WO2015196905A1 - 太阳能聚光碟系统及其双轴跟踪装置 - Google Patents

太阳能聚光碟系统及其双轴跟踪装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015196905A1
WO2015196905A1 PCT/CN2015/080657 CN2015080657W WO2015196905A1 WO 2015196905 A1 WO2015196905 A1 WO 2015196905A1 CN 2015080657 W CN2015080657 W CN 2015080657W WO 2015196905 A1 WO2015196905 A1 WO 2015196905A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
axis
tracking device
rotating shaft
truss
telescopic
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PCT/CN2015/080657
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马迎召
谭新华
党安旺
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湘电集团有限公司
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Publication of WO2015196905A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015196905A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
    • H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of solar power generation technology, and more particularly to a solar concentrating disk system and a dual-axis tracking device thereof.
  • Dish-type concentrating solar thermal power generation is currently the most efficient solar power generation method with a maximum efficiency of 29.4%. It is expected that in the future, industrialized large-scale application will be realized, and its cost will be greatly reduced, and it will become a new energy power generation that competes with the cost of large-scale conventional power plants.
  • the dish-type solar thermal power generation system generally has a small power of about 5-100 KW, so that it can realize separate distributed power generation, and it can also carry out large-scale power generation by multiple single-unit networks. The application range is very wide, and it is currently the global solar power generation. Research hotspots.
  • the principle of dish-type concentrating solar thermal power generation is to use the concentrating mirror that automatically tracks the sun to focus the solar energy on the collector of the heat engine, thereby heating the engine to perform motion work, and the engine drags the generator to realize power generation.
  • the automatic tracking system for the sun is one of the keys.
  • the concentrating disc system comprises a concentrating device 01 and a two-axis tracking device, and the two-axis tracking device can realize the horizontal rotation and the tilting movement of the concentrating device 01, so that the concentrating device 01 can simultaneously track the sun's position and Height changes.
  • the existing two-axis tracking device comprises a column 06, a truss 05, a slewing ring 03 disposed on the top of the column 06, and a screw jack 04 fixed on the truss 05, wherein the truss 05 is hinged with the slewing ring 03, and the screw jack body is fixed on the truss 05 And its screw
  • the telescopic end of the 041 is connected to the connecting plate 02 of the slewing support via a joint bearing.
  • the rotating shaft of the slewing bearing 03 is vertical, so that the horizontal rotation of the concentrating device can be realized when the slewing bearing 03 rotates (that is, the rotation about the vertical axis, the vertical axis is the axis of the slewing support), and the screw of the screw jack can be expanded and contracted. Achieve the pitching motion of the concentrating device.
  • the center of gravity of the concentrating device that is, the geometric symmetry center point (the intersection of the horizontal dotted line and the vertical dotted line in FIG. 1) is not located on the pitch rotation axis, and the geometric symmetry point of the condensing disk (the horizontal dotted line in FIG. 1 and The intersection of the vertical dashed line always deviates from the pitching motion rotation axis as the pitch motion changes, so the structure increases the difficulty and instability of the center of gravity configuration.
  • the change in the center of gravity of the concentrating disc structure can lead to a series of engineering problems, such as uneven mechanical structure, deformation of the grid, deformation of the screw, etc., thereby affecting the tracking accuracy and service life of the concentrating disc system.
  • the first object of the present invention is to provide a dual-axis tracking device whose structural design can effectively improve the stability of the concentrating disk system and prolong its service life, the second of the present invention. It is an object to provide a concentrating disc system including the above-described two-axis tracking device.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • a two-axis tracking device for a solar concentrating disc system comprising: a column, a truss, a slewing support disposed at a top end of the column, and a first driving device for driving the rotation of the slewing support, further comprising:
  • the truss is hinged to the mounting member by a rotating shaft, and an axis of the rotating shaft and an axis of the slewing bearing are perpendicular to each other and intersect;
  • a telescopic member disposed on the truss, wherein the telescopic member has a telescopic rod, and a telescopic end of the telescopic rod is coupled to a sidewall of the mounting member by a joint bearing.
  • the axis of the rotating shaft is a horizontal line and the axis of the rotating support is a vertical line.
  • an intersection of an axis of the rotating shaft and an axis of the slewing support is located on the same vertical plane as the telescopic rod.
  • the telescopic rod is located in the same axis as the central axis of the truss Vertical surface.
  • the position of the joint bearing is lower than the position of the rotating shaft.
  • a mounting pin is fixedly disposed on a side wall of the mounting member, and the joint bearing is mounted on the mounting pin.
  • the first driving device is specifically a first servo motor.
  • the telescopic member is specifically a screw jack
  • the telescopic rod is a screw rod of the screw jack
  • the telescopic member is specifically a telescopic cylinder.
