of the refrigerator, and the heat-insulated partition between them is made vertical, bearing.
  • the waterproofing of the cold storage agent storage compartment can be applied directly to the inner surface of the walls and bottom of the compartment.
  • the waterproofing of the walls and bottom of the cold storage agent storage compartment can be made in the form of a soft, sealed plastic or rubber tank in the shape of the compartment or in a partitioned form using several soft tanks.
  • the bottom and walls of the cold storage compartment can be made of waterproof concrete.
  • a vertically oriented “heat pipe” (“heat pipes”) can be installed strictly vertically. Also vertically oriented “heat pipe” (“heat pipes can be installed obliquely.
  • the “heat pipe” is made articulated from vertically and inclined sections hermetically connected to each other. :
  • the "heat pipe” can be made partitioned.
  • the lower part of the “heat pipe”, placed in the storage compartment of the cold-accumulating agent, can be narrowed down.
  • the compartment for storing the cold-accumulating agent can be provided with side pockets that go beyond the dimensions of the worker ; premises. 80 refrigerators.
  • the compartment for storing the cold-accumulating agent can be provided inside with a compensator (s) for the thermal expansion of the cold-accumulating agent during its phase transition from liquid to solid.
  • the compartment for storing the cold storage agent 85 can be equipped with a compensator for the thermal expansion of the cold storage agent during its phase transition, located between the walls of the compartment and the waterproofing.
  • expansion joints for the thermal expansion of the cold-accumulating agent during its phase transition can be performed 90 in the form of inflatable elastic elements.
  • the implementation of the cold storage tank in the form of a separate compartment located outside the working space of the refrigerator can significantly increase its usable volume.
  • Placing the compartment for placing the cold-accumulating agent under the 115 working space of the refrigerator allows for maximum areal contact with the working space of the refrigerator, and the implementation of a thermally insulated horizontal partition between them in the form of a bearing overlap allows for optimal loading of the product onto the supporting surface.
  • the use of a soft, sealed reservoir made of plastic or rubber made by the manufacturer for storage of the cold storage agent 130 simplifies the design of the refrigerator as much as possible, shortens the construction time, and most importantly, allows aggressive brines, for example, NaCl and CaCl brines, to be used as the cold storage agent. 2 having low freezing temperatures.
  • the use of sectionalized flexible 135 tanks facilitates installation work, as well as simplifies the placement of supports under an upstream insulated carrier floor.
  • thermo pipes consisting of vertical and inclined sections allows the output of the upper vertically located sections of the "heat pipes” to the surrounding space, bypassing the working space of the refrigerator, while maximizing the length of the active cooling zone and the heating zone of the "heat pipe”.
  • the compensators are made in the form of deformable elements located between the side walls of the compartment and the soft reservoir, which facilitates the installation and replacement of expansion joints.
  • expansion joints for the thermal expansion of the cold-storage liquid be made in the form of elastic inflatable elements, which allows multiple ten-percent compensation of the expansion of water and salt solutions during freezing.
  • windows with an adjustable cross-section using covers in 180 horizontal ceilings allows you to adjust the transfer of cold to the working room of the refrigerator and thereby maintain a given temperature regime.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a refrigerator with a horizontally located
  • FIG. 2 shows in cross section a refrigerator with a horizontal partition and "heat pipes" of various designs.
  • FIG. 3 shows the refrigerator in FIG. 2 in the context of A-A
  • FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of a vertical carrier refrigerator
  • FIG. 5 refrigerator in FIG. 4 in the context of BB.
  • FIG. G shows a modification of the refrigerator with a refrigerator that is optimized in terms of usable volume and ease of maintenance.
  • the refrigerator in FIG. G contains a thermally insulated working room from above and from the sides of the refrigerator 1, a compartment located below it for storing the cold storage agent 2, between which. a thermally insulated supporting horizontal partition is located 3. Through the overlap of the working room of the refrigerator 5 and further through the supporting partition of the storage compartment
  • compensators 7 are installed (suspended) for the temperature expansion of the cold-accumulating liquid during its phase transition from liquid to solid.
  • compensators 7 can be used wooden bars, hollow elastic products, products from porous materials with closed pores.
  • 225 is made in the same way as in FIG. 1, but different in that. that the compartment for accommodating the cold storage liquid is equipped with pockets 8 extending beyond the upper working room of the refrigerator, and “heat pipes” 9 consisting of a vertical section in contact with the heater are passed through a thermally insulated pocket overlap outside the working room of the refrigerator
  • the refrigerator (Figs. 2 and 3), there are also installed “heat pipes” 10 passing through the working space of the refrigerator, in which the lower inclined sections are oriented towards the lower inclined sections of the “heat pipes” 9.
  • the “heat pipes” 11 can be mounted obliquely, as shown in the right pocket of FIG. 2 and are equipped in the lower and upper parts with ribs acting as radiators.
  • the refrigerator in FIG. 4 and 5 comprise a working room of a refrigerator 12, separated from a compartment 13 for storing a cold storage agent, by a carrier 240 with a heat-insulated and waterproofed partition 14.
  • the working room of the refrigerator 12 is equipped with a thermally insulated ceiling 15.
  • the side and lower walls of the compartment 13 are equipped with a layer of thermal insulation and waterproofing applied directly to it, and a window (s) 16 is made in the vertical supporting partition 14, which is closed by a waterproofing in a closed 245, the position of the cover 17.
  • a heat transfer metal panel 18 made, for example, in the form of box-shaped structures with developed contact with a cold storage agent.
  • a “heat pipe” 19 is installed on top, the upper end of which is brought into the space surrounding the refrigerator.
  • On the right side of the working room of the refrigerator 12 is a compartment 20 for storage
  • a T-shaped radiator 26 is installed between the soft reservoirs 22 against the window 24 with the lid 25.
  • tubular rubber expansion joints 27 for thermal expansion of the cold storage agent are installed.
  • FIG. 6 shows a sectional view of a refrigerator in which a working
  • the refrigerator room 28 is blocked from above by a heat-insulated ceiling 31, through which vertical sections of “heat pipes” 32 are passed along the walls, the lower inclined sections of which are located in the compartment 30 with a cold storage agent and are oriented towards the corresponding inclined sections of “heat pipes installed! from the opposite side.
  • windows 34 with covers 35 are made to control the thermal regime of the working room of the refrigerator by partially or fully opening and closing them.
  • the cold storage compartments 2,8,13,20,30 are filled with a cold storage agent - a liquid capable of changing the state of aggregation in the desired range of subzero temperatures.
  • Cold-conducting sealed “heat pipes” 4,9,10.19,23,32 are filled with an agent transporting cold from top to bottom due to convection or condensation of vapors in the presence of a temperature gradient.
  • a non-freezing liquid, 280 for example, kerosene or a low-boiling liquid, for example, liquefied chladone or propane, is used as a cold-transfer agent.
  • the cold-accumulating liquid freezes at sub-zero temperatures, which allows to accumulate a greater amount of cold when its aggregate state changes than when it is simply cooled. In this case, to create an ordered vertical movement of the layers of “cold” and “warm”
  • 300 kerosene “heat pipe” can be tilted from the vertical along its entire length or partially, which contributes to the separation of the warm and cold layers of kerosene and increasing convection accelerates the accumulation of cold.
  • the refrigerator body may be buried below the zero mark of the soil.
  • the refrigerator body can be placed above the zero mark to ensure reliable insulation of surfaces in contact with open air and the bottom of the working room 320 of the refrigerator. Necessary in all cases is the use of a thermally insulated vestibule at the entrance to the working room of the refrigerator.
  • the outer walls of the body of an in-depth refrigerator can either be provided with reliable thermal insulation from the surrounding soil, or, conversely, they can create maximum contact with the surrounding soil to freeze it with 325 creating a thermal barrier and thereby - to minimize the flow of cold into the soil from the refrigerator itself.
  • the soil around the case is moistened before freezing and additional “heat pipes” are installed in the soil.
  • Cold storage compartments are thermally insulated from the working room 330 of the refrigerator, while thermal insulation can be applied (attached) directly to the inner surface of the compartments, or remotely constructed from it in the form of insulating partitions with the formation of an air thermal barrier.
  • bituminous mastics bituminous mastics, polymer paints, epoxy and polymer coatings.
  • the application of the proposed refrigerator options makes it possible to organize 355 providing refrigerators of a new type with objects remote from energy sources, such as distant pastures, fishing bases, field mills, harvesting points, etc., and also to refuse to use electric energy for the operation of large-scale stationary refrigerators, for example, for storing vegetables, fruits, perishable goods, cameras for ripening cheeses.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

