WO2015197032A1 - 一种兼具快速充电和usb充电的充电方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种兼具快速充电和usb充电的充电方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015197032A1
WO2015197032A1 PCT/CN2015/082662 CN2015082662W WO2015197032A1 WO 2015197032 A1 WO2015197032 A1 WO 2015197032A1 CN 2015082662 W CN2015082662 W CN 2015082662W WO 2015197032 A1 WO2015197032 A1 WO 2015197032A1
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Prior art keywords
charging
external power
circuit
power source
portable device
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PCT/CN2015/082662
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘向候
于亚男
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青岛歌尔声学科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2015197032A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015197032A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of charging technology, and in particular to a charging method and apparatus that combines fast charging and USB charging.
  • Portable devices are popular among consumers because of their small size and portability. With the popularity of portable devices such as portable devices, their functions are constantly improving. The more functions users use, the more power they consume. Fast, the shorter the usage time. Users often encounter problems with low battery power during use, so more and more people need to conveniently charge portable devices anytime, anywhere.
  • the conventional charging method is slow and the charging method is limited to the conventional 5V. /1.5A charging limit, can not meet the needs of users.
  • Quick Charge is an emerging charging method for portable devices such as mobile phones and tablets. It can not only break the conventional 5V/1.5A charging limit, but also greatly increase the charging speed, which is very suitable for over 2000mAh. Lithium battery is charged. However, fast charging is a closed standard. There is currently no separate charging management circuit available in the charging device, and there is no charging management circuit that combines both fast charging and existing USB charging in the charging device.
  • the present invention provides a charging device and a charging method that combine fast charging and USB charging, and can intelligently manage the charging state, and simultaneously has a fast charging management specification and an existing USB charging management specification, and realizes an external power supply.
  • Portable devices, external power supplies charge the built-in battery, and the built-in battery charges the portable device in three charging modes.
  • the present invention provides a charging method that combines fast charging and USB charging, and includes the following steps:
  • the charging device When the charging device is connected to the external power source and the portable device is detected to be accessed, the charging device identifies the external power source category and performs fast charging or USB charging on the portable device according to the recognition result;
  • the charging device When the charging device is connected to the external power source and the portable device is not detected, the charging device identifies the external power source category and performs fast charging or USB charging on the built-in battery in the charging device according to the recognition result;
  • the built-in battery of the charging device performs USB charging on the portable device.
  • the invention also provides a charging device with fast charging and USB charging, comprising a main board, a casing and a charging circuit, the charging circuit comprising:
  • the charging detection circuit U1 is capable of connecting the external power source 100 and the portable device 300 for detecting the presence of the external power source and the portable device, and feeding back the detection result;
  • the charging management circuit U2 is connected to the charging detecting circuit U1 and the built-in battery, and according to the detection result of the charging detecting circuit U1, determines whether the external power source performs fast charging or USB charging on the portable device, or the external power source quickly charges the built-in battery or USB charging, or built-in battery for USB charging of external portable devices;
  • the selection control circuit U3 is respectively connected to the charging detection circuit U1, the external power supply 100, the charging management circuit U2, and the portable device 300, and selects an external power supply according to the detection result of the charging detection circuit U1.
  • the portable device performs fast charging or USB charging on the portable device, or connects the external power source 100 and the charging management circuit U2 to perform fast charging or USB charging of the built-in battery;
  • the power supply circuit U4 is connected to the charge detection circuit U1, the charge management circuit U2, and the selection control circuit U3 for maintaining the normal operation state of the charging device.
  • the charging method and device with fast charging and USB charging of the invention can intelligently manage the charging state and identify the external power source type (Quick Charge Adapter, Dedicated Charging Port, USB Standard Downstream Port, etc.) ) realized as an external power supply to the portable device, the external power supply charges the built-in battery, and the built-in battery is portable Three charging modes of the device; whether the portable device is connected or the external power supply exists as the two-way trigger signal, the charging priority level is managed, which meets the actual use requirements; the single-channel two-way multiplexing switch, the external power supply and the portable device or the charging are adopted.
  • the external power source type Quick Charge Adapter, Dedicated Charging Port, USB Standard Downstream Port, etc.
  • the management circuit is connected to manage the charging voltage and current according to the fast charging charging specification or the USB charging specification respectively; in addition, the invention can automatically identify the status type indicating that the charging management circuit manages the charging path, and does not need an external FET as the charging path, and the external power supply Or the built-in battery is charged to the PMID pin of the charge management circuit when charging the portable device, and has over current and over voltage protection functions.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application of a charging device with an external power source and a portable device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a selection control circuit of a charging device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a power supply circuit of a charging device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a charging management circuit of a charging device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a charging detection circuit of a charging device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a circuit diagram of a current detecting circuit of a charging device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of a charging indicating circuit of a charging device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • U1 charging detection circuit, U2, charging management circuit, U3, selection control circuit, U4, power supply circuit, U5, current detecting circuit, 100, external power supply, 101, fast charging adapter, 102, PC USB, 200 , charging device, 201, built-in battery, 300, portable device, 301, portable Battery for the device.
  • the invention has the charging method of fast charging and USB charging, as shown in FIG. 1:
  • the charging device when the charging device is connected to the external power source and the portable device is detected to be accessed, the charging device identifies the external power source category and performs fast charging or USB charging on the portable device according to the recognition result;
  • the charging device determines that the external power source completes charging the portable device, And according to the recognition result, the built-in battery of the charging device is quickly charged or USB charged;
  • the charging device identifies the external power source category and performs fast charging or USB charging on the built-in battery in the charging device according to the recognition result;
  • the built-in battery of the charging device performs USB charging on the portable device.
  • connection between the external power source 100 and the portable device 300 includes:
  • the charging detection circuit U1 is capable of connecting the external power source 100 and the portable device 300 for detecting whether the external power source 100 and the portable device 300 are present;
  • the charging management circuit U2 is connected to the charging detecting circuit U1 and the built-in battery 201, and determines, according to the detection result of the charging detecting circuit U1, the external power source 100 to perform quick charging or USB charging on the portable device 300 (USB Battery) Charging), or external power supply 100 pairs of the built-in battery 201 for quick charging or USB charging (USB Battery Charging), or the built-in battery 201 for USB charging of the external portable device 300 (USB Battery Charging);
  • the selection control circuit U3 is respectively connected to the charging detection circuit U1, the external power supply 100, the charging management circuit U2, and the portable device 300, and selects an external power supply according to the detection result of the charging detection circuit U1.