  • a solar concentrating disc system comprising a concentrating disc device and a biaxial tracking device, the biaxial tracking device being the biaxial tracking device according to any one of the above, wherein a center of gravity of the concentrating device and the The intersection of the axis of the rotating shaft and the axis of the slewing bearing coincides.
  • the dual-axis tracking device of the solar concentrating disc system comprises a column, a truss, a slewing support, a first driving device, a mounting member and a telescopic member, wherein the slewing support is arranged at the top end of the column, and the first driving device can drive the slewing support to rotate .
  • the mounting member is fixed to the swing support, and the truss is hinged to the mounting member via the rotating shaft, that is, the truss is rotatable about the axis of the rotating shaft, and the axis of the rotating shaft and the axis of the slewing bearing are perpendicular to each other and intersect.
  • the body of the telescopic member is fixed on the truss, and the telescopic member has a telescopic rod capable of telescopic expansion.
  • the telescopic end of the telescopic rod is connected with the side wall of the mounting member through a joint bearing, that is, one end of the telescopic rod and the body of the telescopic member is a fixed end.
  • the fixed end of the telescopic rod is fixed from the intersection of the axis of the rotating shaft and the axis of the slewing support.
  • the distance between the telescopic end of the telescopic rod from the intersection of the axis of the rotating shaft and the axis of the slewing support is also fixed.
  • the angle between the fixed end of the telescopic rod and the intersection of the axis of the rotating shaft and the axis of the slewing support and the angle between the telescopic rods also changes, that is, the truss rotates about the axis of the rotating shaft.
  • the dual-axis tracking device of the solar concentrating disc system When applying the dual-axis tracking device of the solar concentrating disc system provided by the present invention, it is only necessary to overlap the center of gravity of the concentrating disc device of the solar concentrating disc system with the intersection of the axis of the rotating shaft and the axis of the slewing support, so that the first When the driving device drives the slewing support to rotate, the slewing support drives the mounting member thereon and the truss hinged with the mounting member to rotate at the same time, thereby realizing the rotation of the truss driving the concentrating device around the axis of the slewing support, and due to the center of gravity of the concentrating device Coincident with the intersection of the axis of the rotating shaft and the axis of the slewing support, the axis of the slewing support is fixed, so that when the slewing support drives the truss and the concentrating device rotates, the center of gravity of the concentrating device is always located on the
  • the angle between the fixed end of the telescopic rod and the intersection of the axis of the rotating shaft and the axis of the slewing support and the angle between the telescopic rods also changes, that is, the truss will surround the rotating shaft.
  • the axis rotates, thereby realizing the rotation of the truss around the axis of the rotating shaft, and the truss always rotates around the axis of the rotating shaft when the telescopic rod is extended and contracted, and the axis of the rotating shaft is relatively fixed with the mounting member, so when the truss rotates around the axis of the rotating shaft, the gathering The center of gravity of the disc device is always on the axis of the spindle.
  • the truss can rotate around the axis of the slewing support and the axis of the rotating shaft at the same time, and the axis of the slewing bearing and the axis of the rotating shaft are perpendicular to each other, thereby realizing that the truss can drive the concentrating disc.
  • the unit is always in focus.
  • the present invention also provides a solar concentrating disk system comprising any of the above-described two-axis tracking devices. Since the above-described two-axis tracking device has the above technical effects, the solar concentrating disk system having the two-axis tracking device should also have corresponding technical effects.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a prior art concentrating optical disc system
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of another state of the concentrating optical disk system in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a concentrating optical disc system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another state of a concentrating optical disc system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another state of a concentrating optical disc system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-axis tracking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a partial side elevational view of a dual axis tracking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a partial plan view of a dual-axis tracking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 01-Concentrated disc device 02-connecting plate, 03-slewing bearing, 04-retractor, 041- telescopic rod, 05-truss, 06-column;
  • 1-convex disc device 2-slewing support, 3-first servo motor, 4-post, 5-turn shaft, 6-retractor, 61- telescopic rod, 7-truss, 8-mount, 9-joint bearing, 10-mounting pin.
  • a first object of the present invention is to provide a dual-axis tracking device whose structural design can effectively improve the stability of the concentrating disk system and prolong its service life.
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide a A concentrating disc system including the above-described two-axis tracking device.
  • the dual-axis tracking device of the solar concentrating system comprises a column 4, a truss 7, a slewing ring 2, a first driving device, a mounting member 8 and a telescopic member 6, wherein the slewing support 2 is arranged At the top end of the column 4, the first drive unit is capable of driving the slewing ring 2 to rotate.