Un réfrigérateur fonctionnant avec une source de froid naturelle renouvelable comprend un emplacement isolé thermiquement du réfrigérateur pour stocker des produits, un réservoir isolé thermiquement d'accumulation de froid pour stocker un agent d'accumulation de froid, un élément de réfrigération tubulaire et hermétique orienté verticalement. Le refroidisseur hermétique en forme de tube thermique, dont la partie inférieure est disposée dans le réservoir pour agent d'accumulation de froid, la partie supérieure menant vers le milieu environnant au-delà de l'espace de travail du réfrigérateur. Selon l'invention, le réservoir d'accumulation de froid est disposé au-delà des limites de l'emplacement de travail du réfrigérateur et se présente notamment sous forme d'un segment isolé thermiquement à l'aide de la paroi isolée thermiquement. Cette invention permet de simplifier le coefficient d'utilisation de l'espace de travail du réfrigérateur et de simplifier la conception du réservoir pour stocker le liquide d'accumulation de froid.
PCT/KZ2015/000009 2014-07-10 2015-07-09 Réfrigérateur fonctionnant avec une source de froid naturelle renouvelable WO2016006986A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2015135400A RU2015135400A (ru) 2014-07-10 2015-07-09 Холодильник, работающий на возобновляемом природном источнике холода