  • the portable device performs fast charging or USB charging on the portable device, or connects the external power source to the charging management circuit U2 and performs fast charging or USB charging on the built-in battery;
  • the power supply circuit U4 is connected to the charge detection circuit U1, the charge management circuit U2, and the selection control circuit U3 for maintaining the normal operation state of the charging device 200.
  • a current detecting circuit U5 is connected between the charging management circuit U2 and the portable device 300 for monitoring the current between the charging device 200 and the external portable device 300.
  • the current detecting circuit U5 is connected to the power supply circuit U4.
  • the charging device 200 determines that the charging of the external portable device 300 by the external power source 100 is completed, and feeds the above result to the selection control circuit U3, thereby turning on the external power source and the charging management circuit U2, and realizing the external power source 100 to the charging device 200.
  • the selection control circuit U3 is connected to an external power supply through a PC USB or a Quick Charge Adapter, and is connected to D+_1/D-_1 or D+ through a single way to two multiplex switches, namely D+/D-. _2/D-_2, the external power source 100 and the external portable device 300 can be turned on to enable the external power source 100 to perform quick charge or USB charge (USB Battery Charging) on the portable device, or to switch on the external power source 100 and charge management.
  • the circuit U2 enables the external power source 100 to perform Quick Charge or USB Battery Charging on the built-in battery; wherein, when the external power source is a Quick Charge Adapter or a Dedicated Charging Port, etc.
  • the external power source 100 When the DC is charged, the external power source 100 is built into the battery 301 of the portable device 300 or the built-in charging device 200 according to Quick Charge.
  • the battery 201 is charged; when the external power source is a USB charging power source such as a USB standard downlink port (Standard Downstream Port), the external power source 100 is built into the battery 301 of the portable device 300 or the built-in charging device 200 according to the USB Battery Charging specification.
  • the battery 201 is charged.
  • the built-in battery is a lithium ion battery, which can not only realize repeated charging and storage, but also has a long service life and low cost;
  • the charging device is further provided with a charging indicating circuit, and the charging indicating circuit is connected to the charging management circuit U2 for displaying a charging mode and a charging progress.
  • the charging indicating circuit uses a red diode, a green diode, and a blue light
  • the charging instruction is performed. When the LED emits light, it indicates that the charging is completed. When the green LED emits light, it indicates that charging is in progress. When the blue LED emits light, it indicates that the charging device quickly charges the portable device, and the charging mode and charging can be clearly displayed. The progress is convenient for the user to understand the charging situation while charging the portable device and to make further operations in time;
  • the voltage VDD provided by the power supply circuit U4 is between 3.3V and 4.7V, which can maintain the normal operation of the charging device without causing excessive damage to each chip of the charging device;
  • the charging management circuit U2 includes a charging management chip, and the PMID pin of the chip is connected to the portable device, and the maximum passing current and the adjustable voltage of the PMID pin are set according to actual conditions, and the portable device can be effectively charged during the charging process. Overcurrent and overvoltage protection during the process.
  • the charging device 200 of the present invention having both fast charging and USB charging is detected by the charging detecting circuit U1 by detecting whether the portable device 300 is connected. Whether the power supply 100 is present or not, and determining whether the charging device 200 is connected to the external power source 100 through a Quick charge adapter or a PC USB; the charging management circuit U2 is capable of managing the charging operation of the charging device 200, and the selection control circuit U3 is responsible for controlling the D+/D- turn Connect to D+_1/D-_1 to connect external power supply 100 and charge management circuit U2 or transfer D+/D- to D+_2/D-_2 to connect external power supply 100 and external portable device 300 to control
  • the external power supply 100 transmits the energy to the external portable device 300 or the external power supply 100 to the internal battery 201.
  • the power supply circuit U4 supplies the VDD voltage to each device of the charging device 200 to maintain the normal operation of the system, and the current detecting circuit U5 can detect the charging management in real time.
  • the magnitude of the current between the circuit U2 and the external portable device 300 determines that the external power source 100 charges the battery 301 of the portable device 300, thereby providing signal feedback.
  • the external power supply 100 is controlled to perform Quick Charge or USB Battery Charging on the built-in battery 201 of the charging device.
  • the invention has the charging device of fast charging and USB charging, and the specific working principle thereof is:
  • the charging management circuit U2 controls the selection control circuit U3 to D+/D. - Connected to D+_2/D-_2, the external power source 100 is connected to the portable device 300, and the portable device 300 is quickly charged or USB-charged according to the type of the external power source 100. .
  • the selection control circuit U3 turns the D+/D- Connected to D+_1/D-_1; the external power supply is connected to the charging management circuit U2; the charging management circuit U2 performs quick charging or USB charging on the built-in battery 201 of the charging device 200 according to the type adaptability of the external power source 100. (USB Battery Charging).
  • the charging detection circuit U1 detects that the portable device 300 is connected, but the external power source 100 does not exist, the charging detection circuit U1 transmits the detection result to the charging management circuit U2, and the charging management circuit U2 controls the built-in battery of the charging device 200 according to the detection result. 201 performs Quick Charge or USB Battery Charging for the portable device 300.
  • the control circuit U3 is selected according to the detection result to transfer D+/D- to D+_1/D-_1, and the external power source 100 and The charge management circuit U2 is connected; the charge management circuit U2 performs Quick Charge or USB Battery Charging for the built-in battery 201 of the charging device 200 according to the type of the external power supply 100.
  • the circuit diagram of the selection control circuit U3 of the charging device with fast charging and USB charging includes:
  • the selection control chip model is TS3USB221A-Q1
  • the VCC pin is connected to the VDD_3.3V system voltage, and is connected to the capacitor C110 and grounded.
  • the capacitor C110 is used for filtering and stably selecting the operating voltage of the control chip.