  • the mounting member 8 is fixed to the slewing ring 2, and the truss 7 is hinged to the mounting member 8 via the rotating shaft 5, that is, the truss 7 is rotatable about the axis of the rotating shaft 5, and the axis of the rotating shaft 5 and the axis of the slewing ring 2 are perpendicular to each other and intersect each other. .
  • the body of the telescopic member 6 is fixed on the truss 7, and the telescopic member 6 has a telescopic rod 61 that can be telescoped.
  • the telescopic end of the telescopic rod 61 is connected to the side wall of the mounting member 8 through the joint bearing 9, that is, the telescopic rod 61 and the telescopic member 6
  • One end of the body connection is a fixed end, and the fixed end of the telescopic rod 61 is fixed from the intersection of the axis of the rotating shaft 5 and the axis of the slewing support 2, and the telescopic end of the telescopic rod 61 is away from the axis of the rotating shaft 5 and the slewing support 2
  • the distance of the intersection of the axes is also fixed.
  • the line connecting the fixed end of the telescopic rod 61 with the axis of the rotating shaft 5 and the axis of the slewing ring 2 and the telescopic rod are fixed.
  • the angle between 61 also changes, that is, the truss 7 will rotate about the axis of the shaft 5.
  • the center of gravity of the concentrating device 1 of the optical disc system is coincident with the intersection of the axis of the rotating shaft 5 and the axis of the slewing support 2, so that when the slewing support 2 is driven to rotate by the first driving device, the slewing support 2 drives the mounting thereon.
  • the member 8 and the truss 7 hinged to the mounting member 8 are simultaneously rotated, thereby realizing that the truss 7 drives the concentrating device 1 to rotate about the axis of the slewing support 2, and because of the center of gravity of the concentrating device 1 and the axis of the rotating shaft 5 and the slewing support 2
  • the intersections of the axes coincide, and the axis of the slewing ring 2 is fixed. Therefore, when the slewing ring 2 drives the truss 7 and the concentrating device 1 to rotate, the center of gravity of the concentrating device 1 is always located on the axis of the slewing ring 2.
  • the telescopic rod 61 expands and contracts, that is, the length of the telescopic rod 61 changes, the angle between the fixed end of the telescopic rod 61 and the intersection of the axis of the rotating shaft 5 and the axis of the slewing ring 2 and the telescopic rod 61
  • the change occurs, that is, the truss 7 rotates about the axis of the rotating shaft 5, thereby realizing the rotation of the truss 7 about the axis of the rotating shaft 5, and the truss 7 always rotates around the axis of the rotating shaft 5 when the telescopic rod 61 is expanded and contracted, and the axis of the rotating shaft 5 is
  • the mounting member 8 is relatively fixed, so that when the truss 7 is rotated about the axis of the rotating shaft 5, the center of gravity of the concentrating disc device 1 is always located on the axis of the rotating shaft 5.
  • the truss 7 can simultaneously rotate about the axis of the slewing ring 2 and the axis of the rotating shaft 5, and the axis of the slewing ring 2 and the axis of the rotating shaft 5 are perpendicular to each other, thereby realizing The truss 7 can drive the concentrating device 1 to always focus.
  • the center of gravity of the concentrating device 1 always coincides with the intersection of the axis of the rotating shaft 5 and the axis of the slewing ring 2.
  • the force applied to the two-axis tracking device is relatively uniform, thereby preventing the truss 7 from being deformed due to uneven force, and also preventing the telescopic rod from being deformed by the lateral force, thereby improving the stability of the concentrating disk system and Extends its service life.
  • the center of gravity of the concentrating disc device 1 is also its geometric symmetry center point, which can be realized by the counterweight before installation, and the center of gravity of the concentrating disc device 1 coincides with its geometric symmetry center point, and the center of gravity of the concentrating disc device 1 is FIG. The intersection of the horizontal dashed line and the vertical dashed line.
  • the opening of the concentrating device 1 is vertically upward, and at this time, the center of gravity of the concentrating device 1 is coincident with the intersection of the axis of the rotating shaft 5 and the axis of the slewing support 2, and then When the opening of the concentrating device 1 is horizontal, it is still necessary to ensure that the center of gravity of the concentrating device 1 coincides with the intersection of the axis of the rotating shaft 5 and the axis of the slewing support 2, so that no matter how the concentrating device 1 rotates, the poly gathering can be ensured.
  • the center of gravity of the optical disc device 1 always coincides with the intersection of the axis of the rotating shaft 5 and the axis of the slewing support 2.
  • the axis of the rotary shaft 5 may be a horizontal line, and the axis of the rotary support 2 is a vertical line, that is, the axis of the rotary shaft 5 is along the horizontal direction, and the axis of the rotary support 2 is along the vertical direction.
