WO2016001509A1 - Improved reinforcing transverse cross-member for lateral and frontal impacts - Google Patents

Improved reinforcing transverse cross-member for lateral and frontal impacts Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016001509A1
WO2016001509A1 PCT/FR2015/051639 FR2015051639W WO2016001509A1 WO 2016001509 A1 WO2016001509 A1 WO 2016001509A1 FR 2015051639 W FR2015051639 W FR 2015051639W WO 2016001509 A1 WO2016001509 A1 WO 2016001509A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
floor
vehicle
extension
main part
lateral
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2015/051639
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Dominique Jourdan
Marine MENAND
Catherine TUAL
Original Assignee
Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa filed Critical Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa
Priority to EP15756947.6A priority Critical patent/EP3164319A1/en
Publication of WO2016001509A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016001509A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/20—Floors or bottom sub-units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/15—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body
    • B62D21/157—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body for side impacts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vehicle structure intended to resist in the event of a side impact, and in particular a reinforcing cross member for lateral impact.
  • the body structure of a vehicle is designed to absorb as much energy as possible during an impact.
  • the cockpit In the case of a side impact, the cockpit must remain relatively preserved to protect its occupants.
  • the motor vehicles comprise at least one transverse reinforcing cross member located on the floor of the vehicle, on the side of the passenger compartment. This crossbar extends from one lateral side of the vehicle to the other lateral side, substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
  • the current trend is to strengthen the reinforcing beam located against the floor of the vehicle.
  • patent application EP0799757 discloses a floor reinforcement cross member for lateral impact, extending between each lateral side of the vehicle.
  • the transverse cross member has an inverted U shape, the ends of the legs of the U being fixed on the floor surface and the ends of the cross member being fixed to the side rails of the vehicle.
  • the cross is positioned vis-à-vis the middle feet of the vehicle structure.
  • the rear attachments of the front seats are attached to the transom.
  • the disadvantage of this solution is that in case of front impact, the front seats, whose rear attachment to the floor is made on the cross, generate pulling forces on said floor of the vehicle.
  • the cross is dimensioned to withstand the compression forces for the side impact.
  • the pulling forces generated by the front seats at their rear attachments will deform the cross member.
  • the seats may move by deformation of the cross member and the floor at their rear attachment points. These movements of the front seats and the deformation of the floor behind the seats increase the risk of injury to front and rear passengers.
  • the position of the cross member inside the vehicle reduces the space available for the feet of the rear passengers.
  • the present invention aims to improve the safety of the vehicle in case of impact.
  • Another object of the invention is to reduce the impact on the living space, particularly at the feet of the rear passengers, reinforcing elements of the floor of a vehicle.
  • a cross member intended to be installed on the surface of a vehicle floor, characterized in that it comprises a main part extending in a first main direction and intended to extend between elements of the lateral structure of said vehicle, and at least one extension extending in a second direction of extension different from the main direction.
  • the main part reinforces the floor in the event of a side impact
  • the extension reinforces the floor around said cross-member vis-à-vis the forces perpendicular to the floor distributing said forces over a larger area in the event of a frontal impact.
  • the rear fasteners of the front seats will transmit efforts on the floor.
  • These forces have a component perpendicular to the large floor, which tends to pull on said floor and from the pivoting of the seats along an axis of rotation parallel to the transverse axis of the vehicle.
  • the extension extends perpendicular to the main direction of said crossbar from the middle of said main part, the middle of said main part being the middle of the length of the main part following the main direction.
  • a segment of the middle of the main part follows a " ⁇ " curve shape extending in a plane different from the plane defined by the main direction and the direction of extension, arranged to follow the shape of the floor of the vehicle when said floor comprises a tunnel along the longitudinal median axis of the vehicle.
  • the cross-member can thus strengthen the tunnel of the floor. Indeed, in case of side impact on a vehicle with a floor with a central tunnel, the tunnel creates a fragile area that will quickly deform, and cause a deformation of the entire floor. The width of the passenger compartment will decrease.
  • the crossbar reinforces the resistance of the floor at the level of the tunnel in the event of a side impact, and retards its deformation, while maintaining a space in the tunnel for the passage of technical elements of the vehicle, such as an exhaust pipe, pipes or a transmission shaft.
  • this " ⁇ " shape creates an area less resistant than the rest of the crossbar, because of the curvature.
  • each of the lateral arms of the cross member When the cross member is attached to a vehicle floor having a tunnel, each of the lateral arms of the cross member is generally located substantially at the level of the floor area on which is placed one of the front seats.
  • the fragility created by the " ⁇ " shape prevents one of the arms from breaking or deforming, and thus avoiding to reduce the area of the floor on which a seat is fixed. Once the body has broken or distorted at the " ⁇ " shape, the arms will continue to strengthen the parts of the floor to which they are attached. Passenger safety is improved.
  • said extension In the case where the crosspiece comprises only one extension, said extension is preferably positioned at least partly at the level of the curved shape. " ⁇ ".
  • the extension increases the inertia of the portion of the cross in the form of " ⁇ ", and thus to allow said cross to spend more effort.
  • the width of the extension that is to say the dimension of the extension in the main direction of the cross-member, is greater than the length of the segment of the cross-member running in the shape in " ⁇ ", that is to say its dimension in the main direction of the cross in following the shape of the " ⁇ ".
  • the cross member comprises at least one body of composite material.
  • the use of a composite material makes it possible to make a cross body lighter than a steel cross member, while being rigid.
  • the body forms at least a portion of the main portion and the extension, and deformable tips are attached to the ends of said body, said ends being intended to connect said ends of the body to the elements. of the lateral structure of the vehicle, in particular the longitudinal members.
  • the composite materials may have low deformation capacity, in particular in flexion or torsion when they are subjected at the same time to a compressive force, the deformable tips placed at the ends of the body and intended to connect the cross member to the lateral structure of the vehicle, advantageously make it possible to pass essentially only the compression forces in the body, the other forces, such as, for example, the bending forces related to the rotation of the lateral structure elements of the vehicle on which the crossmember is connected, being absorbed by the deformation of said tips. The risks that the body of composite material is broken down are thus reduced.
  • the body is configured so that its ends are not in contact with the elements of the lateral structure of the vehicle, the connection between said ends of the body and the elements of the lateral structure of the vehicle being made by the end pieces.
  • the cross member of composite material is lightweight, resistant, and allows the deformations at these connections with the structural elements of the vehicle.
  • the impacted spar can rotate on itself along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. If each end piece is attached to each lateral side member of the vehicle, the cross member is placed along the transverse axis of the vehicle. vehicle, the rotation of the impacted spar creates shear forces that will deform the end pieces. This deformation of the end caps limits the forces associated with said rotation of the spar which are transmitted to the body. The body thus essentially receives compression forces in the transverse direction of the vehicle and little effort in other directions.
  • the crossbar is better resistant to the forces of a side impact.
  • the end pieces allow to absorb some of the forces of the shock in the transverse direction of the vehicle. Thus, in the event of a side impact, part of the energy of the impact is dissipated in the deformation of said end pieces. The efforts transmitted to the body are diminished.
  • the end pieces are made of metallic material.
  • the metal provides good mechanical strength and good ability to deform without breaking.
  • the end pieces may be fixed by gluing, riveting, or any other fixing means known to those skilled in the art.
  • the tips can be made of steel for easier shaping or for a low cost, or aluminum to reduce the weight.
  • the endpieces have zones of rupture programmed so as to allow deformation of said end pieces.
  • the deformation of the tip is better control.
  • Several programmed break zones can be applied.
  • surfaces of the cross member may have an "accordion" type shape to allow controlled deformation of the tip.
  • the invention also relates to a vehicle floor having a cross member as described above.
  • the floor is made of composite material.
  • the floor equipped with the crossbar is light.
  • the invention also relates to a vehicle comprising a floor as described above and whose cross is disposed on the face of the floor located on the outside of the vehicle.
  • a vehicle comprising a floor as described above and whose cross is disposed on the face of the floor located on the outside of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle comprises a heel board connected to the floor, and the extension extends to the connection of the floor with the heel board.
