WO2016004818A1 - Customized abutment assembly and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Customized abutment assembly and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016004818A1
WO2016004818A1 PCT/CN2015/082043 CN2015082043W WO2016004818A1 WO 2016004818 A1 WO2016004818 A1 WO 2016004818A1 CN 2015082043 W CN2015082043 W CN 2015082043W WO 2016004818 A1 WO2016004818 A1 WO 2016004818A1
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Prior art keywords
abutment
implant
connecting section
printing
angle
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PCT/CN2015/082043
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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林锦新
卢衍锦
甘艺良
黄永才
吴松全
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福建中科康钛材料科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2016004818A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016004818A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of biomedical engineering technology, in particular to a personalized abutment assembly and a preparation method thereof.
  • the implant is a structure implanted in the bone tissue, which acts as a natural root to support the retention and other functions.
  • the abutment is the part above the implant that penetrates the gums and is exposed to the oral cavity. It is the key structure connecting the upper denture and the lower implant.
  • the shape of the abutment and the connection of the planting abutment to the implant denture Stability, fixation and aesthetics play an important role.
  • the neck design of the implant abutment directly affects the rim shape of the implant-supported full crown restoration and The health of the surrounding soft tissue; the standard abutment has a single shape, which cannot fundamentally meet the needs of individualized repair of patients. If you can design a personalized abutment with aesthetic anatomy similar to the patient's natural teeth, you can promote the formation of the gums, combining the two steps of piercing and gum shaping, thus reducing the cost of treatment and the cost of temporary crowns. And can improve the shape of the rim after planting and repairing. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a personalized abutment system suitable for individual needs.
  • oral implant restoration has achieved a long-term success rate of more than 90% after decades of development.
  • the operation procedure is complicated and the initial stability is not good. It is difficult to place the implant and the abutment during the repair process.
  • the micro-motion of the abutment relative to the implant causes a gap to be generated, thereby causing leakage. Problems such as looseness of the abutment and screws, which may lead to implant restoration Not ideal or repair failed.
  • the success of implant denture restoration depends to a large extent on the shape, height, taper, material, proper number, reasonable distribution of the abutment and the acquisition of the common position.
  • the abutment can be divided into various types according to the connection mode, function, material, etc., and can be divided into a finished (or pre-formed) abutment and a customized abutment according to the production method.
  • the internal connection is usually adopted. This method is the trend and direction of the development of the planting system because it exhibits better performance in terms of anti-rotation, conduction and dispersion stress.
  • abutment loosening is still the most common phenomenon in the clinic. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the current abutment and increase the stability of the abutment in the cavity.
  • the personalized planting abutments can be divided into the following categories according to the processing technology: 1 special modified and modified base, the large abutment will be manually adjusted according to the needs of the required shape, the general operation is difficult, take more time, In particular, the modified zirconia abutment may cause microcracks on the surface, causing damage to the abutment. 2UCLA abutment, the upper wax cylinder or plastic is modified and then waxed into the required shape and then cast together with the lower metal substrate. The method has many processing steps and needs to be cast with precious metal, and the processing cost is high.
  • the abutment angle ⁇ and the abutment shape of the abutment body of the present invention are personalized abutments that are adapted to the angle and shape of the patient's teeth and implants according to the angle and shape of the patient's teeth and implants. Therefore, it fully satisfies the individualized needs of different patients, which not only helps to improve the aesthetic effect of the teeth, but also conforms to the physiological functions of the teeth. Moreover, the hospital does not need to reserve a large number of products for clinical selection, thereby maximizing the medical cost.
  • the present invention is implemented as follows:
  • a personalized abutment assembly characterized in that it comprises a base body, a fixing bolt and a lock washer connected between the implant and the base body, the base body comprising a crown connecting section and a piercing a segment and an implant connecting section, wherein the base body is provided with a stepped hole extending through the crown connecting section, the piercing section and the implant connecting section, wherein the stepped hole is located at one end of the implant connecting section to match the fixing bolt
  • the threaded hole, the other end is a light hole having a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the bolt head of the fixing bolt; the abutment angle ⁇ of the abutment body and the abutment shape are made according to the angle and shape of the patient's teeth and the implant.
  • a personalized abutment adapted to the angle and shape of the patient's teeth and implants, the abutment angle ⁇ being located at the crown connecting section The angle between the midline and the midline of the implant connection segment.
  • the base body, the fixing bolt and the lock washer are made of titanium or titanium alloy powder and are manufactured by 3D printing technology.
  • the fixing bolt has a pitch ranging from 0.1 to 0.3 mm; the locking washer has a thickness of 0.1-0.5 mm, and the outer diameter is less than or equal to an outer diameter of the bolt head of the fixing bolt.
  • the abutment body may be an inner connecting base that is connected to the upper end of the implant, and the outer peripheral wall of the implant connecting section of the inner connecting base is correspondingly coupled with the inner hole of the upper end of the implant, and the inner connecting base is planted.
  • the length of the body connecting section is 2-4 mm; the lower section of the piercing section of the inner connecting abutment is provided with a frustum, and the angle of the frustum is 1-4°.
  • the abutment body may also be an outer connecting base that is connected to the upper end of the implant.
  • the implant connecting section of the outer connecting base is provided with an interface at the lower end of the threaded hole and correspondingly connected with the outer wall of the upper end of the implant.
  • the materials of the abutment body, the fixing bolts and the lock washer are made of titanium or titanium alloy powder.
  • a preparation method for preparing a personalized abutment assembly characterized in that the method comprises sequential 3D scanning, CAD modeling, 3D printing and heat treatment;
  • the 3D scanning is to obtain the angle and shape information of the crown connecting section, the piercing section and the implant connecting section of the abutment body by scanning the plaster model of the patient's teeth with a 3D scanner or directly scanning the teeth in the patient's mouth;
  • the CAD modeling is based on the data obtained by the three-dimensional software scanning, and then combined with the tooth position and shape of the patient's teeth to design a personalized abutment that meets the requirements, and then the designed personalized abutment is three-dimensionally sliced, each layer
  • the thickness is in the range of 10-50 ⁇ m, and the processed data is stored in the CL file format;
  • the 3D printing comprises the following steps: 1 input CL file; 2 titanium-based powder laying; 3 laser scanning printing; 4 lifting powder cylinder rising, molding cylinder falling; 5 repeating steps 2-4 until printing is completed;
  • the printing material used for the 3D printing is titanium or titanium alloy powder, and the powder particle size is between 5-40 ⁇ m;
  • the heat treatment is an annealing treatment under a vacuum or an argon atmosphere.
  • the process parameters of the 3D printing are: the thickness of each layer is 20-45 ⁇ m; the laser power is 10-200 W, the spot of the laser is controlled at 10-100 ⁇ m; the speed of the line scanning is controlled at 3-7 m/s.
  • the annealing treatment temperature is 510-690 ° C
  • the holding time is 1-5 hours
  • the degree of vacuum at the time of annealing under vacuum is 1.5 ⁇ 10 -3 - 1.5 ⁇ 10 -6 Pa.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the abutment body of the present invention is made according to the tooth position, shape and implant type of the patient's human body, so that the doctor is more targeted when designing the abutment, since the abutment angle ⁇ and the abutment form are According to the angle and shape of the patient's teeth and implants, it is compatible with the angle and shape of the patient's teeth and implants, so it can fully meet the individual needs of different patients, especially the poor local conditions and restorations in the planting area.
  • the aesthetically demanding anterior teeth area not only helps to improve the aesthetic effect of the teeth, but also conforms to the physiological functions of the teeth; in addition, the hospital does not need to reserve a large number of products for clinical selection, which greatly saves medical costs;
  • the angle and shape of the base body can be arbitrary. According to the angle and shape of the patient's teeth and implants, it can be fully adapted to the human oral environment.
  • the threaded holes inside the base body can be directly printed out accurately by 3D printing technology, which not only avoids post processing. Possible damage to the base body, and even if the base angle ⁇ is greater than 0, it can be easily and conveniently printed by 3D printing technology, which is impossible in the prior art;
  • the invention adds internal threads in the connecting section of the implant, and adds a anti-loose gasket between the fixing bolt and the base body for shock absorption and shock absorption, the stability of the connection between the abutment body and the implant body is greatly improved. Sexuality, increasing the success rate of planting;
  • the invention adopts the 3D printing one-time forming technology, and the manufacturing precision is higher than the existing production technology, such as cutting technology, and can easily process various complex shapes and personalized abutments, which not only improves the aesthetic effect of the front teeth, but also conforms to The physiological function of the posterior teeth;
  • the invention adopts 3D printing technology to prepare a personalized base station, which is a green additive manufacturing technology, and has lower cost and higher efficiency than conventional casting, cutting and other subtraction techniques;
  • the personalized base provided by the invention has the advantages of reasonable structure, convenient operation, scientific and easy promotion.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded view of the connecting base in the personalized base assembly of the present invention (a base body 1/4 section);
  • Figure 2 is a two-dimensional front view of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the three-dimensional structure of the base body of the structural example 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the three-dimensional structure of the base body of the structural example 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the three-dimensional structure of the base body of the structural example 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the three-dimensional structure of the base body of the structural example 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is an exploded view of the outer base of the personalized base assembly of the present invention (a 1/4 section of the base body).