  • the D+ pin and the D- pin are respectively connected to the two poles of the external power supply.
  • the D+_2 pin and the D-_2 pin of the selection control chip are respectively connected to the battery poles of the portable device, and the D+_1 pin and the D-_1 pin are respectively connected to the charging management circuit U2, and the GND pin of the control chip is selected.
  • the grounding is selected to control the communication between the external power source 100 and the portable device 300 and the conduction between the external power source 100 and the charging management circuit U2.
  • FIG. 4 shows a specific implementation of the power supply circuit U4 of the charging device with fast charging and USB charging according to the present invention, including:
  • a power supply chip for providing power support of the charging device the power supply chip model RT9169/H.
  • the GND pin of the power supply chip is grounded, the VIN pin and the /EN pin are connected to the charge management circuit U2, the VIN pin and the charge management circuit U2 are connected to the capacitor C550 and grounded, and the VOUT pin is connected to the VDD_3.3V voltage.
  • the VOUT pin is connected to the capacitor C551 and grounded.
  • the capacitor C550 and the capacitor C551 are ceramic capacitors, which are used for filtering and voltage regulation to ensure the normal operation of the charging device.
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the charging management circuit U2 of the charging device with fast charging and USB charging according to the embodiment, including:
  • a charging management chip, the model of the charging management chip is bq24195.
  • the D+ pin and the D- pin of the charge management chip respectively correspond to the D+_1 pin and the D-_1 pin of the selection control chip, so that the external power supply 100 can be turned on by selecting the control chip.
  • the two VBUS pins of the charging management chip are connected to the resistor R101 and then connected to the external power supply 100.
  • a parallel capacitor C119 is connected between the two VBUS pins and the resistor R101. After the capacitor C121 is grounded, the maximum current of the resistor R101 is 2.5A, which can protect the charging device from overcurrent; the resistors R118 are connected in series between the two VBUS pins and the resistor R101.
  • a resistor R119, a detection node Detect2-1 is disposed between the resistor R118 and the resistor R119; two BAT pins of the charge management chip are connected to a built-in battery of the charging device, and the two BATs are installed to ensure normal charging.
  • a capacitor C110 and a capacitor C111 are connected in parallel between the pin and the built-in battery, and the ground is connected to the ground.
  • the two PGND pins of the charge management chip pass through three capacitors in parallel: capacitor C107, capacitor C108 and capacitor C109.
  • a charging device system the two SW pins of the charging management chip are connected to the inductor L101 and pass through The capacitor C107, the capacitor C108 and the capacitor C109 are grounded and connected to the charging device system.
  • the model of the inductor L101 is CLF6045T-2R2N, which can protect the charging management chip; the BTST pin of the charging management chip passes through the series resistor R117 and The capacitor C195 is connected to the input end of the inductor L101; the PMID pin of the charge management chip is connected to the Rshunt resistor and connected to the portable device, and the input and output terminals of the resistor Rshunt are respectively connected with a filter capacitor and grounded for filtering to ensure the Rshunt resistor.
  • the normal operation state, the resistor Rshunt and the external portable device are also grounded through the parallel capacitors C115, C116 and capacitor C117, and the PMID pin of the charge management chip is also grounded through the capacitor C113 and the capacitor C114 respectively;
  • the ILIM pin of the charge management chip is connected to the resistor R107, and is connected in series with the resistor R115 and the resistor R124 in series.
  • the REGN pin of the charge management chip is connected to the REGN pin of the charge management chip, and the REGN pin is connected. Grounded through the capacitor C118, the TS2 pin of the charge management chip passes through the resistor R108, the thermistor TH101 and the capacitor C112 connected in parallel. After the ILIM pin is grounded, the thermistor TH101 is of the type 103AT-3 to avoid damage to the charging device caused by heat during charging.
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the charging detection circuit U1 of the charging device with fast charging and USB charging according to the embodiment, including:
  • the charge detection chip is STM8S903F3, and the NRST pin of the charge detection chip is connected to the touch switch SW408 and the resistor R112 to connect the charging device system voltage, and the VCAP pin of the charge detection chip is connected to the capacitor C124.
  • the VDD pin of the charging detection chip is connected to the system voltage VDD and grounded through the capacitor C122 and the capacitor C123 connected in parallel, and the VSS pin of the charging detection chip is grounded and connected to the ground end of the capacitor C122 and the capacitor C123;
  • the PA3 pin of the detecting chip is connected to the Charger INT pin of the charging management chip;
  • the PB5 pin of the charging detecting chip is connected to the SDA pin of the charging management chip, and the system voltage VDD and the VDD of the charging detecting chip are connected through the resistor R126.
  • the PB4 pin of the charge detecting chip is connected to the SCL pin of the charge management chip, and the system voltage VDD and the VDD pin of the charge detecting chip are connected through a resistor R125; the PC3 pin connection of the charge detecting chip a /CE pin of the charge management chip; a PC4 pin of the charge detection chip is connected to an S pin of the selection control chip; PC5 said charge detection chip pin connections the charge management chip STAT pin; said charge detecting chip
  • the PD3 pin is connected to the Detect2-1 node of the charging management circuit U2 for detecting whether the detecting node Detect2-1 between the resistor R118 and the resistor R119 has an input voltage, that is, whether an external power source exists; the charging detecting chip
  • the PD4 pin is connected in series with the touch switch SW407 and the resistor R111 to connect the system voltage VDD; the PD5 pin of the charge detecting chip can be connected to the portable device 300 to detect whether the portable device is connected; the PD6 of the charging detection chip The
  • FIG. 7 shows a specific implementation of the current detecting circuit U5 of the charging device with fast charging and USB charging according to the present invention, including:
  • the current detecting chip is of the type IN212, and the V+ pin is connected to the system voltage VDD; the GND pin of the current detecting chip is grounded; the REF pin of the current detecting chip is connected to the resistor R113 and then connected to the resistor Rshunt The input terminal is grounded by connecting a resistor R114; the IN+ and IN- pins of the current detecting chip are respectively connected to an input terminal and an output terminal of the resistor Rshunt; and the OUT pin of the current detecting chip outputs a current magnitude of Rshunt.