  • this arrangement makes it possible to transfer the pulling forces resulting from the rear attachments of the front seats towards the heel board.
  • the risk of deformation or even tearing of the floor are reduced.
  • the resistance of the floor is increased and the safety of the vehicle improved.
  • the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a vehicle comprising a floor equipped with a cross member as described above and comprising a body and end pieces, comprising at least the following steps:
  • the manufacturing process will follow the steps in this order: fixing the body on the floor, laying and fixing the floor on the edges of the beams for receiving said floor, the edges of the side members being oriented towards the roof of the vehicle so the floor is placed on said longitudinal members, and mounting of the end pieces between the body and said longitudinal members.
  • the end pieces can in addition be fixed to the floor.
  • - Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a cross member according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • - Fig. 2 is from below a vehicle floor with a cross member comprising a body as described in fig.l and end caps, the floor and the end pieces being connected to side rails of the structure of a vehicle.
  • FIG. 3 is a view of one end of the body equipped with a nozzle according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
  • - Fig. 4 is a view from below of a vehicle whose floor includes a cross member with a body which has an extension directed rearward of the floor of the vehicle, in the central zone of said body.
  • Fig. 1 shows a vehicle floor reinforcement cross-member 1, intended to be placed on the outside surface of a vehicle floor 2 which comprises a central tunnel, between side rails (not shown in FIG 1) of the structure of the vehicle. vehicle.
  • the crosspiece 1 comprises at these ends endpieces 12.
  • Said crosspiece 1 comprises a main portion extending in a main direction defined by a straight line passing through said end pieces 12, and an extension 17, extending in a direction of extension perpendicular to the main direction.
  • the extension 17 extends from a middle zone of the main part, the middle of the main part being defined by the middle of the length of the main part in the main direction.
  • the cross member 2 comprises a body 11 forming the main part and the extension, and end pieces 12.
  • the body 11 is made of composite material, and the end pieces 12 of metal material.
  • the composite material may be for example a material called SMC composite which is a thermoset semi-product consisting of a web of cut or continuous son impregnated with a mixture of polyester resin, fillers and various adjuvants.
  • the cross-member 1 has a generally U-shaped cross-section, and has a curved central zone 13, forming an " ⁇ ", substantially at the middle of the length of the main portion, intended to follow the floor shape when said floor comprises a central tunnel forming a convex side convex side of the vehicle and extending along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
  • the cross section "U" of the cross member 1 is of variable width, the width of the "U” being the distance between the branches of the "U", so as to form the extension 17.
  • the ends of the "U" shape of the section of the cross member 1 has fallen edges forming surfaces arranged to be pressed against the floor and intended to receive floor fastening means.
  • the "U" shape of the section of the cross member 1 corresponds to a shape comprising two parallel branches interconnected by a base.
  • Said base of the "U” shape is of substantially planar shape and may comprise in places depressions 15. These depressions 15 make it possible to stiffen the crossbar 1.
  • Other forms for the base of the "U” are possible in order to give the particular properties locally or globally at the crossing.
  • Fig. 2 shows the crossbar 1 mounted on a floor 2 of the vehicle.
  • the floor 2 is positioned between two longitudinal members 31.
  • the length of the body 11, that is to say its dimension in the main direction, is less than the spacing between the two longitudinal members 31.
  • the body 11 is fixed to the floor 2 before mounting the floor on the vehicle. Then the floor 2 is installed on the vehicle so as to be supported by the longitudinal members 31.
  • the body 11 can be fixed to the floor by gluing or riveting.
  • Other fastening means known to those skilled in the art can be used, for example in the case of a floor 2 made of composite material, by welding by melting the resin of the composite material of the body 11 and that of the floor 2 then plating the two pieces together until the material cools.
  • the body 11 does not have a curved area in the form of " ⁇ ", so as to follow the flat shape of the floor 2.
  • the body 11 can be made with the floor 2 and thus be an integral part of said floor 2.
  • Each end of the body 11 is connected to one of the longitudinal members 31 by means of one of the endpieces 12.
  • the length of the body 11 will be chosen so as to leave a space between each end of the body 11 and each spar 31.
  • the body 11 and the end pieces 12 form the cross member 1 which therefore extends between the two longitudinal members 31 along the transverse axis of the vehicle.
  • the end pieces 12 are preferably arranged so as to be deformed in case of side impact. They can be made for example made of sheet steel.
  • the end pieces 12 may have shapes with programmed deformation zones, such as for example a shape having accordion edges as illustrated in FIG. 3, to control the deformation of the tips 12.
  • the body 11 is made of composite material, it has good resistance to compressive forces.
  • the resistance of said body 11 is bad when, in addition to the compression forces, forces in different directions to these compressive forces, such as bending or twisting, act on said body 11.
  • the floor 2 of FIG. 2 has a central tunnel.
  • the body 11 has a central zone 13 traversing an " ⁇ " shape so as to follow the central tunnel, the two parts of the body 11 around the central zone 13 forming arms 14.
  • This shape makes it possible to improve the rigidity of the floor 2 at the tunnel in the event of a side impact. It also makes it possible to create a zone of rupture programmed thanks to this " ⁇ " shape when the forces become too great, and to impose that the body 11 breaks or is deformed in the central zone 13 and not at the level of one of the arm 14.
  • the central zone 13 of the body 11 is located substantially in the longitudinal and median axis of the vehicle, the arms are substantially under the front passenger seats. In case of significant side impact, the body 11 will break in its central part at the " ⁇ ", but the arms 14 will remain intact. The arms 14 will thus prevent the reduction of the space containing the seats above each of said arms 14, and thus improve the protection of passengers sitting in said seats.
  • said body may comprise means of deformation or programmed rupture, such as, for example, localized decreases in thickness or a local decrease in the section. 11.
  • the body 11 may travel in an " ⁇ " shape on a segment located in the middle but positioned in a plane substantially parallel to the floor 2 of the vehicle when said body 11 is fixed on the floor.
  • the cross member 1 can be positioned on the floor 2 of the passenger side of the vehicle.
  • Fig. 4 shows a floor 2 of vehicle equipped with a cross member 1, the body 11 has the extension 17.
  • This extension 17 preferably extends towards the rear of the vehicle when the crossbar 1 is fixed on the vehicle.
  • the extension 17 s preferably extends to the floor area 2 connected to said heel board.
  • the rear fasteners of the front seats generate traction forces on the floor 2 of the vehicle, traction forces directed towards the passenger compartment of the vehicle and seeking to lift the floor 2.
  • These traction forces applying to the floor 2 are taken up by the cross 1.
  • the extension 17 allows to transmit these forces from the seats to the heel board and thus increase the resistance of the floor 2 vis-à-vis these traction forces.
  • the crossbar 1 is preferably positioned so as to be substantially vis-à-vis with the central feet of the vehicle structure so as to recover the forces in the event of a side impact.
  • Other positions along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle when the floor is installed on a vehicle can be considered.
  • the width of the extension 17, that is to say its dimension along the transverse axis of the vehicle when the crossbar 1 is installed on the vehicle 2, is greater than the length of the central zone 13 shaped of " ⁇ ", that is to say the size of said central zone 13 along the main direction of the cross member, substantially parallel to the transverse axis of the vehicle when the cross member 11 is installed on the vehicle.
  • the extension 17 also makes it possible to increase the cross-sectional area of the cross-member 1 at the level of the central zone 13.
  • the capacity of the central zone 13 has withstood the forces in the event of a side-impact is thus improved.
  • the crossmember may comprise several extensions 17.
  • the crossmember 1 may comprise two extensions 17 positioned on either side of the middle of the main part of the crossmember 1 and giving said crossmember 1 a "TT" shape. ".
  • the body 11 may comprise reinforcing ribs in the volume defined by its section "U” so as to increase the rigidity of said body 11.
  • each endpiece 12 is positioned between one of the ends of the body 11 and one of the longitudinal members 31, fixed to the body 11 and the spar 31, and possibly also fixed to the floor 2.