  • Embodiment 1 A personalized abutment assembly, characterized in that, as shown in FIG. 1, it comprises a base body 1, a fixing bolt 2 connected between the implant and the base body 1, and an anti-proof a loose gasket 3, the abutment body 1 includes a crown connecting section 1-1, a piercing section 1-2 and an implant connecting section 1-3, and the base body is provided with a through-crown connecting section 1- 1.
  • a stepped hole through the squat section 1-2 and the implant connecting section 1-3, the stepped hole being located at one end of the implant connecting section 1-3 is a threaded hole 1-5 matching the fixing bolt 2, and the other end
  • the aperture 1-4 having a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the bolt head 2-1 of the fixing bolt 2; the abutment angle ⁇ of the abutment body 1 and the abutment shape are according to the angle and shape of the patient's teeth and the implant
  • a personalized abutment that is adapted to the angle and shape of the patient's teeth and implants, the abutment angle a being the midline of the crown connecting segment 1-1 and the midline of the implant connecting segment 1-3 The angle between them is shown in Figure 2.
  • the interface form of the implant connecting section 1-3 can be determined according to different planting systems at home and abroad, such as: Swedish Nobel, Swiss ITI, German Friadent, Korean OSSTEM, American 3I, German Bego, American Zmmer and other planting systems.
  • the base body 1, the fixing bolt 2 and the lock washer 3 are made of titanium or titanium alloy powder by a 3D printing technique.
  • the fixing bolt 2 has a pitch ranging from 0.1 to 0.3 mm; the locking washer 3 has a thickness of 0.1-0.5 mm, and the outer diameter is less than or equal to the outer diameter of the bolt head 2-1 of the fixing bolt;
  • the sheet can be closed or open.
  • the abutment body 1 may be an inner connecting abutment that is connected to the upper end of the implant, and the implant of the inner connecting abutment
  • the outer peripheral wall of the connecting section 1-3 is correspondingly coupled with the inner hole of the upper end of the implant, and the length of the implant connecting section 1-3 of the inner connecting base is 2-4 mm; the lower section of the inner connecting base is 1-2 It has a frustum with a frustum angle of 1-4 degrees.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the outer connecting base of the present invention.
  • the abutting body 1 can also be an outer connecting base that is externally connected with the upper end of the implant, and the implant connecting section 1 of the outer connecting base
  • the -3 body is provided with an interface 1-6 located at the lower end of the threaded hole 1-5 and correspondingly connected to the outer wall of the upper end of the implant.
  • the materials of the abutment body 1, the fixing bolt 2 and the lock washer 3 are made of titanium or titanium alloy powder, such as commercially available pure titanium and Ti6Al4V, and also include the following titanium alloys:
  • Ti-Ta-based binary or multi-element alloy Ti-Ta-Zr, Ti-Ta-Zr-Fe, and the like.
  • Embodiment 2 A method for preparing a personalized abutment assembly, characterized in that the method comprises sequential 3D scanning, CAD modeling, 3D printing and heat treatment;
  • the 3D scanning is to obtain a gypsum model of a patient's teeth by using a 3D scanner or directly scan the teeth of the patient's mouth to obtain a crown connecting section 1-1, a piercing section 1-2, and an implant connecting section of the abutment body 1.
  • the CAD modeling is based on the data obtained by the three-dimensional software scanning, and then combined with the tooth position and shape of the patient's teeth to design a personalized abutment that meets the requirements, and then the designed personalized abutment is three-dimensionally sliced, each layer
  • the thickness is in the range of 10-50 ⁇ m, and the processed data is stored in the CL file format;
  • the 3D printing comprises the following steps: 1 input CL file; 2 titanium-based powder laying; 3 laser scanning printing; 4 lifting powder cylinder rising, molding cylinder falling; 5 repeating steps 2-4 until printing is completed;
  • the printing material used for the 3D printing is titanium or titanium alloy powder, and the powder particle size is between 5-40 ⁇ m;
  • the heat treatment is an annealing treatment under a vacuum or an argon atmosphere.
  • the process parameters of the 3D printing are: the thickness of each layer is 20-45 ⁇ m; the laser power is 10-200 W, the spot of the laser is controlled at 10-100 ⁇ m; the speed of the line scanning is controlled at 3-7 m/s.
  • the annealing treatment temperature is 510-690 ° C
  • the holding time is 1-5 hours
  • the degree of vacuum at the time of annealing under vacuum is 1.5 ⁇ 10 -3 - 1.5 ⁇ 10 -6 Pa.
  • the specific preparation method refers to the following preparation examples:
  • the 3D laser scanner is used to scan the plaster model in three dimensions.
  • the shape of the abutment body, the shoulder, the denture connecting part, the piercing part and the abutment angle are obtained from the plaster model.
  • the abutment connection interface is hexagonal, abutment The angle ⁇ is 3°, and the angle of the frustum of the lower part of the abutment section is 4°.
  • Solidworks 3D software according to the data obtained by scanning, combined with the tooth position and shape of the patient's human body, the personalized abutment that meets the requirements is designed. .
  • the length of the implant connection section is 2mm, the inner side is provided with a thread with a pitch of 0.2mm; the thickness of the anti-loose gasket is 0.2mm; the fixing bolt is a full-threaded bolt with a pitch of 0.2mm; then the designed abutment is three-dimensionally sliced, The slice thickness is 25 ⁇ m and saved as a CL file; then the CL file is imported into a 3D printing device for printing; the material used for 3D printing is pure titanium powder, and the average particle size of the powder is 30 ⁇ m; 3D printing includes the following steps: powder laying ⁇ laser Scanning printing ⁇ Powdering cylinder rise, molding cylinder down ⁇ re-powdering ⁇ re-laser printing; 3D printing process parameters are as follows: each layer has a powder thickness of 25 ⁇ m; laser power is 100w; laser spot is 35 ⁇ m, line scanning speed is 5m/s; The printed abutment was annealed under an argon atmosphere, the annealing temperature was 600
  • the 3D laser scanner is used to scan the plaster model in three dimensions.
  • the shape of the abutment body, the shoulder, the denture connecting part, the piercing part and the abutment are obtained from the plaster model.
  • Angle and other information as shown in Figure 4, the abutment connection interface is hexagonal, the abutment angle ⁇ is 28°, and the angle of the frustum of the lower section of the abutment is 2°; then using Solidworks 3D software, according to the scan
  • the data combined with the patient's teeth position and shape, designed a personalized abutment that meets the requirements.
  • the length of the implant connection section is 3mm, the inner side is provided with a thread with a pitch of 0.1mm; the thickness of the anti-loose gasket is 0.3mm; the fixing bolt is a full-threaded bolt with a pitch of 0.1mm; then the designed abutment is three-dimensionally sliced, The slice thickness is 10 ⁇ m and saved as a CL file; then the CL file is imported into a 3D printing device for printing; the material used for 3D printing is Ti6Al4V powder, and the average particle size of the powder is 40 ⁇ m; 3D printing includes the following steps: powder laying ⁇ laser scanning Printing ⁇ powdering cylinder rise, molding cylinder down ⁇ re-paving ⁇ laser printing; 3D printing process parameters are as follows: each layer is 30 ⁇ m thick; laser power is 200w; laser spot is 10 ⁇ m, line scanning speed is 3m/s; The good abutment was annealed at a vacuum of 1.5 ⁇ 10 -3 Pa, and the annealing temperature was
  • the 3D laser scanner is used to scan the gypsum model three-dimensionally.
  • the shape of the abutment body, the shoulder, the denture connecting part, the piercing part and the base are obtained from the plaster model.
  • Information such as the angle of the table; as shown in Figure 5, the interface of the abutment connection is a chamfered hexagon, the abutment angle ⁇ is 4°, and the angle of the frustum of the lower section of the abutment is 1°; then Solidworks 3D software is used.
  • Solidworks 3D software is used according to the data obtained by scanning, combined with the tooth position and shape of the patient's human teeth.