  • the axis of the rotating shaft 5 can also form an acute angle with the horizontal line, and an acute angle is formed between the axis of the rotating support 2 and the vertical line, which is not limited herein.
  • the intersection of the axis of the rotating shaft 5 and the axis of the slewing ring 2 is on the same vertical plane as the telescopic rod 61, that is, the intersection of the axis of the rotating shaft 5 and the axis of the slewing ring 2 and the telescopic rod
  • the axis of 61 is on the same vertical plane, so that when the concentrating device 1 is simultaneously rotated about the axis of the slewing ring 2 and the axis of the rotating shaft 5, the force of the rotating shaft 5 and the truss 7 is more uniform.
  • the telescopic rod 61 is located on the same vertical plane as the central axis of the truss 7, that is, the axis of the telescopic rod 61 is on the same vertical plane as the central axis of the truss 7, further ensuring the balance of the force of the truss 7 and preventing it. The uneven force is shifted or deformed.
  • the position of the joint bearing 9 may be lower than the position of the rotating shaft 5, that is, the rotating shaft 5 is located at the top end of the mounting member 8, and the joint bearing 9 is located on the side wall of the mounting member 8.
  • the position of the telescopic member 6 can be lowered to facilitate the expansion and contraction of the telescopic rod 61.
  • the side wall of the mounting member 8 is fixedly provided with a mounting pin 10, and the joint bearing 9 can be mounted on the mounting pin 10, so that the mounting structure of the joint bearing 9 is simpler.
  • the position of the joint bearing 9 can also be higher than the position of the rotating shaft 5, and the joint bearing 9 can also be mounted by other means, such as welding or bolting, which is not limited herein.
  • the rotating shaft 5 can be disposed at the top end of the mounting member 8, and the rotating shaft 5 can be fixed relative to the truss 7 or fixed relative to the mounting member 8.
  • the top end of the mounting member 8 may be provided with a U-shaped bracket, and both ends of the rotating shaft 5 are fixed on opposite walls of the U-shaped bracket, and the truss 7 is located at a hollow position of the U-shaped bracket.
  • the first driving device can be specifically the first servo motor 3, so that the rotation angle and the rotation speed of the slewing ring 2 can be precisely controlled, thereby precisely controlling the rotation angle and the rotation speed of the concentrating disk device 1.
  • the first driving device can also be a worm gear structure, which is not limited herein.
  • the telescopic member 6 can be specifically a screw jack, the telescopic rod 61 is a screw rod of the screw jack, and further comprises a second servo motor for driving the screw jack, and the second servo motor can also accurately control the screw rod.
  • the length of the telescopic length changes, thereby precisely controlling the pitch angle of the concentrating disc device 1.
  • the telescopic member 6 can also be a telescopic cylinder or a telescopic cylinder, which is not limited herein.
  • the present invention also provides a solar concentrating disk system comprising a concentrating device 1 and a dual-axis tracking device, wherein the dual-axis tracking device is the above embodiment Any of the two-axis tracking devices, and the center of gravity of the concentrating device 1 coincides with the intersection of the axis of the rotating shaft 5 and the axis of the slewing support 2. Since the solar concentrating disc system adopts the two-axis tracking device in the above embodiment, the beneficial effects of the solar concentrating disc system can be referred to the above embodiment.