  • the floor 2 can be first fixed to the longitudinal members 31, then the body of the cross member is fixed to the floor 2. Finally, each end piece 12 is positioned between one of the ends of the body 11 and one of the longitudinal members 31, fixed to the body 11 and the spar 31, and possibly also to the floor 2.
  • the floor 2 is fixed to the longitudinal members 31, then the end pieces 12 are fixed on the body 11, and finally the crossmember 1 is fixed to the floor 2 and to the longitudinal members 31, the ends 12 making the connection between the body 11 and the longitudinal members 31.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a cross-member (1) for fitting to the surface of the floor (2) of a vehicle, characterised in that it comprises a main part extending in a first main direction and designed to extend between elements of the lateral structure of said vehicle, and at least one extension (17) extending in a second direction of extension different from the main direction.

Description

TRAVERSE TRANSVERSALE DE RENFORT AMELIOREE POUR LE CHOC LATERAL ET LE CHOC FRONTAL  IMPROVED CROSSROAD STRAP FOR SIDE SHOCK AND FRONT SHOCK
L'invention concerne une structure de véhicule destinée à résister en cas de choc latéral, et en particulier une traverse de renfort pour choc latéral. The invention relates to a vehicle structure intended to resist in the event of a side impact, and in particular a reinforcing cross member for lateral impact.
La structure de la carrosserie d'un véhicule est conçue pour absorber un maximum d'énergie lors d'un impact. Dans le cas d'un impact latéral, l'habitacle doit rester relativement préservé pour protéger ses occupants. Généralement, afin de résister à un choc latéral, les véhicules automobiles comportent au moins une traverse transversale de renfort située sur le plancher du véhicule, du côté de l'habitacle. Cette traverse s'étend d'un côté latéral du véhicule à l'autre côté latéral, sensiblement perpendiculairement à l'axe longitudinal du véhicule. Pour répondre au durcissement des protocoles de test en choc latéral, la tendance actuelle consiste à renforcer cette traverse de renfort située contre le plancher du véhicule. Par exemple, la demande de brevet EP0799757 décrit une traverse de renfort de plancher pour le choc latéral, s'étendant entre chaque côté latéral du véhicule. La traverse transversale a une forme en U inversée, les extrémités des branches du U étant fixées sur la surface du plancher et les extrémités de la traverse étant fixées aux longerons latéraux du véhicule. La traverse est positionné en vis-à-vis des pieds milieux de la structure du véhicule. Les fixations arrière des sièges avant sont fixées à la traverse. The body structure of a vehicle is designed to absorb as much energy as possible during an impact. In the case of a side impact, the cockpit must remain relatively preserved to protect its occupants. Generally, in order to withstand a side impact, the motor vehicles comprise at least one transverse reinforcing cross member located on the floor of the vehicle, on the side of the passenger compartment. This crossbar extends from one lateral side of the vehicle to the other lateral side, substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. To respond to the hardening of side impact test protocols, the current trend is to strengthen the reinforcing beam located against the floor of the vehicle. For example, patent application EP0799757 discloses a floor reinforcement cross member for lateral impact, extending between each lateral side of the vehicle. The transverse cross member has an inverted U shape, the ends of the legs of the U being fixed on the floor surface and the ends of the cross member being fixed to the side rails of the vehicle. The cross is positioned vis-à-vis the middle feet of the vehicle structure. The rear attachments of the front seats are attached to the transom.
L'inconvénient de cette solution est qu'en cas de choc avant, les sièges avant, dont la fixation arrière sur le plancher est réalisée sur la traverse, génèrent des efforts d'arrachement sur ledit plancher du véhicule. Or, la traverse est dimensionnée pour résister aux efforts de compression pour le choc latéral. Par contre, en cas de choc frontal, les efforts d'arrachement générés par les sièges avant au niveau de leurs fixations arrière vont déformer la traverse. Les sièges risquent de se déplacer par la déformation de la traverse et du plancher au niveau de leurs points de fixation arrière. Ces déplacements des sièges avant et la déformation du plancher derrière les sièges augmentent les risques de blessures pour les passagers avant comme arrière. De plus, la position de la traverse à l'intérieur du véhicule diminue la place disponible pour les pieds des passagers arrière. La présente invention a pour but d'améliorer la sécurité du véhicule en cas de choc. En particulier, elle a pour objectif de renforcer le plancher du véhicule en cas de choc latéral et pour mieux résister aux efforts des sièges en cas de choc frontal. Elle a aussi pour objectif d'alléger la structure du véhicule sans dégrader la sécurité du véhicule en cas de choc. Un autre objectif de l'invention est de diminuer l'impact sur le volume habitable, en particulier au niveau des pieds des passagers arrière, des éléments de renfort du plancher d'un véhicule. The disadvantage of this solution is that in case of front impact, the front seats, whose rear attachment to the floor is made on the cross, generate pulling forces on said floor of the vehicle. However, the cross is dimensioned to withstand the compression forces for the side impact. On the other hand, in the event of a frontal impact, the pulling forces generated by the front seats at their rear attachments will deform the cross member. The seats may move by deformation of the cross member and the floor at their rear attachment points. These movements of the front seats and the deformation of the floor behind the seats increase the risk of injury to front and rear passengers. In addition, the position of the cross member inside the vehicle reduces the space available for the feet of the rear passengers. The present invention aims to improve the safety of the vehicle in case of impact. In particular, it aims to strengthen the vehicle floor in case of side impact and to better withstand the efforts of the seats in case of frontal impact. It also aims to lighten the structure of the vehicle without degrading the vehicle safety in case of shock. Another object of the invention is to reduce the impact on the living space, particularly at the feet of the rear passengers, reinforcing elements of the floor of a vehicle.
Ce but est atteint selon l'invention grâce à une traverse destinée à être installée sur la surface d'un plancher de véhicule, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte une partie principale s'étendant suivant une première direction principale et destinée à s'étendre entre des éléments de la structure latérale dudit véhicule, et au moins une extension s'étendant dans une deuxième direction d'extension différente de la direction principale. This object is achieved according to the invention by means of a cross member intended to be installed on the surface of a vehicle floor, characterized in that it comprises a main part extending in a first main direction and intended to extend between elements of the lateral structure of said vehicle, and at least one extension extending in a second direction of extension different from the main direction.
Ainsi, lorsque la traverse est fixée sur un plancher de véhicule, la partie principale permet de renforcer le plancher en cas de choc latéral, et l'extension permet de renforcer le plancher autour de ladite traverse vis-à-vis des efforts perpendiculaires au plancher en répartissant lesdits efforts sur une plus grande surface en cas de choc frontal. En effet, en cas de choc frontal, les fixations arrière des sièges avant vont transmettre des efforts sur le plancher. Ces efforts ont une composante perpendiculaire au plancher importante, qui a tendant à tirer sur ledit plancher et provenant du pivotement des sièges suivant un axe de rotation parallèle à l'axe transversal du véhicule. En positionnant la traverse sur le plancher du véhicule de manière à ce que la partie principale soit à proximité ou approximativement en vis-à-vis avec les fixations arrière des sièges avant, en se plaçant dans le référentiel du véhicule, et s'étendant suivant l'axe transversal du véhicule pour être reliée au moins par deux extrémités opposées à des éléments de structures latérales du véhicule, comme par exemple des longerons, et de manière à ce que l'extension de la traverse soit orientée vers l'arrière du véhicule, le plancher résiste mieux à ces efforts de tirages grâce à la coopération avec ladite traverse qui répartit ces efforts de tirage sur une plus grande surface du plancher. Thus, when the crossbar is fixed on a vehicle floor, the main part reinforces the floor in the event of a side impact, and the extension reinforces the floor around said cross-member vis-à-vis the forces perpendicular to the floor distributing said forces over a larger area in the event of a frontal impact. Indeed, in case of frontal impact, the rear fasteners of the front seats will transmit efforts on the floor. These forces have a component perpendicular to the large floor, which tends to pull on said floor and from the pivoting of the seats along an axis of rotation parallel to the transverse axis of the vehicle. Positioning the cross member on the vehicle floor so that the main part is near or approximately facing the rear attachments of the front seats, placing itself in the vehicle's reference frame, and extending as follows the transverse axis of the vehicle to be connected at least by two opposite ends to lateral structural elements of the vehicle, such as longitudinal members, and so that the extension of the cross is oriented towards the rear of the vehicle , the floor is more resistant to these drawing efforts through cooperation with said cross which distributes these draw forces over a larger area of the floor.