  • the length of the implant connection section is 4mm, the inner side is provided with a thread with a pitch of 0.3mm; the thickness of the anti-loose gasket is 0.1mm; the fixing bolt is a full-threaded bolt with a pitch of 0.3mm; then the designed abutment is three-dimensionally sliced, The slice thickness was 40 ⁇ m and saved as a CL file; then the CL file was imported into a 3D printing device for printing; the material used for 3D printing was Ti6Al4V powder, and the average particle size of the powder was 10 ⁇ m; 3D printing included the following steps: powder laying ⁇ laser scanning Printing ⁇ powdering cylinder rise, molding cylinder down ⁇ re-paving ⁇ laser printing; 3D printing process parameters are as follows: each layer of powder thickness 20 ⁇ m; laser power 50w; laser spot 80 ⁇ m, scanning rate 6m / s; The abutment was annealed at a vacuum of 1.5 ⁇ 10 -6 Pa, and the annealing temperature was 510
  • the individualized abutment is prepared.
  • the 3D laser scanner is used to scan the plaster model in three dimensions.
  • the shape of the abutment body, the shoulder, the denture connecting part, the piercing part and the abutment angle are obtained from the plaster model.
  • other information as shown in Figure 6, the interface of the abutment connection is a three-diamond shape, the abutment angle ⁇ is 2°, and the angle of the frustum of the lower section of the abutment is 3°; then the Solidworks 3D software is used, according to the scan.
  • the data combined with the patient's tooth position and shape, designed a personalized abutment that meets the requirements.
  • the length of the implant connection section is 3mm, the inner side is provided with a thread with a pitch of 0.2mm; the thickness of the anti-loose gasket is 0.5mm; the fixing bolt is a full-threaded bolt with a pitch of 0.2mm; then the designed abutment is three-dimensionally sliced, The slice thickness is 50 ⁇ m and saved as a CL file; then the CL file is imported into a 3D printing device for printing; the material used for 3D printing is pure titanium powder, and the average particle size of the powder is 5 ⁇ m; 3D printing includes the following steps: powder laying ⁇ laser Scanning printing ⁇ Powdering cylinder rise, molding cylinder down ⁇ re-paving ⁇ re-laser printing; 3D printing process parameters are as follows: each layer has a powder thickness of 45 ⁇ m; laser power is 10w; laser spot is 100 ⁇ m, scanning rate is 7m/s; then it will print The good abutment was annealed at a vacuum of 1.5 ⁇ 10 -4 Pa, and the

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

A customized abutment assembly, comprising: an abutment body (1), a fixed threaded bolt (2) connected between an implant and the abutment body (1), and a locking gasket (3). The abutment body (1) comprises a dental crown connecting section (1-1), a gum penetrating section (1-2) and an implant connecting section (1-3). The abutment body (1) is provided with a stepped bore therein; the abutment angle α and abutment shape of the abutment body (1) form a customized abutment manufactured according to angles and shapes of a tooth of a patient and the implant and conforming to the angles and shapes of the tooth of the patient and the implant; the abutment angle α is an angle between the central line of the dental crown connecting section (1-1) and the central line of the implant connecting section (1-3). Also disclosed is a method for manufacturing the customized abutment assembly; the abutment assembly is manufactured by means of 3D scanning, CAD modeling, 3D printing and heat treatment. The present invention meets customized requirements of patients, improves the aesthetic effect of teeth, accords with the physiological functions of teeth and saves medical costs.

Description

个性化基台组件及其制备方法Personalized abutment component and preparation method thereof 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及生物医学工程技术领域，具体涉及的是一种个性化基台组件及其制备方法。The invention relates to the field of biomedical engineering technology, in particular to a personalized abutment assembly and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
口腔种植技术自上世纪六十年代应用于临床以来，由于具有非常理想的支撑效果，已成为口腔修复的主流技术，深受广大患者的青睐。但是对于修复高难度、高要求的患者，尤其是种植区域局部条件差、修复体美观要求高的前牙区域，系统配套的成品基台已不能满足临床需要。Since its application in clinical practice in the 1960s, oral implant technology has become a mainstream technology for oral prosthetics because of its very ideal support effect, which is favored by the majority of patients. However, for the repair of patients with high difficulty and high requirements, especially in the anterior region where the local conditions of the planting area are poor and the aesthetics of the restoration are high, the finished abutment of the system cannot meet the clinical needs.
目前，大部分种植牙系统的基本结构主要分为三个部分：种植体、基台和上部义齿。种植体是植入骨组织内的结构，起到天然牙根的作用，以承担支持固位等功能。基台是位于种植体上方，穿出牙龈并暴露于口腔中的部分，它是连接上部义齿与下部种植体之间的关键结构，基台的形态以及种植一基台的连接方式对种植义齿的稳定性、固定性以及美观性等方面起着十分重要的作用。At present, the basic structure of most dental implant systems is mainly divided into three parts: implants, abutments and upper dentures. The implant is a structure implanted in the bone tissue, which acts as a natural root to support the retention and other functions. The abutment is the part above the implant that penetrates the gums and is exposed to the oral cavity. It is the key structure connecting the upper denture and the lower implant. The shape of the abutment and the connection of the planting abutment to the implant denture Stability, fixation and aesthetics play an important role.
然而，由于患者个体的全身条件和局部骨质因素不尽相同，所需要基台的形态也不尽相同。目前，世界上生产基台产品的商家几乎都是批量化生产，基台角度(牙中线与基台中线组成的角度)大都固定，常见的有0°、15°或25°，因此目前无法选择一个完全适合于每位患者的基台产品。产品的批量化生产对于每个开展种植义齿修复的医院来说则必须储备大量的产品供临床选择，库存倍增，无形中增加了成本。此外，由于在种植二期手术过程中，需要安装合适的基台以将种植体和上部义齿相连，而且种植基台的颈部设计直接影响到种植体支持式全冠修复体的龈缘形态和周围软组织的健康；标准基台形态单一，不能从根本上满足患者个性化修复的需求。如果能设计出与患者天然牙相似的具有美学解剖形态的个性化基台，则可以促使牙龈成型，将穿龈和牙龈塑形两大步骤合二为一，从而缩短治疗时间和临时冠的费用，而且能够很好地改善种植修复后的龈缘形态。因此，研发适合个体需求的个性化基台系统成为必需。However, since the individual conditions of the individual patient and the local bone factors are not the same, the form of the abutment required is also different. At present, almost all the manufacturers of abutment products in the world are mass-produced. The angle of the abutment (the angle between the midline of the tooth and the midline of the abutment) is mostly fixed. The common ones are 0°, 15° or 25°, so it is currently impossible to choose. A base product that is perfectly suited to every patient. Batch production of products For each hospital that carries out implant dentures, it is necessary to reserve a large number of products for clinical selection, and the inventory is multiplied, which inevitably increases the cost. In addition, due to the need to install a suitable abutment to connect the implant to the upper denture during the second stage of the implant, and the neck design of the implant abutment directly affects the rim shape of the implant-supported full crown restoration and The health of the surrounding soft tissue; the standard abutment has a single shape, which cannot fundamentally meet the needs of individualized repair of patients. If you can design a personalized abutment with aesthetic anatomy similar to the patient's natural teeth, you can promote the formation of the gums, combining the two steps of piercing and gum shaping, thus reducing the cost of treatment and the cost of temporary crowns. And can improve the shape of the rim after planting and repairing. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a personalized abutment system suitable for individual needs.
另一方面，口腔种植修复经过数十年的发展，已经获得了90％以上的远期成功率。然而，手术操作过程复杂、初期稳定性不佳，修复过程中种植体与基台之间难以就位，咀嚼过程中因受力使基台相对于种植体的微量运动导致缝隙产生从而引起泄露，基台和螺钉的松动等问题，这些都可能导致种植修复效果 不理想或修复失败。种植义齿修复的成功很大程度上依赖于基台的形态、高度、锥度、材质、适当的数目、合理的分布以及共同就位道的取得。基台按与上部连接方式、功能、材料等不同可分为多种类型，其中按制作方式可分为成品(或预成)基台和定制基台。在与基台的连接方式上，通常采用内连接，该方法是种植系统发展的趋势和方向，因为它在抗旋转、传导和分散应力等方面都表现出较好的性能。但是，随着使用时间的增加，基台松动仍是临床中最为常见的现象。因此，对目前的基台进行改进，增加基台在空腔中的稳定性显得十分必要。On the other hand, oral implant restoration has achieved a long-term success rate of more than 90% after decades of development. However, the operation procedure is complicated and the initial stability is not good. It is difficult to place the implant and the abutment during the repair process. During the chewing process, due to the force, the micro-motion of the abutment relative to the implant causes a gap to be generated, thereby causing leakage. Problems such as looseness of the abutment and screws, which may lead to implant restoration Not ideal or repair failed. The success of implant denture restoration depends to a large extent on the shape, height, taper, material, proper number, reasonable distribution of the abutment and the acquisition of the common position. The abutment can be divided into various types according to the connection mode, function, material, etc., and can be divided into a finished (or pre-formed) abutment and a customized abutment according to the production method. In the connection with the abutment, the internal connection is usually adopted. This method is the trend and direction of the development of the planting system because it exhibits better performance in terms of anti-rotation, conduction and dispersion stress. However, as the use of time increases, abutment loosening is still the most common phenomenon in the clinic. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the current abutment and increase the stability of the abutment in the cavity.