Abstract

一种太阳能聚光碟系统及其双轴跟踪装置。该双轴跟踪装置包括立柱（4）、桁架（7）、设置于所述立柱顶端的回转支撑（2）、驱动所述回转支撑转动的第一驱动装置（3），还包括固定于所述回转支撑上的安装件（8），所述桁架通过转轴（5）铰接于所述安装件上，且所述转轴的轴线与回转支撑的轴线相互垂直且相交；设置于所述桁架上的伸缩件（6），且所述伸缩件具有伸缩杆（61），且所述伸缩杆的伸缩端与所述安装件的侧壁通过关节轴承（9）连接。该双轴跟踪装置的结构设计可以有效地提高聚光碟系统的稳定性和延长其使用寿命。

Description

太阳能聚光碟系统及其双轴跟踪装置
本申请要求于2014年06月24日提交中国专利局、申请号为201410288615.9、发明名称为“太阳能聚光碟系统及其双轴跟踪装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及太阳能发电技术领域，更具体地说，涉及一种太阳能聚光碟系统及其双轴跟踪装置。
背景技术
随着世界经济的发展，全球对能源需求日益增长，传统的化石能源越来越不能满足人类的发展要求，全球面临着严重的能源短缺和燃烧化石能源产生的污染问题，世界各国均在寻找可替代化石能源的可持续发展的无污染的新能源。太阳能具有取之不尽，用之不竭，且无污染不受地域限制等特点，被认为是最理想的新能源之一。
碟式聚光太阳能热发电是目前效率最高的一种太阳能发电方式，最高效率可达29.4％。预计在未来形成产业化大规模应用，其成本将会大幅降低，成为与大规模常规电厂进行成本竞争的新能源发电。碟式太阳能热发电系统一般功率较小，约为5-100KW，因此可实现单独的分布式发电，也可以多台单机组网进行大规模电厂发电，应用范围十分广泛，是目前全球太阳能发电的研究热点。
碟式聚光太阳能热发电的原理是利用自动跟踪太阳的聚光镜将太阳能聚焦到热机的集热器，从而加热发动机进行运动做功，发动机拖动发电机，从而实现发电。由其原理可知，对太阳的自动跟踪系统是其关键之一。
如图1所示，聚光碟系统包括聚光碟装置01和双轴跟踪装置，其双轴跟踪装置能够实现聚光碟装置01的水平转动和俯仰运动，从而使聚光碟装置01可以同时跟踪太阳方位及高度变化。现有的双轴跟踪装置包括立柱06、桁架05、设置于立柱06顶部的回转支撑03和固定在桁架05上的螺旋升降机04，其中桁架05与回转支撑03铰接，螺旋升降机本体固定在桁架05上且其丝杆 041的伸缩端通过关节轴承与回转支撑的连接板02连接。回转支撑03的转轴为竖直，因此回转支撑03转动时可以实现聚光碟装置的水平转动(即围绕竖直轴线转动，该竖直轴线为回转支撑的轴线)，螺旋升降机的丝杆伸缩时可以实现聚光碟装置的俯仰运动。
现有结构中，聚光碟装置的重心点即几何对称中心点(图1中水平虚线和竖直虚线的交点)并不位于俯仰转动轴线上，聚光碟的几何对称点(图1中水平虚线和竖直虚线的交点)随俯仰运动的变化始终偏离俯仰运动旋转轴，因此，该结构增加了重心配置的难度和不稳定性。聚光碟结构的重心变化会导致一系列工程问题，例如，机械结构受力不均、网架变形、螺旋丝杆变形等，从而影响聚光碟系统的跟踪精度和使用寿命。
综上所述，如何有效地提高聚光碟系统的稳定性和延长其使用寿命，是目前本领域技术人员急需解决的问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的第一个目的在于提供一种双轴跟踪装置，该双轴跟踪装置的结构设计可以有效地提高聚光碟系统的稳定性和延长其使用寿命，本发明的第二个目的是提供一种包括上述双轴跟踪装置的聚光碟系统。
为了达到上述第一个目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种太阳能聚光碟系统的双轴跟踪装置，包括立柱、桁架、设置于所述立柱顶端的回转支撑、驱动所述回转支撑转动的第一驱动装置，还包括：
固定于所述回转支撑上的安装件，所述桁架通过转轴铰接于所述安装件上，且所述转轴的轴线与回转支撑的轴线相互垂直且相交；
设置于所述桁架上的伸缩件，且所述伸缩件具有伸缩杆，且所述伸缩杆的伸缩端与所述安装件的侧壁通过关节轴承连接。
优选地，上述双轴跟踪装置中，所述转轴的轴线为水平线且所述回转支撑的轴线为竖直线。
优选地，上述双轴跟踪装置中，所述转轴的轴线和所述回转支撑的轴线的交点与所述伸缩杆位于同一竖直面上。
优选地，上述双轴跟踪装置中，所述伸缩杆与所述桁架的中轴线位于同一 竖直面上。
优选地，上述双轴跟踪装置中，所述关节轴承的位置低于所述转轴的位置。
优选地，上述双轴跟踪装置中，所述安装件的侧壁上固定设置有安装销，所述关节轴承安装于所述安装销上。