  • the charging management circuit U2 of the charging device with fast charging and USB charging of the present invention is further connected with a charging indicating circuit, and the PD1 pin of the charging management chip is connected in series with the control terminal of the FET Q301, Q301.
  • One end of the switch path is grounded, the other end is connected to the red diode D301 and then connected to the system voltage VDD through the resistor R313; the PD7 pin of the charge management chip is connected to the control terminal of the field effect transistor Q302, and the switch path of the field effect transistor Q302 is grounded.
  • the other end is connected to the green LED D302 and connected to the system voltage VDD through the resistor R314; the PD6 pin of the charging management chip is connected to the control terminal of the FET Q303, one end of the switching path of the FET Q303 is grounded, and the other end is connected.
  • the blue LED is connected to the system voltage VDD through a resistor R315.
  • the field effect transistor Q301, the field effect transistor Q302, and the field effect transistor Q303 are NMOS transistors, and the model number is SSM3K121TU.
  • Each switching path is a source-to-drain path, and the gate is At the control end, the sources of Q301, Q302, and Q303 are grounded and connected to each other.
  • the charging detection circuit U1 detects that the portable device is connected and detects that the voltage at the Detect2-1 node between the resistor R118 and the resistor R119 is high
  • the Vbus voltage of the charging management chip in the charging management circuit is High (ie, The external power supply exists.
  • the control circuit U3 is selected to transfer the D+/D- pin to the D+_2/D-_2 pin, and the external power supply is connected with the portable device, and the external power supply is externally connected.
  • the department's portable device performs Quick Charge or USB Battery Charging;
  • the current detecting circuit U5 detects that the current between the charging device and the portable device is small, and is less than a certain set value, and selects the control circuit U3 to select D+/D according to the detection result.
  • the pin is transferred to the D+_1/D-_1 pin; the external power supply is connected to the charging management circuit U2; the charging management circuit U2 controls the internal FET Q302, and the FET Q303 is alternately turned on to implement the step-down, which is a charging device.
  • the charging detection circuit U1 detects that the portable device is not connected, and detects that the voltage at the Detect2-1 node between the resistor R118 and the resistor R119 is high, when the Vbus voltage is High (that is, the external power source exists), according to the detection result,
  • the control circuit U3 transfers the selection control chip D+/D- pin to the D+_1/D-_1 pin, and the external power supply is connected to the charging management circuit U2; the charging management circuit U2 controls the external power supply to be the built-in lithium battery of the charging device. USB charging.
  • the charging detection circuit U1 detects that the portable device is connected, and detects that the voltage at the Detect2-1 node between the resistor R118 and the resistor R119 is low, when the Vbus voltage is Low (ie, the external power source does not exist), the charging management circuit U2