目前个性化种植基台根据加工工艺可以分为以下类别：①特制可调改基台，将预成较大的基台根据需要手工调改需要的外形，一般操作难度较大，花费时间多，特别是调改过的氧化锆基台有可能造成表面的微裂纹，引起基台的损坏。②UCLA基台，上部的蜡筒或塑料经调改后加蜡塑成需要的外形再连同下部的金属基底一同铸造而成。该方法加工工序较多，同时需要用贵金属铸造，加工成本较高。At present, the personalized planting abutments can be divided into the following categories according to the processing technology: 1 special modified and modified base, the large abutment will be manually adjusted according to the needs of the required shape, the general operation is difficult, take more time, In particular, the modified zirconia abutment may cause microcracks on the surface, causing damage to the abutment. 2UCLA abutment, the upper wax cylinder or plastic is modified and then waxed into the required shape and then cast together with the lower metal substrate. The method has many processing steps and needs to be cast with precious metal, and the processing cost is high.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服以上缺点，提供一种个性化基台组件及其制备方法。本发明的基台本体的基台角度α和基台形态是根据患者患牙和种植体的角度和形态制作而成的与患者患牙和种植体的角度和形态相适应的个性化基台，因此充分满足了不同患者的个性化需求，不仅有利于提高牙齿的美学效果，也更符合牙齿的生理功能，而且，医院无需储备大量的产品供临床选择，最大程度上节约了医疗成本。此外，由于在种植体连接段内增加内螺纹孔，并在固定螺栓与基台本体之间增加防松垫片，大大提高了基台本体与种植体连接的稳定性，提高了种植成功率。It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above disadvantages and to provide a personalized base assembly and method of making same. The abutment angle α and the abutment shape of the abutment body of the present invention are personalized abutments that are adapted to the angle and shape of the patient's teeth and implants according to the angle and shape of the patient's teeth and implants. Therefore, it fully satisfies the individualized needs of different patients, which not only helps to improve the aesthetic effect of the teeth, but also conforms to the physiological functions of the teeth. Moreover, the hospital does not need to reserve a large number of products for clinical selection, thereby maximizing the medical cost. In addition, due to the increase of the internal thread hole in the implant connecting section, and the addition of the anti-loosening gasket between the fixing bolt and the base body, the stability of the connection between the abutment body and the implant body is greatly improved, and the planting success rate is improved.
本发明是这样实现的：The present invention is implemented as follows:
方案一：Option One:
一种个性化基台组件，其特征在于：它包括基台本体、连接于种植体和基台本体之间的固定螺栓和防松垫片，所述基台本体包括牙冠连接段、穿龈段和种植体连接段，所述基台本体内设有贯穿牙冠连接段、穿龈段和种植体连接段的阶梯孔，所述阶梯孔位于种植体连接段的一端为与固定螺栓相匹配的螺纹孔，另一端为直径略大于固定螺栓的螺栓头部外径的光孔；所述基台本体的基台角度α和基台形态是根据患者患牙和种植体的角度和形态制作而成的与患者患牙和种植体的角度和形态相适应的个性化基台，所述基台角度α是位于牙冠连接段 的中线和种植体连接段的中线之间的夹角。A personalized abutment assembly, characterized in that it comprises a base body, a fixing bolt and a lock washer connected between the implant and the base body, the base body comprising a crown connecting section and a piercing a segment and an implant connecting section, wherein the base body is provided with a stepped hole extending through the crown connecting section, the piercing section and the implant connecting section, wherein the stepped hole is located at one end of the implant connecting section to match the fixing bolt The threaded hole, the other end is a light hole having a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the bolt head of the fixing bolt; the abutment angle α of the abutment body and the abutment shape are made according to the angle and shape of the patient's teeth and the implant. a personalized abutment adapted to the angle and shape of the patient's teeth and implants, the abutment angle α being located at the crown connecting section The angle between the midline and the midline of the implant connection segment.
所述基台本体、固定螺栓和防松垫片是以钛或钛合金粉末为材料，通过3D打印技术制作而成的。The base body, the fixing bolt and the lock washer are made of titanium or titanium alloy powder and are manufactured by 3D printing technology.
所述固定螺栓的螺距范围为0.1-0.3mm；所述防松垫片厚度为0.1-0.5mm，外径小于等于所述固定螺栓的螺栓头部的外径。The fixing bolt has a pitch ranging from 0.1 to 0.3 mm; the locking washer has a thickness of 0.1-0.5 mm, and the outer diameter is less than or equal to an outer diameter of the bolt head of the fixing bolt.
所述基台本体可为与种植体上端实现内连接的内连接基台，该内连接基台的种植体连接段的外周壁与种植体上端内孔对应配合连接，该内连接基台的种植体连接段长度为2-4mm；该内连接基台的穿龈段下段设有锥台，锥台角度为1-4°。The abutment body may be an inner connecting base that is connected to the upper end of the implant, and the outer peripheral wall of the implant connecting section of the inner connecting base is correspondingly coupled with the inner hole of the upper end of the implant, and the inner connecting base is planted. The length of the body connecting section is 2-4 mm; the lower section of the piercing section of the inner connecting abutment is provided with a frustum, and the angle of the frustum is 1-4°.
所述基台本体也可以为与种植体上端实现外连接的外连接基台，该外连接基台的种植体连接段体内设有位于螺纹孔下端且与种植体上端外壁对应配合连接的接口。The abutment body may also be an outer connecting base that is connected to the upper end of the implant. The implant connecting section of the outer connecting base is provided with an interface at the lower end of the threaded hole and correspondingly connected with the outer wall of the upper end of the implant.
为了提高生物相容性，所述基台本体、固定螺栓和防松垫片的材料均采用钛或钛合金粉末。In order to improve biocompatibility, the materials of the abutment body, the fixing bolts and the lock washer are made of titanium or titanium alloy powder.
方案二：Option II:
一种用于制备个性化基台组件的制备方法，其特征在于：该方法包括依次进行的3D扫描、CAD建模、3D打印和热处理；A preparation method for preparing a personalized abutment assembly, characterized in that the method comprises sequential 3D scanning, CAD modeling, 3D printing and heat treatment;
所述3D扫描是采用3D扫描仪扫描患者患牙的石膏模型或直接扫描患者口内患牙的方式获得基台本体的牙冠连接段、穿龈段和种植体连接段的角度和形态信息；The 3D scanning is to obtain the angle and shape information of the crown connecting section, the piercing section and the implant connecting section of the abutment body by scanning the plaster model of the patient's teeth with a 3D scanner or directly scanning the teeth in the patient's mouth;
所述CAD建模是根据三维软件扫描得到的数据，再结合患者患牙的牙位、形状设计出符合要求的个性化基台，再将设计好的个性化基台进行三维切片处理，每层厚度在10-50μm，处理好的数据储存为CL文件格式；The CAD modeling is based on the data obtained by the three-dimensional software scanning, and then combined with the tooth position and shape of the patient's teeth to design a personalized abutment that meets the requirements, and then the designed personalized abutment is three-dimensionally sliced, each layer The thickness is in the range of 10-50 μm, and the processed data is stored in the CL file format;
所述3D打印包括以下依序进行的步骤：①输入CL文件；②钛基粉末铺设；③激光扫描打印；④铺粉缸上升、成型缸下降；⑤再重复步骤②-④，直至打印完成；所述3D打印采用的打印材料为钛或钛合金粉末，粉末粒度在5-40μm间；The 3D printing comprises the following steps: 1 input CL file; 2 titanium-based powder laying; 3 laser scanning printing; 4 lifting powder cylinder rising, molding cylinder falling; 5 repeating steps 2-4 until printing is completed; The printing material used for the 3D printing is titanium or titanium alloy powder, and the powder particle size is between 5-40 μm;
所述热处理为在真空或氩气保护氛围下进行退火处理。The heat treatment is an annealing treatment under a vacuum or an argon atmosphere.
所述3D打印的工艺参数为：每层铺粉厚度为20-45μm；激光功率10-200w，激光的光斑控制在10-100μm；线扫描的速度控制在3-7m/s。The process parameters of the 3D printing are: the thickness of each layer is 20-45 μm; the laser power is 10-200 W, the spot of the laser is controlled at 10-100 μm; the speed of the line scanning is controlled at 3-7 m/s.