优选地，上述双轴跟踪装置中，所述第一驱动装置具体为第一伺服电机。
优选地，上述双轴跟踪装置中，所述伸缩件具体为螺旋升降机，所述伸缩杆为所述螺旋升降机的丝杆，还包括驱动所述螺旋升降机的第二伺服电机。
优选地，上述双轴跟踪装置中，所述伸缩件具体为伸缩气缸。
一种太阳能聚光碟系统，包括聚光碟装置和双轴跟踪装置，所述双轴跟踪装置为如上述中任一项所述的双轴跟踪装置，且所述聚光碟装置的重心点与所述转轴的轴线和回转支撑的轴线的交点重合。
本发明提供的太阳能聚光碟系统的双轴跟踪装置包括立柱、桁架、回转支撑、第一驱动装置、安装件和伸缩件，其中回转支撑设置在立柱的顶端，第一驱动装能够驱动回转支撑转动。安装件固定在回转支撑上，并且桁架通过转轴铰接于安装件上，即桁架能够围绕转轴的轴线进行转动，且转轴的轴线与回转支撑的轴线相互垂直且相交。伸缩件的本体固定在桁架上，且伸缩件具有能够伸缩的伸缩杆，伸缩杆的伸缩端与安装件的侧壁通过关节轴承连接，即伸缩杆与伸缩件的本体连接的一端为固定端，伸缩杆的固定端距转轴的轴线和回转支撑的轴线的交点的距离是固定的，伸缩杆的伸缩端距转轴的轴线和回转支撑的轴线的交点的距离也是固定的，当伸缩杆进行伸缩即伸缩杆的长度发生变化时，伸缩杆的固定端与转轴的轴线和回转支撑的轴线的交点的连线和伸缩杆之间的角度也会发生变化，即桁架会围绕转轴的轴线发生转动。
应用本发明提供的太阳能聚光碟系统的双轴跟踪装置时，只需将太阳能聚光碟系统的聚光碟装置的重心点与转轴的轴线和回转支撑的轴线的交点重合安装即可，如此通过第一驱动装置驱动回转支撑转动时，回转支撑会带动其上的安装件以及与安装件铰接的桁架同时转动，进而实现了桁架带动聚光碟装置围绕回转支撑的轴线转动，并且由于聚光碟装置的重心点与转轴的轴线和回转支撑的轴线的交点重合，回转支撑的轴线固定，因此当回转支撑带动桁架以及聚光碟装置转动时，聚光碟装置的重心点始终位于回转支撑的轴线上。另外， 当伸缩杆进行伸缩即伸缩杆的长度发生变化时，伸缩杆的固定端与转轴的轴线和回转支撑的轴线的交点的连线和伸缩杆之间的角度也会发生变化，即桁架会围绕转轴的轴线发生转动，以此实现了桁架围绕转轴的轴线转动，且伸缩杆伸缩时桁架始终围绕转轴的轴线进行转动，转轴的轴线与安装件相对固定，因此当桁架围绕转轴的轴线转动时，聚光碟装置的重心点始终位于转轴的轴线上。综上所知，通过第一驱动装置和伸缩件的驱动，桁架可以同时围绕回转支撑的轴线和转轴的轴线转动，而回转支撑的轴线和转轴的轴线相互垂直，进而实现了桁架可以带动聚光碟装置始终对焦。由上述过程可以看出，桁架及聚光碟装置围绕回转支撑的轴线和转轴的轴线转动时，聚光碟装置的重心点始终与转轴的轴线和回转支撑的轴线的交点重合，如此使得双轴跟踪装置的受力较为均匀，进而可以避免桁架由于受力不均而变形、也可以避免伸缩杆受侧向力影响而变形等，从而提高了聚光碟系统的稳定性且延长了其使用寿命。
为了达到上述第二个目的，本发明还提供了一种太阳能聚光碟系统，该太阳能聚光碟系统包括上述任一种双轴跟踪装置。由于上述的双轴跟踪装置具有上述技术效果，具有该双轴跟踪装置的太阳能聚光碟系统也应具有相应的技术效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有技术中的聚光碟系统的结构示意图；
图2为现有技术中的聚光碟系统另一状态的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的聚光碟系统的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的聚光碟系统另一状态的结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的聚光碟系统另一状态的结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的双轴跟踪装置的结构示意图；
图7为本发明实施例提供的双轴跟踪装置的局部侧视图；
图8为本发明实施例提供的双轴跟踪装置的局部俯视图。
附图中标记如下：
01-聚光碟装置、02-连接板、03-回转支撑、04-伸缩件、041-伸缩杆、05-桁架、06-立柱；
1-聚光碟装置、2-回转支撑、3-第一伺服电机、4-立柱、5-转轴、6-伸缩件、61-伸缩杆、7-桁架、8-安装件、9-关节轴承、10-安装销。
具体实施方式
本发明的第一个目的在于提供一种双轴跟踪装置，该双轴跟踪装置的结构设计可以有效地提高聚光碟系统的稳定性和延长其使用寿命，本发明的第二个目的是提供一种包括上述双轴跟踪装置的聚光碟系统。