  • the built-in battery that controls the charging device performs USB charging for the portable device.
  • the invention has a charging method and a device for fast charging and USB charging, which can intelligently manage the charging state and identify the external power source type (Quick Charge adapter, or Dedicated Charging Port).
  • the Standard Downstream Port, etc. is implemented as an external power supply to the portable device, the external power source is charged to the internal battery of the charging device, and the built-in battery of the charging device charges the portable device in three working modes; whether the portable device is connected Whether the power supply exists as a two-way trigger signal, manages the charging priority level, and meets the actual use requirements; uses a single-way two-way multiplexing switch to control the external power supply to be connected to the portable device or the external power supply to communicate with the charging management circuit U2, thereby
  • the charging voltage and current are respectively managed and selected for quick charging or USB charging (USB Battery Charging); the invention can automatically identify whether the external power source exists and manage the charging path through the charging management circuit U2, and does not need an external field effect transistor MOSFET As a charging path; in addition, the external power supply or

Abstract

一种兼具快速充电和USB充电的充电方法及装置。当充电装置（200）连接外接电源（100）且检测到便携式设备（300）接入时，充电装置识别电源类别从而对便携式设备进行快速充电或USB充电，当侦测到充电装置与便携式设备之间的电流较小、即完成对便携式设备的充电时，外接电源对充电装置的内置电池（201）进行快速充电或USB充电；当充电装置连接外接电源且未检测到便携式设备接入时，控制外界电源对充电装置的内置电池进行快速充电或USB充电；当充电装置未连接外接电源且检测到便携式设备接入时，充电装置的内置电池为便携式设备进行USB充电。

Description

一种兼具快速充电和USB充电的充电方法及装置 技术领域
本发明涉及充电技术领域，具体来讲，涉及一种兼具快速充电和USB充电的充电方法及装置。
发明背景
便携式设备因其具有体积小、易携带的优点而备受消费者的喜爱，随着便携式设备等便携式设备应用的普及，其功能不断完善，用户使用的功能越多，便携式设备的耗电量越快，使用时间越短。用户在使用过程中，会经常遇到电池电量不足的问题，因此越来越多的人需要随时随地方便地对便携式设备进行充电，然而常规的充电方式速度慢，且充电方式局限于常规的5V/1.5A的充电限制，不能满足用户的需求。
快速充电(Quick Charge)是一种新兴的用于手机及平板电脑等便携式设备的充电方式，不仅可以突破常规的5V/1.5A的充电限制，还能够大幅度提高充电速度，非常适用于超过2000mAh的锂电池充电。但是快速充电作为一种封闭标准，市面上目前没有单独的充电管理电路可以用在充电装置中，更没有同时兼具快速充电和既有的USB充电的充电管理电路用在充电装置中。
因此，需要一种兼具快速充电充电和既有的USB充电的充电方法及装置，来避免上述缺陷及不足。
发明内容
针对上述不足，本发明提供一种兼具快速充电和USB充电的充电装置和充电方法，能够智能管理充电状态，同时兼具快速充电管理规范和既有的USB充电管理规范，实现为外接电源向便携式设备、外接电源向内置电池充电、内置电池向便携式设备充电三种充电模式。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供一种兼具快速充电和USB充电的充电方法，包括如下步骤：
当充电装置连接外接电源且检测到便携式设备接入时，所述充电装置识别外接电源类别并根据识别结果对便携式设备进行快速充电或USB充电；
当充电装置连接外接电源且未检测到便携式设备接入时，所述充电装置识别外接电源类别并根据识别结果对所述充电装置内的内置电池进行快速充电或USB充电；
当充电装置未连接外接电源且检测到便携式设备接入时，所述充电装置的内置电池对便携式设备进行USB充电。
本发明还提供了一种兼具快速充电和USB充电的充电装置，包括主板、外壳以及充电电路，所述充电电路包括：
内置电池，用于储蓄电量并对外部的便携式设备充电；
充电检测电路U1，能够连接外接电源100和便携式设备300，用于检测外接电源和便携式设备是否存在，并将检测结果反馈；
充电管理电路U2，连接所述充电检测电路U1以及内置电池，根据所述充电检测电路U1的检测结果，确定外接电源对便携式设备进行快速充电或USB充电，或者外接电源对内置电池进行快速充电或USB充电，或者内置电池对外部便携式设备进行USB充电；
选择控制电路U3，分别与所述充电检测电路U1、所述外接电源100、所述充电管理电路U2及所述便携式设备300相连接，根据充电检测电路U1的检测结果，选择接通外接电源与便携式设备并对便携式设备进行快速充电或USB充电，或者连通选择外接电源100与所述充电管理电路U2并对内置电池进行快速充电或USB充电；
供电电路U4，连接所述充电检测电路U1、充电管理电路U2、选择控制电路U3，用于维持充电装置的正常工作状态。
本发明的兼具快速充电和USB充电的充电方法及装置，能够智能管理充电状态，识别外接电源类型(快速充电适配器Quick Charge adapter，或专用充电端口Dedicated Charging Port、USB标准下行端口Standard Downstream Port等)实现为外接电源向便携式设备，外接电源向内置电池充电，内置电池向便携式 设备三种充电模式；以便携式设备是否接入、外接电源是否存在作为两路触发信号，管理充电优先级别，符合实际使用需求；采用单一路对两路复用开关，外接电源与便携式设备或充电管理电路连通，从而分别依照快速充电充电规范或USB充电规范管理充电电压和电流；此外，本发明能够自动识别状态种类指示充电管理电路管理充电路径，不需要外接场效应管作为充电路径，外接电源或者内置电池为便携式设备充电时均经过充电管理电路的PMID引脚，并且具备过电流、过电压保护功能。
本申请的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述，并且，部分地从说明书中变得显而易见，或者通过实施本申请而了解。本申请的目的和其他优点可通过在所写的说明书、权利要求书、以及附图中所特别指出的结构来实现和获得。