所述退火处理的温度为510-690℃，保温时间为1-5小时，在真空下进行退火处理时的真空度为1.5×10-3-1.5×10-6Pa。 The annealing treatment temperature is 510-690 ° C, the holding time is 1-5 hours, and the degree of vacuum at the time of annealing under vacuum is 1.5 × 10 -3 - 1.5 × 10 -6 Pa.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1)本发明的基台本体是根据患者人体牙齿牙位、形状以及种植体种类制作而成的，使得医生在对基台设计时更具有针对性，由于基台角度α和基台形态是根据患者患牙和种植体的角度和形态制作而成，与患者患牙和种植体的角度和形态相适应，因此可以充分满足不同患者的个性化需求，尤其是种植区域局部条件差、修复体美观要求高的前牙区域，不仅有利于提高牙齿的美学效果，也更符合牙齿的生理功能；此外，医院无需储备大量的产品供临床选择，最大程度上节约了医疗成本；(1) The abutment body of the present invention is made according to the tooth position, shape and implant type of the patient's human body, so that the doctor is more targeted when designing the abutment, since the abutment angle α and the abutment form are According to the angle and shape of the patient's teeth and implants, it is compatible with the angle and shape of the patient's teeth and implants, so it can fully meet the individual needs of different patients, especially the poor local conditions and restorations in the planting area. The aesthetically demanding anterior teeth area not only helps to improve the aesthetic effect of the teeth, but also conforms to the physiological functions of the teeth; in addition, the hospital does not need to reserve a large number of products for clinical selection, which greatly saves medical costs;
(2)由于所述基台本体、固定螺栓和防松垫片是以钛或钛合金粉末为材料，通过3D打印技术制作而成的，因此，一方面基台本体的角度和形态可以是任意的，可根据患者患牙和种植体的角度和形态量身定做，使其完全适应人体口腔环境，另一方面基台本体内部的螺纹孔可通过3D打印技术直接精确打印出来，不仅避免后期加工对基台本体可能造成的损伤，而且即使基台角度α大于0，也可通过3D打印技术轻松方便地打印形成，这一点是现有技术根本无法做到的；(2) Since the base body, the fixing bolt and the lock washer are made of titanium or titanium alloy powder and are made by 3D printing technology, on the one hand, the angle and shape of the base body can be arbitrary. According to the angle and shape of the patient's teeth and implants, it can be fully adapted to the human oral environment. On the other hand, the threaded holes inside the base body can be directly printed out accurately by 3D printing technology, which not only avoids post processing. Possible damage to the base body, and even if the base angle α is greater than 0, it can be easily and conveniently printed by 3D printing technology, which is impossible in the prior art;
(3)由于本发明在种植体连接段内增加内螺纹，并在固定螺栓与基台本体之间增加防松垫片，用于吸震减震，大大提高了基台本体与种植体连接的稳定性，提高了种植成功率；(3) Because the invention adds internal threads in the connecting section of the implant, and adds a anti-loose gasket between the fixing bolt and the base body for shock absorption and shock absorption, the stability of the connection between the abutment body and the implant body is greatly improved. Sexuality, increasing the success rate of planting;
(4)本发明采用3D打印一次成型技术，制造精度高于现有的生产技术，如切削技术，能够简单加工各种形状复杂，富有个性化的基台，不仅提高前牙美学效果，也符合后牙生理功能的要求；(4) The invention adopts the 3D printing one-time forming technology, and the manufacturing precision is higher than the existing production technology, such as cutting technology, and can easily process various complex shapes and personalized abutments, which not only improves the aesthetic effect of the front teeth, but also conforms to The physiological function of the posterior teeth;
(5)本发明采用3D打印技术制备个性化基台，是一种绿色加法制造技术，较传统的铸造、切削等减法技术成本低、效率高；(5) The invention adopts 3D printing technology to prepare a personalized base station, which is a green additive manufacturing technology, and has lower cost and higher efficiency than conventional casting, cutting and other subtraction techniques;
(6)本发明提供的个性化基台具有结构合理、操作方便、科学、易于推广等优点。(6) The personalized base provided by the invention has the advantages of reasonable structure, convenient operation, scientific and easy promotion.
附图说明DRAWINGS
下面参照附图结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明：The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:
图1是本发明个性化基台组件内连接基台的爆炸图(基台本体1/4剖)；Figure 1 is an exploded view of the connecting base in the personalized base assembly of the present invention (a base body 1/4 section);
图2是图1的二维主视图；Figure 2 is a two-dimensional front view of Figure 1;
图3是本发明结构实例1基台本体的三维结构示意图；3 is a schematic view showing the three-dimensional structure of the base body of the structural example 1 of the present invention;
图4是本发明结构实例2基台本体的三维结构示意图；4 is a schematic view showing the three-dimensional structure of the base body of the structural example 2 of the present invention;
图5是本发明结构实例3基台本体的三维结构示意图； Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the three-dimensional structure of the base body of the structural example 3 of the present invention;
图6是本发明结构实例4基台本体的三维结构示意图；6 is a schematic view showing the three-dimensional structure of the base body of the structural example 4 of the present invention;
图7是本发明个性化基台组件外连接基台的爆炸图(基台本体1/4剖)。Figure 7 is an exploded view of the outer base of the personalized base assembly of the present invention (a 1/4 section of the base body).
图中符号说明：1、基台本体，1-1、牙冠连接段，1-2、穿龈段，1-3、种植体连接段，1-4、阶梯孔，1-5、螺纹孔，1-6、接口；2、固定螺栓，2-1、螺栓头部，3、防松垫片。Symbols in the figure: 1, abutment body, 1-1, crown connecting section, 1-2, piercing section, 1-3, implant connecting section, 1-4, stepped hole, 1-5, threaded hole , 1-6, interface; 2, fixing bolts, 2-1, bolt head, 3, anti-loose gasket.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合说明书附图和具体实施方式对本发明内容进行详细说明：The content of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments of the specification:
(一)具体实施方式一：一种个性化基台组件，其特征在于：如图1所示，它包括基台本体1、连接于种植体和基台本体1之间的固定螺栓2和防松垫片3，所述基台本体1包括牙冠连接段1-1、穿龈段1-2和种植体连接段1-3，所述基台本体内设有贯穿牙冠连接段1-1、穿龈段1-2和种植体连接段1-3的阶梯孔，所述阶梯孔位于种植体连接段1-3的一端为与固定螺栓2相匹配的螺纹孔1-5，另一端为直径略大于固定螺栓2的螺栓头部2-1外径的光孔1-4；所述基台本体1的基台角度α和基台形态是根据患者患牙和种植体的角度和形态制作而成的与患者患牙和种植体的角度和形态相适应的个性化基台，所述基台角度α是位于牙冠连接段1-1的中线和种植体连接段1-3的中线之间的夹角，如图2所示。种植体连接段1-3的接口形式可根据国内外所有不同种植体系而定，如：瑞典Nobel、瑞士ITI、德国Friadent、韩国OSSTEM、美国3I、德国Bego、美国Zmmer等种植系统。(A) Embodiment 1: A personalized abutment assembly, characterized in that, as shown in FIG. 1, it comprises a base body 1, a fixing bolt 2 connected between the implant and the base body 1, and an anti-proof a loose gasket 3, the abutment body 1 includes a crown connecting section 1-1, a piercing section 1-2 and an implant connecting section 1-3, and the base body is provided with a through-crown connecting section 1- 1. A stepped hole through the squat section 1-2 and the implant connecting section 1-3, the stepped hole being located at one end of the implant connecting section 1-3 is a threaded hole 1-5 matching the fixing bolt 2, and the other end The aperture 1-4 having a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the bolt head 2-1 of the fixing bolt 2; the abutment angle α of the abutment body 1 and the abutment shape are according to the angle and shape of the patient's teeth and the implant A personalized abutment that is adapted to the angle and shape of the patient's teeth and implants, the abutment angle a being the midline of the crown connecting segment 1-1 and the midline of the implant connecting segment 1-3 The angle between them is shown in Figure 2. The interface form of the implant connecting section 1-3 can be determined according to different planting systems at home and abroad, such as: Swedish Nobel, Swiss ITI, German Friadent, Korean OSSTEM, American 3I, German Bego, American Zmmer and other planting systems.
所述基台本体1、固定螺栓2和防松垫片3是以钛或钛合金粉末为材料，通过3D打印技术制作而成的。The base body 1, the fixing bolt 2 and the lock washer 3 are made of titanium or titanium alloy powder by a 3D printing technique.