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KZ20140940 2014-07-10
KZ2014/0940.1 2014-07-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016006986A1 true WO2016006986A1 (fr) 2016-01-14

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RU (1) RU2015135400A (fr)
WO (1) WO2016006986A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1354006A1 (ru) * 1985-05-27 1987-11-23 Московская сельскохозяйственная академия им.К.А.Тимирязева Хранилище дл продуктов
US5357761A (en) * 1993-10-01 1994-10-25 Schauer Curtis S Universal thermal insert for beverage containers
RU2023384C1 (ru) * 1991-07-22 1994-11-30 Дагестанский Политехнический Институт Устройство для хранения сельскохозяйственных продуктов
RU2123648C1 (ru) * 1997-10-03 1998-12-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Рютар" Способ аккумулирования холода и устройство для его реализации
RU83831U1 (ru) * 2008-12-09 2009-06-20 Александр Иванович Абросимов Гравитационная тепловая труба
RU121351U1 (ru) * 2012-06-07 2012-10-20 Александр Анатольевич Васильев Хранилище для пищевых продуктов

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1354006A1 (ru) * 1985-05-27 1987-11-23 Московская сельскохозяйственная академия им.К.А.Тимирязева Хранилище дл продуктов
RU2023384C1 (ru) * 1991-07-22 1994-11-30 Дагестанский Политехнический Институт Устройство для хранения сельскохозяйственных продуктов
US5357761A (en) * 1993-10-01 1994-10-25 Schauer Curtis S Universal thermal insert for beverage containers
RU2123648C1 (ru) * 1997-10-03 1998-12-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Рютар" Способ аккумулирования холода и устройство для его реализации
RU83831U1 (ru) * 2008-12-09 2009-06-20 Александр Иванович Абросимов Гравитационная тепловая труба
RU121351U1 (ru) * 2012-06-07 2012-10-20 Александр Анатольевич Васильев Хранилище для пищевых продуктов

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