Dans un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, l'extension s'étend perpendiculairement à la direction principale de ladite traverse depuis le milieu de ladite partie principale, le milieu de ladite partie principale étant le milieu de la longueur de la partie principale suivant la direction principale. En ne réalisant qu'une extension, la traverse est plus légère et sa mise en place sur le plancher plus simple qu'avec plusieurs extensions. La position de l'extension au milieu de la partie principale a l'avantage d'offrir une résistance de la traverse est symétrique en cas de choc frontal, de chaque côté du milieu de la partie principale de la traverse. Dans un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, un segment du milieu de la partie principale suit une forme courbe en « Ω » s'étendant dans un plan différent du plan défini par la direction principale et la direction d'extension, agencé pour suivre la forme du plancher du véhicule lorsque ledit plancher comporte un tunnel suivant l'axe médian longitudinal du véhicule. Avantageusement, la traverse peut ainsi renforcer le tunnel du plancher. En effet, en cas de choc latéral sur un véhicule comportant un plancher avec un tunnel central, le tunnel crée une zone fragile qui va rapidement se déformer, et entraîner une déformation de l'ensemble du plancher. La largeur de l'habitacle va diminuer. En donnant à une partie de la traverse cette forme en « Ω » qui suit la forme du tunnel, la traverse renforce la résistance du plancher au niveau du tunnel en cas de choc latéral, et retarde sa déformation, tout en conservant un espace dans le tunnel pour le passage d'éléments technique du véhicule, comme par exemple un tuyau d'échappement, des canalisations ou un arbre de transmission. Un autre avantage est que cette forme en « Ω » crée une zone moins résistante que le reste de la traverse, du fait de la courbure. Ainsi, en cas de choc latéral, si les efforts sont trop importants, la partie centrale de la traverse comportant cette forme en « Ω » va se rompre ou se déformer avant les parties de la traverse situées autour de ladite zone centrale en « Ω » et qui forment des bras latéraux de la traverse. Lorsque la traverse est fixée à un plancher de véhicule comportant un tunnel, chacun des bras latéraux de la traverse est généralement situé sensiblement au niveau de la zone du plancher sur laquelle est placé un des sièges avant. La fragilité créée par la forme en « Ω » permet d'éviter à l'un des bras de casser ou de se déformer, et donc d'éviter de réduire la zone du plancher sur laquelle un siège est fixé. Une fois que le corps s'est rompu ou s'est déformé au niveau de la forme en « Ω », les bras vont continuer à renforcer les parties du plancher auxquelles ils sont fixés. La sécurité des passagers est améliorée. Dans le cas où la traverse comporte qu'une seule extension, ladite extension est positionnée de manière préférentielle au moins en partie au niveau de la forme courbe en « Ω ». Ainsi, l'extension permet d'augmenter l'inertie de la partie de la traverse en forme de « Ω », et donc de permettre à ladite traverse de passer plus d'effort. Dans ce cas, de manière préférentiel, la largeur de l'extension, c'est-à-dire la dimension de l'extension suivant la direction principale de la traverse, est plus grande que la longueur du segment de la traverse parcourant la forme en « Ω », c'est-à-dire sa dimension suivant la direction principale de la traverse en suivant la forme du « Ω ». In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the extension extends perpendicular to the main direction of said crossbar from the middle of said main part, the middle of said main part being the middle of the length of the main part following the main direction. By making only one extension, the cross is lighter and its implementation on the floor simpler than with several extensions. The position of the extension in the middle of the main part has the advantage of offering a resistance of the crossbar is symmetrical in case of frontal impact, each side of the middle of the main part of the cross. In another embodiment of the invention, a segment of the middle of the main part follows a "Ω" curve shape extending in a plane different from the plane defined by the main direction and the direction of extension, arranged to follow the shape of the floor of the vehicle when said floor comprises a tunnel along the longitudinal median axis of the vehicle. Advantageously, the cross-member can thus strengthen the tunnel of the floor. Indeed, in case of side impact on a vehicle with a floor with a central tunnel, the tunnel creates a fragile area that will quickly deform, and cause a deformation of the entire floor. The width of the passenger compartment will decrease. By giving a part of the transom this "Ω" shape which follows the shape of the tunnel, the crossbar reinforces the resistance of the floor at the level of the tunnel in the event of a side impact, and retards its deformation, while maintaining a space in the tunnel for the passage of technical elements of the vehicle, such as an exhaust pipe, pipes or a transmission shaft. Another advantage is that this "Ω" shape creates an area less resistant than the rest of the crossbar, because of the curvature. Thus, in the event of a lateral impact, if the forces are too great, the central part of the crosspiece comprising this "Ω" shape will break or deform before the parts of the crosspiece located around said central zone in "Ω". and which form lateral arms of the crossbar. When the cross member is attached to a vehicle floor having a tunnel, each of the lateral arms of the cross member is generally located substantially at the level of the floor area on which is placed one of the front seats. The fragility created by the "Ω" shape prevents one of the arms from breaking or deforming, and thus avoiding to reduce the area of the floor on which a seat is fixed. Once the body has broken or distorted at the "Ω" shape, the arms will continue to strengthen the parts of the floor to which they are attached. Passenger safety is improved. In the case where the crosspiece comprises only one extension, said extension is preferably positioned at least partly at the level of the curved shape. "Ω". Thus, the extension increases the inertia of the portion of the cross in the form of "Ω", and thus to allow said cross to spend more effort. In this case, preferably, the width of the extension, that is to say the dimension of the extension in the main direction of the cross-member, is greater than the length of the segment of the cross-member running in the shape in "Ω", that is to say its dimension in the main direction of the cross in following the shape of the "Ω".
Dans un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, la traverse comporte au moins un corps en matériau composite. In another embodiment of the invention, the cross member comprises at least one body of composite material.
Ainsi avantageusement, l'utilisation d'un matériau composite permet de réaliser un corps de traverse plus léger qu'une traverse en acier, tout en étant rigide.  Advantageously, the use of a composite material makes it possible to make a cross body lighter than a steel cross member, while being rigid.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, le corps forme au moins une partie de la partie principale et l'extension, et des embouts déformables sont fixés aux extrémités dudit corps, lesdits embouts étant destinés à relier lesdites extrémités du corps aux éléments de la structure latérale du véhicule, en particulier aux longerons. Les matériaux composites pouvant avoir de faibles capacités de déformation, en particulier en flexion ou torsion lorsqu'ils sont soumis en même temps à un effort de compression, les embouts déformables placés aux extrémités du corps et destinés à relier la traverse à la structure latérale du véhicule, permettent avantageusement de ne faire passer essentiellement que les efforts de compression dans le corps, les autres efforts comme par exemple les efforts de flexion liés à la rotation des éléments de structure latérale du véhicule sur lesquelles la traverse est reliée, étant absorbés par la déformation desdits embouts. Les risques que le corps en matériau composite ne se brise sont ainsi diminués. De préférence, le corps est configuré de manière à ce que ses extrémités ne soient pas en contact avec les éléments de la structure latérale du véhicule, la liaison entre lesdites extrémités du corps et les éléments de la structure latérale du véhicule étant réalisée par les embouts. Ainsi, la traverse en matériau composite est légère, résistante, et permet les déformations au niveau de ces liaisons avec les éléments de structure du véhicule.  In another embodiment of the invention, the body forms at least a portion of the main portion and the extension, and deformable tips are attached to the ends of said body, said ends being intended to connect said ends of the body to the elements. of the lateral structure of the vehicle, in particular the longitudinal members. The composite materials may have low deformation capacity, in particular in flexion or torsion when they are subjected at the same time to a compressive force, the deformable tips placed at the ends of the body and intended to connect the cross member to the lateral structure of the vehicle, advantageously make it possible to pass essentially only the compression forces in the body, the other forces, such as, for example, the bending forces related to the rotation of the lateral structure elements of the vehicle on which the crossmember is connected, being absorbed by the deformation of said tips. The risks that the body of composite material is broken down are thus reduced. Preferably, the body is configured so that its ends are not in contact with the elements of the lateral structure of the vehicle, the connection between said ends of the body and the elements of the lateral structure of the vehicle being made by the end pieces. . Thus, the cross member of composite material is lightweight, resistant, and allows the deformations at these connections with the structural elements of the vehicle.