所述固定螺栓2的螺距范围为0.1-0.3mm；所述防松垫片3厚度为0.1-0.5mm，外径小于等于所述固定螺栓的螺栓头部2-1的外径；防松垫片可以是封闭式的，也可以是开口式。The fixing bolt 2 has a pitch ranging from 0.1 to 0.3 mm; the locking washer 3 has a thickness of 0.1-0.5 mm, and the outer diameter is less than or equal to the outer diameter of the bolt head 2-1 of the fixing bolt; The sheet can be closed or open.
如图3-图6所示为本发明结构实例1-4示意图，图中，所述基台本体1可为与种植体上端实现内连接的内连接基台，该内连接基台的种植体连接段1-3的外周壁与种植体上端内孔对应配合连接，该内连接基台的种植体连接段1-3长度为2-4mm；该内连接基台的穿龈段1-2下段设有锥台，锥台角度为1-4度。3 to FIG. 6 are schematic diagrams of structural examples 1-4 of the present invention. In the figure, the abutment body 1 may be an inner connecting abutment that is connected to the upper end of the implant, and the implant of the inner connecting abutment The outer peripheral wall of the connecting section 1-3 is correspondingly coupled with the inner hole of the upper end of the implant, and the length of the implant connecting section 1-3 of the inner connecting base is 2-4 mm; the lower section of the inner connecting base is 1-2 It has a frustum with a frustum angle of 1-4 degrees.
如图7所示为本发明外连接基台示意图，图中，所述基台本体1也可以为与种植体上端实现外连接的外连接基台，该外连接基台的种植体连接段1-3体内设有位于螺纹孔1-5下端且与种植体上端外壁对应配合连接的接口1-6。 FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the outer connecting base of the present invention. In the figure, the abutting body 1 can also be an outer connecting base that is externally connected with the upper end of the implant, and the implant connecting section 1 of the outer connecting base The -3 body is provided with an interface 1-6 located at the lower end of the threaded hole 1-5 and correspondingly connected to the outer wall of the upper end of the implant.
为了提高生物相容性，所述基台本体1、固定螺栓2和防松垫片3的材料均采用钛或钛合金粉末，如已商业化的纯钛及Ti6Al4V，还包括如下钛合金：In order to improve biocompatibility, the materials of the abutment body 1, the fixing bolt 2 and the lock washer 3 are made of titanium or titanium alloy powder, such as commercially available pure titanium and Ti6Al4V, and also include the following titanium alloys:
Ti-Nb系二元或多元合金：Ti-Nb binary or multi-alloy:
Ti-Nb-O,Ti-Nb-Pt,Ti-Nb-Pd,Ti-Nb-Ta,Ti-Nb-Zr,Ti-Nb-Hf,Ti-Nb-Sn,Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr,Ti-Nb-Ta-Sn,Ti-Nb-Mo-Zr；Ti-Nb-O, Ti-Nb-Pt, Ti-Nb-Pd, Ti-Nb-Ta, Ti-Nb-Zr, Ti-Nb-Hf, Ti-Nb-Sn, Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr, Ti-Nb-Ta-Sn, Ti-Nb-Mo-Zr;
Ti-Mo系二元或多元合金：Ti-Mo binary or multi-alloy:
Ti-Mo-Ta,Ti-Mo-Sn,Ti-Mo-Hf,Ti-Mo-Ga,Ti-Mo-Al,Ti-Mo-Ge,Ti-Mo-Ag,Ti-Mo-Sc,Ti-Mo-Zr-Sn,Ti-Mo-Zr-Fe,Ti-Mo-Zr-Al,Ti-Mo-Nb-Sn,Ti-Mo-Ga-Nb,Ti-Mo-Nb-Si,Ti-Mo-Nb-O；Ti-Mo-Ta, Ti-Mo-Sn, Ti-Mo-Hf, Ti-Mo-Ga, Ti-Mo-Al, Ti-Mo-Ge, Ti-Mo-Ag, Ti-Mo-Sc, Ti- Mo-Zr-Sn, Ti-Mo-Zr-Fe, Ti-Mo-Zr-Al, Ti-Mo-Nb-Sn, Ti-Mo-Ga-Nb, Ti-Mo-Nb-Si, Ti-Mo- Nb-O;
Ti-Ta系二元或多元合金：Ti-Ta-Zr,Ti-Ta-Zr-Fe等。Ti-Ta-based binary or multi-element alloy: Ti-Ta-Zr, Ti-Ta-Zr-Fe, and the like.
(二)具体实施方式二：一种制备个性化基台组件的方法，其特征在于：该方法包括依次进行的3D扫描、CAD建模、3D打印和热处理；(2) Specific Embodiment 2: A method for preparing a personalized abutment assembly, characterized in that the method comprises sequential 3D scanning, CAD modeling, 3D printing and heat treatment;
所述3D扫描是采用3D扫描仪扫描患者患牙的石膏模型或直接扫描患者口内患牙的方式获得基台本体1的牙冠连接段1-1、穿龈段1-2和种植体连接段1-3的角度和形态信息；The 3D scanning is to obtain a gypsum model of a patient's teeth by using a 3D scanner or directly scan the teeth of the patient's mouth to obtain a crown connecting section 1-1, a piercing section 1-2, and an implant connecting section of the abutment body 1. Angle and shape information of 1-3;
所述CAD建模是根据三维软件扫描得到的数据，再结合患者患牙的牙位、形状设计出符合要求的个性化基台，再将设计好的个性化基台进行三维切片处理，每层厚度在10-50μm，处理好的数据储存为CL文件格式；The CAD modeling is based on the data obtained by the three-dimensional software scanning, and then combined with the tooth position and shape of the patient's teeth to design a personalized abutment that meets the requirements, and then the designed personalized abutment is three-dimensionally sliced, each layer The thickness is in the range of 10-50 μm, and the processed data is stored in the CL file format;
所述3D打印包括以下依序进行的步骤：①输入CL文件；②钛基粉末铺设；③激光扫描打印；④铺粉缸上升、成型缸下降；⑤再重复步骤②-④，直至打印完成；所述3D打印采用的打印材料为钛或钛合金粉末，粉末粒度在5-40μm间；The 3D printing comprises the following steps: 1 input CL file; 2 titanium-based powder laying; 3 laser scanning printing; 4 lifting powder cylinder rising, molding cylinder falling; 5 repeating steps 2-4 until printing is completed; The printing material used for the 3D printing is titanium or titanium alloy powder, and the powder particle size is between 5-40 μm;
所述热处理为在真空或氩气保护氛围下进行退火处理。The heat treatment is an annealing treatment under a vacuum or an argon atmosphere.
所述3D打印的工艺参数为：每层铺粉厚度为20-45μm；激光功率10-200w，激光的光斑控制在10-100μm；线扫描的速度控制在3-7m/s。The process parameters of the 3D printing are: the thickness of each layer is 20-45 μm; the laser power is 10-200 W, the spot of the laser is controlled at 10-100 μm; the speed of the line scanning is controlled at 3-7 m/s.
所述退火处理的温度为510-690℃，保温时间为1-5小时，在真空下进行退火处理时的真空度为1.5×10-3-1.5×10-6Pa。The annealing treatment temperature is 510-690 ° C, the holding time is 1-5 hours, and the degree of vacuum at the time of annealing under vacuum is 1.5 × 10 -3 - 1.5 × 10 -6 Pa.
具体制备方法参考以下制备实例：The specific preparation method refers to the following preparation examples:
制备实例1：Preparation Example 1:
根据美国Zmmer种植系统制备个性化种植基台，首先采用3D激光扫描仪对石膏模型进行三维扫描，从石膏模型上获得基台本体的形状、肩台、义齿连接部、穿龈部、基台角度等信息；如图3所示，基台连接部接口为六角形，基台 角度α为3°，基台穿龈段下段的锥台角度为4°；接着采用Solidworks三维软件,根据扫描得到的数据，再结合患者人体牙齿牙位、形状设计出符合要求的个性化基台。种植体连接段长度为2mm，内侧设有螺距为0.2mm的螺纹；防松垫片厚度0.2mm；固定螺栓采用螺距为0.2mm的全螺纹螺栓；接着将设计好的基台进行三维切片处理，切片厚度为25μm，并保存为CL文件；接着将该CL文件导入3D打印设备进行打印成型；3D打印采用的材料为纯钛粉末，粉末平均粒度为30μm；3D打印包括以下步骤：粉末铺设→激光扫描打印→铺粉缸上升、成型缸下降→再铺粉→再激光打印；3D打印工艺参数如下：每层铺粉厚度25μm；激光功率100w；激光光斑35μm，线扫描速度5m/s；接着将打印好的基台在氩气保护氛围下进行退火处理，退火处理的温度为600℃，保温时间为3个小时。According to the American Zmmer planting system to prepare the personalized planting abutment, the 3D laser scanner is used to scan the plaster model in three dimensions. The shape of the abutment body, the shoulder, the denture connecting part, the piercing part and the abutment angle are obtained from the plaster model. And other information; as shown in Figure 3, the abutment connection interface is hexagonal, abutment The angle α is 3°, and the angle of the frustum of the lower part of the abutment section is 4°. Then, using Solidworks 3D software, according to the data obtained by scanning, combined with the tooth position and shape of the patient's human body, the personalized abutment that meets the requirements is designed. . The length of the implant connection section is 2mm, the inner side is provided with a thread with a pitch of 0.2mm; the thickness of the anti-loose gasket is 0.2mm; the fixing bolt is a full-threaded bolt with a pitch of 0.2mm; then the designed abutment is three-dimensionally sliced, The slice thickness is 25 μm and saved as a CL file; then the CL file is imported into a 3D printing device for printing; the material used for 3D printing is pure titanium powder, and the average particle size of the powder is 30 μm; 3D printing includes the following steps: powder laying→laser Scanning printing→Powdering cylinder rise, molding cylinder down→re-powdering→re-laser printing; 3D printing process parameters are as follows: each layer has a powder thickness of 25μm; laser power is 100w; laser spot is 35μm, line scanning speed is 5m/s; The printed abutment was annealed under an argon atmosphere, the annealing temperature was 600 ° C, and the holding time was 3 hours.