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图3-图6，本发明提供的太阳能聚光碟系统的双轴跟踪装置包括立柱4、桁架7、回转支撑2、第一驱动装置、安装件8和伸缩件6，其中回转支撑2设置在立柱4的顶端，第一驱动装能够驱动回转支撑2转动。安装件8固定在回转支撑2上，并且桁架7通过转轴5铰接于安装件8上，即桁架7能够围绕转轴5的轴线进行转动，且转轴5的轴线与回转支撑2的轴线相互垂直且相交。伸缩件6的本体固定在桁架7上，且伸缩件6具有能够伸缩的伸缩杆61，伸缩杆61的伸缩端与安装件8的侧壁通过关节轴承9连接，即伸缩杆61与伸缩件6的本体连接的一端为固定端，伸缩杆61的固定端距转轴5的轴线和回转支撑2的轴线的交点的距离是固定的，伸缩杆61的伸缩端距转轴5的轴线和回转支撑2的轴线的交点的距离也是固定的，当伸缩杆61进行伸缩即伸缩杆61的长度发生变化时，伸缩杆61的固定端与转轴5的轴线和回转支撑2的轴线的交点的连线和伸缩杆61之间的角度也会发生变化，即桁架7会围绕转轴5的轴线发生转动。
应用本发明提供的太阳能聚光碟系统的双轴跟踪装置时，只需将太阳能聚 光碟系统的聚光碟装置1的重心点与转轴5的轴线和回转支撑2的轴线的交点重合安装即可，如此通过第一驱动装置驱动回转支撑2转动时，回转支撑2会带动其上的安装件8以及与安装件8铰接的桁架7同时转动，进而实现了桁架7带动聚光碟装置1围绕回转支撑2的轴线转动，并且由于聚光碟装置1的重心点与转轴5的轴线和回转支撑2的轴线的交点重合，回转支撑2的轴线固定，因此当回转支撑2带动桁架7以及聚光碟装置1转动时，聚光碟装置1的重心点始终位于回转支撑2的轴线上。另外，当伸缩杆61进行伸缩即伸缩杆61的长度发生变化时，伸缩杆61的固定端与转轴5的轴线和回转支撑2的轴线的交点的连线和伸缩杆61之间的角度也会发生变化，即桁架7会围绕转轴5的轴线发生转动，以此实现了桁架7围绕转轴5的轴线转动，且伸缩杆61伸缩时桁架7始终围绕转轴5的轴线进行转动，转轴5的轴线与安装件8相对固定，因此当桁架7围绕转轴5的轴线转动时，聚光碟装置1的重心点始终位于转轴5的轴线上。综上所知，通过第一驱动装置和伸缩件6的驱动，桁架7可以同时围绕回转支撑2的轴线和转轴5的轴线转动，而回转支撑2的轴线和转轴5的轴线相互垂直，进而实现了桁架7可以带动聚光碟装置1始终对焦。由上述过程可以看出，桁架7及聚光碟装置1围绕回转支撑2的轴线和转轴5的轴线转动时，聚光碟装置1的重心点始终与转轴5的轴线和回转支撑2的轴线的交点重合，如此使得双轴跟踪装置的受力较为均匀，进而可以避免桁架7由于受力不均而变形、也可以避免伸缩杆受侧向力影响而变形等，从而提高了聚光碟系统的稳定性且延长了其使用寿命。
其中，聚光碟装置1的重心点也为其几何对称中心点，在安装前可以通过配重实现，聚光碟装置1的重心点与其几何对称中心点重合，聚光碟装置1的重心点即图3中水平虚线和竖直虚线的交点。
进行安装该双轴跟踪装置，首先需要进行配置，即将聚光碟装置1的开口竖直向上，此时保证聚光碟装置1的重心点与转轴5的轴线和回转支撑2的轴线的交点重合，然后将聚光碟装置1的开口水平，此时仍需保证聚光碟装置1的重心点与转轴5的轴线和回转支撑2的轴线的交点重合，如此则无论聚光碟装置1如何转动，则可以保证聚光碟装置1的重心点始终与转轴5的轴线和回转支撑2的轴线的交点重合。
为了便于安装上述双轴跟踪装置，转轴5的轴线可以为水平线，并且回转支撑2的轴线为竖直线，即转轴5的轴线沿着水平方向，回转支撑2的轴线沿着竖直方向。如此，当聚光碟装置1围绕转轴5的轴线转动时，可以实现聚光碟装置1的水平转动，当聚光碟装置1围绕回转支撑2的轴线转动时，可以实现聚光碟装置1的俯仰转动，以此使其对准太阳的方向。当然，转轴5的轴线也可以与水平线之间形成锐角，并且回转支撑2的轴线与竖直线之间形成锐角，在此不作限定。
为了进一步保证该双轴跟踪装置的平衡，转轴5的轴线和回转支撑2的轴线的交点与伸缩杆61位于同一竖直面上，即转轴5的轴线和回转支撑2的轴线的交点与伸缩杆61的轴线位于同一竖直面上，如此当聚光碟装置1同时围绕回转支撑2的轴线和转轴5的轴线转动时，转轴5和桁架7的受力更加均匀。
进一步地，伸缩杆61与桁架7的中轴线位于同一竖直面上，即伸缩杆61的轴线与桁架7的中轴线位于同一竖直面上，进一步保证了桁架7的受力均衡，防止其受力不均发生偏移或者变形。
另外，关节轴承9的位置可以低于转轴5的位置，即转轴5位于安装件8的顶端，关节轴承9位于安装件8的侧壁上。如此伸缩件6的位置可以较低，便于控制其伸缩杆61的伸缩。进一步地，安装件8的侧壁上固定设置有安装销10，关节轴承9可以安装于安装销10上，如此进行关节轴承9的安装结构更加简单。