Par exemple, dans le cas d'une structure de véhicule comportant des longerons latéraux, lors d'un choc latéral sur un des côtés du véhicule, le longeron impacté peut pivoter sur lui-même suivant l'axe longitudinal du véhicule. Si chaque embout est fixé sur chaque longeron latéral du véhicule, la traverse étant placée suivant l'axe transversal du véhicule, la rotation du longeron impacté crée des efforts de cisaillement qui vont déformer les embouts. Cette déformation des embouts limite les efforts liés à ladite rotation du longeron qui sont transmis au corps. Le corps reçoit ainsi essentiellement des efforts de compression dans le sens transversal du véhicule et peu d'effort dans des directions autres. La traverse résiste ainsi mieux aux efforts d'un choc latéral. For example, in the case of a vehicle structure comprising side rails, during a side impact on one side of the vehicle, the impacted spar can rotate on itself along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. If each end piece is attached to each lateral side member of the vehicle, the cross member is placed along the transverse axis of the vehicle. vehicle, the rotation of the impacted spar creates shear forces that will deform the end pieces. This deformation of the end caps limits the forces associated with said rotation of the spar which are transmitted to the body. The body thus essentially receives compression forces in the transverse direction of the vehicle and little effort in other directions. The crossbar is better resistant to the forces of a side impact.
Un autre avantage est que les embouts permettent d'absorber une partie des efforts du choc dans la direction transversale du véhicule. Ainsi en cas de choc latéral, une partie de l'énergie du choc est dissipée dans la déformation desdits embouts. Les efforts transmis au corps sont diminués. Dans un mode de réalisation particulier, les embouts sont en matériau métallique.Another advantage is that the end pieces allow to absorb some of the forces of the shock in the transverse direction of the vehicle. Thus, in the event of a side impact, part of the energy of the impact is dissipated in the deformation of said end pieces. The efforts transmitted to the body are diminished. In a particular embodiment, the end pieces are made of metallic material.
Avantageusement, le métal permet d'avoir une bonne résistance mécanique et de bonnes capacités à se déformer sans se briser. Les embouts peuvent être fixés par collage, par rivetage, ou tout autre moyen de fixation connu par l'homme du métier. Les embouts peuvent être en acier pour une mise en forme plus facile ou pour un coût faible, ou encore en aluminium pour en réduire la masse. Advantageously, the metal provides good mechanical strength and good ability to deform without breaking. The end pieces may be fixed by gluing, riveting, or any other fixing means known to those skilled in the art. The tips can be made of steel for easier shaping or for a low cost, or aluminum to reduce the weight.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, les embouts comportent des zones de rupture programmée de manière à permettre une déformation desdits embouts. Ainsi avantageusement, la déformation de l'embout est mieux contrôler. Plusieurs zones de ruptures programmées peuvent être appliquées. Par exemple, des surfaces de la traverse transversale peuvent avoir une forme de type « accordéon » afin de permettre une déformation contrôlée de l'embout. In another embodiment of the invention, the endpieces have zones of rupture programmed so as to allow deformation of said end pieces. Thus advantageously, the deformation of the tip is better control. Several programmed break zones can be applied. For example, surfaces of the cross member may have an "accordion" type shape to allow controlled deformation of the tip.
L'invention porte aussi sur un plancher de véhicule comportant une traverse telle que décrite précédemment. The invention also relates to a vehicle floor having a cross member as described above.
Avantageusement, un plancher équipée d'une traverse telle que décrite Advantageously, a floor equipped with a cross member as described
précédemment est plus résistant en cas de choc latéral et frontal. previously is more resistant in case of lateral and frontal impact.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, le plancher est en matériau composite. Avantageusement, la plancher équipé de la traverse est léger. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the floor is made of composite material. Advantageously, the floor equipped with the crossbar is light.
L'invention porte aussi sur un véhicule comportant un plancher tel que décrit précédemment et dont la traverse est disposée sur la face du plancher située côté extérieur du véhicule. Avantageusement, cette disposition permet de ne pas empiéter sur le volume de l'habitacle du véhicule. En particulier, cette disposition évite de créer des volumes sur le plancher du véhicule côté habitacle. The invention also relates to a vehicle comprising a floor as described above and whose cross is disposed on the face of the floor located on the outside of the vehicle. Advantageously, this provision makes it possible not to encroach on the volume of the passenger compartment of the vehicle. In particular, this arrangement avoids creating volumes on the vehicle floor vehicle side.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, le véhicule comporte une planche à talon relié au plancher, et l'extension s'étend jusqu'à la liaison du plancher avec la planche à talon. In another embodiment of the invention, the vehicle comprises a heel board connected to the floor, and the extension extends to the connection of the floor with the heel board.
Ainsi, avantageusement, en cas de choc avant, cette disposition permet de transférer les efforts de tirage issus des fixations arrière des sièges avant vers la planche à talon. Les risques de déformation, voire d'arrachement du plancher sont diminués. La résistance du plancher est augmentée et la sécurité du véhicule améliorée. Thus, advantageously, in the event of a front impact, this arrangement makes it possible to transfer the pulling forces resulting from the rear attachments of the front seats towards the heel board. The risk of deformation or even tearing of the floor are reduced. The resistance of the floor is increased and the safety of the vehicle improved.
L'invention porte aussi sur un procédé de fabrication d'un véhicule comportant un plancher équipé d'une traverse telle que décrite précédemment et comportant un corps et des embouts, comportant au moins les étapes suivantes : The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a vehicle comprising a floor equipped with a cross member as described above and comprising a body and end pieces, comprising at least the following steps:
- fixation du corps sur plancher  - fixing the body on a floor
- fixation du plancher entre les structures latérales du véhicule, en particulier entre les longerons  - fixing of the floor between the lateral structures of the vehicle, in particular between the side members
- fixation d'un embout à chaque extrémité du corps de la partie principale de la traverse et un élément de la structure latérale du véhicule, de chaque côté du véhicule.  - Fixing a tip at each end of the body of the main part of the cross member and an element of the lateral structure of the vehicle on each side of the vehicle.
De préférence, le procédé de fabrication suivra les étapes dans cet ordre : fixation du corps sur le plancher, pose et fixation du plancher sur des rebords des longerons destinés à recevoir ledit plancher, les rebords des longerons étant orientés vers le toit du véhicule de manière à ce que le plancher soit posé sur lesdits longerons, puis montage des embouts entre le corps et lesdits longerons. Les embouts peuvent en complément être fixés au plancher.  Preferably, the manufacturing process will follow the steps in this order: fixing the body on the floor, laying and fixing the floor on the edges of the beams for receiving said floor, the edges of the side members being oriented towards the roof of the vehicle so the floor is placed on said longitudinal members, and mounting of the end pieces between the body and said longitudinal members. The end pieces can in addition be fixed to the floor.
Ainsi, avantageusement, le montage du plancher et de la traverse sur la structure du véhicule est simplifié. Thus, advantageously, the mounting of the floor and the cross member on the vehicle structure is simplified.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :  The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example and with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
- La fig. 1 est une vue en perspective d'une traverse suivant un mode de réalisation de l'invention. - La fig. 2 est du dessous d'un plancher de véhicule avec une traverse comportant un corps tel que décrit en fig.l et des embouts, le plancher et les embouts étant reliés à des longerons latéraux de la structure d'un véhicule. - Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a cross member according to one embodiment of the invention. - Fig. 2 is from below a vehicle floor with a cross member comprising a body as described in fig.l and end caps, the floor and the end pieces being connected to side rails of the structure of a vehicle.