制备实例2：Preparation Example 2:
根据费亚丹种植系统制备个性化种植基台，首先采用3D激光扫描仪对石膏模型进行三维扫描，从石膏模型上获得基台本体的形状、肩台、义齿连接部、穿龈部、基台角度等信息；如图4所示，基台连接部接口为六角形，基台角度α为28°，基台穿龈段下段的锥台角度为2°；接着采用Solidworks三维软件,根据扫描得到的数据，再结合患者人体牙齿牙位、形状设计出符合要求的个性化基台。种植体连接段长度为3mm，内侧设有螺距为0.1mm的螺纹；防松垫片厚度0.3mm；固定螺栓采用螺距为0.1mm的全螺纹螺栓；接着将设计好的基台进行三维切片处理，切片厚度为10μm，并保存为CL文件；接着将该CL文件导入3D打印设备进行打印成型；3D打印采用的材料为Ti6Al4V粉末，粉末平均粒度为40μm；3D打印包括以下步骤：粉末铺设→激光扫描打印→铺粉缸上升、成型缸下降→再铺粉→再激光打印；3D打印工艺参数如下：每层铺粉厚度30μm；激光功率200w；激光光斑10μm，线扫描速度3m/s；接着将打印好的基台在1.5×10-3Pa的真空度下进行退火处理，退火处理的温度为690℃，保温时间为5个小时。According to the Fayadan planting system to prepare the personalized planting abutment, the 3D laser scanner is used to scan the plaster model in three dimensions. The shape of the abutment body, the shoulder, the denture connecting part, the piercing part and the abutment are obtained from the plaster model. Angle and other information; as shown in Figure 4, the abutment connection interface is hexagonal, the abutment angle α is 28°, and the angle of the frustum of the lower section of the abutment is 2°; then using Solidworks 3D software, according to the scan The data, combined with the patient's teeth position and shape, designed a personalized abutment that meets the requirements. The length of the implant connection section is 3mm, the inner side is provided with a thread with a pitch of 0.1mm; the thickness of the anti-loose gasket is 0.3mm; the fixing bolt is a full-threaded bolt with a pitch of 0.1mm; then the designed abutment is three-dimensionally sliced, The slice thickness is 10 μm and saved as a CL file; then the CL file is imported into a 3D printing device for printing; the material used for 3D printing is Ti6Al4V powder, and the average particle size of the powder is 40 μm; 3D printing includes the following steps: powder laying→laser scanning Printing → powdering cylinder rise, molding cylinder down → re-paving → laser printing; 3D printing process parameters are as follows: each layer is 30μm thick; laser power is 200w; laser spot is 10μm, line scanning speed is 3m/s; The good abutment was annealed at a vacuum of 1.5 × 10 -3 Pa, and the annealing temperature was 690 ° C, and the holding time was 5 hours.
制备实例3：Preparation Example 3:
根据奥齿泰osstem种植系统制备个性化种植基台，首先采用3D激光扫描仪对石膏模型进行三维扫描，从石膏模型上获得基台本体的形状、肩台、义齿连接部、穿龈部、基台角度等信息；如图5所示，基台连接部接口为倒角六角形，基台角度α为4°，基台穿龈段下段的锥台角度为1°；接着采用Solidworks三维软件,根据扫描得到的数据，再结合患者人体牙齿牙位、形状设计出符合要 求的个性化基台。种植体连接段长度为4mm，内侧设有螺距为0.3mm的螺纹；防松垫片厚度0.1mm；固定螺栓采用螺距为0.3mm的全螺纹螺栓；接着将设计好的基台进行三维切片处理，切片厚度为40μm，并保存为CL文件；接着将该CL文件导入3D打印设备进行打印成型；3D打印采用的材料为Ti6Al4V粉末，粉末平均粒度为10μm；3D打印包括以下步骤：粉末铺设→激光扫描打印→铺粉缸上升、成型缸下降→再铺粉→再激光打印；3D打印工艺参数如下：每层铺粉厚度20μm；激光功率50w；激光光斑80μm，扫描速率6m/s；接着将打印好的基台在1.5×10-6Pa的真空度下进行退火处理，退火处理的温度为510℃，保温时间为1个小时。According to the Otto osstem planting system to prepare the personalized planting abutment, the 3D laser scanner is used to scan the gypsum model three-dimensionally. The shape of the abutment body, the shoulder, the denture connecting part, the piercing part and the base are obtained from the plaster model. Information such as the angle of the table; as shown in Figure 5, the interface of the abutment connection is a chamfered hexagon, the abutment angle α is 4°, and the angle of the frustum of the lower section of the abutment is 1°; then Solidworks 3D software is used. According to the data obtained by scanning, combined with the tooth position and shape of the patient's human teeth, a personalized abutment that meets the requirements is designed. The length of the implant connection section is 4mm, the inner side is provided with a thread with a pitch of 0.3mm; the thickness of the anti-loose gasket is 0.1mm; the fixing bolt is a full-threaded bolt with a pitch of 0.3mm; then the designed abutment is three-dimensionally sliced, The slice thickness was 40 μm and saved as a CL file; then the CL file was imported into a 3D printing device for printing; the material used for 3D printing was Ti6Al4V powder, and the average particle size of the powder was 10 μm; 3D printing included the following steps: powder laying→laser scanning Printing → powdering cylinder rise, molding cylinder down → re-paving → laser printing; 3D printing process parameters are as follows: each layer of powder thickness 20μm; laser power 50w; laser spot 80μm, scanning rate 6m / s; The abutment was annealed at a vacuum of 1.5 × 10 -6 Pa, and the annealing temperature was 510 ° C, and the holding time was 1 hour.
制备实例4：Preparation Example 4:
根据瑞典NOBEL种植系统制备个性化种植基台，首先采用3D激光扫描仪对石膏模型进行三维扫描，从石膏模型上获得基台本体的形状、肩台、义齿连接部、穿龈部、基台角度等信息；如图6所示，基台连接部接口为三菱形，基台角度α为2°，基台穿龈段下段的锥台角度为3°；接着采用Solidworks三维软件,根据扫描得到的数据，再结合患者人体牙齿牙位、形状设计出符合要求的个性化基台。种植体连接段长度为3mm，内侧设有螺距为0.2mm的螺纹；防松垫片厚度0.5mm；固定螺栓采用螺距为0.2mm的全螺纹螺栓；接着将设计好的基台进行三维切片处理，切片厚度为50μm，并保存为CL文件；接着将该CL文件导入3D打印设备进行打印成型；3D打印采用的材料为纯钛粉末，粉末平均粒度为5μm；3D打印包括以下步骤：粉末铺设→激光扫描打印→铺粉缸上升、成型缸下降→再铺粉→再激光打印；3D打印工艺参数如下：每层铺粉厚度45μm；激光功率10w；激光光斑100μm，扫描速率7m/s；接着将打印好的基台在1.5×10-4Pa的真空度下进行退火处理，退火处理的温度为550℃，保温时间为4个小时。According to the Swedish NOBEL planting system, the individualized abutment is prepared. Firstly, the 3D laser scanner is used to scan the plaster model in three dimensions. The shape of the abutment body, the shoulder, the denture connecting part, the piercing part and the abutment angle are obtained from the plaster model. And other information; as shown in Figure 6, the interface of the abutment connection is a three-diamond shape, the abutment angle α is 2°, and the angle of the frustum of the lower section of the abutment is 3°; then the Solidworks 3D software is used, according to the scan. The data, combined with the patient's tooth position and shape, designed a personalized abutment that meets the requirements. The length of the implant connection section is 3mm, the inner side is provided with a thread with a pitch of 0.2mm; the thickness of the anti-loose gasket is 0.5mm; the fixing bolt is a full-threaded bolt with a pitch of 0.2mm; then the designed abutment is three-dimensionally sliced, The slice thickness is 50 μm and saved as a CL file; then the CL file is imported into a 3D printing device for printing; the material used for 3D printing is pure titanium powder, and the average particle size of the powder is 5 μm; 3D printing includes the following steps: powder laying→laser Scanning printing→Powdering cylinder rise, molding cylinder down→re-paving→re-laser printing; 3D printing process parameters are as follows: each layer has a powder thickness of 45μm; laser power is 10w; laser spot is 100μm, scanning rate is 7m/s; then it will print The good abutment was annealed at a vacuum of 1.5 × 10 -4 Pa, and the annealing temperature was 550 ° C, and the holding time was 4 hours.