附图简要说明
附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本发明实施例一起用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中：
图1是本发明充电方法的示意流程图；
图2是本发明具体实施例的充电装置搭配外接电源和便携式设备应用示意图；
图3是本发明具体实施例的充电装置的选择控制电路图；
图4是本发明具体实施例的充电装置的供电电路电路图；
图5是本发明具体实施例的充电装置的充电管理电路电路图；
图6是本发明具体实施例的充电装置的充电检测电路电路图；
图7是本发明具体实施例的充电装置的电流检测电路电路图；
图8是本发明具体实施例的充电装置的充电指示电路电路图。
附图标记：U1、充电检测电路，U2、充电管理电路，U3、选择控制电路，U4、供电电路，U5、电流检测电路，100、外接电源，101、快速充电适配器，102、PC USB，200、充电装置，201、内置电池，300、便携式设备，301、便携 式设备的电池。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
本发明兼具快速充电和USB充电的充电方法流程，如图1所示：
a、当充电装置连接外接电源且检测到便携式设备接入时，所述充电装置识别外接电源类别并根据识别结果对便携式设备进行快速充电或USB充电；
d、当充电装置连接外接电源并检测到便携式设备接入，且侦测到充电装置与便携式设备之间的电流小于某一设定值时，所述充电装置判定外接电源完成对便携式设备充电，并根据识别结果对充电装置的内置电池进行快速充电或USB充电；
b、当充电装置连接外接电源且未检测到便携式设备接入时，所述充电装置识别外接电源类别并根据识别结果对所述充电装置内的内置电池进行快速充电或USB充电；
c、当充电装置未连接外接电源且检测到便携式设备接入时，所述充电装置的内置电池对便携式设备进行USB充电。
在如图2所示的本发明充电装置200搭配外接电源100和便携式设备300连接示意图中，包括：
内置电池201，用于储蓄电量并对便携式设备充电；
充电检测电路U1，能够连接外接电源100和便携式设备300，用于检测外接电源100和便携式设备300是否存在；
充电管理电路U2，连接所述充电检测电路U1以及内置电池201，并根据所述充电检测电路U1的检测结果，确定外接电源100对便携式设备300进行快速充电(Quick Charge)或USB充电(USB Battery Charging)，或者外接电源 100对内置电池201进行快速充电(Quick Charge)或USB充电(USB Battery Charging)，或者内置电池201对外部便携式设备300进行USB充电(USB Battery Charging)；
选择控制电路U3，分别与所述充电检测电路U1、所述外接电源100、所述充电管理电路U2及所述便携式设备300相连接，根据充电检测电路U1的检测结果，选择接通外接电源与便携式设备并对便携式设备进行快速充电或USB充电，或者连通选择外接电源与所述充电管理电路U2并对内置电池进行快速充电或USB充电；
供电电路U4，连接所述充电检测电路U1、充电管理电路U2、选择控制电路U3，用于维持所述充电装置200的正常工作状态。
所述充电管理电路U2与便携式设备300之间连接有电流检测电路U5，用以监测充电装置200与外部便携式设备300之间的电流大小。所述电流检测电路U5连接所述供电电路U4，当充电装置连接外接电源并检测到便携式设备接入，当充电装置200与外部便携式设备300之间的电流小于某一设定的特定值时，所述充电装置200即判定外接电源100对外部便携式设备300的充电完成，同时将上述结果反馈到选择控制电路U3，从而接通外接电源与充电管理电路U2，实现外接电源100对充电装置200的内置电池201进行快速充电(Quick Charge)或USB充电(USB Battery Charging)；
所述选择控制电路U3通过PC USB或者快速充电适配器(Quick charge adapter)连接外接电源，并通过单一路对两路复用开关即D+/D-分别连接D+_1/D-_1或者连接D+_2/D-_2，能够接通外接电源100与外部的便携式设备300使外接电源100对便携式设备进行快速充电(Quick Charge)或USB充电(USB Battery Charging)，或者接通外接电源100与充电管理电路U2，使外接电源100对内置电池进行快速充电(Quick Charge)或USB充电(USB Battery Charging)；其中，当外接电源为快速充电适配器(Quick charge adapter)或专用充电端口(Dedicated Charging Port)等DC充电电源时，外接电源100按照快速充电(Quick Charge)对便携式设备300的电池301或者对充电装置200的内置 电池201进行充电；当外接电源为USB标准下行端口(Standard Downstream Port)等USB充电电源时，外接电源100按照USB充电(USB Battery Charging)规范对便携式设备300的电池301或者对充电装置200的内置电池201进行充电。
所述内置电池为锂离子电池，不但能够实现反复多次充电蓄电，使用寿命较长，而且成本较低；
所述充电装置还设置有充电指示电路，所述充电指示电路连接所述充电管理电路U2，用以显示充电模式以及充电进度，所述充电指示电路采用红光二极管、绿光二极管以及蓝光二极光进行充电指示，当发光二极管发光时，表示充电完成，当绿光二极管发光时，表示充电进行中，当蓝光二极管发光时，表示充电装置对便携式设备进行快速充电，能够清晰地显示充电模式以及充电进度，便于使用者在对便携式设备充电时了解充电情况并及时做出进一步的操作；
所述供电电路U4提供的电压VDD在3.3V～4.7V之间，能够维持充电装置正常稳定工作且不会对充电装置的各个芯片造成过大损害；
所述充电管理电路U2包括充电管理芯片，该芯片的PMID引脚连接便携式设备，根据实际情况设定PMID引脚的最大通过电流及可调整电压，在充电过程中能够有效地对便携式设备在充电过程中进行过电流、过电压保护。
请参照图2，本发明兼具快速充电和USB充电的充电装置200，由充电检测电路U1通过侦测便携式设备300是否接入
Figure PCTCN2015082662-appb-000001
接电源100是否存在，并判断充电装置200是通过Quick charge adapter或者PC USB连接外接电源100；充电管理电路U2，能够管理充电装置200的充电工作，选择控制电路U3负责控制将D+/D-转接至D+_1/D-_1接通外接电源100与充电管理电路U2或者将D+/D-转接至D+_2/D-_2接通外接电源100与外部的便携式设备300，起到控制外接电源100向外部的便携式设备300或外接电源100向内置电池201传递能量的作用；供电电路U4为充电装置200的各器件提供VDD电压，维持系统正常工作，电流检测电路U5能够实时检测充电管理电路U2与外部的便携式设备300之间的电流大小，当两者之间的电流小于某一设定的特定值时，即判定外接电源100对便携式设备300的电池301充电完成，从而将信号反馈给充电管理电路U2， 控制外接电源100对充电装置的内置电池201进行快速充电(Quick Charge)或USB充电(USB Battery Charging)。
本发明兼具快速充电和USB充电的充电装置，其具体工作原理是：
当充电检测电路U1侦测到便携式设备300接入，且外接电源100存在，同时根据识别出外接电源100的类别是Quick charge adapter还是PC USB，充电管理电路U2控制选择控制电路U3将D+/D-接至D+_2/D-_2，由外接电源100与便携式设备300接通，根据外接电源100的类别适应性的对便携式设备300进行快速充电(Quick Charge)或USB充电(USB Battery Charging)。