- La fig. 3 est une vue d'une extrémité du corps équipé d'un embout suivant un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention.  - Fig. 3 is a view of one end of the body equipped with a nozzle according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
- La fig. 4 est une vue du dessous d'un véhicule dont le plancher comporte une traverse avec un corps qui possède une extension dirigée vers l'arrière du plancher du véhicule, dans la zone centrale dudit corps.  - Fig. 4 is a view from below of a vehicle whose floor includes a cross member with a body which has an extension directed rearward of the floor of the vehicle, in the central zone of said body.
Les dessins sont des représentations schématiques pour faciliter la compréhension de l'invention. Les composants ne sont pas forcément représentés à l'échelle. Les mêmes références correspondent aux mêmes composants d'une figure à l'autre. The drawings are schematic representations to facilitate the understanding of the invention. The components are not necessarily represented on the scale. The same references correspond to the same components from one figure to another.
La fig. 1 montre une traverse 1 de renfort de plancher de véhicule, destinée à être placée sur la face côté extérieur d'un plancher 2 de véhicule qui comporte un tunnel central, entre des longerons latéraux (non représentés en fig. 1) de la structure du véhicule. La traverse 1 comporte à ces extrémités des embouts 12. Ladite traverse 1 comporte une partie principale s'étendant suivant une direction principale définie par une ligne droite passant par lesdits embouts 12, et une extension 17, s'étendant dans une direction d'extension perpendiculaire à la direction principale. L'extension 17 s'étend depuis une zone milieu de la partie principale, le milieu de la partie principale étant défini par le milieu de la longueur de la partie principale selon la direction principale. La traverse 2 comporte un corps 11 formant la partie principale et l'extension, et des embouts 12. De préférence, le corps 11 est en matériau composite, et les embouts 12 en matériau métallique. Le matériau composite peut être par exemple un matériau appelé composite SMC qui est un semi-produit thermodur constitué de nappe de fils coupés ou continus imprégnés par un mélange de résine polyester, de charges et d'adjuvants divers. Fig. 1 shows a vehicle floor reinforcement cross-member 1, intended to be placed on the outside surface of a vehicle floor 2 which comprises a central tunnel, between side rails (not shown in FIG 1) of the structure of the vehicle. vehicle. The crosspiece 1 comprises at these ends endpieces 12. Said crosspiece 1 comprises a main portion extending in a main direction defined by a straight line passing through said end pieces 12, and an extension 17, extending in a direction of extension perpendicular to the main direction. The extension 17 extends from a middle zone of the main part, the middle of the main part being defined by the middle of the length of the main part in the main direction. The cross member 2 comprises a body 11 forming the main part and the extension, and end pieces 12. Preferably, the body 11 is made of composite material, and the end pieces 12 of metal material. The composite material may be for example a material called SMC composite which is a thermoset semi-product consisting of a web of cut or continuous son impregnated with a mixture of polyester resin, fillers and various adjuvants.
Le traverse 1 a une section transversale générale sensiblement en forme de « U », et comporte une zone centrale courbe 13, formant un « Ω », sensiblement au niveau du milieu de la longueur de la partie principale, destinée à suivre la forme plancher lorsque ledit plancher comporte un tunnel central formant une partie bombée côté habitacle du véhicule et s'étendant suivant l'axe longitudinal du véhicule. La section transversale en « U » de la traverse 1 est de largeur variable, la largeur du « U » étant la distance entre les branches du « U », de manière à former l'extension 17. Les extrémités de la forme en « U » de la section de la traverse 1 comporte des bords tombés formant des surfaces agencées pour être plaquées contre le plancher et destinées à recevoir des moyens de fixation au plancher. The cross-member 1 has a generally U-shaped cross-section, and has a curved central zone 13, forming an "Ω", substantially at the middle of the length of the main portion, intended to follow the floor shape when said floor comprises a central tunnel forming a convex side convex side of the vehicle and extending along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. The cross section "U" of the cross member 1 is of variable width, the width of the "U" being the distance between the branches of the "U", so as to form the extension 17. The ends of the "U" shape of the section of the cross member 1 has fallen edges forming surfaces arranged to be pressed against the floor and intended to receive floor fastening means.
La forme en « U » de la section de la traverse 1 correspond à une forme comportant deux branches parallèles reliées entre elles par une base. Ladite base de la forme en « U » est de forme sensiblement plane et peut comporter par endroit des dépressions 15. Ces dépressions 15 permettent de rigidifier la traverse 1. D'autres formes pour la base du « U » sont possibles afin de donner les propriétés particulières localement ou globalement à la traverse. La fig. 2 montre la traverse 1 montée sur un plancher 2 de véhicule. Le plancher 2 est positionné entre deux longerons 31. La longueur du corps 11, c'est-à-dire sa dimension suivant la direction principale, est inférieure à l'écartement entre les deux longerons 31. Le corps 11 est fixé au plancher 2 avant de monter le plancher sur le véhicule. Puis le plancher 2 est installé sur le véhicule de manière à être supporter par les longerons 31. Le corps 11 peut être fixé au plancher par collage ou rivetage. D'autres moyens de fixation connus de l'homme du métier peuvent être utilisés, comme par exemple dans le cas d'un plancher 2 en matériau composite, par soudage en faisant fondre la résine du matériau composite du corps 11 et celle du plancher 2, puis en plaquant les deux pièces l'une contre l'autre jusqu'à refroidissement de la matière. En variante, dans le cas d'un plancher 2 plat, c'est-à-dire sans tunnel, de préférence le corps 11 ne comporte pas de zone courbe en forme de « Ω », de manière à suivre la forme plane du plancher 2. En variante, le corps 11 peut être réalisé avec le plancher 2 et être ainsi une partie intégrée audit plancher 2. The "U" shape of the section of the cross member 1 corresponds to a shape comprising two parallel branches interconnected by a base. Said base of the "U" shape is of substantially planar shape and may comprise in places depressions 15. These depressions 15 make it possible to stiffen the crossbar 1. Other forms for the base of the "U" are possible in order to give the particular properties locally or globally at the crossing. Fig. 2 shows the crossbar 1 mounted on a floor 2 of the vehicle. The floor 2 is positioned between two longitudinal members 31. The length of the body 11, that is to say its dimension in the main direction, is less than the spacing between the two longitudinal members 31. The body 11 is fixed to the floor 2 before mounting the floor on the vehicle. Then the floor 2 is installed on the vehicle so as to be supported by the longitudinal members 31. The body 11 can be fixed to the floor by gluing or riveting. Other fastening means known to those skilled in the art can be used, for example in the case of a floor 2 made of composite material, by welding by melting the resin of the composite material of the body 11 and that of the floor 2 then plating the two pieces together until the material cools. Alternatively, in the case of a flat floor 2, that is to say without tunnel, preferably the body 11 does not have a curved area in the form of "Ω", so as to follow the flat shape of the floor 2. Alternatively, the body 11 can be made with the floor 2 and thus be an integral part of said floor 2.
Chaque extrémité du corps 11 est reliée à l'un des longerons 31 par l'intermédiaire d'un des embouts 12. De préférence, la longueur du corps 11 sera choisie de manière à laisser un espace entre chaque extrémité du corps 11 et chaque longeron 31. Le corps 11 et les embouts 12 forment la traverse 1 qui s'étend donc entre les deux longerons 31 suivant l'axe transversal du véhicule. Each end of the body 11 is connected to one of the longitudinal members 31 by means of one of the endpieces 12. Preferably, the length of the body 11 will be chosen so as to leave a space between each end of the body 11 and each spar 31. The body 11 and the end pieces 12 form the cross member 1 which therefore extends between the two longitudinal members 31 along the transverse axis of the vehicle.