当然，关节轴承9的位置也可以高于转轴5的位置，并且关节轴承9也可以通过其他方式安装，比如焊接或者螺栓，在此不作限定。
其中，转轴5可以设置在安装件8的顶端，转轴5可以与桁架7相对固定或者与安装件8相对固定。安装件8的顶端可以设置U型支架，转轴5的两端固定在U型支架相对的两个壁上，桁架7位于U型支架的中空位置。
其中，第一驱动装置可以具体为第一伺服电机3，如此可以精确控制回转支撑2的旋转角度以及转速，进而精确控制聚光碟装置1的转动角度和转速。当然，第一驱动装置也可以为蜗轮蜗杆结构，在此不作限定。
伸缩件6可以具体为螺旋升降机，伸缩杆61为螺旋升降机的丝杆，还包括驱动螺旋升降机的第二伺服电机，利用第二伺服电机同样可以精确控制丝杆 的伸缩长度变化，进而精确控制聚光碟装置1俯仰角度。
当然，伸缩件6还可以为伸缩气缸或者伸缩油缸，在此不作限定。
基于上述实施例中提供的双轴跟踪装置，本发明还提供了一种太阳能聚光碟系统，该太阳能聚光碟系统包括聚光碟装置1和双轴跟踪装置，其中，双轴跟踪装置为上述实施例中任意一种双轴跟踪装置，且聚光碟装置1的重心点与转轴5的轴线和回转支撑2的轴线的交点重合。由于该太阳能聚光碟系统采用了上述实施例中的双轴跟踪装置，所以该太阳能聚光碟系统的有益效果请参考上述实施例。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种太阳能聚光碟系统的双轴跟踪装置，包括立柱(4)、桁架(7)、设置于所述立柱(4)顶端的回转支撑(2)、驱动所述回转支撑(2)转动的第一驱动装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    固定于所述回转支撑(2)上的安装件(8)，所述桁架(7)通过转轴(5)铰接于所述安装件(8)上，且所述转轴(5)的轴线与回转支撑(2)的轴线相互垂直且相交；
    设置于所述桁架(7)上的伸缩件(6)，且所述伸缩件(6)具有伸缩杆(61)，且所述伸缩杆(61)的伸缩端与所述安装件(8)的侧壁通过关节轴承(9)连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的双轴跟踪装置，其特征在于，所述转轴(5)的轴线为水平线且所述回转支撑(2)的轴线为竖直线。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的双轴跟踪装置，其特征在于，所述转轴(5)的轴线和所述回转支撑(2)的轴线的交点与所述伸缩杆(61)位于同一竖直面上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的双轴跟踪装置，其特征在于，所述伸缩杆(61)与所述桁架(7)的中轴线位于同一竖直面上。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的双轴跟踪装置，其特征在于，所述关节轴承(9)的位置低于所述转轴(5)的位置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的双轴跟踪装置，其特征在于，所述安装件(8)的侧壁上固定设置有安装销(10)，所述关节轴承(9)安装于所述安装销(10)上。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的双轴跟踪装置，其特征在于，所述第一驱动装置具体为第一伺服电机(3)。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的双轴跟踪装置，其特征在于，所述伸缩件(6)具体为螺旋升降机，所述伸缩杆(61)为所述螺旋升降机的丝杆，还包括驱动所述螺旋升降机的第二伺服电机。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的双轴跟踪装置，其特征在于，所述伸缩件(6) 具体为伸缩气缸。
  10. 一种太阳能聚光碟系统，包括聚光碟装置(1)和双轴跟踪装置，其特征在于，所述双轴跟踪装置为如权利要求1-9任一项所述的双轴跟踪装置，且所述聚光碟装置(1)的重心点与所述转轴(5)的轴线和回转支撑(2)的轴线的交点重合。
PCT/CN2015/080657 2014-06-24 2015-06-03 太阳能聚光碟系统及其双轴跟踪装置 WO2015196905A1 (zh)

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