当充电检测电路U1检测到便携式设备接入，且外接电源存在，但电流检测电路U5检测到充电装置到便携式设备的电流已经小于某一设定值时，选择控制电路U3将D+/D-转接至D+_1/D-_1；外接电源与充电管理电路U2连通；充电管理电路U2根据外接电源100的类别适应性的对充电装置200的内置电池201进行快速充电(Quick Charge)或USB充电(USB Battery Charging)。
当充电检测电路U1侦测到便携式设备300接入，但外接电源100不存在时，充电检测电路U1将检测结果传送到充电管理电路U2，充电管理电路U2根据检测结果控制充电装置200的内置电池201为便携式设备300进行快速充电(Quick Charge)或USB充电(USB Battery Charging)。
当充当电检测芯片U1侦测到便携式设备300未接入，且外接电源100存在时，根据检测结果选择控制电路U3将D+/D-转接至D+_1/D-_1，外接电源100与充电管理电路U2连通；充电管理电路U2根据外接电源100的类别适应性的为充电装置200的内置电池201进行快速充电(Quick Charge)或USB充电(USB Battery Charging)。
如图3所示，本实施例兼具快速充电和USB充电的充电装置的选择控制电路U3的电路图，包括：
选择控制芯片，所述选择控制芯片型号是TS3USB221A-Q1，其VCC引脚连接VDD_3.3V系统电压，连接电容C110后接地，所述电容C110，用于滤波并稳定选择控制芯片的工作电压，其D+引脚、D-引脚分别连接外接电源的两极， 所述选择控制芯片的D+_2引脚、D-_2引脚分别连接便携式设备的电池两极，D+_1引脚、D-_1引脚分别连接充电管理电路U2，选择控制芯片的GND引脚接地，选择控制芯片用以控制外接电源100与便携式设备300的连通以及外接电源100与充电管理电路U2之间的导通。
如图4所示为本发明兼具快速充电和USB充电的充电装置的供电电路U4的一种具体实施方案，包括：
供电芯片，用以提供充电装置电量支持，所述供电芯片型号RT9169/H。
所述供电芯片的GND引脚接地，其VIN引脚和/EN引脚连接充电管理电路U2，VIN引脚与充电管理电路U2之间连接电容C550后接地，其VOUT引脚连接VDD_3.3V电压，其VOUT引脚连接电容C551后接地。
所述电容C550及电容C551均为瓷片电容，用于滤波稳压，保证充电装置的正常工作。
如图5所示为本实施例兼具快速充电和USB充电的充电装置的充电管理电路U2的电路图，包括：
充电管理芯片，所述充电管理芯片的型号为bq24195。
所述充电管理芯片的D+引脚、D-引脚分别对应所述选择控制芯片的D+_1引脚、D-_1引脚，从而能够通过选择控制芯片接通外接电源100。
所述充电管理芯片的两个VBUS引脚共同连接电阻R101之后连接外接电源100，为了保证充电管理芯片的正常稳定工作，所述两个VBUS引脚与电阻R101之间还连接有并联的电容C119和电容C121后接地，所述电阻R101的最大通过电流为2.5A，能对充电装置进行很好的过电流保护；所述两个VBUS引脚与电阻R101之间还接有串联的电阻R118以及电阻R119，所述电阻R118与电阻R119之间设有检测节点Detect2-1；所述充电管理芯片的两个BAT引脚连接充电装置的内置电池，为了保证充电的正常进行，所述两个BAT引脚与内置电池之间还接有并联的电容C110及电容C111后接地；所述充电管理芯片的两个PGND引脚通过并联的三个电容：电容C107、电容C108及电容C109后接地及连接充电装置系统；所述充电管理芯片的两个SW引脚连接电感L101后通过并 联的电容C107、电容C108及电容C109后接地及连接充电装置系统，所述电感L101的型号为CLF6045T-2R2N，能够保护充电管理芯片；所述充电管理芯片的BTST引脚通过串联的电阻R117及电容C195后连接电感L101的输入端；所述充电管理芯片的PMID引脚连接电阻Rshunt后连接便携式设备，电阻Rshunt的输入端及输出端分别接有滤波电容后接地，用以滤波，保证Rshunt电阻的正常工作状态，所述电阻Rshunt与外部便携式设备之间还通过并联的电容C115、C116及电容C117后接地，所述充电管理芯片的PMID引脚还分别通过电容C113及电容C114接地；所述充电管理芯片的ILIM引脚连接电阻R107，串接并联的电阻R115及电阻R124后接地；所述充电管理芯片的REGN引脚与所述充电管理芯片的REGN引脚连接，所述REGN引脚与通过电容C118接地，所述充电管理芯片的TS2引脚通过并联的电阻R108、热敏电阻TH101及电容C112后共ILIM引脚接地，所述热敏电阻TH101的型号为103AT-3，避免因充电过程中发热引起的对充电装置的损伤。
如图6所示为本实施例兼具快速充电和USB充电的充电装置的充电检测电路U1的电路图，包括：
充电检测芯片，所述充电检测芯片型号为STM8S903F3，所述充电检测芯片的NRST引脚串接轻触开关SW408及电阻R112后连接充电装置系统电压，所述充电检测芯片的VCAP引脚连接电容C124后接地；所述充电检测芯片的VDD引脚连接系统电压VDD并通过并联的电容C122及电容C123后接地，充电检测芯片的VSS引脚接地并连接电容C122及电容C123的接地端；所述充电检测芯片的PA3引脚连接所述充电管理芯片的Charger INT引脚；所述充电检测芯片的PB5引脚连接充电管理芯片的SDA引脚，同时通过电阻R126连接系统电压VDD及充电检测芯片的VDD引脚；所述充电检测芯片的PB4引脚连接所述充电管理芯片的SCL引脚，同时通过电阻R125连接系统电压VDD及充电检测芯片的VDD引脚；所述充电检测芯片的PC3引脚连接所述充电管理芯片的/CE引脚；所述充电检测芯片的PC4引脚连接所述选择控制芯片的S引脚；所述充电检测芯片的PC5引脚连接所述充电管理芯片的STAT引脚；所述充电检测芯片 的PD3引脚连接所述充电管理电路U2的Detect2-1节点，用于检测电阻R118与电阻R119之间的检测节点Detect2-1是否有输入电压，即外接电源是否存在；所述充电检测芯片的PD4引脚串接轻触开关SW407及电阻R111后连接系统电压VDD；所述充电检测芯片的PD5引脚能够连接便携式设备300，用以检测便携式设备是否接入；所述充电检测芯片的PD6引脚连接所述选择控制芯片的/OE引脚。
如图7所示为本发明兼具快速充电和USB充电的充电装置的电流检测电路U5的一种具体实施方案，包括：
电流检测芯片，所述电流检测芯片的型号为IN212，其V+引脚连接系统电压VDD；所述电流检测芯片的GND引脚接地；所述电流检测芯片的REF引脚连接电阻R113后连接电阻Rshunt的输入端，通过连接电阻R114后接地；所述电流检测芯片的IN+、IN-引脚分别连接电阻Rshunt的输入端和输出端；所述电流检测芯片的OUT引脚输出Rshunt的电流大小。
如图8所示，本发明兼具快速充电和USB充电的充电装置的充电管理电路U2还连接有充电指示电路，所述充电管理芯片的PD1引脚串接场效应管Q301的控制端、Q301开关通路的一端接地，另一端连接红光二极管D301后通过电阻R313连接系统电压VDD；所述充电管理芯片的PD7引脚串接场效应管Q302的控制端、场效应管Q302的开关通路一端接地，另一端接绿光二极管D302后通过电阻R314连接系统电压VDD；所述充电管理芯片的PD6引脚串接场效应管Q303的控制端、场效应管Q303的开关通路的一端接地，另一端接蓝光二极管后通过电阻R315连接系统电压VDD，所述场效应管Q301、场效应管Q302、场效应管Q303为NMOS管，型号为SSM3K121TU，各开关通路均为源极至漏极的通路，栅极为控制端，Q301、Q302、Q303源极接地且相互连接。
具体地，当充电检测电路U1检测到便携式设备接入且检测到电阻R118与电阻R119之间Detect2-1节点处电压为高，则充电管理电路中的充电管理芯片的Vbus电压为High时(即外接电源存在)，根据检测结果选择控制电路U3将D+/D-引脚转接至D+_2/D-_2引脚，外接电源与便携式设备连通，外接电源对外 部的便携式设备进行快速充电(Quick Charge)或USB充电(USB Battery Charging)；