En cas de choc latéral, les efforts subis par le longeron situé du côté du choc sont transmis au corps 11 via les embouts 12. Les embouts 12 sont de préférence agencés de manière à pouvoir se déformer en cas de choc latéral. Ils peuvent être réalisés par exemple en tôle d'acier. Les embouts 12 peuvent avoir des formes comportant des zones de déformation programmées, comme par exemple une forme comportant des bords en accordéon comme illustrés en fig. 3, pour contrôler la déformation des embouts 12. Lorsque le corps 11 est en matériau composite, il possède une bonne résistance aux efforts en compression. Par contre, la résistance dudit corps 11 est mauvaise lorsque, en plus des efforts de compression, des efforts suivant des directions différentes à ces efforts de compression, comme par exemple la flexion ou la torsion, agissent sur ledit corps 11. Ces efforts autres que la compression peuvent venir par exemple de la rotation sur lui- même suivant un axe parallèle à l'axe longitudinal du véhicule du longeron 31 impacté par le choc. En se déformant, les embouts 12 permettent de n'avoir essentiellement que les efforts de compression qui s'appliquent sur le corps 11, en absorbant les autres efforts. In case of side impact, the forces experienced by the spar on the shock side are transmitted to the body 11 via the end pieces 12. The end pieces 12 are preferably arranged so as to be deformed in case of side impact. They can be made for example made of sheet steel. The end pieces 12 may have shapes with programmed deformation zones, such as for example a shape having accordion edges as illustrated in FIG. 3, to control the deformation of the tips 12. When the body 11 is made of composite material, it has good resistance to compressive forces. On the other hand, the resistance of said body 11 is bad when, in addition to the compression forces, forces in different directions to these compressive forces, such as bending or twisting, act on said body 11. These efforts other than the compression can come for example from the rotation on itself along an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle of the spar 31 impacted by the shock. By deforming, the tips 12 allow to have essentially the compression forces that apply to the body 11, absorbing other efforts.
De plus, ces embouts 12 permettent aussi d'absorber une partie du choc, et d'obtenir ainsi une montée plus progressive des efforts sur le corps 11 et de diminuer l'accélération subite par les passagers. Le plancher 2 de la fig. 2 comporte un tunnel central. Le corps 11 comporte une zone centrale 13 parcourant une forme en « Ω » de manière à suivre le tunnel central, les deux parties du corps 11 autour de la zone centrale 13 formant des bras 14. Cette forme permet d'améliorer la rigidité du plancher 2 au niveau du tunnel en cas de choc latéral. Elle permet aussi de créer une zone de rupture programmée grâce à cette forme en « Ω » lorsque les efforts deviennent trop importants, et imposer que le corps 11 se rompe ou se déforme dans la zone centrale 13 et non au niveau de l'un des bras 14. La zone centrale 13 du corps 11 se situant sensiblement dans l'axe longitudinal et médian du véhicule, les bras sont sensiblement sous les sièges des passagers avant. En cas de choc latéral important, le corps 11 va se rompre dans sa partie centrale au niveau du « Ω », mais les bras 14 vont rester intacts. Les bras 14 vont ainsi permettre d'éviter la diminution de l'espace contenant les sièges situé au-dessus de chacun desdits bras 14, et donc d'améliorer la protection des passagers assis dans lesdits sièges. In addition, these tips 12 also absorb some of the shock, and thus obtain a more gradual increase of the forces on the body 11 and reduce the sudden acceleration by passengers. The floor 2 of FIG. 2 has a central tunnel. The body 11 has a central zone 13 traversing an "Ω" shape so as to follow the central tunnel, the two parts of the body 11 around the central zone 13 forming arms 14. This shape makes it possible to improve the rigidity of the floor 2 at the tunnel in the event of a side impact. It also makes it possible to create a zone of rupture programmed thanks to this "Ω" shape when the forces become too great, and to impose that the body 11 breaks or is deformed in the central zone 13 and not at the level of one of the arm 14. The central zone 13 of the body 11 is located substantially in the longitudinal and median axis of the vehicle, the arms are substantially under the front passenger seats. In case of significant side impact, the body 11 will break in its central part at the "Ω", but the arms 14 will remain intact. The arms 14 will thus prevent the reduction of the space containing the seats above each of said arms 14, and thus improve the protection of passengers sitting in said seats.
Dans le cas d'un corps ne comportant pas de zone centrale 13 en forme de « Ω », ledit corps peut comporter des moyens de déformation ou de rupture programmée, comme par exemple des diminutions d'épaisseur localisées ou une diminution locale de la section du corps 11. En variante, le corps 11 peut parcourir une forme en « Ω » sur un segment situé au milieu mais positionné dans un plan sensiblement parallèle au plancher 2 du véhicule lorsque ledit corps 11 est fixé sur le plancher. In the case of a body having no central zone 13 in the form of "Ω", said body may comprise means of deformation or programmed rupture, such as, for example, localized decreases in thickness or a local decrease in the section. 11. In a variant, the body 11 may travel in an "Ω" shape on a segment located in the middle but positioned in a plane substantially parallel to the floor 2 of the vehicle when said body 11 is fixed on the floor.
En variante, la traverse 1 peut être positionnée sur le plancher 2 du côté habitacle du véhicule. La fig. 4 montre un plancher 2 de véhicule équipé d'une traverse 1, dont le corps 11 comporte l'extension 17. Cette extension 17 s'étend de préférence vers l'arrière du véhicule lorsque la traverse 1 est fixée sur le véhicule. Dans le cas d'un véhicule comportant une planche à talon relié au plancher 2, ladite planche à talon s'étant une paroi sensiblement verticale à l'intérieur du véhicule et placé sous une assise de siège arrière du véhicule, l'extension 17 s'étend de préférence jusqu'à la zone du plancher 2 reliée à ladite planche à talon. En cas de choc avant, les fixations arrière des sièges avant génèrent des efforts de traction sur le plancher 2 du véhicule, efforts de traction dirigés vers l'habitacle du véhicule et cherchant à soulever le plancher 2. Ces efforts de traction s'appliquant sur le plancher 2 sont repris par la traverse 1. L'extension 17 permet de transmettre ces efforts issus des sièges vers la planche à talon et d'augmenter ainsi la résistance du plancher 2 vis-à-vis de ces efforts de traction. Alternatively, the cross member 1 can be positioned on the floor 2 of the passenger side of the vehicle. Fig. 4 shows a floor 2 of vehicle equipped with a cross member 1, the body 11 has the extension 17. This extension 17 preferably extends towards the rear of the vehicle when the crossbar 1 is fixed on the vehicle. In the case of a vehicle having a heel board connected to the floor 2, said heel board having a substantially vertical wall inside the vehicle and placed under a seat of the rear seat of the vehicle, the extension 17 s preferably extends to the floor area 2 connected to said heel board. In the event of a front impact, the rear fasteners of the front seats generate traction forces on the floor 2 of the vehicle, traction forces directed towards the passenger compartment of the vehicle and seeking to lift the floor 2. These traction forces applying to the floor 2 are taken up by the cross 1. The extension 17 allows to transmit these forces from the seats to the heel board and thus increase the resistance of the floor 2 vis-à-vis these traction forces.
Comme montré sur la fig. 4, la traverse 1 est positionnée de préférence de manière à être sensiblement en vis-à-vis avec des pieds milieu de la structure du véhicule de manière à récupérer les efforts en cas de choc latéral. D'autres positions suivant l'axe longitudinal du véhicule lorsque le plancher est installé sur un véhicule peuvent être envisagées. As shown in FIG. 4, the crossbar 1 is preferably positioned so as to be substantially vis-à-vis with the central feet of the vehicle structure so as to recover the forces in the event of a side impact. Other positions along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle when the floor is installed on a vehicle can be considered.
De préférence, la largeur de l'extension 17, c'est-à-dire sa dimension suivant l'axe transversal du véhicule lorsque la traverse 1 est installé sur le véhicule 2, est supérieure à la longueur de la zone centrale 13 en forme de « Ω », c'est-à-dire la dimension de ladite zone centrale 13 suivant la direction principale de la traverse, sensiblement parallèle à l'axe transversal du véhicule lorsque la traverse 11 est installée sur véhicule. Preferably, the width of the extension 17, that is to say its dimension along the transverse axis of the vehicle when the crossbar 1 is installed on the vehicle 2, is greater than the length of the central zone 13 shaped of "Ω", that is to say the size of said central zone 13 along the main direction of the cross member, substantially parallel to the transverse axis of the vehicle when the cross member 11 is installed on the vehicle.