上述具体实施方式只是对本发明的技术方案进行详细解释，本发明并不只仅仅局限于上述实施例，凡是依据本发明原理的任何改进或替换，均应在本发明的保护范围之内。 The above-mentioned embodiments are only intended to explain the technical solutions of the present invention in detail, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements or substitutions in accordance with the principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

  1. 一种个性化基台组件，其特征在于：它包括基台本体(1)、连接于种植体和基台本体(1)之间的固定螺栓(2)和防松垫片(3)，所述基台本体(1)包括牙冠连接段(1-1)、穿龈段(1-2)和种植体连接段(1-3)，所述基台本体(1)内设有贯穿牙冠连接段(1-1)、穿龈段(1-2)和种植体连接段(1-3)的阶梯孔，所述阶梯孔位于种植体连接段(1-3)的一端为与固定螺栓(2)相匹配的螺纹孔(1-5)，另一端为直径略大于固定螺栓(2)的螺栓头部(2-1)外径的光孔(1-4)；所述基台本体(1)的基台角度α和基台形态是根据患者患牙和种植体的角度和形态制作而成的与患者患牙和种植体的角度和形态相适应的个性化基台，所述基台角度α是位于牙冠连接段(1-1)的中线和种植体连接段(1-3)的中线之间的夹角。A personalized abutment assembly, characterized in that it comprises a base body (1), a fixing bolt (2) and a lock washer (3) connected between the implant and the base body (1), The base body (1) includes a crown connecting section (1-1), a piercing section (1-2) and an implant connecting section (1-3), and the base body (1) is provided with a through-tooth a stepped hole of the crown connecting section (1-1), the piercing section (1-2), and the implant connecting section (1-3), the stepped hole being located at one end of the implant connecting section (1-3) The bolt (2) matches the threaded hole (1-5), and the other end is a light hole (1-4) having a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the bolt head (2-1) of the fixing bolt (2); the abutment The abutment angle α and the abutment shape of the body (1) are individualized abutments which are made according to the angle and shape of the patient's teeth and the implant, and which are adapted to the angle and shape of the patient's teeth and implants. The abutment angle α is the angle between the midline of the crown connecting section (1-1) and the midline of the implant connecting section (1-3).
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的个性化基台组件，其特征在于：所述基台本体(1)、固定螺栓(2)和防松垫片(3)是以钛或钛合金粉末为材料，通过3D打印技术制作而成的。The personalized abutment assembly according to claim 1, wherein the base body (1), the fixing bolt (2) and the lock washer (3) are made of titanium or titanium alloy powder. Made by 3D printing technology.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的个性化基台组件，其特征在于：所述固定螺栓(2)的螺距范围为0.1-0.3mm；所述防松垫片(3)厚度为0.1-0.5mm，外径小于等于所述固定螺栓的螺栓头部(2-1)的外径。The personalized base assembly according to claim 1, wherein the fixing bolt (2) has a pitch ranging from 0.1 to 0.3 mm; and the locking washer (3) has a thickness of 0.1-0.5 mm. The diameter is less than or equal to the outer diameter of the bolt head (2-1) of the fixing bolt.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的个性化基台组件，其特征在于：所述基台本体(1)为与种植体上端实现内连接的内连接基台，该内连接基台的种植体连接段(1-3)的外周壁与种植体上端内孔对应配合连接，该内连接基台的种植体连接段(1-3)长度为2-4mm；该内连接基台的穿龈段(1-2)下段设有锥台，锥台角度为1-4°。The personalized abutment assembly according to claim 3, wherein the base body (1) is an inner connecting base that is internally connected to the upper end of the implant, and the implant connecting section of the inner connecting base ( The outer peripheral wall of 1-3) is correspondingly coupled with the inner hole of the upper end of the implant, and the length of the implant connecting section (1-3) of the inner connecting abutment is 2-4 mm; the piercing section of the inner connecting abutment (1- 2) The lower section is provided with a frustum, and the angle of the frustum is 1-4°.
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的个性化基台组件，其特征在于：所述基台本体(1)为与种植体上端实现外连接的外连接基台，该外连接基台的种植体连接段(1-3)体内设有位于螺纹孔(1-5)下端且与种植体上端外壁对应配合连接的接口(1-6)。The personalized abutment assembly according to claim 3, wherein the abutment body (1) is an outer connecting abutment that is externally connected to the upper end of the implant, and the implant connecting section of the outer connecting abutment ( 1-3) The body is provided with an interface (1-6) located at the lower end of the threaded hole (1-5) and correspondingly connected to the outer wall of the upper end of the implant.
  6. 一种用于制备权利要求1-5中任一项所述的个性化基台组件的制备方法，其特征在于：该方法包括依次进行的3D扫描、CAD建模、3D打印和热处理；A method for preparing a personalized abutment assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the method comprises sequential 3D scanning, CAD modeling, 3D printing and heat treatment;
    所述3D扫描是采用3D扫描仪扫描患者患牙的石膏模型或直接扫描患者口内患牙的方式获得基台本体(1)的牙冠连接段(1-1)、穿龈段(1-2)和种植体连接段(1-3)的角度和形态信息；The 3D scanning is to use a 3D scanner to scan a plaster model of a patient's teeth or directly scan a patient's mouth to obtain a crown connecting section (1-1) and a piercing section (1-2) of the abutment body (1). And the angle and shape information of the implant connecting section (1-3);
    所述CAD建模是根据三维软件扫描得到的数据，再结合患者患牙的牙位、形状设计出符合要求的个性化基台，再将设计好的个性化基台进行三维切片处 理，每层厚度在10-50μm，处理好的数据储存为CL文件格式；The CAD modeling is based on the data obtained by the three-dimensional software scanning, and combined with the tooth position and shape of the patient's teeth to design a personalized abutment that meets the requirements, and then the designed personalized abutment is subjected to three-dimensional slicing. The thickness of each layer is 10-50μm, and the processed data is stored in the CL file format.
    所述3D打印包括以下依序进行的步骤：①输入CL文件；②钛基粉末铺设；③激光扫描打印；④铺粉缸上升、成型缸下降；⑤再重复步骤②-④，直至打印完成；所述3D打印采用的打印材料为钛或钛合金粉末，粉末粒度在5-40μm间；The 3D printing comprises the following steps: 1 input CL file; 2 titanium-based powder laying; 3 laser scanning printing; 4 lifting powder cylinder rising, molding cylinder falling; 5 repeating steps 2-4 until printing is completed; The printing material used for the 3D printing is titanium or titanium alloy powder, and the powder particle size is between 5-40 μm;
    所述热处理为在真空或氩气保护氛围下进行退火处理。The heat treatment is an annealing treatment under a vacuum or an argon atmosphere.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述3D打印的工艺参数为：每层铺粉厚度为20-45μm；激光功率10-200w，激光的光斑控制在10-100μm；线扫描的速度控制在3-7m/s。The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein the process parameters of the 3D printing are: a layer thickness of 20-45 μm per layer; a laser power of 10-200 w, and a spot of the laser is controlled at 10-100 μm; The speed is controlled at 3-7m/s.
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述退火处理的温度为510-690℃，保温时间为1-5小时，在真空下进行退火处理时的真空度为1.5×10-3-1.5×10-6Pa。 The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein the annealing treatment temperature is 510-690 ° C, the holding time is 1-5 hours, and the vacuum degree in the annealing treatment under vacuum is 1.5 × 10 -3 . -1.5×10 -6 Pa.
PCT/CN2015/082043 2014-07-11 2015-06-23 Customized abutment assembly and manufacturing method thereof WO2016004818A1 (en)

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