当便携式设备的电池充满电时，电流检测电路U5通过侦测到充电装置与便携式设备之间的电流已经很小，小于某一设定值时，根据侦测结果选择控制电路U3将D+/D-引脚转接至D+_1/D-_1引脚；外接电源与充电管理电路U2连通；充电管理电路U2控制内部的场效应管Q302，场效应管Q303交替开启实现降压，为充电装置的内置电池锂离子电池进行USB充电；
当充电检测电路U1侦测到便携式设备未接入，且检测到电阻R118与电阻R119之间Detect2-1节点处电压为高，则Vbus电压为High时(即外接电源存在)，根据检测结果选择控制电路U3将选择控制芯片D+/D-引脚转接至D+_1/D-_1引脚，外接电源与充电管理电路U2连通；充电管理电路U2控制外接电源为充电装置的内置锂电池进行USB充电。
当充电检测电路U1侦测到便携式设备接入，且检测到电阻R118与电阻R119之间Detect2-1节点处电压为低，则Vbus电压为Low时(即外接电源不存在)，充电管理电路U2控制充电装置的内置电池为便携式设备进行USB充电。
本发明兼具快速充电和USB充电的充电方法及装置，能够智能管理充电状态，识别外接电源类型(Quick Charge adapter，或Dedicated Charging Port
Figure PCTCN2015082662-appb-000002
Standard Downstream Port等)实现为外接电源向便携式设备，外接电源向充电装置的内置电池充电，充电装置的内置电池向便携式设备充电三种工作模式；以便携式设备是否接入
Figure PCTCN2015082662-appb-000003
接电源是否存在作为两路触发信号，管理充电优先级别，符合实际使用需求；采用单一路对两路复用开关，控制外接电源与携式设备接通或者外接电源与充电管理电路U2连通，从而分别管理充电电压和电流并选择进行快速充电(Quick Charge)或USB充电(USB Battery Charging)；本发明能够自动识别外接电源是否存在并通过充电管理电路U2管理充电路径，不需要外接场效应晶体管MOSFET作为充电路径；此外，外接电源或者内置电池为便携式设备充电时均经过充电管理电路U2的PMID引脚，并且具备过电流
Figure PCTCN2015082662-appb-000004
过电压保护功能。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非是对本发明的限制，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更或改型为等同变化的等效实施例。但是，凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何的简单修改、等同变化与改型，仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种兼具快速充电和USB充电的充电装置，包括主板、外壳以及充电电路，其特征在于：所述充电电路包括：
    内置电池，用于储蓄电量并对外部的便携式设备充电；
    充电检测电路(U1)，能够连接外接电源(100)和便携式设备(300)，用于检测外接电源和便携式设备是否存在，并将检测结果反馈；
    充电管理电路(U2)，连接所述充电检测电路(U1)以及内置电池(201)，根据所述充电检测电路(U1)的检测结果，确定外接电源(100)对便携式设备(300)进行快速充电或USB充电，或者外接电源(100)对内置电池(201)进行快速充电或USB充电，或者内置电池(201)对外部便携式设备(300)进行USB充电；
    选择控制电路(U3)，分别与所述充电检测电路(U1)、所述外接电源(100)、所述充电管理电路(U2)及所述便携式设备(300)相连接，根据充电检测电路(U1)的检测结果，选择接通外接电源(100)与便携式设备(300)并对便携式设备(300)进行快速充电或USB充电，或者连通选择外接电源(100)与所述充电管理电路(U2)并对内置电池(201)进行快速充电或USB充电；
    供电电路(U4)，分别连接所述充电检测电路(U1)、充电管理电路(U2)、选择控制电路(U3)，用于维持充电装置的正常工作状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的充电装置，其特征在于：所述充电管理电路(U2)与便携式设备(300)之间设置有电流检测电路(U5)，用以监测充电装置与外部便携式设备(300)之间的电流大小。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的充电装置，其特征在于：所述电流检测电路(U5)连接所述供电电路(U4)，当充电装置连接外接电源(100)并检测到便携式设备(300)接入，且侦测到充电装置与便携式设备之间的电流小于某一设定值时，所述充电装置判定外接电源(100)对便携式设备(300)完成充电，同时将上述结果反馈到选择控制电路(U3)，从而接通外接电源(100)与充电管理电路 (U2)，实现外接电源(100)对充电装置(200)的内置电池(201)进行快速充电或USB充电。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的充电装置，其特征在于：所述充电装置还设置有充电指示电路，所述充电指示电路连接所述充电管理电路(U2)，用以显示充电模式以及充电进度。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的充电装置，其特征在于：所述充电指示电路包括三个分别发出红光、绿光、蓝光的发光二极管。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的充电装置，其特征在于：所述充电管理电路(U2)包括充电管理芯片，该芯片的PMID引脚连接便携式设备，用以对便携式设备在充电过程中进行过电流和过电压保护。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的充电装置，其特征在于：所述供电电路(U4)提供的电压VDD在3.3V～4.7V之间，用以维持充电装置正常工作。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的充电装置，其特征在于：所述选择控制电路(U3)通过单一路对两路的方式分别接通外接电源(100)与充电管理电路(U2)或接通外接电源(100)与便携式设备(300)。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的充电装置，其特征在于：所述供电电路(U4)与充电管理电路(U2)之间设置有限流电阻和轻触开关，用于稳定和控制充电装置的工作状态。
  10. 一种兼具快速充电和USB充电的充电方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
    当充电装置连接外接电源且检测到便携式设备接入时，所述充电装置识别外接电源类别并根据识别结果对便携式设备进行快速充电或USB充电；
    当充电装置连接外接电源且未检测到便携式设备接入时，所述充电装置识别外接电源类别并根据识别结果对所述充电装置内的内置电池进行快速充电或USB充电；
    当充电装置未连接外接电源且检测到便携式设备接入时，所述充电装置的内置电池对便携式设备进行USB充电。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的充电方法，其特征在于：当充电装置连接外接电源并检测到便携式设备接入，且侦测到充电装置与便携式设备之间的电流小于某一设定值时，所述充电装置判定外接电源完成对便携式设备充电，并根据识别结果对充电装置的内置电池进行快速充电或USB充电。
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