L'extension 17 permet aussi d'augmenter la dimension de la section de la traverse 1 au niveau de la zone centrale 13. La capacité de la zone centrale 13 a résisté aux efforts en cas de choc latéral est ainsi améliorée. The extension 17 also makes it possible to increase the cross-sectional area of the cross-member 1 at the level of the central zone 13. The capacity of the central zone 13 has withstood the forces in the event of a side-impact is thus improved.
En variante, la traverse peut comporter plusieurs extensions 17. Par exemple, la traverse 1 peut comporter deux extensions 17 positionnées de part et d'autre du milieu de la partie principale de la traverse 1 et donnant à ladite traverse 1 une forme en « TT ». Le corps 11 peut comporter des nervures de renfort dans le volume défini par sa section en « U » de manière à augmenter la rigidité dudit corps 11. As a variant, the crossmember may comprise several extensions 17. For example, the crossmember 1 may comprise two extensions 17 positioned on either side of the middle of the main part of the crossmember 1 and giving said crossmember 1 a "TT" shape. ". The body 11 may comprise reinforcing ribs in the volume defined by its section "U" so as to increase the rigidity of said body 11.
Lors de la fabrication du véhicule, le corps 11 de la traverse 1 est fixé sur le plancher 2. Puis le plancher 2 est fixé aux longerons latéraux 31 de la structure du véhicule. Enfin, chaque embout 12 est positionné entre l'une des extrémités du corps 11 et l'un des longerons 31, fixé au corps 11 et au longeron 31, et éventuellement fixé aussi au plancher 2. During the manufacture of the vehicle, the body 11 of the cross member 1 is fixed on the floor 2. Then the floor 2 is fixed to the side rails 31 of the vehicle structure. Finally, each endpiece 12 is positioned between one of the ends of the body 11 and one of the longitudinal members 31, fixed to the body 11 and the spar 31, and possibly also fixed to the floor 2.
En variante, le plancher 2 peut être d'abord fixé aux longerons 31, puis le corps de la traverse est fixé au plancher 2. Enfin, chaque embout 12 est positionné entre l'une des extrémités du corps 11 et l'un des longerons 31, fixé au corps 11 et au longeron 31, et éventuellement aussi au plancher 2.  Alternatively, the floor 2 can be first fixed to the longitudinal members 31, then the body of the cross member is fixed to the floor 2. Finally, each end piece 12 is positioned between one of the ends of the body 11 and one of the longitudinal members 31, fixed to the body 11 and the spar 31, and possibly also to the floor 2.
En autre variante, le plancher 2 est fixé aux longerons 31, puis les embouts 12 sont fixés sur le corps 11, et enfin la traverse 1 est fixée au plancher 2 et aux longerons 31, les embouts 12 faisant la liaison entre le corps 11 et les longerons 31.  In another variant, the floor 2 is fixed to the longitudinal members 31, then the end pieces 12 are fixed on the body 11, and finally the crossmember 1 is fixed to the floor 2 and to the longitudinal members 31, the ends 12 making the connection between the body 11 and the longitudinal members 31.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1/ Traverse (1) destinée à être installée sur la surface d'un plancher (2) de véhicule, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte une partie principale s'étendant suivant une première direction principale et destinée à s'étendre entre des éléments de la structure latérale dudit véhicule, et au moins une extension (17) s'étendant dans une deuxième direction d'extension différente de la direction principale. 1 / Traverse (1) intended to be installed on the surface of a floor (2) of a vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a main part extending in a first main direction and intended to extend between elements of the lateral structure of said vehicle, and at least one extension (17) extending in a second direction of extension different from the main direction.
2/ Traverse (1) suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce l'extension (17) s'étend perpendiculairement à la direction principale de ladite traverse (1) depuis le milieu de ladite partie principale, le milieu de ladite partie principale étant le milieu de la longueur de la partie principale suivant la direction principale. 2 / Traverse (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the extension (17) extends perpendicularly to the main direction of said crossbar (1) from the middle of said main part, the middle of said main part being the middle of the length of the main part in the main direction.
3/ Traverse (1) suivant l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce qu'un segment du milieu de la partie principale suit une forme courbe (13) en « Ω » s'étendant dans un plan différent du plan défini par la direction principale et la direction d'extension, agencé pour suivre la forme du plancher (2) du véhicule lorsque ledit plancher (2) comporte un tunnel suivant l'axe médian longitudinal du véhicule. 3 / Traverse (1) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that a segment of the middle of the main part follows a curved shape (13) in "Ω" extending in a plane different from the plane defined by the main direction and the direction of extension, arranged to follow the shape of the floor (2) of the vehicle when said floor (2) comprises a tunnel along the longitudinal median axis of the vehicle.
4/ Traverse (1) suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte au moins un corps (11) en matériau composite. 4 / Traverse (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one body (11) of composite material.
5/ Traverse (1) suivant la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que le corps (11) forme au moins une partie de la partie principale et l'extension (17), et des embouts (12) déformables sont fixés aux extrémités dudit corps (11), lesdits embouts (12) étant destinés à relier lesdites extrémités du corps (11) aux éléments de la structure latérale du véhicule, en particulier aux longerons (31). 6/ Plancher (2) de véhicule comportant une traverse (1) suivant l'une des  5 / Traverse (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the body (11) forms at least a portion of the main portion and the extension (17), and deformable tips (12) are fixed to the ends of said body (11), said ends (12) being intended to connect said ends of the body (11) to the elements of the lateral structure of the vehicle, in particular to the longitudinal members (31). 6 / Floor (2) of vehicle comprising a crossbar (1) according to one of
revendications précédentes. preceding claims.
7/ Plancher (2) suivant la revendication précédente caractérisé en ce que ledit plancher (2) est en matériau composite. 8/ Véhicule comportant un plancher (2) suivant l'une des revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que la traverse (1) est disposée sur la face du plancher (2) située côté extérieur du véhicule (3). 7 / Floor (2) according to the preceding claim characterized in that said floor (2) is made of composite material. 8 / vehicle comprising a floor (2) according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the crossbar (1) is disposed on the face of the floor (2) located on the outside of the vehicle (3).
9/ Véhicule (3) comportant un plancher (2) suivant l'une des revendications de 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le véhicule (3) comporte une planche à talon relié au plancher (2) et l'extension (17) s'étend jusqu'à la liaison du plancher (2) avec ladite planche à talon. 9 / Vehicle (3) comprising a floor (2) according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the vehicle (3) comprises a heel board connected to the floor (2) and the extension (17) extends to the connection of the floor (2) with said heel board.
10/ Procédé de fabrication d'un véhicule (3) comportant un plancher (2) équipé d'une traverse (1) suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins les étapes : 10 / A method of manufacturing a vehicle (3) comprising a floor (2) equipped with a cross member (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises at least the steps:
- fixation du corps (11) sur plancher (2)  - fixing the body (11) on the floor (2)
- fixation du plancher (2) entre les structures latérales du véhicule, en particulier entre les longerons (31)  - fixing the floor (2) between the lateral structures of the vehicle, in particular between the longitudinal members (31)
- fixation d'un embout (12) à chaque extrémité du corps (11) de la partie principale de la traverse (1) et à au moins un élément de la structure latérale du véhicule, de chaque côté du véhicule.  - Fixing a tip (12) at each end of the body (11) of the main part of the crossbar (1) and at least one element of the lateral structure of the vehicle on each side of the vehicle.
PCT/FR2015/051639 2014-07-04 2015-06-19 Improved reinforcing transverse cross-member for lateral and frontal impacts WO2016001509A1 (en)

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FR1456497A FR3023251B1 (en) 2014-07-04 2014-07-04 IMPROVED CROSSROAD STRAP FOR SIDE SHOCK AND FRONT SHOCK
FR1456497 2014-07-04

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